Unit 6 Beyond Earth.Section B知识清单2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册（人教版）

Unit 6 Beyond Earth.Section B知识清单 Part1核心单词 1 cooperate /kəʊ'ɒpəreɪt/ v. 合作；协作 cooperate v.合作；配合，是由动词operate（操作）+ 前缀co-（表示共同、一起）构成。 常用短语：(1)cooperate to do sth 合作做某事 (2)cooperate with sb 与某人合作 (3)cooperate on sth 在某件事上合作 常见短语：in cooperation with 与……合作(介词短语，常作状语)；mutual cooperation 相互合作 其他同根词：(1)cooperation(n. 合作) (2)cooperative(adj. 配合的) 例：Teams must cooperate to win the game.团队必须合作才能赢得比赛。 We need to cooperate with the new classmate on the presentation. 我们需要和新同学合作做演示。 Teachers and parents cooperate on organizing the school trip. 老师和家长合作组织学校旅行。 The library built a new reading corner in cooperation with the community. 图书馆与社区合作建了新的阅读角。 Our success depends on mutual cooperation.我们的成功取决于相互合作。 She’s always cooperative when working in groups.小组合作时她总是很配合。 2 survey /'sɜːveɪ/ n. 测绘；民意调查 survey可作名词，也可作动词。 作名词时，常用短语：do a survey 做调查；conduct a survey 进行调查；a survey of sth 关于某事的调查。 作动词时，常用短语：survey sb about sth 就某事调查某人 例：To make a new map of our town, they need to do a careful survey. 为了制作我们小镇的新地图，他们需要进行仔细的测绘。 Our group will do a survey about students’ weekend plans. 我们小组要做一项关于学生周末计划的调查。 The teacher asked us to conduct a survey on school lunch. 老师让我们就学校午餐进行调查。 There’s a new survey of neighborhood green spaces.有一项关于社区绿地的新调查。 We survey students’ favorite books every semester.我们每学期都调查学生最爱的书籍。 They surveyed parents about kids’ screen time.他们就孩子的屏幕使用时间调查了家长。 3 operate /'ɒpəreɪt/ v. 操作；运行 operate vt. 操作；运行 vi.动手术→operation n. 操作；运行；手术→operator n. 操作员；话务员 operate 常用短语： (1)operate a device/machine 操作设备 / 机器 (2)operate on sb 给某人做手术 其他同根词常见短语： (1)come into operation 开始实施；开始运行 (2)be in operation 正在运行；正在使用 (3)perform an operation on... 给……做手术 例：My uncle can operate this new printing machine easily. 我叔叔能轻松操作这台新印刷机。 Surgeons operated on the dog to remove a small stone from its stomach. 外科医生给这只狗做手术，取出了胃里的小石子。 Students learn to operate 3D printers in the school’s tech club.学生们在学校科技社团学习操作 3D 打印机。 The new library rules will come into operation next week. 新的图书馆规定下周开始实施。 The old windmill has been in operation for over 50 years. 这座旧风车已经运行了 50 多年。 The doctor will perform an operation on her broken leg tomorrow. 医生明天要给她的断腿做手术。 The call center operator helped me solve the phone problem. 呼叫中心话务员帮我解决了手机问题。 Part2 核心短语 1 in case 以防万一 in case 是一个连词短语，由“介词in + 名词case”构成，主要用于引导从句，表达“以防、万一”的含义。 in case 主要引导条件状语从句或目的状语从句，强调“为应对可能发生的情况而提前做准备”。 类似短语还有：(1)for fear that 生怕、担心 (2)just in case(含义与 in case 一致，更口语化) (3)in the event that 倘若、如果 辨析：in case 与in case of in case  连词短语，后面接从句。 in case of  介词短语，后面接名词 / 代词，表示“如果发生……”。 例：Take an umbrella in case it rains. 带把伞，以防下雨。 I’ll save some food in case you are hungry later.我会留些食物，万一你一会儿饿了。 You’d better write down the address in case you forget it. 你最好写下地址，以防忘记。 I’ll take an extra pen just in case. 我多带一支笔以防万一。 2 on board 在船(或火车、飞机)上 on board由“介词on + 名词 board”构成，核心含义围绕“在……之上”，表示“在(船、飞机、火车等交通工具)上”，强调身处交通工具内部，常与get /go(登上)搭配使用。 类似短语还有on fire 着火；on duty 值班；on foot 步行等。 例：The captain checked the list of passengers on board. 船长核对了船上乘客的名单。 The airline kept all passengers on board until the weather improved. 航空公司让所有乘客留在飞机上，直到天气好转。 Passengers hurry to get on board the train before it departs. 乘客们在火车发车前赶紧上车。 3 set foot on 访问；参观(某地) set foot on 由“动词set + 名词foot + 介词on” 构成，属于“动词 + 名词 + 介词”结构的固定短语。意为“把脚放在…… 上”，引申为“踏上；进入；访问；参观(某地)”，强调“首次到达”或“进入某地”的动作，带有正式或略带文学性的语气。 由set 构成的类似短语还有：set eyes on 看见；首次见到；set fire to 点燃；使着火；set a date for 为……设定日期；set sail for 启航前往(某地)；set a goal for 为……设立一个目标等。 例：Last month, our class set foot on Paris to visit famous museums and learn about French culture.上个月，我们班访问了巴黎，目的是参观著名博物馆并了解法国文化。 The student delegation from England will set foot on our school next week to share their traditional art. 英国学生代表团下周将访问我们学校，分享他们的传统艺术。 The hiker was excited to set foot on the top of the mountain at sunrise. 日出时，徒步者兴奋地踏上了山顶。 She promised never to set foot on that noisy street again. 她承诺再也不踏入那条喧闹的街道了。 4 look up at 抬头看；仰望 例：Since the beginning of human history, people have looked up at the stars and wondered what they were like. 5 it seems likely that...“似乎有可能……” it 作形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句。 例：It seems likely that one day we may reach the stars as people once dreamt. 6 be curious about 对……好奇 例：Humans have long been curious about the stars. 7 prefer to do sth更喜欢做某事 例：I’d prefer to see it with my own eyes. 8 both in mind and body在身心两方面 例：The job must require you to be strong both in mind and body. 9 be tied down 被固定住；受束缚 例：But it must be difficult to fall asleep if you need to be tied down! 10 dream of doing sth 梦想做某事 例：For thousands of years, human beings dreamt of visiting the moon and other planets. 11 quite a few 相当多；不少 quite a few“相当多；不少”，后接可数名词复数，用于修饰数量较多的事物。 例：My space dream is that one day a space station will be built on the moon. 12 be used to do sth 被用来做某事 例：These technologies can then be used to help build stations on Mars and other planets. 13 be able to 能够 be able to后接动词原形，用于表达具备做某事的能力。 例：Tourists will also be able to visit. 14 during one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中 例：I hope it will happen during my lifetime. Part3 核心句子 1 However, as technology and science developed, we learnt the truth about stars. as technology and science developed “随着科技的发展”，as 引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”。 2 The man-made object which has travelled furthest from Earth is Voyager 1. which has travelled furthest from Earth is Voyager 1定语从句，修饰先行词“The man-made object” 3 While this is not possible right now, with nations and scientists cooperating with one another, there is hope that the necessary technology will be developed. 长难句分析：该句为主从复合句，主句（there be 句型 + 同位语从句），主语为hope，that 引导同位语从句解释hope 的具体内容。在同位语从句中，主语是the necessary technology，谓语是will be developed。句首的While 引导让步状语从句，其中主语为this，系动词是is，表语是not possible，right now 是时间状语。 4 Yeah, it will be very crowded. I think I’ll watch it online instead. “crowded”是形容词，主要表示 “人（太）多的；拥挤的”，也可指“排满的”（如排满的日程）；反义词是“uncrowded”不拥挤的。其动词和名词形式均为“crowd”，分别表示“拥挤”和“人群”。 5 It just takes time for scientists to find it. It takes time for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事需要时间”，是固定句型，其中“It”作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的“to do sth”结构。 6 One idea is to have the astronauts sleep during their journey like some animals do in winter. 一种想法是让宇航员在旅途中睡觉，就像一些动物在冬天（冬眠）那样。 (1)分析结构 本句是一个复合句，主句是“主—系—表”结构：主语是One idea，系动词是is，表语是不定式短语to have the astronauts sleep；during their journey 是介词短语，作时间状语；like some animals do in winter 是方式状语从句（like 作连词），说明睡觉的方式。 (2)动词不定式短语（to + 动词原形）作表语，通常放在be 动词后，说明主语的内容、性质或目的。 动词不定式短语除了作表语外，还可作定语、状语、主语、宾语和宾语补足语。 例：My dream is to build a robot for the elderly.我的梦想是为老年人造一个机器人。 The best way is to plant more trees in the neighborhood.最好的办法是在小区种更多树。 To learn a second language is useful. 学一门外语很有用。 It’s fun to fly a kite on windy days. 大风天放风筝很有趣。 He plans to visit the science museum next week.他计划下周去参观科学博物馆。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $