Unit 8 测试卷 （常州专用）-【易考点-满分冲刺】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语常州单元测 易错难点 考前特训 (译林版）

考前特训 2026年八年级下学期 第八单元测试卷（常州专用） 英 语 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 注意事项： 1.全卷满分90分。考试时间为100分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。 2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将 自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。 3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。 一、单项选择（本题共10小题；每题1分，满分10分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．Some people believe cashiers ________ by machines in the future. A．are replaced B．will replace C．replace D．will be replaced 2．It is reported that more than 20 new community parks ________ around the city to improve the green environment next year. A．will be built B．built C．are building D．have built 3．The 2028 Summer Olympics ________ in Los Angeles. A．hold B．will hold C．will be held D．are held 4．We should avoid ________ too much plastic. A．use B．to use C．using D．used 5．Many people in the city are turning their homes into small green gardens ________ keeping houseplants. A．by B．with C．for D．in 6．—The coal and oil on the earth will ________ some day if we don’t save them. —You’re right. We should develop new energy like solar and wind power. A．put out B．run out C．break out D．hand out 7．If you want to develop a green thumb, you should learn to ________ the right plants for your home. A．give up B．choose C．put away D．look for 8．It’s very important for young children ________ with problems by themselves. A．to rush B．to deal C．to learn D．to do 9．My teacher together with my parents ________ me and they ________ their work. A．are strict with; are strict in B．is strict in; are strict with C．is strict with; are strict in D．are strict with; are strict with 10．Space technologies are ________ used in different kinds of industries. A．normally B．widely C．smoothly D．truly 11．—By using clean energy, we can reduce pollution on Earth. —________. That’s why many people buy electric cars. A．I couldn’t agree more B．I hope not C．Hard to say D．I am afraid not 12．—Let’s join the tree-planting activity this weekend! —Good idea. It’s meaningful to fight against ________. A．satisfaction B．desertification C．pronunciation D．information 二、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) Nowadays, living a green life is popular around the world. It is necessary for us to 11 good habits to protect the environment. Many people begin to pay attention to how to live 12 in daily life. My name is Lisa. I used to care little about the environment. I always forgot to turn off the lights when I left the room, and I threw away all the things I didn’t need. I didn’t know what “green life” 13 until last year. One day, my science teacher gave us a 14 about environmental protection. She told us how serious the pollution is around the world. She said that if we keep wasting natural resources, they will 15 in less than 100 years. She also showed us some photos of the beaches 16 with plastic waste, and the animals that died because of the pollution. I felt really 17 after watching them. I decided to change my lifestyle and live a green life. First, I started to 18 waste. I sorted the waste into different groups: paper, plastic, glass and others. I gave my old books and clothes to the community centre instead of throwing them away. Second, I tried to save energy. I turned off the lights and taps when I didn’t use them. I 19 took the bus or rode my bike instead of taking my dad’s car. Third, I told my family and friends about the importance of protecting the environment. I 20 them to join me in living a green life. Now, more and more people around me are joining the green lifestyle. Our community has a recycling day every month. We all learn that using 21 means producing less waste. A small change in our daily life can make a big 22 to the environment. Let’s take action now to build a greener world! 11．A．develop B.break C.forget D.treat 12．A．slowly B.quietly C.greenly D.bravely 13．A．asked B.meant C.told D.brought 14．A．report B.test C.lesson D.competition 15．A．run out B.go out C.come out D.look out 16．A．filled B.covered C.crowded D.mixed 17．A．happy B.excited C.sad D.relaxed 18．A．reduce B.produce C.burn D.hide 19．A．never B.hardly C.seldom D.always 20．A．allowed B.encouraged C.forced D.ordered 21．A．more B.little C.less D.much 22．A．difference B.mistake C.decision D.plan 三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A Last spring, our neighbourhood’s empty lot (空地) was an eyesore. Broken chairs, plastic bags, and dry grass filled every corner. Lily, a ninth-grader, decided to change this. She talked to the community leader and put up posters asking for helpers. Over 50 people joined the project. We divided into groups: some cleaned the garbage; others brought young plants. Students from my school collected plastic bottles, cut them into halves, and turned them into flower pots. “We’re giving waste a new life,” Lily explained. An old gardener taught us to make compost (堆肥) from food waste—it’s natural fertilizer (肥料) that helps plants grow. Every weekend, we worked together. At first, some neighbours worried it would be a waste of time. But as the lot turned green with vegetables and flowers, their doubts disappeared. Now, children play there after school, and people there share the harvest. “This project didn’t just clean the lot,” said Lily. “It made our community closer.” More neighbourhoods have started similar projects. It shows that small actions can make a big difference for the environment and people’s lives. 23．What does the underlined word “eyesore” mean in Paragraph 1? A．A place that looks ugly. B．A job that is tiring. C．A plan that is smart. D．A person who is helpful. 24．What did the students do in the project? A．They taught the elderly to plant flowers. B．They made flower pots from plastic bottles. C．They sold the harvest to raise money. D．They wrote posters to ask for plants. 25．What is the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④ B．①②/③④ C．①/②③/④ D．①②③/④ B Want to sleep under the sea? Planet Ocean has plans for an exciting underwater hotel, and it hopes to build them over the world. The sun will shine down and provide light, because the hotel won’t be very deep under the water. The hotel won’t be large, with only 12 guest rooms and a restaurant. As you might expect, Planet Ocean wants to encourage people to eat less fish, so guests won’t find any on the menu. What’s more surprising is that the environment will be very quiet, so guests will have to imagine the sound of the ocean around them. They will almost get the feeling that they are swimming in the ocean. The hotel’s design (设计), with clear glass walls, means guests will be able to see the sea and all the sea animals that live around, above and below them in their rooms. So guests will get great close-up views of the fish and other sea animals. The hotel won’t be cheap to build and it won’t be cheap to stay in. But the designers are especially satisfied with the fact that it will be environmentally friendly. It will use electricity (电), of course, but it will produce (产生) its own, and won’t hurt ocean life at all. Planet Ocean’s future designs include a moving hotel. It perhaps sounds like this will work in the same way as a big ship, but this is not true. In fact, instead of moving between countries, it will stay inside the area of a single country’s waters. 26．What do we learn about the hotel? A．Its light will shine into the sea so guests can see the fish. B．It will be deep in the sea so guests can see sea animals. C．It will only have a small number of rooms for the guests. D．It will only serve guests who are quiet and friendly. 27．What might guests be surprised at when they are in the hotel? A．Swimming from the hotel into the ocean. B．Having ocean life in their rooms. C．Enjoying a big meal of fresh fish. D．Being unable to hear the ocean. 28．What is the best thing about the hotel according to the designers? A．It won’t cost much to build. B．Sea animals won’t come close to it. C．It won’t use any electricity. D．It won’t do harm to the ocean life. 29．What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The moving hotel B．The ocean life C．The designer D．The environment C More and more schools in China are starting to do garbage sorting (垃圾分类), and No.2 Middle School in Nantong is one of them. Since September 2024, the school has carried out a garbage sorting activity to teach students about environmental protection and sustainable development (可持续发展). The school has put different colored garbage bins in every classroom and on the playground. Green bins are for kitchen waste, blue for recyclable waste, red for harmful waste, and grey for other waste. The teachers teach students how to sort different kinds of garbage and why it’s important. For example, recyclable waste like paper and plastic can be made into new things, and harmful waste like batteries can pollute the earth if not sorted properly. To make the activity more interesting, the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month. Students need to sort different kinds of garbage quickly and correctly. The winning class gets a small prize, like a green plant or a book about the environment. Many students said the competition makes them remember the sorting rules better. So far, the school’s garbage sorting activity has been very successful. The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%, and the amount of harmful waste has been sorted correctly by over 90%. The headmaster said, “Garbage sorting is a small thing, but it’s a big step for environmental protection. We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families. In this way, more people can join in the environmental protection work.” 30．What color of garbage bin is for recyclable waste in No.2 Middle School? A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. D．Grey. 31．What does the school do to make the garbage sorting activity more interesting? A．It puts garbage bins in every classroom. B．It teaches students the sorting rules. C．It gives students a lot of money as a prize. D．It holds a garbage sorting competition every month. 32．How much has the amount of recyclable waste increased in the school? A．By 30%. B．By 40%. C．By 90%. D．By 100%. 33．What does the headmaster hope the students can do? A．To only sort garbage at school. B．To forget the garbage sorting rules after the activity. C．To form a garbage sorting habit and take it home. D．To take part in more competitions and win prizes. D Feeling hot? So is the earth. Because of problems like climate changes and bad ways of farming, much of the planet’s land is drying up. What can we do to solve this problem? One thing the United Nations did was to create a holiday. In 1994, the UN started World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought (世界防治荒漠化和干旱日), to let more people know about desertification. It is on June 17 every year. Desertification happens when healthy land—land full of water and nutrients (营养)—becomes deserts, which are dry and unhealthy. Every year, 20,000 to 50,000 square kilometers of the earth’s land is lost to desertification. In Africa, scientists expect that two thirds of Africa’s healthy land will be lost by 2025. Desertification sometimes happens because of the climate change, as big, fast changes in temperature can kill plants and trees. However, it also happens because people use land too much, and in bad ways, to grow food on their farms. Growing too many plants in the same soil (土壤), in too short a time, can take away the soil’s nutrients faster than the soil can make new ones. That can turn the soil into dry sand, like a desert. The UN suggests (建议) some different actions to stop desertification. One is to teach people better ways of farming, including the use of better fertilizers (肥料). Another is reforestation which means planting more trees. One country that has done a lot of that is China. Today China has 61 million hectares (公顷) of reforested land—more than anywhere else in the world. 34．Which of the following can cause (导致) desertification? A．Using land too much. B．Reforestation. C．The use of better fertilizers. D．Water control. 35．Why is the climate change bad for desertification according to the passage? A．Because it is getting colder and colder so that plants can’t grow. B．Because it is getting hotter and hotter so that plants can’t grow. C．Because it doesn’t rain as it used to. D．Because big, fast changes in temperature can kill plants. 36．What’s the last paragraph probably about? A．The use of better fertilizers. B．The better ways of farming. C．China’s plans for planting more trees. D．The UN’s advice on fighting desertification. 四、还原句子(共4小题;每小题1.5分，满分6分) Seeing the stars Shenzhou XVI spaceship successfully reached space on May 30. There are three people in the spaceship: Jing Haipeng, 57, Zhu Yangzhu, 37, and Gui Haichao, 37. 37 Jing is now the most experienced astronaut in China. This is the fourth time for him to fly into space. Gui is a scientist. He is also the first Chinese civilian (非军人) on a spaceflight. Both Zhu and Gui are China’s third-generation (第三代) astronauts. They were picked in 2020 from a group of researchers and engineers (工程师). One woman and 17 men were picked. And they are in three groups. One group is spacecraft pilots (飞行员) . 38 Another group is spaceflight engineers. They “fix” the spaceship. There is also a group of science payload specialists (载荷专家), such as Gui. They do scientific studies in space. Everything in the spaceship is a payload, such as machines, people, and animals. Science payload specialists are scientists in the spaceship. Gui’s glasses also draw people’s attention because astronauts aren’t usually nearsighted (近视的) . 39 It’s safe to wear glasses in the space station. However, during the launch (发射) and return, Gui needs to take off the glasses. 40 The glasses may vibrate (振动) with the spaceship. A．Or there might be problems. B．But picking specialists is different from picking other astronauts. C．They do research in space. D．They are special in many ways. E．They have already been to space for many times. F．They “fly” the spaceship. 五、阅读短文，回答问题。（共4小题；前3小题每题2分，第4小题3分；满分9分） The Earth is our home. We must take care of it. Life today is easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought some new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. We can see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has polluted the Earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world. Air pollution is still the most serious. It's bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal (煤炭) in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air. Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. We are sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution. 41．Why was the pollution not so serious many years ago? 42．What kind of pollution is the most serious? 43．What makes us angry more easily? 44．How can we reduce air pollution? 六、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As we all know, the forest is the lung of the earth. However, the forests around the world are 45 great danger now. Every year, millions of trees are cut down, and the green areas are getting smaller and smaller. To protect the forests, our country has made new rules. Many of the old forests 46 (protect) in the new national parks next year. Local government will close some of 47 (it) mountain areas to stop people from cutting down trees. The mountain here is so famous that 48 (million) of tourists visit it every year. They leave lots of rubbish, which does great harm to the forest. Most of the old paths in the forest 49 (close) next month to let the plants grow back. Experts said 50 over 30% of the country’s forests have been damaged so far. Too many tourists cause a lot of 51 (pollute) to the forest areas. An expert said the biggest problem 52 (be) the uncontrolled tourism and wood cutting. He believed the 53 (good) way to protect the forest is to build more national parks. He said, “I hope the government can take steps 54 (protect) the forests. At the same time, I also hope all of us can try our best to save paper and plant more trees. 七、书面表达(共1题;满分15分) 55．学校英文报发起“Green life, start from me!”主题征文活动，请根据所给提示，写一篇英语短文投稿，和同学们分享你在环境保护方面的做法和倡议。 注意：文章必须包含所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、 通顺； 词数：90 词左右，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Green living is a necessary lifestyle. To live a green life, I___________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8 / 8乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 2026年八年级下学期 第八单元测试卷（常州专用） 英 语 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 注意事项： 1.全卷满分90分。考试时间为100分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。 2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将 自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。 3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。 一、单项选择（本题共10小题；每题1分，满分10分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．Some people believe cashiers ________ by machines in the future. A．are replaced B．will replace C．replace D．will be replaced 【答案】D 【详解】句意：有些人相信收银员在未来将被机器取代。 根据时间状语“in the future”可知，句子时态为一般将来时；主语cashiers是动作replace的承受者，需用被动语态；一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be+过去分词，应填will be replaced。 2．It is reported that more than 20 new community parks ________ around the city to improve the green environment next year. A．will be built B．built C．are building D．have built 【答案】A 【详解】句意：据报道，明年全市将新建20多个社区公园以改善绿色环境。 根据时间状语“next year”可知，动作发生在将来，且主语“parks”与“build”之间为被动关系，需用一般将来时的被动语态。应填will be built。 3．The 2028 Summer Olympics ________ in Los Angeles. A．hold B．will hold C．will be held D．are held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：2028年夏季奥运会将在洛杉矶举行。 hold举办，根据“The 2028 Summer Olympics”和实际情况可知，奥运会是动作的承受者，且时间为2028年（将来），应用一般将来时的被动语态，应填“will be held”。故选C。 4．We should avoid ________ too much plastic. A．use B．to use C．using D．used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该避免使用太多塑料。 avoid doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，此处是动名词作宾语，应填using。 5．Many people in the city are turning their homes into small green gardens ________ keeping houseplants. A．by B．with C．for D．in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：城市里的许多人正通过养室内植物把他们的家变成小型绿色花园。 by通过；with用；for为了；in在……里面。根据句意可知，把家变成花园是通过养植物这种方式，by doing sth.表示通过做某事的方式。 6．—The coal and oil on the earth will ________ some day if we don’t save them. —You’re right. We should develop new energy like solar and wind power. A．put out B．run out C．break out D．hand out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——如果我们不节约，地球上的煤和石油总有一天会耗尽。——你说得对。我们应该开发像太阳能和风能这样的新能源。 put out扑灭；run out耗尽/用完；break out爆发；hand out分发。根据后句“develop new energy”可知，开发新能源是因为现有能源会“耗尽”，应填run out。 7．If you want to develop a green thumb, you should learn to ________ the right plants for your home. A．give up B．choose C．put away D．look for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你想培养园艺技能，你应该学会为你的家选择合适的植物。 give up放弃；choose选择；put away收起来；look for寻找。根据“develop a green thumb”及“the right plants”，可知想要培养园艺技能，需要学会“选择”适合家中的植物。 8．It’s very important for young children ________ with problems by themselves. A．to rush B．to deal C．to learn D．to do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对于年幼的孩子来说，自己处理问题是非常重要的。 to rush冲；to deal处理；to learn学习；to do做。根据“with problems”可知，此处考查固定搭配deal with，意为“处理”。应填to deal。 9．My teacher together with my parents ________ me and they ________ their work. A．are strict with; are strict in B．is strict in; are strict with C．is strict with; are strict in D．are strict with; are strict with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的老师连同我的父母对我很严格，并且他们对工作很严格。 第一空表示“对某人严格”，对应be strict with sb.，主语中心词是My teacher，together with连接的名词不作主语，谓语动词随前面主语变化，用单数is；第二空表示“对某事严格”，对应be strict in sth.，主语是they，谓语动词用复数are。 10．Space technologies are ________ used in different kinds of industries. A．normally B．widely C．smoothly D．truly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：太空技术被广泛应用于各种行业。 normally正常地；widely广泛地；smoothly顺利地；truly真正地。根据“in different kinds of industries”可知，涉及不同种类的行业，说明使用范围广，be widely used“被广泛使用”。 11．—By using clean energy, we can reduce pollution on Earth. —________. That’s why many people buy electric cars. A．I couldn’t agree more B．I hope not C．Hard to say D．I am afraid not 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——通过使用清洁能源，我们可以减少地球上的污染。——我再同意不过了。这就是为什么很多人买电动汽车的原因。 I couldn’t agree more我再同意不过了；I hope not我希望不是这样/但愿不会；Hard to say很难说/不好说；I am afraid not恐怕不行/恐怕不是。根据答语后句“That’s why many people buy electric cars.”可知，说话者认同对方的观点，认为新能源汽车能减少污染，所以人们才去买。 12．—Let’s join the tree-planting activity this weekend! —Good idea. It’s meaningful to fight against ________. A．satisfaction B．desertification C．pronunciation D．information 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这周末我们一起参加植树活动吧！——好主意。对抗荒漠化很有意义。 satisfaction满意；desertification荒漠化；pronunciation发音；information信息。根据“Let’s join the tree-planting activity”可知，是参加植树活动，植树有利于防治沙漠化。 二、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) Nowadays, living a green life is popular around the world. It is necessary for us to 11 good habits to protect the environment. Many people begin to pay attention to how to live 12 in daily life. My name is Lisa. I used to care little about the environment. I always forgot to turn off the lights when I left the room, and I threw away all the things I didn’t need. I didn’t know what “green life” 13 until last year. One day, my science teacher gave us a 14 about environmental protection. She told us how serious the pollution is around the world. She said that if we keep wasting natural resources, they will 15 in less than 100 years. She also showed us some photos of the beaches 16 with plastic waste, and the animals that died because of the pollution. I felt really 17 after watching them. I decided to change my lifestyle and live a green life. First, I started to 18 waste. I sorted the waste into different groups: paper, plastic, glass and others. I gave my old books and clothes to the community centre instead of throwing them away. Second, I tried to save energy. I turned off the lights and taps when I didn’t use them. I 19 took the bus or rode my bike instead of taking my dad’s car. Third, I told my family and friends about the importance of protecting the environment. I 20 them to join me in living a green life. Now, more and more people around me are joining the green lifestyle. Our community has a recycling day every month. We all learn that using 21 means producing less waste. A small change in our daily life can make a big 22 to the environment. Let’s take action now to build a greener world! 11．A．develop B.break C.forget D.treat 12．A．slowly B.quietly C.greenly D.bravely 13．A．asked B.meant C.told D.brought 14．A．report B.test C.lesson D.competition 15．A．run out B.go out C.come out D.look out 16．A．filled B.covered C.crowded D.mixed 17．A．happy B.excited C.sad D.relaxed 18．A．reduce B.produce C.burn D.hide 19．A．never B.hardly C.seldom D.always 20．A．allowed B.encouraged C.forced D.ordered 21．A．more B.little C.less D.much 22．A．difference B.mistake C.decision D.plan 【答案】 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．A 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．B 21．C 22．A 【导语】 本文讲述 Lisa 从前不重视环保，在科学老师的环保课堂深受触动后，开始从垃圾分类、节约能源、绿色出行等方面践行绿色生活，并带动身边亲友一起参与，呼吁大家从小事做起，共同守护环境。 【完整解析】 11．句意：养成好习惯来保护环境对我们来说很有必要。 develop 养成；break 打破；forget 忘记；treat 对待。develop good habits 为固定搭配 “养成好习惯”，故选 A。 12．句意：许多人开始关注如何在日常生活中绿色生活。 slowly 缓慢地；quietly 安静地；greenly 环保地、绿色地；bravely 勇敢地。全文主题为绿色生活，故选 C。 13．句意：我直到去年才明白 “绿色生活” 是什么意思。 asked 询问；meant 意味着、意思是；told 告诉；brought 带来。what sth. meant 表示 “某物是什么含义”，故选 B。 14．句意：有一天，我的科学老师给我们上了一堂关于环境保护的课。 report 报告；test 测试；lesson 课程；competition 比赛。give sb. a lesson 意为 “给某人上课”，故选 C。 15．句意：她说如果我们继续浪费自然资源，不到 100 年这些资源就会耗尽。 run out 用完、耗尽；go out 外出；come out 出版；look out 小心。结合浪费资源的语境，选 A。 16．句意：她还向我们展示了被塑料垃圾覆盖的海滩照片。 filled 填满；covered 覆盖；crowded 拥挤；mixed 混合。be covered with 固定搭配 “被…… 覆盖”，故选 B。 17．句意：看完这些照片后，我感到十分难过。 happy 开心的；excited 兴奋的；sad 难过的；relaxed 放松的。看到污染和动物死亡的画面，内心会难过，故选 C。 18．句意：首先，我开始减少垃圾浪费。 reduce 减少；produce 制造；burn 燃烧；hide 隐藏。后文垃圾分类、旧物捐赠都是减少浪费的做法，故选 A。 19．句意：我总是乘坐公交车或骑自行车，不再坐爸爸的私家车。 never 从不；hardly 几乎不；seldom 很少；always 总是。践行绿色出行，总是选择公共交通，故选 D。 20．句意：我鼓励他们和我一起过绿色生活。 allowed 允许；encouraged 鼓励；forced 强迫；ordered 命令。是善意号召身边人参与，用鼓励，故选 B。 21．句意：我们都懂得少消耗就能减少垃圾的产生。 more 更多；little 少的；less 更少；much 多的。对应后文 less waste，用比较级 less，故选 C。 22．句意：日常生活中的小小改变，就能对环境产生巨大影响。 difference 影响；mistake 错误；decision 决定；plan 计划。make a big difference 固定短语 “产生重大影响”，故选 A。 三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A Last spring, our neighbourhood’s empty lot (空地) was an eyesore. Broken chairs, plastic bags, and dry grass filled every corner. Lily, a ninth-grader, decided to change this. She talked to the community leader and put up posters asking for helpers. Over 50 people joined the project. We divided into groups: some cleaned the garbage; others brought young plants. Students from my school collected plastic bottles, cut them into halves, and turned them into flower pots. “We’re giving waste a new life,” Lily explained. An old gardener taught us to make compost (堆肥) from food waste—it’s natural fertilizer (肥料) that helps plants grow. Every weekend, we worked together. At first, some neighbours worried it would be a waste of time. But as the lot turned green with vegetables and flowers, their doubts disappeared. Now, children play there after school, and people there share the harvest. “This project didn’t just clean the lot,” said Lily. “It made our community closer.” More neighbourhoods have started similar projects. It shows that small actions can make a big difference for the environment and people’s lives. 23．What does the underlined word “eyesore” mean in Paragraph 1? A．A place that looks ugly. B．A job that is tiring. C．A plan that is smart. D．A person who is helpful. 24．What did the students do in the project? A．They taught the elderly to plant flowers. B．They made flower pots from plastic bottles. C．They sold the harvest to raise money. D．They wrote posters to ask for plants. 25．What is the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④ B．①②/③④ C．①/②③/④ D．①②③/④ 【答案】23．A 24．B 25．C 【导语】本文讲述莉莉带领邻居将社区空地从脏乱变得绿植繁茂，增进邻里关系，还带动更多社区开展类似项目的故事。 23．词句猜测题。根据“Broken chairs, plastic bags, and dry grass filled every corner.”可知，这个空地堆满杂物，看起来很丑，即“eyesore”指的就是“难看的地方”，故选A。 24．细节理解题。根据“Students from my school collected plastic bottles, cut them into halves, and turned them into flower pots.”可知，学生们用塑料瓶制作花盆，故选B。 25．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段介绍空地原本的脏乱状况；第二、三段讲述改造空地的过程和成果；第四段总结小行动的大意义，结构为①/②③/④，故选C。 B Want to sleep under the sea? Planet Ocean has plans for an exciting underwater hotel, and it hopes to build them over the world. The sun will shine down and provide light, because the hotel won’t be very deep under the water. The hotel won’t be large, with only 12 guest rooms and a restaurant. As you might expect, Planet Ocean wants to encourage people to eat less fish, so guests won’t find any on the menu. What’s more surprising is that the environment will be very quiet, so guests will have to imagine the sound of the ocean around them. They will almost get the feeling that they are swimming in the ocean. The hotel’s design (设计), with clear glass walls, means guests will be able to see the sea and all the sea animals that live around, above and below them in their rooms. So guests will get great close-up views of the fish and other sea animals. The hotel won’t be cheap to build and it won’t be cheap to stay in. But the designers are especially satisfied with the fact that it will be environmentally friendly. It will use electricity (电), of course, but it will produce (产生) its own, and won’t hurt ocean life at all. Planet Ocean’s future designs include a moving hotel. It perhaps sounds like this will work in the same way as a big ship, but this is not true. In fact, instead of moving between countries, it will stay inside the area of a single country’s waters. 26．What do we learn about the hotel? A．Its light will shine into the sea so guests can see the fish. B．It will be deep in the sea so guests can see sea animals. C．It will only have a small number of rooms for the guests. D．It will only serve guests who are quiet and friendly. 27．What might guests be surprised at when they are in the hotel? A．Swimming from the hotel into the ocean. B．Having ocean life in their rooms. C．Enjoying a big meal of fresh fish. D．Being unable to hear the ocean. 28．What is the best thing about the hotel according to the designers? A．It won’t cost much to build. B．Sea animals won’t come close to it. C．It won’t use any electricity. D．It won’t do harm to the ocean life. 29．What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The moving hotel B．The ocean life C．The designer D．The environment 【答案】26．C 27．D 28．D 29．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一家计划中的水下酒店，它规模小、环保、安静，客人可通过玻璃墙观赏海洋生物，未来还将有移动酒店。 26．根据第二段“The hotel won’t be large, with only 12 guest rooms”，可知酒店房间数量少。 27．根据第二段“the environment will be very quiet, so guests will have to imagine the sound of the ocean”，客人听不到真实的海洋声音，可能会感到惊讶。 28．根据第四段“the designers are especially satisfied with the fact that it will be environmentally friendly…won’t hurt ocean life at all”，设计师最满意的是它对海洋生物无害。 29．最后一段“It perhaps sounds like this will work in the same way as a big ship”中，“this”指代前文提到的“moving hotel”的工作方式，即移动酒店本身。 C More and more schools in China are starting to do garbage sorting (垃圾分类), and No.2 Middle School in Nantong is one of them. Since September 2024, the school has carried out a garbage sorting activity to teach students about environmental protection and sustainable development (可持续发展). The school has put different colored garbage bins in every classroom and on the playground. Green bins are for kitchen waste, blue for recyclable waste, red for harmful waste, and grey for other waste. The teachers teach students how to sort different kinds of garbage and why it’s important. For example, recyclable waste like paper and plastic can be made into new things, and harmful waste like batteries can pollute the earth if not sorted properly. To make the activity more interesting, the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month. Students need to sort different kinds of garbage quickly and correctly. The winning class gets a small prize, like a green plant or a book about the environment. Many students said the competition makes them remember the sorting rules better. So far, the school’s garbage sorting activity has been very successful. The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%, and the amount of harmful waste has been sorted correctly by over 90%. The headmaster said, “Garbage sorting is a small thing, but it’s a big step for environmental protection. We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families. In this way, more people can join in the environmental protection work.” 30．What color of garbage bin is for recyclable waste in No.2 Middle School? A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. D．Grey. 31．What does the school do to make the garbage sorting activity more interesting? A．It puts garbage bins in every classroom. B．It teaches students the sorting rules. C．It gives students a lot of money as a prize. D．It holds a garbage sorting competition every month. 32．How much has the amount of recyclable waste increased in the school? A．By 30%. B．By 40%. C．By 90%. D．By 100%. 33．What does the headmaster hope the students can do? A．To only sort garbage at school. B．To forget the garbage sorting rules after the activity. C．To form a garbage sorting habit and take it home. D．To take part in more competitions and win prizes. 【答案】30．B 31．D 32．B 33．C 【导语】本文讲述了南通第二中学自2024年9月起开展垃圾分类活动，通过设置不同颜色的垃圾桶、教授分类知识、举办月度竞赛等措施，取得了显著成效，旨在培养学生的环保习惯并带动家庭参与。 30．文章第二段指出“blue for recyclable waste”，直接说明了蓝色垃圾桶用于可回收垃圾。 31．文章第三段提及“the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month”，表明学校通过每月举办垃圾分类竞赛来增加活动趣味性。 32．文章第四段明确说明“The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%”，直接给出了可回收垃圾增加的比例。 33．文章第四段校长提到“We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families”，表明校长希望学生养成垃圾分类习惯并影响家庭。 D Feeling hot? So is the earth. Because of problems like climate changes and bad ways of farming, much of the planet’s land is drying up. What can we do to solve this problem? One thing the United Nations did was to create a holiday. In 1994, the UN started World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought (世界防治荒漠化和干旱日), to let more people know about desertification. It is on June 17 every year. Desertification happens when healthy land—land full of water and nutrients (营养)—becomes deserts, which are dry and unhealthy. Every year, 20,000 to 50,000 square kilometers of the earth’s land is lost to desertification. In Africa, scientists expect that two thirds of Africa’s healthy land will be lost by 2025. Desertification sometimes happens because of the climate change, as big, fast changes in temperature can kill plants and trees. However, it also happens because people use land too much, and in bad ways, to grow food on their farms. Growing too many plants in the same soil (土壤), in too short a time, can take away the soil’s nutrients faster than the soil can make new ones. That can turn the soil into dry sand, like a desert. The UN suggests (建议) some different actions to stop desertification. One is to teach people better ways of farming, including the use of better fertilizers (肥料). Another is reforestation which means planting more trees. One country that has done a lot of that is China. Today China has 61 million hectares (公顷) of reforested land—more than anywhere else in the world. 34．Which of the following can cause (导致) desertification? A．Using land too much. B．Reforestation. C．The use of better fertilizers. D．Water control. 35．Why is the climate change bad for desertification according to the passage? A．Because it is getting colder and colder so that plants can’t grow. B．Because it is getting hotter and hotter so that plants can’t grow. C．Because it doesn’t rain as it used to. D．Because big, fast changes in temperature can kill plants. 36．What’s the last paragraph probably about? A．The use of better fertilizers. B．The better ways of farming. C．China’s plans for planting more trees. D．The UN’s advice on fighting desertification. 【答案】34．A 35．D 36．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕土地沙漠化问题展开，介绍了世界防治荒漠化和干旱日的由来，阐述了沙漠化的定义、原因以及联合国提出的应对建议等。 34．细节理解题。根据“However, it also happens because people use land too much, and in bad ways, to grow food on their farms.”可知，过度使用土地会导致土地沙漠化，故选A。 35．细节理解题。根据“Desertification sometimes happens because of the climate change, as big, fast changes in temperature can kill plants and trees.”可知，气候变化对沙漠化不利是因为温度的大幅快速变化会杀死植物，故选D。 36．主旨大意题。根据“The UN suggests (建议) some different actions to stop desertification.”可知，最后一段主要讲的是联合国关于对抗沙漠化的建议，故选D。 四、还原句子(共4小题;每小题1.5分，满分6分) Seeing the stars Shenzhou XVI spaceship successfully reached space on May 30. There are three people in the spaceship: Jing Haipeng, 57, Zhu Yangzhu, 37, and Gui Haichao, 37. 37 Jing is now the most experienced astronaut in China. This is the fourth time for him to fly into space. Gui is a scientist. He is also the first Chinese civilian (非军人) on a spaceflight. Both Zhu and Gui are China’s third-generation (第三代) astronauts. They were picked in 2020 from a group of researchers and engineers (工程师). One woman and 17 men were picked. And they are in three groups. One group is spacecraft pilots (飞行员) . 38 Another group is spaceflight engineers. They “fix” the spaceship. There is also a group of science payload specialists (载荷专家), such as Gui. They do scientific studies in space. Everything in the spaceship is a payload, such as machines, people, and animals. Science payload specialists are scientists in the spaceship. Gui’s glasses also draw people’s attention because astronauts aren’t usually nearsighted (近视的) . 39 It’s safe to wear glasses in the space station. However, during the launch (发射) and return, Gui needs to take off the glasses. 40 The glasses may vibrate (振动) with the spaceship. A．Or there might be problems. B．But picking specialists is different from picking other astronauts. C．They do research in space. D．They are special in many ways. E．They have already been to space for many times. F．They “fly” the spaceship. 【答案】37．D 38．F 39．B 40．A 【导语】本文讲述神舟十六号发射到太空，并简单介绍了升空的宇航员。 37．根据“Jing is now the most experienced astronaut in China…He is also the first Chinese civilian (非军人) on a spaceflight”可知，此处介绍他们的情况，D选项“他们在很多方面都很特别”符合语境，故选D。 38．根据“One group is spacecraft pilots”可知，介绍宇宙飞船飞行员的职责，F选项“他们‘驾驶’宇宙飞船”符合语境，故选F。 39．根据“There is also a group of science payload specialists (载荷专家) , such as Gui.”和“Gui’s glasses also draw people’s attention because astronauts aren’t usually nearsighted”及“It’s safe to wear glasses in the space station”可知，专家桂海潮在太空站戴眼镜引起了人们的注意，而宇航员通常是不近视的，所以此处应是解答这一问题，讲的应是专家这宇航员之间的区别，B选项“但是挑选专家和挑选其他宇航员是不同的”符合语境，故选B。 40．根据“However, during the launch (发射) and return, Gui needs to take off the glasses.”及“The glasses may vibrate (振动) with the spaceship.”可知，解释在发射和返回地球时需要摘下眼镜的原因，A选项“否则可能会有问题”符合语境，故选A。 五、阅读短文，回答问题。（共4小题；前3小题每题2分，第4小题3分；满分9分） The Earth is our home. We must take care of it. Life today is easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought some new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. We can see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has polluted the Earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world. Air pollution is still the most serious. It's bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal (煤炭) in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air. Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. We are sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution. 41．Why was the pollution not so serious many years ago? 42．What kind of pollution is the most serious? 43．What makes us angry more easily? 44．How can we reduce air pollution? 【答案】41．Because there were not so many people many years ago. 42．Air pollution (is the most serious). 43．Noise pollution (makes us angry more easily). 44．We should drive less. (答案合理即可) 【导语】本文讨论了地球面临的污染问题，指出过去污染不严重是因为人口稀少，而现在空气污染最为严重，噪音污染影响情绪，并建议减少开车以缓解空气污染。 41．第二段明确指出：“Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people.”因为过去人口稀少，污染问题不严重。 42．第三段首句：“Air pollution is still the most serious.”作者直接说明空气污染是所有污染类型中最严重的。 43．第三段结尾：“Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.”噪音污染会影响人的情绪，使人更容易发怒。 44．原文最后一句：“We are sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.”减少汽车使用是降低空气污染的有效方法。 六、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As we all know, the forest is the lung of the earth. However, the forests around the world are 45 great danger now. Every year, millions of trees are cut down, and the green areas are getting smaller and smaller. To protect the forests, our country has made new rules. Many of the old forests 46 (protect) in the new national parks next year. Local government will close some of 47 (it) mountain areas to stop people from cutting down trees. The mountain here is so famous that 48 (million) of tourists visit it every year. They leave lots of rubbish, which does great harm to the forest. Most of the old paths in the forest 49 (close) next month to let the plants grow back. Experts said 50 over 30% of the country’s forests have been damaged so far. Too many tourists cause a lot of 51 (pollute) to the forest areas. An expert said the biggest problem 52 (be) the uncontrolled tourism and wood cutting. He believed the 53 (good) way to protect the forest is to build more national parks. He said, “I hope the government can take steps 54 (protect) the forests. At the same time, I also hope all of us can try our best to save paper and plant more trees. 【答案】 45．in 46．will be protected 47．its 48．millions 49．will be closed 50．that 51．pollution 52．was 53．best 54．to protect 【导语】本文围绕森林保护展开，介绍了全球森林面临的危机、我国出台的保护措施，以及专家对森林保护的建议，呼吁人们共同守护森林资源。 45．句意：然而，全世界的森林现在正处于极大的危险之中。此处是常用搭配in great danger，意为“处于极大的危险中”。 46．句意：明年，许多古老的森林将在新的国家公园中得到保护。主语Many of the old forests与动词protect是被动关系，且时间状语next year表示将来，需用一般将来时的被动语态will be protected。 47．句意：当地政府将关闭其部分山区，以阻止人们砍伐树木。此处修饰名词mountain areas，需用形容词性物主代词its，指代Local government。 48．句意：这里的山非常有名，每年有数百万游客前来参观。millions of是常用搭配，意为“数百万的”，表示不确定的大数。 49．句意：下个月，森林里的大多数旧小路将被关闭，让植物重新生长。主语Most of the old paths与动词close是被动关系，且时间状语next month表示将来，需用一般将来时的被动语态will be closed。 50．句意：专家表示，到目前为止，该国超过30%的森林已遭到破坏。此处引导宾语从句，从句语义完整，需用连接词that。 51．句意：过多的游客给林区造成了大量污染。a lot of后接名词，pollute是动词，需变为名词形式pollution。 52．句意：一位专家表示，最大的问题是不受控制的旅游业和伐木。主句An expert said是一般过去时，宾语从句需用相应的过去时态，主语the biggest problem是单数，be动词应用was。 53．句意：他认为保护森林最好的方法是建立更多的国家公园。定冠词the后接形容词最高级，good的最高级是best。 54．句意：我希望政府能够采取措施保护森林。take steps to do sth.是常用搭配，意为“采取措施做某事”，故填动词不定式to protect。 七、书面表达(共1题;满分15分) 55．学校英文报发起“Green life, start from me!”主题征文活动，请根据所给提示，写一篇英语短文投稿，和同学们分享你在环境保护方面的做法和倡议。 注意：文章必须包含所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、 通顺； 词数：90 词左右，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Green living is a necessary lifestyle. To live a green life, I ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Green living is a necessary lifestyle. To live a green life, I always remember to save energy in my daily life. I turn off the lights when I leave a room. I try to use both sides of the paper to cut down on waste. I also bring my own cloth bag when I go shopping. To call on more classmates to join me, I plan to organize a “Green Day” activity next month. We will pick up litter in the school garden and make posters to remind everyone to protect the environment. Small actions can make a big difference. Let’s start from now and live a greener life together! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”； ③提示：材料所给的思维导图的图示内容需完整表达，不得遗漏，可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点明文章主旨，列举个人日常环保行为； 第二步，介绍组织活动号召他人参与环保的计划； 第三步，发出倡议，呼吁共同践行绿色生活。 [亮点词汇] ①cut down on waste减少浪费 ②pick up拾起 ③make a difference产生影响 [高分句型] ①I turn off the lights when I leave a room. (when引导的时间状语从句) ②To call on more classmates to join me, I plan to organize a “Green Day” activity next month. (动词不定式短语作目的状语) 6 / 15乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $