Unit6 Beautiful landscapes 单元话题阅读理解进阶练15篇-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（译林版）

**基本信息** 围绕“自然景观”主题，分基础、进阶、综合三层次系统训练阅读理解，融合语言能力与跨文化视野培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|5篇（沙漠/滇池等）|事实细节题为主，考查地点/原因等|从具体景观描述切入，建立话题认知| |进阶拓展训练|5篇（张家界石柱/冰川等）|增加词义猜测与推理题（如“ascended”）|深入景观形成原理，构建逻辑分析能力| |能力综合实践|5篇（亚马逊雨林/地貌与景观）|主旨归纳与观点判断题|关联生态保护与文化意义，提升思维品质|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit6 Beautiful landscapes 单元话题阅读理解进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 You may think there is only sand (沙子) in the desert, but it is not the fact. In the desert, there is a little rain, and it is not enough for most plants. But we can see some plants live in the desert. There is water in some places in the desert. We call these places oases (绿洲) . People grow different kinds of crops (庄稼) there. People also live outside the oases. They have camels (骆驼) , sheep and other animals. These animals depend on the desert plants for their food and do not need much water. The animals are useful to the desert people in many ways. They eat meat and drink milk of the animals. They use the camels to carry things like water and food. What’s more, the camels can even help people find water. The desert people have to keep moving from place to place. They must always look for desert plants for their animals. When there is no more food for their animals, they move to another place. The desert people are friendly. They would like to help the people in need and give them food and water. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By telling a fact. C．By asking a question. D．By giving examples. 2．What does the underlined phrase “depend on” mean in Chinese in Paragraph 2? A．交换 B．种植 C．灌溉 D．依靠 3．Why do desert people keep moving from place to place? A．To visit different places of interest. B．To find new kinds of animals. C．To look for food for their animals. D．To help the people in need. 4．What’s the life of the desert people like? A．Interesting. B．Hard. C．Quiet. D．Exciting. 5．What is the text mainly about? A．How animals live in the desert. B．Oases and plants in the desert. C．Desert people and their way of life. D．Why the desert has little rain. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了沙漠中的绿洲、动植物以及沙漠居民的生活方式，展现了他们适应沙漠环境的生存智慧。 1．由“You may think there is only sand in the desert, but it is not the fact.”可知，作者先提出一个常见想法，再指出事实，属于陈述事实的开头方式。 2．由“These animals depend on the desert plants for their food and do not need much water.”可知，这些动物以沙漠植物为食物来源，因此“depend on”的中文意思是依靠。 3．由“They must always look for desert plants for their animals. When there is no more food for their animals, they move to another place.”可知，沙漠居民不断迁徙是为了给他们的动物寻找食物。 4．从文中“have to keep moving from place to place”“do not need much water”等描述可以看出，沙漠居民的生活条件艰苦，因此他们的生活是艰难的。 5．全文围绕沙漠居民展开，介绍了他们的生存环境、依赖的动物以及迁徙的生活方式，因此文章主要讲述的是沙漠居民和他们的生活方式。 Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. It is located in the Himalayas on the border between Nepal and China. Climbing Mount Everest is a great challenge for many mountaineers. The weather conditions on the mountain are extremely harsh. There are strong winds, low temperatures, and thin air. However, despite the difficulties, many people still attempt to climb it. They are attracted by the beauty and the sense of achievement that comes with reaching the summit. In recent years, the number of climbers has increased. This has led to some problems, such as overcrowding on the mountain and environmental pollution. Some climbers leave their trash on the mountain, which is harmful to the environment. We should respect nature and protect the environment when climbing Mount Everest. We should also follow the rules and regulations set by the authorities. Only in this way can we ensure the sustainable development of mountaineering activities and protect this magnificent natural wonder. 1．Where is Mount Everest located? A．In Nepal only. B．In China only. C．On the border between Nepal and China. D．In India. 2．Why do people climb Mount Everest? A．Because it is easy. B．Because they want to challenge themselves and experience the sense of achievement. C．Because they don't like other mountains. D．Because they want to make money. 3．What are the problems caused by the increasing number of climbers? A．Only overcrowding. B．Only environmental pollution. C．Overcrowding and environmental pollution. D．Climate change. 4．What should we do when climbing Mount Everest? A．Leave trash on the mountain. B．Ignore the rules and regulations. C．Respect nature and protect the environment and follow the rules. D．Climb without permission. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰的地理位置、登山挑战与吸引力、近年来登山者增多带来的问题以及相应的环保建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第1段“It is located in the Himalayas on the border between Nepal and China.”可知，珠穆朗玛峰位于尼泊尔和中国之间的边境上。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第3段“They are attracted by the beauty and the sense of achievement that comes with reaching the summit.”可知，人们攀登珠峰是被珠峰的美景和登顶带来的成就感所吸引，B选项“他们想要挑战自我并获得登顶带来的成就感”与原文相符。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第4段“This has led to some problems, such as overcrowding on the mountain and environmental pollution.”可知，登山者增多导致的问题是山上过度拥挤和环境污染。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第5段“We should respect nature and protect the environment when climbing Mount Everest. We should also follow the rules and regulations set by the authorities.”可知，攀登珠峰时我们应该尊重自然、保护环境并遵守规定。故选C。 Dianchi Lake is a beautiful and famous lake in Kunming, Yunnan Province. It is the largest freshwater (淡水) lake in Yunnan. The lake covers an area of about 330 square kilometres. It looks like a shining pearl with mountains around it. Dianchi Lake is very important for the people of Kunming. For one thing, it has historical meaning to them. Dianchi Lake has a long history of about 3.4 million years. It was once the capital of a kingdom in ancient China. For another, it gives joy to their present life. Every winter, thousands of birds come to the lake. This makes it a great place for people to watch all kinds of birds. There are many interesting places around Dianchi Lake. For example, there is the West Hill Forest Park. You can enjoy beautiful views of the lake and explore ancient temples there. Dianchi Lake is a wonderful place to visit at any time of the year. In spring, you can see beautiful flowers. In winter, you can watch the birds. In summer, people go fishing and in autumn they go up the mountains and have a bird’s-eye view of the lake. 1．How large is Dianchi Lake? A．About 300 square kilometres. B．About 330 square kilometres. C．About 340 square kilometres. D．About 303 square kilometres. 2．Why is Dianchi Lake important to the people of Kunming? A．Because it is beautiful. B．Because it has historical meaning and gives joy. C．Because it is the largest lake. D．Because there are many birds. 3．What can people do in the West Hill Forest Park? ①Enjoy beautiful views.  ②Explore ancient temples. ③Watch birds.  ④See beautiful flowers. A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．③④ 4．What does “a bird’s-eye view” mean? A．A view from a bird's eyes. B．A view from above. C．A view of birds. D．A view of the sky. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Dianchi Lake is a beautiful and important lake in Yunnan. B．People can do many things at Dianchi Lake. C．There are many birds at Dianchi Lake. D．Dianchi Lake has a long history. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了云南昆明的滇池，包括其面积、重要性、周边景点以及不同季节的特色活动等，展现了滇池的美丽与重要性。 1．根据文章第一段“The lake covers an area of about 330 square kilometres.”可知，滇池面积约330平方公里。 2．根据文章第二段“For one thing, it has historical meaning to them...For another, it gives joy to their present life.”可知，滇池对昆明人重要是因为它有历史意义且能给现在的生活带来欢乐。 3．根据文章第三段“For example, there is the West Hill Forest Park. You can enjoy beautiful views of the lake and explore ancient temples there.”可知，在西山森林公园人们可以欣赏美丽的湖景和探索古庙，即①②。 4．根据文章最后一段“In autumn they go up the mountains and have a bird’s-eye view of the lake.”可知，秋天人们上山俯瞰滇池，“a bird’s-eye view”意思是从高处看的视野，即“从上面看的视野”。 5．根据文章第一段“Dianchi Lake is a beautiful and famous lake in Kunming, Yunnan Province. It is the largest freshwater (淡水) lake in Yunnan.”以及全文对滇池的介绍可知，文章主要讲了滇池是云南一个美丽且重要的湖。 The Grand Canyon (大峡谷) is a large, deep valley in the United States. It is made by the Colorado River. The Grand Canyon is about 446 kilometers long, up to 29 kilometers wide, and over 1,800 meters deep. It is one of the most famous natural wonders in the world. The rocks in the Grand Canyon show different colors, like red, brown, and yellow. The colors change with the sunlight. In the morning, the rocks look red. As the sun moves, the colors become darker. At sunset, the rocks turn into a golden-brown color. There are many plants and animals living in the Grand Canyon. Different kinds of birds fly in the sky, and small animals run around on the ground. The Grand Canyon is a great place for hiking and camping. People can also take a helicopter (直升机) tour to enjoy the amazing view from the sky. However, because of human activities, the environment of the Grand Canyon is facing some problems. We should take action to protect this beautiful landscape. 1．What made the Grand Canyon? A．The wind. B．The rain. C．The Colorado River. D．The people. 2．How long is the Grand Canyon? A．About 446 kilometers. B．Up to 29 kilometers. C．Over 1,800 meters. D．About 1,545 meters. 3．What can we know about the rocks in the Grand Canyon? A．They are all red. B．Their colors never change. C．They have different colors. D．They are all brown. 4．What can people do in the Grand Canyon? A．Only hike. B．Only camp. C．Only take a helicopter tour. D．Hike, camp and take a helicopter tour. 5．What problem does the Grand Canyon face? A．There are no plants. B．There are no animals. C．The environment is in trouble. D．It’s too small. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国的大峡谷，包括其形成原因、尺寸、岩石颜色变化、动植物情况以及人类活动，同时指出了大峡谷面临的环境问题，呼吁人们采取行动保护这一美丽的自然景观。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It is made by the Colorado River.”可知，大峡谷是由科罗拉多河形成的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Grand Canyon is about 446 kilometers long”可知，大峡谷的长度约为446公里。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The rocks in the Grand Canyon show different colors, like red, brown, and yellow.”可知，大峡谷中的岩石有不同的颜色，如红色、棕色和黄色。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The Grand Canyon is a great place for hiking and camping. People can also take a helicopter tour to enjoy the amazing view from the sky.”可知，人们可以在大峡谷进行徒步旅行、露营和直升机观光。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“However, because of human activities, the environment of the Grand Canyon is facing some problems.”可知，由于人类活动，大峡谷的环境面临一些问题。故选C。 My hometown is a small town with unique (独一无二的) landscapes. There are many soft green hills, and there’s a special “stone (石头) forest” at the foot of the hills. The stones are in special shapes (形状)：some look like rabbits, some look like big mushrooms. Beside the stone forest, a clear stream (溪流) runs all year round. The four seasons here are different and lovely. Spring is warm, and wild flowers bloom (开花) between the stones. Summer is not too hot because of the shade (背阴处) of the hills. In autumn, red ________ fall on the ground from trees, like a beautiful painting. Winter is cold, and sometimes the stone forest is covered in light snow. People in my hometown enjoy relaxing activities. On weekends, they go walking in the stone forest to breathe(呼吸)fresh air. Young people like riding bikes along the stream. Old people like sitting on the stones near the stream and watching kids play and laugh. Some families also have picnics by the stream during holidays. I love my hometown deeply. I hope more people can visit my hometown and love it. 阅读以上材料，回答下列各小题。 1．What is special in the writer’s hometown? A．The buildings. B．The big lake. C．The stone forest. D．The wild flowers. 2．How is the weather in spring in the writer’s hometown? A．Hot. B．Cold. C．Rainy. D．Warm. 3．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．Leaves. B．Stones. C．Snow. D．Hills. 4．What do young people like doing along the stream? A．Having picnics. B．Riding bikes. C．Talking and playing. D．Going fishing. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The history of the stone forest. B．Four seasons of the writer’s hometown. C．People’s activities in the writer’s hometown. D．The unique landscapes of the writer’s hometown. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者家乡独特的自然景观与四季风貌，以及当地人们的休闲活动，表达了对家乡的热爱与推广意愿。 1．细节理解题。根据“there’s a special ‘stone forest’ at the foot of the hills”可知，作者家乡的特别之处是石林。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Spring is warm, and wild flowers bloom between the stones”可知，春天天气温暖。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“In autumn, red.....on the ground from trees”可知，秋天从树上掉落的红色事物应为树叶。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Young people like riding bikes along the stream”可知，年轻人喜欢在小溪边骑自行车。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据全文围绕“unique landscapes”（独特景观），结合四季风貌和人们的活动来展开描述可知，文章主旨是作者家乡的独特景观。故选D。 进阶拓展训练5篇 Do you know mountains that look like huge stone pillars (石柱)? Many people feel surprised when they first see the special mountains in Zhangjiajie. How did these mountains form? Let’s travel through time to discover their story. Long ago, Zhangjiajie was under water. Rivers brought sand to the seabed. Year after year, new sand fell on the old sand. The heavy new sand pushed (挤) the old sand together. After millions of years, the sand became hard rock. The hard rock was sandstone. Then, something amazing happened. The seabed slowly ascended and became dry land. The sandstone started breaking into big pieces. Now came nature’s artists—wind and water. Strong winds blew against the sandstone, while rainwater made small holes (洞) in the stones. Like a knife cutting cakes, rivers flowed through these holes and made them deeper. These two natural artists slowly changed the sandstone into beautiful stone pillars. But this story isn’t over. Even now, wind and rain keep making the stone pillars smaller. Scientists say that after millions more years, these stone pillars will completely disappear. So we’re ______  to see this natural wonder before it’s all gone 1．What is special about the mountains in Zhangjiajie? A．They are very high. B．They look like stone pillars. C．They are under water. D．They have many waterfalls. 2．What was Zhangjiajie like long ago? A．A dry desert. B．A big forest. C．A wide plain. D．A water world. 3．What does the underlined word “ascended” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．moved up B．broke up C．came around D．knocked around 4．Which of the following words is the most suitable for “______” in the last paragraph? A．worried B．sorry C．confident D．lucky 5．The writer writes the passage to answer ______. A．what makes the mountains disappear B．where visitors should go in Zhangjiajie C．how the stone pillar grew over the years D．why we need to look after the mountains 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了张家界特殊的石柱状山脉的形成过程，同时也指出这些石柱未来可能会消失，提醒人们珍惜这一自然奇观。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Do you know mountains that look like huge stone pillars”和“Many people feel surprised when they first see the special mountains in Zhangjiajie”可知，张家界的山像巨大的石柱。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Long ago, Zhangjiajie was under water.”可知，张家界很久以前是一个水世界。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“The seabed slowly ascended and became dry land”可知，海底慢慢“升起”变成陆地，ascended意为“上升”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scientists say that after millions more years, these stone pillars will completely disappear.”可知石柱会慢慢消失，现在我们能看到应该感到幸运，这是一种庆幸之情，选“lucky”最合适。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了这些石柱山脉是如何逐渐形成的，故选C。 Do you know Dongting Lake? Do you want to go there? It’s a famous lake in Hunan, China. It covers about 2,579 square kilometers. Dongting Lake is so beautiful. Many famous people, like Li Bai, Liu Yuxi, wrote poems (诗) about Dongting Lake. The best time to visit it is from March to October. Dongting Lake is also important to nature and people. It connects to the Changjiang River and acts like a “water bank”. Dongting Lake keeps the water from the Changjiang River. When it’s summer, there is a lot of rain. Water in the Changjiang River joins into Dongting Lake. This helps stop floods (洪水) and protects nearby villages and farms. In winter, the lake becomes smaller, and many birds fly there. So water in the lake in summer is more than that in winter. People get plenty of fish from Dongting Lake every year and cook delicious fish dishes in the restaurants. If you love nature and culture (文化), Dongting Lake is waiting for you! You can take boats, watch birds, or climb Yueyang Tower nearby to enjoy yourself. 1．From the passage, the good seasons to visit the lake are __________. A．from spring to fall B．from spring to summer C．from summer to winter D．from winter to spring 2．Which is right about the “water bank”? A．A place to save money. B．A place to store water. C．A building to protect people. D．A river to raise fish. 3．Why is Dongting Lake important to nature and people? A．Because many birds fly there to rest in summer. B．Because it is famous for its delicious fish dishes. C．Because many poets like Li Bai wrote beautiful poems. D．Because it helps stop floods and protects places nearby. 4．What might you see in Dongting Lake in winter? A．More water than in summer. B．Many kinds of birds. C．People writing poems there. D．Floods in the villages. 5．The text is to _________. A．talk about floods near Dongting Lake B．show delicious fish dishes in Dongting Lake C．introduce Dongting Lake’s nature and culture D．teach us to build a water bank in Dongting Lake 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了湖南著名的洞庭湖，包括它的自然风光、文化背景以及对自然与人类的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据原文“The best time to visit it is from March to October.”可知，最佳旅游时间是3月至10月，涵盖了春季到秋季，故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“Dongting Lake keeps the water from the Changjiang River… This helps stop floods…”可知，洞庭湖像一个“水库”一样储存水，防止洪水。water bank是指“储水的地方”，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“This helps stop floods and protects nearby villages and farms.”可知，洞庭湖在夏天起到防洪、保护周边村庄的作用，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“In winter, the lake becomes smaller, and many birds fly there.”可知，冬天水变少，许多鸟飞到这里，故选B。 5．主旨大意题。文章介绍了洞庭湖的自然景观、文化背景以及防洪、捕鱼等多方面内容，目的是介绍它的自然与文化，故选C。 The Eye of the Sahara is one of Earth’s most amazing natural wonders. It’s a special place in the desert (沙漠) of Mauritania, Africa. Looking from the sky, it looks like a huge, bright eye! It is as long as 500 football fields. The Eye looks like a big round pizza with different colored parts. How was it made? Millions of years ago, the ground under the sand started to rise up. Then, wind and rain slowly wore away the soft rocks (岩石), leaving the hard ones behind. Over time, these hard rocks formed the beautiful circles we see today. From above, you can count about 10 round circles, each one has a different color. The biggest circle is on the outside, with smaller ones inside. But the Eye of the Sahara is in trouble. The desert is very dry, and sandstorms often blow over it. The sand can make the rocks difficult to see. Also, not many people know about this amazing place because it’s far from big cities. What can we do to help? Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks from sand. Some people also suggest building a small road or a simple visitor center nearby. This way, more kids and tourists can come and see the Eye of the Sahara. 1．What does the Eye of the Sahara look like? A．A football field. B．A bright star. C．A colorful pizza. D．A deep ocean. 2．What can we learn about the circles of the Eye from Paragraph 2? A．They are all the same size. B．The smallest circle is in the center. C．Each circle has the same color. D．There are about 8 round circles. 3．Why can’t many people visit the Eye of the Sahara easily? A．Because it’s too small to find. B．Because it’s far from cities. C．Because it’s always full of water. D．Because it’s too hot to get there. 4．What does the underlined word “conserve” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Climb. B．Hike. C．Develop. D．Protect. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To talk about dangerous sandstorms. B．To tell how to build a visitor center. C．To compare different deserts in Africa. D．To describe a natural wonder and its challenges. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了非洲撒哈拉之眼的地貌特征、形成原因及其面临的保护挑战。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“The Eye looks like a big round pizza with different colored parts.”可知，它像一块彩色的披萨。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第2段“The biggest circle is on the outside, with smaller ones inside.”可知，最大的圆环在外侧，内侧是较小的圆环，因此中心应是最小的圆环。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“not many people know about this amazing place because it’s far from big cities.”可知，没有多少人知道这个神奇的地方，因为它远离大城市。故选B。 4．词句猜测题。根据文章第4段“Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks from sand.”可知，科学家正在研究撒哈拉之眼，以找到保护岩石免受沙子侵蚀的方法。“conserve”意为“保护”。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。全文围绕撒哈拉之眼的地貌、形成及保护展开，重点描述其自然奇观与挑战。故选D。 The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world, covering about 9 million square kilometers in North Africa. It is a land of extreme heat and little rain, but it’s far from lifeless.   Many animals have adapted to the harsh environment. Camels, known as “ships of the desert,” can store water and walk for days without drinking. Fennec foxes have large ears to keep cool and hunt at night to avoid the heat.   The desert also has its own beauty. Sand dunes stretch for miles, changing shape in the wind. At night, the sky is filled with stars, creating a breathtaking view.   However, the Sahara is facing challenges. Climate change is making the desert even drier, and overgrazing (过度放牧) by livestock is damaging the land. Scientists are studying ways to protect the fragile ecosystem and help local communities survive. 1．Why are camels called “ships of the desert”? A．Because they can swim. B．Because they store water and travel long distances. C．Because they are large. D．Because they live in groups. 2．What is the main problem in the Sahara? A．Heavy rain. B．Deforestation. C．Climate change and overgrazing. D．Too many tourists. 3．The underlined word “harsh” means ________ in Chinese. A．舒适的 B．恶劣的 C．温和的 D．多变的 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的相关内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“Camels, known as ‘ships of the desert,’ can store water and walk for days without drinking.”可知，骆驼被称为“沙漠之舟”，它们能够储存水分，而且数天内都不需要饮水就能行走。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, the Sahara is facing challenges. Climate change is making the desert even drier, and overgrazing (过度放牧) by livestock is damaging the land.”可知，撒哈拉沙漠正面临的问题是气候变化和过度放牧，故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Many animals have adapted to the harsh environment.”和本段后面内容可知，许多动物已经适应了恶劣的环境，所以“harsh”的意思是“恶劣的”。故选B。 Glaciers (冰川) hold about 70% of the Earth’s fresh water. They are large pieces of closely packed ice and snow. Glaciers only form in very cold places. Every year, new snow falls on top of the old snow. The layers (层) of snow press down on each other, and then the snow crystals (晶体) start to change. They get smaller, and air pockets are pushed out of the snow. This allows the crystals to grow longer. Over time, the snow layer at the bottom of all the other snow layers becomes ice. The whole process of making a glacier takes about 100 years. Some ice is packed so closely that it looks blue. The snow on top of a glacier looks white because it reflects all of the light. But the ice layers of the glacier do not have many air pockets. They absorb different parts of light and reflect blue light. Some of the glaciers on the Earth may be very old. Scientists think that a few glaciers have ice that is about 8 million years old. Not all of the glaciers are so old, though. A number of glaciers in Alaska (阿拉斯加) are only about 100 years old. There are different kinds of glaciers. An ice stream is a kind of glacier that forms on another glacier, and it looks like a frozen river. Rock glaciers are made when ice, rock, and other objects get mixed together. 1．The underlined word “absorb” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”. A．cut down B．give out C．make up D．take in 2．Why does the writer talk about Alaska’s glaciers? A．Because some of the glaciers are not very old. B．Because they are the oldest glaciers on the Earth. C．Because the weather in Alaska is very cold. D．Because the rocks in them are valuable. 3．How does the writer support his idea in the last paragraph? A．By asking questions. B．By showing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By telling stories. 4．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To make an introduction about glaciers. B．To describe different kinds of fresh water. C．To point out the importance of glaciers. D．To introduce the influence of cold weather. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冰川的形成过程、颜色成因、年龄差异以及不同类型。 1．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句“ They absorb different parts of light and reflect blue light.”可知，此处表示它们吸收不同部分的光并反射蓝光。由此可推知，画线词absorb意为“吸收”，与take in的意思相近。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Not all of the glaciers are so old, though. A number of glaciers in Alaska (阿拉斯加) are only about 100 years old.”可推知，作者提到阿拉斯加的冰川是想说明有些冰川并不是很古老。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“An ice stream is a kind of glacier that forms on another glacier, and it looks like a frozen river. Rock glaciers are made when ice, rock, and other objects get mixed together.”可知，作者通过列举冰流和岩石冰川的例子来支持自己的观点。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了冰川的相关情况，所以本文的写作目的是介绍冰川。故选A。 能力综合实践5篇 When I arrived, it was early morning and it was raining. I got out of the car, went through a gate and walked along a path. In the east, the sky was becoming light, but beside the path, it was still very dark. I knew it was there, but there was nothing to see. After about a kilometer, a stranger appeared in front of me. “Am I going the right way?” I asked. He knew where I was going. “Yes,” he replied. “you’ll get there in five mintutes.” Finally, I came to some rocks, and stopped. I looked carefully over them, but it was still too dark to see anything. Suddenly, the clouds cleared and the rain stopped. The sun rose behind me and beyond the rocks. I saw that the ground fell away and down to a river, far below me. I was on the edge of the Grand Canyon（大峡谷）, one of the wonders of the natural world. I looked down to the Colorado River about 2 kilometers below me. If you put three tallest buildings in the world at the bottom of the canyon, they still won’t reach the top. Then I looked across to the other side of the canyon. How far is it? It’s 20 kilometers, maybe more. Finally, I looked to my left and to my right, and both sides of the canyon disappeared into the distance over 400 kilometers long. The Grand Canyon is not just big. It’s huge! That morning on the edge of the canyon, I asked myself a question. It’s not “How deep is it?” or “How wide is it?” or “How long is it?” but “Is the Grand Canyon the greatest wonder anywhere in the natural world?” I know the answer. But what do you think? 1．There was nothing to see because. A．there was nothing B．it was too dark C．it was raining D．it was in the morning 2．The writer asked himself a question about the Grand Canyon,“” A．How deep is it? B．How wide is it? C．How long is it? D．Is it the greatest wonder? 3．According to the passage, which sentence is NOT right? A．The Grand Canyon is taller than three tallest buildings in the world. B．The Grand Canyon is much longer than 400 kilometers. C．The Colorado River was about 2 kilometers below the writer. D．The writer thinks the Colorado River is the greatest wonder of natural world. 4．The writer’s purpose in writing this passage is. A．to give facts about the Grand Canyon B．to tell how he feels about the Grand Canyon C．to describe the Grand Canyon D．to tell people to visit the Grand Canyon 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者去科罗拉多大峡谷的感受。作者认为科罗拉多大峡谷是自然界最伟大的奇迹。 1．细节理解题。根据“but beside the path, it was still very dark. I knew it was there, but there was nothing to see.”可知，但是在小路的旁边，仍然很暗，看不到什么。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“I asked myself a question. It’s not ‘How deep is it?’ or ‘How wide is it?’ or ‘How long is it?’ but ‘Is the Grand Canyon the greatest wonder anywhere in the natural world?’”可知，我问了自己一个问题，不是“它有多深？”或“它有多宽？”或“它有多长？”而是“大峡谷是自然世界中最伟大的奇迹吗？”因此，作者问的问题是“这是最大的奇迹吗？”故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“Is the Grand Canyon the greatest wonder anywhere in the natural world?”可推测，作者认为科罗拉多大峡谷是最伟大的奇迹，而不是科罗拉多河。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“That morning on the edge of the canyon, I asked myself a question. It’s not ‘How deep is it?’ or ‘How wide is it?’ or ‘How long is it?’ but ‘Is the Grand Canyon the greatest wonder anywhere in the natural world?’ I know the answer. But what do you think?”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是表达他对大峡谷的感觉。故选B。 The Amazon is the world’s biggest rainforest. It is in South America. It is so wide that it covers a little more than the half size of China! The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river. The Amazon covers much of Brazil. The green color on the national flag of Brazil stands for the rainforest. However, climate change (气候变化) and human activities make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. According to a new study, many trees there may die, and the Amazon rainforest may turn into hot, dry grassland in a few years. Why is the Amazon “sick”? The Amazon is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three droughts have hit the rainforest. They were caused by climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, they can easily catch fire. Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these kind of activities made about 17% of the rainforest disappear. △ The Amazon is like the lungs (肺) of our planet. The rich plants there take carbon dioxide (CO2) out of the air and make oxygen. They make more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. If the Amazon “dies”, there will be more CO2 and our Earth will become even hotter. The Amazon is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear. 1．According to the passage, what is NOT the reason that makes the Amazon rainforest “sick”? A．There are many forest fires. B．Climate changes. C．People cut down trees. D．Too many animals and plants live there. 2．What will happen if the Amazon rainforest dies? A．People will lose their lungs. B．Many animals and plants will die. C．We will feel colder. D．There will be more oxygen. 3．What does the underlined word “droughts” mean in paragraph 4? A．too little rain B．too little snow C．too much rain D．too much fire 4．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．The Amazon rainforest is in South America. B．The Amazon is the world’s biggest rainforest. C．The Amazon River is the world’s longest river. D．More than 1000 kinds of birds live in the Amazon. 5．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank ( △ ) in the passage. A．Where is the Amazon? B．Who lives in the Amazon? C．How can we protect the Amazon? D．What will happen if we lose the Amazon? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍南美洲亚马逊雨林的重要性，以及气候变化和人类活动使“它”生病，而且很难进行自我修复。 1．细节理解题。根据“But since 2005, three droughts have hit the rainforest. They were caused by climate change.”和“Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland.”可知，ABC选项都是造成雨林“生病”的原因，没有提到D选项。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The Amazon is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear.”可知，如果没有雨林，这些动植物会消失。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“The trees don’t have enough water to grow.”可知，雨林里的树木没有足够的水生长，说明雨林在遭遇干旱；结合选项，“droughts”的含义为“太少的雨水”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river.”可知，亚马孙河是世界上第二长河，C选项表述有误。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“If the Amazon ‘dies’, there will be more CO2 and our Earth will become even hotter.”及最后两段可知，亚马逊热带雨林是地球的“肺”，如果雨林“死亡”，地球上的二氧化碳会更多、地球会更热、许多动植物也会消失；由此推知，最后两段是在阐述“如果我们失去亚马逊雨林会发生什么？”。故选D。 Rainforests (热带雨林) are some of the most amazing places on Earth. They cover only about 6% of the world’s land, but are home to more than half of all living things. These denseforests are full of life, from tiny insects to large animals, and from small plants to tall trees. The rainforest has different layers. The top layer is called the emergent layer, where the tallest trees reach up to 70 meters. Below that is the canopy, a thick layer of leaves and branches that stops most sunlight from reaching the layers below. Next is the understory, with smaller trees and bushes. The bottom layer is the forest floor, where only a little sunlight gets through. Many rainforest animals have special skills to live in their layers. For example, sloths hang from the canopy branches. Their long claws help them stay there, and their slow movement helps them save energy. Toucans have big beaks to reach fruit on thin branches that can’t hold their weight. On the forest floor, jaguars use their spots to hide in the shadows while hunting. Rainforests are important for the whole world. They take in carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and give out oxygen (氧气), which helps keep the air clean. They also help control the world’s weather. But rainforests are in danger. Every year, large areas are cut down for wood or to make space for farms. This destroys the homes of many animals and plants, and may even change the world’s climate. 1．What percentage of the world’s land do rainforests cover? A．About 6%. B．About 16%. C．About 26%. D．About 36%. 2．What does the word “dense” mean in the first paragraph? A．Dry. B．Thick with plants. C．Cold. D．Easy to walk through. 3．Why do toucans have big beaks? A．To hang from branches. B．To hide from predators. C．To reach fruit on thin branches. D．To run fast on the forest floor. 4．Put the layers of the rainforest from top to bottom. ①understory ②emergent layer ③forest floor ④canopy A．②→④→①→③ B．④→②→①→③ C．②→①→④→③ D．④→①→②→③ 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How animals live in the rainforest. B．The layers of the rainforest. C．Why rainforests are amazing and important. D．How to cut down rainforests. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了热带雨林的相关情况，包括其覆盖面积、分层结构、生活在其中的动物的特殊生存技能，以及热带雨林的重要性和面临的危险。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“They cover only about 6% of the world’s land”可知，热带雨林约覆盖世界陆地的大约6%。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据第一段“from tiny insects to large animals, and from small plants to tall trees”可知，热带雨林中生活着从微小昆虫到大型动物、从小植物到高大树木等众多生物，由此可推测“dense”意为“植物茂密的”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Toucans have big beaks to reach fruit on thin branches that can’t hold their weight” 可知，巨嘴鸟有大喙是为了够到细树枝上的果实。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段“The top layer is called the emergent layer... Below that is the canopy... Next is the understory... The bottom layer is the forest floor”可知，顺序是emergent layer→canopy→understory→forest floor，即②→④→①→③。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。文章介绍了热带雨林的奇妙之处，并说明了它对世界的重要性及其面临的危机。全文的核心是阐述热带雨林为何既神奇又重要。故选C。 A river is a flowing, moving stream of water. Usually a river feeds water into an ocean, lake, pond, or even another river. Rivers can differ in size and there is no strict rule on how big a flow of water must be to be called a river. Here are the five longest rivers in the world. The Nile River The Nile River is about 4,145 miles long. It is located in the continent of Africa, mostly in the countries of Egypt and Sudan. It flows north into the Mediterranean Sea. The Amazon River The Amazon River is about 3,977 miles long. It is located in the continent of South America and flows through several countries including Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, and Ecuador. It ends at the Atlantic Ocean. The Yangtze River Located in China, the Yangtze River is about 3,975 miles long and flows into the East China Sea. The Mississippi River and the Missouri River The river system of the Mississippi River and the Missouri River is the longest river system in North America at about 3,902 miles. It flows south into the Gulf of Mexico. The Yenisei River The Yenisei River starts in Mongolia and flows through Russia to the Kara Sea in the Arctic Ocean. It’s about 3,442 miles long. There are 76 rivers in the world over 1,000 miles long. A lot of people think that rivers always flow south, but 4 of the 10 longest rivers in the world flow north. The United States alone has around 3.5 million miles of rivers. Four of the top 10 longest rivers flow through China at some point. 1．Which is the second longest river in the world? A．The Nile River. B．The Mississippi River. C．The Yangtze River. D．The Amazon River. 2．The Mississippi River ends at ________. A．the Mediterranean Sea B．the East China Sea C．the Gulf of Mexico D．the Arctic Ocean 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Fun facts about world rivers. B．In which direction most rivers flow. C．Rivers over 1,000 miles long in the world. D．Four longest rivers flowing through China. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上最长的五条河流。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Nile River is about 4,145 miles long.”、“The Amazon River is about 3,977 miles long.”以及“Located in China, the Yangtze River is about 3,975 miles long and flows into the East China Sea.”可知，亚马孙河全长3977英里，仅次于尼罗河 (全长4145英里)。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The river system of the Mississippi River and the Missouri River is the longest river system in North America at about 3,902 miles. It flows south into the Gulf of Mexico.”可知，密西西比河和密苏里河的河系向南流入墨西哥湾，所以密西西比河最终流入墨西哥湾。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。综合全段可知，全球超过1000英里的河流有76条、多数人误以为河流向南流，但前10长河中有4条向北流、美国河流总长度、中国涉及4条前10长河等内容，这些都是关于世界河流的有趣事实，所以该段主要讲的是关于世界河流的有趣事实。故选A。 When we look at the Earth, we see many different things. Sometimes, you may hear people talk about landform and landscape. Are they the same thing? Let’s find out! A landform is a natural feature of the Earth’s surface. Think of big mountains that rise high up, low valleys (山谷) between hills, flat plains that go on and on, and sandy deserts. These are all landforms. They are made by nature over a long, long time. For example, mountains are formed when huge pieces of the Earth’s surface push against (撞) each other. Valleys can be made by rivers cutting through the land little by little. Each landform has a name that tells us what it looks like and how it was formed. Scientists study landforms to learn about the history of the Earth. A landscape, on the other hand, is what you see when you look at an area of land. It includes (包括) landforms, but it also has other things like plants, buildings, and lakes. Imagine standing on top of a hill. You can see green trees waving in the wind, a small village with houses, and a clear lake nearby. All these things together make up the landscape. A landscape can change rapidly. If people build new buildings or cut down a lot of trees, the landscape will look different in just a few months. Let’s take a forest in the mountains as an example. The mountain is the landform — it’s a natural feature of the Earth. But when you see the tall trees, hear the birds singing, and watch a little stream (溪流) running down the mountain, that’s the landscape. So, the key difference is this: landform is about the natural shapes of the Earth, and landscape is about the whole view of an area, including both natural and man-made things. Next time you go on a trip, try to enjoy different landforms and describe (描述) the beautiful landscapes around you! 1．Which of the following is a landform? A．A newly-built bridge. B．A flat plain. C．A group of trees. D．A small house. 2．What can we learn from the text about how mountains are formed? A．They are made by people building up the land. B．They are formed when rivers cut through the land. C．They are formed when the Earth’s plates push into each other. D．They are formed by heavy rain and strong winds. 3．What does the underlined word “rapidly” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Brightly. B．Quickly. C．Powerfully. D．Quietly. 4．What does “landscape” usually include? A．Only landforms. B．Only natural things. C．Just man-made things. D．Landforms, trees, houses and lakes. 5．How does the writer explain the difference between landform and landscape? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地形和景观的区别。 1．细节理解题。根据“Think of big mountains that rise high up, low valleys (山谷) between hills, flat plains that go on and on, and sandy deserts. These are all landforms.”可知，高耸的大山、小山之间的低山谷，连绵不断的平原，还有沙漠，这些都是地形。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“mountains are formed when huge pieces of the Earth’s surface push against (撞) each other”可知，山是由地球表面的巨大板块相互推动而形成的。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“If people build new buildings or cut down a lot of trees, the landscape will look different in just a few months.”可知，如果人们建造新的建筑物或砍伐大量的树木，景观将在短短几个月内看起来不同。因此景观的变化很快，rapidly和quickly都表示“快的，迅速的”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“It includes (包括) landforms, but it also has other things like plants, buildings, and lakes.”可知，景观包括地形，但也有其他东西，如植物、建筑物和湖泊。故选D。 5．推理判断题。通读全文，结合文中关键词句“For example”“Let’s take a forest in the mountains as an example.”等可知，作者通过列举很多的事物来解释什么是地形和景观。故选C。 22 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 21 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit6 Beautiful landscapes 单元话题阅读理解进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 You may think there is only sand (沙子) in the desert, but it is not the fact. In the desert, there is a little rain, and it is not enough for most plants. But we can see some plants live in the desert. There is water in some places in the desert. We call these places oases (绿洲) . People grow different kinds of crops (庄稼) there. People also live outside the oases. They have camels (骆驼) , sheep and other animals. These animals depend on the desert plants for their food and do not need much water. The animals are useful to the desert people in many ways. They eat meat and drink milk of the animals. They use the camels to carry things like water and food. What’s more, the camels can even help people find water. The desert people have to keep moving from place to place. They must always look for desert plants for their animals. When there is no more food for their animals, they move to another place. The desert people are friendly. They would like to help the people in need and give them food and water. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By telling a fact. C．By asking a question. D．By giving examples. 2．What does the underlined phrase “depend on” mean in Chinese in Paragraph 2? A．交换 B．种植 C．灌溉 D．依靠 3．Why do desert people keep moving from place to place? A．To visit different places of interest. B．To find new kinds of animals. C．To look for food for their animals. D．To help the people in need. 4．What’s the life of the desert people like? A．Interesting. B．Hard. C．Quiet. D．Exciting. 5．What is the text mainly about? A．How animals live in the desert. B．Oases and plants in the desert. C．Desert people and their way of life. D．Why the desert has little rain. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. It is located in the Himalayas on the border between Nepal and China. Climbing Mount Everest is a great challenge for many mountaineers. The weather conditions on the mountain are extremely harsh. There are strong winds, low temperatures, and thin air. However, despite the difficulties, many people still attempt to climb it. They are attracted by the beauty and the sense of achievement that comes with reaching the summit. In recent years, the number of climbers has increased. This has led to some problems, such as overcrowding on the mountain and environmental pollution. Some climbers leave their trash on the mountain, which is harmful to the environment. We should respect nature and protect the environment when climbing Mount Everest. We should also follow the rules and regulations set by the authorities. Only in this way can we ensure the sustainable development of mountaineering activities and protect this magnificent natural wonder. 1．Where is Mount Everest located? A．In Nepal only. B．In China only. C．On the border between Nepal and China. D．In India. 2．Why do people climb Mount Everest? A．Because it is easy. B．Because they want to challenge themselves and experience the sense of achievement. C．Because they don't like other mountains. D．Because they want to make money. 3．What are the problems caused by the increasing number of climbers? A．Only overcrowding. B．Only environmental pollution. C．Overcrowding and environmental pollution. D．Climate change. 4．What should we do when climbing Mount Everest? A．Leave trash on the mountain. B．Ignore the rules and regulations. C．Respect nature and protect the environment and follow the rules. D．Climb without permission. Dianchi Lake is a beautiful and famous lake in Kunming, Yunnan Province. It is the largest freshwater (淡水) lake in Yunnan. The lake covers an area of about 330 square kilometres. It looks like a shining pearl with mountains around it. Dianchi Lake is very important for the people of Kunming. For one thing, it has historical meaning to them. Dianchi Lake has a long history of about 3.4 million years. It was once the capital of a kingdom in ancient China. For another, it gives joy to their present life. Every winter, thousands of birds come to the lake. This makes it a great place for people to watch all kinds of birds. There are many interesting places around Dianchi Lake. For example, there is the West Hill Forest Park. You can enjoy beautiful views of the lake and explore ancient temples there. Dianchi Lake is a wonderful place to visit at any time of the year. In spring, you can see beautiful flowers. In winter, you can watch the birds. In summer, people go fishing and in autumn they go up the mountains and have a bird’s-eye view of the lake. 1．How large is Dianchi Lake? A．About 300 square kilometres. B．About 330 square kilometres. C．About 340 square kilometres. D．About 303 square kilometres. 2．Why is Dianchi Lake important to the people of Kunming? A．Because it is beautiful. B．Because it has historical meaning and gives joy. C．Because it is the largest lake. D．Because there are many birds. 3．What can people do in the West Hill Forest Park? ①Enjoy beautiful views.  ②Explore ancient temples. ③Watch birds.  ④See beautiful flowers. A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．③④ 4．What does “a bird’s-eye view” mean? A．A view from a bird's eyes. B．A view from above. C．A view of birds. D．A view of the sky. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Dianchi Lake is a beautiful and important lake in Yunnan. B．People can do many things at Dianchi Lake. C．There are many birds at Dianchi Lake. D．Dianchi Lake has a long history. The Grand Canyon (大峡谷) is a large, deep valley in the United States. It is made by the Colorado River. The Grand Canyon is about 446 kilometers long, up to 29 kilometers wide, and over 1,800 meters deep. It is one of the most famous natural wonders in the world. The rocks in the Grand Canyon show different colors, like red, brown, and yellow. The colors change with the sunlight. In the morning, the rocks look red. As the sun moves, the colors become darker. At sunset, the rocks turn into a golden-brown color. There are many plants and animals living in the Grand Canyon. Different kinds of birds fly in the sky, and small animals run around on the ground. The Grand Canyon is a great place for hiking and camping. People can also take a helicopter (直升机) tour to enjoy the amazing view from the sky. However, because of human activities, the environment of the Grand Canyon is facing some problems. We should take action to protect this beautiful landscape. 1．What made the Grand Canyon? A．The wind. B．The rain. C．The Colorado River. D．The people. 2．How long is the Grand Canyon? A．About 446 kilometers. B．Up to 29 kilometers. C．Over 1,800 meters. D．About 1,545 meters. 3．What can we know about the rocks in the Grand Canyon? A．They are all red. B．Their colors never change. C．They have different colors. D．They are all brown. 4．What can people do in the Grand Canyon? A．Only hike. B．Only camp. C．Only take a helicopter tour. D．Hike, camp and take a helicopter tour. 5．What problem does the Grand Canyon face? A．There are no plants. B．There are no animals. C．The environment is in trouble. D．It’s too small. My hometown is a small town with unique (独一无二的) landscapes. There are many soft green hills, and there’s a special “stone (石头) forest” at the foot of the hills. The stones are in special shapes (形状)：some look like rabbits, some look like big mushrooms. Beside the stone forest, a clear stream (溪流) runs all year round. The four seasons here are different and lovely. Spring is warm, and wild flowers bloom (开花) between the stones. Summer is not too hot because of the shade (背阴处) of the hills. In autumn, red ________ fall on the ground from trees, like a beautiful painting. Winter is cold, and sometimes the stone forest is covered in light snow. People in my hometown enjoy relaxing activities. On weekends, they go walking in the stone forest to breathe(呼吸)fresh air. Young people like riding bikes along the stream. Old people like sitting on the stones near the stream and watching kids play and laugh. Some families also have picnics by the stream during holidays. I love my hometown deeply. I hope more people can visit my hometown and love it. 阅读以上材料，回答下列各小题。 1．What is special in the writer’s hometown? A．The buildings. B．The big lake. C．The stone forest. D．The wild flowers. 2．How is the weather in spring in the writer’s hometown? A．Hot. B．Cold. C．Rainy. D．Warm. 3．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．Leaves. B．Stones. C．Snow. D．Hills. 4．What do young people like doing along the stream? A．Having picnics. B．Riding bikes. C．Talking and playing. D．Going fishing. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The history of the stone forest. B．Four seasons of the writer’s hometown. C．People’s activities in the writer’s hometown. D．The unique landscapes of the writer’s hometown. 进阶拓展训练5篇 Do you know mountains that look like huge stone pillars (石柱)? Many people feel surprised when they first see the special mountains in Zhangjiajie. How did these mountains form? Let’s travel through time to discover their story. Long ago, Zhangjiajie was under water. Rivers brought sand to the seabed. Year after year, new sand fell on the old sand. The heavy new sand pushed (挤) the old sand together. After millions of years, the sand became hard rock. The hard rock was sandstone. Then, something amazing happened. The seabed slowly ascended and became dry land. The sandstone started breaking into big pieces. Now came nature’s artists—wind and water. Strong winds blew against the sandstone, while rainwater made small holes (洞) in the stones. Like a knife cutting cakes, rivers flowed through these holes and made them deeper. These two natural artists slowly changed the sandstone into beautiful stone pillars. But this story isn’t over. Even now, wind and rain keep making the stone pillars smaller. Scientists say that after millions more years, these stone pillars will completely disappear. So we’re ______  to see this natural wonder before it’s all gone 1．What is special about the mountains in Zhangjiajie? A．They are very high. B．They look like stone pillars. C．They are under water. D．They have many waterfalls. 2．What was Zhangjiajie like long ago? A．A dry desert. B．A big forest. C．A wide plain. D．A water world. 3．What does the underlined word “ascended” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．moved up B．broke up C．came around D．knocked around 4．Which of the following words is the most suitable for “______” in the last paragraph? A．worried B．sorry C．confident D．lucky 5．The writer writes the passage to answer ______. A．what makes the mountains disappear B．where visitors should go in Zhangjiajie C．how the stone pillar grew over the years D．why we need to look after the mountains Do you know Dongting Lake? Do you want to go there? It’s a famous lake in Hunan, China. It covers about 2,579 square kilometers. Dongting Lake is so beautiful. Many famous people, like Li Bai, Liu Yuxi, wrote poems (诗) about Dongting Lake. The best time to visit it is from March to October. Dongting Lake is also important to nature and people. It connects to the Changjiang River and acts like a “water bank”. Dongting Lake keeps the water from the Changjiang River. When it’s summer, there is a lot of rain. Water in the Changjiang River joins into Dongting Lake. This helps stop floods (洪水) and protects nearby villages and farms. In winter, the lake becomes smaller, and many birds fly there. So water in the lake in summer is more than that in winter. People get plenty of fish from Dongting Lake every year and cook delicious fish dishes in the restaurants. If you love nature and culture (文化), Dongting Lake is waiting for you! You can take boats, watch birds, or climb Yueyang Tower nearby to enjoy yourself. 1．From the passage, the good seasons to visit the lake are __________. A．from spring to fall B．from spring to summer C．from summer to winter D．from winter to spring 2．Which is right about the “water bank”? A．A place to save money. B．A place to store water. C．A building to protect people. D．A river to raise fish. 3．Why is Dongting Lake important to nature and people? A．Because many birds fly there to rest in summer. B．Because it is famous for its delicious fish dishes. C．Because many poets like Li Bai wrote beautiful poems. D．Because it helps stop floods and protects places nearby. 4．What might you see in Dongting Lake in winter? A．More water than in summer. B．Many kinds of birds. C．People writing poems there. D．Floods in the villages. 5．The text is to _________. A．talk about floods near Dongting Lake B．show delicious fish dishes in Dongting Lake C．introduce Dongting Lake’s nature and culture D．teach us to build a water bank in Dongting Lake The Eye of the Sahara is one of Earth’s most amazing natural wonders. It’s a special place in the desert (沙漠) of Mauritania, Africa. Looking from the sky, it looks like a huge, bright eye! It is as long as 500 football fields. The Eye looks like a big round pizza with different colored parts. How was it made? Millions of years ago, the ground under the sand started to rise up. Then, wind and rain slowly wore away the soft rocks (岩石), leaving the hard ones behind. Over time, these hard rocks formed the beautiful circles we see today. From above, you can count about 10 round circles, each one has a different color. The biggest circle is on the outside, with smaller ones inside. But the Eye of the Sahara is in trouble. The desert is very dry, and sandstorms often blow over it. The sand can make the rocks difficult to see. Also, not many people know about this amazing place because it’s far from big cities. What can we do to help? Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks from sand. Some people also suggest building a small road or a simple visitor center nearby. This way, more kids and tourists can come and see the Eye of the Sahara. 1．What does the Eye of the Sahara look like? A．A football field. B．A bright star. C．A colorful pizza. D．A deep ocean. 2．What can we learn about the circles of the Eye from Paragraph 2? A．They are all the same size. B．The smallest circle is in the center. C．Each circle has the same color. D．There are about 8 round circles. 3．Why can’t many people visit the Eye of the Sahara easily? A．Because it’s too small to find. B．Because it’s far from cities. C．Because it’s always full of water. D．Because it’s too hot to get there. 4．What does the underlined word “conserve” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Climb. B．Hike. C．Develop. D．Protect. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To talk about dangerous sandstorms. B．To tell how to build a visitor center. C．To compare different deserts in Africa. D．To describe a natural wonder and its challenges. The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world, covering about 9 million square kilometers in North Africa. It is a land of extreme heat and little rain, but it’s far from lifeless.   Many animals have adapted to the harsh environment. Camels, known as “ships of the desert,” can store water and walk for days without drinking. Fennec foxes have large ears to keep cool and hunt at night to avoid the heat.   The desert also has its own beauty. Sand dunes stretch for miles, changing shape in the wind. At night, the sky is filled with stars, creating a breathtaking view.   However, the Sahara is facing challenges. Climate change is making the desert even drier, and overgrazing (过度放牧) by livestock is damaging the land. Scientists are studying ways to protect the fragile ecosystem and help local communities survive. 1．Why are camels called “ships of the desert”? A．Because they can swim. B．Because they store water and travel long distances. C．Because they are large. D．Because they live in groups. 2．What is the main problem in the Sahara? A．Heavy rain. B．Deforestation. C．Climate change and overgrazing. D．Too many tourists. 3．The underlined word “harsh” means ________ in Chinese. A．舒适的 B．恶劣的 C．温和的 D．多变的 Glaciers (冰川) hold about 70% of the Earth’s fresh water. They are large pieces of closely packed ice and snow. Glaciers only form in very cold places. Every year, new snow falls on top of the old snow. The layers (层) of snow press down on each other, and then the snow crystals (晶体) start to change. They get smaller, and air pockets are pushed out of the snow. This allows the crystals to grow longer. Over time, the snow layer at the bottom of all the other snow layers becomes ice. The whole process of making a glacier takes about 100 years. Some ice is packed so closely that it looks blue. The snow on top of a glacier looks white because it reflects all of the light. But the ice layers of the glacier do not have many air pockets. They absorb different parts of light and reflect blue light. Some of the glaciers on the Earth may be very old. Scientists think that a few glaciers have ice that is about 8 million years old. Not all of the glaciers are so old, though. A number of glaciers in Alaska (阿拉斯加) are only about 100 years old. There are different kinds of glaciers. An ice stream is a kind of glacier that forms on another glacier, and it looks like a frozen river. Rock glaciers are made when ice, rock, and other objects get mixed together. 1．The underlined word “absorb” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”. A．cut down B．give out C．make up D．take in 2．Why does the writer talk about Alaska’s glaciers? A．Because some of the glaciers are not very old. B．Because they are the oldest glaciers on the Earth. C．Because the weather in Alaska is very cold. D．Because the rocks in them are valuable. 3．How does the writer support his idea in the last paragraph? A．By asking questions. B．By showing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By telling stories. 4．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To make an introduction about glaciers. B．To describe different kinds of fresh water. C．To point out the importance of glaciers. D．To introduce the influence of cold weather. 能力综合实践5篇 When I arrived, it was early morning and it was raining. I got out of the car, went through a gate and walked along a path. In the east, the sky was becoming light, but beside the path, it was still very dark. I knew it was there, but there was nothing to see. After about a kilometer, a stranger appeared in front of me. “Am I going the right way?” I asked. He knew where I was going. “Yes,” he replied. “you’ll get there in five mintutes.” Finally, I came to some rocks, and stopped. I looked carefully over them, but it was still too dark to see anything. Suddenly, the clouds cleared and the rain stopped. The sun rose behind me and beyond the rocks. I saw that the ground fell away and down to a river, far below me. I was on the edge of the Grand Canyon（大峡谷）, one of the wonders of the natural world. I looked down to the Colorado River about 2 kilometers below me. If you put three tallest buildings in the world at the bottom of the canyon, they still won’t reach the top. Then I looked across to the other side of the canyon. How far is it? It’s 20 kilometers, maybe more. Finally, I looked to my left and to my right, and both sides of the canyon disappeared into the distance over 400 kilometers long. The Grand Canyon is not just big. It’s huge! That morning on the edge of the canyon, I asked myself a question. It’s not “How deep is it?” or “How wide is it?” or “How long is it?” but “Is the Grand Canyon the greatest wonder anywhere in the natural world?” I know the answer. But what do you think? 1．There was nothing to see because. A．there was nothing B．it was too dark C．it was raining D．it was in the morning 2．The writer asked himself a question about the Grand Canyon,“” A．How deep is it? B．How wide is it? C．How long is it? D．Is it the greatest wonder? 3．According to the passage, which sentence is NOT right? A．The Grand Canyon is taller than three tallest buildings in the world. B．The Grand Canyon is much longer than 400 kilometers. C．The Colorado River was about 2 kilometers below the writer. D．The writer thinks the Colorado River is the greatest wonder of natural world. 4．The writer’s purpose in writing this passage is. A．to give facts about the Grand Canyon B．to tell how he feels about the Grand Canyon C．to describe the Grand Canyon D．to tell people to visit the Grand Canyon The Amazon is the world’s biggest rainforest. It is in South America. It is so wide that it covers a little more than the half size of China! The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river. The Amazon covers much of Brazil. The green color on the national flag of Brazil stands for the rainforest. However, climate change (气候变化) and human activities make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. According to a new study, many trees there may die, and the Amazon rainforest may turn into hot, dry grassland in a few years. Why is the Amazon “sick”? The Amazon is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three droughts have hit the rainforest. They were caused by climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, they can easily catch fire. Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these kind of activities made about 17% of the rainforest disappear. △ The Amazon is like the lungs (肺) of our planet. The rich plants there take carbon dioxide (CO2) out of the air and make oxygen. They make more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. If the Amazon “dies”, there will be more CO2 and our Earth will become even hotter. The Amazon is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear. 1．According to the passage, what is NOT the reason that makes the Amazon rainforest “sick”? A．There are many forest fires. B．Climate changes. C．People cut down trees. D．Too many animals and plants live there. 2．What will happen if the Amazon rainforest dies? A．People will lose their lungs. B．Many animals and plants will die. C．We will feel colder. D．There will be more oxygen. 3．What does the underlined word “droughts” mean in paragraph 4? A．too little rain B．too little snow C．too much rain D．too much fire 4．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．The Amazon rainforest is in South America. B．The Amazon is the world’s biggest rainforest. C．The Amazon River is the world’s longest river. D．More than 1000 kinds of birds live in the Amazon. 5．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank ( △ ) in the passage. A．Where is the Amazon? B．Who lives in the Amazon? C．How can we protect the Amazon? D．What will happen if we lose the Amazon? Rainforests (热带雨林) are some of the most amazing places on Earth. They cover only about 6% of the world’s land, but are home to more than half of all living things. These denseforests are full of life, from tiny insects to large animals, and from small plants to tall trees. The rainforest has different layers. The top layer is called the emergent layer, where the tallest trees reach up to 70 meters. Below that is the canopy, a thick layer of leaves and branches that stops most sunlight from reaching the layers below. Next is the understory, with smaller trees and bushes. The bottom layer is the forest floor, where only a little sunlight gets through. Many rainforest animals have special skills to live in their layers. For example, sloths hang from the canopy branches. Their long claws help them stay there, and their slow movement helps them save energy. Toucans have big beaks to reach fruit on thin branches that can’t hold their weight. On the forest floor, jaguars use their spots to hide in the shadows while hunting. Rainforests are important for the whole world. They take in carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and give out oxygen (氧气), which helps keep the air clean. They also help control the world’s weather. But rainforests are in danger. Every year, large areas are cut down for wood or to make space for farms. This destroys the homes of many animals and plants, and may even change the world’s climate. 1．What percentage of the world’s land do rainforests cover? A．About 6%. B．About 16%. C．About 26%. D．About 36%. 2．What does the word “dense” mean in the first paragraph? A．Dry. B．Thick with plants. C．Cold. D．Easy to walk through. 3．Why do toucans have big beaks? A．To hang from branches. B．To hide from predators. C．To reach fruit on thin branches. D．To run fast on the forest floor. 4．Put the layers of the rainforest from top to bottom. ①understory ②emergent layer ③forest floor ④canopy A．②→④→①→③ B．④→②→①→③ C．②→①→④→③ D．④→①→②→③ 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How animals live in the rainforest. B．The layers of the rainforest. C．Why rainforests are amazing and important. D．How to cut down rainforests. A river is a flowing, moving stream of water. Usually a river feeds water into an ocean, lake, pond, or even another river. Rivers can differ in size and there is no strict rule on how big a flow of water must be to be called a river. Here are the five longest rivers in the world. The Nile River The Nile River is about 4,145 miles long. It is located in the continent of Africa, mostly in the countries of Egypt and Sudan. It flows north into the Mediterranean Sea. The Amazon River The Amazon River is about 3,977 miles long. It is located in the continent of South America and flows through several countries including Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, and Ecuador. It ends at the Atlantic Ocean. The Yangtze River Located in China, the Yangtze River is about 3,975 miles long and flows into the East China Sea. The Mississippi River and the Missouri River The river system of the Mississippi River and the Missouri River is the longest river system in North America at about 3,902 miles. It flows south into the Gulf of Mexico. The Yenisei River The Yenisei River starts in Mongolia and flows through Russia to the Kara Sea in the Arctic Ocean. It’s about 3,442 miles long. There are 76 rivers in the world over 1,000 miles long. A lot of people think that rivers always flow south, but 4 of the 10 longest rivers in the world flow north. The United States alone has around 3.5 million miles of rivers. Four of the top 10 longest rivers flow through China at some point. 1．Which is the second longest river in the world? A．The Nile River. B．The Mississippi River. C．The Yangtze River. D．The Amazon River. 2．The Mississippi River ends at ________. A．the Mediterranean Sea B．the East China Sea C．the Gulf of Mexico D．the Arctic Ocean 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Fun facts about world rivers. B．In which direction most rivers flow. C．Rivers over 1,000 miles long in the world. D．Four longest rivers flowing through China. When we look at the Earth, we see many different things. Sometimes, you may hear people talk about landform and landscape. Are they the same thing? Let’s find out! A landform is a natural feature of the Earth’s surface. Think of big mountains that rise high up, low valleys (山谷) between hills, flat plains that go on and on, and sandy deserts. These are all landforms. They are made by nature over a long, long time. For example, mountains are formed when huge pieces of the Earth’s surface push against (撞) each other. Valleys can be made by rivers cutting through the land little by little. Each landform has a name that tells us what it looks like and how it was formed. Scientists study landforms to learn about the history of the Earth. A landscape, on the other hand, is what you see when you look at an area of land. It includes (包括) landforms, but it also has other things like plants, buildings, and lakes. Imagine standing on top of a hill. You can see green trees waving in the wind, a small village with houses, and a clear lake nearby. All these things together make up the landscape. A landscape can change rapidly. If people build new buildings or cut down a lot of trees, the landscape will look different in just a few months. Let’s take a forest in the mountains as an example. The mountain is the landform — it’s a natural feature of the Earth. But when you see the tall trees, hear the birds singing, and watch a little stream (溪流) running down the mountain, that’s the landscape. So, the key difference is this: landform is about the natural shapes of the Earth, and landscape is about the whole view of an area, including both natural and man-made things. Next time you go on a trip, try to enjoy different landforms and describe (描述) the beautiful landscapes around you! 1．Which of the following is a landform? A．A newly-built bridge. B．A flat plain. C．A group of trees. D．A small house. 2．What can we learn from the text about how mountains are formed? A．They are made by people building up the land. B．They are formed when rivers cut through the land. C．They are formed when the Earth’s plates push into each other. D．They are formed by heavy rain and strong winds. 3．What does the underlined word “rapidly” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Brightly. B．Quickly. C．Powerfully. D．Quietly. 4．What does “landscape” usually include? A．Only landforms. B．Only natural things. C．Just man-made things. D．Landforms, trees, houses and lakes. 5．How does the writer explain the difference between landform and landscape? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions. 16 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 15 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $