Unit 5 Nature's Temper单元重点词汇变形100题- 2025-2026学年人教版八年级下册英语

**基本信息** 人教版八年级下册Unit 5词汇变形专项训练，通过100题三阶分层设计（汉译英、词形转换、首字母填空）系统强化单元核心词汇应用，提升语言能力与学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |根据中文提示写词|35题（如“安全”“台风”等）|考查单词拼写与词性匹配|聚焦单元主题词基础积累，建立“中文-英文”直接映射| |括号内词变形|35题（如froth→froths, guard→guard）|涉及名词复数、词性转换、时态等|从词形变化规则切入，构建“词根-词形-语境”转换逻辑| |首字母提示填空|30题（如t→trouble, f→flood）|考查词汇语境应用与拼写|通过首字母线索强化“词汇-语境-意义”关联，提升综合运用能力|

答案解析 一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式（35分） 1. security；解析：the 后接名词，“安全”用名词 security。 2. nearby；解析：副词修饰动词 camp，表示“在附近”。 3. typhoon；解析：a 后接可数名词单数，“台风”为 typhoon。 4. thunder；解析：the sound of 后接不可数名词，“雷声”为 thunder。 5. beat；解析：begin to do sth. 后接动词原形，表示“敲打”。 6. thick；解析：形容词修饰名词 jungle，表示“厚的”。 7. heatwave；解析：a 后接可数名词单数，“热浪”为 heatwave。 8. rainstorm；解析：heavy 后接名词，“暴风雨”为 rainstorm。 9. schoolgirl；解析：the 后接可数名词单数，“女学生”为 schoolgirl。 10. Nearly；解析：副词置于句首修饰全句，表示“几乎”，首字母大写。 11. Knowledge；解析：名词作主语，“知识”为不可数名词，首字母大写。 12. rescue；解析：try one’s best to do sth. 后接动词原形，表示“救援”。 13. review；解析：should 后接动词原形，表示“复习”。 14. thinking；解析：his 后接名词，“思考；想法”为 thinking。 15. relatives；解析：other 后接可数名词复数，“亲戚”为 relatives。 16. heartbeat；解析：my 后接名词，“心跳”为 heartbeat。 17. earthquake；解析：big 后接名词，“地震”为 earthquake。 18. All of a sudden；解析：固定短语，表示“突然”。 19. volunteer；解析：a 后接可数名词单数，“志愿者”为 volunteer。 20. As a result；解析：固定短语，表示“因此”。 21. out of breath；解析：固定短语，表示“上气不接下气”。 22. make preparations；解析：should 后接动词短语，“作准备”为 make preparations。 23. guard；解析：it’s one’s duty to do sth. 后接动词原形，表示“保卫”。 24. goes off；解析：一般现在时，主语为单数，“（闹钟）发出响声”为 goes off。 25. hide；解析：一般现在时，主语为复数，动词用原形，表示“躲藏”。 26. terribly；解析：副词修饰动词 damaged，表示“非常糟地”。 27. trouble；解析：in great trouble 固定搭配，表示“处于极大困难中”。 28. power；解析：more 后接不可数名词，“电力；力量”为 power。 29. refuse；解析：shouldn’t 后接动词原形，表示“拒绝”。 30. By the time；解析：固定短语，引导时间状语从句，表示“到……的时候”。 31. slow down；解析：should 后接动词短语，表示“减速”。 32. do chores；解析：help sb. do sth. 固定搭配，“做家务”为 do chores。 33. As soon as；解析：固定短语，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。 34. screaming；解析：过去进行时结构 were + 现在分词，表示“尖叫”。 35. came off；解析：一般过去时，“脱落”为 came off。 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空（35分） 1. froth；解析：a lot of 后接不可数名词，froth 表示“泡沫”。 2. (to) guard；解析：help sb. (to) do sth. 后接动词原形。 3. rainy；解析：形容词修饰名词 days，“下雨的”为 rainy。 4. troublesome；解析：形容词修饰名词 problem，“麻烦的”为 troublesome。 5. reporter；解析：a 后接可数名词单数，“记者”为 reporter。 6. relatives；解析：were 提示主语为复数，“亲戚”为 relatives。 7. security；解析：security guard 固定搭配，表示“保安”。 8. Thankfully；解析：副词置于句首修饰全句，首字母大写。 9. knowledge；解析：more 后接不可数名词，“知识”为 knowledge。 10. thinking；解析：deep 后接名词，“思考”为 thinking。 11. heroes；解析：those 后接可数名词复数，hero 复数为 heroes。 12. southwestern；解析：形容词修饰名词 part，“西南的”为 southwestern。 13. voluntary；解析：形容词修饰名词 work，“志愿的”为 voluntary。 14. terribly；解析：副词修饰形容词 dangerous。 15. alarmed；解析：feel 后接形容词，“惊恐的”为 alarmed。 16. suddenly；解析：副词修饰动词 came，表示“突然地”。 17. unusual；解析：it is + adj. 句型，“不寻常的”为 unusual。 18. Luckily；解析：副词置于句首修饰全句，首字母大写。 19. worst；解析：the 后接形容词最高级，bad 最高级为 worst。 20. hid；解析：一般过去时，hide 的过去式为 hid。 21. beat；解析：一般过去时，beat 的过去式为 beat。 22. thickness；解析：the 后接名词，“厚度”为 thickness。 23. soundly；解析：副词修饰动词 sleeping，表示“酣畅地”。 24. powerful；解析：so + 形容词，“强大的”为 powerful。 25. preparations；解析：make preparations 固定搭配，表示“做准备”。 26. nearly；解析：副词修饰 all，表示“几乎”。 27. neighbourhood；解析：the 后接名词，“街区”为 neighbourhood。 28. possibly；解析：副词修饰动词 get，表示“可能”。 29. interviewer；解析：the 后接名词，“采访者；面试官”为 interviewer。 30. waves；解析：huge 后接可数名词复数，“波浪”为 waves。 31. warning；解析：a 后接名词，“警告”为 warning。 32. flooded；解析：get + 过去分词表示被动，“被淹没的”为 flooded。 33. screaming；解析：keep doing sth. 固定搭配，表示“一直尖叫”。 34. was reviewing；解析：过去进行时，主语 I 用 was + reviewing。 35. supplies; to supply；解析：kinds of 后接复数 supplies；make every effort to do sth. 后接 to supply。 三、根据首字母提示完成句子（30分） 1. trouble；解析：in trouble 固定搭配，表示“处于困境”。 2. nearly；解析：副词修饰 missed，表示“几乎”。 3. report；解析：weather report 固定搭配，表示“天气预报”。 4. flood；解析：a 后接名词，表示“洪水”。 5. calm；解析：keep calm 固定搭配，表示“保持冷静”。 6. rescued；解析：一般过去时，表示“营救”。 7. security；解析：security guard 固定搭配，表示“保安”。 8. shake；解析：begin to do sth. 后接动词原形，表示“摇晃”。 9. unlucky；解析：形容词修饰 number，表示“不吉利的”。 10. cause；解析：can 后接动词原形，表示“引起”。 11. guard；解析：security guard 固定搭配，表示“保安”。 12. hid; soundly；解析：hide 过去式 hid；副词 soundly 修饰 slept。 13. beat；解析：一般过去时，表示“拍打”。 14. thick；解析：so + 形容词，表示“浓的”。 15. power；解析：have no power 表示“没电”。 16. preparations；解析：make preparations 固定搭配，表示“做准备”。 17. refuses；解析：一般现在时，主语单数，表示“拒绝”。 18. breath；解析：out of breath 固定搭配，表示“上气不接下气”。 19. volunteer；解析：a 后接名词，表示“志愿者”。 20. died；解析：die down 固定搭配，表示“减弱”，过去式 died。 21. warned；解析：一般过去时，表示“警告”。 22. earthquake；解析：in an earthquake 表示“在地震中”。 23. drought；解析：long 后接名词，表示“干旱”。 24. thunder；解析：the 后接名词，表示“雷声”。 25. review；解析：help sb. do sth. 后接动词原形，表示“复习”。 26. typhoon；解析：during the typhoon 表示“在台风期间”。 27. storm；解析：the 后接名词，表示“暴风雨”。 28. sudden；解析：all of a sudden 固定搭配，表示“突然”。 29. relatives；解析：many 后接可数名词复数，表示“亲戚”。 30. temper；解析：bad temper 固定搭配，表示“坏脾气”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版（2024）八年级下册Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单元重点词汇变形100题 学校：______________ 班级：______________ 姓名：______________ （考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分） 一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式。（共35小题；每小题1分，满分35分） 1．Everyone has the responsibility to protect the __________ (安全) of our country and society. 2．We decided to camp ________ (附近) so we could get up early to watch the sunrise. 3．A strong ________ (台风) hit the village last night. 4．The little girl felt scared and covered her ears at the sound of ________ (雷声). 5．The heavy rain began to ________ (敲打) against the window. 6．It is hard to walk through the ________ (厚的) jungle in the rainforest. 7．The ________ (热浪) brought high temperatures to many European countries. 8．The heavy ________ (暴风雨) brought great challenges to local people’s lives. 9．The young ________ (女学生) told us about her experience in the heavy rain. 10．________ (几乎) everyone in our class joined the school activity. 11．________ (知识；学问) can help us stay away from danger in many situations. 12．They tried their best to ________ (救援；营救) the people in the earthquake. 13．You should ________ (复习；回顾) your notes carefully before the test. 14．His ________ (思考；想法) about the accident is very different from others’. 15．I often visit my grandparents and other ________ (亲戚；亲属) on weekends. 16．My ________ (心跳) was fast when I heard the loud noise outside. 17．Many people lost their homes in that big ________ (地震) last year. 18．________ ________ ________ ________, it rained heavily. (突然) 19．I went to the nursing home and worked as a ________ (志愿者) there. 20．He didn’t prepare well. ________ ________ ________ (因此), he failed the test. 21．I was ________ ________ ________ (上气不接下气) after running up the stairs. 22．We should ________ ________ before the typhoon comes. (作准备) 23．It’s our duty to __________ (保卫) our homeland. 24．The alarm clock ________ (发出响声) at six every morning. 25．Rabbits often ________ (躲藏) in the grass when they sense danger. 26．The storm damaged the town ________ (非常糟地). 27．She is in great ________ (苦恼；困难) these days and needs our help. 28．We need more ________ (电力供应；能量；力量) to keep the machines working. 29．You shouldn’t ________ (拒绝) his kind help so quickly. 30．________ ________ ________ I got home, my mom was cooking. (到……的时候) 31．You should ________ ________ (减速) when you drive through the school area. 32．We should help parents ________ ________ at home. (做家务) 33．________ ________ ________ (一…… 就……) the rain stops, we can go out to play. 34．People were ________ (尖叫) when they saw the huge wave． 35．The button on my coat ________ ________ (脱落) when I ran. 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。（共35小题；每小题1分，满分35分） 1．The beer has a lot of ___________ (froth) on top. 2．My pet dog helped me ________ (guard) the house when I was out. 3．Don’t forget to take an umbrella on ________ (rain) days. 4．Don’t touch the machine. It may cause a ________ problem. (trouble) 5．My uncle works as a ___________ (report) in a TV station. 6．The ________ (relative) of the missing person were waiting anxiously for news. 7．She went to the ________ (secure) guard and explained what she saw to him. 8．________ (thankful), no one got hurt in the sudden storm. 9．We can learn more about nature’s disaster by getting more ________(know). 10．The math problem was difficult for most of the students, but her deep ________ (think) helped her find the right answer quickly. 11．We admire those ___________ (hero) who saved people in the fire. 12．The ________ (southwest) part of China has many beautiful mountains and rivers. 13．She does ________ work at the hospital every weekend. (volunteer) 14．It was ________ (terrible) dangerous to stay outside in the typhoon. 15．People felt ________ when they heard the loud noise. (alarm) 16．The storm came ________ (sudden), and everyone was caught off guard. 17．It is ________ (usual) for him to get up late. He is always early. 18．________ (lucky), no one was hurt in the small earthquake. 19．This is the ________ (bad) weather I’ve ever experienced. The heavy rain has flooded many streets. 20．The boy _________ (hide) under the bed when the earthquake started. 21．The little girl felt scared when the rain ________ (beat) heavily against the window. 22．The ________ of the ice is not enough for us to skate on. (thick) 23．He was sleeping so ________ (sound) that he didn’t hear his alarm clock. 24．The earthquake was so ________ that many buildings fell down. (power) 25．We need to make _________ (prepare) for the coming storm. 26．The heavy rain caused a flood, and ________ (near) all the crops in the village were destroyed. 27．After the typhoon, they helped to clean up the __________ (neighbour). 28．The weather here will ________ (possible) get warmer in the future. 29．The ________ (interview) asked the students some questions about the storm. 30．Huge ________ (wave) hit the coast and many ships were broken. 31．The weather station gave a ________ (warn) of the coming tornado. 32．After the storm, many roads got ________ (flood). 33．He rushed to the beach and kept ________ (scream) “Run! There is a tsunami coming!” again and again. 34．When the rainstorm began, I ________ (review) my lessons at home. 35．As different kinds of ________ were quite short, the central government made every effort ________ things to the people in the flood-hit areas. (supply) 三、根据首字母提示完成句子。（共30小题；每小题1分，满分30分） 1．We did not know they were in t________ at that time. Otherwise (否则), we would give them a hand. 2．I n________ missed the early bus this morning because I got up late. 3．The reporter advised people to pay attention to the weather r________. 4．When there is a big f________, many houses near the river get covered with water. 5．We should keep c________ in the face of danger. 6．The firefighter r________ the boy from the burning building safely. 7．The s________ guards in the railway station protect the passengers’ safety. 8．The building began to s________ when the earthquake happened. 9．Most Chinese people see “four” as an u________ number, because it sounds like the word for death in Chinese. 10．Earthquakes under the sea can c________ dangerous waves called tsunamis. 11．Tilly’s father told a security g________ about the tsunami. 12．After a long day of playing, the little cat h________ under the sofa and slept s________ all night. 13．The waves b_________ heavily against the rocks, and thick white froth formed on the sea. 14．The fog was so t________ that we couldn’t see the road clearly. 15．We have no p________ at home because of the sudden power cut. 16．Lisa’s family didn’t make enough p________ before the typhoon. 17．She r_________ to go out alone at night, because she was afraid of the dark. 18．I didn’t catch the school bus this morning, so I had to run to school out of b________. 19．—What did you do last Saturday, Tina? —I went to the nursing home and worked as a v________ there. 20．The interviews took place after the typhoon s________ down. 21．The radio w________ people about the coming typhoon early in the morning. 22．Try to hide under a strong table or in a corner of the room to protect yourself in an e________. 23．The long d________ made the land very dry and hard. 24．The t________ was so loud that it woke me up in the middle of the night. 25．Before the exam, our teacher helped us r________ all the important lessons. 26．Many trees were uprooted (连根拔起) during the t________ that passed through the town. 27．The t________ brought strong wind and heavy rain to the coastal city last week. 28．All of a s_________ , the lights went out because of the power cut during the rainstorm. 29．During the Spring Festival, many r________ come to visit our family. 30．His bad t________ often makes him argue with others over small things. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $