内容正文:
读后续写入门
以《新年的善举》为例
1.7.2013
同学们好!欢迎来到今天的英语课堂。今天我们要一起攻克一个非常重要的高考题型——读后续写。听起来是不是有点难?别担心,今天我们将通过一个温暖感人的故事《新年的善举》,一步步带大家走进读后续写的世界,掌握它的秘诀。准备好了吗?让我们一起开始吧!
‹#›
逻辑关系:
考查要点
题型概述
顾名思义,读后续写是一种结合阅读理解和书面表达的题型,它要求考生在阅读一段350词以内的材料后,进行续写,使续写内容与原文保持逻辑衔接,情节和结构完整。
与原文逻辑严密、情节连贯
📖 阅读能力:
📝 概括能力:
🔄 转化能力:
🗣️ 语言组织:
💡 创造性思维:
理解原文,准确把握故事的主要情节线索和人物情感关系
快速归纳原文核心信息,提炼故事主旨与关键细节
将阅读获取的有效信息,灵活转化为续写内容的素材
运用准确、丰富的词汇和多样句式,流畅表达续写内容
基于原文逻辑进行合理想象与拓展,构思新颖的情节
1.7.2013
首先,我们来了解一下什么是读后续写。简单来说,它就是“阅读”和“写作”的结合体。你需要先读懂一个故事,然后根据故事的开头,发挥你的想象力,把故事接着写下去。这不仅考察我们的阅读能力,更考验我们的创造力和逻辑思维。大家看屏幕上的这些考查要点,这正是我们这节课要重点训练的能力。
‹#›
It was a pleasant New Year's morning. Edward rose, washed and dressed himself quickly. He wanted to be the first to wish everyone a happy New Year. He looked in every room, and shouted the words of welcome. He ran into the street to repeat them to those he might meet.
When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars. His face lit up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore.
He left the house with a light heart, intending to buy the books. As he ran down the street, he saw a poor German family, the father, mother, and three children shivering with cold. He gave them his dollars, and their eyes sparkled with gratitude.
Edward left them, feeling a delight he couldn't have felt buying books. Back home, he told his father he gave the money to the hungry and cold poor. His father praised him, saying, "Be kind to others, and you will be happy," and rewarded him with a bundle of books.
真题展示:《新年的善举》
题型特点
通常以记叙文为主,情节多曲折动人,故事线索的逻辑性较强。
续写的部分往往是故事发展的高潮或结局,需要考生发挥丰富的想象力和创造力,进行合理构思。
1.7.2013
这就是我们今天要分析的故事——《新年的善举》。大家快速阅读一下,感受一下故事的氛围。读完后,我们来总结一下这类题目的特点。大家看右边,这类故事通常是记叙文,情节很吸引人,而且需要我们续写的部分,往往是故事最精彩的高潮或者结局,这就需要我们打开脑洞,合理想象。
‹#›
Step 1:读:
解读语篇
when: __________________
where: __________________
who: __________________
what: __________________
why: __________________
how: __________________
六要素
理清情节与情感变化
分析人物性格特点
明确故事主题寓意
品味文本语言风格
浅层信息获取
深层文本解读
时态
Tense: __________________
一般过去时
读大意,划要素
1.7.2013
如何高效地“读”呢?我们可以从两个层面入手。浅层信息,就是找出故事的六要素和时态,这是故事的骨架。深层解读,则需要我们深入挖掘人物性格、情节情感、故事主题和语言风格,这是故事的血肉。只有把骨架和血肉都搞清楚了,我们才能真正走进故事。
‹#›
故事回顾与要点分析
新年早上,Edward从爸爸那里得到了两块银元,他本来想去买书。但在路上,他看到一户很穷的德国家庭,他们又冷又饿。善良的Edward把钱都给了他们,然后开心地回家了。
📖 故事大意
1.7.2013
我们快速回顾一下故事。Edward把钱给了穷人,自己感到非常快乐。现在,故事的关键人物是善良的Edward、我们推测会很开明的父亲,以及那户贫穷的家庭。故事的核心冲突已经从Edward内心的挣扎,转变为他如何面对父亲的询问。而整个故事的主题,就是善良与给予带来的快乐。这些都是我们续写的基础。
‹#›
人物
character/who
👦 Edward
善良的, 大方的
kind, generous
👨 Edward's father
善解人意的
understanding,considerate
👨👩👧 a poor German family
贫穷的
poor
1.7.2013
我们快速回顾一下故事。Edward把钱给了穷人,自己感到非常快乐。现在,故事的关键人物是善良的Edward、我们推测会很开明的父亲,以及那户贫穷的家庭。故事的核心冲突已经从Edward内心的挣扎,转变为他如何面对父亲的询问。而整个故事的主题,就是善良与给予带来的快乐。这些都是我们续写的基础。
‹#›
When:
a pleasant New Year's morning
Where:
in the street
What:
Edward gave his money to a poor family instead of buying books.
Why:
He was sympathetic to their suffering from cold and hunger.
How:
?
理清情节和情感
梳理情节的利器:
“故事山”模型
Background
Climax
Resolution
背景与人物:
Edward gets money, plans to buy books
情节发展 (Rising):
Edward meets the poor family
矛盾与高潮:
Edward decides to give money away
解决冲突:
The family is grateful, Edward feels delighted
结局 (Ending):
Edward returns home
故事主题:
?
Theme
Ending
1.7.2013
‹#›
猜猜故事会怎么发展?
🤔 故事会怎么发展呢?
方向一:诚实路线
Edward马上告诉爸爸全部真相。他可能有点紧张,但解释了他怎么帮助了那家人。爸爸会说什么呢?“你这傻孩子!”还是“我真为你骄傲!”?
方向二:犹豫路线
Edward有点害怕,不知道怎么说。他可能会低头看鞋,脸红,说话结巴。爸爸会先生气,还是会温柔地问?
方向三:创意路线
Edward不直接回答,而是描述德国家庭开心的样子,然后问爸爸:“爸爸,你觉得压岁钱怎么花最好?”这是个聪明的说法吗?
小组讨论:你觉得哪个方向最有意思?为什么?请和搭档分享你的想法。
1.7.2013
这里有三个可能的方向。第一条路,诚实直接;第二条路,犹豫忐忑;第三条路,巧妙引导。大家可以和同桌讨论一下,你更喜欢哪个方向?为什么?记住,无论选择哪个方向,都要符合Edward善良、纯真的性格哦。
‹#›
理清情节和情感
梳理情节的利器:
“故事山”模型
Background
Climax
Resolution
背景与人物:
Edward gets money, plans to buy books
情节发展 (Rising):
Edward meets the poor family
矛盾与高潮:
Edward decides to give money away
解决冲突:
The family is grateful, Edward feels delighted
结局 (Ending):
Edward returns home
故事主题:
Kindness is rewarding
Theme
Ending
1.7.2013
‹#›
Step 2:定:
03
01
原文一致原则
• 内容要前后衔接,上下连贯
• 语言表达风格一致
• 不能添加人物
三大原则
02
正能量原则
故事应有积极向上的主题,传递正向价值观
曲折性原则
故事应有跌宕起伏,人物会遇到困难或问题,但最终能克服并解决。
定情节,定框架
1.7.2013
在“定”情节的时候,我们要遵循三个原则。第一,要和原文保持一致,包括内容、风格,不能随意添加新人物。第二,要传递正能量,高考作文非常看重这一点。第三,情节要有一点曲折,不能平铺直叙,这样才更吸引人。
‹#›
第一步:搭好“情节桥”
💡 写作小贴士
像搭积木一样,把你的想法
一块一块连接起来!
💡 核心含义
意思是:让你的故事和原文、开头句连接自然,不要突然跳走。
📝 三步走策略
1.用上开头句:这是你的起点。
2.回忆结尾:原文最后Edward是“delighted”(高兴的)。你的第一段要写出这种心情,就算他有点紧张。
3.展示,不要直接说:不写“Edward很紧张。”,要写“Edward进门时,心跳开始有点快。”(用动作和身体反应来表现心情)。
✨ 优秀示例对比
🚫 平淡:Edward paused and looked at his father.
✅ 生动:When Edward came home, his father asked him what books he had bought. Edward paused for a moment, a shy but happy smile on his face. He put his hands behind his back and looked at his father.(这同时写出了他的犹豫和开心)
1.7.2013
第一步,搭好“情节桥”。这意味着你的续写要和原文无缝衔接。要充分利用给出的开头句,并回忆原文的结尾情绪。最重要的是,要用动作和细节来“展示”人物的心情,而不是简单地“告诉”读者。比如,不说紧张,而是写心跳加速。
‹#›
第二步:点亮“情感灯”
💡 意思是:让你写的人物有感情。没有感情的故事就像没有阳光的日子。
怎么做:用 “Show, Don't Tell (展示而非讲述)” 的方法,让读者感同身受。
动作:
“他挠了挠头/低下头。”
→ 紧张
“他高兴地跳起来。”
→ 兴奋
面部表情:
• “他眼睛一亮。”
→ 开心/兴奋
• “他咬着嘴唇。”
→ 担忧
对话:
• “我……我没买书,爸爸。”Edward咕哝着说。
→ 犹豫
• “我亲爱的孩子!”爸爸大声说,拍着他的肩膀。
→ 骄傲和慈爱
1.7.2013
第二步,点亮“情感灯”。一个好故事必须充满真情实感。我们要学会通过人物的动作、表情和对话来展现他们的内心世界。比如,挠头代表紧张,眼睛发光代表兴奋。通过这些细节,让你的读者感同身受。
‹#›
品味语言风格
📝 写作技巧解析:
01. 具体与形象 (Specific & Vivid)
摒弃抽象的形容词堆砌,使用具体的名词与动词来描绘场景和动作,能让读者脑海中立刻浮现画面,增强故事的代入感。
02. 动作传情 (Show, Don't Tell)
避免直白地写“他很紧张”或“她很感激”,而是通过对人物肢体语言、神态的描写,让读者自己去体会和推断人物的内心情感,使情感表达更加含蓄且有力量。
💡 启示:在你的读后续写中,尝试模仿这种风格,用“细节描写”替代“概括叙述”,让故事更精彩!
✨ 具体与形象
通过具体的细节描写,为读者构建清晰的画面感,拒绝笼统的表述。
e.g., "shivering with cold" (冻得发抖)
"eyes sparkled with gratitude" (眼中闪着感激的光芒)
✨ 通过动作表达情感
用可见的动作外化不可见的心理活动,将紧张、焦虑、挣扎等情绪具象化。
e.g., "looked at them over and over"
(反复地看着他们,展现内心的纠结与挣扎)
01
02
1.7.2013
我们再来品味一下原文的语言风格。作者用词非常具体和形象,比如“shivering with cold”让我们仿佛看到了那家人在寒风中发抖的样子。同时,作者通过动作来表达情感,比如爱德华“反复地看着他们”,这个动作就细腻地展现了他内心的挣扎。这些都是我们在写作中可以学习的技巧。
‹#›
Step 3:写
语言风格一致
具体与形象
使用了具体的词汇来描述场景和人物行为,使画面更生动。
通过动作表达情感
不直白写心情,而是通过描述人物的行为细节,含蓄地表达情感。
动作链与叙事风格
多用动作链增强故事连贯性;以描述性文字为主,几乎不直接使用对话。
Para 1:When Edward came home, his father asked him what books he had bought.
He hung his head, twisting his fingers nervously, with his heart pounding wildly.
Taking a deep breath to calm himself down, he decided to gather the courage to tell his father the truth.
🤔 How did I feel?
nervous & hesitant
💪 How did I feel?
honest & determined
1.7.2013
在第一段中,爱德华的情感变化是重点。从一开始的紧张犹豫,比如“低下头,紧张地绞着手指”,到后来下定决心说出真相。我们可以用一些高级的表达来描绘他的心理活动,比如“一阵如释重负的感觉涌上心头”。写作时,请注意保持语言风格的一致,多用具体的动作描写,少用直接的对话,让读者从细节中感受到人物的情感。
‹#›
Step 3:写
语言风格一致
具体与形象
使用了具体的词汇来描述场景和人物行为,避免抽象概括。
通过动作表达情感
通过对人物肢体动作、神态等的刻画,间接表达人物的情感。
01
02
动作链:增强连贯性
连接动作,让故事节奏更流畅
无对话:侧重叙述
以描述性语言为主,推动情节
03
04
Para 1:When Edward came home, his father asked him what books he had bought.
Q: What did he say?
Sample:Edward lowered his headand said softly that he had met a poor family andgiven awaythe money to them.
📝 语料积累
一把抓住 =grab
猛冲去 =rush to
描写动作时,可以组合使用“动作链”来丰富画面感,例如:
Hegrabbed his schoolbag and rushed to his father's side to explain.
他一把抓起书包,冲到父亲身边解释起来。
He explained that he met a poor family and gave them the money.
💡 思路提示:可以加入肢体动作描写,来表现爱德华回答时的语气和神态。
1.7.2013
接着,爱德华需要向父亲解释事情的经过。他会怎么说呢?他会解释他遇到了一个贫困的家庭,并把钱给了他们。我们可以用一些动作描写来让这个过程更生动,比如描述他如何急切地向父亲说明情况。
‹#›
范文 (Para 1)
When Edward came home, his father asked him what books he had bought. Edward hesitated for a moment,twisting his coat nervously.
He felt a lump in his throat and didn't know how to explain. With his eyes fixed on the floor, he mumbled, "Dad, I... I didn't buy any books."
Taking a deep breath, he finally plucked up the courage to tell his father the whole story. He explained how he had met the poor German family shivering in the cold street and how they were suffering from hunger.
Although he didn't get the books he had longed for, he believed he had done the right thing, and a warm glow of happiness filled his heart.
1.7.2013
这是第一段的参考范文。大家看,它详细地描述了爱德华的紧张、犹豫,以及最终下定决心坦白的过程。通过动作和心理描写,生动地展现了人物的内心世界,并且紧扣原文的情节和主题。
‹#›
范文 :(Paragraph 2)
"My dear boy, I saw you give the money to the poor German family," said the father. A warm smile spread across his father's face. Edward looked up in surprise, his eyes wide.
"You did a wonderful thing, my boy," his father said, patting him gently on the shoulder. "Money can buy books, but it can't buy the happiness of helping others. True wealth lies in a compassionate heart."
To Edward's joy, his father took out a whole bundle of books from his study. "These are for you, as a reward for your goodness of heart," he said.
Edward's heart was filled with happiness and gratitude. He realized that the New Year couldn't have started in a better way, and he had learned themost precious lesson of all.
1.7.2013
这是第二段的参考范文。父亲的话充满了智慧和爱,他不仅表扬了爱德华,还借此机会教育他善良的价值。最终,爱德华得到了书籍作为奖励,内心充满了幸福和感激。这个结尾温暖而有力,完美地完成了整个故事。
‹#›
THANK YOU!
Keep Practicing & Reading
期待你的进步 · 读后续写
1.7.2013
好了,同学们,今天的读后续写入门课就到这里。希望通过今天的学习,大家对读后续写有了更清晰的认识和更足的信心。记住“读、定、写”三步法,多阅读,多练习,相信大家一定能攻克这个难关!谢谢大家!
‹#›
$