专题04 代词和名词（复习讲义）（湖南专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题04 代词和名词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 代词 考点二 名词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1. 名词：名词单复数变化（规则/不规则）、可数/不可数辨析、名词所有格（'s / of / 双重所有格）、名词作定语。 2. 代词：核心考查人称代词主格/宾格、物主代词（形容词性/名词性）的正确使用，以及不定代词（some/any/few/little/each/both）在语境中的辨析。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 代词 长沙第48小题 湖南第50小题 长沙第53小题 湖南第48小题 长沙第48小题 名词 长沙第53小题 湖南第49小题 长沙第48小题 湖南第54小题 长沙第53小题 命题预测 1. 语境化 不考孤立语法，全部在语篇、句子情景中考查 必须结合上下文意思才能确定单复数、代词指代 2. 综合化 名词 + 单复数 + 所有格 + 冠词 + 主谓一致 一起考 代词 + 人称/物主/反身/不定代词 混合考 语法填空：一空考一个知识点，但依赖整句理解 3. 生活化 选材多与日常生活、校园生活、社会热点（如环保、科技、传统文化）等相关，让学生在熟悉的情境中运用名/形/副知识。 考点一 代词 1. 2025·湖南长沙·中考真题 China has ______ (it) own long history of classical literature. 2. 2025·湖南·中考真题 Standing in them, the city’s rulers will be able to see ______ (they) people and crops between the waterways. 3. 2024·湖南·中考真题 Simon, who was head chef then, began to show ______ (I) how to cook. 4. 2024·湖南长沙·中考真题 Kumquats, with ______ (they) golden color, are a symbol of wealth and luck. 5. 2023·湖南长沙·中考真题 A parent or best friend would also love to receive ______ (you) letter. 人称代词&物主代词&反身代词 人称 数 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人 称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人 称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 指示代词 this/these that/those 近指 This is my seat. 远指 That is your seat. / 替代已提到过的名词，避免重复，主要用于比较级 The weather in Changsha is better than that in Beijing. The days in summer are longer than those(the ones) in winter. this 打电话时，指自己。 This is Alan. that 打电话时，指对方。 Who is that speaking? this morning 今天早上 this year 今年 that morning 那天早上 that year 那年 不定代词 （1）both；all；either；any；neither；none / 都 任何 都不 两者 both either neither 三者（或以上） all any none （2）little；a little；few；a few / 可数 不可数 表肯定 a few（有一些） a little（有一点） 表否定 few（几乎没有） little（几乎没有） （3）other；the other；others；the others；another 不定代词 意义 用法说明 other 另外的(两者) 只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；但如果 前面有 the, this, that, some, any, each, every, no, one, my, your, his 等时，则可与单数名词连用 the other 两者中另一个 常与 one 连用，构成“one…, the other ”；作定语修 饰复数名词时，表示“全部其余的 ” others 泛指别的人或物 是 other 的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部）， 不能作定语，构成 some…others… the others 特指其余的人或物 是 the other 的复数形式，特指其余的人或物 another 另一个(三者或以上） 指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作形容词或代词 复合不定代词 词缀 -one（人） -body（人） -thing（事物） 用法 some- someone somebody something ①用于肯定句 ②用于表示请求的疑问句 any- anyone anybody anything ①用于否定句&疑问句 ②表示“任何……”也可用于肯定句 no- no one nobody nothing ①no one=nobody ②nothing 回答 what 的提问 every- everyone everybody everything ①everyone=everybody 重要考点 1. 复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数（如：Something is wrong with her watch.） 2. 复合不定代词被形容词或 else 修饰时，形容词和 else 要后置（如：something interesting） 3. 复合不定代词被to do 修饰时，to do 要后置（如：I don't have anything to say.） 一、一句话总原则 看空格后面有没有名词 → 决定用什么代词 - 后面有名词 → 用 形物代（my / your / his / her / its / our / their） - 后面没名词 → 用 宾格（me / you / him / her / it / us / them） 二、4 个秒杀技巧 技巧1：空格后有名词 → 必填 形容词性物主代词 看到： ____ + 名词  直接把括号里的词变成： my / your / his / her / its / our / their 例：(it) → its (they) → their (I) → my (you) → your 技巧2：动词 / 介词后面 → 必填 宾格 动词：show / help / tell / ask / invite 介词：with / for / to / by / of 结构：  动词/介词 + ____  → 填宾格 I → me they → them he → him she → her we → us 技巧3：看到 own → 前面一定是 形物代 固定搭配： one’s own + 名词 my own / your own / his own / their own 看到： ____ own ...  直接填：形物代 技巧4：看到 and 并列 → 前后形式一致 例： with ____ (they) golden color and 前后都是名词结构 → 填 their 三、湖南中考最常考的 6 个答案 1. its（it → its） 2. their（they → their） 3. me（I → me） 4. your（you → your） 5. him（he → him） 6. us（we → us） 四、做题步骤（直接照做） 1. 看括号里的词：I / you / he / she / it / they 2. 看空格后面有没有名词- 有名词 → 变 形物代 - 没名词，在动词/介词后 → 变 宾格 检查：own 前必形物代，and 前后要一致 1. The girl over there often helps ____ (I) with my history homework. 2. All of ____ (we) are excited about the coming school trip. 3. My uncle often tells interesting stories to ____ (I) on weekends. 4. The students are trying ____ (they) best to finish the project on time. 5. You should learn to look after ____ (you) when your parents are out. 6. The little baby can’t take care of ____ (he) at such a young age. 7. My pencil is broken. Can I use ____ (you) for a while? 8. The cute dog is enjoying ____ (it) meal under the tree. 9. Our English teacher always encourages ____ (we) to speak more. 10. Each of the girls has finished ____ (she) homework carefully. 11. He bought a beautiful present for ____ (she) last Sunday. 12. The exciting news surprised all of ____ (they). 13. We should be ready to help ____ (other) in our daily life. 14. The new computer has ____ (it) own special system. 15. You can’t depend on others all the time, so trust ____ (you). 16. The head teacher asks ____ (we) to follow the school rules. 17. These bags are theirs, and those on the desk are ____ (we). 18. The boy is old enough to dress ____ (he) every morning. 19. Everyone in the team should try ____ (they) best to win. 20. She often writes emails to ____ (she) foreign teacher. 考点二 名词 1. 2025·湖南长沙·中考真题 But they are great ______ (story) which also show the goodness and weakness of human nature. 2. 2025·湖南·中考真题 The wood was shipped by ______ (worker) to the city for tall buildings. 3. 2024·湖南·中考真题 At the weekend we play many ______ (kind) of music. 4. 2024·湖南长沙·中考真题 …because they carry many special ______ (meaning). 5. 2023·湖南长沙·中考真题 Some people save ______ (letter) and look at them over the years. 考点一 ：可数名词和不可数名词 一、可数名词的复数形式 规则变化 ①一般在词尾加-s book--books toy--toys day--days boy--boys ②以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾的加-es class--classes bus--buses box--boxes fox--foxes dish--dishes watch--watches ③以“辅音字母+y ”结尾的词, 把 y 变为 i,再 加-es baby--babies city--cities factory--factories dictionary--dictionaries ④以 f 或 fe 结尾的词, 一般把 f 或 fe 改为v, 再加-es leaf--leaves half--halves thief--thieves knife--knives wife--wives life--lives ⑤以o 结尾 有生命的，加 es potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes hero--heroes 无生命的，加 s radio--radios zoo--zoos photo--photos 不规则变化 ①男女少，鼠脚牙(数脚丫） man--men woman--women child--children mouse--mice foot--feet tooth--teeth ②中日鱼鹿羊，单复是同形 Chinese ，Japanese ，fish ，deer ，sheep ③中日不变英法变, 其他后面加 s Chinese--Chinese Japanese--Japanese Englishman--Englishmen Frenchman--Frenchmen German--Germans 二、不可数名词，下列名词常做不可数名词用，很少见到它们被用作可数名词 肉类 beef chicken mutton pork meat 液体 water milk coffee tea honey yogurt orange juice 颗粒、细微物 rice salt sand hair 其余 bread advice weather work news paper information knowledge money time music health fruit fun 三、既可数又不可数的名词 可数又不可数 chicken fish food fruit room work 可数 鸡 种类 种类 种类 房间 作品 不可数 鸡肉 鱼肉、条数 泛指 泛指 空间 工作 ’s 所有格 结构为“名词 + ’s ”，主要表示有生命的人或动物的所属关系 单数名词 加’s the girl's dress 复数名词 以 s 结尾 加, students' books 不以 s 结尾 加’s children's coats 用 and 连接 并列名词的 所有格 表示各自拥有 在每个名词词尾加’s Lily's and Lucy's rooms 表示共同拥有 在最后一个名词词尾加’s Lily and Lucy's room 表示某人的家、店铺、诊所等 在词尾加加’s，省略后面的名词 the doctor's of 所有格 结构为“名词 A + of + 名词 B ”，主要表示无生命的事物的所属关系 the top of the hill， the window of the room 双重所有格 结构 1：“名词 + of + 名词’s 所有格” 结构2：“名词 + of + 名词性物主代词 ”主要指整体的一部分 a friend of my father's， a book of mine 一、核心口诀 看到提示是名词，先看单复数，再看词性变 二、3 个必考点技巧 1. 先看“数量标志”→ 决定单复数 看到这些词，名词一定变复数： - many, few, a few, several - some, any, lots of, a lot of - two/three/… 数词 - these, those, both, all 规则： - 一般 +s - s/x/ch/sh +es - 辅音+y → 变y为i+es - 特殊：man→men, woman→women, child→children 2. 看前面be动词 → 反推单复数 - is / was → 单数 - are / were → 复数 - this / that → 单数 - these / those → 复数 3. 后面有them/they → 前面必复数 例：save ____ (letter) → 后面有them → letters 三、词性转换技巧（湖南常考） - 形容词 → 名词：rich→richness, good→goodness - 动词 → 名词：mean→meaning, meet→meeting 四、做题步骤（10秒一道） 1. 看括号：是名词 2. 看前面：有没有many/some/数词 → 复数 3. 看be动词：is/was单数，are/were复数 4. 看后面：有没有them/they → 复数 5. 再看要不要变词性（形容词变动名词） 1. There are many foreign ____ (tourist) visiting the ancient town during holidays. 2. How many ____ (sandwich) would you like to order for your breakfast? 3. Reading good books can bring us a lot of ____ (happy) in our daily life. 4. All the ____ (boy) in our class took part in the basketball game last week. 5. We can learn a lot about history from these old ____ (story). 6. The ____ (invent) of the smart phone has changed our life greatly. 7. There are five ____ (box) of apples on the floor in the corner. 8. Different people have different living ____ (habit) in different countries. 9. We all know the ____ (important) of keeping healthy in our daily life. 10. The farmers grow quite a lot of ____ (potato) on the farm every year. 11. Some ____ (child) are flying kites on the playground at the moment. 12. The two ____ (woman) teachers are talking with our headmaster now. 13. She wrote down all her ____ (wish) on the paper on her birthday. 14. We should show our ____ (kind) to people who are in trouble. 15. There are all kinds of beautiful ____ (flower) in the park in spring. 16. How many ____ (tooth) does the little baby have now? 17. My uncle has collected hundreds of old ____ (photo) since 2010. 18. The ____ (develop) of the countryside makes people live better. 19. All the ____ (hero) in our hearts are worth respecting all the time. 20. There are three ____ (library) in our school and we like reading there. 名词专项练习 20 题 1. Many ______ (student) from different classes take part in the school reading activity every term. 2. There are some cute white ______ (sheep) eating grass on the small hill near the village. 3. The two tall ______ (man) teachers in blue coats are playing basketball on the playground. 4. I took quite a few beautiful ______ (photo) when I travelled with my family last summer. 5. Could you please give me two pieces of white ______ (paper) for my math homework? 6. There are five lovely little ______ (baby) sleeping quietly in the big bedroom. 7. Different ______ (person) often have different opinions about this interesting question. 8. The fresh ______ (potato) in the local supermarket are sold at a very good price. 9. All the ______ (volunteer) at the sports meeting are very kind and hard-working. 10. Some small gray ______ (mouse) often appear in the old house at night. 11. I would like three hot cups of ______ (tea) with nothing in them, please. 12. There are a lot of modern tall ______ (building) in the center of our city. 13. The old man has three strong ______ (son) and two kind ______ (daughter). 14. We should brush our white ______ (tooth) carefully at least twice a day. 15. Thousands of ______ (tour) come to visit the old town every spring. 16. The happy ______ (child) are playing games under the big tree in the park. 17. There are all kinds of colorful ______ (flower) in the beautiful garden. 18. My father has two expensive ______ (watch) and he wears them on different days. 19. The green ______ (leaf) on the trees turn yellow and fall down in autumn. 20. I need two small boxes of colored ______ (chalk) for my art class. 代词专项练习 20 题 1. ______ (I) favorite subject at school is English because it is very interesting. 2. This blue pen is not mine. ______ (my) is in my pink pencil-box. 3. The little girl is old enough to look after ______ (she) at home by herself. 4. Help ______ (you) to some fresh fruit on the table, my dear boys. 5. My brother and I both love sports and ______ (we) often play football together. 6. ______ (this) are my new story books and ______ (that) on the desk are yours. 7. ______ (who) red schoolbag is this under the big tree over there? 8. I have two lovely sisters and ______ (they) are both middle school students. 9. This is not our classroom. ______ (our) is on the second floor of the building. 10. The little boy is too young to look after ______ (he) when his parents are out. 11. Help ______ (you) to the delicious cake, everyone here at the party. 12. ______ (that) yellow mountain bike over there is my best friend’s. 13. I have two good friends. ______ (both) of them are good at playing the piano. 14. This math problem is too difficult. I can’t work it out by ______ (I). 15. My new pen is lost. May I use ______ (you) for a few minutes? 16. ______ (who) is knocking at the door? Please go and have a look. 17. The little cat is so lovely. ______ (it) name is Mimi and it likes fish very much. 18. There are many trees on ______ (each) side of the wide quiet street. 19. I have important things to tell ______ (they) after the class is over. 20. These are not our keys. ______ (we) are in the door of our house. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 代词和名词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 代词 考点二 名词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1. 名词：名词单复数变化（规则/不规则）、可数/不可数辨析、名词所有格（'s / of / 双重所有格）、名词作定语。 2. 代词：核心考查人称代词主格/宾格、物主代词（形容词性/名词性）的正确使用，以及不定代词（some/any/few/little/each/both）在语境中的辨析。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 代词 长沙第48小题 湖南第50小题 长沙第53小题 湖南第48小题 长沙第48小题 名词 长沙第53小题 湖南第49小题 长沙第48小题 湖南第54小题 长沙第53小题 命题预测 1. 语境化 不考孤立语法，全部在语篇、句子情景中考查 必须结合上下文意思才能确定单复数、代词指代 2. 综合化 名词 + 单复数 + 所有格 + 冠词 + 主谓一致 一起考 代词 + 人称/物主/反身/不定代词 混合考 语法填空：一空考一个知识点，但依赖整句理解 3. 生活化 选材多与日常生活、校园生活、社会热点（如环保、科技、传统文化）等相关，让学生在熟悉的情境中运用名/形/副知识。 考点一 代词 1. 2025·湖南长沙·中考真题 China has ______ (it) own long history of classical literature. 答案：its 解析：此处要用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词，it 的形容词性物主代词是 its。 2. 2025·湖南·中考真题 Standing in them, the city’s rulers will be able to see ______ (they) people and crops between the waterways. 答案：their 解析：they 的形容词性物主代词是 their，用来修饰后面的名词 people and crops。 3. 2024·湖南·中考真题 Simon, who was head chef then, began to show ______ (I) how to cook. 答案：me 解析：动词 show 后要跟人称代词宾格作宾语，I 的宾格是 me。 4. 2024·湖南长沙·中考真题 Kumquats, with ______ (they) golden color, are a symbol of wealth and luck. 答案：their 解析：they 的形容词性物主代词是 their，修饰后面的名词 golden color。 5. 2023·湖南长沙·中考真题 A parent or best friend would also love to receive ______ (you) letter. 答案：your 解析：you 的形容词性物主代词是 your，用来修饰后面的名词 letter。 人称代词&物主代词&反身代词 人称 数 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人 称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人 称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 指示代词 this/these that/those 近指 This is my seat. 远指 That is your seat. / 替代已提到过的名词，避免重复，主要用于比较级 The weather in Changsha is better than that in Beijing. The days in summer are longer than those(the ones) in winter. this 打电话时，指自己。 This is Alan. that 打电话时，指对方。 Who is that speaking? this morning 今天早上 this year 今年 that morning 那天早上 that year 那年 不定代词 （1）both；all；either；any；neither；none / 都 任何 都不 两者 both either neither 三者（或以上） all any none （2）little；a little；few；a few / 可数 不可数 表肯定 a few（有一些） a little（有一点） 表否定 few（几乎没有） little（几乎没有） （3）other；the other；others；the others；another 不定代词 意义 用法说明 other 另外的(两者) 只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；但如果 前面有 the, this, that, some, any, each, every, no, one, my, your, his 等时，则可与单数名词连用 the other 两者中另一个 常与 one 连用，构成“one…, the other ”；作定语修 饰复数名词时，表示“全部其余的 ” others 泛指别的人或物 是 other 的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部）， 不能作定语，构成 some…others… the others 特指其余的人或物 是 the other 的复数形式，特指其余的人或物 another 另一个(三者或以上） 指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作形容词或代词 复合不定代词 词缀 -one（人） -body（人） -thing（事物） 用法 some- someone somebody something ①用于肯定句 ②用于表示请求的疑问句 any- anyone anybody anything ①用于否定句&疑问句 ②表示“任何……”也可用于肯定句 no- no one nobody nothing ①no one=nobody ②nothing 回答 what 的提问 every- everyone everybody everything ①everyone=everybody 重要考点 1. 复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数（如：Something is wrong with her watch.） 2. 复合不定代词被形容词或 else 修饰时，形容词和 else 要后置（如：something interesting） 3. 复合不定代词被to do 修饰时，to do 要后置（如：I don't have anything to say.） 一、一句话总原则 看空格后面有没有名词 → 决定用什么代词 - 后面有名词 → 用 形物代（my / your / his / her / its / our / their） - 后面没名词 → 用 宾格（me / you / him / her / it / us / them） 二、4 个秒杀技巧 技巧1：空格后有名词 → 必填 形容词性物主代词 看到： ____ + 名词  直接把括号里的词变成： my / your / his / her / its / our / their 例：(it) → its (they) → their (I) → my (you) → your 技巧2：动词 / 介词后面 → 必填 宾格 动词：show / help / tell / ask / invite 介词：with / for / to / by / of 结构：  动词/介词 + ____  → 填宾格 I → me they → them he → him she → her we → us 技巧3：看到 own → 前面一定是 形物代 固定搭配： one’s own + 名词 my own / your own / his own / their own 看到： ____ own ...  直接填：形物代 技巧4：看到 and 并列 → 前后形式一致 例： with ____ (they) golden color and 前后都是名词结构 → 填 their 三、湖南中考最常考的 6 个答案 1. its（it → its） 2. their（they → their） 3. me（I → me） 4. your（you → your） 5. him（he → him） 6. us（we → us） 四、做题步骤（直接照做） 1. 看括号里的词：I / you / he / she / it / they 2. 看空格后面有没有名词- 有名词 → 变 形物代 - 没名词，在动词/介词后 → 变 宾格 检查：own 前必形物代，and 前后要一致 1. The girl over there often helps ____ (I) with my history homework. 2. All of ____ (we) are excited about the coming school trip. 3. My uncle often tells interesting stories to ____ (I) on weekends. 4. The students are trying ____ (they) best to finish the project on time. 5. You should learn to look after ____ (you) when your parents are out. 6. The little baby can’t take care of ____ (he) at such a young age. 7. My pencil is broken. Can I use ____ (you) for a while? 8. The cute dog is enjoying ____ (it) meal under the tree. 9. Our English teacher always encourages ____ (we) to speak more. 10. Each of the girls has finished ____ (she) homework carefully. 11. He bought a beautiful present for ____ (she) last Sunday. 12. The exciting news surprised all of ____ (they). 13. We should be ready to help ____ (other) in our daily life. 14. The new computer has ____ (it) own special system. 15. You can’t depend on others all the time, so trust ____ (you). 16. The head teacher asks ____ (we) to follow the school rules. 17. These bags are theirs, and those on the desk are ____ (we). 18. The boy is old enough to dress ____ (he) every morning. 19. Everyone in the team should try ____ (they) best to win. 20. She often writes emails to ____ (she) foreign teacher. 1. me 2. us 3. me 4. their 5. yourself 6. himself 7. yours 8. its 9. us 10. her 11. her 12. them 13. others 14. its 15. yourself 16. us 17. ours 18. himself 19. their 20. her 考点二 名词 1. 2025·湖南长沙·中考真题 But they are great ______ (story) which also show the goodness and weakness of human nature. 答案：stories 解析：前面有 they are，表示复数，所以 story 要变复数 stories。 2. 2025·湖南·中考真题 The wood was shipped by ______ (worker) to the city for tall buildings. 答案：workers 解析：此处指“工人们”，表示一类人，要用复数形式 workers。 3. 2024·湖南·中考真题 At the weekend we play many ______ (kind) of music. 答案：kinds 解析：many 后面要跟可数名词复数，kind 的复数是 kinds。 4. 2024·湖南长沙·中考真题 …because they carry many special ______ (meaning). 答案：meanings 解析：many 后面跟可数名词复数，meaning 的复数是 meanings。 5. 2023·湖南长沙·中考真题 Some people save ______ (letter) and look at them over the years. 答案：letters 解析：后面有 them 指代前面的信件，表示复数，所以 letter 变复数 letters。 考点一 ：可数名词和不可数名词 一、可数名词的复数形式 规则变化 ①一般在词尾加-s book--books toy--toys day--days boy--boys ②以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾的加-es class--classes bus--buses box--boxes fox--foxes dish--dishes watch--watches ③以“辅音字母+y ”结尾的词, 把 y 变为 i,再 加-es baby--babies city--cities factory--factories dictionary--dictionaries ④以 f 或 fe 结尾的词, 一般把 f 或 fe 改为v, 再加-es leaf--leaves half--halves thief--thieves knife--knives wife--wives life--lives ⑤以o 结尾 有生命的，加 es potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes hero--heroes 无生命的，加 s radio--radios zoo--zoos photo--photos 不规则变化 ①男女少，鼠脚牙(数脚丫） man--men woman--women child--children mouse--mice foot--feet tooth--teeth ②中日鱼鹿羊，单复是同形 Chinese ，Japanese ，fish ，deer ，sheep ③中日不变英法变, 其他后面加 s Chinese--Chinese Japanese--Japanese Englishman--Englishmen Frenchman--Frenchmen German--Germans 二、不可数名词，下列名词常做不可数名词用，很少见到它们被用作可数名词 肉类 beef chicken mutton pork meat 液体 water milk coffee tea honey yogurt orange juice 颗粒、细微物 rice salt sand hair 其余 bread advice weather work news paper information knowledge money time music health fruit fun 三、既可数又不可数的名词 可数又不可数 chicken fish food fruit room work 可数 鸡 种类 种类 种类 房间 作品 不可数 鸡肉 鱼肉、条数 泛指 泛指 空间 工作 考点二 名词所有格 ’s 所有格 结构为“名词 + ’s ”，主要表示有生命的人或动物的所属关系 单数名词 加’s the girl's dress 复数名词 以 s 结尾 加, students' books 不以 s 结尾 加’s children's coats 用 and 连接 并列名词的 所有格 表示各自拥有 在每个名词词尾加’s Lily's and Lucy's rooms 表示共同拥有 在最后一个名词词尾加’s Lily and Lucy's room 表示某人的家、店铺、诊所等 在词尾加加’s，省略后面的名词 the doctor's of 所有格 结构为“名词 A + of + 名词 B ”，主要表示无生命的事物的所属关系 the top of the hill， the window of the room 双重所有格 结构 1：“名词 + of + 名词’s 所有格” 结构2：“名词 + of + 名词性物主代词 ”主要指整体的一部分 a friend of my father's， a book of mine 一、核心口诀 看到提示是名词，先看单复数，再看词性变 二、3 个必考点技巧 1. 先看“数量标志”→ 决定单复数 看到这些词，名词一定变复数： - many, few, a few, several - some, any, lots of, a lot of - two/three/… 数词 - these, those, both, all 规则： - 一般 +s - s/x/ch/sh +es - 辅音+y → 变y为i+es - 特殊：man→men, woman→women, child→children 2. 看前面be动词 → 反推单复数 - is / was → 单数 - are / were → 复数 - this / that → 单数 - these / those → 复数 3. 后面有them/they → 前面必复数 例：save ____ (letter) → 后面有them → letters 三、词性转换技巧（湖南常考） - 形容词 → 名词：rich→richness, good→goodness - 动词 → 名词：mean→meaning, meet→meeting 四、做题步骤（10秒一道） 1. 看括号：是名词 2. 看前面：有没有many/some/数词 → 复数 3. 看be动词：is/was单数，are/were复数 4. 看后面：有没有them/they → 复数 5. 再看要不要变词性（形容词变动名词） 1. There are many foreign ____ (tourist) visiting the ancient town during holidays. 2. How many ____ (sandwich) would you like to order for your breakfast? 3. Reading good books can bring us a lot of ____ (happy) in our daily life. 4. All the ____ (boy) in our class took part in the basketball game last week. 5. We can learn a lot about history from these old ____ (story). 6. The ____ (invent) of the smart phone has changed our life greatly. 7. There are five ____ (box) of apples on the floor in the corner. 8. Different people have different living ____ (habit) in different countries. 9. We all know the ____ (important) of keeping healthy in our daily life. 10. The farmers grow quite a lot of ____ (potato) on the farm every year. 11. Some ____ (child) are flying kites on the playground at the moment. 12. The two ____ (woman) teachers are talking with our headmaster now. 13. She wrote down all her ____ (wish) on the paper on her birthday. 14. We should show our ____ (kind) to people who are in trouble. 15. There are all kinds of beautiful ____ (flower) in the park in spring. 16. How many ____ (tooth) does the little baby have now? 17. My uncle has collected hundreds of old ____ (photo) since 2010. 18. The ____ (develop) of the countryside makes people live better. 19. All the ____ (hero) in our hearts are worth respecting all the time. 20. There are three ____ (library) in our school and we like reading there. 答案 1. tourists 2.sandwiches 3.happiness 4.boys 5.stories 6.invention 7.boxes 8.habits 9.importance 10.potatoes 11.children 12.women 13.wishes 14.kindness 15.flowers 16.teeth 17.photos 18.development 19.heroes 20.libraries 名词专项练习 20 题 1. Many ______ (student) from different classes take part in the school reading activity every term. 2. There are some cute white ______ (sheep) eating grass on the small hill near the village. 3. The two tall ______ (man) teachers in blue coats are playing basketball on the playground. 4. I took quite a few beautiful ______ (photo) when I travelled with my family last summer. 5. Could you please give me two pieces of white ______ (paper) for my math homework? 6. There are five lovely little ______ (baby) sleeping quietly in the big bedroom. 7. Different ______ (person) often have different opinions about this interesting question. 8. The fresh ______ (potato) in the local supermarket are sold at a very good price. 9. All the ______ (volunteer) at the sports meeting are very kind and hard-working. 10. Some small gray ______ (mouse) often appear in the old house at night. 11. I would like three hot cups of ______ (tea) with nothing in them, please. 12. There are a lot of modern tall ______ (building) in the center of our city. 13. The old man has three strong ______ (son) and two kind ______ (daughter). 14. We should brush our white ______ (tooth) carefully at least twice a day. 15. Thousands of ______ (tour) come to visit the old town every spring. 16. The happy ______ (child) are playing games under the big tree in the park. 17. There are all kinds of colorful ______ (flower) in the beautiful garden. 18. My father has two expensive ______ (watch) and he wears them on different days. 19. The green ______ (leaf) on the trees turn yellow and fall down in autumn. 20. I need two small boxes of colored ______ (chalk) for my art class. 代词专项练习 20 题 1. ______ (I) favorite subject at school is English because it is very interesting. 2. This blue pen is not mine. ______ (my) is in my pink pencil-box. 3. The little girl is old enough to look after ______ (she) at home by herself. 4. Help ______ (you) to some fresh fruit on the table, my dear boys. 5. My brother and I both love sports and ______ (we) often play football together. 6. ______ (this) are my new story books and ______ (that) on the desk are yours. 7. ______ (who) red schoolbag is this under the big tree over there? 8. I have two lovely sisters and ______ (they) are both middle school students. 9. This is not our classroom. ______ (our) is on the second floor of the building. 10. The little boy is too young to look after ______ (he) when his parents are out. 11. Help ______ (you) to the delicious cake, everyone here at the party. 12. ______ (that) yellow mountain bike over there is my best friend’s. 13. I have two good friends. ______ (both) of them are good at playing the piano. 14. This math problem is too difficult. I can’t work it out by ______ (I). 15. My new pen is lost. May I use ______ (you) for a few minutes? 16. ______ (who) is knocking at the door? Please go and have a look. 17. The little cat is so lovely. ______ (it) name is Mimi and it likes fish very much. 18. There are many trees on ______ (each) side of the wide quiet street. 19. I have important things to tell ______ (they) after the class is over. 20. These are not our keys. ______ (we) are in the door of our house. 名词： 1.students 2.sheep 3.men 4.photos 5.paper 6.babies 7.people 8.potatoes 9.volunteers 10.mice 11.tea 12.buildings 13.sons;daughters 14.teeth 15.tourists 16.children 17.flowers 18.watches 19.leaves 20.chalk 代词： 1.My 2.Mine 3.herself 4.yourselves 5.we 6.These;those 7.Whose 8.they 9.Ours 10.himself 11.yourselves 12.That 13.Both 14.myself 15.yours 16.Who 17.Its 18.each 19.them 20.Ours 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $