Unit 5 Natural disasters 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）写作满分范文15篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版五四制）

**基本信息** 本专项聚焦“自然灾害与防范”话题，通过15篇分层写作范文（基础-进阶-综合）构建从具体场景描述到综合应用的递进训练体系，强化语言表达与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|5篇|表格提示写作（如不同场景地震自救、灾害保护措施对比）|从具体场景要素（地点/行为）到基本写作框架（现象-措施）| |进阶拓展训练|5篇|应用文体（邮件、征文），含原因分析与预防建议|从描述到分析，整合“灾害类型-保护方法-预防措施”逻辑链| |能力综合实践|5篇|经历叙述、短视频旁白、主题征文，需情感表达与观点提炼|从应用到综合，融合时态运用（过去进行时）、逻辑连贯与跨文化防灾意识|

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Natural disasters 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）写作满分范文15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 1．地震是一种自然灾害。学会在不同的地方用不同的方法自救非常重要。请结合下表内容,写一篇80词左右的短文,介绍一些自救常识。 At home In the classroom Outside In a car ·Stay under the table ·Cover your head and neck with your arms ·Stay under the desk ·Move to an open area ·Stay away from... ·Stop by the roadside and stay inside ·Do not stop near the bridge ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 An earthquake is a kind of natural disaster. It may lead to serious results and make lots of people lose their homes or even lives. So it’s important for us to know how to keep safe in an earthquake. If you are at home, it’s safe to hide under strong tables. Cover your head and neck with your arms. If you are in a classroom, stay under the desk. When you are outside, you should quickly run to an open space. Stay away from buildings or trees. When you are driving a car, stop it by the roadside at once, and stay inside. Never stop your car near a bridge. Remember to keep calm and try to protect yourself when an earthquake starts. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：为“一般现在时”； ③提示：材料所给表格内容须完整表达，不得遗漏，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开篇点题，强调地震中自我保护的重要性。 第二步：按表格顺序，用简洁的句子描述不同场景下的自救方法。 第三步：总结全文。 [亮点词汇] ①protect保护 ②cover遮盖 ③open space空旷区域 ④roadside路边 [高分句型] ①If you are at home, it’s safe to hide under strong tables.（if引导的条件状语从句） ②Remember to keep calm and try to protect yourself when an earthquake starts.（祈使句+时间状语从句） 2．假设你校英文网站的学生论坛近期发起了一场关于如何在自然灾害中保护自己的讨论。请你根据下面表格的提示写一篇短文。 Natural disasters We should We shouldn’t A flood … … An earthquake … … A wildfire … … 要求: 1.短文须包含表格内的所有提示内容，可适当发挥；2.词数80左右。     Natural disasters happen from time to time, so it’s of great importance for us to know what to do when they happen. Here are some tips. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Natural disasters happen from time to time, so it’s of great importance for us to know what to do when they happen. Here are some tips. When a flood happens, we’d better get to a higher place. We shouldn’t walk or swim through the floodwater. If an earthquake happens, we should hide and run out of the building when the ground stops shaking. We shouldn’t stand near a tall building. If we are outside when a wildfire begins, we should get away quickly and call 119. We shouldn’t breathe in the smoke, or we will be easily hurt by it. Lastly, we should stay calm. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：本文应使用“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：应注意题干给出的要点并适当补充，使文章内容充实。 [写作步骤] 第一步，借用文章已给开头，引出主题； 第二步，根据题干的要点，分别描述三种灾害下的正确与错误做法； 第三步，用一句话总结，强调这些建议的重要性。 [亮点词汇] ①run out of从……中跑出 ②stay calm保持冷静 [高分句型] ①When a flood happens, we’d better get to a higher place.（时间状语从句） ②If we are outside when a wildfire begins, we should get away quickly and call 119.（条件状语从句） 3．自然灾害时有发生，学会防灾避险很重要。请根据以下提示，以“How to Stay Safe in Natural Disasters”为题，写一篇不少于 70 词的英语短文。 内容包括： - 你知道的常见自然灾害（至少两种）； - 针对每种灾害的安全建议； - 呼吁大家学习防灾知识，保持安全。 要求： 语句通顺，语法正确，书写工整； 包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥； 文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。 How to Stay Safe in Natural Disasters ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 How to Stay Safe in Natural Disasters Natural disasters like thunderstorms and earthquakes can be dangerous, but we can stay safe if we know the right rules. When a thunderstorm comes, never stand under tall trees or use electrical devices inside. If you are outside, find a closed building quickly. For earthquakes, we should hide under a strong desk or table right away and stay away from windows. After the shaking stops, leave the building slowly without taking the elevator. It’s important for everyone to learn about these safety tips. Let’s take action to protect ourselves and stay safe in any natural disaster. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：话题作文； ②时态：一般现在时； ③提示：介绍两种自然灾害及对应安全建议，最后呼吁学习防灾知识。 [写作步骤] 第一步：用1-2句引出主题，列举两种常见自然灾害； 第二步：分别针对雷雨和地震，用简洁句式提出具体安全建议； 第三步：用呼吁性句子结尾，强调学习防灾知识的重要性。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍自然灾害的种类； 第二步，具体阐述针对每种灾害的安全建议； 第三步，最后呼吁大家学习防灾知识，保持安全。 [亮点词汇] ① stay safe保持安全 ② electrical devices电器设备 ③ take action采取行动 [高分句型] ① Natural disasters like thunderstorms and earthquakes can be dangerous, but we can stay safe if we know the right rules.（if引导的条件状语从句） ② It’s important for everyone to learn about these safety tips.（It作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语） 4．请结合下图内容及提示，以“The Importance of Fire Safety”为题，根据写作要求，写一篇不少于80词的短文。2. What should we do in a fire? 参考词汇：fire extinguisher 灭火器；electrical problems 电气问题；escape from...逃离 写作要求：1.短文须包含图中所有信息，并适当拓展； 2.重点谈谈如何预防火灾的发生； 3.文中不能出现真实的人名和校名。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】高分范文 The Importance of Fire Safety Fire safety is important for everyone to understand. There are several things that can cause fires. These include human activities, such as electrical problems, cooking accidents, and natural causes. As a result, it’s important to know how to respond to and prevent a fire. In case of a small fire, we should stay calm and call 119. Try to put out the fire with a fire extinguisher or water if possible. Escape from the fire area immediately and call 119 if the fire is too large to control. To prevent fires, first, we should be careful when using electronics and make sure they’re in good condition. Second, when cooking, we can’t leave the kitchen. What’s more, we should get basic fire safety knowledge and practice escape plans regularly in school or at home. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已经给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点；注意适当发挥，突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍什么可能会导致火灾； 第二步，介绍火灾发生时应该怎么做； 第三步，介绍我们该如何预防火灾的发生。 [亮点词汇] ①such as 例如 ②as a result 结果 ③put out 扑灭 ④too ... to 太……而不能…… [高分句型] ①There are several things that can cause fires. （that引导的定语从句） ②Escape from the fire area immediately and call 119 if the fire is too large to control.（if引导的条件状语从句） 5．假定你是学生李华，你所在的城市于昨天晚上发生了地震。请你以“A Big Earthquake”为题给英语周报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括： 受灾情况：1.损失严重，房屋被毁；2.死伤4, 000多人，8, 000人无家可归，许多人失踪；3.水、电等设施被毁坏。 急缺物资：淡水、食物、药品 赈灾措施：1.军人帮助挖掘，寻找幸存者；2.号召志愿者支援灾区，积极捐钱和献血。 注意： 1.词数80~100，短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Big Earthquake Last night a big earthquake hit my city. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version: A Big Earthquake Last night a big earthquake hit my city. The earthquake caused much damage to my city and many tall buildings were badly destroyed. At least 4, 000 people were killed or injured in the disaster and 8, 000 lost their homes. Even many more people were still missing. The electricity and water supply in my city were also destroyed. The people now are in great need of fresh water, food and medicine. Luckily, the soldiers have been sent to my city to help to dig for the survivors. I call on more volunteers to come to the disaster area to give a hand. I hope that more and more people can donate your money and blood for the disaster people. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是材料作文； ②时态：主要时态为“一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示内容中“提示信息”的要求均要一一阐述，适当发挥。 [写作步骤] 第一步：表明写作意图。借用“昨晚，一场大地震袭击了我的城市。”来引出重点介绍的内容。 第二步：具体阐述写作内容。依照提示信息的要点——受灾情况、急缺物资和赈灾措施等均要一一阐述。 第三步：书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①at least至少 ②caused much damage造成了很多损害 [高分句型] ①I hope that more and more people can donate your money and blood for the disaster people. (宾语从句） 进阶拓展训练5篇 6．假设你是李辉，刚刚在英文杂志上读到一篇关于自然灾害的文章，你非常想要跟你的英国朋友David分享。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： （1）你最害怕的一种自然灾害； （2）简单介绍并说明原因； （3）期待回复。 注意： （1）词数80—100。开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）短文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear David, Long time no see. David! Recently I have read an article about natural disasters. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hui 【答案】范文： Dear David, Long time no see! Recently I have read an article about natural disasters. And I want to share my thoughts with you.     The disaster I fear most is earthquakes. They happen suddenly without warning, and buildings may collapse within seconds. Last year, I watched a documentary about the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, and it shocked me deeply. People lost their homes, families, and even lives in just a few minutes. Unlike floods or storms, earthquakes give almost no time to escape, which makes them especially terrifying.    What about you? Which natural disaster scares you the most? Looking forward to your reply!   Yours, Li Hui 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一封电子邮件； ② 时态：主要使用“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”； ③ 提示：根据题目要求完成写作，包含三个要点（最害怕的自然灾害、介绍及原因、期待回复），可适当发挥。 [写作步骤] 第一步：问候并引出话题； 第二步：描述最害怕的自然灾害及其原因； 第三步：询问对方观点并表达期待回复。 [亮点词汇] ① natural disasters 自然灾害 ② escape 逃离 ③ terrifying 令人害怕的 ④ looking forward to 期待 [高分句型] Unlike floods or storms, earthquakes give almost no time to escape, which makes them especially terrifying.（which引导的非限制性定语从句） 7．近年来，我们身边发生了各种灾害。假如你是一名中学生，正参加英语写作大赛，请你根据以下内容写一篇英语短文，介绍在不同的灾害中保护自己的方法，同时提出预防措施。 Types of disasters Ways to protect ourselves Actions to prevent future disasters floods; earthquakes; fires… get to high ground; use a wet towel: hide under… plant more trees; protect wild animals… 注意事项： 1.要点齐全，语句通顺，意思连贯，符合题意。 2.词数不少于 80 词。 3.文中不得使用真实的个人姓名或学校名称。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 How to Protect Ourselves from Disasters     In recent years, different kinds of disasters have hit our world. As middle school students, we must master right ways to protect ourselves when disasters come.    When floods come, we should get to high ground at once. During earthquakes, hide under a strong desk to keep safe. If a fire breaks out, use a wet towel to cover your mouth and nose and leave quickly.    To prevent future disasters, we should plant more trees, protect wild animals and live a green life. Let’s take action to build a safer world for everyone. 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：介绍不同灾害（洪水、地震、火灾）中的自我保护方法，以及预防灾害的措施 确定人称：第一人称复数（we） 注意事项：不得出现真实信息   [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引出灾害频发的背景，点明中学生需掌握自救方法 主体段：分述不同灾害中的自我保护措施 结尾段：说明预防未来灾害的行动，总结呼吁   [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：灾害中的自我保护方法 洪水：“When floods come, we should get to high ground at once” 地震：“During earthquakes, hide under a strong desk to keep safe” 火灾：“If a fire breaks out, use a wet towel to cover your mouth and nose and leave quickly”   要点二：预防灾害的措施 预防行动：“To prevent future disasters, we should plant more trees, protect wild animals and live a green life”   要点三：总结呼吁 呼吁：“Let's take action to build a safer world for everyone” 8．请你根据以下提示，写一篇关于在自然灾害中自救经历的短文。 要求： 1. 短文应包含标题。 2. 开头介绍自然灾害发生的时间、地点和情况。 3. 中间部分按时间顺序描述自己在灾害中的经历和做法（如：看到征兆、采取行动、等待救援等）。 4. 结尾总结经历和感受。 5. 正确运用所学词汇和句型。 参考词汇： - rainstorm / typhoon / flood / snowstorm - dark clouds / thunder / wind - stay away from - remember learning about - decide to do - pour down - finally / luckily - with fear _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文                                                                                   My Self-rescue Experience in a Rainstorm Last summer, a sudden rainstorm hit my hometown. When I was walking home from school, dark clouds gathered quickly, and the wind blew strongly. Thunder came soon, and I knew a heavy rain was coming. I remembered the safety knowledge I learned at school. I decided to stay away from tall trees and power lines, and took shelter in a nearby shop. Soon, the rain poured down heavily. I stayed calm, waited inside, and felt a little scared with fear. Luckily, the rainstorm stopped after an hour. I went home safely. This experience taught me that it’s important to learn safety knowledge. It also made me braver to face natural disasters. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体： 记叙文，以一般过去时为主，讲述自然灾害中的自救经历。 明确要点： 1. 短文需包含标题。 2. 开头：介绍灾害发生的时间、地点、情况。 3.中间：按时间顺序描述经历与做法（征兆、行动、等待救援等）。 4. 结尾：总结经历与感受。 确定人称： 第一人称（I/my）。 注意事项： 正确运用参考词汇和所学句型，内容完整、逻辑清晰、语句通顺。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段： 点明标题，介绍灾害发生的时间、地点、天气征兆与突发情况。 主体段：按时间顺序，详细描述自己看到的征兆、采取的自救行动、等待救援的过程。 结尾段：总结这次经历，分享感悟与收获，升华主题。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一： 开头（时间、地点、情况） 核心表达：Last summer, a sudden rainstorm hit my hometown. Dark clouds gathered quickly, and the wind blew strongly. 要点二： 中间（经历与做法） 征兆：I noticed the dark clouds and thunder, and remembered the safety knowledge I learned at school. 行动：I decided to stay away from windows and tall buildings, and took shelter in a safe room at home. 过程：The rain poured down heavily. I stayed calm, kept away from power lines, and waited for help with fear. 要点三： 结尾（总结与感受） 核心表达：Finally, the rainstorm stopped, and I was safe. This experience taught me the importance of safety knowledge. It made me braver to face dangers. 9．假如你是李华，学校英语社团正在以“A common natural disaster”为主题开展征文活动，请你根据以下提示写一篇短文投稿。 提示： 1.介绍一种常见的自然灾害(如台风、洪水、野火等)； 2.说明它的成因和危害； 3.给出遇到该灾害时的应对方法。 要求： 4.词数 80~100; 5.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 6.语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： A common natural disaster Typhoons are strong storms with powerful winds, which usually occur in the Western North Pacific. They form when warm ocean water meets certain wind patterns. Typhoons can bring heavy rain to cool down hot summers, but they are very dangerous. Strong winds can make trees fall, damage buildings and cause floods. When a typhoon comes, we should stay indoors, shut all windows and doors, and stay away from windows. We should also secure anything that could be blown away. Let’s learn more about typhoon safety and be prepared. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：主要包含三个方面——介绍一种常见的自然灾害、说明其成因和危害、给出应对方法 确定人称：第三人称（they），第一人称复数（we） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称；语句通顺，意思连贯；要点齐全 [第二步：构思布局] 四段式结构： 第一段：引出灾害类型，简要定义 第二段：说明灾害的成因、危害 第三段：给出应对方法并呼吁学习安全知识 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：灾害介绍 灾害类型：Typhoons/Floods/Wildfires/Earthquakes/Tsunamis 定义描述：strong storms with powerful winds/a large amount of water covering dry land/uncontrolled fires in forests 发生区域：in the Western North Pacific/in coastal areas/in dry forests 要点二：灾害成因 台风：warm ocean water meets certain wind patterns/hot air rises and cold air rushes in 洪水：heavy rain for a long time/rivers overflow/melting snow 野火：dry weather/lightning/human carelessness 要点三：灾害危害 台风危害：make trees fall/damage buildings/cause floods/bring heavy rain 洪水危害：destroy homes/wash away roads/cause people to lose belongings 野火危害：burn forests/harm animals/destroy houses/pollute the air 要点四：应对方法 台风应对：stay indoors/shut all windows and doors/stay away from windows/secure things that could blow away 洪水应对：move to higher ground/stay away from floodwater/listen to weather news 野火应对：leave the area quickly/cover nose and mouth/follow evacuation orders 要点五：总结呼吁 学习安全知识：learn more about...safety/be prepared 表达希望：stay safe/protect ourselves and our families 10．每到夏天，总有些地方洪水肆虐。如何在洪水中保护自己呢?你们班在英语课上就这一问题进行了讨论。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，表达自己的观点。 How to Protect Ourselves in Floods Before the disaster During the disaster ●often watch the news about the flood ●prepare water, food and medicine ●move to higher places at once ●don’t try to swim … 要求： 1.包含所有给出的提示要点，可适当发挥; 2.80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, everyone!  Floods happen nearly every summer. Today I’d like to talk about how to protect ourselves in the flood. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Good morning, everyone! Floods happen nearly every summer. Today I’d like to talk about how to protect ourselves in the flood. Firstly, we should often watch the news about the flood. We need to prepare water, food and medicine before the disaster comes. Secondly, when there is flood, we must move to higher places and stay there to wait for rescue. Remember not to try to swim through the floodwater. Thirdly, if the flood washes us away, we should keep calm. We can catch something made of wood because it can help us get out of the water. If we need help, we can also call the police. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，用一般现在时为主，部分建议可使用祈使句 明确要点：灾前准备、灾中应对措施、特殊情况处理 确定人称：第一人称复数（we）和第二人称（you，隐含在建议中） 注意事项：包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥，词数80词左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引入话题，点明讨论内容 主体段：分点阐述灾前准备和灾中应对措施 结尾段：特殊情况处理及总结 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：灾前准备 观看洪水新闻：watch the news about the flood 准备必需品：prepare water, food and medicine 要点二：灾中应对 转移到高处：move to higher places 等待救援：stay there to wait for rescue 禁止游泳：Remember not to try to swim through the floodwater 能力综合实践5篇 11．请根据以下提示以“A rainstorm”为题，写一篇有关暴雨的短文。 提示：去年6月25日，一场暴雨袭击了我的家乡。当时我正在学校上课，因为雨大，王老师让我们早点回家。在回家的路上，我看见许多人在车站等车。一阵大风吹跑了我的雨伞……大雨下了整整一夜，第二天…… 要求： 1.根据提示内容进行合理想象； 2.短文不少于70词。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 A rainstorm A strong rainstorm hit my hometown. It happened on June 25th last year when we were having classes at school. Because it rained heavily, Mr.Wang asked us to go home early. On my way home, I saw many people waiting for the bus at the station. A strong wind blew away my umbrella. I nearly fell down. When I got home, I was all wet. It rained for the whole night. On the second day, the rainwater was everywhere. The flood washed away many trees and stones. The traffic was very bad because of the rainstorm. We were all late for school. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，用一般过去时 明确要点：暴雨时间、回家路上的见闻、第二天的景象 确定人称：第一人称（I） 注意事项：需根据提示内容进行合理想象，词数不少于70 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：介绍暴雨的时间和场景 第二段：介绍回家路上的见闻 第三段：介绍第二天的景象 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：暴雨时间和场景 发生的时间：on June 25th last year 正在做的事情：were having classes at school 老师安排：asked us to go home early 要点二：回家路上的见闻 人们的状态：waiting for the bus at the station 我的状态：blew away my umbrella/nearly fell down/got completely wet等 要点三：第二天的景象 景象描述：the rainwater was everywhere/washed away many trees and stones/the traffic was very bad/the streets were full of fallen trees and deep water/had to walk carefully to work or school等 12．请你以“When a typhoon comes”为题，根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，60个词左右。 Suggestions: 1. What will happen when a typhoon comes? 2. What are the dos and don’ts when a typhoon comes? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 When a typhoon comes When a typhoon comes, strong winds blow violently, accompanied by heavy rain. Trees may be blown down, and roads can be flooded. It’s crucial to stay indoors and keep windows closed. Don’t go outside or stand near fragile structures. Secure outdoor items to prevent them from being blown away. Following these rules can help us stay safe during the typhoon. 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文 时态：一般现在时 人称：第一人称复数和第三人称 写作要点：说明台风来临时会发生什么，以及应该做什么和不应该做什么 注意事项：词数60左右；内容要包括提示中的两个要点；题目已给出不计入词数 [第二步：构思布局] 两段式结构： 开头段：描述台风来临时的情况 主体段：提出应做和不应做的安全建议 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：台风来临时的情况 strong winds blow hard强风猛烈 heavy rain falls下大雨 trees may fall down树可能倒下 roads may be flooded道路可能被淹 要点二：注意事项 stay indoors待在室内 close the windows and doors关好门窗 prepare food and water准备食物和水 not go outside不要外出 keep safe保持安全 13．为了增强全民防灾减灾意识，推广避灾自救技能，无锡防灾减灾中心将举行“防灾减灾，守护安全”短视频创作比赛。假如你是阳光中学的李华，你打算参加本次活动。请根据以下流程图为你的短视频写一篇英文旁白。 注意：词数80~100，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Hello, everyone! __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua, a Grade 8 student in Sunshine Middle School. Today I want to share how to keep yourself safe during an earthquake. When an earthquake happens, there will be loud noise. Buildings will fall down because of the shaking of the earth and people will be in danger. Now I’d like to give you some tips in case there’s an earthquake. Hide under a table if you’re at home. If possible, you can also go to an open space. Remember to stay away from buildings, or you’ll get hurt. That’s all for my video. Thanks for watching. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：主要为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”； ③提示：文章要点已经给出，按照话题展开阐述，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍自己； 第二步，描述地震灾害； 第三步，给出地震时的安全建议。 [亮点词汇] ①fall down倒塌 ②stay away from远离 [高分句型] ①When an earthquake happens, there will be loud noise. (when引导的时间状语从句) ②Hide under a table if you’re at home. (if引导的条件状语从句) 14．题目：A Natural Disaster I Experienced/Know About 要求： 1. 描述你经历过或了解的一次自然灾害 (如 typhoon, earthquake, flood 等)； 2. 说明当时你或他人正在做什么 (使用过去进行时)； 3. 描述灾害造成的影响以及人们如何应对； 4. 谈谈你从这次经历中学到了什么； 5. 语句通顺，语法正确，逻辑清晰； 6. 词数不少于80词。 A Natural Disaster I Experienced/Know About ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 A Natural Disaster I Experienced Last summer, I experienced a strong typhoon. At 8 p.m. that day, I was doing my homework while my parents were watching TV. Suddenly, strong winds blew hard, and the rain poured down. The typhoon caused many trees to fall and blocked some roads. People stayed at home to keep safe. My family checked the windows and prepared food and water. From this experience, I learned that we should take natural disasters seriously and learn self-protection skills. It also taught me to stay calm and help each other in danger. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态以一般过去时和过去进行时为主； ③提示：完整覆盖“描述灾害、说明当时正在做的事、灾害影响与应对、学到的道理”四个要点，逻辑清晰。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开篇点明经历的自然灾害及时间，用过去进行时描述当时的活动； 第二步：描述灾害造成的影响及人们的应对措施； 第三步：总结从这次经历中学到的道理，升华主题。 [亮点词汇] ①pour down倾盆而下 ②block roads堵塞道路 ③self-protection skills自我保护技能 [高分句型] ① At 8 p.m. that day, I was doing my homework while my parents were watching TV. (while引导时间状语从句) 15．某英文报举办“自然灾害与人类”主题征文活动。请你根据下面的提示，以“Natural disasters and us”为题，写一篇不少于60词的短文。 过去 1.对自然灾害了解甚少 2.灾害造成大量人员伤亡和财产损失 3.灾后恢复重建很困难 现在 1.监测：建立先进的预警系统 2.预防：学校开展防灾演练，教学生如何保护自己 3.救援：救援队伍能更快到达灾区 将来 请你展望未来的灾害应对 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Natural disasters and us In the past, people knew little about natural disasters. This often led to a great loss of life and property. Recovery was slow and difficult. Now, we have advanced warning systems to monitor disasters. Schools hold safety drills to teach students how to protect themselves. Rescue teams can reach affected areas much faster. In the future, I believe technology will help us even more. We might use AI to predict disasters more accurately and drones to deliver supplies quickly. With better preparation, we can reduce damage and save more lives. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性说明文，用一般过去时、一般现在时和一般将来时结合 明确要点：过去（认知少、损失大、恢复难）、现在（监测、预防、救援）、未来（展望应对措施） 确定人称：第一人称/第三人称均可，以客观说明为主 注意事项：不少于60词，时态区分清晰 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：描述过去人们应对自然灾害的状况 主体段：介绍现在应对灾害的进步措施 结尾段：展望未来的灾害应对方式，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一： 过去的情况认知情况：knew little about natural disasters 造成影响：led to a great loss of life and property 恢复难度：Recovery was slow and difficult 要点二： 现在的措施监测手段：have advanced warning systems to monitor disasters 预防行动：Schools hold safety drills to teach students how to protect themselves 救援效率：Rescue teams can reach affected areas much faster 要点三： 未来的展望技术应用：use AI to predict disasters more accurately; use drones to deliver supplies quickly 最终目标：reduce damage and save more lives 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $学校： 姓名： 班级： 考号： Unit 5 Natural disasters 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）写作满分范文15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练<能力综合实践，老师根据学 生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 考点剖析 ©基础入门训练5篇 1.地震是一种自然灾害。学会在不同的地方用不同的方法自救非常重要。请结合下 表内容，写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍一些自救常识。 At home In the classroom Outside In a car Stop by the roadside Stay under the table Move to an open and stay inside Cover your head and Stay under the desk area Do not stop near the neck with your arms Stay away from... bridge 2.假设你校英文网站的学生论坛近期发起了一场关于如何在自然灾害中保护自己的 讨论。请你根据下面表格的提示写一篇短文。 Natural disasters We should We shouldn't A flood 试卷第1页，共3页 An earthquake A wildfire 要求：1短文须包含表格内的所有提示内容，可适当发挥；2.词数80左右。 Natural disasters happen from time to time,so it's of great importance for us to know what to do when they happen.Here are some tips. 3.自然灾害时有发生，学会防灾避险很重要。请根据以下提示，以“How to Stay Safe in Natural Disasters”为题，写一篇不少于70词的英语短文。 内容包括： 你知道的常见自然灾害（至少两种）； ~针对每种灾害的安全建议； ·呼吁大家学习防灾知识，保持安全。 要求： 语句通顺，语法正确，书写工整； 包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥； 文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。 How to Stay Safe in Natural Disasters 试卷第1页，共3页 4.请结合下图内容及提示，以The Importance of Fire Safety”为题，根据写作要求，写一篇 不少于80词的短文。2.What should we do in a fire? 1.What may 3.How can we prevent cau8 e a fire？P Ra fire from happening? 参考词汇：fire extinguisher灭火器；electrical problems电气问题；escape from逃离 写作要求：1.短文须包含图中所有信息，并适当拓展； 2.重点谈谈如何预防火灾的发生； 3.文中不能出现真实的人名和校名。 5.假定你是学生李华，你所在的城市于昨天晚上发生了地震。请你以“A Big Earthquake'” 为题给英语周报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括： 受灾情况：1.损失严重，房屋被毁；2.死伤4,000多人，8,000人无家可归，许多人失踪： 3.水、电等设施被毁坏。 急缺物资：淡水、食物、药品 赈灾措施：1.军人帮助挖掘，寻找幸存者；2.号召志愿者支援灾区，积极捐钱和献血。 注意： 试卷第1页，共3页 1.词数80-100，短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Big Earthquake Last night big earthquake hit my city. 进阶拓展训练5篇 6.假设你是李辉，刚刚在英文杂志上读到一篇关于自然灾害的文章，你非常想要跟 你的英国朋友David分享。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： (1)你最害怕的一种自然灾害； (2)简单介绍并说明原因； (3)期待回复。 注意： (1)词数80一100。开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： (3)短文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear David Long time no see.David!Recently I have read an article about natural disasters. 试卷第1页，共3页 Yours, Li Hui 7.近年来，我们身边发生了各种灾害。假如你是一名中学生，正参加英语写作大赛， 请你根据以下内容写一篇英语短文，介绍在不同的灾害中保护自己的方法，同时提出预防措 施。 Types of disasters Ways to protect ourselves Actions to prevent future disasters floods; get to high ground: plant more trees; earthquakes; use a wet towel: protect wild animals... fires hide under... 注意事项： 1要点齐全，语句通顺，意思连贯，符合题意。 2.词数不少于80词。 3.文中不得使用真实的个人姓名或学校名称。 8.请你根据以下提示，写一篇关于在自然灾害中自救经历的短文。 试卷第1页，共3页 要求： 1.短文应包含标题。 2.开头介绍自然灾害发生的时间、地点和情况。 3.中间部分按时间顺序描述自己在灾害中的经历和做法（如：看到征兆、采取行动、等待 救援等)。 4.结尾总结经历和感受。 5.正确运用所学词汇和句型。 参考词汇： -rainstorm /typhoon/flood/snowstorm dark clouds/thunder/wind stay away from -remember learning about decide to do -pour down finally luckily with fear 9.假如你是李华，学校英语社团正在以“A common natural disaster'”为主题开展征文活 动，请你根据以下提示写一篇短文投稿。 提示： 1.介绍一种常见的自然灾害（如台风、洪水、野火等）； 2.说明它的成因和危害； 试卷第1页，共3页 3给出遇到该灾害时的应对方法。 要求： 4.词数80-100： 5.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 6语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范。 10.每到夏天，总有些地方洪水肆虐。如何在洪水中保护自己呢？你们班在英语课上 就这一问题进行了讨论。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，表达自己的观点。 How to Protect Ourselves in Floods Before the disaster During the disaster ●often watch the news Omove to higher places at about the flood once ●prepare water,.food ●don't try to swim and medicine 要求： 1.包含所有给出的提示要点，可适当发挥 2.80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning,everyone!Floods happen nearly every summer.Today I'd like to talk about how to protect ourselves in the flood. 试卷第1页，共3页 围 能力综合实践5篇 1l.请根据以下提示以“A rainstorm”为题，写一篇有关暴雨的短文。 提示：去年6月25日，一场暴雨袭击了我的家乡。当时我正在学校上课，因为雨大，王老 师让我们早点回家。在回家的路上，我看见许多人在车站等车。一阵大风吹跑了我的雨伞. 大雨下了整整一夜，第二天. 要求： 1.根据提示内容进行合理想象； 2.短文不少于70词。 l2.请你以“When a typhoon comes'”为题，根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，60个词左右。 Suggestions: 1.What will happen when a typhoon comes? 2.What are the dos and don'ts when a typhoon comes? 试卷第1页，共3页 13.为了增强全民防灾减灾意识，推广避灾自救技能，无锡防灾减灾中心将举行“防 灾减灾，守护安全”短视频创作比赛。假如你是阳光中学的李华，你打算参加本次活动。请 根据以下流程图为你的短视频写一篇英文旁白。 Introduce yourself Describe a disaster(an Give some tips (name,grade,school) earthquake/a storm/ (at least two tips) 注意：词数80-100，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Hello, everyone! 14.题目：A Natural Disaster I Experienced/Know About 要求： 1.描述你经历过或了解的一次自然灾害（如typhoon,earthquake,.flood等）； 2.说明当时你或他人正在做什么（使用过去进行时）； 3.描述灾害造成的影响以及人们如何应对： 4.谈谈你从这次经历中学到了什么： 5.语句通顺，语法正确，逻辑清晰； 6.词数不少于80词。 A Natural Disaster I Experienced/Know About 试卷第1页，共3页 l5.某英文报举办“自然灾害与人类”主题征文活动。请你根据下面的提示，以Natural disasters and us'”为题，写一篇不少于60词的短文。 1对自然灾害了解甚少 过去 2.灾害造成大量人员伤亡和财产损失 3.灾后恢复重建很困难 1监测：建立先进的预警系统 现在 2预防：学校开展防灾演练，教学生如何保护自己 3.救援：救援队伍能更快到达灾区 将来 请你展望未来的灾害应对 试卷第1页，共3页