Unit 5 Nature's Temper 知识点总结&综合练习2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 5 Nature's Temper 知识点总结&综合练习 Part1 基础考点梳理 高频考点拓展 1. warn/wɔːn/ v.警告；提醒注意 [及物动词] warn sb.(not) to do sth.告诫某人（不要）做某事 warn sb. of/ about sth.警告某人注意某事 warn sb. against doing sth.告诫某人不要做某事 warn(sb.)+ that从句 警告（某人）说…… · I warned her not to go near the dog.我警告她 不要靠近那条狗。 2. trouble /'trʌbl/ n.苦恼；困难；困境 v.使忧虑、苦恼；劳驾；麻烦 (1)[名词]苦恼；困难；困境 get/ run into trouble陷入麻烦/困境 be in trouble处于困境之中 have(no) trouble(in) doing sth.做某事（没）有困难 (2)[动词]使忧虑、苦恼；劳驾；麻烦 · May I trouble you to pass me the salt?麻烦您 把盐递给我好吗？ · 谚 Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.不要自找麻烦。 3. preparation /ˌprepə'reɪʃn/ n.准备 （工作）；预备 (1)[可数名词]准备（工作） make preparations (for...)（为······）作准备 make preparations to do sth.准备做某事 (2)[不可数名词]预备；准备 · Careful preparation for the exam is necessary. 认真准备考试是有必要的。 拓prepare[动词] 使做好准备；把······预备好； 使……有准备 prepare for...为······作准备 prepare... for...为······准备好······ prepare to do sth.准备好做某事 4. look up抬头看 常与介词from连用。 拓(1) look up（在词典、参考书中或通过电脑） 查阅 · He looked up a number in his phone. (= He looked a number up in his phone.)他在手机里查了一个号码。（包头中考） · Can you look it up on the website? 你能在网站上查一下它吗？ (2) look的常见短语还有： look after照顾 look for寻找 look around环顾 look like看起来像 look through快速查看；浏览 look over查看；检查 look forward to盼望 look out小心 5. refuse /rɪ'fjuːz/ v.拒绝；推却 同义短语为turn down 反义词accept refuse sb./ sth. 拒绝某人/某物 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 6. as soon as 一： 就… 同义短语为the minute (that) 用来引导时间状语从句，强调主句动作和从句动作几乎同时发生。 在含有 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，如果主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时（即“主将从现”）。 · He took out his English book as soon as/ the minute (that) he sat down.他一坐下就拿出了他的英语书。 · As soon as/ The minute that we arrive, we' ll go on a tour of the city.我们一到，就会游览这个城市。（盐城中考） 7. since /sɪns/ prep. , adv.& conj.自…… 以后；从……以来 conj.既然；由于 (1)“自⋯⋯以后；从⋯⋯以来”，常与现在完成时连用。 · Lucy has learned to manage time by herself since last term.从上学期开始，露西已经学会了自己管理时间。 (2)[连词]“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句，常位于句首。 · Since we knew little about each other, we shared our stories.因为我们对彼此知之甚少，所以我们分享了自己的故事。 （since表示原因时多用于已知或共知的原因, because表示直接的原因。） 8. too+ adj. +(for sb.) to do sth. 太…… （某人）不能…… 该结构为肯定形式表达否定含义。 · The problem is too hard for them to solve. 这个 问题太难了，他们解决不了。 拓 (1) too... to...与so... that...的转换 当that引导的从句为否定句，且主从句的主语一致时，两个结构可以互相转换。 · She is too young to go to school. = She is so young that she can't go to school.她太小了，不能去上学。 (2) too... to...与not... enough to...的转换。 enough修饰的形容词或副词应是too后形容词或副词的反义词。 · The problem is too difficult for me to work out. = The problem isn't easy enough for me to work out.这道题对我来说太难了，我做不出来。 (3)在too... to...结构中，如果too前面有not、 never等词，此结构表示肯定意义。 · 谚 You' re never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。 9. unlucky /ʌn'lʌki/ adj.不幸的；不顺利的；不吉利的 由“否定前缀un-+ lucky（adj.幸运的）”构成。 发音以元音音素开头，其前的不定冠词应用an. Eg： an unlucky number 拓与unlucky相关的词： luck n.运气 lucky adj.幸运的 反义词 unlucky adj.不幸的 luckily adv.幸运地 反义词 unluckily adv.不幸地 重点梳理 词汇梳理 1 warn v.警告；提醒注意——warning n.警告 2interview n.采访；面试v.采访；对（某人） 进行面试—— interviewer n.面试官；采访者 ——interviewee n.受访者；被面试者 3 possible adj.可能的——possibly adv.可能；或 许——impossible adj.不可能的 4 prepare v. 使做好准备；把······预备好一 preparation n.准备（工作）；预备 5 power n. 电力供应；能量；力量——powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的 6 beat v. 敲；打一（过去式）beat——（过去分词） beaten 7 hide v.躲藏；隐蔽——（过去式）hid——（过去分词） hidden 8 bad adj. & adv.坏（的）；糟糕（的）—— worse adj. & adv.更坏（的）；更糟糕（的） ——worst adj. & adv.最坏（的）；最糟（的） 9 thankful adj.感激的——thankfully adv.幸亏； 感激地 10 knowledge n. 知识；学问——knowledgeable adj.知识渊博的 11 hero n.英雄；男主角；偶像——（复数）heroes 12 sudden adj.突然的；骤然的——suddenly adv. 突然；骤然 13 usual adj.通常的；寻常的—— unusual adj.不寻常的——usually adv.通常地 14 luck n.运气——lucky adj.幸运的——luckily adv.幸运地——unlucky adj.不幸的——unluckily adv.不幸地 15 rain n.雨v.下雨——rainy adj.阴雨的；多雨的 词块归纳 1 do chores做家务 2 at the time of...在······时候 3 take place发生；进行 4 pay attention to注意 5 make preparations作准备 6 go out（火或灯光）熄灭 7 warn sb. of...提醒某人...... 8 rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨 9 look up抬头往上看 10 beat against their roof敲打着他们的屋顶 11 one another互相；彼此 12 bring everyone closer together让所有人更亲近 13 walk along the beach沿着海滩散步 14 on top of在......顶部 15 instead of代替；而不是 16 take a single step further往前再走一步 17 jump into action right away立即采取行动 18 as...as sb.can尽某人所能地...... 19 between life and death在生死之间 20 thanks to多亏，由于 21 except for除......之外 22 as soon as一......就...... 23 sweep through the forests and mountains横扫森林和山脉 24 put out the fires扑灭火 25 stay away from远离，不接近（某人）；不去（某处） 26 give up放弃 27 by the end of在......结束前 28 go off（警报器等）突然发出巨响 29 wake up醒来；叫醒 30 all of a sudden突然 31 by the time到......的时候 32 out of breath上气不接下气 33 as a result因此，结果 34 go wrong出现问题；发生故障；搞错 用法总结 1 cause sb./sth.to do sth.导致某人/某物做某事 2 advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 3 It's+adj. +to do sth.做某事是......的 4 start to do sth./start doing sth.开始做某事 5 refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 6 decide to do sth.决定做某事 7 avoid doing sth.避免做某事 8 warn sb. to do sth.警告某人做某事 9 manage to do sth.设法做成某事 10 too+adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.太......（某人）不能..... 语法 梳理 （一）过去进行时 考向1 过去进行时的基本句式 肯定句 主语+ was/ were +动词-ing（+其他）。 否定句 主语+ was/ were + not +动词-ing（+其他）。 一般疑问句及回答 Was/ Were +主语+动词-ing（+其他）？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ was/ were. 否定回答：No,主语+ wasn't/ weren't. 特殊疑问句 ①特殊疑问词（作主语）+ was/ were +动词-ing（+其他）？ ②特殊疑问词（不作主语）+ was/ were +主语+动词-ing（+其他）？ 例句： 1. The girl was shopping when I saw her.我看见那个女孩的时候，她正在购物。 2. He was not working at that time.那时他没在工作。 3.——Were you playing basketball then? 那时你在打篮球吗？ ——Yes,I was.是的，我在打篮球。/ No,I wasn't.不，我没在打篮球。 4.——Who was cleaning the classroom at five yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午五点是谁在打扫教室？ ——Tom.汤姆。 5.——What were you doing at nine last Sunday morning?上周日上午九点你在做什么？ ——I was reading.我在看书。 考向2 过去进行时的基本用法 ①表示过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作，常与the whole day、all day yesterday等时间状语连用。有时没有明显的时间状语，可根据语境来判断。 · I was watching TV the whole night. 整晚我都在看电视。 · We were having classes all day yesterday. 我们昨天一整天都在上课。 ❷表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作，常与表示过去某一时间点的时间状语连用，如at 3 o' clock yesterday afternoon、at this time yesterday等。 · Miss Li was shopping at this time yesterday. 昨天的这个时候李小姐正在购物。 · I was looking for my lost cat at nine last Monday morning. 上周一上午九点我正在寻找我丢失的猫。 考向3 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别 · He was playing basketball at three yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午三点他正在打篮球。（强调昨天下午三点正在进行的动作，不一定结束） · He played basketball yesterday afternoon.昨天下午他打篮球了。（强调昨天下午打篮球的动作已经结束） （二）when和while引导的时间状语从句 when和while都可意为“当⋯⋯时”，用来引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作发生的背景。从句可位于主句之前或之后，当位于主句之前时，与主句要用逗号分开。 考向1 when引导的时间状语从句 1表示主句动作发生的特定时间，既可指时间点，也可指时间段。 · Call me when you get home.你到家时给我打个电话。 · When he was a child, he always tried out new ideas.他小的时候总是在试验一些新设想。 2when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词。从句的动作可与主句的动作同时发生，也可在主句动作之前或之后发生。 · The phone rang when he was reading.他看书时电话响了。(rang和was reading同时发生) · When I got to the shop, the door was closed.当我赶到商店时，店门已经关上了。(got to后发生) · When they finished their homework, they helped do the housework.他们完成家庭作业后，帮忙做了家务。(finished先发生) 3当主句为将来时或表示将来的意义时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来，即遵循“主将从现”的原则。 · The boy will be a writer when he grows up.这个男孩长大后会成为一名作家。 考向2 while引导的时间状语从句 while引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语动词必须为延续性动词，且常用进行时。常见情况有： ①强调主句动作发生时，从句动作正在进行，此时，从句用进行时。 · While I was waiting for the bus, I met my teacher.当我在等公共汽车时，我遇见了我的老师。 ②强调主从句动作同时进行时，主从句通常都用进行时。 · While my mother was cooking dinner, I was playing chess with my brother.我妈妈做晚饭的时候，我和弟弟在下国际象棋。 Part2 综合练习 一、用括号里的动词填空，完成短文 Last night, while Sarah 1. __(read) a book in her room, the lights suddenly 2. __(go) out. She 3. __(jump) in surprise because she was afraid of the darkness. Outside, the wind 4. (blow) heavily, and it 5. __(rain) hard. Her parents 6. __(try) to find candles in the kitchen when they heard her call for help. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 7.（2025 武 威 中 考 改 编） ——Cindy, my sunglasses are on the floor and they are broken. What happened? ——Sorry, dear. I don't know. I __ (cook) in the kitchen then. 8.（2025龙东中考改编）When Li Lei came into the room, his friends __ (prepare) for his birthday party. 9.（常州中考）—I went to your house after work yesterday but you were not in. ——Oh, I__ (walk) my dog outside. 三、按要求完成句子，每空一词 10. They were playing basketball at 4 p. m. yesterday.（改为一 般疑问句） __ they __ basketball at 4 p. m. yesterday? 11. The students were discussing the problem when the teacher came in.（对画线部分提问） __ were the students __ when the teacher came in? 12.（2025重庆市渝北区期末改 编） Her brothers were lying on the sofa when she came home.（改为否定句） Her brothers _ _ on the sofa when she came home. 四、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 When I 1._(be) in the sixth grade, I 2._(join) a piano competition. I practiced for four hours every day and my piano teacher came three times a week to help me. Then the big day finally 3._(arrive). I 4._(be) so nervous when they 5._(call) my name. I went up and started to play. While I 6._(play), everyone 7._(sit) still and listened. I played the song without any mistakes. Then I waited for them to call out the winner. When I 8._(hear) my name, my heart 9._(beat) so quickly that I thought I would stop breathing. I couldn't believe it. I 10._(win)! 五、单项选择 1.（2025天津中考）The mobile phone _ when I was making a cake with my mother. A. Rang B. rings C. is ringing D. is going to ring 2.(2025长春市模拟) While her brother _ video games upstairs, Mary _a novel in the garden quietly. A. plays; is reading B. is playing; reads C. is playing; is reading 答案 一、1.was reading 2.went 3.jumped 4.was blowing 5.was raining 6.were trying 二、7.was cooking 8.were preparing 9.was walking 三、10.Were;playing 11.What;doing 12.weren't lying 四、1.was 2.joined 3.arrived 4.was 5.called 6.was playing 7.sat 8.heard 9.was beating 10.won 五、1.A 句意：当我和我妈妈在做蛋糕时，手机响了。根据“was making a cake”可知，此处应用一般过去时，故选A。 2.C 当玛丽的哥哥在楼上玩电子游戏时，玛丽正在花园里安静地读一本小说。本句是含有while引导的时间状语从句的复合句，强调主从句的动作同时进行，主从句通常都用进行时态，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $