专题02 短文首字母填空10篇（上海专用）（第二期）（中考模拟真题速递）-2026年中考英语模拟真题速递（上海专用）

**基本信息** 10篇短文首字母填空分基础与重难两层，通过分层训练提升语言理解与表达能力，培养分析推断思维，助力不同分数段突破。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础语篇练习|5篇（如Sora、贝壳）|词汇基础，语境简单，聚焦必拿分|从基础词汇到简单语篇理解，逐步建立首字母填空基本能力| |重难语篇练习|5篇（如哈克贝利·费恩、物联网）|长难句多，词汇复杂，需推理判断|从复杂语境分析到深层语义理解，提升综合语言运用与思维品质|

专题02 短文首字母填空10篇 （上海专用） 内容导航 内容速递 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 内容速递 本资料共10篇专项训练 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Sora: The Future of Filmmaking A new AI program called Sora, created by the tech company OpenAI, is changing the future of filmmaking. Imagine being able to direct your own movie by s 1 typing words into a computer. Thanks to Sora, this dream is now a reality. Sora can create videos up to a minute long from just a few short sentences. Examples of videos made by Sora include a disco-dancing kangaroo, flying sharks and a fluffy monster playing with a candle. These videos are fun and imaginative, showing the p 2 of AI in storytelling. Sora uses an AI tool to improve the user’s text and create more d 3 to enrich the story before making a video. Then it builds each scene step by step, using computer programs to turn them into pictures that match the description. Although Sora is not the first AI program to make videos from text, it is the b 4 at present, as other tools can only produce very short video clips. Besides making videos from text, Sora can also create videos from a single photo or a 5 new parts to an existing video. The videos produced by Sora are so realistic (逼真的) that in a survey of 1,000 adults, most people couldn’t tell if the video was made by humans or AI. Shocked by Sora’s great ability, some people begin to w 6 that it could be used to spread false information. For example, it may create fake videos that look real, but actually mislead people. For now, Sora is only a 7 to a small group of researchers and filmmakers. The program still needs further testing and improvement before it is fully open to the public. OpenAI is working hard to make sure Sora will be used properly and safely. 【答案】1．simply/imply 2．potential/otential 3．details/etails 4．best/est 5．add/dd 6．worry/orry 7．available/vailable 【导语】本文介绍人工智能程序Sora的强大功能，它可通过文字、图片生成高清长视频，展现了AI影视创作的巨大潜力，同时也提及它带来的虚假信息隐患及目前的使用限制。 1．句意：想象一下，只需简单地在电脑上打字，就能执导属于自己的电影。副词修饰动词typing，结合语境表“简单地、仅仅”，首字母s提示填simply。 2．句意：这些视频有趣且富有想象力，展现了人工智能在故事创作方面的潜力。定冠词the后接名词，结合上下文AI创作优势，此处表示“潜力”，首字母p提示填potential。 3．句意：Sora利用人工智能优化用户文本，并创作更多细节来丰富故事内容。more后接可数名词复数，结合“丰富故事”的语境，此处表示“细节”，首字母d提示填details。 4．句意：它是目前最出色的视频生成工具，因为其他软件只能制作极短的视频片段。定冠词the后接形容词最高级，结合对比语境，首字母b提示填best。 5．句意：Sora还能凭借单张图片生成视频，或是为现有视频添加新内容。can后接并列动词原形，固定搭配add to表示“增添”，首字母a提示填add。 6．句意：惊叹于Sora的强大能力，一些人开始担心它会被用来传播虚假信息。begin to do sth.后接动词原形，结合负面语境，此处表示“担心”，首字母w提示填worry。 7．句意：目前，Sora仅对一小部分研究人员和电影制作人开放使用。be available to sb.是固定短语，意为“对某人可使用、可获得”，首字母a提示填available。 Let’s go shelling I love walking on white sand beaches. As I walk, I search for seashells. Whether you are a small child looking for treasures or a grandparent enjoying a peaceful walk, the beach welcomes a 1 at any age. Besides being interesting, shells provide housing and protection for sea animals. That brings us to the first r 2 of searching for seashells: Never keep a shell that still has a living creature inside. As you hunt for shells, different in sizes, shapes and colors, always take a small bucket or cloth bag to carry your v 3 discoveries in, too. Where should you search? Seashells turn up on beaches all over the globe. Carefully search through the brown seagrass that the waves deposited. You never know what might be h 4 there. Knowing where to look is important, but knowing w 5 to look is half the battle. Search from 1.5 hours before low tide to 1.5 hours after low tide. Surprisingly, the very best time to find seashells is after a typhoon. Storms often blow in a large number of shells. If you would rather not d 6 the shells you find, take pictures. This allows you to still appreciate their beauty and build a great photo collection. After collection, it’s also necessary to clean the shells. Let them sit in clean water until the smell and dirt are gone. This may take up to a week. Don’t use your toothbrush to scrub the remaining dirt until they have dried c 7 . Finally rub a small bit of mineral oil over the shell to make it shine. On your next beach trip, why not spend some time searching for treasures from the sea? Word box [1] creature n.生物    [2] deposit v. 使……沉积    [3] scrub v. 刷    [4] mineral n. 矿物 【答案】1．anyone/nyone 2．rule/ule 3．valuable/aluable 4．hidden/idden 5．when/hen 6．display/isplay 7．completely/ompletely 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在海滩捡贝壳的乐趣、规则、工具、搜索地点和时间、处理方法以及清洁保养建议。 1．句意：无论您是寻找宝物的小孩还是享受宁静散步的祖父母，海滩欢迎任何年龄的人。此处需要一个不定代词，在句中作宾语。上文“Whether you are a small child... or a grandparent...”列举了不同年龄段的人，且下文有“at any age”（任何年龄），提示此处语义与“任何人”相关。结合首字母提示“a”，故填anyone。 2．句意：这引出了我们捡贝壳的第一条规则：永远不要保留里面还有活物的贝壳。此处需要一个名词，在句中作宾语。上文提到“贝壳为海洋动物提供住所和保护”，因此引出“不要拿走活贝壳”这一规定，提示语义与“规定、规则”相关。结合首字母“r”，故填rule。 3．句意：总是带一个小桶或布袋来装你珍贵的发现。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰“discoveries”。根据“search for seashells”（寻找贝壳）的语境，发现的贝壳被视为“珍宝”，提示语义与“有价值的”相关。结合首字母“v”，故填valuable。 4．句意：你永远不知道那里可能藏着什么。此处需要一个形容词或过去分词，在句中作表语。根据“search through the brown seagrass”（仔细搜寻褐色的海草）的语境，贝壳可能被海草遮盖，提示语义与“藏匿”相关。结合首字母“h”，故填hidden。 5．句意：知道去哪里找很重要，但知道什么时候去找是成功的一半。此处需要一个疑问副词，与“to look”构成不定式短语，在句中作宾语。下文“Search from 1.5 hours before low tide...”具体说明了寻找的时间，提示此处询问时间。结合首字母“w”，故填when。 6．句意：如果你宁愿不陈列你找到的贝壳，那就拍照吧。此处需要一个动词原形，在句中作谓语。根据后文“take pictures”（拍照）这一替代方案，提示前文动作是“不陈列贝壳”。结合首字母“d”，故填display。 7．句意：在它们完全干透之前，不要用牙刷擦洗残留的污垢。此处需要一个副词，在句中作状语修饰“dried”。根据清洁步骤“先浸泡直至气味污垢消失，再干燥，最后刷洗”的逻辑，干燥需彻底后才能刷洗。结合首字母“c”，故填completely。 Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients c 1 frequently about the pain, they were told it was just the result of aging and that they would have no choice but to learn to live with it. This outdated perspective left suffering in silence. Times have changed a lot. Today, we take pain much more s 2 . Indeed, pain is now widely considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse, in determining a person’s well-being. We now understand that chronic pain can greatly a 3 every aspect of a person’s life, causing a series of serious problems that can influence people’s quality of life. That’s exactly why an i 4 number of hospitals now depend on physicians who specialize in pain medicine. Not only do they thoroughly investigate and find out the cause of the pain, which enables them to treat the pain more effectively, but they also help p 5 comprehensive therapy for depression and other mental and social problems directly related to chronic pain. Such advanced therapy often involves the work of experienced social psychiatrists as well as specialists in pain medicine. These experts work together to create a personalized treatment plan. This modern respect for pain management has led to a lot of innovative treatments which are not only more effective but with far f 6 side effects than ever before. Decades ago, the situation was different---there were only a limited number of drugs available, and many of them caused huge side effects in older people, i 7 dizziness and tiredness. This created a new problem: Though the medicine helped reduce the pain, it caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself. 【答案】1．complained/omplained 2．seriously/eriously 3．affect/ffect 4．increasing/ncreasing 5．provide/rovide 6．fewer/ewer 7．including/ncluding 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人们对疼痛观念的变化，从过去认为疼痛是衰老的正常部分，到现在重视疼痛管理，并介绍了现代治疗方法及其优势。 1．句意：尤其是年长的患者频繁抱怨疼痛时，他们被告知这只是衰老的结果，他们别无选择只能学会忍受它。结合“about the pain”，固定搭配complain about意为“抱怨”，“were told”表明时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用动词过去式，首字母c对应complained。 2．句意：如今，我们更加认真地对待疼痛。“Times have changed a lot”表明如今我们对待疼痛不再是“别无选择”，而是“认真对待”，固定搭配take…seriously意为“认真对待……”，副词seriously修饰动词take，首字母s对应seriously。 3．句意：我们现在了解到慢性疼痛会极大地影响人们生活的方方面面，引发一系列影响生活质量的严重问题。结合首字母，后文“every aspect of a person’s life, causing a series of serious problems”表明，疼痛影响生活，“影响”的英文为affect，动词，情态动词can后需接动词原形，首字母a对应affect。 4．句意：这正是为什么越来越多的医院现在依赖专门从事疼痛医学的医生。结合前文提到的慢性疼痛对生活的严重影响，固定搭配“an increasing number of”意为“越来越多的”符合语境；形容词increasing修饰名词 number，首字母i对应increasing。 5．句意：他们不仅会彻底调查并找出疼痛的原因，从而能更有效地治疗疼痛，还会帮助提供针对抑郁症及其他与慢性疼痛直接相关的心理和社会问题的综合治疗。结合首字母以及“comprehensive therapy for depression and other mental and social problems directly”，此处表示“提供”综合治疗，help (to) do sth为固定搭配，意为“帮助做某事”，因此空处需用动词原形，首字母p对应provide。 6．句意：这种对疼痛管理的现代重视催生了许多创新疗法，这些疗法不仅更有效，而且副作用比以前少得多。结合“not only more effective but”以及“side effects than ever before”，空处需用比较级，表示疗效更有效并且副作用比之前“少”得多，“side effects”为可数名词复数，首字母f对应fewer。 7．句意：几十年前，情况并非如此——当时可用的药物数量有限，而且许多药物会给老年人带来巨大的副作用，包括头晕和疲劳。“dizziness and tiredness”是对“huge side effects”的具体例证，首字母i对应including，意为“包括”，用来引出例子。 The sun is the world’s most powerful energy source. The huge fiery ball gives off more power than people could ever use. Solar cells (电池) are used to collect the sun’s energy. Then each solar cell c 1 the sunlight into electricity. There are thousands of solar cells on a solar panel (控制板). A few of these solar panels can produce enough electricity for a house. Solar power has many advantages. For one thing, it is clean. It does not produce any air pollution. Fossil fuels like coal or oil are dirty to burn. They give off gases that are h 2 to breathe. Air pollution from fossil fuels may even make our climate too warm. Solar power is cheaper than fossil fuels in some ways. Air pollution from fossil fuels causes serious d 3 . People get sick because of the dirty air. Gases from burning oil also hurt plants, animals and buildings. However, solar power would s 4 billions of dollars in these “hidden” costs for us. There are still some problems with solar power, though. Solar cells work only on sunny days. At night or in c 5 weather, people need another power source. Solar panels also have space problems. They are very large. Many large solar panels are needed to make enough electricity. It would be hard to find some large p 6 for them all. Solar cells are not that efficient yet, either. They do not use all the sunlight that hits them. Only 20 percent of the light can be turned into power. The r 7 of the energy is wasted. People need to invent more efficient cells that can make full use of sunlight. Then the cost of solar energy will fall. 【答案】1．changes/hanges 2．harmful/armful 3．damage/amage 4．save/ave 5．cloudy/loudy 6．places/laces 7．rest/est 【导语】本文介绍太阳能的获取方式、优缺点，对比化石能源并展望太阳能技术改进方向。 1．句意：然后每块太阳能电池把太阳光转化成电能。固定搭配change…into…意为“把……转化成……”，文章为一般现在时，主语“each solar cell”是单数，动词要用第三人称单数形式，首字母c提示填changes。 2．句意：它们释放出呼吸起来有害的气体。前文提到化石燃料燃烧会造成空气污染，对人体呼吸产生不良影响，首字母h结合语境提示填harmful，固定搭配be harmful to意为“对……有害”。 3．句意：化石燃料造成的空气污染会带来严重的危害。下文讲到污浊空气让人生病、废气伤害动植物与建筑，能看出空气污染会造成诸多不良损害，“serious”后接名词，首字母d提示填damage“损害”。 4．句意：然而太阳能会为我们节省数十亿美元这类隐性成本。前文说化石燃料有各类隐性代价，太阳能无需这些开销，能省下这笔费用，“would”后接动词原形，首字母s提示填save“节省”。 5．句意：在夜晚或是阴天的时候，人们需要其他能源。前文说明晴天太阳能电池才能工作，与之对应是阴天，此处修饰名词“weather”，首字母c提示填cloudy“阴天的”，形容词作定语修饰名词。 6．句意：很难为它们全部找到一些大片空地。前文提到太阳能板体积很大、需要数量多，需要大片场地摆放安置，“some”后接可数名词复数，首字母p提示填places“地方”。 7．句意：其余的能量都被浪费掉了。前文提到只有百分之二十的光能被转化成能源，剩余部分被浪费，固定搭配the rest of意为“其余的……”，首字母r提示填rest。 A crowd of young people dressed in long robes (袍服) walk around the royal gardens, their flowing sleeves and skirts gently dancing in the wind. They are not a 1 on a movie set, but people who are keen on hanfu at a themed event in Beijing. Hanfu, a traditional style of clothing that was once w 2 by the Han people, has enjoyed a fresh life. The 1980s-born rocket scientist Liu set up a hanfu community in Beijing called Hua Yan Hui. The community was founded in 2011 following a hanfu movement that expressed the desire to s 3 a growing cultural confidence. Since then, Liu has been volunteering to call on people to support the group. “My love for hanfu came from two of my friends who are fans of traditional Chinese clothing,” Liu says. Her interest grew as she learned more about the culture b 4 it. More young people enjoy wearing hanfu as they believe the best way to p 5 a tradition is to bring it to modern life. Yang Kunning was born in the 1990s and works in public relations. She is fond of sharing her love for hanfu online. She opened an account and posted videos about Hanfu. Social media has made hanfu culture popular in China and abroad. Yang has a c 6 of around 30 hanfu outfits, suitable for different seasons and situations. She says customers now have many c 7 Yang says she looks forward to joining in more in-person hanfu-themed events this year in Beijing. “It will be a rewarding experience,” says Yang. 【答案】1．actors/ctors 2．worn/orn 3．show/how 4．behind/ehind 5．protect/rotect 6．collection/ollection 7．choices/hoices 【导语】本文主要讲述了汉服在年轻人中重新流行的现象，介绍了火箭科学家刘女士创立的汉服社群以及杨女士通过社交媒体推广汉服的经历，展现了传统文化与现代生活的融合。 1．句意：他们并不是电影片场的演员，而是在北京一场主题活动中热衷于汉服的人们。空格处作表语，指人，结合“on a movie set”及首字母a提示，表示“演员”之意，应填actors。 2．句意：汉服，一种曾经被汉人穿着的传统服装，已经焕发了新的生机。从句中缺少谓语动词，主语为a traditional style of clothing，描述过去被穿着，用一般过去时的被动语态。结合首字母w提示，表示“穿着”之意，应填worn，构成was worn by，意为“被……穿着”。 3．句意：该社群于2011年在一场汉服运动之后成立，这场运动表达了渴望展现日益增长的文化自信的愿望。动词不定式to后接动词原形，后接宾语a growing cultural confidence。结合首字母s提示，表示“展示、展现”之意，应填show。 4．句意：随着她对汉服背后的文化了解加深，她的兴趣也越来越浓。空格处位于the culture与it之间，需填介词或连词。结合句意“汉服背后的文化”，首字母b提示应填behind，意为“在……后面”。 5．句意：更多年轻人喜欢穿汉服，因为他们认为保护传统最好的方式就是将其带入现代生活。动词不定式to后接动词原形，后接宾语a tradition。结合首字母p提示，表示“保护”之意，应填protect。 6．句意：杨女士拥有大约30套汉服，适合不同的季节和场合。不定冠词a后需填名词，后接of around 30 hanfu outfits。结合首字母c提示，表示“收藏、收集”之意，应填collection。 7．句意：她说顾客现在有很多选择。形容词many后需填可数名词复数。结合上文她拥有多套汉服，顾客也因此有多种选择，首字母c提示应填choices，意为“选择”。 It was Christmas Day, 2023. At Jialanting (嘉澜庭) in Xuhui, Shanghai, some residents were having a p 1   time. Some were sitting around a table enjoying tea. Others were playing with their dogs or resting on the benches. The lively pocket park covers an a 2 of just 700 square meters. At its southern end is Pocket Coffee. The nonprofit café takes care of the park. It organizes various events like open-air theater performances and works hard to keep everything in good order. It has, for example, posted cute reminders in every corner to encourage people to clean up after themselves and their pets. “When the place looks nice, people are more l 3 to care for it instead of leaving a mess,” says Qi Ling, the manager of Pocket Coffee. Leshan Park, also in Xuhui, was bustling, too, that cold Christmas Day. Huang Si, an elderly woman, dropped by after shopping at a nearby market. She placed her bag on a bench and began using the public fitness equipment. “I live in Leshan New Village, and there’s l 4 public green space in the neighborhood,” she said. “Since Leshan Park was built, I’ve been coming here almost every day to exercise. It’s wonderful!” Another popular pocket park sits in the Xintiandi shopping area in Huangpu. It’s called Dream Chaser Garden (追梦园). At its center stands the Huangpu Citizens’ Gardening Center (黄浦市民园艺中心). The milk-white house is d 5 with shelves filled with colorful flowers. It's sure to catch the eye of every passer-by. But to local residents, it has become a center of activity. The gardening center doesn’t just sell lovely flowers. It p 6 people with basic gardening services and advice. It also uses its earnings to support public welfare (福利救济) projects. A 7 they are small, these parks have become valuable spaces for people to exercise, relax and connect with one another. There are now 341 such parks in Shanghai. Is there one near your home? Would you like to take a walk there this weekend? 【答案】1．pleasant/leasant 2．area/rea 3．likely/ikely 4．little/ittle 5．decorated/ecorated 6．provides/rovides 7．Although/lthough 【导语】本文介绍了上海的几处口袋公园，展现了这些小型公共绿地为市民提供休闲、锻炼与社交空间的重要作用，体现了城市微更新带来的民生温度与幸福感。 1．句意：一些居民正度过一段愉快的时光。后文描述人们喝茶、遛狗、休息的场景，充满惬意感，且首字母为p。固定搭配have a pleasant time 表示 “度过一段愉快的时光”。故填pleasant。 2．句意：这个热闹的口袋公园占地仅700平方米。后文出现“700 square meters”，这是面积单位，且首字母为a。固定搭配cover an area of 表示“占地面积为……”。故填area。 3．句意：当这个地方看起来很漂亮时，人们更有可能爱护它，而不是留下一片狼藉。表达“当环境变好时，人们更愿意爱护它”的逻辑，且首字母为l。固定搭配be likely to do sth. 表示“有可能做某事”，符合语境逻辑。故填likely。 4．句意：我住在乐山新村，社区里几乎没有公共绿地。后文提到她几乎每天都来公园锻炼，说明社区里的绿地很少且首字母为l。little修饰不可数名词public green space，表示“几乎没有”。 5．句意：这座奶白色的房子装饰着摆满五颜六色鲜花的架子。房子和鲜花的逻辑关系是 “被……装饰”，且首字母为d。固定搭配be decorated with 表示“被……装饰着”，符合语境。故填decorated 。 6．句意：它为人们提供基础的园艺服务和建议。园艺中心为人们提供服务，且首字母为p。固定搭配provide sb. with sth. 表示“为某人提供某物”。主语It是第三人称单数，所以用provides。 7．句意：虽然它们很小，但这些公园已经成为人们锻炼、放松和相互交流的宝贵空间。前半句“它们很小”，后半句“却是宝贵的空间”，存在转折让步关系，且首字母为A。用Although“虽然”引导，表示“尽管公园不大，但很有价值”。 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)： A few years ago, I took a break from most social media, only keeping WeChat to talk to my family. Before this decision, I realized I wasn’t interested in most social media posts because they had nothing to do with my life. I saw many pictures of people’s meals, which didn’t m 1 to me. There were also endless updates about what people were watching on TV or their latest shopping trips. These posts didn’t a 2 anything valuable to my day, so I decided it was time to step back. People only share good things online, making it seem like everything is p 3 . This makes us feel like we’re not doing as well as others and feel bad about our own lives. Social media can affect how we feel about o 4 . It can be easy to unfollow someone on social media, e 5 if they were close friends. It’s like ignoring them in person. Because on social media, we are expected to react quickly to our feelings, leaving little time to think carefully. Do you ever think about why social media is free? Because we are the ones being sold to by the advertisers. We often feel pressured to follow trends w 6 consequences. It’s like getting stuck in a trap and struggling to get out. It’s challenging to stay away from social media, but it’s important to find a b 7 and not let it control our lives. 【答案】1．matter/atter 2．add/dd 3．perfect/erfect 4．ourselves/urselves 5．even/ven 6．without/ithout 7．balance/alance 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，作者分析了社交媒体带来的虚假完美感、心理压力以及商业操控，呼吁人们找到平衡，不让社交媒体控制自己的生活。 1．句意：我看到很多人们用餐的照片，这些对我无关紧要。前文提到“they had nothing to do with my life”，此处表示这些吃饭的照片对我来说无关紧要，matter“要紧，有关系”。 2．句意：这些帖子并没有给我的日子增添任何有价值的东西。作者认为这些琐碎的动态对自己没有帮助或提升，无法为日常生活带来积极的补充。add sth. to...意为“把某物添加到……”，故填add。 3．句意：人们只在线分享好的事情，让一切看起来都很完美。根据后文“This makes us feel like we’re not doing as well as others”可知，社交媒体上呈现的是一种不真实的“完美”状态。perfect“完美的”。 4．句意：社交媒体会影响我们对自己的感受。看到他人展示的完美生活，容易让人产生自我怀疑或不满，这种影响指向的是我们如何看待自身。feel about ourselves意为“对我们自己的感受”，故填ourselves。 5．句意：在社交媒体上取关某人可能很容易，即使他们是亲密的朋友。even if“即使”，应填even。 6．句意：我们经常感到有压力去追随潮流，而不考虑后果。后文提到“像被困在陷阱里”，说明盲目跟风时没有思考可能带来的负面影响。without“没有”。 7．句意：远离社交媒体很有挑战性，但找到平衡并且不让它控制我们的生活很重要。前文讲述了社交媒体的负面影响，后文指出不应让其主宰生活，因此需要在中途找到一个合理的度。balance“平衡”。 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。 Imagine a world where your refrigerator can order milk before you run out, and your washing machine schedules its own repair when it detects a fault. This is not science fiction but the promise of the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT refers to the network of physical devices—from home appliances to city traffic lights—that are e 1 with sensors and software to connect and exchange data over the internet. While this technology offers incredible convenience, it also raises a s 2 privacy concern. Every “smart” device collects data about your habits, preferences, and daily routines. For i 3 , your smart TV knows what you watch, and your fitness tracker knows your heart rate. When all this data is combined, a very detailed personal p 4 can be created. A major risk is that this information could be accessed by unauthorized parties. H 5 attacks on IoT devices are becoming increasingly common, as many of these devices lack basic security features. To address this, experts recommend that users take proactive steps. They should r 6 change default passwords and ensure their home network is secure. In the future, the c 7 between convenience and security will be a defining challenge of our increasingly connected world. 【答案】1．equipped/quipped 2．serious/erious 3．instance/nstance 4．profile/rofile 5．Hacker/acker 6．regularly/egularly 7．conflict/onflict 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了物联网（IoT）这一技术概念，阐述了其给生活带来的便利、引发的隐私与安全隐患，以及专家给出的应对建议，探讨了便利与安全之间的平衡问题。 1．句意：物联网指的是物理设备的网络——从家用电器到城市交通灯——这些设备配备了传感器和软件，可以通过互联网连接和交换数据。根据句意，设备是“被装备”了传感器，be equipped with是固定搭配，意为“配备有……”。首字母为e，故填equipped。 2．句意：虽然这项技术提供了难以置信的便利，但它也引发了一个严重的隐私问题。此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“privacy concern”（隐私问题）。根据上下文提到的风险，这是一个“严重的”问题。首字母为s，故填serious。 3．句意：例如，你的智能电视知道你看了什么，你的健身追踪器知道你的心率。for instance是固定短语，意为“例如”，用来举例说明前面的观点。首字母为i，故填instance。 4．句意：当所有这些数据被整合在一起时，就可以创建非常详细的个人资料。根据前文收集的各种个人数据（习惯、偏好、心率等），整合后会形成一个“个人档案/资料”。首字母为p，故填profile。 5．句意：针对物联网设备的黑客攻击正变得越来越普遍，因为许多这些设备缺乏基本的安全功能。根据后文提到的“unauthorized parties”（未经授权的方）和缺乏安全功能，这里指的是“黑客攻击”。Hacker attacks意为“黑客攻击”。首字母为H，句首需大写。 6．句意：他们应该定期更改默认密码并确保家庭网络安全。此处需要一个副词来修饰动词change。为了安全，密码需要“定期地”更改。首字母为r，故填regularly。 7．句意：未来，便利与安全之间的冲突将是我们日益互联的世界面临的一个决定性挑战。文章讨论了便利性和安全性之间的矛盾关系，这是一种“冲突”或“矛盾”。首字母为c，故填conflict。 重难语篇练习 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a famous novel written by Mark Twain. It was first p 1 in 1884 and is seen as one of the most important works in American literature. The novel tells the story of a boy named Huck Finn and his exciting journey along the Mississippi River. Huck is a boy who loves freedom and dislikes the s 2 rules of society. At the beginning of the story, he feels unhappy with the life that others try to arrange for him. One day, he decides to run away and soon meets Jim, a man who has escaped from slavery (奴役). A 3 they come from very different backgrounds, they begin to travel together on a small raft down the river. During their journey, Huck and Jim experience many adventures. They meet different kinds of people, face danger, and sometimes get into t 4 . However, the river also becomes a place where they feel free and safe. As they spend more time together, Huck slowly learns that Jim is not just a slave, but a kind, loyal, and caring friend. The novel is not only about adventure. It also explores important ideas such as freedom, friendship, and doing what is right. Huck often feels confused because society tells him that helping Jim is w 5 . However, his heart tells him that protecting his friend is the right thing to do. In the end, Huck chooses to follow his own thoughts instead of simply obeying the rules. One reason the book is so memorable is Mark Twain’s writing style. He uses humour and lively dialogue to describe life along the Mississippi River. His l 6 is simple and vivid, which makes the characters feel real and easy to understand. Because of its meaningful themes and unforgettable characters, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is still w 7 read today. The novel encourages readers to think about fairness, courage, and the importance of treating others with kindness and respect. 【答案】1．published/ublished 2．strict/trict 3．Although/lthough 4．trouble/rouble 5．wrong/rong 6．language/anguage 7．widely/idely 【导语】本文主要介绍了马克·吐温的著名小说《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》，包括小说的出版时间、主人公哈克和吉姆的经历、小说所探讨的自由、友谊等重要思想以及马克·吐温的写作风格和小说的意义。 1．句意：它于1884年首次出版，被视为美国文学中最重要的作品之一。根据语境可知，这里说的是这部小说在1884年首次“出版”，首字母p对应publish，且小说是被出版，用被动语态，前面有“was”，所以这里用过去分词published。 2．句意：哈克是一个热爱自由、不喜欢社会严格规则的男孩。根据前文“Huck is a boy who loves freedom”，可推测他不喜欢社会“严格的”规则，首字母s对应strict，符合语境。 3．句意：尽管他们来自截然不同的背景，但他们开始乘坐一个小木筏顺流而下一起旅行。“they come from very different backgrounds”和“they begin to travel together on a small raft down the river”之间是让步关系，首字母A对应Although表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合逻辑。 4．句意：他们遇到各种各样的人，面临危险，有时还陷入困境。根据前文“face danger”以及“get into”的常用搭配，可知这里表示有时会陷入“麻烦”，首字母t对应trouble，get into trouble意为“陷入麻烦”，动词短语。 5．句意：哈克常常感到困惑，因为社会告诉他帮助吉姆是错误的。根据前文“Huck often feels confused”以及“because society tells him that helping Jim is...”和后文“However, his heart tells him that protecting his friend is the right thing to do.”，可知社会认为帮助吉姆是“错误的”，首字母w对应wrong，在句中作“is”的表语。 6．句意：他的语言简单而生动，这使得人物形象真实且易于理解。根据前文“He uses humour and lively dialogue to describe life along the Mississippi River.”，可知这里说的是他的“语言”简单生动，首字母l对应language，符合语境。 7．句意：由于其有意义的主题和令人难忘的人物，《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》至今仍然被广泛阅读。根据语境可知，因为这本书有有意义的主题和令人难忘的角色，所以今天仍然被“广泛地”阅读，首字母w对应widely，副词，修饰动词“read”。 Stressed Out? Try This “Slow Down” Tip! We all know how important making a plan is, but the real challenge is sticking to it. Think about the times when you got stressed. Were you organized, or too busy to f 1 your plan? Failing to stick to a plan when you want to get things done faster can lead to stress. This will influence both your work and personal life. Dan 15 I’m a Grade 9 student. Once, I planned to study math for 50 minutes. m 2 English words for 30 minutes, and do exercises for 30 minutes after school. But soon, I gave up my plan. Later, with my teacher’s advice, I tried to slow down. To my surprise, I had better control over my plan. My productivity (生产效率) also improved. The way helps me a lot! Slowing down might seem s 3 in a fast-paced world, but it can be a powerful way to benefit you in the long term. It’s not about doing less, it’s about doing what matters most with purpose and focus. Here are some tips for you. Put the most important things first To slow down is to know your g 4 and find out what’s the most important thing to you. Every day, ask yourself the question, “What are the three ‘big tasks’ I need to get done to make me feel I have made progress at the end of the day.”. Create a structured plan A good daily plan can make things more orderly and e 5 to achieve. Plan your day the day before or do it early in the morning, and set time boxes for work, study and personal activities, so that your plan can be achievable. Add breaks to your daily plan It’s necessary to take breaks r 6 to keep your productivity high. Don’t wait until you feel tired. Instead, rest every hour or two on a fixed schedule. You’ll return to your tasks with energy. Get to know your f 7 Before managing your stress, you need to be aware of your inner world. Try to figure out which activities stress you the most throughout your day. See if you can deal with them in a different way. If you find yourself a little nervous or worried, take a deep breath or focus on the present situation. Then you can gradually calm down. 【答案】1．follow/ollow 2．memorize/emorize 3．strange/trange 4．goal/oal/goals/oals 5．easier/asier 6．regularly/egularly 7．feelings/eelings 【导语】本文主要讲述了制定计划时遇到的问题，介绍了“放慢节奏”的减压方法，并给出了相关实用建议。 1．句意：当你想更快地完成事情时，不遵守计划会导致压力。前文提到“sticking to it（坚持计划）”，此处对应“遵循/执行计划”的语境，首字母f对应follow“遵循、执行”，符合固定搭配follow one’s plan及上下文逻辑，不定式符号to后用动词原形。 2．句意：一次，我计划放学后学习数学50分钟，记忆英语单词30分钟，做练习30分钟。此处描述学习计划的内容，结合“English words（英语单词）”，首字母m对应 memorize“记忆、背诵”，memorize English words是固定搭配，符合学习场景的语境，此处与study并列，用动词原形。 3．句意：在快节奏的世界里，放慢脚步可能看起来很奇怪，但从长远来看，它可能是一种对你有益的有力方式。根据转折词“but”，前后句为转折关系，后文说放慢脚步有益，前文应表示“看起来奇怪/不合常理”，首字母s对应strange“奇怪的”，符合语境逻辑，形容词作表语。 4．句意：放慢脚步就是要知道你的目标，找出对你来说最重要的事情。后文提到“make progress”，结合“the most important thing to you”，首字母g对应goal“目标”（复数 goals也可），know your goals（明确你的目标）符合“分清优先级”的语境。 5．句意：一个好的每日计划可以让事情更有序，也更容易实现。前文提到“make things more orderly”，and连接并列的积极效果，结合后文“achievable”，首字母e对应easier，符合计划带来的正向影响的语境。 6．句意：有规律地休息以保持高效率是必要的。后文提到“rest every hour or two on a fixed schedule（按固定计划每一两小时休息）”，对应“有规律地休息”，首字母r对应regularly“有规律地”，符合语境，副词修饰动词短语take breaks。 7．句意：了解你的感受。根据后文“管理压力之前，你需要了解你的内心世界”，后文提到“aware of your inner world”，“nervous or worried”，这些都是情绪感受，首字母f对应feelings“感受、情绪”，符合“管理压力前关注自身情绪”的语境。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 短文首字母填空10篇 （上海专用） 内容导航 内容速递 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 内容速递 本资料共10篇专项训练 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Sora: The Future of Filmmaking A new AI program called Sora, created by the tech company OpenAI, is changing the future of filmmaking. Imagine being able to direct your own movie by s 1 typing words into a computer. Thanks to Sora, this dream is now a reality. Sora can create videos up to a minute long from just a few short sentences. Examples of videos made by Sora include a disco-dancing kangaroo, flying sharks and a fluffy monster playing with a candle. These videos are fun and imaginative, showing the p 2 of AI in storytelling. Sora uses an AI tool to improve the user’s text and create more d 3 to enrich the story before making a video. Then it builds each scene step by step, using computer programs to turn them into pictures that match the description. Although Sora is not the first AI program to make videos from text, it is the b 4 at present, as other tools can only produce very short video clips. Besides making videos from text, Sora can also create videos from a single photo or a 5 new parts to an existing video. The videos produced by Sora are so realistic (逼真的) that in a survey of 1,000 adults, most people couldn’t tell if the video was made by humans or AI. Shocked by Sora’s great ability, some people begin to w 6 that it could be used to spread false information. For example, it may create fake videos that look real, but actually mislead people. For now, Sora is only a 7 to a small group of researchers and filmmakers. The program still needs further testing and improvement before it is fully open to the public. OpenAI is working hard to make sure Sora will be used properly and safely. Let’s go shelling I love walking on white sand beaches. As I walk, I search for seashells. Whether you are a small child looking for treasures or a grandparent enjoying a peaceful walk, the beach welcomes a 1 at any age. Besides being interesting, shells provide housing and protection for sea animals. That brings us to the first r 2 of searching for seashells: Never keep a shell that still has a living creature inside. As you hunt for shells, different in sizes, shapes and colors, always take a small bucket or cloth bag to carry your v 3 discoveries in, too. Where should you search? Seashells turn up on beaches all over the globe. Carefully search through the brown seagrass that the waves deposited. You never know what might be h 4 there. Knowing where to look is important, but knowing w 5 to look is half the battle. Search from 1.5 hours before low tide to 1.5 hours after low tide. Surprisingly, the very best time to find seashells is after a typhoon. Storms often blow in a large number of shells. If you would rather not d 6 the shells you find, take pictures. This allows you to still appreciate their beauty and build a great photo collection. After collection, it’s also necessary to clean the shells. Let them sit in clean water until the smell and dirt are gone. This may take up to a week. Don’t use your toothbrush to scrub the remaining dirt until they have dried c 7 . Finally rub a small bit of mineral oil over the shell to make it shine. On your next beach trip, why not spend some time searching for treasures from the sea? Word box [1] creature n.生物    [2] deposit v. 使……沉积    [3] scrub v. 刷    [4] mineral n. 矿物 Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients c 1 frequently about the pain, they were told it was just the result of aging and that they would have no choice but to learn to live with it. This outdated perspective left suffering in silence. Times have changed a lot. Today, we take pain much more s 2 . Indeed, pain is now widely considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse, in determining a person’s well-being. We now understand that chronic pain can greatly a 3 every aspect of a person’s life, causing a series of serious problems that can influence people’s quality of life. That’s exactly why an i 4 number of hospitals now depend on physicians who specialize in pain medicine. Not only do they thoroughly investigate and find out the cause of the pain, which enables them to treat the pain more effectively, but they also help p 5 comprehensive therapy for depression and other mental and social problems directly related to chronic pain. Such advanced therapy often involves the work of experienced social psychiatrists as well as specialists in pain medicine. These experts work together to create a personalized treatment plan. This modern respect for pain management has led to a lot of innovative treatments which are not only more effective but with far f 6 side effects than ever before. Decades ago, the situation was different---there were only a limited number of drugs available, and many of them caused huge side effects in older people, i 7 dizziness and tiredness. This created a new problem: Though the medicine helped reduce the pain, it caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself. The sun is the world’s most powerful energy source. The huge fiery ball gives off more power than people could ever use. Solar cells (电池) are used to collect the sun’s energy. Then each solar cell c 1 the sunlight into electricity. There are thousands of solar cells on a solar panel (控制板). A few of these solar panels can produce enough electricity for a house. Solar power has many advantages. For one thing, it is clean. It does not produce any air pollution. Fossil fuels like coal or oil are dirty to burn. They give off gases that are h 2 to breathe. Air pollution from fossil fuels may even make our climate too warm. Solar power is cheaper than fossil fuels in some ways. Air pollution from fossil fuels causes serious d 3 . People get sick because of the dirty air. Gases from burning oil also hurt plants, animals and buildings. However, solar power would s 4 billions of dollars in these “hidden” costs for us. There are still some problems with solar power, though. Solar cells work only on sunny days. At night or in c 5 weather, people need another power source. Solar panels also have space problems. They are very large. Many large solar panels are needed to make enough electricity. It would be hard to find some large p 6 for them all. Solar cells are not that efficient yet, either. They do not use all the sunlight that hits them. Only 20 percent of the light can be turned into power. The r 7 of the energy is wasted. People need to invent more efficient cells that can make full use of sunlight. Then the cost of solar energy will fall. A crowd of young people dressed in long robes (袍服) walk around the royal gardens, their flowing sleeves and skirts gently dancing in the wind. They are not a 1 on a movie set, but people who are keen on hanfu at a themed event in Beijing. Hanfu, a traditional style of clothing that was once w 2 by the Han people, has enjoyed a fresh life. The 1980s-born rocket scientist Liu set up a hanfu community in Beijing called Hua Yan Hui. The community was founded in 2011 following a hanfu movement that expressed the desire to s 3 a growing cultural confidence. Since then, Liu has been volunteering to call on people to support the group. “My love for hanfu came from two of my friends who are fans of traditional Chinese clothing,” Liu says. Her interest grew as she learned more about the culture b 4 it. More young people enjoy wearing hanfu as they believe the best way to p 5 a tradition is to bring it to modern life. Yang Kunning was born in the 1990s and works in public relations. She is fond of sharing her love for hanfu online. She opened an account and posted videos about Hanfu. Social media has made hanfu culture popular in China and abroad. Yang has a c 6 of around 30 hanfu outfits, suitable for different seasons and situations. She says customers now have many c 7 Yang says she looks forward to joining in more in-person hanfu-themed events this year in Beijing. “It will be a rewarding experience,” says Yang. It was Christmas Day, 2023. At Jialanting (嘉澜庭) in Xuhui, Shanghai, some residents were having a p 1   time. Some were sitting around a table enjoying tea. Others were playing with their dogs or resting on the benches. The lively pocket park covers an a 2 of just 700 square meters. At its southern end is Pocket Coffee. The nonprofit café takes care of the park. It organizes various events like open-air theater performances and works hard to keep everything in good order. It has, for example, posted cute reminders in every corner to encourage people to clean up after themselves and their pets. “When the place looks nice, people are more l 3 to care for it instead of leaving a mess,” says Qi Ling, the manager of Pocket Coffee. Leshan Park, also in Xuhui, was bustling, too, that cold Christmas Day. Huang Si, an elderly woman, dropped by after shopping at a nearby market. She placed her bag on a bench and began using the public fitness equipment. “I live in Leshan New Village, and there’s l 4 public green space in the neighborhood,” she said. “Since Leshan Park was built, I’ve been coming here almost every day to exercise. It’s wonderful!” Another popular pocket park sits in the Xintiandi shopping area in Huangpu. It’s called Dream Chaser Garden (追梦园). At its center stands the Huangpu Citizens’ Gardening Center (黄浦市民园艺中心). The milk-white house is d 5 with shelves filled with colorful flowers. It's sure to catch the eye of every passer-by. But to local residents, it has become a center of activity. The gardening center doesn’t just sell lovely flowers. It p 6 people with basic gardening services and advice. It also uses its earnings to support public welfare (福利救济) projects. A 7 they are small, these parks have become valuable spaces for people to exercise, relax and connect with one another. There are now 341 such parks in Shanghai. Is there one near your home? Would you like to take a walk there this weekend? Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)： A few years ago, I took a break from most social media, only keeping WeChat to talk to my family. Before this decision, I realized I wasn’t interested in most social media posts because they had nothing to do with my life. I saw many pictures of people’s meals, which didn’t m 1 to me. There were also endless updates about what people were watching on TV or their latest shopping trips. These posts didn’t a 2 anything valuable to my day, so I decided it was time to step back. People only share good things online, making it seem like everything is p 3 . This makes us feel like we’re not doing as well as others and feel bad about our own lives. Social media can affect how we feel about o 4 . It can be easy to unfollow someone on social media, e 5 if they were close friends. It’s like ignoring them in person. Because on social media, we are expected to react quickly to our feelings, leaving little time to think carefully. Do you ever think about why social media is free? Because we are the ones being sold to by the advertisers. We often feel pressured to follow trends w 6 consequences. It’s like getting stuck in a trap and struggling to get out. It’s challenging to stay away from social media, but it’s important to find a b 7 and not let it control our lives. 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。 Imagine a world where your refrigerator can order milk before you run out, and your washing machine schedules its own repair when it detects a fault. This is not science fiction but the promise of the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT refers to the network of physical devices—from home appliances to city traffic lights—that are e 1 with sensors and software to connect and exchange data over the internet. While this technology offers incredible convenience, it also raises a s 2 privacy concern. Every “smart” device collects data about your habits, preferences, and daily routines. For i 3 , your smart TV knows what you watch, and your fitness tracker knows your heart rate. When all this data is combined, a very detailed personal p 4 can be created. A major risk is that this information could be accessed by unauthorized parties. H 5 attacks on IoT devices are becoming increasingly common, as many of these devices lack basic security features. To address this, experts recommend that users take proactive steps. They should r 6 change default passwords and ensure their home network is secure. In the future, the c 7 between convenience and security will be a defining challenge of our increasingly connected world. 重难语篇练习 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a famous novel written by Mark Twain. It was first p 1 in 1884 and is seen as one of the most important works in American literature. The novel tells the story of a boy named Huck Finn and his exciting journey along the Mississippi River. Huck is a boy who loves freedom and dislikes the s 2 rules of society. At the beginning of the story, he feels unhappy with the life that others try to arrange for him. One day, he decides to run away and soon meets Jim, a man who has escaped from slavery (奴役). A 3 they come from very different backgrounds, they begin to travel together on a small raft down the river. During their journey, Huck and Jim experience many adventures. They meet different kinds of people, face danger, and sometimes get into t 4 . However, the river also becomes a place where they feel free and safe. As they spend more time together, Huck slowly learns that Jim is not just a slave, but a kind, loyal, and caring friend. The novel is not only about adventure. It also explores important ideas such as freedom, friendship, and doing what is right. Huck often feels confused because society tells him that helping Jim is w 5 . However, his heart tells him that protecting his friend is the right thing to do. In the end, Huck chooses to follow his own thoughts instead of simply obeying the rules. One reason the book is so memorable is Mark Twain’s writing style. He uses humour and lively dialogue to describe life along the Mississippi River. His l 6 is simple and vivid, which makes the characters feel real and easy to understand. Because of its meaningful themes and unforgettable characters, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is still w 7 read today. The novel encourages readers to think about fairness, courage, and the importance of treating others with kindness and respect. Stressed Out? Try This “Slow Down” Tip! We all know how important making a plan is, but the real challenge is sticking to it. Think about the times when you got stressed. Were you organized, or too busy to f 1 your plan? Failing to stick to a plan when you want to get things done faster can lead to stress. This will influence both your work and personal life. Dan 15 I’m a Grade 9 student. Once, I planned to study math for 50 minutes. m 2 English words for 30 minutes, and do exercises for 30 minutes after school. But soon, I gave up my plan. Later, with my teacher’s advice, I tried to slow down. To my surprise, I had better control over my plan. My productivity (生产效率) also improved. The way helps me a lot! Slowing down might seem s 3 in a fast-paced world, but it can be a powerful way to benefit you in the long term. It’s not about doing less, it’s about doing what matters most with purpose and focus. Here are some tips for you. Put the most important things first To slow down is to know your g 4 and find out what’s the most important thing to you. Every day, ask yourself the question, “What are the three ‘big tasks’ I need to get done to make me feel I have made progress at the end of the day.”. Create a structured plan A good daily plan can make things more orderly and e 5 to achieve. Plan your day the day before or do it early in the morning, and set time boxes for work, study and personal activities, so that your plan can be achievable. Add breaks to your daily plan It’s necessary to take breaks r 6 to keep your productivity high. Don’t wait until you feel tired. Instead, rest every hour or two on a fixed schedule. You’ll return to your tasks with energy. Get to know your f 7 Before managing your stress, you need to be aware of your inner world. Try to figure out which activities stress you the most throughout your day. See if you can deal with them in a different way. If you find yourself a little nervous or worried, take a deep breath or focus on the present situation. Then you can gradually calm down. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $