Unit 4 The art of having fun 单元核心知识点精讲精练3(Developing ideas)(1)-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册新教材外研版

Unit 4 The art of having fun 核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Developing ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Developing ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 单元重点短语集锦 1. the biggest mosquito 最大的蚊子 2. spend...doing... 花费…… 做某事 3. 26 cm long 26 厘米长 4. set a new Guinness World Record 创下一项新的吉尼斯世界纪录 5. set up a museum 建立一座博物馆 6. used to 过去常常；曾经 7. wait for days 等候数日 8. spend ...on... 在…… 上花费…… 9. come in many forms 有多种形式 10. social media 社交媒体 11. TV shows 电视节目 12. bring us so much fun 给我们带来许多乐趣 13. at first 起初；起先 14. have a little fun 找点小乐趣；放松一下 15. turn on 打开（电器、设备等） 16. take over 接管；取得对...的控制 17. eat away our time 消磨我们的时间 18. minute by minute 一分一秒地；逐渐地 19. look at the screen 看屏幕 20. at all 根本；全然（常用于否定句） 21. get lost 迷失；沉迷；迷路 22. couch potatoes 老泡在电视机前的人 23. sore necks 脖子酸痛 24. dry eyes 眼睛干涩 25. miss out (on...) 错失（……）；错过良机 26. sweet moments 甜蜜瞬间；美好时光 27. be deaf to sth 不愿听某事，不肯听取某事 28. keep...away 使…远离；避开 29. in a balanced way 以均衡的方式 30. fresh air 新鲜空气 31. play tennis 打网球 32. go hiking 去徒步旅行；远足 2、 单元重点词汇解析 1. large /lɑːdʒ/ adj.巨大的；大号的 [词汇拓展] <比较级>larger；<最高级>largest；largely (adv.)在很大程度上；主要地 medium (adj.)中号的；small (adj.)小号的 [词汇搭配] a large school 大学校；a large number of people很多人 at large 整个，全部；未被捕获的；by and large 总体上，总的来说 [词汇例句] By and large, I enjoyed my time at school. 总的说来，我在学校很开心。 [随学随练] 单项填空 My dress is too small. I need a ________ one. A．delicious B．magic C．large D．special 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的连衣裙太小了。我需要一件大的。 考查形容词辨析。delicious美味的；magic有魔力的；large大的；special特别的。根据“My dress is too small.”可知裙子太小，因此需要一件大的。故选C。 2. set /set/ v. 确立；使处于某种状况，使开始；把故事情节安排在；设置，调整好；放置，使处于；树立(榜样)，创造(纪录)，开创(先例)； (太阳)落山，落下；(n.)一套，一副，一组 [词汇拓展] <过去式> set；setting(n.)背景 [词汇搭配] set a new record 创造一个新的记录；set…free 释放；set about 开始做，着手做； set up成立；set out 出发，启程；set off出发；使爆炸；set...apart使...与众不同 a set of 一套，一副，一组 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中set的中文意思。 (1) The novel is set in London in the 1960s. 以…为…设置背景 (2) Set the alarm(闹钟) for 7 o'clock. 设置；调整好 (3) He took the box out of her hand and set it on the floor. 放置 (4) The boy set a good example for his classmates.  树立；创立；开创 (5) We sat and watched the sun setting. (太阳)落山，落下 (6) A group of boys were setting off fireworks(烟花) in the street. 使爆炸 (7) We set out for London just after ten. 出发，启程 3. interest/ˈɪntrəst/ n.兴趣；利益；v.使感兴趣，使关注 [词汇拓展] interested(adj.)感兴趣的；interesting(adj.)有趣的 [词汇搭配] take an interest in...对...感兴趣；have/show (an) interest in...对...表现出兴趣 place of interest有意思的地方，名胜； [词汇例句] I watched with interest . 我兴致勃勃地看着。 [随学随练] 用interest的适当形式填空 (1) We would be interested to hear your views on this subject. (2) By that time I had lost all interest in the idea. (3) Can't we do something more interesting? (4) It may interest you to know that Andy didn't accept the job. 4. butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/ n. 蝶 [词汇拓展] (pl.)butterflies；fly(n.)苍蝇；dragonfly(n.)蜻蜓；firefly(n.)萤火虫 [词汇搭配] have butterflies (in your stomach)（做某事前）心慌，紧张 [词汇例句] A group of monarch butterflies is flying in the park.一群帝王蝶正在公园里飞舞。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The ________ has beautiful wings and flies among flowers. A．whale B．butterfly C．ant D．frog 【答案】B 【详解】句意：蝴蝶有美丽的翅膀并且在花丛中飞舞。 考查名词辨析。whale鲸鱼；butterfly蝴蝶；ant蚂蚁；frog青蛙。根据“has beautiful wings and flies among flowers.”可知，此处描述的是一种有美丽翅膀且在花丛中飞舞的动物，只有蝴蝶有翅膀。故选B。 5. notice /'nəʊtɪs/ v.看到;听到;感觉到;注意到 n.通知；注意 [词汇搭配] notice sb. do/doing注意到某人做某事/正在做某事 put up important notices 张贴重要的通知 take notice of..注意...，理会；come to one’s notice引起某人的注意 [词汇例句] Take no notice of what he says. 别理会他说的话。 People were making fun of him but he didn't seem to notice.人们在跟他开玩笑，但他好 像没有理会。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) When I came in, I noticed him ________ the computer game. A．play B．to play C．playing D．to playing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我走进房间时，我看到他正在玩电脑游戏。 考查非谓语动词。根据“When I came in, I noticed him ... the computer game.”可知，强调注意到某人正在做某事，用现在分词playing作宾语补足语。故选C。 (2) —Where’s our brother, Tim? —I noticed him ________ the gym just now. A．to rush into B．rushes into C．rushed into D．rush into 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们的弟弟在哪，蒂姆？——我注意到他刚才冲进了体育馆。 考查非谓语。根据“I noticed him...the gym just now.”可知，此处为固定短语notice sb. do sth.“注意到某人做了某事”，空处应是rush into。故选D。 6. form /fɔːm/ /n.形式，方式；类型；表格 v. (使) 形成；组成；组织，建立 [词汇搭配] come in many forms有多种形式；in the form of...以...的形式 fill in/out a form 填表；take form逐渐成形；渐渐发展 form good habits 形成好的习惯 [词汇例句] We need to come to some form of agreement.我们需要达成某种形式的协议。 I formed many close friendships at college.我大学时结交了许多密友。 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中form的中文意思。 (1)He collects many different forms of bottles. (n.)类型，种类 (2)Pleas fill in the form first. (n.)表格 (3)Help in the form of money will be very welcome. (n.) 形式，样子 (4)I formed many close friendships at college. (v.) (使)形成 (5)He formed a band(乐队) with some friends from school. (v.) 组织；建立 7. social /ˈsəʊʃl/ adj. 社交的；社会的； n. 联谊会；联欢会 [词汇拓展] society (n.) 社会；socialize (v.) 社交；交往；socially (adv.) 社会上；社交上 [词汇搭配] social life 社交生活；social media 社交媒体；social skills社交技能 a school social 学校联谊会 [词汇例句] Some social software is making life much easier and more comfortable.一些社交软件让 生活变得更轻松、更舒适。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Simon is very ________. He always has many skills to make many friends wherever he goes. A．generous B．social C．polite D．patient 【答案】B 【详解】句意：西蒙很爱交际。他总是有很多技巧，无论走到哪里都能交到很多朋友。 考查形容词辨析。generous慷慨的；social爱交际的；polite礼貌的；patient耐心的。根据“He always has many skills to make many friends wherever he goes.”可知，Simon是爱交际的。故选B。 8. screen /skriːn/ n. 屏幕；银幕；屏风，隔板；(v.)掩藏，遮蔽；放映（电影），播放（电视节目）； 检查，筛查(以确定是否患病)； 筛选，甄别(看是否可靠) [词汇搭配] a computer screen计算机屏幕；a cinema/movie screen 电影银幕；screen time屏幕时间 [词汇例句] Dark glasses screened his eyes from the sun. 他戴了一副墨镜，保护眼睛不受阳光照射。 Some actors never watch themselves on screen. 有的演员从来不看自己拍的戏。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The movie is so interesting that I can’t take my eyes off the ________. A．paper B．window C．board D．screen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这部电影如此有趣以至于我目不转睛地盯着屏幕。 考查名词词义辨析。paper纸；window窗户；board木板；screen屏幕。根据“The movie (电影) is so interesting”可知，是目不转睛地盯着屏幕。故选D。 9. couch/kautf/ n.长沙发 [词汇拓展] (pl.) couches [词汇搭配] couch potato老泡在电视机前的人；sit on the couch 坐在沙发上 [词汇例句] I sat back down next to John on the couch.我挨着约翰坐在沙发上。 10. sore /sɔː(r)/ adj.疼痛的；酸痛的 [词汇拓展] soreness (n.) 疼痛 [词汇搭配] have a sore throat 喉咙痛；sore necks脖子酸痛；sore muscles 肌肉酸痛 [词汇例句] I have a sore throat after shouting too much. 大喊大叫后我喉咙痛。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I played basketball for a long time yesterday. Now my leg is _________. A．sore B．light C．strange D．comfortable 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我昨天打了很长时间的篮球。现在我的腿是疼痛的。 考查形容词辨析。sore疼痛的；light轻的；strange奇怪的；comfortable舒适的。根据“I played basketball for a long time yesterday.”可知，长时间运动后腿部通常会出现不适，“sore”符合因运动导致腿部疼痛的语境。故选A。 11. deaf /def/ adj.耳聋的，失聪的 [词汇拓展] deafness(n.)耳聋；blind(adj.)瞎的，盲的；dumb(adj.)哑的 [词汇搭配] be deaf to sth不愿听某事，不肯听取某事 turn a deaf ear (to sb/sth)(对…)置之不理，充耳不闻 [词汇例句] The boy was born deaf. 这个小男孩天生耳聋。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —I greeted Tom’s grandma, but she didn’t notice. —Oh, she is ________ and can hear nothing. A．deaf B．blind C．polite D．rude 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我跟汤姆的奶奶打招呼，可她没注意到。——哦，她耳聋，什么也听不见。 deaf聋的；blind盲的，失明的；polite有礼貌的；rude粗鲁的。根据“can hear nothing”可知，汤姆的奶奶耳朵聋，听不见。故填deaf。 12. balanced/balanst/ adj.均衡的 [词汇拓展] balance (v./n.)均衡；平衡 [词汇搭配] a balanced diet均衡饮食；in a balanced way以均衡的方式 [词汇例句] You should keep a balanced diet and exercise regularly.你应该保持均衡的饮食。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What do you think is the best way to stay healthy? —Doing exercise and keeping a ________ diet. A．sweet B．delicious C．balanced D．heavy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认为保持健康的最好方法是什么？——做运动并保持均衡的饮食。 sweet甜的；delicious美味的；balanced均衡的；heavy重的。根据问句“stay healthy”可知，保持健康需要均衡饮食，balanced diet 意为“均衡饮食”，符合语境。 13. jog /dʒɒɡ/ v.慢跑 [词汇拓展] <过去式>jogged；<动词-ing>jogging；jogging(n.)慢跑锻炼；jogger(n.)慢跑者 [词汇搭配] go jogging慢跑 [词汇例句] I got up early the next morning to jog. 第二天早晨我一大早起来去慢跑。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Would you like _________ with me? —Sure, I like _________ very much. A．to jog; jog B．jogging; to jog C．to jog; jogging D．jogging; jogging 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你愿意和我一起去慢跑吗？——当然，我非常喜欢慢跑。 考查动词不定式（to do）与动名词（doing）的用法。jog慢跑。第一空：考查“would like to do sth”的固定搭配，表示“要做某事”，因此用“to jog”。第二空：考查“like doing sth”的固定搭配，表示“喜欢做某事”（习惯性爱好），因此用“jogging”。故选C。 14. fresh /freʃ/ adj.新鲜的；清新的；新近的，新近出现的 [词汇拓展] freshly(adv.)刚刚，新近；freshness(n.)新鲜 [词汇搭配] fresh and delicious有新鲜又美味；fresh air清醒的空气 [词汇例句] Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables. 多吃新鲜水果和蔬菜。 [随学随练] 单项填空 — Huangshan is famous for its beautiful sights and clean environment. — Quite right. We can go there to breathe ________ air. A．wet B．dry C．fresh D．awful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——黄山以其美丽的景色和干净的环境而闻名。——没错。我们可以去那里呼吸新鲜的空气。 wet潮湿的；dry干燥的；fresh新鲜的；awful糟糕的。根据上文“clean environment”可知环境干净，推测出空气是新鲜的。 15. hike /haɪk/ v.(在......)徒步旅行,远足 [词汇拓展] hiker (n.)远足者；徒步旅行者；hiking (n.)远足；徒步旅行 [词汇搭配] go hiking 远足；徒步旅行 [词汇例句] If the weather's fine, we'll go hiking this weekend. 如果天气好，我们这个周末就去远足。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Let’s ________ this weekend. A．hiking B．go hiking C．goes hiking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：让我们这周去远足吧。 考查动词短语和使役动词let。hiking动名词；go hiking去远足；goes hiking去远足，三单形式。固定短语go hiking表示“去远足”；前面是使役动词let，后面用动词原形。故选B。 16. ours /aʊəz/(pron.)(属于)我们的 [词汇拓展] our(形容词性物主代词)我们的；we我们；us我们 [词汇用法] · we是主格人称代词，在句子充当主语成分。 We are from Shanghai. 我们来自上海。 · us是宾格人称代词，在句子充当宾语成分。 Linda told us the news. 琳达告诉了我们这个消息。 · our是形容词性物主代词，相当于形容词，后必须跟名词一起使用。 This is not our car. 这不是我们的车。 · ours是名词性物主代词，相当于名词，后不再接名词。 That yellow car is ours. 那辆黄色车是我们(的车)。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Mr. Wang teaches ________ English and he is a friend of ________. A．our; us B．our; ours C．us; us D．us; ours 【答案】D 【详解】句意：王老师教我们英语，他是我们的一个朋友。 our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词；us我们，宾格代词。第一空位于动词teaches之后，作宾语，第一空应填宾格代词us；第二空表示“我们的一个朋友”，应用双重所有格结构a friend of ours，of后接名词性物主代词，第二空应填ours。 (2) —Hi, Emma and Ella! Do you know Teng Fei? —Sure, ________ is ________ good friend and always plays sports with ________. A．she; us; our B．he; we; ours C．he; our; us D．his; our; him 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你好，艾玛和艾拉！你们知道腾飞吗？——当然，他是我们的朋友，总是和我们一起做运动。 考查代词。she她，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；he他，主格；we我们，主格；ours我们的，名词性物主代词；his他的，形容词性/名词性物主代词；him他，宾格。第一空根据“Do you know Teng Fei?”且根据“... is ... good friend”可知，空处为主语，需用主格，故排除选项D。第二空根据“good friend”可知，需填形容词性物主代词修饰，故排除选项A、B；第三空根据“with”可知，介宾结构，需填宾格。故选C。 3、 重难句型解析 1. I used to ride my bike... kilometers to find insects. · used to表示“过去常常，曾经”，后接动词原型。be used to 后接动词-ing或名词等，表示“习惯于，适应于...”。 I used to take a bus to work, but now I’m used to walking. 我过去常乘公交车去上班，但是现在习惯了走路。 · to find insects是不定式结构表目的，作目的状语。此外，不定式还常用作原因、结果状语等。 I play the flute to relax. 我吹笛子来放松。 I was so glad to meet you here. 我真的很高兴在这遇见你。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Michael used to ________ afraid of talking to strangers. Now he is used to ________ in public. A．be; speaking B．being; speaking C．be; speak D．being; speak 【答案】A 【详解】句意：迈克尔过去害怕和陌生人交谈。现在他习惯在公共场合讲话了。 第一空：used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形，因此填be。第二空：be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”，后接动名词，因此填speaking。 (2) ________ healthy and strong, we should exercise for at least half an hour every day. A．Keep B．To keep C．Keeping D．Kept 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了保持健康和强壮，我们应该每天至少锻炼半小时。 根据语境：Keep（动词原形）；To keep（动词不定式，表目的）；Keeping（现在分词，表伴随）；Kept（过去式/过去分词，表被动）。句中“锻炼”的目的是“保持健康”，动词不定式置于句首可表示目的，因此应选To keep。 2. Have you ever noticed a monster around us ? Have ...noticed...是“have+动词过去分词”构成的现在完成时结构，此句中表示“过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果”。现在完成时还用于表示“动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在结束”。 I have learned 300 Spanish words so far. 到目前为止我已经学了300个西班语单词。 [随学随练] 单项填空 So far, our green team ________ over 500 kilograms of waste paper for recycling. A．collects B．collected C．will collect D．has collected 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们的环保小组已经收集了超过 500 公斤的废纸用于回收。 根据句首“So far” (到目前为止)，这是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，句子为现在完成时，应填has collected。 3. But we just sit there and look at the screen without noticing at all. · at all表示“根本，全然”，常用于否定句，疑问句等。 The animal is not scary at all. 这动物一点也不可怕。 · without表示“没有”，是一个介词。without noticing at all表示“完全没有注意到”。 You can't make an omelette without breaking eggs. 你不可能不打破鸡蛋就做成煎蛋卷。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) I don’t like jazz ________. It’s noisy. A．a lot B．very much C．at all D．a little 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我一点也不喜欢爵士乐。太吵了。 考查副词短语。a lot很多；very much非常地；at all完全；a little一点。此处是not…at all意为“根本不，一点也不”。故选C。 (2) We can’t go to school ________ breakfast. It’s bad for our health. A．with B．at C．for D．without 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们不能不吃早饭就去上学。这对我们的健康有害。 with带有；at在；for为了；without没有。根据“It’s bad for our health.”可知，不吃早饭去上学对健康有害，空处应填表示“没有”的介词。 4. We become couch potatoes with sore necks and dry eyes. · become是系动词，此句是“主系表”结构的句型，表语通常由名词，形容词等充当。 He became a doctor two years ago. 两年前他成为了一名医生。 The leaves turn yellow in autumn. 秋天树叶会变黄。 · with sore necks and dry eyes作定语修饰couch potatoes。with表示“有...的，带有...的特征”。 We met a woman with long hair at the gate. 在大门处我们遇见一个长头发的女士。 [随学随练] 单项填空 With hard work and clear plans, you will become ________ in your studies. A．success B．successful C．succeed D．successfully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：通过努力学习和明确的计划，你将在学习上变得成功。 考查形容词作表语。success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词；succeed成功，动词；successfully成功地，副词。become是系动词，后接形容词作表语，所以此空应填形容词successful。故选B。 5. We miss out on sweet moments with loved ones. · miss out意为“错过机会”，后常跟on表示具体的某个机会。 Of course I'm coming─I don't want to miss out on all the fun! 我当然要来——我可不想错失好玩的机会。 · 此句中with表示“和...一起”。 David often plays badminton with his classmates. 大卫经常和他的同学一起打羽毛球。 · loved ones表示“被爱的人”，此句中表示“亲人”。loved是过去分词作定语此时ones，与被修饰词ones之前构成被动关系。 a used book用过的旧书；a broken chair一把坏了的椅子 6. Go outside, feel the sun on your face, and jog in the fresh air. 此句是三个祈使句并列。祈使句常用于表示建议，命令等。一般以动词原型开头。 Put down your phone, stretch your body slowly, and rest in the quiet moment.放下手机，缓缓舒展身体，在静 谧时刻放松自己。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) ________ carefully in class and review what you learn after class, and you will get a good grade. A．Listen B．To listen C．Listening 【答案】A 【详解】句意：课上仔细听讲，课后复习所学内容，你就会取得好成绩。 考查祈使句。Listen听；To listen去听；Listening听。根据“... carefully in class and review ..., and you will ...”可知，本句是“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，祈使句以动词原形开头。故选A。 (2) ________ less junk food in your free time, you will have a healthier eating habit. A．To eat B．Eat C．Eating D．Ate 【答案】B 【详解】句意：空闲时间少吃垃圾食品，你将会拥有更健康的饮食习惯。 结合分句结构可知，本句为并列劝告结构，无目的含义，用动词原形引导祈使句，故选B。 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) The elephant is a very l________ (巨大的) animal. 【答案】(l)arge 【详解】句意：大象是一种非常巨大的动物。large“巨大的”，形容词作定语。故填(l)arge。 (2) A girl is running after a ________ (蝴蝶) in the garden. 【答案】butterfly 【详解】句意：一个女孩正在花园里追逐一只蝴蝶。根据“running after a...”可知空格处需填入名词，a后加可数名词单数。括号内中文“蝴蝶”对应英文名词“butterfly”。故填butterfly。 (3) She always n________ (注意到) the small acts of kindness that make the world brighter. 【答案】notices/otices 【详解】句意：她总是注意到那些让世界更美好的小小善举。“注意到”对应的英文单词是notice。主语是“she”，为第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，动词要用第三人称单数形式notices。 (4) Paper-cutting (剪纸) is an important art ________ (形式) in China. 【答案】form 【详解】句意：剪纸是中国一种重要的艺术形式。根据“an important art...”可知，横线处需填名词，“形式”的英文表达为form，可数名词，由“an”可知，此处用单数形式。故填form。 (5) Don’t look at the s________ (屏幕) too much. It is bad for your eyes. 【答案】screen/creen 【详解】句意：不要看太多屏幕，这对你的眼睛不好。此处“the”后需接名词，“屏幕”对应的英文是screen，在句中作“look at”的宾语。故填screen。 (6) My two legs were ________ (疼痛的) after running a long distance, so I needed a good rest. 【答案】sore 【详解】句意：我的两条腿在长跑后疼痛不已，因此我需要好好休息。sore“疼痛的”，形容词作表语。故填sore。 (7) He was ________ (聋的) because of the high fever when he was young. 【答案】deaf 【详解】句意：小时候因为高烧，他耳聋了。deaf“聋的”，形容词作表语。故填deaf。 (8) To keep healthy, you should do sports and have a ________ (均衡的) diet. 【答案】balanced 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，你应该做运动并拥有均衡的饮食。 balanced“均衡的”，是形容词。此处用于修饰名词“diet”，“balanced diet”是固定搭配，意为“均衡饮食”，该词直接使用原形即可。故填balanced。 (9) He wants to ________ (慢跑) in the park every evening to keep healthy. 【答案】jog 【详解】句意：他想每天晚上在公园慢跑来保持健康。根据汉语提示可知，jog“慢跑”；want to do sth.“想要做某事”，空处用动词原形，故填jog。 (10) We should drink more ________（新鲜的）water every day to keep healthy. 【答案】fresh 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，我们应该每天多喝新鲜的水。根据汉语提示可知， fresh“新鲜的”，形容词 。故填fresh。 (11) There are many kinds of i________ (昆虫) in the park. 【答案】(i)nsects 【详解】句意：公园里有很多种昆虫。insect“昆虫”，可数名词；空前为many kinds of，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填(i)nsects。 (12) After school, we always ________ ________ （打网球）for an hour. 【答案】play tennis 【详解】句意：放学后，我们总是打一个小时的网球。“打网球”对应的英语为“play tennis”，动词短语；根据“After school, we always…”可知此处用一般现在时，主语是we，动词用原形。故填 play tennis。 (13) She ________ ________ (错过了)on a chance to study abroad. 【答案】 missed out 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空处所缺内容为“错过”，常用短语miss out on来表达。句子描述的是过去发生的“错过机会”这件事，动词miss要用过去式 missed。故填missed；out。 (14) She likes to ________ ________ (去远足) on weekends with her parents. 【答案】 go hiking 【详解】句意：她喜欢周末和父母一起去远足。go hiking“去远足”，动词短语，空前的“to” (15) Our school will ________ ________ (成立)five new clubs next year. 【答案】 set up 【详解】空处缺少的表达是“设立”，对应的动词短语是set up，will后跟动词原形。故填set；up。 (16) Once you develop ________ ________ ________(产生兴趣) English, you will learn it by heart. 【答案】 an interest in 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“对……(产生) 兴趣”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查develop an interest in“对……产生兴趣”，动词短语。故填an；interest；in。 (17) With the help of ________ ________(社交媒体), there are more chances to share the fun online now. 【答案】 social media 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“社交媒体”。social media“社交媒体”，名词短语，符合句意。故填social；media。 (18) He’s a ________ ________ (老泡在电视机前的人), and he needs to go outside and enjoy life. 【答案】 couch potato 【详解】句意：他是个老泡在电视机前的人，需要出去享受生活。“老泡在电视机前的人”是英语固定表达couch potato，为名词短语；句中a为不定冠词，后接可数名词单数，故填couch；potato。 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) They ________ (set) off and walked through the forest. 【答案】set 【详解】句意：他们出发，并穿过森林。set off意为“出发”，是固定词组，set是动词，“and”连接的是并列成分，前后两个动词词形要一致，根据其后的“walked”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，set的过去式是set。 (2) The game is ________ (interest), and everyone is ________ (interest) in it. 【答案】 interesting interested 【详解】句意：这个游戏很有趣，每个人都对它感兴趣。第一个空：主语The game为事物，be动词后需接形容词作表语，修饰事物表示“有趣的”，用interesting；第二个空：主语everyone为人，固定搭配be interested in...表示“对……感兴趣”，修饰人表示“感兴趣的”，用interested。 (3) Nowadays, more and more ________ (butterfly) come to this park in spring. 【答案】butterflies 【详解】句意：如今，越来越多的蝴蝶在春天来到这个公园。butterfly“蝴蝶”，可数名词。根据“more and more...”可知，此处应用名词复数形式，butterfly的复数形式是butterflies。 (4) When I passed by the house, I noticed a lovely dog ________ (lie) on the ground near it. 【答案】lying 【详解】句意：当我经过那座房子时，我注意到一只可爱的狗正躺在房子旁边的地上。句中“noticed”为感官动词，后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，lie的现在分词形式为lying，故填lying。 (5) If the temperature of water is at 0℃ or below it, it ________ (form) ice. 【答案】forms 【详解】如果水温处于或低于0°C，它就会结冰。form意为“形成”，为动词。本句描述的是客观事实或自然规律，条件状语从句和主句均使用一般现在时。主句主语“it”为第三人称单数，因此谓语动词“form”需要变为“forms”。故填forms。 (6) In modern ________ (social), many women want to have jobs after they get married. 【答案】society 【详解】句意：在现代社会，许多女性婚后想要工作。social“社会的”，形容词，此处应用其名词形式society“社会”。故填society。 (7) There are some ___________ (couch) for old men to rest in the park. 【答案】couches 【详解】句意：公园里有一些供老人休息的长椅。some后接可数名词的复数形式，couch的复数形式为couches。故填couches。 (8) You can open an account, check ________ (balanced) and do other banking business online. 【答案】balance 【详解】句意：你可以在线开立账户、查询余额并办理其他银行业务。此处需要一个名词，在句中作动词“check”的宾语。根据银行业务语境和提示词可知，此处应用固定搭配“check balance”表示“查询余额”。 (9) Tom usually spends thirty minutes ________ (jog) in the morning. 【答案】jogging 【详解】句意：汤姆早上通常花三十分钟慢跑。句中包含固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.，意为“花费时间做某事”，介词in可省略，后面需接动词-ing形式。jog变动词-ing形式需双写末尾辅音字母g再加-ing。 (10) Their community is beautiful, but ________ is even more beautiful. (our) 【答案】ours 【详解】句意为：他们的社区很漂亮，但我们的更漂亮。 此处需要用名词性物主代词ours作主语，相当于our community。故填ours。 (11) ________ (remember) that each of us can do something to keep the river clean! 【答案】Remember 【详解】句意：记住，我们每个人都可以做些事情来保持河流清洁！这是一个祈使句，祈使句需要用动词原形开头，用来表示命令、劝告或提醒。所以这里填Remember（首字母大写）。 (12) —How do the volunteers in the community help the poor? —By ________ (give) away food and old clothes to them. 【答案】giving 【详解】句意：——社区里的志愿者如何帮助穷人？——通过向他们捐赠食物和旧衣服。give away“捐赠”，动词短语。介词By后需跟动名词形式作宾语，表示方式。故填giving。 3. 单项填空。 (1) Before exams, I have butterflies in my stomach because I’m afraid I can’t do it well. A．am happy B．am nervous C．am excited D．am surprised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：考试之前，我很紧张因为我害怕考不好。A. am happy 开心的 B. am nervous 紧张的 C. am excited 兴奋的 D. am surprised惊讶的，根据语境考试时害怕考不好，根据我们的生活常识，考试前会有紧张的感觉，故nervous最相近，故选B。 (2) Don’t sit around thinking all the time. Getting out in the ________ air might give you new ideas. A．famous B．social C．safe D．fresh 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不要总是坐着空想，出去呼吸一下新鲜空气可能会给你新的灵感。 考查形容词辨析。famous著名的；social社交的；safe安全的；fresh新鲜的。根据“Getting out in the...air might give you new ideas.”可知，呼吸新鲜空气可能会带来新的灵感。故选D。 (3) Don’t always turn a ________ ear to my advice. It’s good for you. A． deaf B．blind C．silly D．smart 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要总是对我的建议充耳不闻。这对你有好处。 考查形容词辨析。deaf聋的；blind失明的；silly愚蠢的；smart聪明的。turn a deaf ear to“充耳不闻”，是固定搭配。故选A。 (4) Little Tom fell off the bike because he couldn’t keep ________. A．relaxed B．noisy C．satisfied D．balanced 【答案】D 【详解】句意：小汤姆从自行车上摔下来，因为他无法保持平衡。 考查形容词辨析。relaxed放松的；noisy吵闹的；satisfied满意的；balanced平衡的。根据“fell off the bike”可知，从自行车上摔下来是因为无法保持平衡。故选D。 (5) —Sam, how can I improve my English? —First, it is important to _________ good habits. A．miss B．accept C．introduce D．form 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——萨姆，我怎样才能提高我的英语？——首先，养成好习惯很重要。 miss错过，想念；accept接受；introduce介绍；form形成。根据“improve my English”以及“good habits”可知，想要提高英语需要养成好习惯，form habits意为“养成习惯”，应填form。 (6) From a young age, Franklin’s great love of learning ________ him apart from many others. A．return B．set C．tell D．provide 【答案】B 【详解】句意：从年轻时起，Franklin对学习的极大热爱使他与许多人不同。 考查动词辨析。return返回；set设置；tell告诉；provide提供。根据“Franklin’s great love of learning...him apart from many others.”可知，Franklin对学习的热爱使他显得独特，set apart“使……与众不同”。故选B。 (7) We can ________ a study group to help the disabled children in the Children’s Home. A．take up B．fix up C．set up D．stay up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们可以成立一个学习小组来帮助儿童之家的残疾儿童。 take up占据；fix up修理；set up建立、成立；stay up熬夜。根据“a study group to help the disabled children”可知，此处表示“成立”一个学习小组来帮助残疾儿童，应填set up。 (8) —Li Lin, do you spend Thanksgiving Day like Americans? —No, we don’t. It is ________ festival, not ________. A．their; our B．theirs; ours C．theirs; our D．their; ours 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——李林，你像美国人那样过感恩节吗？——不，我们不过。那是他们的节日，不是我们的。 their他们的（形容词性物主代词）；theirs他们的（名词性物主代词）；our我们的（形容词性物主代词）；ours我们的（名词性物主代词）。第一空后有名词festival，应用形容词性物主代词their；第二空后无名词，应用名词性物主代词ours；应填their; ours。 (9) ________ careful when you cross the busy street on your way to school every day. A．Being B．Be C．Is D．Are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每天上学穿过繁忙的街道时要小心。 Being现在分词；Be动词原形；Is第三人称单数；Are第二人称/复数。本句为祈使句，表示建议或命令，应以动词原形开头，且careful是形容词，需用系动词原形Be。 (10) Mr. Gao is ill in hospital. Mr. Zhang ________ his position. A．take on B．take off C．take in D．takes over 【答案】D 【详解】句意：高先生生病住院了。张先生接替了他的职位。 take on承担；呈现；take off起飞；脱掉；take in吸收；理解；takes over接管；接任根据前句“Mr. Gao is ill in hospital.”（高先生生病住院了）可知，此处表达“接管职位”，应填takes over。 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 阅读理解 A ①Junior high school life is different in every country around the world. It is full of fun and new experiences for students around the world. ②In China, Grade 7 students have six main lessons every school day. They also have interesting after-school activities, such as playing basketball or drawing. Many schools have school trips in spring, and students really enjoy these outdoor activities. ③In America, junior high school students can choose some of their lessons. They have music, art and PE lessons every week, and there are many clubs for them to join after class. Students can make new friends in the clubs easily. ④In France, junior high school students have a long lunch break for two hours. They often bring food from home and eat with their classmates together in the dining hall. They also have more free time to do what they like after school. ⑤All these school experiences are special, and they all help students enjoy a happy and meaningful school life. 1．How many main lessons do Grade 7 students in China have every school day? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight. 2．What can American students do after class? A．Join different clubs. B．Have a long lunch break. C．Go on school trips. D．Bring food from home to eat. 3．What can we know about French junior high school students? A．They have no free time after school. B．They eat lunch at home every day. C．They have more free time after school. D．They can choose all their lessons. 4．Which of the following is the best structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②/③④/⑤ D．①②/③/④⑤ 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了中国、美国、法国三个国家的初中校园生活差异，最后总结这些经历都能帮助学生拥有快乐且有意义的校园生活。 1．对应第②段：文中明确提到“In China, Grade 7 students have six main lessons every school day.”，因此中国七年级学生每天有6门主课。 2．对应第③段：文中提到“In America... there are many clubs for them to join after class.”，说明美国学生课后可以加入不同的俱乐部。 3．对应第④段：文中提到“In France... They also have more free time to do what they like after school.”，说明法国初中生课后有更多空闲时间。 4．对应全文结构：第①段是总起，点明全球初中生活各不相同；第②③④段分别介绍中国、美国、法国的初中生活，是并列的分述部分；第⑤段是总结，因此最佳结构为①/②③④/⑤。 B It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful. Too much screen time may be harmful to your health. First, it is bad for your eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes. So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone. Second, screen use can do harm to children’s brains. A new study shows that using screens too much can affect (影响) how children’s brains grow. If children use screens for more than one hour a day, they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains. White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills. So it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens. Third, using screens too much will affect your sleep. According to a study, about 95% of people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially the young people under 20. Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it’s hard for you to get enough sleep. So you’d better turn off smartphones, TVs, and all other screens an hour before your bedtime. To keep healthy, doctors and researchers strongly advise that you shouldn’t use screens for long hours. 1．The blue light from your screens can cause ________. ①eye strain        ②headaches        ③dry eyes A．① B．②③ C．①③ D．①②③ 2．According to the passage, you can’t sleep well because you ________. A．take a break every 15 minutes B．have lower levels of white matter C．use screens too much before bed D．are the people from 13 to 64 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Using smartphones for long hours does harm to your eyes. B．A lot of screen time affects children’s brain growth. C．The light from electronics at night may make you excited. D．People of all ages mustn’t use electronics. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The ways to keep healthy. B．The harm of using screens too much. C．The ways to use screens. D．The advantages of using screens. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述长时间面对电子产品的屏幕对健康的危害，最后呼吁人们不要长时间使用电子产品。 1．细节理解题。根据“the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes.”可知，屏幕的蓝光可能会造成眼疲劳、头疼以及干眼。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Third, using screens too much will affect your sleep.”以及“Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it’s hard for you to get enough sleep.”可知，睡前面对屏幕太长时间会影响睡眠。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes…A new study shows that using screens too much can affect (影响) how children’s brains grow…the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed.”可知，长时间看智能手机对眼睛有害，使用屏幕太长时间影响孩子们的大脑生长，晚上电子产品的光可能会让你兴奋，所以A、B、C选项正确，文中并没有提到所有年龄段的人禁止使用电子产品。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Too much screen time may be harmful to your health.”可知，本文主要介绍了使用电子屏幕太长时间会对身体健康造成的危害。故选B。 2. 任务型阅读 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 In 2025, many Chinese schools make their breaks longer. Now students have 15 minutes for each break. Breaks were only 10 minutes before. This change encourages students to exercise more and balance study with fun. At Jingci Primary School (小学) in Anhui, students have two kinds of breaks. In the morning, they run together to music. In the afternoon, younger students jump rope, and older students play basketball or badminton. When it rains, they dance in long hallways. Mingxi No. 2 Primary School in Fujian, puts a science activity in breaks. Students use bottles and water to make rockets (火箭). They fly the rockets on the playground. They can learn about space (太空) while having fun! At Xindong Primary School in Xiamen, students also have a science activity—robot dance. The robots can move their arms, jump and turn around. It’s just like a fun snow! In Shandong, a school plays old games like “Eagle Catches Chicken”. Students are very interested in the game because it helps them relax and make friends. They feel very happy when they play the games together. These break-time activities are not just about sports. Students also learn to think of new ideas and relax. Many students say they are happier and have more energy for class. 1．Where do the students dance on rainy days at Jingci Primary School? 2．What do students use to make rockets at Mingxi No. 2 Primary School? 3．How many schools have science activities at breaks? 4．Do students is Shandong like the game “Eagle Catches Chicken”? 5．How do the students feel after they have these break-time activities? 【答案】1．In long hallways. 2．Bottles and water. 3．Two. 4．Yes. 5．Happier and more energetic. 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了2025年中国一些学校延长课间休息时间后，不同学校开展的课间活动，这些活动有助于学生在锻炼和趣味中平衡学习。 1．根据文章第2段“When it rains, they dance in long hallways.”可知，安徽景慈小学的学生在下雨天时在长长的走廊里跳舞。故填In long hallways. 2．根据文章第3段“Students use bottles and water to make rockets (火箭).”可知，福建明溪第二小学的学生用瓶子和水制作火箭。故填Bottles and water. 3．根据文章第3段“Mingxi No. 2 Primary School in Fujian, puts a science activity in breaks.”以及第4段“At Xindong Primary School in Xiamen, students also have a science activity—robot dance.”可知，有两所学校在课间开展科学活动。故填Two. 4．根据文章第5段“Students are very interested in the game because it helps them relax and make friends.”可知，山东的学生喜欢“老鹰捉小鸡”这个游戏。故填Yes. 5．根据文章最后一段“Many students say they are happier and have more energy for class.”可知，学生们参加这些课间活动后感觉更快乐，也更有精力上课。故填Happier and more energetic. 3. 完形填空 Last summer, 14-year-old Mia from Chicago had a tough time. She spent all her time practicing for the school piano competition, so she 1 her favorite after-school art club and even stopped hanging out with friends. She felt 2 and anxious every day, and her performance got worse instead of better. Mia’s piano teacher, Ms. Lee, noticed her stress right away. She told Mia that the key to playing well was to 3 practice and relaxation, not just push herself nonstop. She encouraged Mia to 4 a new daily schedule for drawing and walking her dog. Mia decided to follow this rule carefully 5 she could make progress without feeling too tired.      From then on, Mia stopped filling every minute with piano practice. On weekends, she would 6 her dog in the park, draw pictures in her sketchbook, or help her mom with chores. When she felt stressed from practicing, she learned to take a break to relax herself. She would do 7 fun, like listening to music or chatting with friends. After a month, Mia changed completely. She could listen to her teacher’s instructions more carefully, and her piano skills improved a lot. 8 , she played beautifully and won the second prize at the competition. After that, she was very 9 to Ms. Lee. Now she truly understands the 10 of balancing work and rest, a lesson she will carry with her forever. 1．A．joined B．dropped C．visited 2．A．nervous B．excited C．surprised 3．A．control B．compare C．balance 4．A．give up B．set up C．put up 5．A．so that B．if C．until 6．A．train B．walk C．feed 7．A．nothing B．something C．everything 8．A．Surprisingly B．Negatively C．Simply 9．A．joyful B．hurtful C．thankful 10．A．importance B．kindness C．spirit 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了芝加哥14岁女孩Mia为备战学校钢琴比赛过度练习，在老师的建议下学会平衡练习与休息，最终不仅琴艺大幅提升、在比赛中获奖，还明白了劳逸结合重要性的故事。 1．句意：她把所有时间都花在学校钢琴比赛的练习上，所以她退出了她最喜欢的课外艺术俱乐部，甚至不再和朋友出去玩。 根据上下文，Mia为练琴放弃了课外俱乐部活动，此处需表达“退出、放弃”的含义。dropped表示“退出，放弃”，符合语境； joined意为“加入”，visited意为“拜访”，均与“放弃活动”的语境逻辑不符。 2．句意：她每天都感到紧张和焦虑，她的表现不但没有变好，反而越来越差。 根据上下文，Mia过度练琴导致压力大，此处需与anxious并列，表达紧张焦虑的情绪。nervous意为“紧张的”，与anxious语义呼应，符合语境；excited意为“兴奋的”，surprised意为“惊讶的”，均与“压力大、状态差”的语境不符。 3．句意：她告诉Mia，弹好琴的关键是平衡练习和放松，而不是一味地逼自己。 根据上下文，老师建议Mia兼顾练习与休息，此处需表达“平衡”的含义。balance意为“平衡”，符合“兼顾练习与放松”的语境；control意为“控制”，compare意为“比较”，均不符合此处语义。 4．句意：她鼓励Mia为画画和遛狗制定一个新的日常计划。 根据上下文，老师建议Mia制定新的日程表，此处需表达“制定、设立”的含义。set up意为“制定，设立”，与“schedule”搭配合理；give up意为“放弃”，put up意为“张贴，搭建”，均与“制定计划”的语境不符。 5．句意：Mia决定认真遵守这个规则，以便她可以在不太累的情况下取得进步。 根据上下文，“遵守规则”的目的是“取得进步且不累”，此处需引导目的状语从句。so that意为“以便，为了”，可引导目的状语从句，符合语境；if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句；until意为“直到”，引导时间状语从句，均不符合此处目的逻辑。 6．句意：周末，她会在公园里遛狗，在速写本上画画，或者帮妈妈做家务。 根据上下文，此处搭配对象是“her dog”，表达“遛狗”的含义。walk意为“遛(狗)”，walk the dog是固定搭配，意为“遛狗”，符合语境；train意为“训练”，feed意为“喂养”，均与后文“in the park”的场景不符。 7．句意：她会做一些有趣的事，比如听音乐或和朋友聊天。 根据上下文，此处表达“一些有趣的事”，为肯定句，需用不定代词something，意为“某事，某物”，用于肯定句中表示不确定的事物；nothing意为“没有什么”，everything意为“一切”，均与语境不符。 8．句意：令人惊讶的是，她弹得非常好，在比赛中获得了二等奖。 根据上下文，Mia的进步超出预期，此处需表达“令人惊讶的是”的含义。Surprisingly意为“令人惊讶地”，符合此处“进步显著并获奖”的语境；Negatively意为“消极地”，Simply意为“简单地”，均与语境不符。 9．句意：在那之后，她非常感激李老师。 根据上下文，李老师的建议帮助Mia取得了进步并获奖，此处需表达“感激的”含义。thankful意为“感激的”，符合语境；joyful意为“高兴的”，hurtful意为“受伤的”，均与“对老师的态度”语境不符。 10．句意：现在她真正明白了劳逸结合的重要性，这是她将永远铭记的一课。 根据上下文，Mia通过经历明白了劳逸结合的重要性，此处需表达“重要性”的含义。importance意为“重要性”，符合语境；kindness意为“善良”，spirit意为“精神”，均与语境不符。 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 The art of having fun 核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Developing ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Developing ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 单元重点短语集锦 1. the biggest mosquito 最大的蚊子 2. spend...doing... 花费…… 做某事 3. 26 cm long 26 厘米长 4. set a new Guinness World Record 创下一项新的吉尼斯世界纪录 5. set up a museum 建立一座博物馆 6. used to 过去常常；曾经 7. wait for days 等候数日 8. spend ...on... 在…… 上花费…… 9. come in many forms 有多种形式 10. social media 社交媒体 11. TV shows 电视节目 12. bring us so much fun 给我们带来许多乐趣 13. at first 起初；起先 14. have a little fun 找点小乐趣；放松一下 15. turn on 打开（电器、设备等） 16. take over 接管；取得对...的控制 17. eat away our time 消磨我们的时间 18. minute by minute 一分一秒地；逐渐地 19. look at the screen 看屏幕 20. at all 根本；全然（常用于否定句） 21. get lost 迷失；沉迷；迷路 22. couch potatoes 老泡在电视机前的人 23. sore necks 脖子酸痛 24. dry eyes 眼睛干涩 25. miss out (on...) 错失（……）；错过良机 26. sweet moments 甜蜜瞬间；美好时光 27. be deaf to sth 不愿听某事，不肯听取某事 28. keep...away 使…远离；避开 29. in a balanced way 以均衡的方式 30. fresh air 新鲜空气 31. play tennis 打网球 32. go hiking 去徒步旅行；远足 2、 单元重点词汇解析 1. large /lɑːdʒ/ adj.巨大的；大号的 [词汇拓展] <比较级>larger；<最高级>largest；largely (adv.)在很大程度上；主要地 medium (adj.)中号的；small (adj.)小号的 [词汇搭配] a large school 大学校；a large number of people很多人 at large 整个，全部；未被捕获的；by and large 总体上，总的来说 [词汇例句] By and large, I enjoyed my time at school. 总的说来，我在学校很开心。 [随学随练] 单项填空 My dress is too small. I need a ________ one. A．delicious B．magic C．large D．special 2. set /set/ v. 确立；使处于某种状况，使开始；把故事情节安排在；设置，调整好；放置，使处于；树立(榜样)，创造(纪录)，开创(先例)； (太阳)落山，落下；(n.)一套，一副，一组 [词汇拓展] <过去式> set；setting(n.)背景 [词汇搭配] set a new record 创造一个新的记录；set…free 释放；set about 开始做，着手做； set up成立；set out 出发，启程；set off出发；使爆炸；set...apart使...与众不同 a set of 一套，一副，一组 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中set的中文意思。 (1) The novel is set in London in the 1960s. (2) Set the alarm(闹钟) for 7 o'clock. (3) He took the box out of her hand and set it on the floor. (4) The boy set a good example for his classmates. (5) We sat and watched the sun setting. (6) A group of boys were setting off fireworks(烟花) in the street. (7) We set out for London just after ten. 3. interest/ˈɪntrəst/ n.兴趣；利益；v.使感兴趣，使关注 [词汇拓展] interested(adj.)感兴趣的；interesting(adj.)有趣的 [词汇搭配] take an interest in...对...感兴趣；have/show (an) interest in...对...表现出兴趣 place of interest有意思的地方，名胜； [词汇例句] I watched with interest . 我兴致勃勃地看着。 [随学随练] 用interest的适当形式填空 (1) We would be to hear your views on this subject. (2) By that time I had lost all in the idea. (3) Can't we do something more ? (4) It may you to know that Andy didn't accept the job. 4. butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/ n. 蝶 [词汇拓展] (pl.)butterflies；fly(n.)苍蝇；dragonfly(n.)蜻蜓；firefly(n.)萤火虫 [词汇搭配] have butterflies (in your stomach)（做某事前）心慌，紧张 [词汇例句] A group of monarch butterflies is flying in the park.一群帝王蝶正在公园里飞舞。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The ________ has beautiful wings and flies among flowers. A．whale B．butterfly C．ant D．frog 5. notice /'nəʊtɪs/ v.看到;听到;感觉到;注意到 n.通知；注意 [词汇搭配] notice sb. do/doing注意到某人做某事/正在做某事 put up important notices 张贴重要的通知 take notice of..注意...，理会；come to one’s notice引起某人的注意 [词汇例句] Take no notice of what he says. 别理会他说的话。 People were making fun of him but he didn't seem to notice.人们在跟他开玩笑，但他好 像没有理会。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) When I came in, I noticed him ________ the computer game. A．play B．to play C．playing D．to playing (2) —Where’s our brother, Tim? —I noticed him ________ the gym just now. A．to rush into B．rushes into C．rushed into D．rush into 6. form /fɔːm/ /n.形式，方式；类型；表格 v. (使) 形成；组成；组织，建立 [词汇搭配] come in many forms有多种形式；in the form of...以...的形式 fill in/out a form 填表；take form逐渐成形；渐渐发展 form good habits 形成好的习惯 [词汇例句] We need to come to some form of agreement.我们需要达成某种形式的协议。 I formed many close friendships at college.我大学时结交了许多密友。 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中form的中文意思。 (1)He collects many different forms of bottles. (2)Pleas fill in the form first. (3)Help in the form of money will be very welcome. (4)I formed many close friendships at college. (5)He formed a band(乐队) with some friends from school. 7. social /ˈsəʊʃl/ adj. 社交的；社会的； n. 联谊会；联欢会 [词汇拓展] society (n.) 社会；socialize (v.) 社交；交往；socially (adv.) 社会上；社交上 [词汇搭配] social life 社交生活；social media 社交媒体；social skills社交技能 a school social 学校联谊会 [词汇例句] Some social software is making life much easier and more comfortable.一些社交软件让 生活变得更轻松、更舒适。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Simon is very ________. He always has many skills to make many friends wherever he goes. A．generous B．social C．polite D．patient 8. screen /skriːn/ n. 屏幕；银幕；屏风，隔板；(v.)掩藏，遮蔽；放映（电影），播放（电视节目）； 检查，筛查(以确定是否患病)； 筛选，甄别(看是否可靠) [词汇搭配] a computer screen计算机屏幕；a cinema/movie screen 电影银幕；screen time屏幕时间 [词汇例句] Dark glasses screened his eyes from the sun. 他戴了一副墨镜，保护眼睛不受阳光照射。 Some actors never watch themselves on screen. 有的演员从来不看自己拍的戏。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The movie is so interesting that I can’t take my eyes off the ________. A．paper B．window C．board D．screen 9. couch/kautf/ n.长沙发 [词汇拓展] (pl.) couches [词汇搭配] couch potato老泡在电视机前的人；sit on the couch 坐在沙发上 [词汇例句] I sat back down next to John on the couch.我挨着约翰坐在沙发上。 10. sore /sɔː(r)/ adj.疼痛的；酸痛的 [词汇拓展] soreness (n.) 疼痛 [词汇搭配] have a sore throat 喉咙痛；sore necks脖子酸痛；sore muscles 肌肉酸痛 [词汇例句] I have a sore throat after shouting too much. 大喊大叫后我喉咙痛。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I played basketball for a long time yesterday. Now my leg is _________. A．sore B．light C．strange D．comfortable 11. deaf /def/ adj.耳聋的，失聪的 [词汇拓展] deafness(n.)耳聋；blind(adj.)瞎的，盲的；dumb(adj.)哑的 [词汇搭配] be deaf to sth不愿听某事，不肯听取某事 turn a deaf ear (to sb/sth)(对…)置之不理，充耳不闻 [词汇例句] The boy was born deaf. 这个小男孩天生耳聋。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —I greeted Tom’s grandma, but she didn’t notice. —Oh, she is ________ and can hear nothing. A．deaf B．blind C．polite D．rude 12. balanced/balanst/ adj.均衡的 [词汇拓展] balance (v./n.)均衡；平衡 [词汇搭配] a balanced diet均衡饮食；in a balanced way以均衡的方式 [词汇例句] You should keep a balanced diet and exercise regularly.你应该保持均衡的饮食。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What do you think is the best way to stay healthy? —Doing exercise and keeping a ________ diet. A．sweet B．delicious C．balanced D．heavy 13. jog /dʒɒɡ/ v.慢跑 [词汇拓展] <过去式>jogged；<动词-ing>jogging；jogging(n.)慢跑锻炼；jogger(n.)慢跑者 [词汇搭配] go jogging慢跑 [词汇例句] I got up early the next morning to jog. 第二天早晨我一大早起来去慢跑。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Would you like _________ with me? —Sure, I like _________ very much. A．to jog; jog B．jogging; to jog C．to jog; jogging D．jogging; jogging 14. fresh /freʃ/ adj.新鲜的；清新的；新近的，新近出现的 [词汇拓展] freshly(adv.)刚刚，新近；freshness(n.)新鲜 [词汇搭配] fresh and delicious有新鲜又美味；fresh air清醒的空气 [词汇例句] Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables. 多吃新鲜水果和蔬菜。 [随学随练] 单项填空 — Huangshan is famous for its beautiful sights and clean environment. — Quite right. We can go there to breathe ________ air. A．wet B．dry C．fresh D．awful 15. hike /haɪk/ v.(在......)徒步旅行,远足 [词汇拓展] hiker (n.)远足者；徒步旅行者；hiking (n.)远足；徒步旅行 [词汇搭配] go hiking 远足；徒步旅行 [词汇例句] If the weather's fine, we'll go hiking this weekend. 如果天气好，我们这个周末就去远足。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Let’s ________ this weekend. A．hiking B．go hiking C．goes hiking 16. ours /aʊəz/(pron.)(属于)我们的 [词汇拓展] our(形容词性物主代词)我们的；we我们；us我们 [词汇用法] · we是主格人称代词，在句子充当主语成分。 We are from Shanghai. 我们来自上海。 · us是宾格人称代词，在句子充当宾语成分。 Linda told us the news. 琳达告诉了我们这个消息。 · our是形容词性物主代词，相当于形容词，后必须跟名词一起使用。 This is not our car. 这不是我们的车。 · ours是名词性物主代词，相当于名词，后不再接名词。 That yellow car is ours. 那辆黄色车是我们(的车)。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Mr. Wang teaches ________ English and he is a friend of ________. A．our; us B．our; ours C．us; us D．us; ours (2) —Hi, Emma and Ella! Do you know Teng Fei? —Sure, ________ is ________ good friend and always plays sports with ________. A．she; us; our B．he; we; ours C．he; our; us D．his; our; him 3、 重难句型解析 1. I used to ride my bike... kilometers to find insects. · used to表示“过去常常，曾经”，后接动词原型。be used to 后接动词-ing或名词等，表示“习惯于，适应于...”。 I used to take a bus to work, but now I’m used to walking. 我过去常乘公交车去上班，但是现在习惯了走路。 · to find insects是不定式结构表目的，作目的状语。此外，不定式还常用作原因、结果状语等。 I play the flute to relax. 我吹笛子来放松。 I was so glad to meet you here. 我真的很高兴在这遇见你。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Michael used to ________ afraid of talking to strangers. Now he is used to ________ in public. A．be; speaking B．being; speaking C．be; speak D．being; speak (2) ________ healthy and strong, we should exercise for at least half an hour every day. A．Keep B．To keep C．Keeping D．Kept 2. Have you ever noticed a monster around us ? Have ...noticed...是“have+动词过去分词”构成的现在完成时结构，此句中表示“过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果”。现在完成时还用于表示“动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在结束”。 I have learned 300 Spanish words so far. 到目前为止我已经学了300个西班语单词。 [随学随练] 单项填空 So far, our green team ________ over 500 kilograms of waste paper for recycling. A．collects B．collected C．will collect D．has collected 3. But we just sit there and look at the screen without noticing at all. · at all表示“根本，全然”，常用于否定句，疑问句等。 The animal is not scary at all. 这动物一点也不可怕。 · without表示“没有”，是一个介词。without noticing at all表示“完全没有注意到”。 You can't make an omelette without breaking eggs. 你不可能不打破鸡蛋就做成煎蛋卷。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) I don’t like jazz ________. It’s noisy. A．a lot B．very much C．at all D．a little (2) We can’t go to school ________ breakfast. It’s bad for our health. A．with B．at C．for D．without 4. We become couch potatoes with sore necks and dry eyes. · become是系动词，此句是“主系表”结构的句型，表语通常由名词，形容词等充当。 He became a doctor two years ago. 两年前他成为了一名医生。 The leaves turn yellow in autumn. 秋天树叶会变黄。 · with sore necks and dry eyes作定语修饰couch potatoes。with表示“有...的，带有...的特征”。 We met a woman with long hair at the gate. 在大门处我们遇见一个长头发的女士。 [随学随练] 单项填空 With hard work and clear plans, you will become ________ in your studies. A．success B．successful C．succeed D．successfully 5. We miss out on sweet moments with loved ones. · miss out意为“错过机会”，后常跟on表示具体的某个机会。 Of course I'm coming─I don't want to miss out on all the fun! 我当然要来——我可不想错失好玩的机会。 · 此句中with表示“和...一起”。 David often plays badminton with his classmates. 大卫经常和他的同学一起打羽毛球。 · loved ones表示“被爱的人”，此句中表示“亲人”。loved是过去分词作定语此时ones，与被修饰词ones之前构成被动关系。 a used book用过的旧书；a broken chair一把坏了的椅子 6. Go outside, feel the sun on your face, and jog in the fresh air. 此句是三个祈使句并列。祈使句常用于表示建议，命令等。一般以动词原型开头。 Put down your phone, stretch your body slowly, and rest in the quiet moment.放下手机，缓缓舒展身体，在静 谧时刻放松自己。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) ________ carefully in class and review what you learn after class, and you will get a good grade. A．Listen B．To listen C．Listening (2) ________ less junk food in your free time, you will have a healthier eating habit. A．To eat B．Eat C．Eating D．Ate 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) The elephant is a very l________ (巨大的) animal. (2) A girl is running after a ________ (蝴蝶) in the garden. (3) She always n________ (注意到) the small acts of kindness that make the world brighter. (4) Paper-cutting (剪纸) is an important art ________ (形式) in China. (5) Don’t look at the s________ (屏幕) too much. It is bad for your eyes. (6) My two legs were ________ (疼痛的) after running a long distance, so I needed a good rest. (7) He was ________ (聋的) because of the high fever when he was young. (8) To keep healthy, you should do sports and have a ________ (均衡的) diet. (9) He wants to ________ (慢跑) in the park every evening to keep healthy. (10) We should drink more ________（新鲜的）water every day to keep healthy. (11) There are many kinds of i________ (昆虫) in the park. (12) After school, we always ________ ________ （打网球）for an hour. (13) She ________ ________ (错过了)on a chance to study abroad. (14) She likes to ________ ________ (去远足) on weekends with her parents. (15) Our school will ________ ________ (成立)five new clubs next year. (16) Once you develop ________ ________ ________(产生兴趣) English, you will learn it by heart. (17) With the help of ________ ________(社交媒体), there are more chances to share the fun online now. (18) He’s a ________ ________ (老泡在电视机前的人), and he needs to go outside and enjoy life. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的介词。 (1) They ________ (set) off and walked through the forest. (2) The game is ________ (interest), and everyone is ________ (interest) in it. (3) Nowadays, more and more ________ (butterfly) come to this park in spring. (4) When I passed by the house, I noticed a lovely dog ________ (lie) on the ground near it. (5) If the temperature of water is at 0℃ or below it, it ________ (form) ice. (6) In modern ________ (social), many women want to have jobs after they get married. (7) There are some ___________ (couch) for old men to rest in the park. (8) You can open an account, check ________ (balanced) and do other banking business online. (9) Tom usually spends thirty minutes ________ (jog) in the morning. (10) Their community is beautiful, but ________ is even more beautiful. (our) (11) ________ (remember) that each of us can do something to keep the river clean! (12) —How do the volunteers in the community help the poor? —By ________ (give) away food and old clothes to them. 3. 单项填空。 (1) Before exams, I have butterflies in my stomach because I’m afraid I can’t do it well. A．am happy B．am nervous C．am excited D．am surprised (2) Don’t sit around thinking all the time. Getting out in the ________ air might give you new ideas. A．famous B．social C．safe D．fresh (3) Don’t always turn a ________ ear to my advice. It’s good for you. A． deaf B．blind C．silly D．smart (4) Little Tom fell off the bike because he couldn’t keep ________. A．relaxed B．noisy C．satisfied D．balanced (5) —Sam, how can I improve my English? —First, it is important to _________ good habits. A．miss B．accept C．introduce D．form (6) From a young age, Franklin’s great love of learning ________ him apart from many others. A．return B．set C．tell D．provide (7) We can ________ a study group to help the disabled children in the Children’s Home. A．take up B．fix up C．set up D．stay up (8) —Li Lin, do you spend Thanksgiving Day like Americans? —No, we don’t. It is ________ festival, not ________. A．their; our B．theirs; ours C．theirs; our D．their; ours (9) ________ careful when you cross the busy street on your way to school every day. A．Being B．Be C．Is D．Are (10) Mr. Gao is ill in hospital. Mr. Zhang ________ his position. A．take on B．take off C．take in D．takes over 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 阅读理解 A ①Junior high school life is different in every country around the world. It is full of fun and new experiences for students around the world. ②In China, Grade 7 students have six main lessons every school day. They also have interesting after-school activities, such as playing basketball or drawing. Many schools have school trips in spring, and students really enjoy these outdoor activities. ③In America, junior high school students can choose some of their lessons. They have music, art and PE lessons every week, and there are many clubs for them to join after class. Students can make new friends in the clubs easily. ④In France, junior high school students have a long lunch break for two hours. They often bring food from home and eat with their classmates together in the dining hall. They also have more free time to do what they like after school. ⑤All these school experiences are special, and they all help students enjoy a happy and meaningful school life. 1．How many main lessons do Grade 7 students in China have every school day? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight. 2．What can American students do after class? A．Join different clubs. B．Have a long lunch break. C．Go on school trips. D．Bring food from home to eat. 3．What can we know about French junior high school students? A．They have no free time after school. B．They eat lunch at home every day. C．They have more free time after school. D．They can choose all their lessons. 4．Which of the following is the best structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②/③④/⑤ D．①②/③/④⑤ B It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful. Too much screen time may be harmful to your health. First, it is bad for your eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes. So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone. Second, screen use can do harm to children’s brains. A new study shows that using screens too much can affect (影响) how children’s brains grow. If children use screens for more than one hour a day, they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains. White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills. So it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens. Third, using screens too much will affect your sleep. According to a study, about 95% of people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially the young people under 20. Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it’s hard for you to get enough sleep. So you’d better turn off smartphones, TVs, and all other screens an hour before your bedtime. To keep healthy, doctors and researchers strongly advise that you shouldn’t use screens for long hours. 1．The blue light from your screens can cause ________. ①eye strain        ②headaches        ③dry eyes A．① B．②③ C．①③ D．①②③ 2．According to the passage, you can’t sleep well because you ________. A．take a break every 15 minutes B．have lower levels of white matter C．use screens too much before bed D．are the people from 13 to 64 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Using smartphones for long hours does harm to your eyes. B．A lot of screen time affects children’s brain growth. C．The light from electronics at night may make you excited. D．People of all ages mustn’t use electronics. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The ways to keep healthy. B．The harm of using screens too much. C．The ways to use screens. D．The advantages of using screens. 2. 任务型阅读 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 In 2025, many Chinese schools make their breaks longer. Now students have 15 minutes for each break. Breaks were only 10 minutes before. This change encourages students to exercise more and balance study with fun. At Jingci Primary School (小学) in Anhui, students have two kinds of breaks. In the morning, they run together to music. In the afternoon, younger students jump rope, and older students play basketball or badminton. When it rains, they dance in long hallways. Mingxi No. 2 Primary School in Fujian, puts a science activity in breaks. Students use bottles and water to make rockets (火箭). They fly the rockets on the playground. They can learn about space (太空) while having fun! At Xindong Primary School in Xiamen, students also have a science activity—robot dance. The robots can move their arms, jump and turn around. It’s just like a fun snow! In Shandong, a school plays old games like “Eagle Catches Chicken”. Students are very interested in the game because it helps them relax and make friends. They feel very happy when they play the games together. These break-time activities are not just about sports. Students also learn to think of new ideas and relax. Many students say they are happier and have more energy for class. 1．Where do the students dance on rainy days at Jingci Primary School? 2．What do students use to make rockets at Mingxi No. 2 Primary School? 3．How many schools have science activities at breaks? 4．Do students is Shandong like the game “Eagle Catches Chicken”? 5．How do the students feel after they have these break-time activities? 3. 完形填空 Last summer, 14-year-old Mia from Chicago had a tough time. She spent all her time practicing for the school piano competition, so she 1 her favorite after-school art club and even stopped hanging out with friends. She felt 2 and anxious every day, and her performance got worse instead of better. Mia’s piano teacher, Ms. Lee, noticed her stress right away. She told Mia that the key to playing well was to 3 practice and relaxation, not just push herself nonstop. She encouraged Mia to 4 a new daily schedule for drawing and walking her dog. Mia decided to follow this rule carefully 5 she could make progress without feeling too tired.      From then on, Mia stopped filling every minute with piano practice. On weekends, she would 6 her dog in the park, draw pictures in her sketchbook, or help her mom with chores. When she felt stressed from practicing, she learned to take a break to relax herself. She would do 7 fun, like listening to music or chatting with friends. After a month, Mia changed completely. She could listen to her teacher’s instructions more carefully, and her piano skills improved a lot. 8 , she played beautifully and won the second prize at the competition. After that, she was very 9 to Ms. Lee. Now she truly understands the 10 of balancing work and rest, a lesson she will carry with her forever. 1．A．joined B．dropped C．visited 2．A．nervous B．excited C．surprised 3．A．control B．compare C．balance 4．A．give up B．set up C．put up 5．A．so that B．if C．until 6．A．train B．walk C．feed 7．A．nothing B．something C．everything 8．A．Surprisingly B．Negatively C．Simply 9．A．joyful B．hurtful C．thankful 10．A．importance B．kindness C．spirit 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $