专题02 宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句（复习讲义）（湖南专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题02 宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 宾语从句 考点二 状语从句 考点三 定语从句 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在语法填空和选词填空等题型中。 2．从命题内容上看，宾语从句和状语从句是考查重点。定语从句也有涉及，但相对比重较小。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 宾语从句 / / / 定语从句 / / / 状语从句 长沙第52小题 / / 命题预测 仍将延续“语境化、基础化”的命题特点，侧重基础用法，不考查复杂嵌套，核心围绕“引导词选择”“语序”“时态”“逻辑关系”，其中宾语从句的“陈述语序”、状语从句的“主将从现”、定语从句的“先行词辨析”是高频易错点。 考点一 宾语从句 在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句三大考点：时态、语序、引导词 时态 如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情 况而定。例如： 当主句的谓语动词是 wish, expect 等表示 “希望、期望” 的动词时，宾语从句的时态要与主句的时态在逻辑上保持一致，且常用虚拟语气来表达不太可能实现的愿望等。 I wish that he would come tomorrow. I wish that I were a bird. 如果主句为一般过去时，从句一般要用过去某种时态。 She told me that she would join the club. 如果宾从是客观真理，从句用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 语序 宾语从句总是用陈述句语序，即从句的引导 词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序；当引导词 作主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。 I wonder if he is a driver. Do you know what his name is? I don’t know who saved the girl. 当宾语从句对应特殊疑问句，且疑问词在从句中作定语（修饰名词）时，需保留 “疑问词 + 名词” 的整体结构，不可拆分，从句仍用陈述句语序。 She asked me whose book this was. I wonder which city he will visit next. 引导词 当从句为陈述句时，用that 引导(口语中可省） I know (that) she is a boss. 当从句为并列句时，第二个及以后的宾语从句的引导词 that 不能省略 He said (that) he liked English and that he would learn it well. 当从句作介词的宾语时，引导词 that 不能省略 I'm thinking that he is right. 当从句为一般疑问句时，用 whether/if 引导 I wonder if she is a boss. 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，从句的连接词 由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。 特殊疑问句 做宾语从句时，从句都用“引导词+陈述句语 序 ”，句末是否用问号由主句来定。 Could you please tell me where you are from? He wants to know what he is. 1. 语序必须是陈述句 错：I don’t know where is he. 对：I don’t know where he is. 2. 时态要“呼应” 主句过去，从句一般也用过去。 客观真理永远一般现在时。 3. that / if / whether - 肯定句用 that（可省） - 一般疑问句用 if / whether - 特殊疑问句用 what / where / how 等 4. if 和 whether 小区别 有 or not 时，多用 whether。 1．—I wonder ________ we can visit the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding. —It’s open every day from 7:30 a.m.to 6:00 p.m. A．how B．where C．when 2．—Could you tell me ________? —Sorry, I’ve never had an e-dog before. You’d better read the instructions first. A．where can I buy an e-dog B．where I can buy an e-dog C．how I can turn the e-dog on 3．—Peter, would you please tell me ________. —I’m not sure. Let’s ask our monitor. A．where the school mental health room was B．if we must wear our school uniforms at school C．when should we hand in our weekly reading reports D．that we will have the longest winter holiday this year 4．—Could you tell me ________? —Sure. You can take Bus No. 2. A．how can I get to the museum B．how I can get to the museum C．where I can get to the museum 5．—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? —At 8 o’clock this evening. I will go with you. A．who will attend the party B．when the party will begin C．how we will go to the party 6．—Excuse me! I’m going to the shopping centre. Could you please tell me ________? —Of course. You can take Metro Line 2 there. A．where is it B．how I can get there C．that I take a bus there D．which line can I take there 7．Many students are discussing what AI can do for their study. Do you know ________? A．where does it help most B．what does it help C．how it helps them plan time 8．—More and more families prefer electric cars now. Do you know _________? —Mostly because they are cheaper to run and better for the environment. A．where they buy them B．why they choose them C．how they drive them 9．We wanted to know ________. A．when will the exam begin B．when the exam will begin C．when would the exam begin D．when the exam would begin 10．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —Wait a moment. It is coming in ten minutes. A．where will the next train arrive B．if the next train would arrive C．how soon the next train will arrive D．that the next train will arrive 考点二、状语从句 1．（2025·长沙·中考真题）Still, many people don’t want to read them 52 they are long and have complex plots (复杂的情节). 分类 从句引导词 用法 时间 状从 when 当...时 ①既指时间点，也可指时间段；后可接终止性动词， 也可接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先 后发生 ③when 后一般接过去式：When the teacher came in, we were talking. ④表“突然”：I was having my dinner when there was a sudden knock at the door. while 当...时 ①后接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作是同时发生 ③while 后一般接进行时：While we were talking, the teacher came in. ④表“然而 ” ：Mother was cooking ,while father was watching TV . since 自从... since 引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have worked in this hospital since I came to Beijing. until/till 直到 主句的谓语动词是延续性动词 I’ll wait for you till you come back. not...until 直到...才 主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词 （有时用 never,nothing 等替代 not 表否定） I didn’t go to bed until I finished my work. as soon as 一...就 I’ll call you as soon as I get to school. before/after 在...之前/后 ① You should wash your hands before eating. ② I always feel relaxed after reading a book. 条件 状从 if 如果 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic. as long as 只要 You'll succeed as long as you work hard. unless 除非 She will keep on singing unless she is told to stop. 原因 状从 because 因为（不与 so 连用） I can't do it now because I am busy. since 既然 Since everyone is here,let’s begin our meeting. as 由于 As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 目的 状从 so that in order that 为了 I get up early so that I can catch the bus. 结果 状从 so...that 如此... 以至于 It’s so cold that nobody wants to go out. 让步 状从 though although 虽然（不与 but 连用） They are generous although they are poor. even if 即使 Even though he was late, he was not criticized by the teacher. whatever wherever whenever 无论什么 无论哪里 无论何时 ① Whatever you choose, I will support you. ② Wherever you go, don’t forget to call me. ③ Whenever you need help, just tell me. 比较 状从 than 比... She speaks more English than she did last term. as...as 和...一样 He knows as much about America as we do. not as/so...as 不如... The task is not so easy as it sounds. 1. 主将从现（最常考） 主句将来时，if / when / as soon as 等从句用一般现在时。 - I will go if it is fine tomorrow. 2. because 和 so 不能连用 一句话里只能用一个。 - 错：Because I was late, so I missed the bus. - 对：Because I was late, I missed the bus. 3. though / although 和 but 不能连用 只能留一个。 4. 时间/条件从句不用 will if、when、as soon as 后面一般不加 will。 5. so…that / such…that - so + 形容词/副词 - such + 名词短语 1．We couldn’t go to the park ________ it rained heavily. A．because B．because of C．so D．but 2．We should turn off the lights when we leave the room ________ we can save more electricity. A．so that B．even if C．as soon as D．as long as 3．________ most people get news online, printed newspapers won’t disappear soon. A．Because B．Since C．Though D．Unless 4．—________ you make a decision, you should take action at once. —Yes, actions speak louder than words. A．Unless B．Before C．If 5．It is ________ nice weather ________I’d like to go to the beach and enjoy the sunshine. A．so a; and B．such a; and C．so; that D．such; that 6．You can fail many times, but you won’t be a loser ________ you complain about others all the time. A．unless B．since C．as D．though 7．The dance was ________ popular that ________ many people posted their short videos on the Internet. A．so; so B．such; so C．such; such D．so; such 8．You may not pass the swimming exam ________ you practise as much as possible. A．because B．unless C．if D．since 9．You may not know the value of health ________ you lose it. A．until B．though C．because D．but 10．You can complete the task successfully ________ you follow the steps. A．as much as B．as well as C．as long as 考点三 定语从句 定语从句基本概念与结构 项目 核心内容 示例 定义 修饰名词或代词（即先行词）的从句，相当于形容词的作用，常翻译为 “…… 的” This is the book that I bought yesterday.（这是我昨天买的那本书。） 三大要素 1. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词 / 代词 2. 关系词：连接主句和从句的词（分为关系代词、关系副词） 3. 定语从句：修饰先行词的句子部分 句中： - 先行词：the book - 关系词：that - 定语从句：I bought yesterday 位置规律 通常紧跟在先行词之后，避免歧义 错误：I saw a girl in the park who wears a red dress. 正确：I saw a girl who wears a red dress in the park. 关系代词 指代对象 在句中成分 可省略情况 示例 who 人（主格） 主语 不可省略 The boy who is talking is my brother.（正在说话的男孩是我弟弟。） whom 人（宾格） 宾语 可省略（口语中常用 who 代替） The teacher whom you met yesterday is very kind.（你昨天见到的那位老师很和蔼。） which 物 / 事 主语、宾语 作宾语时可省略 1. The pen which is on the desk is mine.（桌子上的那支笔是我的。） 2. This is the song which I like best.（这是我最喜欢的歌。） that 人 / 物 / 事 主语、宾语 作宾语时可省略 1. The man that helped me is a doctor.（帮我的那个人是医生。） 2. The story that she told is interesting.（她讲的故事很有趣。） whose 人 / 物（所有格） 定语（后接名词） 不可省略 1. This is the student whose bag was lost.（这是那个丢了书包的学生。） 2. I live in a house whose windows face south.（我住在一栋窗户朝南的房子里。） 1. 先找先行词： 人 → who/that 物 → which/that 2. 看到最高级、序数词、不定代词 直接选 that 3. 定语从句只考两个点： 引导词用对 + 从句主谓一致 4. 中考不考太难： 只要分清人用 who，物用 which，都可用 that基本满分。 1．Do you know the man ________ is standing under the tree? A．which B．who C．whom 2．That is the office ________ my father works every day. A．when B．where C．why D．that 3．This is the village ________ my grandparents were born. A．when B．where C．why D．that 4．I still remember the day ________ I first came to this city. A．when B．where C．why D．that 5．The actor ________ read the poem Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai is my neighbour. A．who B．which C．不填 D．whose 6．The shop ________ sells some clothes at a low price is at the end of the street. A．which B．where C．when D．who 7．—I like musicians ________ different kinds of music. —Me, too. A．who play B．play C．who plays 8．—I want to enter the English speech competition, but I think it’s difficult to achieve success in the end. —Don’t worry. Nothing is difficult to the man ________ will try. A．whose B．who C．what D．which 9．The man ________ called yesterday wants to buy the house. A．what B．which C．who D．where 10．This is the first birthday gift ________ I have received. I’ve kept it for many years. A．that B．who C．what D．which 一、单项选择 1．—The dragon boat races are so exciting, but our boat is still behind. —Don’t worry. I’m sure ________. A．how are the races going B．who is the winner C．when the races will end D．that our team will win 2．—I don’t know ________ I can improve my English quickly. —Why not try reading English stories every day? A．how B．what C．when D．where 3．—Let’s discuss ________ we can hold our school charity fair this year. —We could use the playground if the weather is good. A．when B．how C．where D．why 4．I wonder ________ we will have a travel in the coming holiday. A．that B．what C．if D．which 5．—I wonder _________. —The egg. Scientists from Switzerland believe so. A．how long the egg has been in the world B．which came first, the egg or the chicken C．whether you like the egg and the chicken D．when scientists started to study the chicken 6．The Youth Ceremony was held successfully. Could you tell me ________? A．who will be the host of it B．which hall was it held in C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech 7．In the past, people didn’t know that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．travelled C．will travel D．is travelling 8．—Could you tell me ________? —This Saturday. A．who will visit the Science Museum B．when we will visit the Science Museum C．how we will visit the Science Museum 9．People still try to live a green life ________ it’s not always convenient. A．because B．even if C．unless D．so that 10．—You have made much progress in your English ______ you entered the ninth grade. —Yes, I realize English is ______ an interesting subject that I enjoy it very much. A．when, such B．though, so C．since, such 11．—What do you want to be when you grow up? —A musician. Music has been my greatest interest ________ I was a child. A．for B．since C．when 12．—What do you think of your junior high school life? —I think it’s colorful, ________ I am always busy. A．besides B．although C．unless 13．________ it rained very heavily, Tom got to school on time this morning. A．Although B．Unless C．Because D．Until 14． ________ it rained heavily, we still went to the park. A．Though B．Because C．If D．When 15． ________ there is water, there is life. A．Where B．When C．As D．Because 16．The woman ________ is the most important in my life is my mother. A．which B．who C．whom 17．He won the Nobel Prize twice, __________ made him famous all over the world. A．which B．that C．who D．what 18．She pushed for the use of X-ray machines, __________ are now widely used in hospitals. A．that B．which C．who D．whose 19．The student ________ homework is perfect always studies hard. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 20．This is the bag ________ my father bought me for my birthday. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 二、单句语法填空 21．Have you found the young man ______________ saved your dog? 22．Do you believe the story ________ he told us just now? 23．I like the house ________ is across the park. 24．This is the beach ______________ has the most beautiful white sand in the world. 25．This is the market ______________ I pass by on my way home every day. 26．There are some people ______________ faces you can’t forget. 27．You won’t improve your English unless you ________ (work) hard at it. 28．The old man ________ (not sell) his house unless he gets a good price. 29．Your personal information _________ (steal) easily unless you are careful on the Internet. 30．He has worked in this hospital since he __________ school. (leave) 31．I will tell her the news when she __________ (come) to see me next week. 32．If it _________(not rain) tomorrow, we will go to collect waste water for recycling. 33．Don’t worry. I ________ (help) you with your homework as soon as I am free. 34．What will you say at the meeting if you ________ (ask) to? 35．She promised she ________ (return) the book to me the next day, but she didn’t. 36．Lucy said that she ________ (keep) the book for two weeks. 37．Mr Li told us the earth ________ (move) around the sun. 38．I think mooncakes ________ (be) delicious. 39．—I wonder ________ (who) you were talking with over there. —My good friend, Jack. 40．I don’t know where my children ________ (pick) up those rude words. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司20 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 宾语从句 考点二 状语从句 考点三 定语从句 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在语法填空和选词填空等题型中。 2．从命题内容上看，宾语从句和状语从句是考查重点。定语从句也有涉及，但相对比重较小。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 宾语从句 / / / 定语从句 / / / 状语从句 长沙第52小题 / / 命题预测 仍将延续“语境化、基础化”的命题特点，侧重基础用法，不考查复杂嵌套，核心围绕“引导词选择”“语序”“时态”“逻辑关系”，其中宾语从句的“陈述语序”、状语从句的“主将从现”、定语从句的“先行词辨析”是高频易错点。 考点一 宾语从句 在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句三大考点：时态、语序、引导词 时态 如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情 况而定。例如： 当主句的谓语动词是 wish, expect 等表示 “希望、期望” 的动词时，宾语从句的时态要与主句的时态在逻辑上保持一致，且常用虚拟语气来表达不太可能实现的愿望等。 I wish that he would come tomorrow. I wish that I were a bird. 如果主句为一般过去时，从句一般要用过去某种时态。 She told me that she would join the club. 如果宾从是客观真理，从句用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 语序 宾语从句总是用陈述句语序，即从句的引导 词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序；当引导词 作主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。 I wonder if he is a driver. Do you know what his name is? I don’t know who saved the girl. 当宾语从句对应特殊疑问句，且疑问词在从句中作定语（修饰名词）时，需保留 “疑问词 + 名词” 的整体结构，不可拆分，从句仍用陈述句语序。 She asked me whose book this was. I wonder which city he will visit next. 引导词 当从句为陈述句时，用that 引导(口语中可省） I know (that) she is a boss. 当从句为并列句时，第二个及以后的宾语从句的引导词 that 不能省略 He said (that) he liked English and that he would learn it well. 当从句作介词的宾语时，引导词 that 不能省略 I'm thinking that he is right. 当从句为一般疑问句时，用 whether/if 引导 I wonder if she is a boss. 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，从句的连接词 由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。 特殊疑问句 做宾语从句时，从句都用“引导词+陈述句语 序 ”，句末是否用问号由主句来定。 Could you please tell me where you are from? He wants to know what he is. 1. 语序必须是陈述句 错：I don’t know where is he. 对：I don’t know where he is. 2. 时态要“呼应” 主句过去，从句一般也用过去。 客观真理永远一般现在时。 3. that / if / whether - 肯定句用 that（可省） - 一般疑问句用 if / whether - 特殊疑问句用 what / where / how 等 4. if 和 whether 小区别 有 or not 时，多用 whether。 1．—I wonder ________ we can visit the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding. —It’s open every day from 7:30 a.m.to 6:00 p.m. A．how B．where C．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想知道我们什么时候可以参观成都大熊猫繁育研究基地。——它的开放时间是每天早上7:30到下午6:00。 how怎样；where哪里；when什么时候。根据答句“It’s open every day from 7:30 a.m.to 6:00 p.m.”可知，前句询问的是参观的时间，应填when。 2．—Could you tell me ________? —Sorry, I’ve never had an e-dog before. You’d better read the instructions first. A．where can I buy an e-dog B．where I can buy an e-dog C．how I can turn the e-dog on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我如何打开电子狗吗？——抱歉，我从未用过电子狗，你最好先看说明书。 where can I buy an e-dog我能在哪买到一个电子狗？(特殊疑问句的语序)；where I can buy an e-dog我能在哪买到一个电子狗(疑问句，但是是陈述句的语序，用于宾语从句)；how I can turn the e-dog on我如何能打开电子狗(疑问句，但是是陈述句的语序，用于宾语从句)。根据此句是宾语从句的特殊疑问句，宾语从句需用陈述句语序；根据答语“read the instructions”可知，问题与操作电子狗相关，问的应该是如何操作电子狗，而非购买地点。应填how I can turn the e-dog on。 3．—Peter, would you please tell me ________. —I’m not sure. Let’s ask our monitor. A．where the school mental health room was B．if we must wear our school uniforms at school C．when should we hand in our weekly reading reports D．that we will have the longest winter holiday this year 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——彼得，请你告诉我，我们是否必须在学校穿校服。——我不确定。我们去问问班长吧。 考查宾语从句的语序和连接词。where the school mental health room was学校心理健康室在哪里；if we must wear our school uniforms at school我们是否必须在学校穿校服；when should we hand in our weekly reading reports我们什么时候应该交每周阅读报告；that we will have the longest winter holiday this year今年我们将有最长的寒假。根据答语“I’m not sure.”可知，问句询问的是不确定的事情，因此应使用表示疑问的连接词（如if/whether），且宾语从句需用陈述语序，即“主语+谓语”。C项为疑问语序（should we），不符合宾语从句规则；A、D项虽为陈述语序，但答语“我不确定”与A（询问地点）、D（陈述事实）逻辑不符。故选B。 4．—Could you tell me ________? —Sure. You can take Bus No. 2. A．how can I get to the museum B．how I can get to the museum C．where I can get to the museum 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我，我怎样才能到博物馆吗？——当然。你可以坐2路公交车。 考查宾语从句的语序。how can I get to the museum语序错误；how I can get to the museum我怎样才能到博物馆；where I can get to the museum我能在哪里到达博物馆；空格处位于“tell me”后为宾语从句，宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），且根据答语“坐2路公交车”可知问的是方式（how）。故选B。 5．—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? —At 8 o’clock this evening. I will go with you. A．who will attend the party B．when the party will begin C．how we will go to the party 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我派对什么时候开始吗？——今晚8点。我会和你一起去。 考查宾语从句。根据“At 8 o’clock this evening.”可知，回答的是时间，因此问句询问的是派对开始的时间，用when引导宾语从句。故选B。 6．—Excuse me! I’m going to the shopping centre. Could you please tell me ________? —Of course. You can take Metro Line 2 there. A．where is it B．how I can get there C．that I take a bus there D．which line can I take there 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——打扰一下！我要去购物中心。你能告诉我怎么去那里吗？——当然。你可以乘坐地铁2号线去那里。 考查宾语从句的语序和连接词。where is it它在哪里，疑问语序；how I can get there我如何能到那里，陈述语序；that I take a bus there我乘公交车去那里，that引导陈述内容，但答句提到地铁，与问句逻辑不符；which line can I take there我可以乘哪条线，疑问语序。根据“You can take Metro Line 2 there.”可知，问句询问的是交通方式，应使用how引导的宾语从句，且从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语）。B项符合语序和语义要求。故选B。 7．Many students are discussing what AI can do for their study. Do you know ________? A．where does it help most B．what does it help C．how it helps them plan time 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多学生正在讨论AI能为他们的学习做什么。你知道它如何帮助他们规划时间吗？ 考查宾语从句的语序。A项where does it help most和B项what does it help均为疑问句语序（助动词提前），但宾语从句需使用陈述句语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。C项how it helps them plan time为陈述句语序，符合宾语从句规则。故选C。 8．—More and more families prefer electric cars now. Do you know _________? —Mostly because they are cheaper to run and better for the environment. A．where they buy them B．why they choose them C．how they drive them 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——现在越来越多的家庭更喜欢电动汽车。你知道他们为什么选择它们吗？——主要是因为它们使用成本更低且对环境更好。 考查宾语从句引导词辨析。where they buy them他们在哪里买它们；why they choose them他们为什么选择它们；how they drive them他们如何驾驶它们。根据答语“Mostly because they are cheaper to run and better for the environment.”可知，答语解释了原因，因此问句应询问“为什么选择它们”。故选B。 9．We wanted to know ________. A．when will the exam begin B．when the exam will begin C．when would the exam begin D．when the exam would begin 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们想知道考试什么时候开始。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句遵循“主过从必过”的原则，本句主句中的“wanted”是一般过去式，所以从句中的will也要用过去式would，排除AB；宾语从句要使用陈述语序，所以主语the exam在前，动词would在后。故选D。 10．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —Wait a moment. It is coming in ten minutes. A．where will the next train arrive B．if the next train would arrive C．how soon the next train will arrive D．that the next train will arrive 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我下一班火车多久之后到达吗？——等一下。它将在十分钟内到达。 考查宾语从句的引导词。根据答语“It is coming in ten minutes.”可知，此处是询问火车到达的具体时间。“how soon”表示“多久之后”，与答语“in ten minutes”直接对应。故选C。 考点二、状语从句 1．（2025·长沙·中考真题）Still, many people don’t want to read them 52 they are long and have complex plots (复杂的情节). 52．句意：不过，仍有许多人不愿去读这些书，因为它们篇幅很长，情节也十分复杂。“they are long and have complex plots”是“many people don’t want to read them”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 分类 从句引导词 用法 时间 状从 when 当...时 ①既指时间点，也可指时间段；后可接终止性动词， 也可接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先 后发生 ③when 后一般接过去式：When the teacher came in, we were talking. ④表“突然”：I was having my dinner when there was a sudden knock at the door. while 当...时 ①后接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作是同时发生 ③while 后一般接进行时：While we were talking, the teacher came in. ④表“然而 ” ：Mother was cooking ,while father was watching TV . since 自从... since 引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have worked in this hospital since I came to Beijing. until/till 直到 主句的谓语动词是延续性动词 I’ll wait for you till you come back. not...until 直到...才 主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词 （有时用 never,nothing 等替代 not 表否定） I didn’t go to bed until I finished my work. as soon as 一...就 I’ll call you as soon as I get to school. before/after 在...之前/后 ① You should wash your hands before eating. ② I always feel relaxed after reading a book. 条件 状从 if 如果 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic. as long as 只要 You'll succeed as long as you work hard. unless 除非 She will keep on singing unless she is told to stop. 原因 状从 because 因为（不与 so 连用） I can't do it now because I am busy. since 既然 Since everyone is here,let’s begin our meeting. as 由于 As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 目的 状从 so that in order that 为了 I get up early so that I can catch the bus. 结果 状从 so...that 如此... 以至于 It’s so cold that nobody wants to go out. 让步 状从 though although 虽然（不与 but 连用） They are generous although they are poor. even if 即使 Even though he was late, he was not criticized by the teacher. whatever wherever whenever 无论什么 无论哪里 无论何时 ① Whatever you choose, I will support you. ② Wherever you go, don’t forget to call me. ③ Whenever you need help, just tell me. 比较 状从 than 比... She speaks more English than she did last term. as...as 和...一样 He knows as much about America as we do. not as/so...as 不如... The task is not so easy as it sounds. 1. 主将从现（最常考） 主句将来时，if / when / as soon as 等从句用一般现在时。 - I will go if it is fine tomorrow. 2. because 和 so 不能连用 一句话里只能用一个。 - 错：Because I was late, so I missed the bus. - 对：Because I was late, I missed the bus. 3. though / although 和 but 不能连用 只能留一个。 4. 时间/条件从句不用 will if、when、as soon as 后面一般不加 will。 5. so…that / such…that - so + 形容词/副词 - such + 名词短语 1．We couldn’t go to the park ________ it rained heavily. A．because B．because of C．so D．but 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们不能去公园，因为雨下得很大。 考查连词辨析。because因为，后接从句；because of因为，后接名词、代词或名词性短语等；so所以；but但是。“it rained heavily”是一个完整的句子，所以此处应该用because来引导原因状语从句，表示不能去公园的原因。故选A。 2．We should turn off the lights when we leave the room ________ we can save more electricity. A．so that B．even if C．as soon as D．as long as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们离开房间时应该关灯，以便节省更多电力。 考查连词短语辨析。so that以便，为了，引导目的状语从句；even if即使，引导让步状语从句；as soon as一……就……，引导时间状语从句；as long as只要，引导条件状语从句。根据主句“turn off the lights”和从句“we can save more electricity”的逻辑关系可知，后者是前者的目的，应用so that。故选A。 3．________ most people get news online, printed newspapers won’t disappear soon. A．Because B．Since C．Though D．Unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管大多数人从网上获取新闻，但印刷报纸不会很快消失。 考查连词辨析。Because因为；Since既然/自从；Though尽管；Unless除非。根据“printed newspapers won’t disappear soon”可知，前后两句为转折关系，表示“虽然大多数人从网上获取新闻，但印刷报纸不会很快消失”，应选用表示让步的连词“Though”。故选C。 4．—________ you make a decision, you should take action at once. —Yes, actions speak louder than words. A．Unless B．Before C．If 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——如果你做了决定，就应该立刻行动。——是的，行动胜于雄辩。 考查连词辨析。Unless除非；Before在……之前；If如果。根据“you make a decision, you should take action at once”可知，此处强调“一旦做出决定，就应立刻行动”，此处表示条件关系，应选用表示假设的连词“If”。故选C。 5．It is ________ nice weather ________I’d like to go to the beach and enjoy the sunshine. A．so a; and B．such a; and C．so; that D．such; that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：天气如此好，以至于我想去海滩享受阳光。 考查“such…that…”结构。so a; and如此一个，和；such a; and这样一个，和；so; that如此，以至于；such; that如此，以至于。weather为不可数名词，不能用a修饰，排除A、B；so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词，此处修饰名词短语nice weather，应用such…that…结构表示“如此……以至于……”。故选D。 6．You can fail many times, but you won’t be a loser ________ you complain about others all the time. A．unless B．since C．as D．though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你可以失败很多次，但除非你总是抱怨别人，否则你不会成为失败者。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；since自从，因为；as因为，当……时；though尽管。根据句意逻辑，空格后“你总是抱怨别人”是成为失败者的条件，且为否定条件（即“如果不抱怨就不会成为失败者”），只有unless符合“除非……否则不”的语义。故选A。 7．The dance was ________ popular that ________ many people posted their short videos on the Internet. A．so; so B．such; so C．such; such D．so; such 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个舞蹈如此受欢迎，以至于如此多的人把他们的短视频发布到了网上。 考查so/such的用法辨析。so如此，修饰形容词或副词；such这样的，修饰名词（常接“a/an+形容词+名词”或“形容词+复数/不可数名词”）。第一空后popular是形容词，应用so；第二空后many people中many修饰复数名词，固定搭配“so many+复数名词”表示“如此多……”。故选A。 8．You may not pass the swimming exam ________ you practise as much as possible. A．because B．unless C．if D．since 【答案】B 【详解】句意：除非你尽可能多地练习，否则你可能无法通过游泳考试。 考查连词辨析。because因为；unless除非；if如果；since自从/既然。前半句“你可能无法通过游泳考试”与后半句的“尽可能多练习”之间是条件关系，且表示“如果不……就……”，unless符合逻辑。故选B。 9．You may not know the value of health ________ you lose it. A．until B．though C．because D．but 【答案】A 【详解】句意：直到失去健康，你才可能知道它的价值。 考查连词辨析。until直到；though尽管；because因为；but但是。根据“may not know the value of health ... you lose it.”可知，是指直到失去健康，才可能知道它的价值，“not...until...”表示“直到……才……”。故选A。 10．You can complete the task successfully ________ you follow the steps. A．as much as B．as well as C．as long as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：只要你按照步骤来，你就能成功完成这个任务。 考查连词短语辨析。as much as 和……一样多；as well as 和……一样好，也；as long as 只要。根据句意，前后是条件关系，表示“只要按照步骤，就能成功完成任务”，应选用表示条件的连词短语 as long as。故选C。 考点三 定语从句 定语从句基本概念与结构 项目 核心内容 示例 定义 修饰名词或代词（即先行词）的从句，相当于形容词的作用，常翻译为 “…… 的” This is the book that I bought yesterday.（这是我昨天买的那本书。） 三大要素 1. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词 / 代词 2. 关系词：连接主句和从句的词（分为关系代词、关系副词） 3. 定语从句：修饰先行词的句子部分 句中： - 先行词：the book - 关系词：that - 定语从句：I bought yesterday 位置规律 通常紧跟在先行词之后，避免歧义 错误：I saw a girl in the park who wears a red dress. 正确：I saw a girl who wears a red dress in the park. 关系代词 指代对象 在句中成分 可省略情况 示例 who 人（主格） 主语 不可省略 The boy who is talking is my brother.（正在说话的男孩是我弟弟。） whom 人（宾格） 宾语 可省略（口语中常用 who 代替） The teacher whom you met yesterday is very kind.（你昨天见到的那位老师很和蔼。） which 物 / 事 主语、宾语 作宾语时可省略 1. The pen which is on the desk is mine.（桌子上的那支笔是我的。） 2. This is the song which I like best.（这是我最喜欢的歌。） that 人 / 物 / 事 主语、宾语 作宾语时可省略 1. The man that helped me is a doctor.（帮我的那个人是医生。） 2. The story that she told is interesting.（她讲的故事很有趣。） whose 人 / 物（所有格） 定语（后接名词） 不可省略 1. This is the student whose bag was lost.（这是那个丢了书包的学生。） 2. I live in a house whose windows face south.（我住在一栋窗户朝南的房子里。） 1. 先找先行词： 人 → who/that 物 → which/that 2. 看到最高级、序数词、不定代词 直接选 that 3. 定语从句只考两个点： 引导词用对 + 从句主谓一致 4. 中考不考太难： 只要分清人用 who，物用 which，都可用 that基本满分。 1．Do you know the man ________ is standing under the tree? A．which B．who C．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你认识那个正站在树下的男人吗？ which用于定语从句中，先行词为物；who用于定语从句中，先行词为人且关系词在从句中作主语；whom用于定语从句中，先行词为人且关系词在从句中作宾语。分析本句结构可知，先行词the man指人，空格处关系词在从句中作主语，因此who符合要求。 2．That is the office ________ my father works every day. A．when B．where C．why D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那是我父亲每天工作的办公室。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。when当……时；where在……地方；why为什么；that那个。本句是定语从句，先行词“the office”表示地点，从句“my father works every day”，句子完整，缺少地点状语，需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选B。 3．This is the village ________ my grandparents were born. A．when B．where C．why D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这就是我祖父母出生的村庄。 考查定语从句关系词。when当……时；where在……地方；why为什么；that那个。先行词“the village”表示地点，从句“my grandparents were born”缺少地点状语，需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选B。 4．I still remember the day ________ I first came to this city. A．when B．where C．why D．that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我仍然记得我第一次来到这座城市的那一天。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。when当……时，关系副词；where在……地方，关系副词；why为什么，关系副词；that关系代词。先行词是“the day”，表示时间，从句“I first came to this city”中不缺主语或宾语，缺少时间状语，需用关系副词when引导定语从句。故选A。 5．The actor ________ read the poem Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai is my neighbour. A．who B．which C．不填 D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那位朗诵李白《静夜思》的演员是我的邻居。 考查定语从句关系代词的用法。who谁（指人）；which哪个（指物）；不填（关系代词省略）；whose谁的（表示所属关系）。在这个句子中，“…read the poem Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai”是一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“The actor”，表示“读《静夜思》的演员”，在这个定语从句中，缺少一个关系词来引导从句，并指代先行词“The actor”在从句中作主语，who符合。故选A。 6．The shop ________ sells some clothes at a low price is at the end of the street. A．which B．where C．when D．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那个以低价卖一些衣服的商店在街道的尽头。 考查关系代词辨析。which哪个，指代事物；where在哪里，指代地点；when当……时，指代时间；who谁，指代人。根据“The shop ... sells some clothes at a low price”可知，本句是定语从句，此处缺少关系代词，先行词是the shop，指物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故选A。 7．—I like musicians ________ different kinds of music. —Me, too. A．who play B．play C．who plays 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。——我也是。 考查定语从句。根据“I like musicians ... different kinds of music.”及选项可知，本句是定语从句，先行词musicians指人，是复数，且在从句中作主语，因此谓语动词用原形play，关系词用who。故选A。 8．—I want to enter the English speech competition, but I think it’s difficult to achieve success in the end. —Don’t worry. Nothing is difficult to the man ________ will try. A．whose B．who C．what D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想参加英语演讲比赛，但我觉得最终很难成功。——别担心。世上无难事，只怕有心人。 考查关系代词辨析。whose谁的，在定语从句中作定语；who谁，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指人；what什么，引导名词性从句；which哪一个，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指物。根据“Nothing is difficult to the man…will try.”可知，这句话是定语从句，先行词是“the man”，指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选B。 9．The man ________ called yesterday wants to buy the house. A．what B．which C．who D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天打电话来的那个男人想买这栋房子。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。what不能引导定语从句；which指代物；who指代人；where指代地点。根据“The man”可知，先行词是人，定语从句中需要指代人的关系词，who符合语境，在从句中作主语。故选C。 10．This is the first birthday gift ________ I have received. I’ve kept it for many years. A．that B．who C．what D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是第一个我收到的生日礼物。我已经保存它很多年了。 考查定语从句的关系代词。 that关系代词，即指人也指物，充当主语、宾语、表语；who谁，关系代词，只指人，充当主语、宾语；what 什么，不用于定语从句；which关系代词，既指人也指物，充当主语、宾语。分析句子“This is the first birthday gift…I have received.”可知，该从句是定语从句，可排除C选项，且先行词“the first birthday gift”表示物，且被序数词first修饰，关系代词在从句中作宾语，只能用that。故选A。 一、单项选择 1．—The dragon boat races are so exciting, but our boat is still behind. —Don’t worry. I’m sure ________. A．how are the races going B．who is the winner C．when the races will end D．that our team will win 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——龙舟比赛真刺激，但我们船还落后。——别担心。我相信我们的队会赢。 考查宾语从句。how are the races going比赛进行得怎么样，疑问语序；who is the winner获胜者是谁，疑问语序；when the races will end比赛何时结束，陈述语序；that our team will win我们的队会赢，陈述语序。主句“I’m sure”后接宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除A、B。根据前句“Don’t worry”可知，说话人是在安慰对方，表达对结果的积极预期，应用that引导的肯定性从句。故选D。 2．—I don’t know ________ I can improve my English quickly. —Why not try reading English stories every day? A．how B．what C．when D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我不知道如何能快速提高我的英语。——为什么不尝试每天读英语故事呢？ 考查疑问词辨析。how如何；what什么；when什么时候；where在哪里。根据答语“Why not try reading English stories every day?”可知，此处是询问提高英语的方法，即不知道如何能快速提高英语，所以应该用how。故选A。 3．—Let’s discuss ________ we can hold our school charity fair this year. —We could use the playground if the weather is good. A．when B．how C．where D．why 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——让我们讨论一下今年在哪里举行学校慈善义卖。——如果天气好，我们可以在操场举行。 when什么时候；how怎样；where哪里；why为什么。根据下文提到“the playground”可知是在讨论地点，应填where。 4．I wonder ________ we will have a travel in the coming holiday. A．that B．what C．if D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想知道在即将到来的假期我们是否会去旅行。 that引导宾语从句时无实际意义；what什么；if是否；which哪一个。根据句意可知，此处想知道“是否”会在假期旅行，应填if。 5．—I wonder _________. —The egg. Scientists from Switzerland believe so. A．how long the egg has been in the world B．which came first, the egg or the chicken C．whether you like the egg and the chicken D．when scientists started to study the chicken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道先有鸡还是先有蛋。——鸡蛋。来自瑞士的科学家这么认为。 考查which引导的宾语从句。根据答语“The egg”可知，问句是在询问“先有鸡还是先有蛋”这一选择性问题，而答语直接对应选项B的内容，科学家认为先有蛋。故选B。 6．The Youth Ceremony was held successfully. Could you tell me ________? A．who will be the host of it B．which hall was it held in C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech 【答案】C 【详解】句意：青年典礼成功举办。你能告诉我谁的表演让你最激动吗？ 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，故B项错误；根据主句“Could you tell me”可知，宾语从句带有疑问语气，D项虽为陈述语序，但“that”引导的宾语从句陈述事实，故D项错误；主句是一般现在时，宾语从句应用所需的任一时态，根据“The Youth Ceremony was held successfully.”可知是一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作，故A项时态错误，C项正确。故选C。 7．In the past, people didn’t know that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．travelled C．will travel D．is travelling 【答案】A 【详解】句意：过去，人们不知道光比声音传播得快。 考查时态。根据“light…faster than sound”可知，“光速比声速快”是客观真理，应用一般现在时。故选A。 8．—Could you tell me ________? —This Saturday. A．who will visit the Science Museum B．when we will visit the Science Museum C．how we will visit the Science Museum 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们什么时候参观科学博物馆吗？——这周六。 考查宾语从句。who will visit the Science Museum谁将参观科学博物馆；when we will visit the Science Museum何时我们参观科学博物馆；how we will visit the Science Museum我们如何参观科学博物馆。根据答语“This Saturday.”可知，询问的是时间，需when引导宾语从句。故选B。 9．People still try to live a green life ________ it’s not always convenient. A．because B．even if C．unless D．so that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人们仍然努力过绿色生活，即使这并不总是很方便。 because因为；even if即使；unless除非；so that以便。根据“People still try to live a green life”以及“it’s not always convenient”可知，尽管绿色生活并不总是方便，但人们仍然努力践行，前后句为让步关系，应填even if。 10．—You have made much progress in your English ______ you entered the ninth grade. —Yes, I realize English is ______ an interesting subject that I enjoy it very much. A．when, such B．though, so C．since, such 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——自从你进入九年级以来，你的英语水平有了很大的提高。——是的，我意识到英语是一门非常有趣的学科，所以我非常喜欢它。 when当……时；such如此；though虽然；so因此；since自从。根据题干“have made”可知，这是现在完成时，通常与“since”连用，表示从某个时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。在这里就表示“自从你进入九年级以来”，符合语境，因此第一空应填“since”；根据题干“an interesting subject”可知，此处是要修饰名词“subject”，表示“如此有趣的一门学科”，“such”通常用于修饰名词，表示“如此的”，符合语境，因此第二空应填“such”。 11．—What do you want to be when you grow up? —A musician. Music has been my greatest interest ________ I was a child. A．for B．since C．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你长大后想做什么？——音乐家。音乐是我从小以来最大的兴趣。 考查连词辨析。for为了；since自从；when当……时。主句“Music has been my greatest interest”使用现在完成时，且从句“I was a child”表示过去的时间起点，所以此处需用“since”引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”。故选B。 12．—What do you think of your junior high school life? —I think it’s colorful, ________ I am always busy. A．besides B．although C．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你觉得你的初中生活怎么样？——我认为它是丰富多彩的，尽管我总是很忙。 考查连词辨析。besides此外；although尽管；unless除非。“I am always busy”表示让步，虽然总是很忙，但依旧认为初中生活丰富多彩，用although引导让步状语从句。故选B。 13．________ it rained very heavily, Tom got to school on time this morning. A．Although B．Unless C．Because D．Until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管雨下得很大，汤姆今天早上还是准时到了学校。 考查连词辨析。Although尽管；Unless除非；Because因为；Until直到。根据“…it rained very heavily, Tom got to school on time this morning.”可知，前后是让步关系，应使用表示让步的连词Although。故选A。 14． ________ it rained heavily, we still went to the park. A．Though B．Because C．If D．When 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管雨下得很大，我们仍然去了公园。 考查连词辨析。Though尽管；Because因为；If如果；When当……时。根据主句“we still went to the park”中的“still”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，表示“虽然下雨，但还是去了公园”，因此应选用表示让步的连词“Though”。故选A。 15． ________ there is water, there is life. A．Where B．When C．As D．Because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：哪里有水，哪里就有生命。 考查连词辨析。Where哪里；When当……时；As当……时/因为；Because因为。根据“there is water”可知，有水的地方，就有生命，应用Where引导地点状语从句。故选A。 16．The woman ________ is the most important in my life is my mother. A．which B．who C．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在我生命中最重要的那个女人是我的妈妈。 根据“The woman...is the most important in my life is my mother.”可知，此处为定语从句，先行词“The woman”指人，且在从句中作主语，应填who。 17．He won the Nobel Prize twice, __________ made him famous all over the world. A．which B．that C．who D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他两次获得诺贝尔奖，这使他闻名世界。 考查非限制性定语从句。which哪一个；that那个；who谁；what什么。分析句子结构，逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句“He won the Nobel Prize twice”，需用关系代词which指代整个主句内容，在从句中作主语。故选A。 18．She pushed for the use of X-ray machines, __________ are now widely used in hospitals. A．that B．which C．who D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她推动了X光机的使用，这些机器现在在医院里被广泛使用。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。that那个/那些，可指人或物；which哪个/哪些，指物；who谁，指人；whose谁的，表示所属关系。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词X-ray machines（指物），且从句中缺少主语，应使用关系代词which。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。故选B。 19．The student ________ homework is perfect always studies hard. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那个作业完美的学生总是学习努力。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。who谁，主格；which哪个，指物；whom谁，宾格；whose谁的，表示所属关系。本句为定语从句，空格后“homework is perfect”是一个完整的句子，但“homework”与先行词“the student”之间是所属关系，意为“学生的作业”，因此需用关系代词whose引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语修饰homework。故选D。 20．This is the bag ________ my father bought me for my birthday. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我爸爸给我买的生日礼物包。 考查定语从句关系代词辨析。who谁，指人，主格；which哪个，指物，主格或宾格；whom谁，指人，宾格；whose谁的，表示所属关系。本句是定语从句，先行词是the bag，指物，且从句中bought后缺宾语，应用指物的关系代词which。故选B。 二、单句语法填空 21．Have you found the young man ______________ saved your dog? 【答案】who/that 【详解】句意：你找到救你狗的那个年轻人了吗？分析句子可知，此处为定语从句，先行词是the young man，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或者that来引导定语从句。故填who/that。 22．Do you believe the story ________ he told us just now? 【答案】that/which 【详解】句意：你相信他刚才给我们讲的故事吗？根据“Do you believe the story … he told us just now?”可知，本句为定语从句，且从句缺宾语，先行词the story为物，因此用that/which引导。故填that/which。 23．I like the house ________ is across the park. 【答案】which/that 【详解】句意：我喜欢公园对面的那座房子。根据“I like the house … is across the park.”可知，此句为定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词the house为物，因此用which或that引导。故填which/that。 24．This is the beach ______________ has the most beautiful white sand in the world. 【答案】which/that 【详解】句意：这是一个拥有世界上最美丽的白沙的海滩。分析句子，该句是定语从句，先行词是“the beach”，在从句中作主语，关系代词which/that符合题意。故填which/that。 25．This is the market ______________ I pass by on my way home every day. 【答案】which/that 【详解】句意：这是我每天回家路上经过的市场。分析句子结构可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是the market，指物，在从句中作宾语，用which/that引导定语从句。故填which/that。 26．There are some people ______________ faces you can’t forget. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：有些人的面孔你无法忘记。根据句意可知，此处需要一个关系代词来引导定语从句“... faces you can’t forget”，修饰先行词“people”，并在从句中作定语。关系代词“whose”表示“……的”，用来修饰名词“faces”，符合句意。故填whose。 27．You won’t improve your English unless you ________ (work) hard at it. 【答案】work 【详解】句意：除非你努力学习英语，否则你不会提高你的英语水平。根据“won’t improve”可知，此句是一般将来时，在unless引导的条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。主语you是第二人称，所以动词用原形。故填work。 28．The old man ________ (not sell) his house unless he gets a good price. 【答案】won’t sell 【详解】句意：这位老人不会卖掉他的房子，除非他得到一个好价钱。此处是“unless”引导的条件状语从句。从句“he gets a good price”使用了一般现在时，所以主句应使用一般将来时。一般将来时的否定结构为“will not + 动词原形”，“will not”可缩写为“won’t” ，这里的动词原形为“sell”。故填won’t sell。 29．Your personal information _________ (steal) easily unless you are careful on the Internet. 【答案】will be stolen 【详解】句意：除非你在互联网上小心谨慎，否则你的个人信息很容易被窃取。分析句子结构，此处为unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句“unless you are careful on the Internet.”为一般现在时，表示假设条件，主句需用一般将来时，表示在条件成立时的结果。主语Your personal information与动词steal之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，因此用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be+过去分词”，steal的过去分词是stolen。故填will be stolen。 30．He has worked in this hospital since he __________ school. (leave) 【答案】left 【详解】句意：他离开学校后就一直在这家医院工作。分析题干可知，主句时态为现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句通常使用一般过去时，也就是说“离开学校”是过去发生的事情，谓语动词应用过去式left。故填left。 31．I will tell her the news when she __________ (come) to see me next week. 【答案】comes 【详解】句意：当她下周来看我时，我会告诉她这个消息。分析句子结构可知，句子为when引导的时间状语从句，符合“主将从现”原则，主语为一般将来时，从句应为一般现在时；主语she为第三人称单数，谓语动词come应用三单形式comes。故填comes。 32．If it _________(not rain) tomorrow, we will go to collect waste water for recycling. 【答案】doesn’t rain 【详解】句意：如果明天不下雨，我们将去收集废水以便回收利用。if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，所以空处的时态为一般现在时。一般现在时的否定形式需要借助doesn’t或don’t，空处前it为单数，所以用doesn’t。故填doesn’t rain。 33．Don’t worry. I ________ (help) you with your homework as soon as I am free. 【答案】will help 【详解】句意：不要担心。我一有空就会帮助你的作业。as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句是一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，即遵循“主将从现”原则，因此空处用一般将来时：will+动词原形。故填will help。 34．What will you say at the meeting if you ________ (ask) to? 【答案】are asked 【详解】句意：如果你被邀请在会议上发言，你会说什么？结合语境，if引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作。从句主语为you，与动词ask“请求”存在逻辑上的被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。从句主语为you，be动词应用are，动词ask的过去分词为asked。故填are asked。 35．She promised she ________ (return) the book to me the next day, but she didn’t. 【答案】would return 【详解】句意：她承诺第二天会把书还给我，但她没做到。“promised”在句中作谓语，主句为一般过去时；宾语从句中“the next day”是相对于“承诺”这个过去动作的将来时间，故从句需用过去将来时，其结构为“would+动词原形”；“return”为动词原形，故填would return。   36．Lucy said that she ________ (keep) the book for two weeks. 【答案】had kept 【详解】句意：露西说她这本书已经借了两个星期了。根据主句谓语动词“said”可知，主句时态为一般过去时，宾语从句的时态也应使用相应的过去时态；再根据从句中的时间状语“for two weeks”可知，从句表示的动作发生在“said”这一过去的时间点之前，并一直延续到此时，应用过去完成时，其结构为“had+过去分词”。keep是动词，意为“保存”，其过去分词为kept。故填had kept。 37．Mr Li told us the earth ________ (move) around the sun. 【答案】moves 【详解】句意：李先生告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。根据“Mr Li told us the earth...around the sun.”可知，从句表达的是客观事实，所以时态不受主句影响，应使用一般现在时，主语是“the earth”，谓语动词用三单形式moves。故填moves。 38．I think mooncakes ________ (be) delicious. 【答案】are 【详解】句意：我认为月饼很美味。think后是宾语从句，时态遵循“主现从不限”原则，此处表达观点，时态用一般现在时，主语“mooncakes”是复数，be动词用are。故填are。 39．—I wonder ________ (who) you were talking with over there. —My good friend, Jack. 【答案】whom 【详解】句意： ——我想知道你在那边和谁交谈？ —— 我的好朋友杰克。“wonder” 后是宾语从句，“talking with” 缺宾语，“who” 宾格 “whom” 可作宾语，故填 whom。 40．I don’t know where my children ________ (pick) up those rude words. 【答案】have picked 【详解】句意：我不知道我的孩子们是从哪儿学来那些粗话的。本句是where引导的宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，从句时态不限；根据句意可知强调对现在的影响，判断用现在完成时，现在完成时的构成是：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词； 从句的主语是复数名词，助动词用have，后跟过去分词picked。故填have picked。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司20 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $