Unit 8 A green world（单元自测·江苏扬州专用）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自试（江苏扬州专用） Unit 8·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：120分） 一、单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分) 在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。 1．— What do you think of ________ 2026 Yangzhou Jianzhen Half Marathon? — Fantastic! It’s ________ excellent chance for runners to challenge themselves A．The; an B．A; / C．The; a D．A; the 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得 2026 扬州鉴真半程马拉松怎么样？——太棒了！对于跑步者来说这是一个挑战自我的绝佳机会。 第一空特指 2026 扬州鉴真半程马拉松这一具体赛事，用定冠词The；第二空表示泛指“一个绝佳的机会”，且excellent以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 2．It’s important to ________ waste to save resources. A．recycle B．reuse C．produce D．renew 【答案】A 【详解】句意：回收废弃物以节约资源是很重要的。 recycle回收利用；reuse重复使用；produce生产；renew更新。根据“waste”及“save resources”可知，此处指通过“回收利用”废弃物来节约资源。应填recycle。 3．Jim spent the whole weekend playing games and didn’t finish his homework, so his father decided to ________ him by not letting him watch TV this week. A．connect B．punish C．admire D．create 【答案】B 【详解】句意：吉姆整个周末都在玩游戏，没有完成作业，所以他的爸爸决定这周不让他看电视来惩罚他。 connect连接；punish惩罚；admire钦佩；create创造。根据“didn’t finish his homework”以及“not letting him watch TV this week”可知，没完成作业导致不让看电视，这是父亲对他的一种惩罚行为，应填punish。 4．The story is ________ known by people all over the country. A．widely B．wide C．broadly D．extensively 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个故事被全国人民广泛知晓。 widely广泛地；wide宽的；broadly大体上；extensively大量地。根据“known by people all over the country”可知，故事被很多人知道，需要用副词修饰动词known，固定搭配“be widely known”表示“广为人知”。 5．—Mike, how often do you play computer games? —________ ever. I think it is bad for my study. A．Usually B．Hardly C．Always D．Often 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——迈克，你多久玩一次电脑游戏？——几乎从不。我觉得它对我的学习不好。 Usually通常；Hardly几乎不；Always总是；Often经常。根据“I think it is bad for my study.”可知，觉得玩电脑游戏对学习不好，所以应该是几乎不玩，应填Hardly。 6．More trees should be planted in the city to make the air cleaner. We all need to ________! A．take off B．take out C．take away D．take action 【答案】D 【详解】句意：城市中应该种植更多的树木以使空气更清新。我们都需要采取行动！ take off脱掉；take out取出；take away拿走；take action采取行动。“We all need to ________!”是在呼吁大家为改善环境“采取行动”，应填take action。 7．—Will you vote ________ the plan that aims to reduce water waste ________ 20%? —Yes, I will. It’s a practical way to save resources. A．for; by B．against; by C．for; to D．against; to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你会投票支持旨在将水资源浪费减少20%的计划吗？——是的，我会的。这是节约资源的一种实用方法。 vote for支持；vote against反对；by表示“相差的程度”；to表示“到，向，朝着”。根据答句“Yes, I will. It’s a practical way to save resources.”可知，此处表示“支持”这个计划，所以第一个空应填for；根据“reduce water waste...20%”可知，此处表示“将水资源浪费减少20%”，所以第二个空应填by。 8．My teacher together with my parents ________ me and they ________ their work. A．are strict with; are strict in B．is strict in; are strict with C．is strict with; are strict in D．are strict with; are strict with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的老师连同我的父母对我很严格，并且他们对工作很严格。 第一空表示“对某人严格”，对应be strict with sb.，主语中心词是My teacher，together with连接的名词不作主语，谓语动词随前面主语变化，用单数is；第二空表示“对某事严格”，对应be strict in sth.，主语是they，谓语动词用复数are。 9．—When can I go out to play with my father, Mum? —Not until your father’s project ________, dear. A．will be finished B．is finished C．will finish D．has finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我什么时候可以和爸爸出去玩？——直到你爸爸的项目完成，亲爱的。 “project”和“finish”是被动关系，因此用被动语态，排除C和D；until引导的时间状语遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，因此是“is finished”。 10．The new environmental law ________ next year. A．will pass B．will be passed C．passes D．is passed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：新的环保法明年将被通过。 根据时间状语“next year”可知，句子时态为一般将来时；主语The new environmental law与动词pass之间是被动关系，意为法律“被通过”。一般将来时的被动语态结构为will be + 过去分词。故选B。 11．—How is the new community wetland project going? —Very well. ________ volunteers have joined us to help plant the water plants. A．Too much B．A little C．Plenty of D．Much 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 新的社区湿地项目进展如何？—— 非常好。大量志愿者加入我们，帮忙种植水生植物。   volunteers是可数名词复数，前面需要修饰可数复数的数量词。Plenty of 既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词，表示“充足的，大量的”，符合句意。Too much修饰不可数名词，不能修饰volunteers。A little修饰不可数名词，表示“少量”，不适合。Much修饰不可数名词。因此，正确选项是Plenty of。 12．It’s a good way to _________ how many minutes your child spends talking on their cell and texting. A．take B．spend C．costs D．control 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这是一个控制你的孩子花费多少分钟打电话和发短信的好方法。 take花费；spend花费；costs花费；control控制。根据“how many minutes your child spends”可知此处指管理时间，且不定式to后接动词原形，排除C；A、B语义不符。 13．Our country has rolled out weight ________ programs. They aim to improve people’s health by encouraging proper diet and exercise. A．agreement B．excitement C．development D．management 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我国已经推出了体重管理项目。其旨在通过鼓励合理饮食和锻炼来改善人们的健康。 Agreement协议；excitement兴奋；development发展；management管理。根据“They aim to improve people’s health by encouraging proper diet and exercise.”可知，通过合理饮食和锻炼来改善健康，属于对身体进行管理的范畴。故选D。 14．—Why did the doctor let him open his mouth ________? —To check his throat. And this way is ________ used by doctors. A．widely; widely B．wide; wide C．wide; widely D．widely; wide 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——为什么医生让他把嘴张得那么大？——为了检查他的喉咙。而且这种方法被医生们广泛使用。 wide作副词意为“充分地”，侧重具体动作的幅度，常与open连用；widely意为“广泛地”，侧重抽象范围，常修饰used等过去分词。第一空表示张嘴幅度大，用wide；第二空表示方法被广泛使用，用widely。 15．— The Chinese football team failed to enter the World Cup again. — ________ I am not a big fan of football. A．No doubt! B．You have got a point! C．Are you serious? D．It makes no difference to me. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——中国足球队再次未能进入世界杯。——这对我来说没什么区别。我不是足球的忠实粉丝。 No doubt!毫无疑问；You have got a point!你说得有道理；Are you serious?你是认真的吗；It makes no difference to me.这对我来说无所谓/没影响。根据“I am not a big fan of football.”可知，说话人对足球不感兴趣，因此前句应表达此事对自己没有影响。A、B、C 项分别用于表达肯定、赞同观点或表示惊讶，均不符合语境。D项表达无所谓的态度，符合逻辑。 二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分) 阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Recycling is not only good for the environment, but also gives something that seems not so valuable a chance to be something else. Mateo Lange, a 15-year-old boy from Michigan, US, is bringing 16 to the environment and his community through his weekend recycling efforts. At 11 years old, while playing baseball, Lange 17 his team needed money for competitions. He soon came up with a plan. In Michigan, cans and bottles can be 18 and redeemed (兑换) for money. The amount is 10 cents per item and is added as an extra fee (费用) at the time of buying to 19 litter and protect the environment. With the help of his 20 , Lange started a recycling programme, raising $7,500 in just a few weeks. “We’ve raised so much money, 21 why not continue as long as we can?” he said. This success made him 22 and encouraged him to continue the project with his father. In 2019, Michigan stopped its recycling programme, leading to bottles and cans 23 accumulating (堆积) in people’s homes. Lange’s recycling 24 offered a solution. With his father’s help, they helped people get rid of their recyclables and 25 did pickups from people’s homes. “I’d just run out, knock on the door and say, ‘I’m here to 26 litter.’ I’d catch the bags and pull them to the truck,” Lange said. Since 2020, Lange’s recycling plan has raised $350,000 and helped over 50 local youth groups. Besides, it has prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans 27 polluting Michigan’s roadsides, lakes and rivers. “It has kept our community a lot 28 ,” Lange said. In 2023, Lange received the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, recognizing 29 environmental efforts and community impact (影响). He believed the world would become a much better place. Lange always said, “Be 30 . Have an idea and build on it,” whenever he was asked about his cleanup achievements. 16．A．chances B．risks C．benefits D．problems 17．A．hoped B．realized C．promised D．decided 18．A．chosen B．bought C．offered D．collected 19．A．produce B．reduce C．check D．share 20．A．father B．mother C．teacher D．classmate 21．A．while B．but C．so D．or 22．A．nervous B．positive C．silent D．curious 23．A．normally B．simply C．quickly D．hardly 24．A．walk B．dream C．secret D．programme 25．A．even B．just C．still D．never 26．A．cut down B．hand out C．pick up D．pay for 27．A．from B．with C．by D．about 28．A．quieter B．cleaner C．stranger D．safer 29．A．our B．its C．their D．his 30．A．healthy B．creative C．careful D．polite 【答案】16．C 17．B 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．C 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国少年Mateo Lange通过回收利用项目，为环境和社区带来益处，同时帮助团队筹集资金、改善环境的故事。 16．句意：来自美国密歇根州的15岁男孩Mateo Lange，正通过他周末的回收努力，为环境和他的社区带来益处。 chances机会；risks风险；benefits益处；problems问题。根据“Recycling is not only good for the environment, but also gives something that seems not so valuable a chance to be something else.”可知，回收活动是能带来益处的。故选C。 17．句意：11岁时，在打棒球时，Lange意识到他的团队需要钱来参加比赛。 hoped希望；realized意识到；promised承诺；decided决定。根据“while playing baseball”可知，需要钱来参加比赛这件事是在打棒球时突然意识到的。故选B。 18．句意：在密歇根州，罐子和瓶子可以被收集并兑换成钱。 chosen选择；bought买；offered提供；collected收集。根据“redeemed (兑换) for money”可知，是先收集瓶子和罐子再兑换。故选D。 19．句意：每个物品的金额是10美分，当时购买是作为额外费用，用于减少垃圾和保护环境。 produce生产；reduce减少；check检查；share分享。根据“protect the environment.”可知，减少垃圾能保护环境。故选B。 20．句意：在他父亲的帮助下，Lange启动了一个回收项目，几周内就筹集了7500美元。 father父亲；mother母亲；teacher老师；classmate同学。根据“encouraged him to continue the project with his father.”可知，帮助他的是父亲。故选A。 21．句意：“我们已经筹集了这么多钱，所以为什么不尽可能长时间地继续下去呢？” 他说。 while当……时；but但是；so所以；or或者。空后句是前句的结果，用so连接。故选C。 22．句意：这次成功让他变得积极，并鼓励他和父亲继续这个项目。 nervous紧张的；positive积极的；silent沉默的；curious好奇的。根据“and encouraged him to continue the project with his father”可知，这次成功给他带来了好的影响，让他变得很积极。故选B。 23．句意：2019年，密歇根州停止了回收项目，导致瓶子和罐子在人们家里迅速堆积。 normally通常；simply简单地；quickly迅速地；hardly几乎不。根据“Michigan stopped its recycling programme”可知，回收项目停止，家里收集的垃圾会迅速堆积。故选C。 24．句意：Lange的回收项目提供了一个解决方案。 walk散步；dream梦想；secret秘密；programme项目。根据“Lange started a recycling programme”可知，此处指Lange的回收项目。故选D。 25．句意：在父亲的帮助下，他们帮助人们处理可回收物，甚至从人们家里上门回收。 even甚至；just仅仅，只；still仍然；never从不。根据“did pickups from people’s homes”可知，Lange不仅帮助处理可回收物品，甚至还去家里收垃圾。此处表示递进关系。故选A。 26．句意：“我会跑出去，敲门说‘我来捡垃圾的。’我会抓起袋子，把它们拉到卡车上。”Lange说。 cut down削减；hand out分发；pick up捡起，拾起；pay for支付。根据“did pickups from people’s homes”可知，此处指捡起垃圾。故选C。 27．句意：此外，它还防止了超过200万个瓶子和罐子污染密歇根州的路边、湖泊和河流。 from来自；with和；by通过；about关于。prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”。故选A。 28．句意：“它让我们的社区变得更干净了，”Lange说。 quieter更安静的；cleaner更干净的；stranger更奇怪的；safer更安全的。根据“it has prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans ... polluting Michigan’s roadsides, lakes and rivers”可知，污染少了，社区更干净了。故选B。 29．句意：2023年，Lange获得了格洛丽亚·巴伦青年英雄奖，以表彰他的环保努力和社区影响。 our我们的；its它的；their他们的；his他的。此处指代Lange的个人努力，用“his”。故选D。 30．句意：每当被问及他的清洁成就时，Lange总是说：“要有创造力。有一个想法并在此基础上发展。” healthy健康的；creative有创造力的；careful仔细的；polite礼貌的。根据“Have an idea and build on it”可知，有创造力才会有想法。故选B。 三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，计30分) 阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A www.pearlrivercruise.com/info If you’re going to plant a tree, thank you! Adding even one new tree is good for our environment. But how do you plant the tree to make sure it grows? Read on for some tips. Before planting -Choose a healthy tree. The tree can grow naturally in your local climate, and you should plant it in the fall or early spring. -Choose an open, flat place away from buildings or power lines. -Make sure the tree gets no less than 6 hours of sunlight daily. How to plant Water the soil on the planting day before you dig the hole. Dig a hole of the width (宽度) 2-3 times the diameter (直径) of the root ball and the same depth (深度) as it. Put the root ball into the hole and fill in the hole with the soil. Water the tree deeply. 31．When is the best time to plant a tree? A．Autumn B．Late spring. C．Early summer D．Winter. 32．Which is the best place to plant a tree? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 33．Where can you find the article? A．From a letter. B．From a magazine. C．From a website. D．From a book. 【答案】31．A 32．C 33．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了种树的相关知识，包括种树的最佳时间、种树的地点选择以及种树的具体步骤，为想要种树的人提供了一些实用建议。 31．文中“Before planting”部分提到“you should plant it in the fall or early spring”，明确指出种树应该在秋天或早春，所以种树的最佳时间是秋天。 32．文中“Before planting”部分提到“Choose an open, flat place away from buildings or power lines.”和“Make sure the tree gets no less than 6 hours of sunlight daily.”表明，选项C“③”的位置符合文中描述场地选择。 33．文章开头给出了网址“http://www.pearlrivercruise.com/info”，由此可以推断这篇文章来自网站。 B The Dead Sea is not a real sea. It is a large salt lake. It is in western Asia, between Jordan (约旦) and other countries. It is very special. It is the lowest place on Earth’s land. Its surface is about 416 meters below sea level. The Dead Sea is long and not very wide. It is about 86 kilometers long and 5 to 18 kilometers wide. The Jordan River runs into it. But no rivers run out of the Dead Sea. The water here is very salty. It is much saltier than other sea water. That’s why most fish and plants cannot live in it. Only some very small living things can live here. So people call it “the Dead Sea”. The salty water makes people float (漂浮) easily. You do not need to swim. You can just lie on the water and read a book! Many visitors come here every year to enjoy this great feeling. The Dead Sea mud (泥) is also very good for the skin, so many people like to take mud baths here. But the Dead Sea is facing problems now. Its water is becoming smaller and smaller. People take too much water from the Jordan River for farming and everyday use. The warm weather also makes the water decrease less quickly. We must try to protect this great natural wonder. 34．What is the Dead Sea according to the passage? A．A clean sea with many fish. B．A large salt lake in western Asia. C．A long river with little water. D．A small lake with cold water. 35．Why is the Dead Sea special in the world? A．Because it is the hottest place on Earth. B．Because it is the longest river in Asia. C．Because it has the most fish in the world. D．Because it is the lowest place on Earth’ land. 36．Why do people call it the “Dead Sea”? A．Because it is too cold for animals. B．Because there is no salt in its water. C．Because almost no visitors go there. D．Because most fish and plants can’t live in it. 37．What can people do easily in the Dead Sea? A．Swim fast like in a pool. B．Catch different kinds of fish. C．Float on the water freely. D．Grow vegetables near it. 【答案】34．B 35．D 36．D 37．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了死海的地理位置、特点、名称由来、浮力现象以及面临的威胁。 34．第一段开头几句：“The Dead Sea is not a real sea. It is a large salt lake. It is in western Asia”，指出，死海是西亚的一个大盐湖。 35．第一段最后两句：“It is the lowest place on Earth’s land. Its surface is about 416 meters below sea level”指出，死海的特殊之处在于它是地球上陆地的最低点。 36．第三段句子：“The water here is very salty... That’s why most fish and plants cannot live in it. Only some very small living things can live here. So people call it ‘the Dead Sea’”，表明死海得名是因为大多数鱼和植物无法生存。 37．第四段句子：“The salty water makes people float easily. You do not need to swim. You can just lie on the water and read a book!”，表明人们可以在死海的水面上轻松漂浮。 C More and more schools in China are starting to do garbage sorting (垃圾分类), and No.2 Middle School in Nantong is one of them. Since September 2024, the school has carried out a garbage sorting activity to teach students about environmental protection and sustainable development (可持续发展). The school has put different colored garbage bins in every classroom and on the playground. Green bins are for kitchen waste, blue for recyclable waste, red for harmful waste, and grey for other waste. The teachers teach students how to sort different kinds of garbage and why it’s important. For example, recyclable waste like paper and plastic can be made into new things, and harmful waste like batteries can pollute the earth if not sorted properly. To make the activity more interesting, the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month. Students need to sort different kinds of garbage quickly and correctly. The winning class gets a small prize, like a green plant or a book about the environment. Many students said the competition makes them remember the sorting rules better. So far, the school’s garbage sorting activity has been very successful. The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%, and the amount of harmful waste has been sorted correctly by over 90%. The headmaster said, “Garbage sorting is a small thing, but it’s a big step for environmental protection. We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families. In this way, more people can join in the environmental protection work.” 38．What color of garbage bin is for recyclable waste in No.2 Middle School? A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. D．Grey. 39．What does the school do to make the garbage sorting activity more interesting? A．It puts garbage bins in every classroom. B．It teaches students the sorting rules. C．It gives students a lot of money as a prize. D．It holds a garbage sorting competition every month. 40．How much has the amount of recyclable waste increased in the school? A．By 30%. B．By 40%. C．By 90%. D．By 100%. 41．What does the headmaster hope the students can do? A．To only sort garbage at school. B．To forget the garbage sorting rules after the activity. C．To form a garbage sorting habit and take it home. D．To take part in more competitions and win prizes. 【答案】38．B 39．D 40．B 41．C 【导语】本文讲述了南通第二中学自2024年9月起开展垃圾分类活动，通过设置不同颜色的垃圾桶、教授分类知识、举办月度竞赛等措施，取得了显著成效，旨在培养学生的环保习惯并带动家庭参与。 38．文章第二段指出“blue for recyclable waste”，直接说明了蓝色垃圾桶用于可回收垃圾。 39．文章第三段提及“the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month”，表明学校通过每月举办垃圾分类竞赛来增加活动趣味性。 40．文章第四段明确说明“The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%”，直接给出了可回收垃圾增加的比例。 41．文章第四段校长提到“We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families”，表明校长希望学生养成垃圾分类习惯并影响家庭。 D A report shows that each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste in China. Where does the waste go? People usually burn or bury (埋) it. We also receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part? Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way? Waste pollutes the environment, harms people’s health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can’t make money at the cost of the environment. We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations (代，辈). China is getting really serious about waste now. We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity (电) factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases or water will get into the environment. The Chinese government is encouraging people to separate waste into different groups. Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting (分类) systems. More will join them soon. More and more people are developing the habit of separating their waste. 42．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．telling stories B．making comparisons (比较)C．raising questions D．giving suggestions 43．The underlined word “sustainable” in Paragraph 2 means “________” in Chinese. A．可享受的 B．可持续的 C．可借鉴的 D．可复活的 44．From the last three paragraphs, we can learn that ________. A．China has stopped 24 kinds of waste entering our country for years B．all the people are forming the habit of separating waste in China C．no harmful gases or water will be able to get into the environment D．China is paying more and more attention to the waste at present 45．The structure of the passage may be ________. A． B． C． D． 【答案】42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国城市垃圾的产生、处理现状，包括垃圾的危害、中国对垃圾问题的重视、垃圾的再利用以及垃圾分类等措施。 42．第一段提到“A report shows that each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste in China. Where does the waste go? People usually burn or bury (埋) it. We also receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part? Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way?”，作者通过提出一系列关于垃圾去向和处理方式是否合适的问题来开启文章。 43．第二段提到“It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can’t make money at the cost of the environment. We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations (代，辈).”，结合语境可知，不能以牺牲环境为代价来赚钱，要给子孙后代留下清洁的水和青山，说明这种发展不能破坏环境，要能持续下去，“sustainable”意思是“可持续的”。 44．第四段提到“From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made.”，不是停止多年，A选项错误；第六段提到“More and more people are developing the habit of separating their waste.”，不是所有人都有垃圾分类的习惯，B选项错误；第五段提到“No harmful gases or water will get into the environment.”是在说垃圾发电厂这种绿色方式下，不是所有情况都没有有害气体和水进入环境，C选项错误；第三段提到“China is getting really serious about waste now.”，结合后文中国采取的一系列措施，可知中国目前越来越重视垃圾问题，D选项正确。 45．第一段提出关于垃圾的问题；第二段阐述垃圾的危害；第三段表明中国现在对垃圾问题很重视；第四、五、六段分别从减少国外垃圾输入、垃圾再利用、垃圾分类等方面具体说明中国对垃圾问题的重视和采取的措施。所以文章结构是P1/P2/P3/P4P5P6。 四、词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1分，计10分) 根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。 46．People should take action at once to protect our natural ________ (资源). 【答案】resources 【详解】句意：人们应该立即采取行动保护我们的自然资源。“资源”对应英文单词resource。固定搭配natural resources，表示“自然资源”时用复数，故填resources。 47．To ________(减少) white pollution, we’d better use cloth bags when we go shopping. 【答案】reduce 【详解】句意：为减少白色污染，我们购物时最好使用布袋。“减少”此处对应reduce。 48．________ (根据) to the weather report, there will be heavy rain tomorrow. 【答案】According 【详解】句意：根据天气预报，明天将有大雨。表示“根据”的短语是“according to”，因为在句首，首字母大写。 49．We can’t make a campfire here as it may spread and cause ________ (损坏) to the forests. 【答案】damage 【详解】句意：我们不能在这里生篝火，因为它可能会蔓延并对森林造成破坏。“损坏”的英文为damage，为不可数名词，cause damage to意为“对……造成破坏”。 50．The energy is clean and won’t ________ (污染) the air, which is good for the environment. 【答案】pollute 【详解】句意：这种能源是清洁的，不会污染空气，这对环境有益。won’t是will not的缩写，情态动词will后接动词原形，“污染”的英文是pollute，因此用原形。 51．Thanks to the volunteers’ hard work, the park is now free of ________ (rubbish). 【答案】rubbish 【详解】句意：多亏了志愿者们的辛勤工作，这个公园现在没有垃圾了。句中free of为固定搭配，意为“没有……，摆脱……”，介词of后需接名词作宾语。rubbish为不可数名词，无复数形式。     52．She ________ (cough) a lot during the meeting this morning because of a bad cold. 【答案】coughed 【详解】句意：因为重感冒，她今天早上在会议期间咳嗽得很厉害。时间状语this morning表示过去，句子用一般过去时；cough的过去式为coughed。 53．The new working plan ________ (discuss) again at tomorrow’s meeting if necessary. 【答案】will be discussed 【详解】句意：如有必要，新的工作计划将在明天的会议上再次讨论。时间状语tomorrow’s meeting表示将来，主语the new working plan与动词discuss之间是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be+过去分词，discuss的过去分词为discussed。 54．The ________ (important) of protecting wetlands is taught in our school. 【答案】importance 【详解】句意：保护湿地的重要性在我们学校被传授。此处位于定冠词The之后、介词of之前，需用名词，important的名词形式是importance。 55．The new factory promises that it will not produce ________ (harm) gases to pollute the air. 【答案】harmful 【详解】句意：这家新工厂承诺不会产生有害气体污染空气。句中“gases”为名词，需要用形容词修饰，结合“pollute the air”可知，此处使用“harm”的形容词形式 harmful，意为“有害的”。 五、阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Traditional farming often uses a lot of chemical fertilizers (化肥) and pesticides (农药), which are harmful to the environment. Now, a new type of farming called “ecological farming” (生态农业) is becoming popular in some areas of Jiangsu Province. Ecological farming combines traditional farming methods with modern technology. Farmers use natural materials instead of chemicals. For example, they use animal waste as fertilizer and plant special plants to keep pests away. They also grow different crops together to improve the soil quality. This type of farming has many benefits. First, it protects the environment. No chemicals are used, so the soil and water are not polluted. Second, the food produced is healthier and safer for people to eat. Third, it saves energy and resources. Farmers don’t need to buy expensive chemicals, which reduces their costs. Mr. Wang, a farmer who practices ecological farming, said, “My vegetables are very popular in the market. Customers are willing to pay a higher price because they know the food is safe. And I don’t have to worry about polluting the environment anymore.” Now, more and more farmers are learning about ecological farming. The local government also provides training and support to help them. Ecological farming is a win-win for both farmers and the environment. 56．What is the problem of traditional farming? 57．What is ecological farming? 58．What do farmers use as fertilizer in ecological farming? 59．Why are Mr. Wang’s vegetables popular in the market? 60．What support does the local government provide to farmers? 【答案】56．It harms the environment. 57．It combines traditional and modern farming. 58．Animal waste. 59．Because the food is safe. 60．Training and support. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了江苏省部分地区兴起的生态农业。 56．根据原文“Traditional farming often uses a lot of chemical fertilizers (化肥) and pesticides (农药), which are harmful to the environment.”可知，传统农业的问题是会对环境造成危害，故填It harms the environment. 57．根据原文“Ecological farming combines traditional farming methods with modern technology.”可知，生态农业是将传统耕作方法与现代技术相结合的新型农业，故填It combines traditional and modern farming. 58．根据原文“For example, they use animal waste as fertilizer and plant special plants to keep pests away.”可知，生态农业中农民用动物粪便作为肥料，故填Animal waste. 59．根据原文“Mr. Wang, a farmer who practices ecological farming, said, ‘My vegetables are very popular in the market. Customers are willing to pay a higher price because they know the food is safe.’”可知，王师傅的蔬菜在市场受欢迎是因为这些食物是安全的，故填Because the food is safe. 60．根据原文“The local government also provides training and support to help them.”可知，当地政府为农民提供培训和支持，故填Training and support. 六、缺词填空(共10空；每空1分，计10分) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词) “Reduce, reuse, recycle” these are the three Rs that environmental activists have stressed. But how can we realize them? Recently, this idea has c 61 to life in a famous attraction in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu Province. With the arrival of the tourist season, the attraction has been c 62 with visitors around 20,000 a day since July. With so many people, the challenge of dealing with r 63 has become more serious, putting cleaners under pressure. So, the attraction came up with a fun way to help: “Trash-hunt-for-gifts.” Here’s how it works: Visitors are given trash bags and encouraged to pick up litter around the site. In r 64 they get small gifts showing Dunhuang’s rich culture. Isn’t this another good way to show the three Rs spirit? I still remember going to some tourist attractions, especially h 65 sites which have hundreds of years of history are gathered by people in such a small area. At these places, littering is something we always have to try hard to deal w 66 . Not only does it influence the cleanliness of a site, but it is also likely to harm the natural environment. So, when I saw how the “Trash-hunt-for-gifts” program was carried out, it was clear this way was more than just a trick to a 67 attention. It was truly an effort to encourage a culture of responsibility and care. The activity does more than just cleaning up the area. It changes every visitor into an environmental guard, taking part in p 68 the beauty of the site. Over 15,000 tourists have been m 69 of “the Trash-hunt-for-gifts” since 2024. Other places in China are also doing similar things. It’s great to see that tourists are not just enjoying the sights, but also helping to protect them. T 70 tourists into environmental guards is a new and exciting way to keep our scenic spots clean and beautiful for everyone to enjoy. 【答案】61．come/ome 62．crowded/rowded 63．rubbish/ubbish 64．return/eturn 65．historical/istorical/historic/istoric 66．with/ith 67．attract/ttract 68．protecting/rotecting 69．members/embers 70．Turning/urning 【导语】本文主要讲述了甘肃敦煌某著名景点推出的“捡垃圾换礼品”活动。 61．句意：最近，这一理念在中国西北甘肃省敦煌的一处著名景点中成为了现实。固定搭配come to life意为“成为现实、生动起来”，结合时间状语Recently及助动词has，需用现在完成时，come的过去分词为come，首字母c对应come。 62．句意：随着旅游季的到来，自7月以来，该景点每天都挤满了约2万名游客。固定搭配be crowded with意为“挤满、充满”，符合旅游季游客众多的语境。此处为现在完成时的被动结构“has been crowded with”，首字母c对应crowded。 63．句意：如此多的游客使得垃圾处理的挑战愈发严峻，给清洁人员带来了压力。结合前文“litter(垃圾)”、“cleaners(清洁人员)” 等语境，此处指“垃圾”，首字母r对应rubbish，不可数名词，表示泛指。 64．句意：作为回报，他们会获得展现敦煌丰富文化的小礼品。固定搭配in return意为“作为回报”，对应前文游客捡垃圾、景区送礼品的逻辑，首字母r对应return。 65．句意：我仍记得去过的一些旅游景点，尤其是那些有着数百年历史、人群在狭小区域聚集的历史遗迹。空格后“sites which have hundreds of years of history(有数百年历史的遗址)”提示此处为“历史的”，需用形容词修饰名词sites，首字母h对应historical或historic，表示“历史悠久的”。 66．句意：在这些地方，乱扔垃圾是我们一直要努力应对的问题。固定搭配deal with意为“处理、应对”，首字母w对应with。 67．句意：当我看到“捡垃圾换礼品”活动的开展时，很明显这种方式不仅仅是吸引注意力的噱头。固定搭配attract attention意为“吸引注意力”，不定式符号to后接动词原形，首字母a对应attract。 68．句意：它将每一位游客都转变为环保卫士，参与保护景点的美景。固定搭配take part in doing sth.意为“参与做某事”，in后接动名词；结合“环保卫士”、“美景”的语境，此处为“保护”，首字母p对应protecting。 69．句意：自2024年以来，已有超过1.5万名游客参与了“捡垃圾换礼品”活动。固定搭配be members of意为“成为……的参与者/成员”，主语“Over 15,000 tourists”为复数，首字母m对应members。 70．句意：将游客转变为环保卫士，是一种全新且令人振奋的方式，让我们的景区保持干净美丽，供所有人欣赏。空处作句子主语，需用动名词形式；结合前文“changes every visitor into an environmental guard”的语境，此处为“转变”，固定搭配turn...into...表示“把……转变为……”。故填Turning。 七、书面表达(计30分) A. 句子翻译(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分) 将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。 71．人们不许砍树，否则会受到惩罚。 【答案】People aren’t allowed to cut down trees. Otherwise, they will be punished. 【详解】人们：people；不允许做某事：be not allowed to do sth；时态用一般现在时，people作主语，be动词用are，否定缩写为aren’t；砍树：cut down trees；否则：otherwise；他们：they；受到惩罚：be punished，时态为一般将来时，结构为will do。故填People aren’t allowed to cut down trees. Otherwise, they will be punished. 72．一到那里，就会把你们分成四个组。 _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】You will be divided into four groups as soon as you arrive/get there./As soon as you arrive/get there, you will be divided into four groups. 【详解】as soon as“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句主句you是第二人称，动词用原形；arrive/get there“到那里”；主句主语you与动词divide构成被动关系，且主句用一般将来时，所以主句要用一般将来时will be done的结构；divide into“划分成”；four groups“四组”，故填You will be divided into four groups as soon as you arrive/get there./As soon as you arrive/get there, you will be divided into four groups. 73．在那个时候，她别无选择，只能依靠自己。 【答案】At that time, she had no choice but to depend on herself. 【详解】在那个时候at that time，是一般过去时的时间状语；她she ；别无选择，只能做某事have no choice but to do sth，结合句子时态将have改成had；依靠自己depend on oneself，本句主语是she，反身代词用herself。故填She had no choice but to depend on herself at that time. 74．老师的话对这个孩子产生了很大的影响。 【答案】What the teacher said made a great difference to the child. / The teacher’s words made a great difference to the child. 【详解】根据中文句意提示时态为一般过去时，“have a great influence”或“make a great difference”对某人有很大的影响；老师的话可用what引导的主语从句“What the teacher says/said”，也可以用名词所有格“The teacher’s words”。故填What the teacher said makes/made a great difference to the child. / The teacher’s words made a great difference to the child. 75．我们的父母这周末将会被邀请到学校。 【答案】Our parents will be invited to the school this weekend. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句时态为一般将来时，且主语和谓语是被动关系，需使用一般将来时的被动语态。“我们的父母”英文为“Our parents”，复数名词短语作主语；“将会被邀请”使用一般将来时被动语态，即“will be invited”，“invited”是动词“invite” 的过去分词，表被动含义；“到学校”翻译为“to the school”，介词短语作地点状语；“这周末”英文为“this weekend”，作时间状语，故填Our parents will be invited to the school this weekend. B. 写作(计20分) 76．假设你是李华，你们学校正在开展 “环保从我做起” 的主题活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语倡议书，呼吁同学们积极参与环保行动。 提示： 节约资源（节约用水、用电，随手关灯、关水龙头）； 减少污染（拒绝一次性用品，绿色出行）； 废物利用（垃圾分类，旧物捐赠或回收）； 呼吁大家一起行动，保护地球。 要求： 词数 80-100； 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文： Dear classmates, Our school is holding the “Environmental Protection Starts with Me” activity. Protecting the earth is our common duty. First, save resources. Turn off lights and taps immediately when not in use to save electricity and water. Second, reduce pollution, refuse single-use products like plastic bags and choose green travel such as walking or cycling. Third, reuse waste by sorting rubbish properly and donating or recycling old items. Small actions make a big difference. Let’s take action now and work together to build a greener world! Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：主要为一般现在时； ③提示：围绕“环保从我做起”主题，按节约资源、减少污染、废物利用三方面提出具体行动建议，最后发出呼吁。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出活动主题。说明学校开展环保活动，指出保护地球是共同责任； 第二步，提出具体建议。从节约资源、减少污染、废物再利用三个方面给出做法； 第三步，发出倡议。呼吁大家行动起来，共建绿色世界。 [亮点词汇] ①environmental protection环保 ②save resources节约资源 ③tap水龙头 ④electricity电 ⑤reduce pollution减少污染 ⑥single-use products一次性用品 ⑦reuse废物再利用 ⑧sort rubbish垃圾分类 [高分句型] Protecting the earth is our common duty.（动名词作主语） Let’s take action now and work together to build a greener world!（动词不定式作目的状语） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自试（江苏扬州专用） Unit 8·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：120分） 一、单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分) 在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。 1．— What do you think of ________ 2026 Yangzhou Jianzhen Half Marathon? — Fantastic! It’s ________ excellent chance for runners to challenge themselves A．The; an B．A; / C．The; a D．A; the 2．It’s important to ________ waste to save resources. A．recycle B．reuse C．produce D．renew 3．Jim spent the whole weekend playing games and didn’t finish his homework, so his father decided to ________ him by not letting him watch TV this week. A．connect B．punish C．admire D．create 4．The story is ________ known by people all over the country. A．widely B．wide C．broadly D．extensively 5．—Mike, how often do you play computer games? —________ ever. I think it is bad for my study. A．Usually B．Hardly C．Always D．Often 6．More trees should be planted in the city to make the air cleaner. We all need to ________! A．take off B．take out C．take away D．take action 7．—Will you vote ________ the plan that aims to reduce water waste ________ 20%? —Yes, I will. It’s a practical way to save resources. A．for; by B．against; by C．for; to D．against; to 8．My teacher together with my parents ________ me and they ________ their work. A．are strict with; are strict in B．is strict in; are strict with C．is strict with; are strict in D．are strict with; are strict with 9．—When can I go out to play with my father, Mum? —Not until your father’s project ________, dear. A．will be finished B．is finished C．will finish D．has finished 10．The new environmental law ________ next year. A．will pass B．will be passed C．passes D．is passed 11．—How is the new community wetland project going? —Very well. ________ volunteers have joined us to help plant the water plants. A．Too much B．A little C．Plenty of D．Much 12．It’s a good way to _________ how many minutes your child spends talking on their cell and texting. A．take B．spend C．costs D．control 13．Our country has rolled out weight ________ programs. They aim to improve people’s health by encouraging proper diet and exercise. A．agreement B．excitement C．development D．management 14．—Why did the doctor let him open his mouth ________? —To check his throat. And this way is ________ used by doctors. A．widely; widely B．wide; wide C．wide; widely D．widely; wide 15．— The Chinese football team failed to enter the World Cup again. — ________ I am not a big fan of football. A．No doubt! B．You have got a point! C．Are you serious? D．It makes no difference to me. 二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分) 阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Recycling is not only good for the environment, but also gives something that seems not so valuable a chance to be something else. Mateo Lange, a 15-year-old boy from Michigan, US, is bringing 16 to the environment and his community through his weekend recycling efforts. At 11 years old, while playing baseball, Lange 17 his team needed money for competitions. He soon came up with a plan. In Michigan, cans and bottles can be 18 and redeemed (兑换) for money. The amount is 10 cents per item and is added as an extra fee (费用) at the time of buying to 19 litter and protect the environment. With the help of his 20 , Lange started a recycling programme, raising $7,500 in just a few weeks. “We’ve raised so much money, 21 why not continue as long as we can?” he said. This success made him 22 and encouraged him to continue the project with his father. In 2019, Michigan stopped its recycling programme, leading to bottles and cans 23 accumulating (堆积) in people’s homes. Lange’s recycling 24 offered a solution. With his father’s help, they helped people get rid of their recyclables and 25 did pickups from people’s homes. “I’d just run out, knock on the door and say, ‘I’m here to 26 litter.’ I’d catch the bags and pull them to the truck,” Lange said. Since 2020, Lange’s recycling plan has raised $350,000 and helped over 50 local youth groups. Besides, it has prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans 27 polluting Michigan’s roadsides, lakes and rivers. “It has kept our community a lot 28 ,” Lange said. In 2023, Lange received the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, recognizing 29 environmental efforts and community impact (影响). He believed the world would become a much better place. Lange always said, “Be 30 . Have an idea and build on it,” whenever he was asked about his cleanup achievements. 16．A．chances B．risks C．benefits D．problems 17．A．hoped B．realized C．promised D．decided 18．A．chosen B．bought C．offered D．collected 19．A．produce B．reduce C．check D．share 20．A．father B．mother C．teacher D．classmate 21．A．while B．but C．so D．or 22．A．nervous B．positive C．silent D．curious 23．A．normally B．simply C．quickly D．hardly 24．A．walk B．dream C．secret D．programme 25．A．even B．just C．still D．never 26．A．cut down B．hand out C．pick up D．pay for 27．A．from B．with C．by D．about 28．A．quieter B．cleaner C．stranger D．safer 29．A．our B．its C．their D．his 30．A．healthy B．creative C．careful D．polite 三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，计30分) 阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A www.pearlrivercruise.com/info If you’re going to plant a tree, thank you! Adding even one new tree is good for our environment. But how do you plant the tree to make sure it grows? Read on for some tips. Before planting -Choose a healthy tree. The tree can grow naturally in your local climate, and you should plant it in the fall or early spring. -Choose an open, flat place away from buildings or power lines. -Make sure the tree gets no less than 6 hours of sunlight daily. How to plant Water the soil on the planting day before you dig the hole. Dig a hole of the width (宽度) 2-3 times the diameter (直径) of the root ball and the same depth (深度) as it. Put the root ball into the hole and fill in the hole with the soil. Water the tree deeply. 31．When is the best time to plant a tree? A．Autumn B．Late spring. C．Early summer D．Winter. 32．Which is the best place to plant a tree? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 33．Where can you find the article? A．From a letter. B．From a magazine. C．From a website. D．From a book. B The Dead Sea is not a real sea. It is a large salt lake. It is in western Asia, between Jordan (约旦) and other countries. It is very special. It is the lowest place on Earth’s land. Its surface is about 416 meters below sea level. The Dead Sea is long and not very wide. It is about 86 kilometers long and 5 to 18 kilometers wide. The Jordan River runs into it. But no rivers run out of the Dead Sea. The water here is very salty. It is much saltier than other sea water. That’s why most fish and plants cannot live in it. Only some very small living things can live here. So people call it “the Dead Sea”. The salty water makes people float (漂浮) easily. You do not need to swim. You can just lie on the water and read a book! Many visitors come here every year to enjoy this great feeling. The Dead Sea mud (泥) is also very good for the skin, so many people like to take mud baths here. But the Dead Sea is facing problems now. Its water is becoming smaller and smaller. People take too much water from the Jordan River for farming and everyday use. The warm weather also makes the water decrease less quickly. We must try to protect this great natural wonder. 34．What is the Dead Sea according to the passage? A．A clean sea with many fish. B．A large salt lake in western Asia. C．A long river with little water. D．A small lake with cold water. 35．Why is the Dead Sea special in the world? A．Because it is the hottest place on Earth. B．Because it is the longest river in Asia. C．Because it has the most fish in the world. D．Because it is the lowest place on Earth’ land. 36．Why do people call it the “Dead Sea”? A．Because it is too cold for animals. B．Because there is no salt in its water. C．Because almost no visitors go there. D．Because most fish and plants can’t live in it. 37．What can people do easily in the Dead Sea? A．Swim fast like in a pool. B．Catch different kinds of fish. C．Float on the water freely. D．Grow vegetables near it. C More and more schools in China are starting to do garbage sorting (垃圾分类), and No.2 Middle School in Nantong is one of them. Since September 2024, the school has carried out a garbage sorting activity to teach students about environmental protection and sustainable development (可持续发展). The school has put different colored garbage bins in every classroom and on the playground. Green bins are for kitchen waste, blue for recyclable waste, red for harmful waste, and grey for other waste. The teachers teach students how to sort different kinds of garbage and why it’s important. For example, recyclable waste like paper and plastic can be made into new things, and harmful waste like batteries can pollute the earth if not sorted properly. To make the activity more interesting, the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month. Students need to sort different kinds of garbage quickly and correctly. The winning class gets a small prize, like a green plant or a book about the environment. Many students said the competition makes them remember the sorting rules better. So far, the school’s garbage sorting activity has been very successful. The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%, and the amount of harmful waste has been sorted correctly by over 90%. The headmaster said, “Garbage sorting is a small thing, but it’s a big step for environmental protection. We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families. In this way, more people can join in the environmental protection work.” 38．What color of garbage bin is for recyclable waste in No.2 Middle School? A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. D．Grey. 39．What does the school do to make the garbage sorting activity more interesting? A．It puts garbage bins in every classroom. B．It teaches students the sorting rules. C．It gives students a lot of money as a prize. D．It holds a garbage sorting competition every month. 40．How much has the amount of recyclable waste increased in the school? A．By 30%. B．By 40%. C．By 90%. D．By 100%. 41．What does the headmaster hope the students can do? A．To only sort garbage at school. B．To forget the garbage sorting rules after the activity. C．To form a garbage sorting habit and take it home. D．To take part in more competitions and win prizes. D A report shows that each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste in China. Where does the waste go? People usually burn or bury (埋) it. We also receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part? Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way? Waste pollutes the environment, harms people’s health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can’t make money at the cost of the environment. We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations (代，辈). China is getting really serious about waste now. We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity (电) factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases or water will get into the environment. The Chinese government is encouraging people to separate waste into different groups. Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting (分类) systems. More will join them soon. More and more people are developing the habit of separating their waste. 42．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．telling stories B．making comparisons (比较)C．raising questions D．giving suggestions 43．The underlined word “sustainable” in Paragraph 2 means “________” in Chinese. A．可享受的 B．可持续的 C．可借鉴的 D．可复活的 44．From the last three paragraphs, we can learn that ________. A．China has stopped 24 kinds of waste entering our country for years B．all the people are forming the habit of separating waste in China C．no harmful gases or water will be able to get into the environment D．China is paying more and more attention to the waste at present 45．The structure of the passage may be ________. A． B． C． D． 四、词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1分，计10分) 根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。 46．People should take action at once to protect our natural ________ (资源). 47．To ________(减少) white pollution, we’d better use cloth bags when we go shopping. 48．________ (根据) to the weather report, there will be heavy rain tomorrow. 49．We can’t make a campfire here as it may spread and cause ________ (损坏) to the forests. 50．The energy is clean and won’t ________ (污染) the air, which is good for the environment. 51．Thanks to the volunteers’ hard work, the park is now free of ________ (rubbish). 52．She ________ (cough) a lot during the meeting this morning because of a bad cold. 53．The new working plan ________ (discuss) again at tomorrow’s meeting if necessary. 54．The ________ (important) of protecting wetlands is taught in our school. 55．The new factory promises that it will not produce ________ (harm) gases to pollute the air. 五、阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Traditional farming often uses a lot of chemical fertilizers (化肥) and pesticides (农药), which are harmful to the environment. Now, a new type of farming called “ecological farming” (生态农业) is becoming popular in some areas of Jiangsu Province. Ecological farming combines traditional farming methods with modern technology. Farmers use natural materials instead of chemicals. For example, they use animal waste as fertilizer and plant special plants to keep pests away. They also grow different crops together to improve the soil quality. This type of farming has many benefits. First, it protects the environment. No chemicals are used, so the soil and water are not polluted. Second, the food produced is healthier and safer for people to eat. Third, it saves energy and resources. Farmers don’t need to buy expensive chemicals, which reduces their costs. Mr. Wang, a farmer who practices ecological farming, said, “My vegetables are very popular in the market. Customers are willing to pay a higher price because they know the food is safe. And I don’t have to worry about polluting the environment anymore.” Now, more and more farmers are learning about ecological farming. The local government also provides training and support to help them. Ecological farming is a win-win for both farmers and the environment. 56．What is the problem of traditional farming? 57．What is ecological farming? 58．What do farmers use as fertilizer in ecological farming? 59．Why are Mr. Wang’s vegetables popular in the market? 60．What support does the local government provide to farmers? 六、缺词填空(共10空；每空1分，计10分) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词) “Reduce, reuse, recycle” these are the three Rs that environmental activists have stressed. But how can we realize them? Recently, this idea has c 61 to life in a famous attraction in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu Province. With the arrival of the tourist season, the attraction has been c 62 with visitors around 20,000 a day since July. With so many people, the challenge of dealing with r 63 has become more serious, putting cleaners under pressure. So, the attraction came up with a fun way to help: “Trash-hunt-for-gifts.” Here’s how it works: Visitors are given trash bags and encouraged to pick up litter around the site. In r 64 they get small gifts showing Dunhuang’s rich culture. Isn’t this another good way to show the three Rs spirit? I still remember going to some tourist attractions, especially h 65 sites which have hundreds of years of history are gathered by people in such a small area. At these places, littering is something we always have to try hard to deal w 66 . Not only does it influence the cleanliness of a site, but it is also likely to harm the natural environment. So, when I saw how the “Trash-hunt-for-gifts” program was carried out, it was clear this way was more than just a trick to a 67 attention. It was truly an effort to encourage a culture of responsibility and care. The activity does more than just cleaning up the area. It changes every visitor into an environmental guard, taking part in p 68 the beauty of the site. Over 15,000 tourists have been m 69 of “the Trash-hunt-for-gifts” since 2024. Other places in China are also doing similar things. It’s great to see that tourists are not just enjoying the sights, but also helping to protect them. T 70 tourists into environmental guards is a new and exciting way to keep our scenic spots clean and beautiful for everyone to enjoy. 七、书面表达(计30分) A. 句子翻译(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分) 将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。 71．人们不许砍树，否则会受到惩罚。 72．一到那里，就会把你们分成四个组。 _________________________________________________________________ 73．在那个时候，她别无选择，只能依靠自己。 74．老师的话对这个孩子产生了很大的影响。 75．我们的父母这周末将会被邀请到学校。 B. 写作(计20分) 76．假设你是李华，你们学校正在开展 “环保从我做起” 的主题活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语倡议书，呼吁同学们积极参与环保行动。 提示： 节约资源（节约用水、用电，随手关灯、关水龙头）； 减少污染（拒绝一次性用品，绿色出行）； 废物利用（垃圾分类，旧物捐赠或回收）； 呼吁大家一起行动，保护地球。 要求： 词数 80-100； 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自试（江苏扬州专用） Unit 8·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：120分） 一、单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分) 在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。 1．A2．A3．B4．A5．B6．D7．A8．C9．B10．B11．C12．D13．D14．C15．D 二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分) 16．C 17．B 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．C 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．B 三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，计30分) 阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A 31．A 32．C 33．C B 34．B 35．D 36．D 37．C C 38．B 39．D 40．B 41．C D 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 四、词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1分，计10分) 46．resources47．reduce48．According49．damage50．pollute51．rubbish52．coughed53．will be discussed 54．importance55．harmful 五、阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分) 56．It harms the environment. 57．It combines traditional and modern farming. 58．Animal waste. 59．Because the food is safe. 60．Training and support. 六、缺词填空(共10空；每空1分，计10分) 61．come/ome 62．crowded/rowded 63．rubbish/ubbish 64．return/eturn 65．historical/istorical/historic/istoric 66．with/ith 67．attract/ttract 68．protecting/rotecting 69．members/embers 70．Turning/urning 七、书面表达(计30分) A. 句子翻译(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分) 71．People aren’t allowed to cut down trees. Otherwise, they will be punished. 72．You will be divided into four groups as soon as you arrive/get there./As soon as you arrive/get there, you will be divided into four groups. 73．At that time, she had no choice but to depend on herself. 74．What the teacher said made a great difference to the child. / The teacher’s words made a great difference to the child. 75．Our parents will be invited to the school this weekend. B. 写作(计20分) Dear classmates, Our school is holding the “Environmental Protection Starts with Me” activity. Protecting the earth is our common duty. First, save resources. Turn off lights and taps immediately when not in use to save electricity and water. Second, reduce pollution, refuse single-use products like plastic bags and choose green travel such as walking or cycling. Third, reuse waste by sorting rubbish properly and donating or recycling old items. Small actions make a big difference. Let’s take action now and work together to build a greener world! Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自试（江苏扬州专用） Unit 8·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：120分） 一、单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分) 在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。 1．— What do you think of ________ 2026 Yangzhou Jianzhen Half Marathon? — Fantastic! It’s ________ excellent chance for runners to challenge themselves A．The; an B．A; / C．The; a D．A; the 2．It’s important to ________ waste to save resources. A．recycle B．reuse C．produce D．renew 3．Jim spent the whole weekend playing games and didn’t finish his homework, so his father decided to ________ him by not letting him watch TV this week. A．connect B．punish C．admire D．create 4．The story is ________ known by people all over the country. A．widely B．wide C．broadly D．extensively 5．—Mike, how often do you play computer games? —________ ever. I think it is bad for my study. A．Usually B．Hardly C．Always D．Often 6．More trees should be planted in the city to make the air cleaner. We all need to ________! A．take off B．take out C．take away D．take action 7．—Will you vote ________ the plan that aims to reduce water waste ________ 20%? —Yes, I will. It’s a practical way to save resources. A．for; by B．against; by C．for; to D．against; to 8．My teacher together with my parents ________ me and they ________ their work. A．are strict with; are strict in B．is strict in; are strict with C．is strict with; are strict in D．are strict with; are strict with 9．—When can I go out to play with my father, Mum? —Not until your father’s project ________, dear. A．will be finished B．is finished C．will finish D．has finished 10．The new environmental law ________ next year. A．will pass B．will be passed C．passes D．is passed 11．—How is the new community wetland project going? —Very well. ________ volunteers have joined us to help plant the water plants. A．Too much B．A little C．Plenty of D．Much 12．It’s a good way to _________ how many minutes your child spends talking on their cell and texting. A．take B．spend C．costs D．control 13．Our country has rolled out weight ________ programs. They aim to improve people’s health by encouraging proper diet and exercise. A．agreement B．excitement C．development D．management 14．—Why did the doctor let him open his mouth ________? —To check his throat. And this way is ________ used by doctors. A．widely; widely B．wide; wide C．wide; widely D．widely; wide 15．— The Chinese football team failed to enter the World Cup again. — ________ I am not a big fan of football. A．No doubt! B．You have got a point! C．Are you serious? D．It makes no difference to me. 二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，计15分) 阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Recycling is not only good for the environment, but also gives something that seems not so valuable a chance to be something else. Mateo Lange, a 15-year-old boy from Michigan, US, is bringing 16 to the environment and his community through his weekend recycling efforts. At 11 years old, while playing baseball, Lange 17 his team needed money for competitions. He soon came up with a plan. In Michigan, cans and bottles can be 18 and redeemed (兑换) for money. The amount is 10 cents per item and is added as an extra fee (费用) at the time of buying to 19 litter and protect the environment. With the help of his 20 , Lange started a recycling programme, raising $7,500 in just a few weeks. “We’ve raised so much money, 21 why not continue as long as we can?” he said. This success made him 22 and encouraged him to continue the project with his father. In 2019, Michigan stopped its recycling programme, leading to bottles and cans 23 accumulating (堆积) in people’s homes. Lange’s recycling 24 offered a solution. With his father’s help, they helped people get rid of their recyclables and 25 did pickups from people’s homes. “I’d just run out, knock on the door and say, ‘I’m here to 26 litter.’ I’d catch the bags and pull them to the truck,” Lange said. Since 2020, Lange’s recycling plan has raised $350,000 and helped over 50 local youth groups. Besides, it has prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans 27 polluting Michigan’s roadsides, lakes and rivers. “It has kept our community a lot 28 ,” Lange said. In 2023, Lange received the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, recognizing 29 environmental efforts and community impact (影响). He believed the world would become a much better place. Lange always said, “Be 30 . Have an idea and build on it,” whenever he was asked about his cleanup achievements. 16．A．chances B．risks C．benefits D．problems 17．A．hoped B．realized C．promised D．decided 18．A．chosen B．bought C．offered D．collected 19．A．produce B．reduce C．check D．share 20．A．father B．mother C．teacher D．classmate 21．A．while B．but C．so D．or 22．A．nervous B．positive C．silent D．curious 23．A．normally B．simply C．quickly D．hardly 24．A．walk B．dream C．secret D．programme 25．A．even B．just C．still D．never 26．A．cut down B．hand out C．pick up D．pay for 27．A．from B．with C．by D．about 28．A．quieter B．cleaner C．stranger D．safer 29．A．our B．its C．their D．his 30．A．healthy B．creative C．careful D．polite 三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，计30分) 阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A www.pearlrivercruise.com/info If you’re going to plant a tree, thank you! Adding even one new tree is good for our environment. But how do you plant the tree to make sure it grows? Read on for some tips. Before planting -Choose a healthy tree. The tree can grow naturally in your local climate, and you should plant it in the fall or early spring. -Choose an open, flat place away from buildings or power lines. -Make sure the tree gets no less than 6 hours of sunlight daily. How to plant Water the soil on the planting day before you dig the hole. Dig a hole of the width (宽度) 2-3 times the diameter (直径) of the root ball and the same depth (深度) as it. Put the root ball into the hole and fill in the hole with the soil. Water the tree deeply. 31．When is the best time to plant a tree? A．Autumn B．Late spring. C．Early summer D．Winter. 32．Which is the best place to plant a tree? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 33．Where can you find the article? A．From a letter. B．From a magazine. C．From a website. D．From a book. B The Dead Sea is not a real sea. It is a large salt lake. It is in western Asia, between Jordan (约旦) and other countries. It is very special. It is the lowest place on Earth’s land. Its surface is about 416 meters below sea level. The Dead Sea is long and not very wide. It is about 86 kilometers long and 5 to 18 kilometers wide. The Jordan River runs into it. But no rivers run out of the Dead Sea. The water here is very salty. It is much saltier than other sea water. That’s why most fish and plants cannot live in it. Only some very small living things can live here. So people call it “the Dead Sea”. The salty water makes people float (漂浮) easily. You do not need to swim. You can just lie on the water and read a book! Many visitors come here every year to enjoy this great feeling. The Dead Sea mud (泥) is also very good for the skin, so many people like to take mud baths here. But the Dead Sea is facing problems now. Its water is becoming smaller and smaller. People take too much water from the Jordan River for farming and everyday use. The warm weather also makes the water decrease less quickly. We must try to protect this great natural wonder. 34．What is the Dead Sea according to the passage? A．A clean sea with many fish. B．A large salt lake in western Asia. C．A long river with little water. D．A small lake with cold water. 35．Why is the Dead Sea special in the world? A．Because it is the hottest place on Earth. B．Because it is the longest river in Asia. C．Because it has the most fish in the world. D．Because it is the lowest place on Earth’ land. 36．Why do people call it the “Dead Sea”? A．Because it is too cold for animals. B．Because there is no salt in its water. C．Because almost no visitors go there. D．Because most fish and plants can’t live in it. 37．What can people do easily in the Dead Sea? A．Swim fast like in a pool. B．Catch different kinds of fish. C．Float on the water freely. D．Grow vegetables near it. C More and more schools in China are starting to do garbage sorting (垃圾分类), and No.2 Middle School in Nantong is one of them. Since September 2024, the school has carried out a garbage sorting activity to teach students about environmental protection and sustainable development (可持续发展). The school has put different colored garbage bins in every classroom and on the playground. Green bins are for kitchen waste, blue for recyclable waste, red for harmful waste, and grey for other waste. The teachers teach students how to sort different kinds of garbage and why it’s important. For example, recyclable waste like paper and plastic can be made into new things, and harmful waste like batteries can pollute the earth if not sorted properly. To make the activity more interesting, the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month. Students need to sort different kinds of garbage quickly and correctly. The winning class gets a small prize, like a green plant or a book about the environment. Many students said the competition makes them remember the sorting rules better. So far, the school’s garbage sorting activity has been very successful. The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%, and the amount of harmful waste has been sorted correctly by over 90%. The headmaster said, “Garbage sorting is a small thing, but it’s a big step for environmental protection. We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families. In this way, more people can join in the environmental protection work.” 38．What color of garbage bin is for recyclable waste in No.2 Middle School? A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. D．Grey. 39．What does the school do to make the garbage sorting activity more interesting? A．It puts garbage bins in every classroom. B．It teaches students the sorting rules. C．It gives students a lot of money as a prize. D．It holds a garbage sorting competition every month. 40．How much has the amount of recyclable waste increased in the school? A．By 30%. B．By 40%. C．By 90%. D．By 100%. 41．What does the headmaster hope the students can do? A．To only sort garbage at school. B．To forget the garbage sorting rules after the activity. C．To form a garbage sorting habit and take it home. D．To take part in more competitions and win prizes. D A report shows that each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste in China. Where does the waste go? People usually burn or bury (埋) it. We also receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part? Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way? Waste pollutes the environment, harms people’s health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can’t make money at the cost of the environment. We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations (代，辈). China is getting really serious about waste now. We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity (电) factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases or water will get into the environment. The Chinese government is encouraging people to separate waste into different groups. Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting (分类) systems. More will join them soon. More and more people are developing the habit of separating their waste. 42．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．telling stories B．making comparisons (比较)C．raising questions D．giving suggestions 43．The underlined word “sustainable” in Paragraph 2 means “________” in Chinese. A．可享受的 B．可持续的 C．可借鉴的 D．可复活的 44．From the last three paragraphs, we can learn that ________. A．China has stopped 24 kinds of waste entering our country for years B．all the people are forming the habit of separating waste in China C．no harmful gases or water will be able to get into the environment D．China is paying more and more attention to the waste at present 45．The structure of the passage may be ________. A． B． C． D． 四、词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1分，计10分) 根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。 46．People should take action at once to protect our natural ________ (资源). 47．To ________(减少) white pollution, we’d better use cloth bags when we go shopping. 48．________ (根据) to the weather report, there will be heavy rain tomorrow. 49．We can’t make a campfire here as it may spread and cause ________ (损坏) to the forests. 50．The energy is clean and won’t ________ (污染) the air, which is good for the environment. 51．Thanks to the volunteers’ hard work, the park is now free of ________ (rubbish). 52．She ________ (cough) a lot during the meeting this morning because of a bad cold. 53．The new working plan ________ (discuss) again at tomorrow’s meeting if necessary. 54．The ________ (important) of protecting wetlands is taught in our school. 55．The new factory promises that it will not produce ________ (harm) gases to pollute the air. 五、阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Traditional farming often uses a lot of chemical fertilizers (化肥) and pesticides (农药), which are harmful to the environment. Now, a new type of farming called “ecological farming” (生态农业) is becoming popular in some areas of Jiangsu Province. Ecological farming combines traditional farming methods with modern technology. Farmers use natural materials instead of chemicals. For example, they use animal waste as fertilizer and plant special plants to keep pests away. They also grow different crops together to improve the soil quality. This type of farming has many benefits. First, it protects the environment. No chemicals are used, so the soil and water are not polluted. Second, the food produced is healthier and safer for people to eat. Third, it saves energy and resources. Farmers don’t need to buy expensive chemicals, which reduces their costs. Mr. Wang, a farmer who practices ecological farming, said, “My vegetables are very popular in the market. Customers are willing to pay a higher price because they know the food is safe. And I don’t have to worry about polluting the environment anymore.” Now, more and more farmers are learning about ecological farming. The local government also provides training and support to help them. Ecological farming is a win-win for both farmers and the environment. 56．What is the problem of traditional farming? 57．What is ecological farming? 58．What do farmers use as fertilizer in ecological farming? 59．Why are Mr. Wang’s vegetables popular in the market? 60．What support does the local government provide to farmers? 六、缺词填空(共10空；每空1分，计10分) 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词) “Reduce, reuse, recycle” these are the three Rs that environmental activists have stressed. But how can we realize them? Recently, this idea has c 61 to life in a famous attraction in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu Province. With the arrival of the tourist season, the attraction has been c 62 with visitors around 20,000 a day since July. With so many people, the challenge of dealing with r 63 has become more serious, putting cleaners under pressure. So, the attraction came up with a fun way to help: “Trash-hunt-for-gifts.” Here’s how it works: Visitors are given trash bags and encouraged to pick up litter around the site. In r 64 they get small gifts showing Dunhuang’s rich culture. Isn’t this another good way to show the three Rs spirit? I still remember going to some tourist attractions, especially h 65 sites which have hundreds of years of history are gathered by people in such a small area. At these places, littering is something we always have to try hard to deal w 66 . Not only does it influence the cleanliness of a site, but it is also likely to harm the natural environment. So, when I saw how the “Trash-hunt-for-gifts” program was carried out, it was clear this way was more than just a trick to a 67 attention. It was truly an effort to encourage a culture of responsibility and care. The activity does more than just cleaning up the area. It changes every visitor into an environmental guard, taking part in p 68 the beauty of the site. Over 15,000 tourists have been m 69 of “the Trash-hunt-for-gifts” since 2024. Other places in China are also doing similar things. It’s great to see that tourists are not just enjoying the sights, but also helping to protect them. T 70 tourists into environmental guards is a new and exciting way to keep our scenic spots clean and beautiful for everyone to enjoy. 七、书面表达(计30分) A. 句子翻译(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分) 将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。 71．人们不许砍树，否则会受到惩罚。 72．一到那里，就会把你们分成四个组。 _________________________________________________________________ 73．在那个时候，她别无选择，只能依靠自己。 74．老师的话对这个孩子产生了很大的影响。 75．我们的父母这周末将会被邀请到学校。 B. 写作(计20分) 76．假设你是李华，你们学校正在开展 “环保从我做起” 的主题活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语倡议书，呼吁同学们积极参与环保行动。 提示： 节约资源（节约用水、用电，随手关灯、关水龙头）； 减少污染（拒绝一次性用品，绿色出行）； 废物利用（垃圾分类，旧物捐赠或回收）； 呼吁大家一起行动，保护地球。 要求： 词数 80-100； 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $