精品解析：天津南开中学2025-2026学年度第二学期质量监测（一）高一英语试卷

南开中学2025-2026学年度第二学期质量监测（一） 高一英语试卷 考试时间：110分钟 Ⅰ卷（共115分） 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（主观题）两部分，共150分。考试结束后，请交回答题纸。 第一部分：听力（共20题，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man usually do on weekends? A. Go hiking. B. Do the cleaning. C. Rest at home. 2. Why does George look tired? A. He had a long flight. B. He walked on the beach. C. He didn’t sleep well in the hotel. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In an office. C. In a station. 4. What does the woman mean? A. She will cancel the party. B. There is plenty of food at the party. C. The man should’ve invited his workmates. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A race. B. Healthy diet. C. The man’s brother. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When will the man probably visit the shop? A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Tomorrow afternoon. 7. What is the woman’s problem? A. She can’t use the copy machine. B. She lost a telephone number. C. She has a busy schedule. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Place an order. B. Recommend a product. C. Reduce a price. 9. What will the man do with a video camera? A. Record his travels. B. Use it for a class. C. Send it as a gift. 10. What does the woman say about the Sepler 83? A. It is highly praised. B. It is a new model. C. It is easy to use. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is making the woman late for the dinner? A. The car trouble. B. The heavy traffic. C. The long meeting. 12. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Give her a ride. B. Meet her at a bus stop. C. Call a customer. 13. Where could the man most probably be? A. In a restaurant. B. In a museum. C. In a park. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Where does the man live? A. Beside a supermarket. B. Near a cake shop. C. Across from a school. 15. How does the woman get to work? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car. 16. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Move house. B. Go shopping. C. Collect the man. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is on special offer? A. Family tickets. B. Teenagers’ tickets. C. Children’s tickets. 18. When will the special offer end? A. On June 21. B. On June 25. C. On June 30. 19. What do we know about the newest slides? A. They are the biggest in the state. B. They are popular with kids. C. They are less exciting. 20. What does the speaker suggest people do in the end? A. Visit the website for more information. B. Protect themselves from the sun. C. Book tickets soon. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项选择（共15题，每题1分，满分15分） 1. —Did you have butterflies in your stomach at the interview? —______. That was my first job interview. A. It depends B. Not really C. You bet D. I mean it 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你在面试中是不是忐忑不安。——你说对了。这是我的第一次工作面试。A. It depends看情况而定；B. Not really不是这样的；C. You bet的确；当然；D. I mean it我说真的。根据后文first可推知，他一定是很忐忑，故选C。 2. Whichever and whatever you like, there is an ______ theme park that will appeal to you. A. initial B. incredible C. identical D. internal 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论你喜欢哪一个，无论你喜欢什么，总有一个令人难以置信的主题公园会吸引你。A. initial开始的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. identical相同的；D. internal内部的。根据后文“theme park that will appeal to you”指总有一个令人难以置信的主题公园会吸引你。故选B。 3. It was the culture, ________ the language that made it hard for him to ________ the new environment abroad. A. rather than; adapt to B. other than; contribute to C. rather than; live up to D. other than; get down to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意： 是文化，而非语言，让他很难适应国外的新环境。A. rather than; adapt to而不是；适应；B. other than; contribute to除了；有助于；C. rather than; live up to而不是；不辜负；D. other than; get down to除了；开始做。根据句意可知，空1：此处意为“而不是”，故应用连词rather than；空2：此处意为“适应”，故应用短语adapt to与空前的to构成不定式，作宾语。 4. The newly appointed CEO was eager to ______ the challenge of revitalizing the company’s declining market share, believing that innovative strategies would drive growth and customer engagement. A. take off B. take on C. take down D. take in 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：新上任的首席执行官渴望接受重振公司不断下滑的市场份额这一挑战，他相信创新的策略将推动公司发展并提高客户参与度。A. take off起飞，脱下；B. take on承担，接受；C. take down记下，拿下；D. take in吸收，理解。根据“the challenge of revitalizing the company’s declining market share”可推知，首席执行官应该是渴望承担或者接受重振市场份额的挑战，take on有“承担，接受”的意思，符合语境。故选B项。 5. It is vital to ______ to teenagers the simple fact that _______ the Internet will more or less do harm to both mental and physical health. A. get over; addicted to B. get across; being addicted to C. get through; addicting to D. get down; addicting themselves to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：向青少年传达一个简单的事实是，沉迷于网络或多或少会对精神和身体健康造成伤害。A. get over克服；addicted to沉迷于；B. get across通过，使被理解；being addicted to沉迷于；C. get through通过，完成；addicting to沉迷于；D. get down下来；addicting themselves to沉迷于。结合句意第一空应该填get across；get across to sb.“让某人理解”符合句意，第二空是动名词短语作主语，表示“对因特网上瘾”。故选B。 6. The amazing experience of skiing in the Alps made her ______ her own inner strength and passion for sports, which deeply ______her to keep going forward. A. identify; inspired B. display; inspires C. adapt; inspires D. monitor; inspired 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析和时态。句意：在阿尔卑斯山滑雪的那次奇妙经历让她发现了自己内心的力量以及对运动的热爱，这极大地激励着她不断前行。第一空A. identify认清；B. display展示；C. adapt改编；D. monitor监督。根据后文“her own inner strength”指认清 / 发现自己内在的力量，用identify；第二空根据上文made可知为一般过去时，故选A。 7. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. —With so much work ________ my mind, I’ll almost ________. A. filling, break out B. filling, break down C. filled, break out D. filled, break down 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词和动词短语辨析。句意：——来吧，请给我一些关于这个项目的想法。——我脑子里塞满了这么多工作，我几乎要崩溃了。第一个空为非谓语动词，work与fill为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。break down崩溃，break out爆发。因为脑子里塞满了这么多工作，所以我几乎要崩溃了。故选B项。 8. ________ his high social status, it is really hard for us to _________his joining us in going west to teach children there. A. Considering; oppose B. Considered; prevent from C. To consider; persuade D. Being considered; object to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词和动词辨析。句意：鉴于他高的社会地位，我们真的很难反对他和我们一起去西部教书。considering在此做介词，表示“鉴于……”。oppose是动词，意为“反对”，多指反对一些较重大的事，隐含其正当性；prevent from中prevent是及物动词，后面必须要有宾语；persuade说服，劝说；object to意为“对……反对”，但object多指因厌恶或反感而反对。故选A。 9. During the last three decades, the number of people ________ in physical fitness programs ________ sharply. A. to participate; was increasing B. participating; has increased C. participating; had increased D. to participate; will be increasing 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词、主谓一致和时态。句意：在过去的三十年中，参加健身计划的人数剧增。第一空作后置定语，修饰people，且participate和people之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词。第二空作句子的谓语，主语为the number of people，谓语应用单数。根据时间状语During the last three decades可知，应用现在完成时，助动词用has。故选B。 10. The system, ______ the success of our project largely depends, requires regular maintenance and updates, without ______ we cannot guarantee its stable operation in the long run. A. where, that B. on which; which C. that; which D. to which; that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该系统是我们项目成功的关键所在，需要定期进行维护和更新，否则我们无法保证其长期稳定运行。depend on是固定短语，意为“依靠”，第一空处用介词on which引导定语从句；第二空是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词regular maintenance and updates是物，因此第二空是which，故选B。 11. —Mr. Hu, have you finished correcting the papers? —Not yet, the papers _______. You _______ get the results from me by tomorrow. A. are corrected; will B. are being correcting; should C. are being corrected; shall D. are being corrected; would 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态和情态动词。句意：——胡先生，你已经修改完这些文件了吗？——还没有，这些文件正在被修改。你明天就会从我那里得到结果。根据“not yet”和下文“You _______ get the results from me by tomorrow.”可推断，现在这些文件正在被修改，故用现在进行时的被动语态；表示说话人给对方的许诺，用shall。will表示意愿；should表示“应该；应当”；would表示过去的意愿。故选C。 12. Occasions are not uncommon ________ we have to cancel our plan due to something unexpected. A. what B. that C. which D. when 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们总会遇到突发状况，在这种时候不得不取消计划，这种情况并不少见。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词occasions，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。 13. —What makes him so cheerful these days? —________a key university. A. Admitted into B. Admitting C. Having been admitted into D. Being admitted into 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词作主语及被动语态。​ 句意：——这些天是什么让他这么开心？——被一所重点大学录取。​ 答句为省略结构，完整形式是Being admitted into a key university makes him so cheerful these days，空处需作主语。非谓语动词中，能作主语的是动名词或不定式；“被大学录取”为被动关系，需用被动语态。A选项Admitted into是过去分词，不能单独作主语；B选项Admitting是现在分词主动形式，不符合被动含义；C选项Having been admitted into是现在分词完成式的被动形式，不作主语；D选项Being admitted into是动名词的被动形式，可作主语，符合要求。故选D。 14. It is reported that some journalists from certain presses got themselves ________ false reporting the mine disaster and they are accused of accepting money. A. involved in B. involved with C. to be involved in D. to be involved with 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：据报道，部分媒体的一些记者卷入这起矿难的虚假报道，并且被控收受钱财。此处意为“卷入”，表达为involve...in...，在句中作宾补，宾语为themselves，与involve之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词involved in作宾补。 15. —You won't believe it, Tom. I was chosen as an exchange student to China. —Congratulations! ________. A. That's something B. That's all right C. You got it D. You did a good job 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情境交际。That's something.真是太棒了；That's all right没有关系；You got it.你懂的；You did a good job做的好。句意：——汤姆你不会相信，我被选为去中国的交换生了。——祝贺你，真是太棒了。A项符合语境。 第二节、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___16___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____17____ in our lives. When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no ___18___ of knowing that his life was to change ____19____. The class experiment that day was to ____20____ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____21____, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ____22____ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container ___23___, leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes. When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents ____24____ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______25______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as ______26______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______27______ public speaker. Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from ______28______ for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to _____29_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue _____30_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ______31______ Wilson made to preventing the ______32______. Wilson received several international ______33______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a _____34_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______35______ our lives-it’s what we make of what happens. 16. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects 17. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps 18. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure 19. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely 20. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare 21. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus 22. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily 23. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed 24. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed 25. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to 26. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic 27. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent 28. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness 29. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept 30. A. until B. when C. unless D. before 31. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations 32. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential 33. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses 34. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision 35. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits 【答案】16. A 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故选A。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ____ our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completely完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted试图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎； D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his parents ____ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ____ their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the ____ ”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as ____ . He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) ____ public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了"眼力“”。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success ____ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____ in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。 第三部分：阅读理解（共25小题，每小题2分，满分50分） A Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion (凝聚力), make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let’s check out our list of four inspiring urban gardens in the US. Gotham Greens Where: New York & Chicago What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100,000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn’t just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students Where: Baltimore, Maryland What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students (BUGS) program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don’t have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food. ReVision Urban Farm Where: Boston, Massachusetts What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home — a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm’s fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty. Swale Where: New York What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines — each one complementing the other in a co-existing relationship. 36. In the passage, what does the word “flagship” in “Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100,000 pounds of greens per year.” probably mean? A. the most important or successful one B. the smallest and least productive one C. the newest and most experimental one D. the most expensive and luxurious one 37. Which urban garden offers first-hand farming experience? A. Gotham Greens. B. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students. C. ReVision Urban Farm. D. Swale. 38. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a service provided by ReVision Urban Farm? A. Providing fresh vegetables to families. B. Offering job training to parents. C. Educating families about healthy eating. D. Organizing after-school programs for children. 39. Why might Swale be considered an “innovative” urban garden? A. It grows only vegetables and herbs in traditional gardens. B. It operates on a boat and combines art with education. C. It provides food exclusively to homeless families. D. It focuses mainly on after-school gardening programs. 40. What do these four urban gardens have in common? A. They are inspirational multinational project. B. They have educational and entertaining purposes. C. They create job opportunities for farmers. D. They are important for city residents. 【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了几个城市花园。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据Gotham Greens部分划线词前文“Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago.(戈特曼绿园最初在布鲁克林创立，如今在纽约市和芝加哥拥有四家分店。)”以及后文“produces over 100,000 pounds of greens per year.(每年能产出超过10万磅的绿色蔬菜)”可推知，有四家分店，此处只提到这一家店，每年有超过10万磅的绿色蔬菜，生产最多，应该是最重要或最成功的那个农场。故“flagship”这个词很可能指的是最重要或最成功的那个农场。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students中的“The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students (BUGS) program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don’t have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food.( BUGS项目鼓励学生们通过课后和暑期项目亲自动手种植蔬菜。这些孩子中的许多人没有接触到绿色空间，也从来没有机会种植食物。)”可知，Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students项目能提供第一手的农耕经验。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章ReVision Urban Farm部分“The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm’s fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty.(该农场为这些家庭提供健康饮食信息，并让他们获得农场的新鲜蔬菜。该组织还提供职业培训，帮助家庭摆脱贫困循环。)”可知，ReVision Urban Farm提供了健康饮食信息、新鲜蔬菜和职业培训，不包括课后项目。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Swale部分“Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm.(Swale是一个位于大船上的漂浮食物森林，是一个创新项目，旨在激励市民重新思考城市与食物之间的关系。这个城市花园既是一个活生生的艺术展，又是一个教育农场。)”可知，Swale被认为是一个“创新的”城市花园是因为它是一个在船上运行的城市花园，且它结合艺术和教育。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion (凝聚力), make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more.(城市花园是社区的宝贵资产。它们提供绿色空间来种植可持续的食物，建立社区团结，结交新朋友，与地球联系等等。)”可知，文章主要讲的是城市花园对社区的影响。由此可以推出，后文提到的四个城市花园都对城市居民来说都很重要。 B One freezing morning last February, I walked through Ontario Place. Trees were frosted sculptures. Large chunks of ice floated in the lake. Then I saw a group of people in bathing suits bouncing up and down in the water. They held hands, shouting and yelling into the sky. They looked and sounded so free. I’ve always found cold water thrilling. The shock of it is like pressing a switch. It seems to reset my body and soul. And last winter, I definitely needed a reset. I woke up most mornings with a dull, grey feeling as I forced myself out of bed to start the day. I needed something to cheer myself up, but I didn’t know what, until that day. The ice warriors (勇士) emerged from the lake, their skin steaming. Trembling, they were yet laughing and hugging each other. I called out: “You guys are awesome!” One woman waved back, “Come and join us! We’ re here every Monday morning.” The night before my first dip (游泳), I was excited and nervous. Cold water was one thing, but this icy lake was a whole other level. Should I back out? Eventually, I got up in the dark and drove to the meeting spot. After some wild warm up, I charged into the lake along with others. We yelled into the sky. Teeth chattering heart rates slowing, fingers and toes going numb (麻木), we stayed there for somewhere between two and five minutes. Knowing it was my first time, people cheered me on. It felt amazing. I was stupid with cold, but I couldn’t remember the last time I’d felt so happy. Now I go dipping almost every day, and I’ve come to long for that moment when the cold becomes a second skin and my internal voice goes silent. Apart from the thrill of those first heart-stopping dives, which, ironically, saved me from going under, what has drawn me is this community of generous, open-hearted souls. We laughed together, often, but from the stories we’ve shared about ourselves, I know I’m not the only one who faces life’s challenges. Holding hands in the freezing lake, we looked out for each other last winter and will do so through this one. It won’t fix everything in our lives—but for some reason, it helps. At the end of each session I return home feeling stronger, lighter, more able to carry on. As another winter sets in, I’m more than ready to embrace the cold again. 41. When the author saw the people in the lake, her feeling can be best described as __________ A. nervous B. amazed C. frightened D. calm 42. Why did the author think of joining the swimmers? A. To expand her social circle. B. To lift her spirits again. C. To adapt to the cold weather. D. To prepare for a new career 43. What can be learnt about the author’s first dipping? A. She hesitated a bit before going. B. She suffered from a heart problem. C. She stayed in cold water too long. D. She regretted not doing enough warm up. 44. What change has cold water swimming brought about in the author? A. She is more intelligent. B. She gets more competitive. C. She becomes a better storyteller. D. She regains her inner peace. 45. What message does the author most likely want to convey? A. Severe cold builds up character B. Group wisdom brightens our life. C. Tackling the odds together cures. D. Doing sports promotes friendship. 【答案】41. B 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者在冰冷的湖中潜泳的经历，并且分享了参与这个活动的人们所带来的快乐和支持。通过这个经历，作者能够重新调整和振作起来，带着更强大的力量面对生活中的挑战。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Then I saw a group of people in bathing suits bouncing up and down in the water. They held hands, shouting and yelling into the sky. They looked and sounded so free. (然后我看到一群穿着泳衣的人在水里跳上跳下。他们手牵着手，对着天空大喊大叫。他们看起来很自由，听起来也很自由。)”以及第二段“I’ve always found cold water thrilling. The shock of it is like pressing a switch. It seems to reset my body and soul. (我一直觉得冰冷的水让人兴奋。它的冲击感就像按下一个按钮。似乎它能够重新调整我的身体和灵魂)”和第四段“The ice warriors (勇士) emerged from the lake, their skin steaming. Trembling, they were yet laughing and hugging each other. I called out: “You guys are awesome!” (冰勇士们从湖中冒出来，浑身冒着热气。他们颤抖着，但仍然笑着，互相拥抱着。我喊道：“你们太棒了!”)”可知，冷水让作者兴奋，她看到湖中的人，觉得他们太棒了，所以感觉是惊讶的。故选B项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“And last winter, I definitely needed a reset. I woke up most mornings with a dull, grey feeling as I forced myself out of bed to start the day. I needed something to cheer myself up, but I didn’t know what, until that day. (去年冬天，我确实需要重新调整一下。大多数早晨，当我强迫自己下床开始新的一天时，我都是带着一种沉闷、灰暗的感觉醒来的。我需要一些东西让自己振作起来，但我不知道是什么，直到那天。)”可知，作者去年冬天，整个人很沮丧，需要一些东西让自己振作起来，所以想加入游泳。故选B项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The night before my first dip (游泳), I was excited and nervous. Cold water was one thing, but this icy lake was a whole other level. Should I back out? Eventually, I got up in the dark and drove to the meeting spot. (第一次泡澡的前一天晚上，我既兴奋又紧张。冷水是一回事，但这个冰湖完全是另一回事。我应该退出吗?最后，我在黑暗中起床，驱车前往会面地点。)”可知，作者第一次尝试冬泳前，她犹豫了一下。故选A项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Now I go dipping almost every day, and I’ve come to long for that moment when the cold becomes a second skin and my internal voice goes silent. (现在我几乎每天都去游泳，我已经开始渴望那一刻，当寒冷成为我的第二层皮肤，我内心的声音安静下来。)”可知，冷水游泳使作者恢复了内心的平静。故选D项。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段“Apart from the thrill of those first heart-stopping dives, which, ironically, saved me from going under, what has drawn me is this community of generous, open-hearted souls. (具有讽刺意味的是，第一次潜水的惊险刺激使我免于沉入海底，但吸引我的是这个慷慨、心胸开阔的社区)”，倒数第二段“We laughed together, often, but from the stories we’ve shared about ourselves, I know I’m not the only one who faces life’s challenges. Holding hands in the freezing lake, we looked out for each other last winter and will do so through this one. (我们经常一起笑，但从我们分享的故事中，我知道我不是唯一一个面临生活挑战的人。去年冬天，我们手牵着手在冰冷的湖面上守望着彼此，今年也将如此。)”以及最后一段“It won’t fix everything in our lives—but for some reason, it helps. At the end of each session I return home feeling stronger, lighter, more able to carry on. As another winter sets in, I’m more than ready to embrace the cold again. (它不会解决我们生活中的所有问题，但出于某种原因，它会有所帮助。每次游泳结束后，我回到家，感觉更强壮、更轻松，更能坚持下去。又一个冬天来临了，我已经准备好再次拥抱寒冷了。)”可知，作者最想传达的信息是，冬泳让自己感到惊险刺激，但是真正吸引作者的是和社区的人分享故事，一起面对生活的困难，互相鼓励，让自己感觉更强壮、更轻松，更能坚持下去，所以是一起解决问题治愈人心。故选C项。 C Do you have memories from when you were a baby? Most of us don’t have them. This is called “infantile amnesia (童年失忆症)”. However, these memories are actually kept in the brain until we become adults, even though we aren’t aware of them. Professor Cristina Alberini at New York University in the US found that the experiences learned in infancy are kept as hidden memories. It happens in a brain part called the hippocampus (海马体) when an infant’s brain is growing. Changes in brain chemicals help this process. Alberini conducted experiments on rats and found that boosting (促进,推动) certain chemicals later can bring back hidden memories. This shows that early memories aren’t lost but are kept. In this case, “if the children are learning difficult situations in early childhood, their brains are going to be shaped based on that experience,” Alberini told The Guardian. Her study shows these hidden memories may influence people’s learning abilities throughout their lives and contribute to some mental health illnesses. Although most of us can’t remember the things that happened to us when we were little, the age at which each person has their first memory can vary significantly. Different backgrounds may explain the difference. Professor Wang Qi at Cornell University in the US has shown that the earliest memories of Americans date back to around 3.5 years of age, almost six months earlier than in Chinese people. Wang said that this is because American people are more self-focused. However, in Asia, identity is more about the roles they play in society and relationships with others. So it may take more time for Asian babies to remember many details. How often parents talk about past experiences with their children can also influence when first memories appear. New Zealand’s Maori people have their first memories as early as at the age of 2.5, The Guardian said. Professor Elaine Reese from the University of Otago in New Zealand said it’s because the Maori culture values stories and deep conversations about past events. Conversations are key for keeping memories when kids can form mental images of the things that happened to them. 46. What did Professor Cristina Alberini discover about early memories? A. They are stored and can be awakened. B. They are removed by brain chemicals. C. They disappear as we grow older. D. They are lost in infancy. 47. According to Alberini, how do early childhood experiences influence people? A. They have no lasting effect on people. B. They contribute to the growth of the hippocampus. C. They shape the brain and could affect mental health. D. They play a part in developing interests and hobbies. 48. Why do Americans have earlier first memories compared to Chinese people? A. They have a special brain structure. B. They value relationships more. C. They are more self-focused. D. They experience less stress. 49. What does the case of Maori people’s first memories at the age of 2.5 show? A. Telling old stories helps keep memories. B. Maori people have the best memory abilities. C. Telling stories is a good way to spread culture. D. Maori people experience more events in infancy. 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Total forgetting of infant memories. B. Parental influence on early memories. C. Cultural differences in first memories. D. Hidden yet influential childhood memories. 【答案】46. A 47. C 48. C 49. A 50. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明童年记忆藏于大脑，其影响人一生学习能力与心理健康，且人首次记忆年龄因背景而异。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Professor Cristina Alberini at New York University in the US found that the experiences learned in infancy are kept as hidden memories.(美国纽约大学的克里斯蒂娜·阿尔贝里尼教授发现，婴儿时期所经历的事件会以隐性记忆的形式被保存下来)”以及“This shows that early memories aren’t lost but are kept.(这表明早期的记忆并未丢失，而是被保存了下来)”可知，早期记忆是被存储起来的，并且能够被唤醒。故选A。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Her study shows these hidden memories may influence people’s learning abilities throughout their lives and contribute to some mental health illnesses.(她的研究表明，这些隐性记忆可能会在人的一生中影响他们的学习能力，并导致一些精神健康问题)”可知，阿尔贝里尼表示，早期的童年经历会塑造大脑，并可能影响心理健康。故选C。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Professor Wang Qi at Cornell University in the US has shown that the earliest memories of Americans date back to around 3.5 years of age, almost six months earlier than in Chinese people.(美国康奈尔大学的王琪教授研究表明，美国人最早的记忆可追溯到约 3.5 岁，这比中国人早了近六个月)”和第三段“Wang said that this is because American people are more self-focused.(王教授说，这是因为美国人更注重自我)”可知，美国人的最初记忆比中国人更早出现是因为他们更注重自我。故选C。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Professor Elaine Reese from the University of Otago in New Zealand said it’s because the Maori culture values stories and deep conversations about past events. Conversations are key for keeping memories when kids can form mental images of the things that happened to them.(新西兰奥塔哥大学的伊莱恩·里斯教授表示，这是因为毛利文化重视故事以及对过去事件的深入交流。交流对于帮助孩子形成对所经历事情的脑海记忆至关重要。孩子们能够将所发生的事情在脑海中形成图像，而交流正是实现这一过程的关键)”可知，毛利人2.5岁时的第一段记忆所反映的情况是讲述古老的故事有助于保持记忆。故选A。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合根据第一段“Do you have memories from when you were a baby? Most of us don’t have them. This is called “infantile amnesia (童年失忆症)”. However, these memories are actually kept in the brain until we become adults, even though we aren’t aware of them.(你小时候有没有留下什么记忆呢？我们大多数人是没有的。这种情况被称为“童年失忆症”。然而，这些记忆实际上一直保存在大脑中，直到我们长大成人，尽管我们自己并不知道它们的存在)”可知。文章主要说明了研究表明童年记忆藏于大脑，其影响人一生学习能力与心理健康，且人首次记忆年龄因背景而异。由此可知，这篇文章主要介绍了隐藏却具有深远影响力的童年记忆。故选D。 D Research shows that long-term interaction with AI chatbots can influence users’ emotional responses and social behaviors. ChatGPT users’ emotions during exchanges with ChatGPT may be mirrored or amplified (增强) by the AI, impacting their mental state. Too much reliance on chatbots may weaken real-life social connections or even worsen loneliness. However, AI has potential as an emotional support tool, helping to reduce loneliness and improve mental well-being. Thus, more research is needed to understand the emotional dependence that forms between users and AI and to guide responsible use. In a study, the Media Lab gathered almost 1,000 people to take part in a four-week trial examining how participants interacted with ChatGPT for a minimum of five minutes each day. Participants then completed a survey to measure their feelings of loneliness, levels of social engagement, and emotional dependence on the bot. The findings support earlier research. For example, in 2023 MIT Media Lab researchers found that chatbots tended to mirror the emotional state of a user’s messages — happier messages led to happier responses. Dr. Andrew Rogoyski, a director at the Surrey Institute for People-Centred Artificial Intelligence, said that because people were hard-wired to think of a machine behaving in human-like ways as a human, AI chatbots could be “dangerous”, and far more research was needed to understand their social and emotional impacts. “In my opinion, we’re messing with people’s basic emotions without knowing the long-term effects. We’ve seen the downsides of social media — this could be even worse,” he said. Dr. Theodore Cosco, a researcher at the University of Oxford, said the research raised “serious concerns about heavy chatbot usage”, though he noted it “opens the door to exciting and encouraging possibilities”. “The idea that AI systems can offer meaningful support-particularly for those who may otherwise feel lonely-is worth exploring. However, we must be thoughtful and intentional in how we integrate these tools into everyday life,” said Dr. Doris Dippold, who researches intercultural communication at the University of Surrey. She added, “It would be important to establish what causes emotional dependence on chatbots.” 51. What does the research say about the effects of long-term use of AI chatbots on users? A. It can improve their social skills. B. It can enhance their intelligence. C. It can increase their physical activity. D. It can affect their emotional experience. 52. What does the underlined word “mirror” in paragraph 3 most likely mean? A. To reflect or show B. To imitate perfectly C. To criticize or question D. To replace entirely 53. Why does Dr. Andrew Rogoyski think AI chatbots are “dangerous”? A. AI chatbots mirror users’ emotions. B. People naturally perceive AI chatbots as humans. C. Overuse of AI chatbots may increase loneliness. D. AI chatbots could potentially replace human roles. 54. What can be inferred from the experts’ comments in the last paragraph? A. Experts adopt a cautious approach to AI chatbots. B. Experts think AI chatbots’ long-term effects are clear. C. Experts agree that AI chatbots have no potential benefits. D. Experts believe emotional dependence on chatbots is fully understood. 55. What is the best title for the text? A. The Rise of AI Chatbots. B. AI Chatbots: An Emotional Double-Edged Sword. C. The Future of AI Chatbots. D. AI Chatbots Help Us Communicate. 【答案】51. D 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了长期使用人工智能聊天机器人的影响及专家看法。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Research shows that long-term interaction with AI chatbots can influence users’ emotional responses and social behaviors.(研究表明，与人工智能聊天机器人的长期互动会影响用户的情绪反应和社会行为。)”可知，长期使用人工智能聊天机器人会影响用户的情绪体验。 【52题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章划线词后文的内容“happier messages led to happier responses.(更开心的消息会引发更开心的回应。)”可知，用户的情绪会直接传递为机器人的回应情绪，用户更开心的话，就会引发更开心的回应，故此处划线词与A项“To reflect or show(反应/呈现)”意思相近，即机器人的回应反映了用户的情绪。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Dr. Andrew Rogoyski, a director at the Surrey Institute for People-Centred Artificial Intelligence, said that because people were hard-wired to think of a machine behaving in human-like ways as a human, AI chatbots could be “dangerous”, and far more research was needed to understand their social and emotional impacts.(萨里大学以人为本的人工智能研究所主任Andrew Rogoyski博士表示，由于人们天生就会把表现得像人类一样的机器当作人，人工智能聊天机器人可能会“很危险”，并且需要进行更多的研究来了解它们对社会和情感方面的影响。)”可知，Andrew Rogoyski博士认为人工智能聊天机器人危险是因为人们自然地把它们当作人。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, we must be thoughtful and intentional in how we integrate these tools into everyday life,” said Dr. Doris Dippold, who researches intercultural communication at the University of Surrey. She added, “It would be important to establish what causes emotional dependence on chatbots.”(萨里大学跨文化交流研究员Doris Dippold博士说：“然而，我们在将这些工具融入日常生活的方式上必须深思熟虑和有意为之。” 她补充说：“确定导致对聊天机器人产生情感依赖的原因很重要。”) ”可知，Doris Dippold博士认为，我们在将这些工具融入日常生活的方式上必须深思熟虑，故专家们对人工智能聊天机器人持谨慎态度。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Research shows that long-term interaction with AI chatbots can influence users’ emotional responses and social behaviors. ChatGPT users’ emotions during exchanges with ChatGPT may be mirrored or amplified (增强) by the AI, impacting their mental state.(研究表明，与人工智能聊天机器人的长期互动会影响用户的情绪反应和社交行为。ChatGPT用户在与ChatGPT交流时的情绪可能会被AI镜像或放大，从而影响他们的精神状态)”可知，文章讲述了长期使用人工智能聊天机器人会影响用户情绪反应和社会行为，有人认为其有作为情感支持工具的潜力，也有人认为危险。因此B项“人工智能聊天机器人——一把情感的双刃剑”最符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。 E Chinese scientists have created a breakthrough fibre that can be woven into warm, light weight clothing using aerogel, a thermal insulation (热绝缘) material mainly used in the aerospace industry. Aerogel, notable for their performance and durability, could have various applications. As the world’s lightest solid material, it has long been valued for its thermal insulation properties. Traditional aerogel, made by replacing the liquid in aerogel with air, is extraordinarily light, resembling a solid cloud of smoke. Its high porosity (多孔性) gives it exceptional heat resistance, but this also makes it fragile and challenging to process, limiting its use in civilian applications. But now, researchers at Zhejiang University have overcome aerogel’s fragility and designed an encapsulated aerogel fibre (EAF) with similar thermal insulation mechanisms — after being inspired by the structure of polar bear hair. The China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation as well as NASA have used EAF in Mars rovers, which endure extreme temperatures ranging from thousands of degrees during the Martian landing to -130 degrees Celsius (-202 degrees Fahrenheit) on the planet’s surface. In an experiment, a volunteer wore textiles (纺织品) made of EAF, down, wool, and cotton in a -20 degree Celsius environment. The surface temperatures of these materials were 3.5 degrees, 3.8 degrees, 7.2 degrees, and 10.8 degrees respectively, indicating the superior insulation of EAF. They showed the practicality of EAF by weaving a jumper and comparing its thermal insulation to common textile materials. As well as being strong and stretchable, EAF can also be washed and dyed, improving its use in practical applications. Traditional silica aerogel will absorb water and collapse on itself. As a result, it quickly loses its thermal insulation qualities in wet or humid environments. However, EAF maintains its performance even after machine washing. Professor Zhang Xuetong of the Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, highlighted the potential of the aerogel fibres in advanced thermal textiles. As well as its potential for civilian use, EAF fibre also holds promise for industries that are already familiar with aerogels. “EAF textiles feature excellent thermal insulation and multi-function and have great potential in areas such as military uniforms and space suits in extremely cold environments,” Professor Zhang noted in a paper. However, he also noted the gap between existing technology and capacity for mass production. “Challenges exist regarding how to develop fast spinning technology and resolve the continuous fabrication that is necessary for mass production.” 56. What is the characteristic of traditional aerogel? A. It can be easily processed. B. It is resistant to high temperatures. C. It is a solid cloud of smoke. D. It can effectively insulate electricity. 57. How can we conclude that EAF has the advantage in enduring extreme temperature? A. By research statistics. B. By public comments. C. By scientific prediction. D. By commercial reports. 58. What can we learn from this passage? A. EAF fibers collapse in wet environments, similar to traditional silica aerogel. B. EAF has potential applications in civilian, military, and space industries. C. EAF is currently easy to produce on a large scale. D. EAF cannot be dyed or washed. 59. Professor Zhang Xuetong’s study found that mass production could be possible if ________. A. advancement is made in thermal textiles B. there exists need for continuous fabrication C. barriers in fast spinning technology are overcome D. Aerogel’s strengths and weaknesses get balanced 60. What is the text mainly about? A. The development of aerogel fibre. B. The potential use of biomimetic (仿生的) fibre. C. Great breakthrough in aerospace industry. D. China’s newly-woven clothing made from aerogel. 【答案】56. B 57. A 58. B 59. C 60. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍的是中国科学家取得的重大突破——用气凝胶织出冬季毛衣，该衣服具有轻薄耐穿，可水洗可染色，伸缩性强，保暖性好等优点。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Its high porosity (多孔性) gives it exceptional heat resistance, but this also makes it fragile and challenging to process, limiting its use in civilian applications.(它的高孔隙率使其具有优异的耐热性，但这也使其易碎且难以加工，限制了其在民用应用中的使用。)”可知，传统气凝胶的特点是耐高温。 【57题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation as well as NASA have used EAF in Mars rovers, which endure extreme temperatures ranging from thousands of degrees during the Martian landing to -130 degrees Celsius (-202 degrees Fahrenheit) on the planet’s surface.(中国航天科工集团公司和美国宇航局已经在火星探测器上使用了EAF，这些探测器在火星着陆期间可以承受数千度到火星表面零下130摄氏度(零下202华氏度)的极端温度。)”和第五段“In an experiment, a volunteer wore textiles (纺织品) made of EAF, down, wool, and cotton in a -20 degree Celsius environment. The surface temperatures of these materials were 3.5 degrees, 3.8 degrees, 7.2 degrees, and 10.8 degrees respectively, indicating the superior insulation of EAF. (在一项实验中，一名志愿者在零下20摄氏度的环境中穿着由EAF、羽绒、羊毛和棉花制成的纺织品。这些材料的表面温度分别为3.5度、3.8度、7.2度和10.8度，说明EAF的隔热性较好。)”可知，EAF在耐受极端温度方面的优势是基于研究统计数据的。 【58题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation as well as NASA have used EAF in Mars rovers(中国航天科工集团和美国国家航空航天局（NASA）已在火星车上使用了EAF)”可知，EAF在航天领域有着巨大的应用潜力；根据第五段“In an experiment, a volunteer wore textiles (纺织品) made of EAF, down, wool, and cotton in a -20 degree Celsius environment.(在一项实验中，一名志愿者在零下20摄氏度的环境中穿着由EAF、羽绒、羊毛和棉花制成的纺织品。)”可知，志愿者穿着EAF织物进行实验，其说明了EAF在民用中的巨大潜力；根据最后一段““EAF textiles feature excellent thermal insulation and multi-function and have great potential in areas such as military uniforms and space suits in extremely cold environments,” Professor Zhang noted in a paper.(张教授在一篇论文中指出：“EAF纺织品具有优异的隔热性能和多功能性，在极端寒冷环境下的军用制服和太空服等领域具有巨大潜力。”)”可知，EAF在军用方面有着巨大的使用潜力。故EAF在民用、军事和航天产业都有着应用潜力。 【59题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“However, he also noted the gap between existing technology and capacity for mass production. “Challenges exist regarding how to develop fast spinning technology and resolve the continuous fabrication that is necessary for mass production.”(然而，他也指出了现有技术与大规模生产能力之间的差距。“如何发展快速纺丝技术，解决大规模生产所必需的连续加工问题，是目前面临的挑战。”)”可知，Zhang Xuetong的研究发现，如果克服了快速纺丝技术的障碍，大规模生产是可能的。 【60题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Chinese scientists have created a breakthrough fibre that can be woven into warm, lightweight clothing using aerogel, a thermal insulation (热绝缘) material mainly used in the aerospace industry.(中国科学家发明了一种突破性的纤维，可以用气凝胶编织成温暖、轻便的衣服。气凝胶是一种主要用于航空航天工业的隔热材料。)”可知，本文主要讲述中国科学家用气凝胶织出冬季衣服的重大突破，因此D选项“China’s newly-woven clothing made from aerogel.(中国新编织的气凝胶服装。)”符合本文标题。 Ⅱ卷（共35分） 第一节：短语填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 请用所给短语的正确形式填空，每个短语只能使用一次。 on the edge of one’s seat, tick all the right boxes, transform… into…, date back to, live up to, end up, in particular, regardless of, result in, have nothing to do with 61. We should always treat everyone with kindness and respect ________ their age, social status, cultural background or personal beliefs. 62. Being distracted and absent-minded in class will ________ poor academic performance. 63. The historical drama about the Silk Road kept him ________ from the first minute to the final climax. 64. The graduate’s job application failed to ________ with the hiring manager, so he did not get the offer he had been looking forward to. 65. With the joint efforts of teachers and students, the old and unused classroom ________ a warm, creative reading space the other day, where students explored books and shared ideas freely. 66. The ancient wooden architecture in the mountain village ________ the early Ming Dynasty is a precious cultural relic that has survived for more than 600 years. 67. As a high school teacher, I will always strive to ________ the trust and high expectations of my students and their parents. 68. If you keep putting off your study tasks every day, you will ________ falling far behind your classmates and regretting your laziness when the final exam comes. 69. I am deeply interested in all forms of traditional Chinese culture, Peking Opera ________, which combines singing, dancing; acting and martial arts into a unique and charming art form. 70. Some people wrongly think that traditional culture ________ our modern life, but actually it is still very important and influences us in many ways. 【答案】61. regardless of 62. result in 63. on the edge of his seat 64. tick all the right boxes 65. was transformed into 66. dating back to 67. live up to 68. end up 69. in particular 70. has nothing to do with 【解析】 【61题详解】 句意：无论对方的年龄、社会地位、文化背景或个人信仰如何，我们都应该以善意和尊重对待每一个人。根据句意可知，此处意为“无论......，不管......”，故应用短语regardless of。 【62题详解】 句意：上课时分心走神会导致学业成绩不佳。此处意为“导致”，故应用短语result in在句中作谓语动词，且空前有情态动词will，故此处应用动词原形，故填result in。 【63题详解】 句意：这部关于丝绸之路的历史剧让他从头到尾都紧张不安。此处在句中作宾补，意为“紧张得坐立不安”，宾语为him，故应用介词短语on the edge of his seat在句中作宾补。 【64题详解】 句意：那位毕业生的求职申请未能满足招聘经理的所有要求，因此他没有得到自己一直期待的工作机会。此处意为“符合所有要求”，故应用动词短语tick all the right boxes，与空前的to构成不定式作fail的宾语。 【65题详解】 句意：在师生们的共同努力下，那间又旧又没人用的教室前几天被改造成了一个温馨、有创意的阅读空间，学生们在那里自由探索书籍、分享想法。此处意为“改造成，转变成”，故应用动词短语transform...into...在句中作谓语动词，主语为the old and unused classroom，为单数，与transform之间为被动关系，且根据后文explored可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时的被动was transformed。 【66题详解】 句意：那座位于山村、历史可追溯到明初的古老木结构建筑是一件珍贵文物，已经保存了六百多年。此处意为“追溯到”，故应用短语date back to在句中作village的后置定语，date back to与village之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词形式dating back to。 【67题详解】 句意：作为一名高中教师，我将始终努力不辜负学生及其家长对我的信任和殷切期望。此处意为“不辜负，达到”，故应用动词短语live up to，与空前的to构成不定式，在句中作strive的宾语。 【68题详解】 句意：如果你每天都拖延学习任务，最终你会在期末考试时远远落后于同学，并因自己的懒惰而后悔不已。此处意为“最终......”，故应用动词短语end up在句中作谓语动词，且空前有情态动词will，故应用动词原形。 【69题详解】 句意：我对中国各种形式的传统文化都深感兴趣，尤其是京剧——它将唱、念、做、打融合成一种独特而迷人的艺术形式。此处意为“尤其，特别”，故应用短语in particular。 【70题详解】 句意：有些人错误地认为传统文化与现代生活毫无关系，但实际上传统文化仍然非常重要，并在许多方面影响着我们。此处意为“与......毫无关系”，故应用动词短语have nothing to do with在句中作谓语动词，主语为traditional culture，为单数，且此处陈述客观事实，故应用一般现在时has nothing to do with。 第二节：词汇填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 根据给出的首字母，填写单词的正确形式，每空一词。 71. To prevent risks of pollution in the cold chain, Xicheng District has ordered r________ (频繁的，经常的) testing of all employees involved in the cold chain, catering and food industries.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】regular##egular 【解析】 【详解】句意：为防范冷链中的污染风险，西城区已下令对所有涉及冷链、餐饮和食品行业的员工进行定期检测。根据中英文提示，需用形容词regular修饰名词testing，意为“定期的；频繁的”，在句中作定语。 72. Her mother’s presence gave the girl a sense of peace and c________ (满足).  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】contentment##ontentment 【解析】 【详解】句意：她母亲的出现给了这个女孩一种平静和满足的感觉。“满足”使用名词contentment，作of的宾语。 73. Our government should make laws to forbid the use of p________ (塑料制的) bags in supermarkets.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】plastic##lastic 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们的政府应该制定法律禁止超市使用塑料袋。这里需要一个形容词修饰名词bags，plastic意为“塑料制的”，在句中作定语。 74. He tried to p________ (说服) me into buying insurance for my son.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】persuade##ersuade 【解析】 【详解】句意：他试图说服我为儿子买保险。“说服”使用动词persuade，try to do sth.“试图做某事”，空处应用动词原形与to构成不定式形式作宾语。 75. The group expressed its a________ (生气，愤怒) about the company’s arrogance.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】anger##nger 【解析】 【详解】句意：该团体对这家公司的傲慢态度表达了愤怒。根据汉语提示“生气，愤怒”和首字母可知，此处为名词anger，作宾语。 76. Born in a traditional family, Rick was brought up to develop the sense of r________ (责任) and sharing.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】responsibility##esponsibility 【解析】 【详解】句意：里克出生于一个传统家庭，从小被培养出责任意识与分享意识。根据汉语提示“责任”和首字母可知，此处为名词responsibility，作宾语。 77. They find it important to give their children e ________ (情感的) support.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】emotional##motional 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们发现给予孩子情感上的支持很重要。这里需要一个形容词修饰名词support，emotional意为“情感的”，在句中作定语，表明支持是关于情感方面的。 78. It is most likely that Mr Smith asked p________ (先前的) volunteers about voluntary work.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】previous##revious 【解析】 【详解】句意：史密斯先生很可能向先前的志愿者询问过志愿工作的情况。“先前的”作定语修饰名词volunteers，结合首字母提示用形容词previous。 79. Cathy had to q________ (离开，离任) her job after her son was born so that she could stay home and raise her son.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】quit##uit 【解析】 【详解】句意：凯茜在儿子出生后不得不辞去工作，以便待在家里抚养孩子。根据汉语提示“离开，离任”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词quit，had to后面接动词原形。 80. The editor a________ (承认) that there had been some printing errors in the newspaper.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】admitted##dmitted##acknowledged##cknowledged 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位编辑承认，这份报纸存在多处印刷错误。根据所给中英文提示可知，此处应用动词“admit/acknowledge承认”在句中作谓语动词，主语为The editor，与admit/acknowledge之间为主动关系，且根据后文had been可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时admitted/acknowledged。 第三节： 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways. Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him. They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes. Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection, Mabry thanked them all. “They’re like my children,” Mabry said. On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they’re not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break. He knows most of the kids at the school, but can’t name each one. Some of them make him know them. Like Faith, who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug. “He won’t brag(夸耀) on himself, but it doesn’t matter what he’s doing or where he is, he will always stop what he’s doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He’s the most loved one in this building,” said Lori Gilreath, a reading teacher. Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don’t want to touch. He doesn’t expect a lot. Mabry said he hadn’t planned to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy the students had prepared the surprise celebration. Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card from a student stood out to him. It read: “Mr. Haze, you are my sunshine.” 81. What is Mabry’s daily work as a school keeper？（no more than 5 words） 82. How did the students celebrate Mabry’s birthday？（no more than 15 words） 83. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（1 word） 84. Why is Mabry’s presence at the school important？（no more than 10 words） 85. Who is the “sunshine” in your life？Please explain. （no more than 20 words） 【答案】81. Cleaning the（school）building. Or: Doing（the）cleaning. Or: He cleans the（school）building. Or: He does（the）cleaning. 82. By lining the hallways，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，handing him cards，and hugging him. Or: By lining the hallways with（handmade）cards，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，and hugging him. Or: They lined the hallways，blew noisemakers，sang a song，handed him cards，and hugged him. Or: They lined the hallways with（handmade）cards，blew noisemakers，sang a song，and hugged him. 83. Love. Or: Liking. Or: Fondness. 84. （Because）he loves/cares about（the）students and works hard. Or: （Because）he loves（the）students and is devoted to his work. Or: （Because）he is kind/caring/helpful to the students，and hard-working. Or: （Because）he is regarded as a kind/warm-hearted/helpful/caring and hard-working man. 85. My father/mother. （Because）he/she loves me and encourages me when I'm faced/confronted with difficulties. Or: My teacher. （Because）he/she cares about me and prepares me for my future career. Or: My friend. （Because）he/she brings me joy/happiness and gives me a lot of comfort/help/encouragement. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文中记叙了一位清洁工Mabry，他的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。Mabry爱学生，关心学生。学生们也尊敬他，喜欢他。在他80生日那天，学生们用自己的方式帮他庆祝生日，表达了对Mabry的热爱。 【81题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.可知，Haze Mabry是一位清洁工，他的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。因此本句的答案可为：Cleaning the (school) building；Or：doing (the) cleaning；Or: He cleans the (school) building；Or: He does (the) cleaning. 【82题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him.可知，上个周五，他发现几乎有800名学生在走廊里排队，拿着手制卡片，吹口哨，为他唱了一首响亮的生日快乐歌，拥抱他。因此答案为：By lining the hallways, blowing noisemakers, singing a song, handing him cards, and hugging him. Or: By lining the hallways with (handmade) cards, blowing noisemakers, singing a song, and hugging him. Or: They lined the hallways, blew noisemakers, sang a song, handed him cards, and hugged him. Or: They lined the hallways with (handmade) card, blew noisemakers, sang a song, handed him cards, and hugged him. 【83题详解】 猜测词义题。根据第二段学生们为Mabry庆祝生日的方式和划线词后的内容Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection, Mabry thanked them all. “They’re like my children,” Mabry said.可知，Mabry爱学生，把学生当作自己的孩子。那么学生们也表达了他们对Mabry的热爱。因此Mabry被学生的爱所感动，故所以“affection”相当于“Love”，故填love，Or: liking. Or: Fondness. 【84题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容he will always stop what he’s doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He’s the most loved one in this building,”以及最后一段Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don’t want to touch. He doesn’t expect a lot.可知，Mabry关心爱护孩子，帮助孩子，是一个善良、热心的人。一个不怕脏不怕累、勤奋工作的人。因此答案为： (Because) he loves/cares about（the）students and works hard. Or: (Because) he loves the students and devoted to his work. Or: (Because) he is kind/caring /helping to the students , and hard-working. Or: (Because) he is regarded as a kind /warm-hearted /helpful/caring and hard-working man. 【85题详解】 考查综合表达能力。本题的题目：who is the “sunshine” in your life?（谁是你生活中的阳光？）只要在生活或学习中帮助过你，关心你、爱护你的，鼓励你，安慰你的都可称为your sunshine。因此答案可为： My father/mother.(Because) he/she loves me and encouraged me when I’m faced/confronted with difficulties. Or: My teacher.(Because) he/she cares about me and prepares me for my future career. Or: My friend.(Because) he/she brings me joy/happiness and gives me a lot of comfort/ help/ encouragement. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 南开中学2025-2026学年度第二学期质量监测（一） 高一英语试卷 考试时间：110分钟 Ⅰ卷（共115分） 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（主观题）两部分，共150分。考试结束后，请交回答题纸。 第一部分：听力（共20题，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man usually do on weekends? A. Go hiking. B. Do the cleaning. C. Rest at home. 2. Why does George look tired? A. He had a long flight. B. He walked on the beach. C. He didn’t sleep well in the hotel. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In an office. C. In a station. 4. What does the woman mean? A. She will cancel the party. B. There is plenty of food at the party. C. The man should’ve invited his workmates. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A race. B. Healthy diet. C. The man’s brother. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When will the man probably visit the shop? A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Tomorrow afternoon. 7. What is the woman’s problem? A. She can’t use the copy machine. B. She lost a telephone number. C. She has a busy schedule. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Place an order. B. Recommend a product. C. Reduce a price. 9. What will the man do with a video camera? A. Record his travels. B. Use it for a class. C. Send it as a gift. 10. What does the woman say about the Sepler 83? A. It is highly praised. B. It is a new model. C. It is easy to use. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is making the woman late for the dinner? A. The car trouble. B. The heavy traffic. C. The long meeting. 12. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Give her a ride. B. Meet her at a bus stop. C. Call a customer. 13. Where could the man most probably be? A. In a restaurant. B. In a museum. C. In a park. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Where does the man live? A. Beside a supermarket. B. Near a cake shop. C. Across from a school. 15. How does the woman get to work? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car. 16. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Move house. B. Go shopping. C. Collect the man. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is on special offer? A. Family tickets. B. Teenagers’ tickets. C. Children’s tickets. 18. When will the special offer end? A. On June 21. B. On June 25. C. On June 30. 19. What do we know about the newest slides? A. They are the biggest in the state. B. They are popular with kids. C. They are less exciting. 20. What does the speaker suggest people do in the end? A. Visit the website for more information. B. Protect themselves from the sun. C. Book tickets soon. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项选择（共15题，每题1分，满分15分） 1. —Did you have butterflies in your stomach at the interview? —______. That was my first job interview. A. It depends B. Not really C. You bet D. I mean it 2. Whichever and whatever you like, there is an ______ theme park that will appeal to you. A. initial B. incredible C. identical D. internal 3. It was the culture, ________ the language that made it hard for him to ________ the new environment abroad. A. rather than; adapt to B. other than; contribute to C. rather than; live up to D. other than; get down to 4. The newly appointed CEO was eager to ______ the challenge of revitalizing the company’s declining market share, believing that innovative strategies would drive growth and customer engagement. A. take off B. take on C. take down D. take in 5. It is vital to ______ to teenagers the simple fact that _______ the Internet will more or less do harm to both mental and physical health. A. get over; addicted to B. get across; being addicted to C. get through; addicting to D. get down; addicting themselves to 6. The amazing experience of skiing in the Alps made her ______ her own inner strength and passion for sports, which deeply ______her to keep going forward. A. identify; inspired B. display; inspires C. adapt; inspires D. monitor; inspired 7. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. —With so much work ________ my mind, I’ll almost ________. A. filling, break out B. filling, break down C. filled, break out D. filled, break down 8. ________ his high social status, it is really hard for us to _________his joining us in going west to teach children there. A. Considering; oppose B. Considered; prevent from C. To consider; persuade D. Being considered; object to 9. During the last three decades, the number of people ________ in physical fitness programs ________ sharply. A. to participate; was increasing B. participating; has increased C. participating; had increased D. to participate; will be increasing 10. The system, ______ the success of our project largely depends, requires regular maintenance and updates, without ______ we cannot guarantee its stable operation in the long run. A. where, that B. on which; which C. that; which D. to which; that 11. —Mr. Hu, have you finished correcting the papers? —Not yet, the papers _______. You _______ get the results from me by tomorrow. A. are corrected; will B. are being correcting; should C. are being corrected; shall D. are being corrected; would 12. Occasions are not uncommon ________ we have to cancel our plan due to something unexpected. A. what B. that C. which D. when 13. —What makes him so cheerful these days? —________a key university. A. Admitted into B. Admitting C. Having been admitted into D. Being admitted into 14. It is reported that some journalists from certain presses got themselves ________ false reporting the mine disaster and they are accused of accepting money. A. involved in B. involved with C. to be involved in D. to be involved with 15. —You won't believe it, Tom. I was chosen as an exchange student to China. —Congratulations! ________. A. That's something B. That's all right C. You got it D. You did a good job 第二节、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___16___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____17____ in our lives. When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no ___18___ of knowing that his life was to change ____19____. The class experiment that day was to ____20____ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____21____, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ____22____ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container ___23___, leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes. When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents ____24____ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______25______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as ______26______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______27______ public speaker. Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from ______28______ for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to _____29_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue _____30_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ______31______ Wilson made to preventing the ______32______. Wilson received several international ______33______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a _____34_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______35______ our lives-it’s what we make of what happens. 16. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects 17. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps 18. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure 19. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely 20. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare 21. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus 22. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily 23. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed 24. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed 25. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to 26. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic 27. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent 28. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness 29. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept 30. A. until B. when C. unless D. before 31. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations 32. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential 33. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses 34. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision 35. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits 第三部分：阅读理解（共25小题，每小题2分，满分50分） A Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion (凝聚力), make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let’s check out our list of four inspiring urban gardens in the US. Gotham Greens Where: New York & Chicago What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100,000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn’t just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students Where: Baltimore, Maryland What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students (BUGS) program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don’t have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food. ReVision Urban Farm Where: Boston, Massachusetts What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home — a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm’s fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty. Swale Where: New York What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines — each one complementing the other in a co-existing relationship. 36. In the passage, what does the word “flagship” in “Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100,000 pounds of greens per year.” probably mean? A. the most important or successful one B. the smallest and least productive one C. the newest and most experimental one D. the most expensive and luxurious one 37. Which urban garden offers first-hand farming experience? A. Gotham Greens. B. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students. C. ReVision Urban Farm. D. Swale. 38. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a service provided by ReVision Urban Farm? A. Providing fresh vegetables to families. B. Offering job training to parents. C. Educating families about healthy eating. D. Organizing after-school programs for children. 39. Why might Swale be considered an “innovative” urban garden? A. It grows only vegetables and herbs in traditional gardens. B. It operates on a boat and combines art with education. C. It provides food exclusively to homeless families. D. It focuses mainly on after-school gardening programs. 40. What do these four urban gardens have in common? A. They are inspirational multinational project. B. They have educational and entertaining purposes. C. They create job opportunities for farmers. D. They are important for city residents. B One freezing morning last February, I walked through Ontario Place. Trees were frosted sculptures. Large chunks of ice floated in the lake. Then I saw a group of people in bathing suits bouncing up and down in the water. They held hands, shouting and yelling into the sky. They looked and sounded so free. I’ve always found cold water thrilling. The shock of it is like pressing a switch. It seems to reset my body and soul. And last winter, I definitely needed a reset. I woke up most mornings with a dull, grey feeling as I forced myself out of bed to start the day. I needed something to cheer myself up, but I didn’t know what, until that day. The ice warriors (勇士) emerged from the lake, their skin steaming. Trembling, they were yet laughing and hugging each other. I called out: “You guys are awesome!” One woman waved back, “Come and join us! We’ re here every Monday morning.” The night before my first dip (游泳), I was excited and nervous. Cold water was one thing, but this icy lake was a whole other level. Should I back out? Eventually, I got up in the dark and drove to the meeting spot. After some wild warm up, I charged into the lake along with others. We yelled into the sky. Teeth chattering heart rates slowing, fingers and toes going numb (麻木), we stayed there for somewhere between two and five minutes. Knowing it was my first time, people cheered me on. It felt amazing. I was stupid with cold, but I couldn’t remember the last time I’d felt so happy. Now I go dipping almost every day, and I’ve come to long for that moment when the cold becomes a second skin and my internal voice goes silent. Apart from the thrill of those first heart-stopping dives, which, ironically, saved me from going under, what has drawn me is this community of generous, open-hearted souls. We laughed together, often, but from the stories we’ve shared about ourselves, I know I’m not the only one who faces life’s challenges. Holding hands in the freezing lake, we looked out for each other last winter and will do so through this one. It won’t fix everything in our lives—but for some reason, it helps. At the end of each session I return home feeling stronger, lighter, more able to carry on. As another winter sets in, I’m more than ready to embrace the cold again. 41. When the author saw the people in the lake, her feeling can be best described as __________ A. nervous B. amazed C. frightened D. calm 42. Why did the author think of joining the swimmers? A. To expand her social circle. B. To lift her spirits again. C. To adapt to the cold weather. D. To prepare for a new career 43. What can be learnt about the author’s first dipping? A. She hesitated a bit before going. B. She suffered from a heart problem. C. She stayed in cold water too long. D. She regretted not doing enough warm up. 44. What change has cold water swimming brought about in the author? A. She is more intelligent. B. She gets more competitive. C. She becomes a better storyteller. D. She regains her inner peace. 45. What message does the author most likely want to convey? A. Severe cold builds up character B. Group wisdom brightens our life. C. Tackling the odds together cures. D. Doing sports promotes friendship. C Do you have memories from when you were a baby? Most of us don’t have them. This is called “infantile amnesia (童年失忆症)”. However, these memories are actually kept in the brain until we become adults, even though we aren’t aware of them. Professor Cristina Alberini at New York University in the US found that the experiences learned in infancy are kept as hidden memories. It happens in a brain part called the hippocampus (海马体) when an infant’s brain is growing. Changes in brain chemicals help this process. Alberini conducted experiments on rats and found that boosting (促进,推动) certain chemicals later can bring back hidden memories. This shows that early memories aren’t lost but are kept. In this case, “if the children are learning difficult situations in early childhood, their brains are going to be shaped based on that experience,” Alberini told The Guardian. Her study shows these hidden memories may influence people’s learning abilities throughout their lives and contribute to some mental health illnesses. Although most of us can’t remember the things that happened to us when we were little, the age at which each person has their first memory can vary significantly. Different backgrounds may explain the difference. Professor Wang Qi at Cornell University in the US has shown that the earliest memories of Americans date back to around 3.5 years of age, almost six months earlier than in Chinese people. Wang said that this is because American people are more self-focused. However, in Asia, identity is more about the roles they play in society and relationships with others. So it may take more time for Asian babies to remember many details. How often parents talk about past experiences with their children can also influence when first memories appear. New Zealand’s Maori people have their first memories as early as at the age of 2.5, The Guardian said. Professor Elaine Reese from the University of Otago in New Zealand said it’s because the Maori culture values stories and deep conversations about past events. Conversations are key for keeping memories when kids can form mental images of the things that happened to them. 46. What did Professor Cristina Alberini discover about early memories? A. They are stored and can be awakened. B. They are removed by brain chemicals. C. They disappear as we grow older. D. They are lost in infancy. 47. According to Alberini, how do early childhood experiences influence people? A. They have no lasting effect on people. B. They contribute to the growth of the hippocampus. C. They shape the brain and could affect mental health. D. They play a part in developing interests and hobbies. 48. Why do Americans have earlier first memories compared to Chinese people? A. They have a special brain structure. B. They value relationships more. C. They are more self-focused. D. They experience less stress. 49. What does the case of Maori people’s first memories at the age of 2.5 show? A. Telling old stories helps keep memories. B. Maori people have the best memory abilities. C. Telling stories is a good way to spread culture. D. Maori people experience more events in infancy. 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Total forgetting of infant memories. B. Parental influence on early memories. C. Cultural differences in first memories. D. Hidden yet influential childhood memories. D Research shows that long-term interaction with AI chatbots can influence users’ emotional responses and social behaviors. ChatGPT users’ emotions during exchanges with ChatGPT may be mirrored or amplified (增强) by the AI, impacting their mental state. Too much reliance on chatbots may weaken real-life social connections or even worsen loneliness. However, AI has potential as an emotional support tool, helping to reduce loneliness and improve mental well-being. Thus, more research is needed to understand the emotional dependence that forms between users and AI and to guide responsible use. In a study, the Media Lab gathered almost 1,000 people to take part in a four-week trial examining how participants interacted with ChatGPT for a minimum of five minutes each day. Participants then completed a survey to measure their feelings of loneliness, levels of social engagement, and emotional dependence on the bot. The findings support earlier research. For example, in 2023 MIT Media Lab researchers found that chatbots tended to mirror the emotional state of a user’s messages — happier messages led to happier responses. Dr. Andrew Rogoyski, a director at the Surrey Institute for People-Centred Artificial Intelligence, said that because people were hard-wired to think of a machine behaving in human-like ways as a human, AI chatbots could be “dangerous”, and far more research was needed to understand their social and emotional impacts. “In my opinion, we’re messing with people’s basic emotions without knowing the long-term effects. We’ve seen the downsides of social media — this could be even worse,” he said. Dr. Theodore Cosco, a researcher at the University of Oxford, said the research raised “serious concerns about heavy chatbot usage”, though he noted it “opens the door to exciting and encouraging possibilities”. “The idea that AI systems can offer meaningful support-particularly for those who may otherwise feel lonely-is worth exploring. However, we must be thoughtful and intentional in how we integrate these tools into everyday life,” said Dr. Doris Dippold, who researches intercultural communication at the University of Surrey. She added, “It would be important to establish what causes emotional dependence on chatbots.” 51. What does the research say about the effects of long-term use of AI chatbots on users? A. It can improve their social skills. B. It can enhance their intelligence. C. It can increase their physical activity. D. It can affect their emotional experience. 52. What does the underlined word “mirror” in paragraph 3 most likely mean? A. To reflect or show B. To imitate perfectly C. To criticize or question D. To replace entirely 53. Why does Dr. Andrew Rogoyski think AI chatbots are “dangerous”? A. AI chatbots mirror users’ emotions. B. People naturally perceive AI chatbots as humans. C. Overuse of AI chatbots may increase loneliness. D. AI chatbots could potentially replace human roles. 54. What can be inferred from the experts’ comments in the last paragraph? A. Experts adopt a cautious approach to AI chatbots. B. Experts think AI chatbots’ long-term effects are clear. C. Experts agree that AI chatbots have no potential benefits. D. Experts believe emotional dependence on chatbots is fully understood. 55. What is the best title for the text? A. The Rise of AI Chatbots. B. AI Chatbots: An Emotional Double-Edged Sword. C. The Future of AI Chatbots. D. AI Chatbots Help Us Communicate. E Chinese scientists have created a breakthrough fibre that can be woven into warm, light weight clothing using aerogel, a thermal insulation (热绝缘) material mainly used in the aerospace industry. Aerogel, notable for their performance and durability, could have various applications. As the world’s lightest solid material, it has long been valued for its thermal insulation properties. Traditional aerogel, made by replacing the liquid in aerogel with air, is extraordinarily light, resembling a solid cloud of smoke. Its high porosity (多孔性) gives it exceptional heat resistance, but this also makes it fragile and challenging to process, limiting its use in civilian applications. But now, researchers at Zhejiang University have overcome aerogel’s fragility and designed an encapsulated aerogel fibre (EAF) with similar thermal insulation mechanisms — after being inspired by the structure of polar bear hair. The China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation as well as NASA have used EAF in Mars rovers, which endure extreme temperatures ranging from thousands of degrees during the Martian landing to -130 degrees Celsius (-202 degrees Fahrenheit) on the planet’s surface. In an experiment, a volunteer wore textiles (纺织品) made of EAF, down, wool, and cotton in a -20 degree Celsius environment. The surface temperatures of these materials were 3.5 degrees, 3.8 degrees, 7.2 degrees, and 10.8 degrees respectively, indicating the superior insulation of EAF. They showed the practicality of EAF by weaving a jumper and comparing its thermal insulation to common textile materials. As well as being strong and stretchable, EAF can also be washed and dyed, improving its use in practical applications. Traditional silica aerogel will absorb water and collapse on itself. As a result, it quickly loses its thermal insulation qualities in wet or humid environments. However, EAF maintains its performance even after machine washing. Professor Zhang Xuetong of the Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, highlighted the potential of the aerogel fibres in advanced thermal textiles. As well as its potential for civilian use, EAF fibre also holds promise for industries that are already familiar with aerogels. “EAF textiles feature excellent thermal insulation and multi-function and have great potential in areas such as military uniforms and space suits in extremely cold environments,” Professor Zhang noted in a paper. However, he also noted the gap between existing technology and capacity for mass production. “Challenges exist regarding how to develop fast spinning technology and resolve the continuous fabrication that is necessary for mass production.” 56. What is the characteristic of traditional aerogel? A. It can be easily processed. B. It is resistant to high temperatures. C. It is a solid cloud of smoke. D. It can effectively insulate electricity. 57. How can we conclude that EAF has the advantage in enduring extreme temperature? A. By research statistics. B. By public comments. C. By scientific prediction. D. By commercial reports. 58. What can we learn from this passage? A. EAF fibers collapse in wet environments, similar to traditional silica aerogel. B. EAF has potential applications in civilian, military, and space industries. C. EAF is currently easy to produce on a large scale. D. EAF cannot be dyed or washed. 59. Professor Zhang Xuetong’s study found that mass production could be possible if ________. A. advancement is made in thermal textiles B. there exists need for continuous fabrication C. barriers in fast spinning technology are overcome D. Aerogel’s strengths and weaknesses get balanced 60. What is the text mainly about? A. The development of aerogel fibre. B. The potential use of biomimetic (仿生的) fibre. C. Great breakthrough in aerospace industry. D. China’s newly-woven clothing made from aerogel. Ⅱ卷（共35分） 第一节：短语填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 请用所给短语的正确形式填空，每个短语只能使用一次。 on the edge of one’s seat, tick all the right boxes, transform… into…, date back to, live up to, end up, in particular, regardless of, result in, have nothing to do with 61. We should always treat everyone with kindness and respect ________ their age, social status, cultural background or personal beliefs. 62. Being distracted and absent-minded in class will ________ poor academic performance. 63. The historical drama about the Silk Road kept him ________ from the first minute to the final climax. 64. The graduate’s job application failed to ________ with the hiring manager, so he did not get the offer he had been looking forward to. 65. With the joint efforts of teachers and students, the old and unused classroom ________ a warm, creative reading space the other day, where students explored books and shared ideas freely. 66. The ancient wooden architecture in the mountain village ________ the early Ming Dynasty is a precious cultural relic that has survived for more than 600 years. 67. As a high school teacher, I will always strive to ________ the trust and high expectations of my students and their parents. 68. If you keep putting off your study tasks every day, you will ________ falling far behind your classmates and regretting your laziness when the final exam comes. 69. I am deeply interested in all forms of traditional Chinese culture, Peking Opera ________, which combines singing, dancing; acting and martial arts into a unique and charming art form. 70. Some people wrongly think that traditional culture ________ our modern life, but actually it is still very important and influences us in many ways. 第二节：词汇填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 根据给出的首字母，填写单词的正确形式，每空一词。 71. To prevent risks of pollution in the cold chain, Xicheng District has ordered r________ (频繁的，经常的) testing of all employees involved in the cold chain, catering and food industries.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 72. Her mother’s presence gave the girl a sense of peace and c________ (满足).  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 73. Our government should make laws to forbid the use of p________ (塑料制的) bags in supermarkets.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 74. He tried to p________ (说服) me into buying insurance for my son.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 75. The group expressed its a________ (生气，愤怒) about the company’s arrogance.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 76. Born in a traditional family, Rick was brought up to develop the sense of r________ (责任) and sharing.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 77. They find it important to give their children e ________ (情感的) support.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 78. It is most likely that Mr Smith asked p________ (先前的) volunteers about voluntary work.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 79. Cathy had to q________ (离开，离任) her job after her son was born so that she could stay home and raise her son.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 80. The editor a________ (承认) that there had been some printing errors in the newspaper.  (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第三节： 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways. Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him. They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes. Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection, Mabry thanked them all. “They’re like my children,” Mabry said. On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they’re not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break. He knows most of the kids at the school, but can’t name each one. Some of them make him know them. Like Faith, who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug. “He won’t brag(夸耀) on himself, but it doesn’t matter what he’s doing or where he is, he will always stop what he’s doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He’s the most loved one in this building,” said Lori Gilreath, a reading teacher. Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don’t want to touch. He doesn’t expect a lot. Mabry said he hadn’t planned to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy the students had prepared the surprise celebration. Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card from a student stood out to him. It read: “Mr. Haze, you are my sunshine.” 81. What is Mabry’s daily work as a school keeper？（no more than 5 words） 82. How did the students celebrate Mabry’s birthday？（no more than 15 words） 83. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（1 word） 84. Why is Mabry’s presence at the school important？（no more than 10 words） 85. Who is the “sunshine” in your life？Please explain. （no more than 20 words） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $