小升初名词核心（专项训练）-2025-2026学年人教PEP版（2012）英语六年级下册

英语名词核心专项训练-2025-2026学年全题型特训 第一部分：小升初英语名词必背核心知识点（做题必记，刷题零出错） 一、名词基本概念与分类（做题判断第一步） 名词就是表示人、事物、地点、名称、抽象概念的单词，简单说就是所有“叫得出名字”的词都叫名词。小学及小升初阶段名词只需要掌握两大分类：可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词就是可以直接数数的人或物品，一个一个数得清清楚楚，比如book书、pen钢笔、student学生、bag书包；不可数名词就是不能直接一个个数、没有单数复数变化、不能直接加a/an、不能直接加s的名词，比如water水、milk牛奶、rice米饭、bread面包、meat肉、juice果汁、tea茶、money钱、weather天气。做题第一步先判断名词可数还是不可数，判断对了，单复数、冠词、修饰词全部不会错，所有名词题型迎刃而解，是小升初做题最核心解题秘诀。 二、可数名词单数变复数规则变化（小升初填空单选必考） 1. 一般常规可数名词：直接在单词末尾加s，读音清晰简单，考试最基础。例：book-books（书）、pen-pens（钢笔）、desk-desks（课桌）、bag-bags（书包）、student-students（学生）。2. 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词：末尾加es，小升初高频考点，拼写最爱考。例：bus-buses（公交车）、box-boxes（盒子）、brush-brushes（刷子）、watch-watches（手表）。3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词：变y为i，再加es，易错高频点，学生最容易写错。例：city-cities（城市）、family-families（家庭）、baby-babies（婴儿）、country-countries（国家）。4. 以f/fe结尾的名词：变f/fe为v，再加es，小升初拔高考点。例：knife-knives（小刀）、leaf-leaves（树叶）。5. 以o结尾名词：有生命加es，无生命加s，记忆口诀必考。有生命加es：tomato-tomatoes西红柿、potato-potatoes土豆；无生命加s：photo-photos照片、piano-pianos钢琴、radio-radios收音机。以上规则变化是小升初名词填空、单选拼写核心考点，必须熟记默写，做题不写错复数形式。 三、可数名词不规则复数变化（小升初必考默写，无规则必须死记） 不规则名词复数不按规则变形，单词拼写直接变化，没有规律，小升初考试必考单选和填空，必须逐个背诵默写。1. 单复数字形大变：man-men男人、woman-women女人、child-children孩子、foot-feet脚；英尺、tooth-teeth牙齿、mouse-mice老鼠。2. 单复数同形不变形（单数复数长得一模一样）：sheep绵羊、deer鹿、fish鱼（表示条数时单复同形）。这类不规则复数是小升初高频易错重难点，单选必考辨析，填空必考拼写，写错直接扣分，必须反复记忆刷题巩固。 四、不可数名词核心做题规则（考试最容易丢分点） 1. 不可数名词永远没有复数形式，后面绝对不能加s/es，一加就错；2. 不可数名词前面不能直接加a/an，不能说a water、a rice；3. 不可数名词数量表达要用量词，例：a glass of water一杯水、two bowls of rice两碗米饭；4. 修饰词固定搭配：可数名词用many、few、a few修饰；不可数名词用much、little、a little修饰；some、any可数不可数都能修饰；5. 不可数名词作主语，后面be动词统一用is/was，谓语动词用单数形式。牢记不可数名词做题五大铁律，单选填空不再丢分。 五、名词所有格用法（小升初句型单选必考，表“……的”） 名词所有格表示所属关系，翻译为“……的”。1. 单数名词和不以s结尾复数名词：直接加’s，例：Tom’s book汤姆的书、children’s toys孩子们的玩具；2. 以s结尾的复数名词：直接加’，例：the students’ books学生们的书、the teachers’ office教师办公室；3. 共同拥有只在最后一个名词加’s，分别拥有每个名词都加’s。所有格是小升初单选和句型转换高频考点，必须分清’s和’用法区别，做题不混淆。 第二部分：小升初名词十大专项强化练习题（单选+填空为主，题型超多全覆盖） 题型一：名词单数变复数变形专项默写 写出下列名词的正确复数形式，按规则变化书写，不规则名词单独记忆，拼写规范，不漏写字母。 1. book ________ 2. pen ________ 3. desk ________ 4. bag ________ 5. student ________ 6. teacher ________ 7. school ________ 8. room ________ 9. bus ________ 10. box ________ 11. watch ________ 12. brush ________ 13. city ________ 14. family ________ 15. baby ________ 16. country ________ 17. knife ________ 18. leaf ________ 19. tomato ________ 20. potato ________ 21. photo ________ 22. piano ________ 23. radio ________ 24. zoo ________ 25. man ________ 26. woman ________ 27. child ________ 28. foot ________ 29. tooth ________ 30. mouse ________ 31. sheep ________ 32. deer ________ 33. fruit ________ 34. day ________ 35. name ________ 36. map ________ 37. class ________ 38. glass ________ 39. dress ________ 40. bus ________ 41. story ________ 42. party ________ 43. factory ________ 44. library ________ 45. shelf ________ 46. wolf ________ 47. life ________ 48. half ________ 49. boy ________ 50. girl ________ 51. apple ________ 52. banana ________ 53. orange ________ 54. pear ________ 55. egg ________ 56. cake ________ 57. toy ________ 58. key ________ 59. picture ________ 60. notebook ________ 题型二：可数/不可数名词分类填空（基础判断专攻） 将下列名词按要求分类，只填序号，巩固可数不可数名词判断能力，做题不混淆。 ①water ②book ③milk ④pen ⑤rice ⑥bread ⑦student ⑧teacher ⑨juice ⑩meat ⑪bag ⑫desk ⑬tea ⑭money ⑮weather ⑯apple ⑰banana ⑱egg ⑲cake ⑳sheep 可数名词：________________________________________不可数名词：______________________________________ 根据句意用所给名词适当形式填空，注意单复数和不可数规则。 1. I have many ________ (book) in my schoolbag. 2. There is some ________ (water) in the glass. 3. She has two ________ (pen) and three pencils. 4. We need some ________ (rice) for lunch. 5. The ________ (student) are in the classroom. 6. There is some ________ (milk) on the table. 7. I like eating ________ (cake) very much. 8. There are five ________ (apple) on the plate. 9. We can see some ________ (sheep) on the farm. 10. There is much ________ (juice) in the bottle. 11. My mother buys many ________ (tomato) today. 12. I have two ________ (child) in my family. 13. The ________ (leaf) are yellow in autumn. 14. There are three ________ (box) on the desk. 15. We have some ________ (potato) for dinner. 16. The ________ (man) are workers. 17. The ________ (woman) are teachers. 18. I have many ________ (family) photos. 19. There are some ________ (baby) in the room. 20. We take many ________ (photo) in the park. 题型三：名词所有格专项填空（30题，小升初语法必考） 根据句意，用所给名词的正确所有格形式填空，表“……的”，规范书写’s和’。 1. This is ________ (Tom) book. 2. That is the ________ (student) classroom. 3. These are the ________ (teacher) desks. 4. This is ________ (Amy) pencil-box. 5. The ________ (children) toys are very nice. 6. This is my ________ (mother) bag. 7. That is my ________ (father) office. 8. These are the ________ (girl) schoolbags. 9. This is the ________ (boys) basketball. 10. The ________ (woman) hats are red. 11. This is ________ (Mike) and ________ (John) room.（共同拥有） 12. These are ________ (Mike) and ________ (John) bags.（分别拥有） 13. The ________ (cat) tail is long. 14. The ________ (dogs) food is on the floor. 15. This is the ________ (school) library. 16. That is the ________ (class) door. 17. These are the ________ (family) photos. 18. This is my ________ (sister) new dress. 19. The ________ (man) shoes are black. 20. The ________ (people) park is big. 21. This is ________ (Lily) desk. 22. Those are the ________ (pupil) books. 23. The ________ (teacher) office is clean. 24. My ________ (brother) room is small. 25. The ________ (baby) toys are cute. 26. This is the ________ (city) park. 27. These are the ________ (country) flags. 28. The ________ (sheep) wool is white. 29. This is the ________ (child) book. 30. The ________ (woman) bags are heavy. 题型四：小升初名词单项选择题（60题，高频易错核心专攻） 每题只有一个正确答案，将序号填在括号内，专攻名词单复数、可数不可数、所有格、修饰词辨析，小升初真题同源题型。 1. I have three ______ on my desk. ( ) A. book B. books C. bookes 2. There is some ______ in the cup. ( ) A. water B. waters C. a water 3. These ______ are my good friends. ( ) A. student B. students C. studentes 4. She has two ______ and five pencils. ( ) A. pen B. pens C. penes 5. There are many ______ on the farm. ( ) A. sheep B. sheeps C. sheepes 6. This is ______ bag. ( ) A. Tom B. Tom’s C. Toms 7. The ______ are playing football now. ( ) A. child B. children C. childs 8. There are three ______ on the table. ( ) A. box B. boxes C. boxs 9. I like eating ______. It’s good for me. ( ) A. rice B. rices C. a rice 10. How many ______ do you have? ( ) A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos 11. There is much ______ in the fridge. ( ) A. milk B. milks C. a milk 12. These ______ are very beautiful. ( ) A. leaf B. leaves C. leafs 13. That is the ______ office. ( ) A. teacher B. teachers’ C. teacher’s 14. Two ______ are coming to our school. ( ) A. man B. men C. mans 15. I have some ______ for dinner. ( ) A. potato B. potatoes C. potatos 16. There ______ some water in the glass. ( ) A. is B. are C. am 17. There ______ many books in my bag. ( ) A. is B. are C. am 18. This is ______ and ______ bedroom. ( ) A. Lucy; Lily B. Lucy’s; Lily’s C. Lucy; Lily’s 19. Those are ______ bags. ( ) A. the girls B. the girls’ C. the girl’s 20. I have a lot of ______ in my schoolbag. ( ) A. notebook B. notebooks C. notebookes 21. There are many ______ in the city. ( ) A. family B. families C. familys 22. The ______ teeth are sharp. ( ) A. mouse B. mice C. mouses 23. I take many ______ in the park. ( ) A. photo B. photos C. photoes 24. She has two cute ______. ( ) A. baby B. babies C. babys 25. We need some ______ for breakfast. ( ) A. bread B. breads C. a bread 26. How many ______ are there in your class? ( ) A. student B. students C. studentes 27. There is ______ apple on the desk. ( ) A. a B. an C. the 28. This is ______ useful book. ( ) A. a B. an C. / 29. The ______ are big and red. ( ) A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos 30. My ______ name is Mike. ( ) A. brother B. brother’s C. brothers’ 31. There are five ______ in the room. ( ) A. woman B. women C. womans 32. I drink some ______ every morning. ( ) A. juice B. juices C. a juice 33. These ______ are very nice. ( ) A. knife B. knives C. knifes 34. We have many ______ in our school. ( ) A. class B. classes C. classs 35. The ______ tails are long. ( ) A. wolf B. wolves C. wolfs 36. There is little ______ in the bottle. ( ) A. tea B. teas C. a tea 37. How much ______ do you have? ( ) A. money B. moneys C. a money 38. The ______ weather is fine today. ( ) A. a B. an C. / 39. These are my ______ toys. ( ) A. child B. children’s C. childs’ 40. This pair of ______ is new. ( ) A. shoe B. shoes C. shoees 41. I have two ______ of rice. ( ) A. bowl B. bowls C. bowlss 42. There are three ______ of water on the table. ( ) A. glass B. glasses C. glasss 43. Many ______ come to the park every day. ( ) A. people B. peoples C. a people 44. The ______ are working hard. ( ) A. man B. men C. mans 45. She likes ______ very much. ( ) A. cake B. cakes C. cakees 46. There are some ______ on the tree. ( ) A. orange B. oranges C. orangees 47. My mother buys two ______. ( ) A. potato B. potatoes C. potatos 48. The ______ classroom is big. ( ) A. students B. students’ C. student’s 49. This is ______ new pencil. ( ) A. I B. my C. me 50. There ______ a sheep on the grass. ( ) A. is B. are C. am 51. There ______ two sheep on the grass. ( ) A. is B. are C. am 52. I have many ______ storybooks. ( ) A. child B. children C. childs 53. The ______ office is near our classroom. ( ) A. teacher B. teacher’s C. teachers’ 54. We visit many ______ every year. ( ) A. country B. countries C. countrys 55. The ______ are yellow and beautiful. ( ) A. leaf B. leaves C. leafs 56. I need some ______ and ______. ( ) A. rice; eggs B. rices; egg C. rice; egg 57. How many ______ can you see? ( ) A. deer B. deers C. deeres 58. There is ______ milk and two eggs. ( ) A. some B. many C. a 59. These ______ are my favourite. ( ) A. toy B. toys C. toyes 60. My ______ schoolbag is heavy. ( ) A. sister B. sister’s C. sisters’ 题型五：名词判断正误改错题（20题，纠错巩固，扫清易错点） 判断句子名词用法是否正确，对打√，错打×，重点纠正单复数、所有格、可数不可数错误。 1. I have two bookes.（ ） 2. There is some water in the cup.（ ） 3. The childs are playing games.（ ） 4. These are Tom’s books.（ ） 5. I eat some rices every day.（ ） 6. There are many sheep on the farm.（ ） 7. The womens are teachers.（ ） 8. This is the teachers’ office.（ ） 9. I take many photoes in the park.（ ） 10. There are three boxes on the desk.（ ） 11. The leafs are green in spring.（ ） 12. We have many families photos.（ ） 13. There is much milk in the fridge.（ ） 14. How many tomatos do you have?（ ） 15. The children’s toys are cute.（ ） 16. There are two mans in the room.（ ） 17. I have a lot of notebooks.（ ） 18. The breads are delicious.（ ） 19. These are the girls’ schoolbags.（ ） 20. There is an apple on the desk.（ ） 题型六：短文名词综合填空（15空，小升初综合培优运用） 阅读短文，用括号内所给名词的适当形式填空，单复数、所有格、可数不可数综合运用。 This is my ________ (family). We have many ________ (book) and ________ (toy) at home. My father is a ________ (teacher). The ________ (teacher) office is near our home. My mother likes cooking ________ (rice) and ________ (potato). I have two ________ (child) in my family, my brother and me. My ________ (brother) room is big. There are many ________ (sheep) pictures on the wall. I take many ________ (photo) every weekend. The ________ (leaf) on the tree are beautiful. We drink some ________ (juice) every day. These are my ________ (friend) gifts. I like my ________ (family) life very much. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 名词专项训练标准答案 1、 名词单复数变形答案： 1) · book books 2) · pen pens 3) · desk desks 4) · bag bags 5) · student students 6) · teacher teachers 7) · school schools 8) · room rooms 9) · bus buses 10) · box boxes 11) · watch watches 12) · brush brushes 13) · city cities 14) · family families 15) · baby babies 16) · country countries 17) · knife knives 18) · leaf leaves 19) · tomato tomatoes 20) · potato potatoes 21) · photo photos 22) · piano pianos 23) · radio radios 24) · zoo zoos 25) · man men 26) · woman women 27) · child children 28) · foot feet 29) · tooth teeth 30) · mouse mice 31) · sheep sheep 32) · deer deer 33) · fruit fruits 34) · day days 35) · name names 36) · map maps 37) · class classes 38) · glass glasses 39) · dress dresses 40) · bus buses 41) · story stories 42) · party parties 43) · factory factories 44) · library libraries 45) · shelf shelves 46) · wolf wolves 47) · life lives 48) · half halves 49) · boy boys 50) · girl girls 51) · apple apples 52) · banana bananas 53) · orange oranges 54) · pear pears 55) · egg eggs 56) · cake cakes 57) · toy toys 58) · key keys 59) · picture pictures 60) · notebook notebooks 二、可数不可数分类+填空答案：可数名词：②④⑦⑧⑪⑫⑯⑰⑱⑲⑳；不可数名词：①③⑤⑥⑨⑩⑬⑭⑮； 1. · books 2. · water 3. · pens 4. · rice 5. · students 6. · milk 7. · cakes 8. · apples 9. · sheep 10. · juice 11. · tomatoes 12. · children 13. · leaves 14. · boxes 15. · potatoes 16. · men 17. · women 18. · family 19. · babies 20. · photos 三、名词所有格填空答案： 1． · Tom’s 2． · students’ 3． · teachers’ 4． · Amy’s 5． · children’s 6． · mother’s 7． · father’s 8． · girls’ 9． · boys’ 10． · women’s 11． · Mike; John’s 12． · Mike’s; John’s 13． · cat’s 14． · dogs’ 15． · school’s 16． · class’s 17． · family’s 18． · sister’s 19． · men’s 20． · people’s 21． · Lily’s 22． · pupils’ 23． · teachers’ 24． · brother’s 25． · babies’ 26． · city’s 27． · countries’ 28． · sheep’s 29． · child’s 30． · women’s 四、单项选择题答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.C 19.B 20.B 21.B 22.B 23.B 24.B 25.A 26.B 27.B 28.A 29.B 30.B 31.B 32.A 33.B 34.B 35.B 36.A 37.A 38.C 39.B 40.B 41.B 42.B 43.A 44.B 45.B 46.B 47.B 48.B 49.B 50.A 51.B 52.B 53.C 54.B 55.B 56.A 57.A 58.A 59.B 60.B。 五、判断题答案：1.× 2.√ 3.× 4.√ 5.× 6.√ 7.× 8.√ 9.× 10.√ 11.× 12.× 13.√ 14.× 15.√ 16.× 17.√ 18.× 19.√ 20.√。 六、短文综合填空答案：family, books, toys, teacher, teachers’, rice, potatoes, children, brother’s, sheep, photos, leaves, juice, friends’, family。 $