Unit 5 Good manners 短文首字母填空10篇（单元话题：良好礼仪）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（新教材译林版）

**基本信息** 聚焦“良好礼仪”主题，通过基础与重难分层训练，系统提升首字母填空能力，融合日常与跨文化礼仪知识，强化语言运用与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础语篇练习|约5篇|基础词汇与简单语境，考查日常礼貌用语、基本行为规范|从个人日常礼仪（如问候、帮助他人）到家庭礼仪，构建基础礼仪知识链| |重难语篇练习|约5篇|复杂文化语境与高阶词汇，涉及中西方礼仪差异、跨国时间观念等|从单一文化礼仪拓展至跨文化对比（如中美国俗、墨西哥“ahorita”时间文化），深化文化理解与思维品质|

Unit 5 Good manners 短文首字母填空10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 良好礼仪 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Good manners are a key to happiness. When you are polite to o 1 , they will be polite to you too. In your daily life, you can show good manners in many s 2 . For example, when you come into a room, it’s polite to k 3 at the door first. When you see an old man carrying a heavy bag, you can o 4 to help him. When you make a mistake, you should say “s 5 ” at once. Some people think good manners are only for big things, but that’s not t 6 . Good manners are in the small things you do every day. Even a smile or a polite greeting can make someone’s day b 7 . Learning good manners is not d 8 . You just need to think about others before you act. Don’t do anything that will hurt o 9 make others feel uncomfortable. Remember: good manners and kindness are a 10 in fashion. 【答案】 1．others/thers 2．situations/ituations 3．knock/nock 4．offer/ffer 5．sorry/orry 6．true/rue 7．brighter/righter 8．difficult/ifficult 9．or/r 10．always/lways 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了礼貌在日常生活中的重要性，以及如何在各种场合表现出良好的行为举止。 1．句意：当你对别人有礼貌时，他们也会对你有礼貌。上文提到“对……有礼貌”，下文说“他们也会对你有礼貌”，结合首字母o，此处需要表示“别人，其他人”的词，others符合语境。 2．句意：在日常生活中，你可以在许多场合表现出良好的举止。上文提到“在日常生活中”，下文举例说明具体场合，结合首字母s，此处需要表示“场合，情况”的词，many后接复数，situations符合语境。 3．句意：例如，当你进入一个房间时，先敲门是有礼貌的。上文提到“当你进入一个房间时”，下文说“先……是有礼貌的”，结合首字母k，此处需要表示“敲门”的动作，knock符合语境。 4．句意：当你看到一位老人扛着沉重的袋子时，你可以主动提出帮助他。上文提到“看到一位老人扛着沉重的袋子”，下文说“你可以……帮助他”，结合首字母o，此处需要表示“主动提出”的动词，offer符合语境。 5．句意：当你犯错误时，你应该立刻说“对不起”。上文提到“当你犯错误时”，下文说“你应该立刻说……”，结合首字母s，此处需要表示“对不起”的词，sorry符合语境。 6．句意：有些人认为礼貌只适用于大事，但事实并非如此。上文说“有些人认为礼貌只适用于大事”，下文说“但事实并非如此”，结合首字母t，此处需要表示“真实的”词，true符合语境。 7．句意：即使是一个微笑或一句礼貌的问候也能让某人的一天变得更美好。上文说“一个微笑或一句礼貌的问候”，下文说“让某人的一天更……”，结合首字母b，此处需要表示“更美好，更明亮”的比较级，brighter符合语境。 8．句意：学习礼貌并不难。上文说“学习礼貌”，下文说“你只需要在行动前考虑他人”，结合首字母d，此处需要表示“困难的”词，difficult符合语境。 9．句意：不要做任何会伤害他人或让别人感到不舒服的事情。上文说“不要做任何会伤害他人”，下文说“……让别人感到不舒服”，结合首字母o，此处需要表示“或者”的连接词，or符合语境。 10．句意：记住：礼貌和善良永远不会过时。上文说“礼貌和 kindness”，下文说“……不会过时”，结合首字母a，此处需要表示“总是，永远”的频率副词，always符合语境。 My father is from China and my mother is from America. I lived in China f 1 . Then I moved to the United States when I was twelve years old. I was able to see the d 2 between Chinese and American customs (风俗). For example, if Chinese people go to their f 3 houses, they will buy gifts for their friends. Family members often p 4 them for being so thoughtful. Americans will not usually buy gifts. They only buy gifts on their friends’ birthdays or for some other big c 5 . Chinese people think it is not polite if they don’t give gifts, but Americans think it is very strange to give gifts. The two cultures do it differently, but both show good m 6 in their own way. If you ask Chinese people to sit, you must ask them many times, or they will not sit at all. In Chinese culture, it’s considered polite to refuse an offer at first and only a 7 after being asked a few times. I’m always p 8 to share these little cultural facts with my friends from both countries. Because I g 9 up in both cultures, I believe that I can get on w 10 with both Chinese people and American people. 【答案】 1．first/irst 2．differences/ifferences 3．friends’/riends’ 4．praise/raise 5．celebrations/elebrations 6．manners/anners 7．accept/ccept 8．pleased/leased 9．grew/rew 10．well/ell 【导语】本文介绍了中国和美国的风俗差异。 1．句意：我最初住在中国。根据“Then I moved to the United States”可知，最初住在中国，first“最初”，副词。 2．句意：我能看到中国和美国之间的风俗差异。下文详细对比了中美风俗的不同，此处用名词difference“差异”，差异不止一处，用名词复数形式differences。 3．句意：例如，如果中国人去朋友家，他们会给朋友买礼物。根据“for their friends”可知，是去朋友家，friend“朋友”，此处用复数形式，且修饰名词houses，用其所有格形式friends’。 4．句意：家人经常称赞他们如此体贴。上文提到中国人去朋友家会带礼物，此处是对这种行为的肯定，praise“称赞”，时态为一般现在时，主语Family members为复数，动词用原形。 5．句意：他们只在朋友生日或其他大型庆祝活动时买礼物。前面提到生日，or连接同类场景，celebration“庆祝活动”符合语境，some other后用名词复数形式。 6．句意：这两种文化的做法不同，但都以自己的方式表现出良好的礼仪。此处是夸赞两种文化都重视礼貌，good manners“良好举止”。 7．句意：在中国文化中，一开始拒绝一个提议，只有在被要求几次后才接受，这被认为是礼貌的。根据“it’s considered polite to refuse an offer at first”可知，中国人多次拒绝后才接受，accept“接受”，and连接两个动词不定式，第二个不定式符号to省略，此处用动词原形。 8．句意：我总是很乐意与两国的朋友分享这些小文化事实。be pleased to do sth“乐意做某事”。 9．句意：因为我在两种文化中长大，我相信我能和中国人和美国人相处得很好。grow up“长大”，此处指的是过去在两种文化熏陶中长大，时态用一般过去时，此处用grow的过去式grew。 10．句意：因为我在两种文化中长大，我相信我能和中国人和美国人相处得很好。此处介绍在两种文化中成长给自己带来的好处，get on well with“与……相处得好”。 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 Being polite is very important in our daily life. Good m 1 show respect for others. We should learn to b 2 well in public. For example, whether you are talking to a stranger or a dear friend, it is good manners to be polite. A little bit of p 3 goes a long way! We should wait p 4 instead of r 5 to the front. It’s impolite to j 6 the line when buying tickets. We’d better not talk l 7 or litter everywhere. If we meet an old friend, we can greet him or her warmly. We should also listen o 8 and not a 9 others in an impolite way and think about others’ feelings. If everyone acts kindly, the world will be more p 10 . 【答案】 1．manners/anners 2．behave/ehave 3．politeness/oliteness 4．patiently/atiently 5．rushing/ushing 6．jump/ump 7．loudly/oudly 8．openly/penly 9．avoid/void 10．pleasant/leasant 【导语】本文主要讲述了礼貌在日常生活中的重要性，介绍了在公共场合应有的良好行为举止，倡导大家友善待人，让世界变得更美好。 1．句意：良好的举止体现对他人的尊重。根据前文“Being polite is very important”和首字母m可推出此处指良好的举止，manners“举止、礼仪”，常用复数形式，符合语境。 2．句意：我们应该学会在公共场合表现得体。根据前文“Good manners show respect for others”和首字母b可推出此处指表现得体，behave“表现、举止”，learn to后接动词原形，符合语法要求。 3．句意：一点点礼貌就能起到很大作用！根据前文“it is good manners to be polite”和首字母p可推出此处指礼貌，politeness“礼貌”，不可数名词，符合语境。 4．句意：我们应该耐心等待，而不是冲到前面。根据首字母p可推出此处指耐心地，patiently“耐心地”，副词修饰动词wait，符合语境。 5．句意：我们应该耐心等待，而不是冲到前面。根据“instead of”（后接动名词）和首字母r可推出此处指冲，rushing“冲”，动名词形式符合语法要求。 6．句意：买票时插队是不礼貌的。根据“it is impolite”和首字母j可推出此处指插队，jump the line是固定搭配，jump“跳、插队”，It’s impolite to后接动词原形。 7．句意：我们最好不要大声说话或到处乱扔垃圾。根据“it is impolite”和首字母l可推出此处指大声地，loudly“大声地”，副词修饰动词talk。 8．句意：我们也应该敞开心扉倾听，不以不礼貌的方式称呼他人，考虑他人的感受。根据首字母o可推出此处指敞开心扉地，openly“公开地、敞开心扉地”，副词修饰动词listen。 9．句意：我们也应该认真倾听，不以不礼貌的方式回避他人，考虑他人的感受。根据“in an impolite way”和首字母a可推出此处指避免以不礼貌的方式对待他人，avoid“回避”，与listen并列，用动词原形，符合语境。 10．句意：如果每个人都友善行事，世界将会更加美好。根据“everyone acts kindly”和首字母p可推出此处指美好的，pleasant“愉快的、美好的”，形容词作表语，more后接形容词原级，符合语境。 Traveling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier, but how well do we know and u 203 each other? Here is a simple test. Imagine (设想) you will hold a m 204 at four o’clock, w 205 should you expect your foreign business friends to come? If they are Germans, they will a 206 on time. If they are Americans, they will probably be fifteen minutes early. If they are British, they’ll be fifteen minutes late. The British seemed to have thought since the English l 207 was widely used in the world, what they did was certain to be widely understood. Very soon they f 208 they were completely (完全地) wrong. For e 209 , the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters with a drink during the meal, but the Japanese prefer not to talk about work while e 210 . Lunch is a time for them to relax and get to know e 211 other, and they don’t drink at lunch. The Germans like to talk about business b 1 dinner, and the French like to eat first and talk afterwards. They have to be well fed before they discuss anything. 【答案】 1．(u)nderstand 2．(m)eeting 3．(w)hen 4．(a)rrive 5．(l)anguage 6．(f)ound 7．(e)xample 8．(e)ating 9．(e)ach 10．(b)efore 【导语】本文主要通过举一个关于开会到达时间以及谈论生意的例子讲述了不同国家的人们会有不同的一些习惯，因此要去不同地方旅游，要先了解一下风俗。 1．句意：旅游到世界的各个角落变得越来越容易，但是我们有多互相知道和了解呢？根据“…but how well do we know and…each other”可知，表示我们互相有多少了解，结合首字母，understand表示“明白，理解”。故填(u)nderstand。 2．句意：想象你将会在四点开一个会议，你应该期待你的外国商友几点来呢？短语hold a meeting表示“开会”，结合首字母应用meeting。故填(m)eeting。 3．句意：想象你将会在四点开一个会议，你应该期待你的外国商友几点来呢？根据后文“If they are Americans, they will probably be fifteen minutes early. If they are British, they’ll be fifteen minutes late.”可知如果是美国人，可能早到15分钟，如果是英国人，可能迟到15分钟，因此此处是表示什么时候来，结合首字母，应用when。故填(w)hen。 4．句意：如果他们是德国人，他们将会准时到达。根据后文“If they are Americans，they will probably be fifteen minutes early. If they are British, they’ll be fifteen minutes late.”可知说明不同国人可能会到的时间，结合首字母，应用arrive表示“到达”。故填(a)rrive。 5．句意：自从英语在世界广泛地被使用，英国人似乎就觉得他们做什么都是理所当然地被广泛理解的。根据“…since the English…was widely used in the world”可知，是指英语这门语言被广泛地在世界使用，结合首字母，language表示“语言”。故填(l)anguage。 6．句意：很快他们就发现他们完全错了。根据前文“The British seemed to have thought…”可知英国人会有一些自认为的事情，结合首字母，此处表示很快就发现错了，应用find表示“发现”，句子时态为一般过去时，应用过去式found。故填(f)ound。 7．句意：例如，英国人很高兴在用餐时享用商务午餐并喝一杯讨论商务事宜。短语for example表示“举个例子，例如”。故填(e)xample。 8．句意：但是日本人不喜欢在吃饭的时候谈论工作。根据前文的“the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters with a drink during the meal,but the Japanese…”可知英国人喜欢在吃饭时候谈论工作和生意，由but可知表示转折，即日本人不会喜欢吃饭时候谈生意，结合首字母，应用eat表示“吃”，while后应用现在分词形式。故填(e)ating。 9．句意：午饭是他们放松和互相认识的时候。短语each other表示“互相”，符合题意。故填(e)ach。 10．句意：德国人喜欢在晚饭前谈生意。根据后文的“and the French like to eat first and talk afterwards.”可知法国人喜欢先吃再谈，由and可知两句话是并列，结合首字母应用before表示“在之前”，即德国人喜欢饭前谈。故填(b)efore。 Good manners are very important in our daily life. They show our respect for others. Here are some tips on how to behave properly in public places. First, when you are in a library, you should keep q 1 . It is a place for reading and studying. If you talk l 2 , you will disturb others. Remember to wait p 3 in line when you borrow books. Never j 4 the line. Second, when you are having dinner with others, don’t start eating u 5 everyone is ready. It’s i 6 to talk with food in your mouth. You should eat quietly. Finally, when you are on the road, you must follow traffic r 7 . Don’t cross the street when the light is red. It is too dangerous to r 8 across the street. In a word, we should always be careful with our manners. A little bit of p 9 goes a long way. Let’s try our best to keep a p 10 and harmonious society together. 【答案】 1．quiet/uiet 2．loudly/oudly 3．patiently/atiently 4．jump/ump 5．until/ntil/unless/nless 6．impolite/mpolite 7．rules/ules 8．rush/ush 9．politeness/oliteness 10．peaceful/eaceful 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，强调了礼貌在日常生活中的重要性，并从图书馆、用餐、出行三个场景，给出了公共场所的礼仪建议。 1．句意：首先，在图书馆你应该保持安静。“keep quiet”是固定搭配，意为“保持安静”，故填quiet。 2．句意：如果你大声地说话，就会打扰别人。修饰动词用副词，结合“you will disturb others”，首字母l指向大声地，故填loudly。 3．句意：借书时记得耐心地排队等候。修饰动词用副词，结合“wait… in line”，首字母p指向耐心地，故填patiently。 4．句意：绝不要插队。“jump the line”是固定搭配，意为“插队”，never后面接动词原形，故填jump。 5．句意：第二，当你和别人一起吃饭时，在大家都准备好之前/除非大家都准备好，否则不要开始吃。根据常识可知，与别人一起吃饭要等大家都准备好再吃。结合首字母u，本句既可以用“not… until…”的固定结构表示“直到……才……”，也可以用unless表示“除非”引导条件状语从句。故填until/unless。 6．句意：嘴里含着食物说话是不礼貌的。空格处需填一个形容词作表语修饰主语“It”，而主语“It”指代后面的动词不定式“to talk with food in your mouth”，首字母i指向不礼貌的，故填impolite。 7．句意：最后，在路上你必须遵守交通规则。“traffic rules”是固定搭配，意为“交通规则”，故填rules。 8．句意：冲过马路太危险了。本句是“It is+形容词+to do sth.”句型，空格处填一个动词原形，首字母r及文意指向冲过马路，故填rush。 9．句意：一点点礼貌就能带来很大的不同。根据前一句“In a word, we should always be careful with our manners.”以及首字母p可知，本句指向礼貌。空格处为主语，需填名词，politeness不可数名词，符合语境。故填politeness。 10．句意：让我们尽最大努力共同维持一个安宁和谐的社会。and连接两个并列的成分，故本空和“harmonious”共同修饰宾语“society”，空格处需填一个形容词。首字母p（polite仅可形容人不可形容社会）及文意指向安宁的，故填peaceful。 Good manners are a treasure for everyone. They can help you win others’ trust and make your life much easier. When I was 12 years old, I went to the UK as an exchange student. At first, I was very nervous about the cultural d 1 between China and the UK. My host family told me a lot about local manners, which helped me a lot. In the UK, people say “please” and “thank you” all the time, even to their family members. If someone holds the door for you, you must say “thank you”. If you make a mistake, you should say “sorry” at once, even if it’s not your fault. I also learned that British people are very p 2 when waiting in line. They will never j 3 the line, no matter how long they have to wait. At school, we should r 4 our teachers and classmates. We should listen carefully in class, and not disturb others when they are studying. If someone p 5 you for your good grades, you should say “thank you” happily, instead of saying you are not good enough. After coming back to China, I still keep these good habits. I learned that good manners have no national boundaries. Being k 6 and polite to others is always the right thing to do. We should not talk l 7 in public places, not drop litter everywhere, and always think about others before we a 8 . Remember: good manners are always in f 9 . They will never go out of date, and they will make you a person that everyone is w 10 to make friends with. 【答案】 1．differences/ ifferences 2．patient/ atient 3．jump/ ump 4．respect/espect 5．praises/raises 6．kind/ind 7．loudly/oudly 8．act/ct 9．fashion/ashion 10．willing/illing 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为交换生在英国学习时，对中英两国礼仪差异的观察与学习，强调了良好礼仪的普遍性与重要性。 1．句意：起初，我对中英两国的文化差异感到非常紧张。根据上下文语境，此处指“文化差异”，首字母为d，应填名词复数形式differences，表示多种文化差异。 2．句意：我还了解到英国人排队时非常有耐心。根据后文“无论等多久都不会插队”的语境，首字母为p，应填形容词patient“有耐心的”，作表语。 3．句意：他们永远不会插队，无论要等多久。根据“排队礼仪”的语境，首字母为j，应填动词jump，构成固定搭配jump the line“插队”，情态动词will后接动词原形。 4．句意：在学校，我们应该尊重老师和同学。根据校园礼仪的语境，首字母为r，应填动词respect“尊重”，情态动词should后接动词原形。 5．句意：如果有人表扬你取得好成绩，你应该开心地说“谢谢”。根据后文语境，首字母为p，应填动词praise的第三人称单数形式praises“表扬”，主语为someone，谓语动词用单数。 6．句意：对他人友善和礼貌永远是正确的做法。根据并列结构and polite，首字母为k，应填形容词kind“友善的”，与polite并列。 7．句意：我们不应该在公共场所大声交谈。根据公共礼仪的语境，首字母为l，应填副词loudly“大声地”，修饰动词talk。 8．句意：在行动之前，我们应该先考虑他人。根据上下文语境，首字母为a，应填动词act“行动”，表示“在行动前考虑他人”，时间状语从句用一般现在时。 9．句意：记住：良好的礼仪永远是流行的。根据后文“它们永远不会过时”的语境，首字母为f，应填名词fashion，构成固定搭配in fashion“流行、时髦”。 10．句意：它们会让你成为每个人都愿意与之交朋友的人。根据语境，首字母为w，应填形容词willing，构成固定搭配be willing to do sth.“愿意做某事”。 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在空白处填入适当的单词 Time Cultures Around the World Two students share their ideas and customs about time. Teresa Lopez, Cali, Colombia (哥伦比亚) Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time. We don’t like to r 1 around, so we don’t mind if people are a little late sometimes. If you tell a friend you’re going to their house for dinner, it’s OK if you arrive a b 2 late. We like to enjoy our time slowly. We value the time we s 3 with our family and friends in our everyday lives. We often drop by friends’ homes without plans. When we see each other, it’s polite for boys to shake hands and for girls to k 4 each other on the side of the face. Marc LeBlanc, Lausanne, Switzerland (瑞士) In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time. We’re the capital of clocks and w 5 , after all! If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then you’re expected to be there at noon. If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad. So I try to be on t 6 when I meet my friends. I always leave the house early to a 7 heavy traffic. I don’t mind because I think it’s i 8 to keep others waiting. Also, we never visit a friend’s house without c 9 first. We almost always make plans to do something interesting or go s 10 together. 【答案】 1．rush/ush 2．bit/it 3．spend/pend 4．kiss/iss 5．watches/atches 6．time/ime 7．avoid/void 8．impolite/mpolite 9．calling/alling 10．somewhere/omewhere 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自哥伦比亚卡利的Teresa Lopez和来自瑞士洛桑的Marc LeBlanc分别介绍各自国家关于时间的文化和习俗。 1．句意：我们不喜欢匆忙行事，所以有时人们迟到一会儿我们也不介意。根据“We don’t like to...around, so we don’t mind if people are a little late sometimes”可知，这里表达不喜欢匆忙行事，rush around意为“匆忙奔走”，首字母r对应“rush”。 2．句意：如果你告诉朋友你要去他们家吃晚餐，稍微晚一点到也没关系。a bit表示“有点儿”，a bit late即“有点儿晚”，符合语境，所以填bit。 3．句意：我们珍视在日常生活中与家人和朋友共度的时光。spend time with sb.意为“和某人共度时光”，这里说珍惜和家人朋友共度的时光，所以填spend。 4．句意：当我们见面时，男孩握手、女孩亲吻对方脸颊是礼貌的行为。由“for girls to...each other on the side of the face”可知，女孩见面时通常是亲吻脸颊，kiss意为“亲吻”，不定式符号to后接动词原形，所以填kiss。 5．句意：毕竟，我们是钟表和手表之都！根据“We’re the capital of clocks and...”以及常识，瑞士是钟表之都，watch表示“手表”，这里要用复数形式watches，所以填watches。 6．句意：所以我和朋友见面时尽量准时。根据“In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time.”可知，前文提到在瑞士准时很重要，所以这里说尽量准时见朋友，on time意为“准时”，所以首字母t对应“time”。 7．句意：我总是早早离开家以避开交通拥堵。“leave the house early”的目的是避免交通拥堵，avoid意为“避免”，所以填avoid。 8．句意：我不介意，因为我认为让别人等待是不礼貌的。由“I don’t mind because I think it’s...to keep others waiting”可知，让别人等待是不礼貌的，impolite意为“不礼貌的”。 9．句意：此外，我们从不事先不打电话就拜访朋友家。根据“we never visit a friend’s house without...first”以及后文说总是先做计划，可知这里是说不打电话就不去朋友家，call意为“打电话”，without是介词，后接动词-ing形式，所以填calling。 10．句意：我们几乎总是制定计划去做一些有趣的事情或一起去某个地方。go somewhere表示“去某个地方”，这里说一起去某个有趣的地方，故填somewhere。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Good manners are the most beautiful thing a person can have. They are like a key to o 1 people’s hearts. You can show good manners in e 2 part of your life. At school, you should respect your teachers and be kind to your classmates. At home, you should be polite to your parents and elders. In p 3 places, you should follow the rules and think about others. Some people think good manners are very difficult, but that’s not t 4 . Good manners are in the small things you do every day. A polite greeting, a warm smile, and a helping h 5 are all good manners. Being polite doesn’t mean you have to do something big. It just means you need to respect others and be thoughtful. Don’t talk loudly in public, don’t drop litter everywhere, wait in line patiently, and help those who are in n 6 . Good manners can not only make others feel happy, but a 7 make yourself feel good. When you are polite to others, they will be polite to you too. You will make more friends and have a happier life. Remember: good manners never go out of f 8 . They are always useful, no matter where you are or who you are with. So let’s learn to have good manners, and be a polite and k 9 person. Our world will become b 10 because of our good manners. 【答案】 1．other/ther 2．every/very 3．public/ublic 4．true/rue 5．hand/and 6．need/eed 7．also/lso 8．fashion/ashion 9．kind/ind 10．brighter/righter 【导语】本文论述了礼貌待人的重要性，指出礼貌体现在日常小事中，并鼓励读者养成良好礼仪，让世界变得更美好。 1．句意：它们像通往他人心扉的钥匙。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词短语“people’s hearts”。根据“people’s hearts”可知，此处表示“他人的心扉”，结合首字母“o”，应填other。 2．句意：你可以在生活的每个部分都展现出良好的礼仪。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“part”。结合首字母“e”，应填every。“every part of your life”意为“你生活的每个部分”。 3．句意：在公共场所，你应该遵守规则并考虑到他人。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“places”。根据“you should follow the rules”，在公共场所要遵守规则，结合首字母“p”，应填public。 4．句意：有些人认为良好的礼仪非常困难，但事实并非如此。该处需一个形容词，在句中作表语。but表示转折，否定前文的观点。结合首字母“t”，应填true。“that’s not true”意为“那是不正确的”，符合语境。 5．句意：一句礼貌的问候、一个温暖的微笑、一只助人的手都是良好的礼仪。该处需一个单数名词。根据“helping”并结合首字母“h”，应填hand，表示“援助之手、帮助”。 6．句意：不要在公共场合大声喧哗，不要随处乱扔垃圾，要耐心排队等候，并且要帮助那些有需要的人。根据“help those who are in”可知，应该是帮助有需要的人，结合首字母“n”，应填need。“in need”是固定短语，意为“有需要的”。 7．句意：良好的礼仪不仅能让别人感到快乐，也能让你自己感觉良好。“not only...but also...”是固定结构，意为“不仅……而且……”，所以填also。 8．句意：记住：良好的礼仪永远不会过时。根据“They are always useful”可知，良好的礼仪永远不会过时，结合首字母“f”，应填fashion。“out of fashion”是固定短语，意为“过时”。 9．句意：所以，让我们学会拥有良好的礼仪，做一个有礼貌、友善的人。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“person”。与“polite”并列描述一个人的良好品质。结合首字母“k”，应填kind。 10．句意：因为我们的良好礼仪，我们的世界会变得更美好。该处需一个形容词的比较级，在句中作表语，与“become”构成系表结构。结合首字母“b”，应填brighter，意为“更光明的、更美好的”，与前文良好礼仪带来的积极影响相呼应。 重难语篇练习 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Good manners are the most attractive quality a person can have. They are like a window that shows your inner character. You can show good manners in many w 1 in your daily life. At school, you should listen to your teachers carefully in class, and be k 2 to your classmates. Don’t laugh at others when they make mistakes, and be ready to help them. In public places, you should f 3 the rules. Keep quiet in the library, the cinema or the hospital. Don’t talk loudly or make noise that will disturb o 4 . Wait in line patiently when you are buying tickets or getting on the bus. Don’t jump the line, even if you are in a h 5 . At home, you should be polite to your parents and elders. Greet them when you get up in the morning, and say good night when you go to bed. When your parents give you something, say “thank you”. When you make a m 6 , say “sorry” at once. Some people think good manners are out of fashion, but that’s not true. Good manners are a 7 in fashion. They can help you make more friends, get more respect, and have a happier life. Good manners are not difficult to learn. You just need to think about others before you act. Don’t do a 8 that will hurt others or make them feel uncomfortable. Start with small things in your daily life, and you will become a person with good manners. Remember: your good manners are your best name card. They can take you e 9 that you want to go. So let’s learn to have good manners, and make the world a w 10 and more beautiful place. 【答案】 1．ways/ays 2．kind/ind 3．follow/ollow 4．others/thers 5．hurry/urry 6．mistake/istake 7．always/lways 8．anything/nything 9．everywhere/verywhere 10．warmer/armer 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了每个人都要遵守礼仪，以及如何去遵守礼仪。 1．句意：日常生活的很多方面都能展现好的礼仪。 根据“in”和首字母w提示可知，是指在很多方面；根据“many”可知需要复数形式。首字母w对应ways。 2．句意：在学校，上课要认真听老师讲课，善待同学。根据后文“Don’t laugh at others when they make mistakes, and be ready to help them.”可知，是要对同学友善，用固定搭配be kind to。首字母k对应kind。 3．句意：在公共场所，你应该遵守规则。should后接动词原形并且要和名词rules搭配，可知这里要用遵守。首字母f对应follow。 4．句意：不要大声说话或发出噪音，以免打扰其他人。 根据“talk loudly or make noise”可知，这种行为会打扰到别人，首字母o对应others。 5．句意：即使你很着急，也不要插队。根据“jump the line”和“even if”可知，这里指着急，用固定搭配in a hurry。首字母h对应hurry。 6．句意：当你犯错时，立即说“对不起”。根据“say “sorry” at once”对应的是犯错的场景，所以应该用固定搭配make a mistake。首字母m对应mistake。 7．句意：良好的礼仪一直是一种时尚。根据“that’s not true” 可知，前文良好的礼仪已经过时了，是不成立的，所以这里应该用一直。首字母a对应always。 8．句意：不要做会伤害他人或让他们感到不舒服的任何事情。本句为宾语从句，that前缺乏先行词，由首字母a可知是任何事。首字母a对应anything。 9．句意：它们可以带你去你想去的每个地方。根据“that you want to go”可知是地点，指每个地方。首字母e对应everywhere。 10．句意：所以，让我们学会良好的礼仪，让世界变得更加温暖和美好。根据“more beautiful”可知，这里需要形容词比较级，由语境和首字母w可知，这里需要温暖。首字母w对应warmer。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。 When I first set foot on Mexican soil, I spoke Spanish well. So when I asked a local taco seller for a taco, he said “ahorita”, which is directly t 1 into “right now”. I took him at his word, believing that i 2 arrival was immediate. I sat near his shop and waited. Half an hour passed and s 3 no taco arrived, so I asked again about it. “Ahorita,” he told me again. His face was a mix of confusion and maybe even embarrassment. I was torn (犹豫的). Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but I felt it was i 4 to just walk away, especially if the taco was now being delivered just for me. But finally, after w 5 too long, I made a rush for the nearest bus to take me home. As I left, I signaled at my wrist and shrugged (耸肩) to the taco seller. Obviously I couldn’t wait any longer and it really wasn’t my fault. His face was, once again, one of total confusion. This experience faded (褪去) from my memory u 6 years later when I came back to live in Mexico. I discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not fluency (流利) in the language, but rather fluency in the c 7 . When someone from Mexico says “ahorita”, it should almost n 8 be taken literally; its meaning c 9 greatly with context. As a linguist (语言学家) told me, “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.” It is even used as a polite way of saying “no, thanks” when r 10 an offer. “Ahorita Time” is a reflection of different cultural understandings of time. Since I moved to Mexico, my attitude towards time has changed dramatically. “Ahorita Time” has actually allowed me to live far more in the “right now” than I ever did before. 【答案】 1．translated/ranslated 2．its/ts 3．still/till 4．impolite/mpolite 5．waiting/aiting 6．until/ntil 7．culture/ulture 8．never/ever 9．changes/hanges 10．refusing/efusing 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在墨西哥因语言文化差异对“ahorita”一词的误解经历，以及后来对墨西哥文化中时间观念的重新认识。 1．句意：所以当我向当地的塔可摊主点一份塔可时，他说了“ahorita”这个词，这个词被直接翻译成“马上”。根据“he said ‘ahorita’, which is directly…into ‘right now’”以及首字母提示可知，此处指这个词被直接翻译成“马上”，用过去分词translated，构成被动语态。故填translated。 2．句意：我信了他的话，以为塔可马上就会送到。空后是名词arrival，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，此处指代前文的taco，用its。故填its。 3．句意：半个小时过去了，塔可还是没有来，于是我又问了一次。根据“I asked again about it”以及首字母提示可知，此处指还没有上塔可，still符合。故填still。 4．句意：再等下去并不愉快，但我觉得就这样走开是不礼貌的，尤其是如果这份塔可现在正专门为我准备的话。根据“especially if the taco was now being delivered just for me”以及but可知，此处句意发生了转折，指就这样走开是不礼貌的，impolite符合。故填impolite。 5．句意：但最后，等了太久之后，我冲向最近的公交车回家。根据“I couldn’t wait any longer”以及首字母提示可知，此处指等了太久之后，wait符合，介词after后用动名词形式。故填waiting。 6．句意：这段经历从我的记忆中淡去，直到多年后我回到墨西哥生活。根据“This experience faded (褪去) from my memory…years later when I came back to live in Mexico.”以及下文可知，记忆中的误会直到再次回到墨西哥才被解开，until符合。故填until。 7．句意：我发现理解“ahorita”这个词，靠的不是语言的流利，而是对文化的熟悉。根据“‘Ahorita Time’ is a reflection of different cultural understandings of time.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指文化，culture符合。故填culture。 8．句意：当墨西哥人说“ahorita”时，这个词几乎永远不能按字面意思理解；它的含义会根据语境发生很大的变化。根据“its meaning…greatly with context”以及首字母提示可知，此处指这个词几乎永远不能按字面意思理解，never符合。故填never。 9．句意：当墨西哥人说“ahorita”时，这个词几乎永远不能按字面意思理解；它的含义会根据语境发生很大的变化。根据“Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指它的含义会根据语境发生很大的变化，change符合，时态为一般现在时，主语为“its meaning”，用第三人称单数changes。故填changes。 10．句意：它甚至被用作拒绝提议时的一种礼貌说法，意思是“不了，谢谢”。根据“no, thanks”以及首字母提示可知，此处指拒绝，空前是连词when，此处为省略结构，逻辑主语是it（指代 ahorita），与“拒绝”之间是主动关系，用现在分词refusing。故填refusing。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Good manners 短文首字母填空10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 良好礼仪 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Good manners are a key to happiness. When you are polite to o 1 , they will be polite to you too. In your daily life, you can show good manners in many s 2 . For example, when you come into a room, it’s polite to k 3 at the door first. When you see an old man carrying a heavy bag, you can o 4 to help him. When you make a mistake, you should say “s 5 ” at once. Some people think good manners are only for big things, but that’s not t 6 . Good manners are in the small things you do every day. Even a smile or a polite greeting can make someone’s day b 7 . Learning good manners is not d 8 . You just need to think about others before you act. Don’t do anything that will hurt o 9 make others feel uncomfortable. Remember: good manners and kindness are a 10 in fashion. My father is from China and my mother is from America. I lived in China f 1 . Then I moved to the United States when I was twelve years old. I was able to see the d 2 between Chinese and American customs (风俗). For example, if Chinese people go to their f 3 houses, they will buy gifts for their friends. Family members often p 4 them for being so thoughtful. Americans will not usually buy gifts. They only buy gifts on their friends’ birthdays or for some other big c 5 . Chinese people think it is not polite if they don’t give gifts, but Americans think it is very strange to give gifts. The two cultures do it differently, but both show good m 6 in their own way. If you ask Chinese people to sit, you must ask them many times, or they will not sit at all. In Chinese culture, it’s considered polite to refuse an offer at first and only a 7 after being asked a few times. I’m always p 8 to share these little cultural facts with my friends from both countries. Because I g 9 up in both cultures, I believe that I can get on w 10 with both Chinese people and American people. 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 Being polite is very important in our daily life. Good m 1 show respect for others. We should learn to b 2 well in public. For example, whether you are talking to a stranger or a dear friend, it is good manners to be polite. A little bit of p 3 goes a long way! We should wait p 4 instead of r 5 to the front. It’s impolite to j 6 the line when buying tickets. We’d better not talk l 7 or litter everywhere. If we meet an old friend, we can greet him or her warmly. We should also listen o 8 and not a 9 others in an impolite way and think about others’ feelings. If everyone acts kindly, the world will be more p 10 . Traveling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier, but how well do we know and u 203 each other? Here is a simple test. Imagine (设想) you will hold a m 204 at four o’clock, w 205 should you expect your foreign business friends to come? If they are Germans, they will a 206 on time. If they are Americans, they will probably be fifteen minutes early. If they are British, they’ll be fifteen minutes late. The British seemed to have thought since the English l 207 was widely used in the world, what they did was certain to be widely understood. Very soon they f 208 they were completely (完全地) wrong. For e 209 , the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters with a drink during the meal, but the Japanese prefer not to talk about work while e 210 . Lunch is a time for them to relax and get to know e 211 other, and they don’t drink at lunch. The Germans like to talk about business b 1 dinner, and the French like to eat first and talk afterwards. They have to be well fed before they discuss anything. Good manners are very important in our daily life. They show our respect for others. Here are some tips on how to behave properly in public places. First, when you are in a library, you should keep q 1 . It is a place for reading and studying. If you talk l 2 , you will disturb others. Remember to wait p 3 in line when you borrow books. Never j 4 the line. Second, when you are having dinner with others, don’t start eating u 5 everyone is ready. It’s i 6 to talk with food in your mouth. You should eat quietly. Finally, when you are on the road, you must follow traffic r 7 . Don’t cross the street when the light is red. It is too dangerous to r 8 across the street. In a word, we should always be careful with our manners. A little bit of p 9 goes a long way. Let’s try our best to keep a p 10 and harmonious society together. Good manners are a treasure for everyone. They can help you win others’ trust and make your life much easier. When I was 12 years old, I went to the UK as an exchange student. At first, I was very nervous about the cultural d 1 between China and the UK. My host family told me a lot about local manners, which helped me a lot. In the UK, people say “please” and “thank you” all the time, even to their family members. If someone holds the door for you, you must say “thank you”. If you make a mistake, you should say “sorry” at once, even if it’s not your fault. I also learned that British people are very p 2 when waiting in line. They will never j 3 the line, no matter how long they have to wait. At school, we should r 4 our teachers and classmates. We should listen carefully in class, and not disturb others when they are studying. If someone p 5 you for your good grades, you should say “thank you” happily, instead of saying you are not good enough. After coming back to China, I still keep these good habits. I learned that good manners have no national boundaries. Being k 6 and polite to others is always the right thing to do. We should not talk l 7 in public places, not drop litter everywhere, and always think about others before we a 8 . Remember: good manners are always in f 9 . They will never go out of date, and they will make you a person that everyone is w 10 to make friends with. 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在空白处填入适当的单词 Time Cultures Around the World Two students share their ideas and customs about time. Teresa Lopez, Cali, Colombia (哥伦比亚) Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time. We don’t like to r 1 around, so we don’t mind if people are a little late sometimes. If you tell a friend you’re going to their house for dinner, it’s OK if you arrive a b 2 late. We like to enjoy our time slowly. We value the time we s 3 with our family and friends in our everyday lives. We often drop by friends’ homes without plans. When we see each other, it’s polite for boys to shake hands and for girls to k 4 each other on the side of the face. Marc LeBlanc, Lausanne, Switzerland (瑞士) In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time. We’re the capital of clocks and w 5 , after all! If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then you’re expected to be there at noon. If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad. So I try to be on t 6 when I meet my friends. I always leave the house early to a 7 heavy traffic. I don’t mind because I think it’s i 8 to keep others waiting. Also, we never visit a friend’s house without c 9 first. We almost always make plans to do something interesting or go s 10 together. 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Good manners are the most beautiful thing a person can have. They are like a key to o 1 people’s hearts. You can show good manners in e 2 part of your life. At school, you should respect your teachers and be kind to your classmates. At home, you should be polite to your parents and elders. In p 3 places, you should follow the rules and think about others. Some people think good manners are very difficult, but that’s not t 4 . Good manners are in the small things you do every day. A polite greeting, a warm smile, and a helping h 5 are all good manners. Being polite doesn’t mean you have to do something big. It just means you need to respect others and be thoughtful. Don’t talk loudly in public, don’t drop litter everywhere, wait in line patiently, and help those who are in n 6 . Good manners can not only make others feel happy, but a 7 make yourself feel good. When you are polite to others, they will be polite to you too. You will make more friends and have a happier life. Remember: good manners never go out of f 8 . They are always useful, no matter where you are or who you are with. So let’s learn to have good manners, and be a polite and k 9 person. Our world will become b 10 because of our good manners. 重难语篇练习 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Good manners are the most attractive quality a person can have. They are like a window that shows your inner character. You can show good manners in many w 1 in your daily life. At school, you should listen to your teachers carefully in class, and be k 2 to your classmates. Don’t laugh at others when they make mistakes, and be ready to help them. In public places, you should f 3 the rules. Keep quiet in the library, the cinema or the hospital. Don’t talk loudly or make noise that will disturb o 4 . Wait in line patiently when you are buying tickets or getting on the bus. Don’t jump the line, even if you are in a h 5 . At home, you should be polite to your parents and elders. Greet them when you get up in the morning, and say good night when you go to bed. When your parents give you something, say “thank you”. When you make a m 6 , say “sorry” at once. Some people think good manners are out of fashion, but that’s not true. Good manners are a 7 in fashion. They can help you make more friends, get more respect, and have a happier life. Good manners are not difficult to learn. You just need to think about others before you act. Don’t do a 8 that will hurt others or make them feel uncomfortable. Start with small things in your daily life, and you will become a person with good manners. Remember: your good manners are your best name card. They can take you e 9 that you want to go. So let’s learn to have good manners, and make the world a w 10 and more beautiful place. 根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。 When I first set foot on Mexican soil, I spoke Spanish well. So when I asked a local taco seller for a taco, he said “ahorita”, which is directly t 1 into “right now”. I took him at his word, believing that i 2 arrival was immediate. I sat near his shop and waited. Half an hour passed and s 3 no taco arrived, so I asked again about it. “Ahorita,” he told me again. His face was a mix of confusion and maybe even embarrassment. I was torn (犹豫的). Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but I felt it was i 4 to just walk away, especially if the taco was now being delivered just for me. But finally, after w 5 too long, I made a rush for the nearest bus to take me home. As I left, I signaled at my wrist and shrugged (耸肩) to the taco seller. Obviously I couldn’t wait any longer and it really wasn’t my fault. His face was, once again, one of total confusion. This experience faded (褪去) from my memory u 6 years later when I came back to live in Mexico. I discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not fluency (流利) in the language, but rather fluency in the c 7 . When someone from Mexico says “ahorita”, it should almost n 8 be taken literally; its meaning c 9 greatly with context. As a linguist (语言学家) told me, “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.” It is even used as a polite way of saying “no, thanks” when r 10 an offer. “Ahorita Time” is a reflection of different cultural understandings of time. Since I moved to Mexico, my attitude towards time has changed dramatically. “Ahorita Time” has actually allowed me to live far more in the “right now” than I ever did before. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $