Unit 8 Making a Difference 第四课时 Section B 2a-3c 同步练 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit8 Making a Difference 单元同步课时练习 第四课时 Section B 2a-3c 【基础过关】 一、根据括号内所给的汉语提示写出单词。 1. No one can achieve ____________(成功) easily. 2. My ____________ (年龄较长的) sister sets a good example for me. 3. We can do____________nate(捐赠) some books to help the people in the village. 4. My mom gives me some ____________ (口袋) money every week. 5. Every small ____________ (努力) can make the world a better place. 6. She has a great ____________ (才能) for music, which makes her the most popular student in my school. 7. This way, ____________ (女士，夫人). I will show you around our new shop. 8. Yesterday I saw an ____________ (广告) about a new sports club on TV. 二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 1. 尽管他整天忙个不停，每晚仍坚持阅读 Though he is ____________ ____________ ____________ all day, he still keeps reading every night. 2. 许多好心人捐款帮扶贫困儿童。 Many kind people give money to children ____________ ____________. 3. 我们在社区帮忙分发书籍和衣物。 We helped ____________ ____________ books and clothes in the community. 4. 经过多年学习，我们通晓基础英语词汇。 After learning for years, we are ____________ ____________ basic English words. 5. 人人都可以携手努力，为祖国创造更美好的未来。 Everyone can work together to ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ for our country. 【能力强化】 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空或根据上下文填出恰当单词。 1. From this special experience, he learns the ____________(important) of honesty. 2. He ____________(miss) three lessons since he was ill. 3. We all admire the scientist who is ____________(success) in space research. 4. He needs to take a ____________(medicine) examination before entering the school. 5. In his ____________(young), Li Bai traveled across the country and wrote many great poems. 6. We should take good care of the ____________(elder) who live alone. 7. I think true friendship is worth ____________(keep) no matter how far apart we are. 8. I joined a school ____________(organize) to learn traditional Chinese calligraphy. 9. The young writer is so ____________(talent) that his works are popular all over the country. 10. Many families get together ____________(week) to share their happiness and troubles. 【拓展提升】 四、单项选择。 ( )1. — I invited Linda and Lucy to attend the meeting. — I’m afraid ________ will come. They are busy preparing for the exam. A. both 　　　　　　 B. neither 　　　 C. all 　　　　　　 D. none ( )2. — Guess what! I finally passed the driving test! — Great! Your ________ really pays off. A. chance 　　　　 B. talent 　　 C. secret 　　　　 D. effort ( )3. — This street seems so ________. Did we come here before? — Of course! We walked here last summer. A. similar 　　　　 B. modern 　　 C. familiar 　　　　 D. natural ( )4. — I think I’m just a nobody and can’t help others at all. — Don’t think so. Everyone can make a ________ if they try their best. A. difference 　　 B. mistake 　　 C. promise 　　　　 D. decision ( )5. — Many warm-hearted people chose to ______ medical supplies to the mountain schools. — Their kindness will surely warm more people’s hearts. A. donate　　　　 B. provide 　 　 C. return 　　　 D. afford ( )6. — Mr White, what shall we do with these old clothes? — We can send them to a ________ to help poor children. A. research center B. sports stadium C. charity organization D. private hospital ( ) 7. — Tengfei, could you please ________ these papers to your classmates? — Sure, I’ll do it right away. A. put out 　　　　 B. hand out 　　　 C. leave out 　　　　　 D. come out ( ) 8. The saying "The essence of life is to serve others and to do good" tells us ________. A. whether we should do good deeds B. how we can help other people wisely C. why should we help people in need 　　 D. how we can make our life meaningful 五、阅读理解。 Since short videos became popular, we have become much more impatient. We don’t have the patience to read a long article of over 5,000 words, watch a two-hour NBA game, or even sit quietly and finish a movie without using our phones. The Internet is changing how we get information and how content is shown. Articles are replaced by simple, exciting stories and catchy sentences. Music no longer has an introduction, and movies no longer build up slowly. Many platforms use a new way to recommend content instead of paid subscriptions(订阅). They push short articles and videos, making long articles disappear. More seriously, many people don’t realize that short videos are harming our brains. I realized this problem about 15 years ago. At that time, I read a book called The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains by Nicholas Carr. In this book, the writer uses many studies to show that social media changes the way our brains work and think. It weakens our ability to read deeply, stay focused, and think carefully. In the end, it may make our thinking ability worse. How does this happen? Studies show that short, broken information weakens the part of the brain that controls focus, deep thinking and critical(批判性的) ideas. During the past years, science and society have developed quickly. Many people believe that following popular things is progress, and popular information must be correct. So they accept social media, live shows, videos and AI without thinking. Now with AI tools, our brains become even lazier. Many people, even some educated people, no longer read books. They just send a book or a long article to AI and let it make a simple summary. When we enjoy the fun from short videos and simple stories, we lose our patience, focus, thinking ability and creativity. Although I didn’t have a biology background to check his ideas, this book made me very careful about fragmented(碎片化的) information. I keep reading deeply, study paper books, and spend lots of time thinking. Even if platforms keep pushing quick, low-quality information and videos, I will still write serious, long articles and focus on deep research. ( ) 1. How does the writer lead into the topic at the beginning of the passage? A. By raising some questions B. By describing daily situations C. By giving some suggestions D. By introducing study results ( ) 2. Short videos are bad for our brains because __________. A. they stop people from taking part in sports events B. they weaken people’s reading and thinking ability C. they only recommend some harmful information D. they make people spend too much time on phones ( ) 3. The underlined word "this" in Paragraph 4 refer to________. A. the popularity of short videos among people B. people's preference for simple and exciting stories C. the situation that AI makes summaries for people D. the fact that social media harms our thinking ability ( ) 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The writer sticks to deep reading and paper books in daily life. B. Nicholas Carr's book has changed the way people think. C. Only the educated people prefer to use AI to write summaries. D. People always think twice before accepting online popular information. ( ) 5.What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A. To tell readers to give up using the Internet completely. B. To introduce a useful book about brain protection. C. To warn people of the harm of short videos and call for deep reading. D. To teach people how to use AI tools to get information easily. 六、综合填空。 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 International Volunteer Day falls 1.__________ December 5th every year. It was started by the United Nations in 1985. This special day aims to praise the selfless spirit of volunteers and make more people care about those in need around the world. Volunteers do different kinds of meaningful work. Some help look after 2.__________ (home) animals and provide them with food and care. Some go to poor areas to teach children English or art 3.__________ free. Others help clean up parks, rivers and communities to protect our environment. They spend their spare time 4.__________ (help) others and never ask for any pay. Their kindness makes our society 5.__________ (warm) and more beautiful. Being a volunteer is not only helpful to others but also good for 6.__________ (our). We can learn 7.__________ (value) communication skills, make new friends and feel a strong sense of 8.__________ (achieve). It teaches us to love and share with people around us. Many teenagers around the world 9.__________ (take) part in voluntary activities in recent years. No matter 10.__________ small the action is, it can bring light to those in trouble. 1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.__________ 6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________ 答案与解析 【基础过关】 一、根据括号内所给的汉语提示写出单词。 1. success 2. elder 3. donate 4. pocket 5. effort 6. talent 7. madam 8. advertisement 二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 1. on the go 2. in need 3. hand out 4. familiar with 5. create a better future 【能力强化】 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空或根据上下文填出恰当单词。 1. importance 2. has missed 3. successful 4. medical 5. youth 6. elderly 7. keeping 8. organization 9. talented 10. weekly 解析: 1.  the + 名词 + of...  是固定结构， important  的名词形式是  importance （重要性），表示“诚实的重要性”。 2. since  引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词）。主语是  He ，助动词用  has ， miss  的过去分词是  missed 。 3. 固定搭配  be successful in...  表示“在……方面成功”，此处用形容词  successful  作表语。 4. 修饰名词  examination （检查）需用形容词， medicine  的形容词形式是  medical （医学的）， medical examination  意为“体检”。 5. 固定搭配  in one's youth  表示“在某人年轻时”， young  的名词形式是  youth 。 6. the + 形容词  可表示一类人， elderly  意为“上了年纪的人/老人”，符合语境“照顾独居老人”。 7. 固定搭配  be worth doing  表示“值得做某事”，所以  keep  变为动名词  keeping 。 8. school organization  意为“学校社团/组织”，需用名词形式， organize  的名词形式是  organization 。 9. so + 形容词/副词 + that...  是固定句型，此处作表语，用  talent  的形容词形式  talented （有天赋的）。 10. 修饰动词短语  get together  需用副词， week  的副词形式是  weekly （每周一次），表示“每周聚会”。 【拓展提升】 四、单项选择。 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 解析: 1. 对话涉及的是Linda和Lucy两个人，后文说她们都在备考来不了，表示“两者都不”用  neither 。 both  表示“两者都”， all/none  用于三者及以上。 2. 句意为“你的努力终于得到了回报”。 effort （努力）符合语境； chance （机会）、 talent （天赋）、 secret （秘密）都不符合“付出后成功”的逻辑。 3. 问句问“我们以前来过这里吗？”，说明街道看起来是“熟悉的”，用  familiar 。 similar （相似的）、 modern （现代的）、 natural （自然的）与上下文不符。 4. 固定搭配  make a difference  意为“有影响、起作用”，句意为“只要尽力，每个人都能发挥作用”。其他选项  make a mistake （犯错）、 make a promise （许诺）、 make a decision （做决定）均不符合语境。 5. 句意为“热心人士选择向山区学校捐赠医疗物资”。 donate （捐赠）符合语境； provide  的常用搭配是  provide sb. with sth. ，不直接接  to ； return （归还）、 afford （买得起）不符合题意。 6.旧衣服要送给帮助贫困儿童的“慈善机构”，即  charity organization 。 research center （研究中心）、 sports stadium （体育馆）、 private hospital （私立医院）都不符合用途。 7. 句意为“你能把这些试卷分发给同学吗？”， hand out  表示“分发”。 put out （扑灭）、 leave out （遗漏）、 come out （出版/开花）均不符合语境。 8. 谚语“The essence of life is to serve others and to do good”意为“生命的本质是服务他人、行善”，这句话告诉我们如何让生命变得有意义，故选D。A选项“我们是否该做好事”、B选项“如何明智地帮助别人”、C选项是疑问句语序且“为什么要帮助别人”都不符合句意。 五、阅读理解。 1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 解析: 1. 文章开头列举了人们因短视频变得没有耐心，无法读长文、完整看球赛、安静看电影等日常现象，以此引出话题。 2. 文中提到社交媒体/短视频会削弱我们深度阅读、保持专注和认真思考的能力，最终可能降低思维能力，这是其对大脑的核心危害。 3. 第3段结尾指出社交媒体会改变大脑工作方式，削弱思考能力，第4段开头的 this 指代的就是“社交媒体损害我们思维能力”这一事实。 4. 文章最后一段明确提到“I keep reading deeply, study paper books, and spend lots of time thinking.”，与选项A一致。B错误：书是提醒了作者，而非改变了所有人的思考方式；C错误：文中说“even some educated people”，并非只有受过教育的人；D错误：文中提到人们“accept... without thinking”，不会三思而后行。 5. 文章既分析了短视频对大脑和思维的危害，也表达了自己坚持深度阅读、纸质书的态度，目的是警示危害并呼吁深度阅读。 六、综合填空。 1. on 2. homeless 3. for 4. helping 5. warmer 6. ourselves 7. valuable 8. achievement 9. have taken 10. how 解析: 1. 表示具体日期（December 5th）前，要用介词 on。 2. 修饰名词  animals  需用形容词， home  变为  homeless （无家可归的），表示“流浪动物”。 3. 固定搭配 for free 意为“免费地”。 4. 固定结构  spend time (in) doing sth. ，表示“花费时间做某事”，所以  help  变为动名词  helping 。 5. and  连接并列结构，后面是  more beautiful （比较级），所以前面也用比较级  warmer ，表示“更温暖、更美好”。 6. 句意为“做志愿者不仅对别人有帮助，也对我们自己有好处”，用反身代词 ourselves 指代“我们自己”。 7. 修饰名词  communication skills  需用形容词， value  变为  valuable （宝贵的/有价值的）。 8. 固定搭配  a sense of achievement  意为“成就感”， achieve  需变为名词  achievement 。 9. 时间状语  in recent years （近年来）是现在完成时的标志，主语  Many teenagers  是复数，所以用  have taken 。 10. 固定句型  No matter how + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 ，表示“无论多么……”，此处意为“无论行动多么微小”。   学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $