Unit 2 单词完整版 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

新人教版九年级上册 Unit 2 单词完整版 P11 1. inspiring / n spa r / 【adj.】鼓舞人心的;激励的 课文原句:Marie Curie’s story is inspiring for all teenagers who want to pursue their dreams.(玛丽 居里的故事对所有想要追求梦想的青少年来说都很鼓舞人心。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:inspire v. 鼓舞;激励;inspiration n. 灵感;鼓舞人心的人(或事物) 2. 固定搭配:inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的演讲;inspiring story 鼓舞人心的故事;inspiring person 鼓舞人心的人 3. 课堂例句: ① This is an inspiring speech for teenagers.(这是一篇给青少年的鼓舞人心的演讲。) ② The story is so inspiring that I learn a lot.(这个故事如此鼓舞人心,我学到了很多。) ③ Her inspiring words gave us courage to keep going.(她鼓舞人心的话语给了我们继续前进的勇气。) P12 2. admire / d ma (r)/ 【v.】钦佩;赞赏;仰慕 课文原句:We all admire Marie Curie for her great contributions to science.(我们都钦佩玛丽 居里对科学的巨大贡献。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:admires(三单);admired(过去式/过去分词);admirable adj. 令人钦佩的;admiration n. 敬佩 2. 固定搭配:admire sb. for sth. 因某事敬佩某人;admire sb. for doing sth. 因做某事敬佩某人 3. 课堂例句: ① I admire scientists for their great spirit.(我敬佩科学家们伟大的精神。) ② We all admire his hard work and courage.(我们都钦佩他的努力和勇气。) ③ She is admired by everyone for her kindness and bravery.(她因善良和勇敢而受到所有人的钦佩。) 3. historian /h st ri n/ 【n.】历史学家 课文原句:The historian spent many years studying the history of the Tang Dynasty.(这位历史学家花了很多年研究唐朝的历史。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:history n. 历史;historical adj. 历史的 2. 固定搭配:a famous historian 一名著名历史学家;a history professor 历史教授(关联搭配) 3. 课堂例句: ① This historian studies ancient history.(这位历史学家研究古代历史。) ② A historian knows lots of old stories.(历史学家知道很多古老的故事。) ③ The famous historian wrote a book about the ancient kingdom.(这位著名的历史学家写了一本关于这个古老王国的书。) 4. researcher /r s t (r)/ 【n.】研究人员 课文原句:Many researchers are working hard to find a cure for this disease.(许多研究人员正在努力寻找这种疾病的治疗方法。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:research v./n. 研究(动词三单:researches;过去式/过去分词:researched) 2. 固定搭配:a medical researcher 一名医学研究人员;a scientific researcher 一名科学研究人员 3. 课堂例句: ① He is a medical researcher in the hospital.(他是医院里的一名医学研究人员。) ② Many researchers work hard for science.(许多研究人员为科学努力工作。) ③ The researcher spent three years doing research on this plant.(这位研究人员花了三年时间研究这种植物。) 5. chemist / kem st/ 【n.】化学家 课文原句:Marie Curie was a great chemist who discovered radium.(玛丽 居里是一位伟大的化学家,她发现了镭。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:chemistry n. 化学;chemical adj. 化学的;chemically adv. 化学上地 2. 固定搭配:an organic chemist 有机化学家;a research chemist 研究型化学家 3. 课堂例句: ① The great chemist made many new discoveries.(这位伟大的化学家有许多新发现。) ② He wants to be a chemist in the future.(他将来想成为一名化学家。) ③ The chemist did a lot of experiments to test the new chemical.(这位化学家做了很多实验来测试这种新化学物质。) 6. physicist / f z s st/ 【n.】物理学家 课文原句:Isaac Newton was a world-famous physicist who discovered the law of gravity.(艾萨克 牛顿是一位世界著名的物理学家,他发现了万有引力定律。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:physics n. 物理;physical adj. 物理的;physically adv. 身体上地 2. 固定搭配:a theoretical physicist 理论物理学家;a nuclear physicist 核物理学家 3. 课堂例句: ① Newton is a world-famous physicist.(牛顿是一位世界著名的物理学家。) ② This theoretical physicist does great research.(这位理论物理学家做了伟大的研究。) ③ The young physicist is working on a new physical theory.(这位年轻的物理学家正在研究一种新的物理理论。) 7. hunger / h (r)/ 【n.】饥饿 课文原句:In some poor areas, many people still suffer from hunger every day.(在一些贫困地区,许多人仍然每天遭受饥饿。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:hungry adj. 饥饿的;hungrily adv. 饥饿地 2. 固定搭配:die of hunger 死于饥饿;suffer from hunger 遭受饥饿;hunger for sth. 渴望某物 3. 课堂例句: ① Lots of poor people suffer from hunger.(许多穷人遭受饥饿。) ② Some animals die of hunger in cold winter.(一些动物在寒冷的冬天死于饥饿。) ③ The children’s hunger for knowledge moved all the teachers.(孩子们对知识的渴望感动了所有老师。) 8. chemistry / kem stri/ 【n.】化学 课文原句:We have a chemistry class every Tuesday and Thursday.(我们每周二和周四有一节化学课。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:chemist n. 化学家;chemical adj. 化学的;chemically adv. 化学上地 2. 固定搭配:chemistry experiment 化学实验;chemistry class 化学课;chemistry lab 化学实验室 3. 课堂例句: ① We do a chemistry experiment in class today.(我们今天在课堂上做了一个化学实验。) ② Chemistry is my favorite subject.(化学是我最喜欢的科目。) ③ The teacher taught us some basic chemistry knowledge in the first class.(老师在第一节课上教了我们一些基础的化学知识。) 9. drop out (of sth.) 【短语】辍学;不再参加 课文原句:No matter how hard life is, we should never drop out of school.(无论生活多么艰难,我们都不应该辍学。) 短语精讲: 1. 核心含义:指中途停止上学、参加活动或比赛,强调“中途退出” 2. 用法:drop out 为不及物短语,后接宾语时需加of,即 drop out of sth.(school/game/competition等) 3. 课堂例句: ① Don’t drop out of school no matter what happens.(无论发生什么事,都不要辍学。) ② He dropped out of the game because of illness.(他因为生病退出了比赛。) ③ She dropped out of the competition because she was too nervous.(她因为太紧张而退出了比赛。) 10. calendar / k l nd (r)/ 【n.】日历 课文原句:I marked the important exam dates on my calendar.(我在日历上标记了重要的考试日期。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:calendars(复数) 2. 固定搭配:a wall calendar 挂历;a desk calendar 台历;mark sth. on the calendar 在日历上标记某物 3. 课堂例句: ① There is a wall calendar on the wall.(墙上有一个挂历。) ② I mark important days on my calendar.(我在日历上标记重要的日子。) ③ My mother bought a new desk calendar for the new year.(我妈妈为新年买了一个新的台历。) 11. discovery /d sk v ri/ 【n.】发现 课文原句:Newton’s discovery of gravity changed the world of science.(牛顿对万有引力的发现改变了科学世界。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:discover v. 发现;discoverer n. 发现者 2. 固定搭配:scientific discovery 科学发现;the discovery of sth. 某物的发现 3. 课堂例句: ① This is a great scientific discovery.(这是一项伟大的科学发现。) ② His discovery changes the whole world.(他的发现改变了整个世界。) ③ The discovery of new energy brings hope to our world.(新能源的发现给我们的世界带来了希望。) P13 12. century / sent ri/ 【n.】世纪 课文原句:Many great inventions appeared in the 20th century.(20世纪出现了许多伟大的发明。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:centuries(复数);centurial adj. 世纪的 2. 固定搭配:in the 21st century 在21世纪;over the centuries 几个世纪以来;a century ago 一个世纪前 3. 课堂例句: ① Great changes happened in the 21st century.(21世纪发生了巨大的变化。) ② This building has stood for three centuries.(这座建筑已经矗立了三个世纪。) ③ Many great writers lived in the 19th century.(许多伟大的作家生活在19世纪。) 13. wounded / wu nd d/ 【adj.】受伤的;负伤的 课文原句:The doctors and nurses tried their best to save the wounded soldiers.(医生和护士们尽力抢救受伤的士兵。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:wound n. 伤口;v. 受伤(动词三单:wounds;过去式/过去分词:wounded) 2. 固定搭配:wounded soldier 受伤的士兵;wounded people 受伤的人;the wounded 伤员(复数概念) 3. 课堂例句: ① We help the wounded soldier in the war.(我们帮助战争中受伤的士兵。) ② Many wounded people get help from doctors.(许多受伤的人得到了医生的帮助。) ③ The wounded were sent to the hospital immediately.(伤员被立即送往医院。) 14. soldier / s ld (r)/ 【n.】士兵 课文原句:Many brave soldiers fought for our country and protected our homes.(许多勇敢的士兵为我们的国家而战,保护我们的家园。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:soldiers(复数);soldierly adj. 军人般的,勇敢的 2. 固定搭配:a young soldier 一名年轻的士兵;a brave soldier 一名勇敢的士兵;soldiers in the army 军队里的士兵 3. 课堂例句: ① He is a brave young soldier.(他是一名勇敢的年轻士兵。) ② Many soldiers protect our country.(许多士兵保护我们的国家。) ③ The soldier returned home after the war ended.(战争结束后,这名士兵回到了家。) 15. British / br t / 【adj.】英国的;英国人的 【n.】英国人(复数) 课文原句:Alan Turing was a great British scientist who invented the first computer.(阿兰 图灵是一位伟大的英国科学家,他发明了第一台计算机。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:Britain n. 英国;Briton n. 英国人(单数) 2. 固定搭配:British culture 英国文化;British people 英国人;British English 英式英语 3. 课堂例句: ① British culture is different from ours.(英国文化和我们的不同。) ② These British are friendly to visitors.(这些英国人对游客很友好。) ③ She is learning British English in her spare time.(她在业余时间学习英式英语。) 16. airway / e we / 【n.】(飞机的)航线;航路 课文原句:This airway connects our city with many international cities.(这条航线连接着我们的城市和许多国际城市。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:airways(复数);airline n. 航空公司(关联词汇) 2. 固定搭配:international airways 国际航线;domestic airways 国内航线;airway safety 航线安全 3. 课堂例句: ① There are many international airways in this city.(这座城市有许多国际航线。) ② This airway flies across the ocean.(这条航线飞越海洋。) ③ The airline opened a new airway between the two countries.(这家航空公司在两国之间开通了一条新航线。) 17. nation / ne n/ 【n.】国家;民族 课文原句:Every nation should work together to protect our world.(每个国家都应该共同努力保护我们的世界。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:national adj. 国家的;民族的;nationality n. 国籍;nationwide adj. 全国范围的 2. 固定搭配:a powerful nation 一个强大的国家;the nation 全国人民;national pride 民族自豪感 3. 课堂例句: ① China is a powerful great nation.(中国是一个强大的伟大国家。) ② Every nation has its own culture.(每个民族都有自己的文化。) ③ The whole nation celebrated the great victory.(全国人民庆祝这一伟大胜利。) 18. spread /spred/ 【v.】传播;散播 课文原句:We should stop spreading wrong information on the Internet.(我们应该停止在互联网上传播错误信息。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:spread(三单);spread(过去式/过去分词);spreading(现在分词) 2. 固定搭配:spread information 传播信息;spread disease 传播疾病;spread news 传播新闻;spread quickly 快速传播 3. 课堂例句: ① Don’t spread wrong information to others.(不要向别人传播错误信息。) ② Bad weather will spread across the country.(恶劣天气将在全国范围内蔓延。) ③ The good news spread all over the school in a few hours.(这个好消息在几小时内传遍了整个学校。) 19. disease /d zi z/ 【n.】疾病 课文原句:Scientists are trying their best to find a way to prevent this terrible disease.(科学家们正在尽力寻找预防这种可怕疾病的方法。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:diseases(复数);diseased adj. 患病的 2. 固定搭配:spread disease 传播疾病;prevent disease 预防疾病;treat disease 治疗疾病;a serious disease 严重的疾病 3. 课堂例句: ① We must stop spreading disease.(我们必须停止传播疾病。) ② This kind of disease is very dangerous.(这种疾病非常危险。) ③ Regular exercise can help us avoid some diseases.(规律运动可以帮助我们避免一些疾病。) 20. pioneer / pa n (r)/ 【n.】先驱;先锋 【v.】开创;倡导 课文原句:Isambard Brunel was a pioneer in the field of engineering.(伊桑巴德 布鲁内尔是工程领域的先驱。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:pioneers(复数);pioneering adj. 开创性的,先驱性的 2. 固定搭配:a pioneer in sth. 在某领域的先驱;pioneer a new field 开创一个新领域 3. 课堂例句: ① He is a pioneer in medical science.(他是医学领域的先驱。) ② She pioneered this new study way.(她开创了这种新的学习方法。) ③ The pioneer devoted his whole life to the development of science.(这位先驱将他的一生都奉献给了科学的发展。) 21. admirable / dm r bl/ 【adj.】令人钦佩的 课文原句:His dedication to helping poor children is admirable.(他致力于帮助贫困儿童的精神令人钦佩。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:admire v. 钦佩;admiration n. 敬佩;admirably adv. 令人钦佩地 2. 固定搭配:an admirable achievement 令人钦佩的成就;an admirable spirit 令人钦佩的精神;admirable behavior 令人钦佩的行为 3. 课堂例句: ① His achievement is really admirable.(他的成就真的令人钦佩。) ② She has an admirable strong will.(她有令人钦佩的坚强意志。) ③ The scientist made an admirable contribution to human beings.(这位科学家为人类做出了令人钦佩的贡献。) P14 22. pyramid / p r m d/ 【n.】金字塔 课文原句:The Great Pyramid in Egypt is one of the Seven Wonders of the World.(埃及的大金字塔是世界七大奇迹之一。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:pyramids(复数);pyramidal adj. 金字塔形的 2. 固定搭配:the Great Pyramid 大金字塔;Egyptian pyramids 埃及金字塔;a pyramid shape 金字塔形状 3. 课堂例句: ① The Great Pyramid is one of world wonders.(大金字塔是世界奇迹之一。) ② Many pyramids stand in Egypt.(许多金字塔矗立在埃及。) ③ People have been studying the secrets of the pyramids for centuries.(几个世纪以来,人们一直在研究金字塔的秘密。) 23. balance / b l ns/ 【n.】平衡;平稳 【v.】保持平衡 课文原句:We need to keep a balance between study and rest to stay healthy.(我们需要在学习和休息之间保持平衡,以保持健康。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:balanced adj. 均衡的;balancing n. 平衡;v. 平衡(现在分词) 2. 固定搭配:keep balance 保持平衡;lose balance 失去平衡;balance A and B 平衡A和B;a balanced diet 均衡饮食 3. 课堂例句: ① It’s hard to keep balance on a thin board.(在一块薄木板上保持平衡很难。) ② We need to balance study and rest.(我们需要平衡学习和休息。) ③ Eating a balanced diet is good for our health.(均衡饮食对我们的健康有益。) 24. courage / k r d / 【n.】勇气;勇敢 课文原句:It takes great courage to face difficulties and never give up.(面对困难永不放弃需要很大的勇气。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:courageous adj. 勇敢的;courageously adv. 勇敢地 2. 固定搭配:have the courage to do sth. 有勇气做某事;take courage 鼓起勇气;lose courage 失去勇气;great courage 巨大的勇气 3. 课堂例句: ① You need courage to face your mistakes.(你需要勇气面对自己的错误。) ② She has the courage to speak in public.(她有勇气在公众面前说话。) ③ He took courage and asked the teacher for help.(他鼓起勇气向老师求助。) 25. wisdom / w zd m/ 【n.】智慧;学问 课文原句:Confucius is a great thinker who left us a lot of wisdom.(孔子是一位伟大的思想家,他给我们留下了很多智慧。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:wise adj. 明智的;有智慧的;wisely adv. 明智地 2. 固定搭配:a man of great wisdom 智慧超群的人;the wisdom of the ancients 古人的智慧;wisdom teeth 智齿 3. 课堂例句: ① Experience brings us wisdom.(经验给我们带来智慧。) ② He is a man of great wisdom.(他是一个智慧超群的人。) ③ We should learn from the wisdom of our ancestors.(我们应该从祖先的智慧中学习。) 26. look up to 【短语】钦佩;仰慕某人 课文原句:All the students look up to the great scientist for his achievements.(所有学生都因这位伟大科学家的成就而钦佩他。) 短语精讲: 1. 核心含义:对某人充满敬佩和仰慕,强调“尊敬、崇拜”,语气比admire更强 2. 用法:look up to sb.(后接宾语,不能接sth.),反义词组:look down on/upon sb.(看不起某人) 3. 课堂例句: ① All students look up to this great teacher.(所有学生都钦佩这位伟大的老师。) ② I always look up to hard-working people.(我总是仰慕努力工作的人。) ③ We should look up to those who help others selflessly.(我们应该钦佩那些无私帮助别人的人。) 27. inspiration / nsp re n/ 【n.】鼓舞人心的人(或事物);灵感 课文原句:Marie Curie is an inspiration to all young people who want to pursue science.(玛丽 居里是所有想要追求科学的年轻人的榜样。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:inspire v. 鼓舞;激励;inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的 2. 固定搭配:an inspiration to sb. 对某人来说是鼓舞/榜样;draw inspiration from 从……中汲取灵感;a source of inspiration 灵感来源 3. 课堂例句: ① She is an inspiration to all young girls.(她是所有年轻女孩的榜样。) ② Music is my biggest inspiration.(音乐是我最大的灵感来源。) ③ I draw inspiration from nature when I write.(我写作时从大自然中汲取灵感。) 28. brave /bre v/ 【adj.】勇敢的;无畏的 【v.】勇敢面对;经受(困难) 课文原句:The brave soldier fought bravely to protect his country.(这位勇敢的士兵勇敢地战斗,保护他的国家。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:bravery n. 勇敢;braver(比较级);bravest(最高级);bravely adv. 勇敢地 2. 固定搭配:be brave enough to do sth. 足够勇敢做某事;brave difficulties 勇敢面对困难;a brave heart 勇敢的心 3. 课堂例句: ① He is brave enough to solve hard problems.(他足够勇敢去解决难题。) ② We brave all difficulties together.(我们一起勇敢面对所有困难。) ③ She bravely stood up and spoke out her opinion.(她勇敢地站起来,说出了自己的观点。) P15 29. necessary / nes s ri/ 【adj.】必要的;必需的 课文原句:It is necessary for us to learn from our mistakes.(我们有必要从错误中学习。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:necessarily adv. 必定;必然;necessity n. 必需品;必要性 2. 固定搭配:it is necessary to do sth. 做某事是必要的;it is necessary for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是必要的;necessary things 必需品 3. 课堂例句: ① It is necessary to exercise every day.(每天锻炼是必要的。) ② Sleep is necessary for our health.(睡眠对我们的健康是必需的。) ③ It is necessary for us to master a foreign language.(我们有必要掌握一门外语。) 30. seed /si d/ 【n.】种子 课文原句:Farmers plant seeds in spring and harvest crops in autumn.(农民们春天播种,秋天收获庄稼。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:seeds(复数);seed v. 播种(动词三单:seeds;过去式/过去分词:seeded) 2. 固定搭配:plant seeds 播种;sow seeds 播种(同义短语);seedling n. 幼苗;a seed of hope 希望的种子 3. 课堂例句: ① Farmers plant seeds in warm spring.(农民们在温暖的春天播种。) ② A small seed can grow into a big tree.(一颗小小的种子可以长成一棵大树。) ③ She seeded the field with wheat seeds.(她在田里播下了小麦种子。) 31. childhood / t a ldh d/ 【n.】童年 课文原句:I spent a happy childhood in the countryside with my grandparents.(我和祖父母在乡下度过了快乐的童年。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:child n. 孩子(复数:children);childish adj. 幼稚的 2. 固定搭配:in one’s childhood 在某人的童年时期;childhood memory 童年记忆;happy childhood 快乐的童年 3. 课堂例句: ① I spent happy time in my childhood.(我在童年时期度过了快乐的时光。) ② He lived in countryside in his childhood.(他童年时住在乡下。) ③ I often think of my childhood memories with my friends.(我经常想起和朋友们在一起的童年回忆。) 32. come true 【短语】成为现实;实现 课文原句:With hard work, your childhood dream will come true one day.(通过努力,你的童年梦想总有一天会实现。) 短语精讲: 1. 核心含义:指梦想、愿望等从虚幻变为现实,主语通常是“梦想、愿望”等抽象名词 2. 用法:不及物短语,不能用于被动语态,常用搭配:a dream come true 成真的梦想 3. 课堂例句: ① My childhood dream finally came true.(我的童年梦想终于实现了。) ② Work hard, and your wish will come true.(努力工作,你的愿望将会实现。) ③ His dream of becoming a scientist came true when he grew up.(他成为科学家的梦想在他长大后实现了。) 33. dynasty / d n sti/ 【n.】朝代;王朝 课文原句:The Tang Dynasty is one of the strongest dynasties in Chinese history.(唐朝是中国历史上最强盛的朝代之一。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:dynasties(复数);dynastic adj. 王朝的 2. 固定搭配:the Tang Dynasty 唐朝;the Song Dynasty 宋朝;ancient dynasties 古代王朝 3. 课堂例句: ① The Tang Dynasty was very strong in old times.(唐朝在古代非常强盛。) ② Many great stories are from old dynasties.(许多伟大的故事都来自古代王朝。) ③ The historian studied the culture of the Ming Dynasty.(这位历史学家研究了明朝的文化。) 34. western / west n/ 【adj.】西方的;西部的 课文原句:We should learn the differences between eastern and western cultures.(我们应该学习东西方文化之间的差异。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:west n. 西方;西部;westerner n. 西方人;westernize v. 西化 2. 固定搭配:western culture 西方文化;western countries 西方国家;western food 西餐 3. 课堂例句: ① We learn differences between eastern and western culture.(我们学习东西方文化之间的差异。) ② This is a kind of western art.(这是一种西方艺术。) ③ Many westerners are interested in Chinese culture.(许多西方人对中国文化感兴趣。) P16 35. scientific / sa n t f k/ 【adj.】科学(上)的 课文原句:Scientists use scientific methods to do research.(科学家们使用科学的方法进行研究。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:science n. 科学;scientist n. 科学家;scientifically adv. 科学地 2. 固定搭配:scientific research 科学研究;scientific method 科学方法;scientific discovery 科学发现 3. 课堂例句: ① We do strict scientific research in lab.(我们在实验室里进行严格的科学研究。) ② We need scientific ways to solve problems.(我们需要科学的方法来解决问题。) ③ The scientific experiment proved his theory.(这个科学实验证明了他的理论。) 36. biologist /ba l d st/ 【n.】生物学家 课文原句:The famous biologist spent his life studying plants and animals.(这位著名的生物学家一生都在研究植物和动物。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:biology n. 生物学;biological adj. 生物的;biologically adv. 生物学上地 2. 固定搭配:a famous biologist 著名生物学家;a marine biologist 海洋生物学家;biological research 生物研究 3. 课堂例句: ① This famous biologist studies living things.(这位著名的生物学家研究生物。) ② He dreams to be a biologist.(他梦想成为一名生物学家。) ③ The biologist discovered a new kind of plant in the rainforest.(这位生物学家在雨林中发现了一种新植物。) 37. whole /h l/ 【adj.】所有的;完全的 课文原句:The whole class went to the museum to learn about ancient history.(全班同学都去了博物馆学习古代历史。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:wholly adv. 完全地;wholehearted adj. 全心全意的 2. 固定搭配:the whole world 全世界;the whole class 全班;the whole day 一整天;as a whole 总体上 3. 用法辨析:whole 修饰单数名词,位于定冠词the之后;all 修饰复数名词或不可数名词,位于定冠词the之前(如:all the students = the whole class) 4. 课堂例句: ① The whole city is clean and beautiful.(整个城市干净又美丽。) ② People all over the whole world love peace.(全世界的人都热爱和平。) ③ She spent the whole morning reading books.(她花了整个上午看书。) 38. bank /b k/ 【n.】银行 课文原句:My parents often go to the bank to save money.(我的父母经常去银行存钱。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:banks(复数);banker n. 银行家 2. 固定搭配:open a bank account 开立银行账户;save money in the bank 在银行存钱;bank card 银行卡;central bank 中央银行 3. 一词多义:n. 银行;河岸(如:the bank of the river 河岸) 4. 课堂例句: ① I open a bank account with my parents.(我和父母一起开立了一个银行账户。) ② You can save money in the bank.(你可以把钱存在银行里。) ③ We sat on the bank of the river and talked.(我们坐在河岸上聊天。) 39. forever /f rev (r)/ 【adv.】永远 课文原句:The spirit of the heroes will live forever in our hearts.(英雄们的精神将永远活在我们心中。) 单词精讲: 1. 近义词:for ever(用法相同,forever更常用) 2. 固定搭配:forever young 永远年轻;last forever 永远持续;forever and ever 永远 3. 用法:可用于句末、句中,强调“持续不断、永恒” 4. 课堂例句: ① True friendship will last forever.(真正的友谊将永远持续。) ② We hope to be happy forever.(我们希望永远快乐。) ③ She will remember this moment forever.(她将永远记住这个时刻。) 40. radio / re di / 【n.】无线电;收音机 课文原句:My grandfather likes to listen to the radio after dinner.(我的爷爷喜欢晚饭后听收音机。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:radios(复数);radio v. 用无线电通讯(动词三单:radios;过去式/过去分词:radioed) 2. 固定搭配:listen to the radio 听收音机;radio station 广播电台;radio program 广播节目 3. 课堂例句: ① My grandpa listens to the radio every evening.(我爷爷每天晚上听收音机。) ② There are many radio programs on this station.(这个电台有很多广播节目。) ③ They radioed for help when they were lost in the mountain.(他们在山里迷路时用无线电求救。) 41. herself /h self/ 【pron.】她自己;她本人 课文原句:She finished the difficult task all by herself.(她全靠自己完成了这项艰巨的任务。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:she(主格);her(宾格) 2. 固定搭配:by herself 独自;靠她自己;herself 作同位语,加强语气 3. 课堂例句: ① She can finish all work by herself.(她可以独自完成所有工作。) ② She herself solved this hard problem.(她自己解决了这道难题。) ③ She taught herself English when she was a child.(她小时候自学英语。) 42. flight /fla t/ 【n.】飞行;航班 课文原句:I will take a flight to Beijing to visit my grandparents next week.(下周我将乘坐航班去北京看望我的祖父母。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:fly v. 飞行(动词三单:flies;过去式:flew;过去分词:flown) 2. 固定搭配:take a flight 乘坐航班;flight number 航班号;a long flight 长途飞行 3. 课堂例句: ① I will take a flight to travel this holiday.(这个假期我将乘坐航班去旅行。) ② The flight will arrive in ten minutes.(航班将在十分钟后到达。) ③ She missed her flight because of the heavy traffic.(由于交通拥堵,她错过了航班。) P19 43. woodwork / w dw k/ 【n.】木工手艺 课文原句:He learned woodwork from his father and made many beautiful wooden things.(他从父亲那里学会了木工手艺,做了很多漂亮的木制物品。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:wood n. 木头;wooden adj. 木制的 2. 固定搭配:do woodwork 做木工活;woodwork class 木工课 3. 课堂例句: ① He is good at woodwork and making things.(他擅长木工手艺,也擅长制作东西。) ② Woodwork needs patience and skill.(木工手艺需要耐心和技巧。) ③ He spent the weekend doing woodwork in his garage.(他周末在车库里做木工活。) 44. inventor / n vent (r)/ 【n.】发明家 课文原句:The great inventor created many useful things that changed our life.(这位伟大的发明家创造了许多改变我们生活的有用物品。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:invent v. 发明;invention n. 发明物 2. 固定搭配:a famous inventor 著名发明家;the inventor of sth. 某物的发明者 3. 课堂例句: ① He is a great famous inventor in history.(他是历史上一位非常著名的发明家。) ② The inventor created this useful machine.(这位发明家创造了这台有用的机器。) ③ Edison is one of the greatest inventors in the world.(爱迪生是世界上最伟大的发明家之一。) 45. above all 【短语】最重要的是;尤其是 课文原句:We should be honest, and above all, we should be kind to others.(我们应该诚实,最重要的是,我们应该对别人友善。) 短语精讲: 1. 核心含义:强调某件事在所有事情中最重要,通常用于句首或句中,起强调作用 2. 用法:可单独使用,也可接句子,用于突出重点 3. 课堂例句: ① Be honest, and above all, be kind to others.(要诚实,最重要的是,要对别人友善。) ② Above all, we must protect our health.(最重要的是,我们必须保护好自己的健康。) ③ We need to work hard, and above all, we need to believe in ourselves.(我们需要努力工作,最重要的是,我们需要相信自己。) 46. thinker / k (r)/ 【n.】思想家 课文原句:Confucius is a great thinker who has influenced Chinese culture for thousands of years.(孔子是一位影响了中国文化数千年的伟大思想家。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:think v. 思考;thought n. 思想 2. 固定搭配:a great thinker 伟大的思想家;a wise thinker 睿智的思想家 3. 课堂例句: ① Confucius is a great ancient thinker.(孔子是一位伟大的古代思想家。) ② This thinker has lots of wise ideas.(这位思想家有很多睿智的观点。) ③ Many great thinkers have left valuable thoughts for us.(许多伟大的思想家为我们留下了宝贵的思想。) 47. period / p ri d/ 【n.】时期;一段时间 课文原句:It was a difficult period for our family, but we got through it together.(那是我们家一段艰难的时期,但我们一起度过了。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:periods(复数) 2. 固定搭配:a period of time 一段时间;a historical period 历史时期;a long period 很长一段时间 3. 课堂例句: ① It was a hard period of time for him.(那是他一段艰难的时光。) ② We study for a long period every day.(我们每天学习很长一段时间。) ③ This period of history is worth studying carefully.(这段历史时期值得仔细研究。) 48. kingdom / k d m/ 【n.】王国 课文原句:There was a small kingdom in this area hundreds of years ago.(几百年前,这个地区有一个小王国。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:kingdoms(复数);king n. 国王;queen n. 女王 2. 固定搭配:the United Kingdom 英国;a small kingdom 一个小王国;kingdom of nature 自然界 3. 课堂例句: ① The United Kingdom is in Western Europe.(英国位于西欧。) ② There was a small kingdom here long ago.(很久以前,这里有一个小王国。) ③ The king ruled the kingdom wisely.(这位国王明智地统治着这个王国。) 49. kindness / ka ndn s/ 【n.】善良;善意 课文原句:Her kindness to strangers moved everyone around her.(她对陌生人的善意感动了她身边的所有人。) 单词精讲: 1. 变形:kind adj. 善良的;kindly adv. 亲切地;仁慈地 2. 固定搭配:show kindness to sb. 对某人友善;act with kindness 以善意行事;the kindness of others 别人的善意 3. 课堂例句: ① Her kindness warms everyone around her.(她的善良温暖了她身边的所有人。) ② We should show kindness to strangers.(我们应该对陌生人友善。) ③ His kindness helped the poor boy get through the hard time.(他的善意帮助这个可怜的男孩度过了艰难的时光。) 50. whether / we (r)/ 【conj.】是否 课文原句:I don’t know whether she will come to the party or not.(我不知道她是否会来参加派对。) 单词精讲: 1. 用法:可与if互换(引导宾语从句时),但whether可与or not连用,if不可;whether可用于句首,if不可 2. 固定搭配:whether…or not 是否;whether to do sth. 是否做某事 3. 课堂例句: ① I don’t know whether she will come or not.(我不知道她是否会来。) ② He asks whether we agree with him.(他问我们是否同意他的观点。) ③ She hasn’t decided whether to take the exam or not.(她还没有决定是否参加考试。) 51. mankind / m ka nd/ 【n.】人类 课文原句:Scientists have been working hard to bring happiness to mankind.(科学家们一直努力工作,为人类带来幸福。) 单词精讲: 1. 近义词:human beings;humans(mankind为集合名词,不可数,无复数) 2. 固定搭配:love for mankind 对人类的爱;the future of mankind 人类的未来 3. 课堂例句: ① Science brings great help to mankind.(科学给人类带来了巨大的帮助。) ② He has deep love for all mankind.(他对全人类有着深厚的爱。) ③ All people should work together for the future of mankind.(所有人都应该为人类的未来共同努力。) 课本专有名词(全部补齐) Michael Faraday 迈克尔 法拉第 Marie Curie 玛丽 居里 Nobel /n bel/ 诺贝尔奖 Isaac Newton 艾萨克 牛顿 Isambard Brunel 伊桑巴德 布鲁内尔 Alan Turing 阿兰 图灵 I.M. Pei 贝聿铭 Louvre / lu v / Museum 卢浮宫博物馆 Confucius /k n fju s/ 孔子 Victor Hugo 维克多 雨果 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $