Unit 5 学霸必背知识清单(2) 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

Read and recite it one more time, and you'll really get the hang of it. --- Allan 2025译林版牛津英语八下学霸必背知识清单 Unit 5 Good manners Grammar 1. To enjoy world travel fully, avoid too much planning all at once. 要充分享受环球旅行，避免同时做过多计划。 · fully adv. 完全地，全部地，充分地 I fully understand your mood. 我完全理解你的心情。 We are fully aware of the dangers. 我们充分意识到危险。 · all at once 同时，一次性（动作的一次性、时间上的同步）；突然，猛地 To keep healthy, don’t eat too much food all at once. 为了保持健康，不要一次性吃太多食物。 She doesn’t like to answer many questions all at once. 她不喜欢同时回答很多问题。 I remembered his name all at once when I saw his photo.（看到他的照片时，我突然想起了他的名字。 2. Don’t jump the line. 不要插队。 · jump the line = jump the queue(英式英语) = cut in line(美式口语) 插队 Students shouldn’t jump the line in the library. 学生不应该在图书馆插队。 Many people are angry when someone cuts in line to buy the limited tickets.有人插队买限量门票时，很多人都会生气。 3. Don't talk too loudly. 不要太大声交谈。 · loudly adv. 大声地；吵闹地（作状语，指声音大、影响他人，常与speak、talk、laugh、shout、sing、cry等连用） · loud adj. 大声的；响亮的；喧闹的（做表语或定语，指声音音量高、易听见） · aloud adv. 出声地；大声地（强调出声、打破沉沉默/默读、发出声音，不侧重音量大小，常与read、read、think、say、call等连用） He laughed loudly in the classroom. 他在教室里大声大笑。 The music is too loud. Please turn it down. 音乐太吵了，请调低一点。 Please read the text aloud. 请朗读课文。 4. Don't walk too fast in case you run into someone. 行走时切勿太快，以免撞到他人。 · in case 以防万一（引导目的状语从句，表示“避免不好的结果”，固定结构：主句+in case+从句） You should wear more clothes in case you catch a cold. 你应该多穿点衣服，以防感冒。 · in case of 万一；加入（后接名词、代词或动名词，不可以接从句） In case of trouble, call me. 万一遇到麻烦，给我打电话。 In case of rain, we will stay at home.万一下雨，我们就待在家里。 5. Also, they are too kind to push past you when you are in their way. 并且，当你挡着他们的路时，他们也会格外友善，不会从你身边挤过。 · push vi.&vt. 推；挤开；推动 push oneself too hard 把自己逼得太紧 You push and I pull. 你推我拉。 Don't push. Everyone will get a turn. 别挤。每个人都轮得到。（作不及物动词） He pushed his chair back and stood up. 他向后挪挪椅子，站了起来。（作及物动词） Just relax. Don't push yourself so hard. 放轻松。别把自己逼得太紧。 · past prep. 在另一边，到另一侧（常与表示“移动”的动词 walk、go、run、drive 等动词连用） n. 过去；过去的事情 in the past 在过去 adj. 过去的 in the past four years 在过去的四年里 prep. 在……之后（时间）half past nine 九点半 adv. （时间） 过去，逝去 I walk past a park every morning. 我每天早上都路过一个公园。 In the past, scientists didn't know that trees could sense things. 在过去，科学家们并不知道树木能够感知事物。 Reading is a way to learn from the past and understand the world. 阅读是学习过去和了解世界的一种方式。 Past events can teach us many valuable lessons. 过去的事件能教给我们很多宝贵的教训。 Lily gets up at ten past six. 莉莉六点十分起床。 Weeks went past without any news. 几周过去了，一点消息也没有。 · in one’s way 挡着......的路 The desk is in his way，so he moves it to the corner. 桌子挡了他的路，所以他把它搬到了角落。 · 由way构成的固定短语： on one’s way to ... 在某人去......的路上 lose one’s way 迷路 find one’s way 找到路；设法到达 in this/that way 用这/那种方式 by the way 顺便说一下；顺便问一下 in some ways 在某些方面 6. He would never lie or cheat. 他从来不说谎也不欺骗他人。 · cheat vi.&vt. 欺骗 cheat sb. (out) of sth. 骗取某人的某物 cheat sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 The man cheated me out of my watch. 那个人骗走了我的手表。 Don't let others cheat you into buying useless things. 别被别人骗着买没用的东西。 7. If he promised others something, he always kept his word. 只要答应了别人的事，他总会信守诺言。 · promise vt.&vi. 承诺，许诺 promise (not) to do sth. 承诺 (不) 做某事；答应 (不) 做某事 promise sb sth. = promise sth. to sb. 向某人承诺某事 / 物 promise+(that) 从句 保证…… Before setting out, she promised to buy a gift for her daughter. 出发前，她答应给女儿买一件礼物。 He promised his grandson a bike. = He promised a bike to his grandson. 他许诺给他的孙子一辆自行车。 Tom, I promise I'll play basketball with you if I'm free this weekend. 汤姆，我保证如果这周末有空，我会跟你打篮球。 · promise cn. 承诺；诺言 make a/one's promise 许下诺言 break a/one's promise 违背诺言 keep a/one's promise 信守诺言 Once you make a promise, you must keep it. 一旦许下诺言，你就必须信守。 I got angry when he broke his promise. 当他违背诺言时，我很生气。 8. He was too honest to take others' things, even though no one knew who owned the pear tree. 他为人太过诚实，尽管没人知道那棵梨树归谁所有，他也不会拿别人的东西。 · even though 尽管，即使（相当于 even if，引导让步状语从句；even though/if 不能和 but 连用，但可以和 yet、still 连用） Even though you are sad, try smiling. 你即使很难过，也要试着微笑。 She tried hard, even though her legs felt shaky during the training. 训练期间，尽管她的双腿发软发抖，她还是努力尝试。 · own vt. 拥有 （不用于进行时） → owner n. 物主；所有者；主人 adj. 通常放在形容词性物主代词或所有格之后，强调 "某人自己的" of one's own 属于某人自己的 on one's own 独立地；独自（相当于 by oneself） Bob owns the farm. That means he is the owner of the farm. 鲍勃拥有这个农场。这意味着他是这个农场的主人。 Each of them sets their own study goals. 他们每个人都设立了自己的学习目标。 He has a mind of his own. 他很有主见。 She can do lots of things on her own (=by herself). 她能独自做很多事情。 Integration 1. Standing in the snow to wait for Master Cheng respectfully 恭敬地站在雪地里等候程先生 · respectfully adv. 尊敬地 → respectful adj. 尊敬的；表示敬意的 → respect n. & v. 尊敬；敬意 Being respectful is a key part of good manners. We should respect our teachers and elders. When we ask questions, we should stand up and speak respectfully. These small acts show our respect for others. 尊重他人是良好礼仪的核心要素。我们应当尊敬老师与长辈。当我们提问时，要起身恭敬地讲话。这些细微的举动都能展示我们对他人的尊重。 2. When the master woke up, he was moved to see the two students waiting in the deep snow. 当程先生醒来时，看到两名学子伫立在深雪中静候的身影，深受感动。 · moved adj. 感动的 → move v. 使感动，打动（同义词是 touch） move sb. to tears 让某人感动得落泪 be moved by sb./sth. 被某人/物感动 The movie moved/touched us deeply. 这部电影深深地打动了我们。 The story moved the girl and her mother to tears. 这个故事让女孩和她的母亲潸然泪下。 I was deeply moved by her kind words. 我被她温柔的话语深深打动了。 · move v. 活动；移动；搬动，搬家 move around/about 四处活动 move (from...) to... （从……）搬到…… The children like to move around in the park after school. 孩子们放学后喜欢在公园里四处跑动。 The robot moved around in the house and knocked things over. 那个机器人在屋子里到处移动并打翻了东西。 A policeman asked him to move his car. 一名警察让他把车移开。 We will move from Beijing to Nanjing next year. 我们明年要从北京搬到南京。 · moving adj. 令人感动的（修饰事或物） moved adj. 感动的（修饰物） It’s a moving story about friendship. 这是一个关于友谊的感人故事 She was moved by the stranger’s help. 他被陌生人的帮助感动了。 3. Chinese people like to sit in a circle in a restaurant because it is easy for big groups to talk and reach the food in the middle. 中国人在餐馆里喜欢围成一圈就座，因为这样便于多人聚餐时交流，也方便夹取中间的食物。 · circle n. 圆圈 in a circle 围成一圈；呈圆形 The teacher drew a circle by hand. 老师用手画了一个圆圈。 We sit in a circle to play games. 我们坐成一圈玩游戏。 · circle v. 圈出；盘旋，环行，转圈 Please circle the words that you don't understand. 请圈出你不理解的词。 The Moon circles around the Earth. 月球围绕地球运行。 Seagulls circled around above his head. 海鸥在他的头顶上盘旋。 4. It is usually very peaceful inside because people have to be quiet there. 馆内通常十分安静，因为在那里大家都必须保持安静。 · peaceful adj. 安宁的，平静的；和平的，爱好和平的 → peace n. 平静；和平 → peacefully adv. 和平地；平静地 We all love peace and want to live a peaceful life. 我们都热爱和平，想过安宁的生活。 The lake is so peaceful at dawn. 黎明时分的湖面格外宁静。 The baby slept peacefully. 婴儿睡得很安稳。 China is a peaceful country. 中国是一个爱好和平的国家。 I like the peace of the countryside. 我喜欢乡村的宁静。 Let us live together in peace. 让我们和睦平静地生活在一起。 The baby is sleeping peacefully. 婴儿正平静地睡着。 We should talk with each other peacefully. 我们应该和平地互相沟通。 5. This is quite impolite because it will trouble other visitors. 这是相当不礼貌的，因为这会打扰到其他参观者。 · impolite adj. 失礼的，粗鲁的 → impolitely adv. 不礼貌地 It would be impolite to leave the party so early. 这么早离开聚会是很不礼貌的。 Don't speak to others impolitely. 不要不礼貌地跟别人说话。 · trouble vt. 麻烦；使烦恼；折磨 trouble sb. (to do sth.) 麻烦某人（做某事） May I trouble you to pass me the pen? 可以麻烦你把笔递给我吗？ She doesn’t want to trouble her parents with her small problems. 她不想拿自己的小事去烦恼父母。 May I trouble you for the salt? 麻烦您把盐递给我好吗？ · trouble n. 麻烦；烦恼；困难；问题 get into/out trouble 陷入/摆脱麻烦 be in trouble 处于困境之中 have trouble with sth. 在某方面有困难 have (no) trouble (in) doing sth 做某事（没）有困难 If you break the rules, you will get into trouble. 如果你违反规则，就会陷入麻烦。 I have trouble with my English grammar. 我英语语法学得很吃力。 She has trouble understanding the teacher. 她很难听懂老师讲课。 I have no trouble finishing my homework on time. 我准时完成作业毫无困难。 6. Chinese people sometimes greet each other by shaking hands, but British people like to greet one another with a big hug, and sometimes we greet relatives or close friends with a kiss. 中国人有时通过握手互相问候，而英国人喜欢用一个大大的拥抱来互相致意，有时候我们还会用亲吻来问候亲人或密友。 · one another 互相（在句中作宾语，强调三者及以上的互动，所有格是在其后加’s） help/support/understand one another 互相帮助/支持/理解 We should learn to understand one another. 我们要学会互相理解。 They share one another's ideas. 他们分享彼此的想法。 · each other 互相（侧重两者之间的相互关系，所有格是在其后加’s） Tom and Mary understand each other well. 汤姆和玛丽彼此很了解。 We should respect each other's differences. 我们应该尊重彼此的差异。 · hug n., vt.&vi. 拥抱（过去式和过去分词均为 hugged，现在分词为 hugging） give sb. a hug 给某人一个拥抱 get/receive a hug from sb. 得到某人的拥抱 hug sb./sth. 拥抱某人/某物 He hugged his friend warmly. 他热情地拥抱了他的朋友。 I gave him a hug when he felt sad. 他难过的时候，我给了他一个拥抱。 The boy received a hug from his father. 男孩得到了爸爸的拥抱。 She likes to hug her pillow at night. 她晚上喜欢抱着枕头。 · kiss n., vt.&vi. 亲吻 kiss + 表示身体部位的名词 kiss sb. on + 表示身体部位的名词 kiss sb. goodbye/good night 亲某人道别/道晚安 Joe looked at Amy in her bed and gave her a big kiss. 乔看着床上的埃米，给了她一个大大的吻。 The young mother kissed her daughter's forehead. 这位年轻的母亲亲吻了她女儿的额头。 She kissed him on both cheeks. 她吻了吻他的双颊。 Go and kiss your grandma good night. 去亲亲你外婆，祝她晚安。 7. Say how tasty the food is to show that you are enjoying the meal. 夸赞食物美味，以此来表明你吃得尽兴。 · tasty adj. 美味的，可口的（同义词为 delicious）→ taste n. 味道 v. 尝；有…… 味道 My parents prepare tasty dishes for me every day. 我的父母每天为我准备美味的饭菜。 The medicine has a sweet taste. 这药有一种甜甜的味道。 You can taste these dishes. 你可以尝尝这些菜。 Fast food tastes delicious, but eating it too often is bad for your health. 快餐尝起来很美味，但是经常吃对你的健康有害。 8. Do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry. 除非确实需要匆忙离开，否则切勿仓促用餐。 · rush vt.&vi. 急促；仓促行事（在句中作谓语，后可直接跟宾语，如作业、饭、决定等，强调因时间紧迫而快而做） rush sth. 匆忙做某事 rush to do sth. 赶忙做某事 We've got plenty of time; there's no need to rush. 我们还有很多时间，用不着太急促。 He got up late, so he had to rush his meal and went to school. 他起晚了，所以不得不匆匆吃完就去上学。 There was little time left, so they rushed to catch the bus. 时间所剩无几，所以他们急忙去赶公共汽车。 · rush vi. 冲，涌 He rushed out of the classroom when the bell rang. 铃响了，他冲出教室。 · unless /ənˈles/conj. 除非（引导条件状语从句，相当于 if...not；若unless引导的从句在主句前，需用逗号隔开，强调条件；如果主句为一般将来时或祈使句或主句谓语含有情态动词，unless 引导的从句常用一般现在时）固定句型：主句 + unless + 从句（肯定形式） = 主句 + if + 从句（否定形式） Unless you tell me the truth, I won't believe you. = If you don't tell me the truth, I won't believe you. 除非你告诉我真相，否则我不会相信你。 We can't finish the work unless he helps us. = We can't finish the work if he doesn't help us. 除非他帮我们，否则我们完不成这项工作。 9. When you are about to leave, say “thank you”. 当你要离开时，说一声“谢谢”。 · be about to do sth. 即将/正要做某事（强调动作发生在极短的时间内，无时间状语） He is about to answer the question.他马上就要回答这个问题。 · be going to do sth. 将要做某事（强调计划中有迹象或预兆将要发生，可接时间状语） Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.看乌云！快要下雨了。（有迹象） They are going to play basketball this afternoon.他们今天下午要去打篮球。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $