Unit 5 Nature's Temper知识点总结及练习2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 5“Nature's Temper”单元卷，围绕自然灾害主题整合核心词汇、语法及句型，通过词汇、语法、综合运用专项练习巩固单元知识，培养语言能力与思维品质，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----|----| |词汇类练习|2大题（15小题）|核心词汇（violent, shelter等）、动词短语（warn sb. of sth.等）|结合自然灾害情境考查词形转换，强化语言运用能力| |语法类练习|2大题（14小题）|现在完成时、一般过去时、不定式to do表目的|通过单选与句型转换区分时态差异，提升思维品质| |综合运用练习|1大题（5小题）|重点句型（警告句型、目的句型等）|创设真实应急场景，考查知识综合应用，贴近真题趋势|

Unit 5 Nature's Temper 知识点总结 一、单元核心知识点梳理 （一）核心词汇 1. 自然灾害相关（核心必记） storm（暴风雨）、flood（洪水）、violent（猛烈的；狂暴的）、shelter（避难所）、damage（损害；损坏）、rescue（营救；救援）、disaster（灾难）、emergency（紧急情况）、collapse（倒塌）、panic（恐慌）、supply（供应品；物资） 2. 动作与防护相关 warn（警告；提醒）、protect（保护）、prepare（准备）、experience（经历）、realize（意识到）、discuss（讨论）、guide（指导）、rescue（营救）、repair（修理；修复）、avoid（避免）、prevent（阻止） 3. 动词及短语（必考点） warn sb. of sth.（警告某人某事）、protect...from...（保护……免受……）、prepare for（为……做准备）、in advance（提前）、take action（采取行动）、deal with（应对；处理）、run away from（逃离）、try one’s best to do sth.（尽某人最大努力做某事）、cause damage to（对……造成损害）、stay calm（保持冷静）、in danger（处于危险中） 4. 基础副词与形容词 calmly（冷静地）、violently（猛烈地）、clearly（清楚地）、seriously（严重地）、suddenly（突然地）、calm（冷静的）、dangerous（危险的）、important（重要的）、necessary（必要的）、meaningful（有意义的） （二）核心语法 1. 现在完成时（核心重点） • 表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态，或过去的动作对现在造成的影响，常与since（自从）、for（持续……时间）、so far（到目前为止）、already（已经）、yet（还；尚未）等词连用； 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 + 其他（如：Many people have been rescued from the flooded area so far. 到目前为止，许多人已从洪水灾区被救出。）； 否定句：主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 动词过去分词 + 其他（如：We haven’t finished preparing for the coming storm yet. 我们还没有完成对即将到来的暴风雨的准备。）； 疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词 + 其他？（回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. / No, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t.）（如：Have you experienced a storm before? Yes, I have. 你以前经历过暴风雨吗？是的，我经历过。）； • 拓展：since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时（如：I have known how to keep safe during a flood since my uncle taught me. 自从我叔叔教我以后，我就知道如何在洪水中保护自己了。）。 2. 一般过去时（重点） • 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，谓语动词用过去式，常与last night、last weekend、when I was 13 years old、yesterday等时间状语连用（如：A violent storm hit our city last night and blew down many trees. 昨晚一场猛烈的暴风雨袭击了我们的城市，吹倒了许多树。）； • 注意与现在完成时的区别：一般过去时强调过去的动作本身，不强调对现在的影响；现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响或持续到现在的状态（如：He rescued a little girl from the flood last week. 他上周从洪水中救了一个小女孩。/ He has rescued three people from the flood, so he is praised by everyone. 他已经从洪水中救了三个人，所以受到了大家的表扬。）。 3. 不定式to do表目的（核心重点） • 表示“做某事的目的”，结构为“主语 + 动词 + 其他 + to do sth.”（如：We prepare emergency supplies to deal with natural disasters. 我们准备应急物资以应对自然灾害。）； • 常见搭配：warn sb. to stay indoors（警告某人待在室内）、prepare food and water to survive（准备食物和水以求生存）、learn safety knowledge to protect ourselves（学习安全知识以保护自己）。 4. 词性辨析（易错点） • warn（动词，警告）vs warning（名词，警告）：warn作谓语，warning作主语或宾语（如：The teacher warned us not to go out during the storm. 老师警告我们暴风雨期间不要出去。/ The weather report gave a warning about the coming flood. 天气预报对即将到来的洪水发出了警告。）； • danger（名词，危险）vs dangerous（形容词，危险的）：danger作主语或宾语，dangerous修饰名词（如：There is great danger in the flooded area. 洪水灾区存在很大危险。/ It’s dangerous to play near the river during heavy rain. 大雨期间在河边玩耍很危险。）； • prepare（动词，准备）vs preparation（名词，准备）：prepare作谓语，preparation作主语或宾语，常与the搭配（如：We need to prepare for the storm quickly. 我们需要快速为暴风雨做准备。/ The preparation for natural disasters is very important. 自然灾害的准备工作非常重要。）。 （三）重点句型 1. 警告句型：The weather report warned us of...（天气预报警告我们……。）（如：The weather report warned us of a violent storm coming tomorrow. 天气预报警告我们明天将有一场猛烈的暴风雨。）。 2. 过去与现在对比句型：I used to be afraid of..., but now I...（我过去害怕……，但现在我……。）（如：I used to be afraid of floods, but now I know how to keep safe in them. 我过去害怕洪水，但现在我知道如何在洪水中保护自己。）。 3. 目的句型：Sb. does sth. to do sth.（某人为了做某事而做某事。）（如：The rescue workers tried their best to save the people trapped in the collapsed house. 救援人员尽最大努力拯救被困在倒塌房屋里的人。）。 4. 方式句型：Sb. does sth. by doing sth.（某人通过做某事来做另一件事。）（如：We can keep safe during a storm by staying indoors. 我们可以通过待在室内在暴风雨中保持安全。）。 5. 固定句型：It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说，做某事是……的。）（如：It’s necessary for us to learn how to deal with natural disasters. 对我们来说，学习如何应对自然灾害是很有必要的。）。 6. 询问方式句型：—How do people keep safe during...? —They keep safe by...（—人们在……期间如何保持安全？—他们通过……保持安全。）（如：—How do people keep safe during a flood? —They keep safe by going to a high shelter. —人们在洪水中如何保持安全？—他们通过去高处的避难所保持安全。）。 二、考点专项练习 （一）词汇类练习 1. 根据句意及汉语提示，填写单词的正确形式 （1）A ______（猛烈的）storm hit our town last night, causing great damage to the houses. （2）People in the flooded area had to stay in a ______（避难所）for several days. （3）The weather report ______（警告）us of the coming flood and asked us to prepare in advance. （4）The rescue team tried their best to ______（营救）the people trapped in the collapsed building. （5）The heavy rain caused a big ______（洪水）, making many people lose their homes. （6）We should stay ______（冷静的）when we are in danger during a natural disaster. （7）The storm did great ______（损害）to the crops, and farmers felt very sad. 2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 （1）My brother ______（experience）a small flood when he was 12 years old. （2）We ______（learn）how to protect ourselves during natural disasters since we started this unit. （3）The teacher often ______（warn）us not to go out alone during a storm. （4）He ______（not finish）preparing for the coming storm yet. （5）We should try our best ______（protect）ourselves from the danger of natural disasters. （6）How many people have the rescue team ______（rescue）from the flooded area so far? （7）She can describe the storm ______（clear）because she kept a detailed diary during that time. （8）With the help of my parents, I ______（prepare）some emergency supplies yesterday. （二）语法类练习 1. 单项选择 （1）—______ people have the rescue team rescued so far? —More than 50. They are all safe. A. How many B. What C. When D. Where （2）She ______ to be afraid of storms, but now she can keep calm during them. A. use B. uses C. used D. will use （3）Our teacher ______ us how to keep safe during floods since we entered Grade 8. A. teach B. teaches C. taught D. has taught （4）—Have you ______ the habit of preparing emergency supplies at home? —Yes, I have. It’s very useful. A. develop B. developed C. developing D. develops （5）It’s important for us ______ to deal with natural disasters calmly. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned （6）—How do people keep safe during a storm? —They keep safe ______ staying indoors and keeping away from windows. A. by B. on C. in D. with （7）He ______ the damaged houses with his neighbors after the flood last month. A. repair B. repairs C. repaired D. has repaired 2. 句型转换 （1）I used to be afraid of floods.（改为否定句） I ______ ______ ______ be afraid of floods. （2）The rescue team has rescued many people from the flooded area so far.（改为一般疑问句） ______ the rescue team ______ many people from the flooded area so far? （3）A violent storm caused great damage to the town last night.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ great damage to the town last night? （4）We keep safe during a storm by staying indoors.（改为同义句） We keep safe during a storm ______ ______ ______ indoors. （5）The teacher warned us not to go out during the storm.（改为一般过去时的否定句） The teacher ______ ______ us not to go out during the storm. （6）We should prepare emergency supplies to deal with natural disasters.（改为一般疑问句） ______ we ______ emergency supplies to deal with natural disasters? （7）I have learned how to keep safe during floods since I was 10 years old.（用he改写） He ______ ______ how to keep safe during floods since he was 10 years old. （三）综合运用练习 根据中文提示完成句子，每空一词。 （1）自从我们开始这个单元，我们已经学习了很多关于自然灾害的知识。 Since we started this unit, we ______ ______ a lot about natural disasters. （2）人们通过待在高处的避难所来在洪水中保持安全。 People keep safe during a flood ______ ______ in a high shelter. （3）对我们来说，提前为自然灾害做准备是很有必要的。 It’s necessary for us to ______ ______ natural disasters in advance. （4）你过去常常害怕暴风雨吗？是的，我常害怕。 ______ you ______ ______ be afraid of storms? Yes, I did. （5）天气预报警告我们即将到来的暴风雨，让我们做好准备。 The weather report ______ us ______ the coming storm and asked us to get ready. 参考答案 （一）词汇类练习 1. 根据句意及汉语提示填空 （1）violent （2）shelter （3）warned （4）rescue （5）flood （6）calm （7）damage 2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 （1）experienced （2）have learned （3）warns （4）hasn’t finished （5）to protect （6）rescued （7）clearly （8）prepared （二）语法类练习 1. 单项选择 （1）A （2）C （3）D （4）B （5）C （6）A （7）C 2. 句型转换 （1）did not use to （2）Has; rescued （3）What caused （4）by means of （5）didn’t warn （6）Should; prepare （7）has learned （三）综合运用练习 （1）have learned （2）by staying （3）prepare for （4）Did; use to （5）warned; of 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $