非谓语讲解 课件 -2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

非谓语动词定义：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。 形式：to do to be done doing being done having done having been done done 功能：主，宾，表，定，状，补 考点一：动词的非谓语形式作宾语 to do, doing 1.下面动词只能用不定式作宾语，牢记下列口诀： 设法答应想帮忙，决心拒绝不假装。 主动学会选计划，同意请求和希望。 manage, promise, want, help. decide/determine, refuse, pretend. offer, learn, choose, plan. agree, ask / beg, expect / hope / wish. ① She pretended not to see me when I passed by. ② We agreed to meet here but so far she has not turned up yet. 2.下列动词只能用动名词作宾语，牢记下列口诀： 考虑建议禁推迟，承认错过盼原谅， 否认完成继续练，欣赏冒险与想象， 避免介意准逃亡。 consider , suggest / advise, forbid, delay/ put off. admit, miss, look forward to, excuse, pardon. deny, finish, keep / keep on, practice. enjoy / appreciate, risk，imagine. avoid, mind, allow / permit, escape. 此外介词短语后面要用doing形式作宾语。 用法 例句  +  We don't allow smoking in the hall. 我们不准有人在大厅内吸烟。 Smoking is forbidden here but you are allowed to smoke over there. 这里禁止吸烟,但你可以去那里吸。 3.注意： 4.有些动词后即可跟to do 又可跟v-ing(动名词）,意义区别不大。 如begin/start/continue/love/like/prefer/hate等 5.有些动词后即可跟to do 又可跟doing,意义区别很大。 6.need ,want ,require , deserve +doing/to be done 表需要，值得 The window needs cleaning/ to be cleaned. Ⅰ.单句填空 1.The discovery of new evidence led to the thief____ _ (catch). 2.The man insisted on     (find)a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. 3.According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week         (watch) TV. 4.Oh, my god, I didn‘t mean         (hurt) him! But, but, I am so sorry now. being caught finding watching   to hurt  5.I regret        (state) that you are all late for the meetng. 6.We determined         (fulfill) our dream of going to Peking University for further study. 7.Any country can‘t escape      (punish) if it attempts to destroy the interests of other countries. 8.When at school, teachers are sure to forbid us      (go) out to the downtown alone. being punished to state     to fulfill to go     考点二：动词的非谓语形式作状语 1.to do 做目的状语，结果状语，原因状语 He hurried back only to find that his mother had left. I am only too glad to have passed the exam. 2.doing 与句子主语主动关系，与谓语同时发生 He stood there, smiling to me. 3.having done 主动，先于谓语发生 Having finished the work, I felt very relaxed. 4.done 被动，完成 Given enough time , we are sure to do it. 1.When ______(offer) help, one often says “thank you”. 2. The book is difficult ______________（understand). offered to understand to do 主表被 主语+系动词+adj.+ to do ,adj.表主语的性质、特征 3.Generally speaking, if________(take) according to the instructions, the drug has no side effects. 4.______（judge) by his accent, he is from Hong Kang. taken Judging 独立成分作状语，不受语境影响。 generally speaking/judging by/judging from/ considering/taking…into consideration/compared to 5.Group activities will be organized after class   (help) children develop team spirit. 6.Throughout Sandra's life, she had to move between cities, never         (allow) her much time to get settled in one place. 7.______(see) the news of its return to Yiwu, Jin's mother encouraged him to write about it and then send the letter to QueenElizabethⅡ. 1.We gathered at the Sunshine Square and gave out leaflets to passers-by, tell them the importance of environmental protection. to help  allowing    Seeing     ______ telling 2.We regret that we didn't seize those opportunities, thus feel upset. 3.Watch the flag rising in the brilliant sun, we were quite excitedand proud of our motherland. 4.Seeing from the top, the city is extremely beautiful. 5.After school, I went back home in time to help my parents do some housework while enjoy some light music. 6.Dressing in black, he was playing with a smartphone while eating. _____ feeling ______ watching ____ Seen ____ enjoying ______ Dressed 考点三：动词非谓语形式作定语 to do 名词被特定词修饰，特定名词 doing 与名词主动关系 done 与名词被动关系，表状态或完成 2.The book written by Lu Xun is famous. being done 与名词被动关系，表正在进行 to be done 被动，将来 3.The question to be discussed next week is important. 1.I have never seen a more moving movie. 一、不定式作定语 1.当名词被序数词或the only, the next, the last, the right修饰,且该名词是作定语的非谓语形式表示的动作的执行者时,用不定式的主动形式作定语。 She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。 He was the only person to survive the plane crash. 他是这次飞机失事中唯一的幸存者。 2.有些名词的同源动词，形容词常跟不定式作宾语, 而这些名词也常跟不定式作定语,常见的有: wish, decision, refusal, arrangement, intention, agreement, hope, need, plan, promise, failure, attempt, offer, warning ability, anxiety, eagerness, willingness 等。 例句 比较 I don't trust his promise to come for a visit. He promised to come for a visit. He said he had no plans to go there. He didn't plan to go there. He made an attempt to stand up. He attempted to stand up. 3.有些名词常用不定式作定语说明其内容,它们是: chance, opportunity, reason, way , effort, measure, movement, power, right, skill, strength, struggle, idea等。 He has a strange way to make his classes lively and interesting. 他有一种奇怪的方法使他的课既生动又有趣。 Volunteering gives you a chance to change lives, including your own. 志愿工作让你有一个可以改变生活的机会,包括你自己的生活。 1.It‘s           (amaze) news that we will go on a research course(研学) next weekend. 11.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially    (design) to help them succeed academically and personally. 3. I am fond of the plan      (go) on a trip to Hainan next month. 4. 13.The flowers         (smell) sweet in the botanic garden attract visitors to the beauty of nature. amazing to go smelling designed 1.使役动词make,let,have,get后接复合宾语的情况 He made his workers work 12 hours a day. 他让他的工人们一天工作12个小时。 He tried to make himself understood. 他尽量把自己的意思表达清楚了。 Don't let your child play with matches. 别让你的孩子玩火柴。 Let the work be done immediately. 工作要马上去做。    　　 He got me to post the letter for him. 他让我替他寄信。 The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest. 休息了片刻之后,上尉让士兵们朝前线行。 二、动词的非谓语形式作leave, keep, 及介词with的宾补 1.leave Sb/ sth doing 让某人某物处于某种状态 （主动,进行) Sth undone留下某事未做（被动，完成） Sb to do sth留下某人去做某事（将来，主动） Sth to be done 留下某事要做（将来，被动） It's wrong to leave the machine running. The guests left most of the dishes untouched , because they didn't taste delicious. 大部分的菜客人们动都没动,因为它们尝起来不可口。 He left , leaving me to do all the rest of work. 他走了,留下我一个人去做剩余的所有工作。 We hurriedly ended our meeting , leaving many problems to be settled. 我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议,留下了很多问题等待解决。 Keep the engine running.别让发动机熄火。 You should keep me informed of his whereabouts.你应该让我了解他的行踪。 2.keep John received an invitation to dinner , and with his work finished , he gladly accepted it. With a lot of difficult problems to settle , the newly elected president is having a hard time. 3.with 4.find We found him to be dishonest. 我们发现他不诚实。 Often I found her quietly weeping alone. I found him buried in a novel. 5.Catch sb doing 撞见某人正在做某事 Ⅰ.单句填空 1.Some students will feel a growing sense of fear with the exam season           (approach) while others may appear fairly calm. 2.In Shanxi, people get their hair         (cut) in a symbolic move to remove the old and embrace the new. 3.Apart from the massive size, it also has unmatched accuracy and sensitivity, allowing scientists     (find) previously hidden stars. 4.China's image is improving steadily, with more countries        (recognize) its role in in-ternational affairs. approaching cut to find recognizing    5.I need a new passport, so I will have to have my photograph          (take). 6.Some students break this rule and some even play with their smartphones in class, which makes teachers    (discourage). 7.In short, it is a grateful heart that makes us           (become) kind people and create a harmonious environment. 8.It was mainly for this reason that the Brazilian government decided to have a new city           (build) 600 miles northwest of Rio de Janeiro. 9.When I got into the office, I found Mr. Green          (bury) in his work, without noticing my arrival. taken discouraged become built buried  $