专题03 形容词和副词（复习讲义）（湖南专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题03 形容词和副词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 形容词 考点二 副词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1. 形容词：形容词作定语/表语、比较级/最高级变化（规则/不规则）、词义辨析、固定搭配（be interested in, be proud of等）。 2. 副词：副词修饰动词/形容词/副词、比较级/最高级、词义辨析（hard/hardly, late/lately等）、常见副词的用法（时间、地点、方式、程度）。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 形容词 长沙第51小题 湖南第53小题 长沙第50小题 湖南第46和53小题 长沙第52小题 副词 长沙第55小题 湖南第51小题 长沙第55小题 湖南第51小题 长沙第49小题 命题预测 1. 语境化：越来越注重在具体语境中考形容词、副词的运用，很少孤立地考查单词的基本含义，强调在真实情境中理解和表达。 2. 综合化：一道题中可能综合考查多个考点，如形容词比较级结合副词修饰，或与主谓一致、非谓语动词等知识点结合，构成综合性考点。 3. 生活化：选材多与日常生活、校园生活、社会热点（如环保、科技、传统文化）等相关，让学生在熟悉的情境中运用名/形/副知识。 考点一 形容词 1．（2025·长沙·中考真题）There are also (new) classics than those above, such as Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions. 句意：还有比上述作品更新的经典作品，比如《西游记》和《红楼梦》。根据“than”可知，此处应使用比较级，故填newer。 2．（2025·湖南·中考真题）With the help of archaeologists (考古学家) and historians, artists painted recreations of life in Jijiaocheng in a (tradition) scroll (卷釉). 句意：艺术家们在一幅传统卷轴上重现了极交城的生活场景。根据“scroll”可知，需用形容词traditional修饰名词。故填traditional。 3．（2024·长沙·中考真题）Orchids say, “Wish you to be (luck), successful and happy.” During the holiday period, this plant is a must. 句意：兰花的意思是：“祝你幸运、成功、快乐。”此处在句中作表语，用其形容词形式，故填lucky。 4． （2024·湖南·中考真题）I work at a most popular restaurant in my hometown. I love working here as a member of a fantastic team. People here are very 1 (friend), and hard-working. Well-prepared natural food has a 2 (good) taste than fast food. 1．句意：这里的人都很友好而且辛勤。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词形式，作表语，friendly“友好的”符合。故填friendly。 2．句意：精心准备的天然食品比快餐更美味。根据空后的“than”可知，此处使用比较级形式。故填better。 5．（2023·长沙·中考真题）It makes (enjoy) memories (回忆). 句意：它带来愉快的回忆。此处作定语修饰memories，用形容词形式。故填enjoyable。 形容词用法 基本用法 位置 例子 ①放在名词或代词前，作定语 adj. + n. a beautiful flower ②放在enough 前面 adj. + enough interesting enough ③放在不定代词后，作后置定语 不定代词 + adj. something important ④放在系动词（be 动词/感官动词后），作表语 系动词 + adj She is smart. The cat looks cute. ⑤ed 结尾的形容词（人感到……），主语一般是人 ing 结尾的形容词（令人感到……），主语一般是物 excited 激动的 exciting 令人激动的 特殊句型 例句 ①It’s + adj. + for/ of sb. to do sth. （用for 时，形容词形容物/用 of 时，形容词形容人） It's important for us to learn English well. It’s kind of you to help the old man. ②sb. find/ think it + adj. to do sth. I find/ think it useful to read more books. 多个形容词顺序 【口诀】美小圆旧黄 中国木书房 （品质特征/大小长短高低/形状/新旧/颜色/国家地区出处/材质/用途） 【注意】有些词ly 结尾实为形容词：friendly/ lovely/ lonely/ daily（每天的） 形容词原级的用法 1.说明人或物自身的特征、性质或状态 The flowers are beautiful. 2.被 very,so,too,enough,quite 等修饰时 very tall old enough 3.A…as…as B A 和 B 一样… A…not as(so)…as B A 不如 B … English is as interesting as Chinese. This book is not as new as that one. 4.A…+倍数+as…as B A 是 B 的…倍 Our school is three times as big as theirs. 形容词比较等级 1.形容词比较等级的构成（规则变化） 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词 和少数双音节词 ①一般直接加-er,-est long tall longer taller longest tallest ②以不发音 e 结尾加 -r,-st late large later larger latest largest ③辅音字母+y 结尾， 改 y 为 i,再加-er,-est easy happy easier happier easiest happiest ④重读辅元辅结尾，双 写末尾字母，再加 -er,-est big hot thin fat bigger hotter thinner fatter biggest hottest thinnest fattest 多音节词 和部分双音节词 ⑤在原级前加 more,most careful outgoing more careful more outgoing most careful most outgoing 2.形容词比较等级的构成（不规则变化） 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little (few) less (fewer) least (fewest） far farther 较远的 further 较远的；更深入的 farthest 最远的 furthest 最远的；最深入的 old older 较老的，较旧的，年龄较大的 elder 年龄较大的（用于人，表长幼排） oldest 较老的，较旧的，年龄较大的 eldest 年龄较大的（用于人，表长幼排行） 3.形容词比较等级的用法 1).比较级前可有 a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, far, still 等修饰。 much colder, a little hotter 2).A+比较级+ than +B This room is bigger than that one. 3).“Which/Who… +比较级，A or B? ” Who is taller, Tom or Bob? 4).“the +比较级+of the two ” Tom is the taller of the two. 5).“比较级 and 比较级”、“more and more+原级 ” hotter and hotter, more and more beautiful 6).“the+比较级，the+比较级 ” The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. 形容词最高级 1)“the+最高级+in/ of 短语 ”，表“…中 最…的 ”。 This book is the most interesting of all. This is the biggest factory in Beijing. 2)“Which/ Who is+ the +最高级，A or B or C? ”，表 “三者中最…的 ”。 Who is the youngest,Tom,Jack or John? 3)“one of the +最高级+n 复 ”，表“最… 的…之一 ”。 She is one of the most popular teachers. 4)“序数词+最高级+n 单 ”，表“第几最… ”。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 注意：最高级前面通常要加 the ，但： 1) 副词的最高级前面可以省略 the； He works most carefully. 2) 形容词最高级前面有形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，前面不用加 the。 This is our best friend. 1. 形容词 · 修饰名词，放在名词前或系动词后 a beautiful girl She is happy. 2. 比较等级 · 原级：as + 原级 + as He is as tall as me. · 比较级： · er：taller 双写：bigger, hotter 变 y 为 i：heavier 多音节：more beautiful · 最高级：the + 最高级 the tallest；the most beautiful 3. 常考句型 · 比较级 + and + 比较级：越来越…… hotter and hotter · the + 比较级，the + 比较级：越…… 越…… The more, the better. 1．The music is one of the most __________ (move) pieces of music that I have ever heard. 【答案】moving 【详解】句意：这首音乐是我听过的最感人的音乐作品之一。move意为“感动”，是动词。其形容词形式有moving（令人感动的，常修饰事物）和moved（感到感动的，常修饰人）。此处修饰pieces of music，说明音乐本身的特性，应用moving。故填moving。 2．I’d like to watch ________ (educate) documentaries because I can learn a lot of knowledge from them. 【答案】educational 【详解】句意：我想看教育类纪录片，因为我能从中学到很多知识。根据“watch...documentaries”可知空格处需填入形容词，在句中作定语修饰该名词documentaries，提示词educate对应的形容词形式educational，意为“有教育意义的，教育的”。故填educational。 3．It may be difficult to only speak English during your English class, but it will help you learn much ________ (fast). 【答案】faster 【详解】句意：在英语课上只说英语可能很难，但这会帮助你学得快得多。much修饰比较级，“fast”的比较级是“faster”，表示“更快地”。故填faster。 4．Don’t leave the tea sets ________ (tidy) after drinking tea. Keep them clean and in order. 【答案】untidy 【详解】句意：喝茶后不要让茶具不整洁。保持它们干净有序。tidy“整洁的”，根据“Keep them clean and in order.”可知此处表示“不整洁的”，用形容词untidy“不整洁的”，符合“leave sth.+adj.”结构，故填untidy。 5．Traditional tea-making skills are ________ (value) and worth passing down. 【答案】valuable 【详解】句意：传统制茶技艺很有价值，值得传承。value“价值”，名词；此处放在系动词are后作表语，需要用形容词形式valuable。故填valuable。 6．We all like that ________ (humor) host because his shows are always full of fun. 【答案】humorous 【详解】句意：我们都喜欢那个幽默的主持人，因为他的节目总是充满乐趣。humor“幽默”，是名词。分析句子结构可知，此处用形容词作定语，修饰名词“host”，humorous“幽默的”符合语境。故填humorous。 7．The government made it a rule that the ________ (wealth) you are, the more income taxes (税) you may have to pay. 【答案】wealthier 【详解】句意：政府规定，你越富有，可能需要缴纳的所得税就越多。根据“The government made it a rule that the...you are, the more income taxes (税) you may have to pay.”可知，此句为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，wealth“财富”，名词，此处用形容词作表语，wealthy“富有的”，比较级为wealthier。故填wealthier。 8．That was the ________ birthday party I’ve ever had! (happy) 【答案】happiest 【详解】句意：那是我曾拥有过的最快乐的生日聚会！happy“快乐的”，根据“I’ve ever had”可知，此处是在描述与之前所有生日聚会相比较，是最高级的表达，应该用happy的最高级形式happiest。故填happiest。 9．Wushu is one of the ________ (early) sports in China. 【答案】earliest 【详解】句意：武术是中国最早的运动之一。根据“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构可知，此处应填early的最高级形式earliest。故填earliest。 10．The ________ (care) boy made many mistakes in his homework. 【答案】careless 【详解】句意：这个粗心的男孩在作业里犯了很多错误。care“关心；照料”，动词/名词；此处需要形容词修饰名词boy，结合“made many mistakes”可知，应使用care的形容词形式careless，表示“粗心的”。故填careless。 考点二 副词 1．（2025·长沙·中考真题） (slow) but surely, you will fall in love with them. 句意：慢慢地但毫无疑问，你会爱上它们的。此处与“surely”并列，使用副词形式，句首需大写首字母，故填Slowly。 2．（2025·湖南·中考真题）This is not some bedtime story. It (real) took place around 4,500 years ago. 句意：它确实发生在约4500年前。根据“took place”可知，需用副词really修饰动词。故填really。 3．（2024·长沙·中考真题） (certain), apples make great gifts. 句意：当然，苹果是很好的礼物。此处在句中修饰整个句子，用副词Certainly放句首，故填Certainly。 4．（2024·湖南·中考真题）Now we serve food from all over the country. There are many markets and food shops here. I can (usual) find any ingredient (配料) I need. 句意：我可以通常找到我需要的任何配料。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词，作状语。故填usually。 5．（2023·长沙·中考真题）How do you write a letter? (general) speaking, a letter includes these parts. The date and a greeting (问候语) such as “Dear…” should be at the top of the letter. 句意：一般来说，一封信包括这些部分。generally speaking“一般来说”，句首需大写首字母。故填Generally。 副词用法 用法 修饰 句子/ 副词/ 形容词/ 动词 （【助记】聚 富 行 动） 1. Luckily, I achieved my dream in the end. （修饰句子） 2. He runs very fast. （修饰副词） 3. You are quite right. （修饰形容词） 4. She speaks English well. （修饰动词） 分类 例子 ①时间副词（句首/句末） now, today, tomorrow, yesterday ②地点副词（一般放句末） here, there, down, up, inside, outside ③方式副词（一般放动词后面） simply, closely, slowly, carefully ④频度副词（be/情/助后，实义动词前） always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never ⑤程度副词（形/副/实义动词前） rather, pretty, quite, very, too, so ⑥疑问副词（句首） where, when, why, how 副词的比较级与最高级 1.规则变化 规则说明 1. 单音节副词（如 fast、hard）：直接加 -er（比较级）、-est（最高级） 2. 以-ly 结尾的副词（如 carefully、slowly）：加 more（比较级）、most（最高级） 3. 部分双音节副词（如 early）：可加 -er/-est，也可加 more/most（前者更常用） 常见词汇 1. fast → faster → fastest 2. carefully → more carefully → most carefully 3. early → earlier→ earliest 典型例句 1. He runs faster than his brother.（他比他弟弟跑得快） 2. She speaks most carefully in our class.（她在我们班说得最仔细） 3. They arrived earlier than us.（他们比我们到得早） 注意事项 1. 双音节副词优先用 “加 -er/-est” 形式（如 early 不用 more early） 2. 比较级后需接 than，最高级前需加 the，且常搭配 “in/of + 范围”（如 in the team、of all students）。 2.不规则变化 规则说明 无固定规则，需单独记忆，常见词多为基础副词。 常见词汇 1. well → better → best 2. badly → worse → worst 3. much → more → most 4. little → less → least 典型例句 1. This movie is better than that one.（这部电影比那部好） 2. He did worst in the English exam.（他英语考得最差） 3. She eats less meat than before.（她比以前吃的肉少了） 注意事项 1. 不规则副词的比较级 / 最高级常与对应形容词同形（如 good/well 的比较级均为 better） 2. 避免混淆：badly（副词）的比较级是 worse，而非 badder。 形容词变副词 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、基本规则 1. 一般直接 + ly quick → quickly slow → slowly careful → carefully 2. 以 le 结尾：去 e + y simple → simply terrible → terribly possible → possibly 3. 以辅音+ y结尾：变 y 为 i + ly happy → happily easy → easily heavy → heavily 4. 以 ic 结尾：+ ally basic → basically scientific → scientifically 二、中考必考「特殊形副同形」 这些词形容词、副词长得一样，千万别加 ly： early → early fast → fast late → late hard → hard high → high close → close 三、中考必坑：加ly意思大变 hard 努力地 → hardly 几乎不 late 晚、迟 → lately 最近 near 附近 → nearly 几乎 most 最 → mostly 主要地 四、以ly结尾，但它是形容词 这些不是副词，中考常考： friendly 友好的 lonely 孤独的 lively 活泼的 lovely 可爱的 1．These seats are too hard and you will not sit __________. (comfortable) 【答案】comfortably 【详解】句意：这些座位太硬了，你坐着不舒服。comfortable“舒服的，舒适的”，形容词，此处修饰动词sit，用其副词形式comfortably“舒服地，舒适地”。故填comfortably。 2．Lisa was ________ (high) pleased with the suggestion and then accepted it. 【答案】highly 【详解】句意：丽莎对这个建议非常满意，然后接受了它。空格处应填入一个副词修饰形容词“pleased”，表示程度。“high”的副词形式是“highly”，意为“高度地，非常”，故填highly。 3．First, listening to others explain their ideas ________ (care) will help keep the conversation calm. 【答案】carefully 【详解】句意：首先，仔细听他人解释他们的想法将有助于保持对话冷静。根据“listening to others explain their ideas...”可知，此处需填入一个副词来修饰动词listening 。care意为“小心；关心”，名词或动词，其形容词为careful，副词为carefully意为“仔细地”。故填carefully。 4．So far, China has ________ (success) built a research system for deep space exploration, which really makes us proud. 【答案】successfully 【详解】句意：到目前为止，中国已经成功建立了深空探测研究体系，这真让我们自豪。success“成功”，名词；此处修饰动词“built”，需用副词形式successfully“成功地”作状语。故填successfully。 5．Paper cutting is ________ known as one of the traditional folk arts in China. (wide) 【答案】widely 【详解】句意：剪纸被广泛认为是中国传统民间艺术之一。根据“Paper cutting is...known as one of the traditional folk arts in China.”可知，空格位于系动词is与过去分词known之间，需用副词修饰known。wide的副词形式为widely，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。 6．Frank checks his homework ________ (patient) than others so as to make fewer mistakes. 【答案】more patiently 【详解】句意：弗兰克比其他人更耐心地检查他的作业，以便少犯错误。check“检查”是动词，需要用副词修饰，patient的副词形式是patiently；根据“than”可知，要用比较级，patiently的比较级是more patiently，在句中作状语。故填more patiently。 7．Nowadays, all kinds of goods can be bought ________ (convenient) online than before, even things like vegetables and seafood. 【答案】more conveniently 【详解】句意：如今，各种商品都可以比以前更方便地在网上购买，甚至像蔬菜和海鲜这样的东西。根据句子结构“can be bought...online”可知，此处需要填入一个副词来修饰动词bought，形容词convenient的副词形式是conveniently，意为“方便地”；由than before可知需填比较级。故填more conveniently。 8．Ann spoke the most ________ of all the students in the school speech contest. (accurate) 【答案】accurately 【详解】句意：Ann在学校演讲比赛所有学生中说得最准确。根据“the most...”可知，空处需填最高级，spoke为动词，需副词修饰，副词accurately“准确地”的最高级形式most accurately，故填accurately。 9．Professor Wang ________ thanked everyone who helped with the project. (personal) 【答案】personally 【详解】句意：王教授亲自感谢了所有参与这个项目的人。根据“thanked”可知，横线处需填副词修饰动词，personal“个人的”，形容词，其副词形式为personally。故填personally。 10．—Suzy used to take second place in exams. ____________(luck), she came top in this exam. —Good things come to those who work hard. 【答案】Luckily 【详解】句意：——苏西过去考试得第二名。幸运的是，她这次考试得了第一名。——好东西总是属于那些努力工作的人。根据提示可知：此处需用提示词luck的副词形式，修饰整个句子；luck的副词形式是luckily，句中首字母需大写。故填Luckily。 1．To be healthy, we should learn __________ (difference) uses of medicine. 【答案】different 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，我们应该了解药物的不同用途。空处修饰名词uses，用形容词形式，因此需将difference变为形容词different“不同的”。故填different。 2．Using a password manager is a much ________ way to protect your online accounts. (safe) 【答案】safer 【详解】句意：使用密码管理器是保护你的在线账户的一个更安全的方法。根据“a much…way”可知，横线处需填形容词比较级，safe“安全的”，形容词，其比较级形式为safer。故填safer。 3．Mars today is dry on the surface. However , scientists believe the planet once was warmer and _______ (wet). 【答案】wetter 【详解】句意：如今的火星表面是干燥的。然而，科学家们认为这颗行星曾经更温暖且更潮湿。 wet“潮湿的”，此处应用比较级和warmer并列。故填wetter。 4．The old man is ________ (happy) because he lost his lovely dog this morning. 【答案】unhappy 【详解】句意：这位老人很不高兴，因为他今天早上失去了他可爱的狗。happy“高兴的”，根据“because he lost his lovely dog this morning.”可知，他是不高兴，用happy的否定形式unhappy“不高兴的”，形容词作表语。故填unhappy。 5．It is so ________ that I can’t hear a word of what you are saying. (noise) 【答案】noisy 【详解】句意：这里太吵了，我听不到你在说什么。“so + 形容词/副词 + that…”是固定结构，此处“is”后需接形容词，“noise（名词，噪音）”对应的形容词是“noisy（吵闹的）”。故填noisy。 6．She can speak five languages at such a young age. It is so ________ (believe). 【答案】unbelievable 【详解】句意：她这么小就能说五种语言，这简直令人难以置信。根据“She can speak five languages at such a young age.”可知，在很小的年纪能说五种语言是令人难以相信的，unbelievable“难以置信的”，形容词作表语。故填unbelievable。 7．“A ______ (burn) dog is afraid of the fire.” No wonder he wouldn’t dare to take the risk again. 【答案】burned/burnt 【详解】句意：“被烧伤的狗害怕火。”难怪他不敢再冒这个险了。根据“A…dog is afraid of the fire.”可知，此处指的是烧伤的狗，“burned”或“burnt”，都意为：“烧伤的”，形容词作定语修饰名词“dog”，符合语境。故填burned/burnt。 8．It’s unbelievable that there is an animal that has been ______ (live) since the last Ice Age. 【答案】alive 【详解】句意：令人难以置信的是，有一种动物从上一个冰河时代就一直存活至今。live“生存”，是动词，分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词，作表语，alive“活着的”符合。故填alive。 9．Our school club offers ________ activities, such as singing, gardening, and robotics. (variety) 【答案】various 【详解】句意：我们学校的俱乐部提供各种各样的活动，比如唱歌、园艺和机器人技术。variety“种类”，此处需要用形容词修饰名词activities，variety的形容词形式是various，表示“各种各样的”。故填various。 10．Of all the subjects, I think physics is the ________ (difficult). 【答案】most difficult 【详解】句意：在所有科目中，我认为物理是最难的。“difficult”是形容词，意为“困难的”，句中“Of all the subjects”表示范围，需用形容词的最高级形式，“difficult”的最高级为“most difficult”，故填most difficult。 11．We should take ________ responsibilities and work for a better future. (seriously) 【答案】serious 【详解】句意：我们应该承担重大的责任，并为更美好的未来而努力。所给单词seriously“严重地”为副词，空后的单词responsibilities“责任”为名词复数，需用形容词serious来修饰。故填serious。 12．When we visit some websites, hidden software may collect our _______ information. (person) 【答案】personal 【详解】句意：当我们访问某些网站时，隐藏的软件可能会收集我们的个人信息。根据“information”以及提示词可知，此处需要填入形容词来修饰information，person的形容词形式为personal，表示“个人的”。故填personal。 13．It’s ______ to talk loudly in public places, but many people always seem to forget that. (polite) 【答案】impolite 【详解】句意：在公共场所大声说话是不礼貌的，但很多人似乎总是忘记这一点。根据提示可知，此处需用polite的变形，结合“在公共场所大声说话”的语境，应使用其否定形式impolite（不礼貌的），且符合It’s + adj. + to do sth.的句型要求，故填impolite。 14．I don’t like math. So I often feel _________ (sleep) in math classes. 【答案】sleepy 【详解】句意：我不喜欢数学。所以，在数学课上我经常感到困倦。句中feel是系动词，后应跟形容词作表语，动词sleep的形容词为sleepy，意为“困倦的”，故填sleepy。 15．Regular exercise is an ________ way to stay healthy and reduce stress. (effect) 【答案】effective 【详解】句意：定期锻炼是一种保持健康和减轻压力的有效方法。effect“效果”，名词；此处修饰名词“way”，需用形容词形式effective“有效的”作定语。故填effective。 16．The customers are very ________ with the service of the four-star hotel. (pleasure) 【答案】pleased 【详解】句意：顾客们对这家四星级酒店的服务非常满意。根据“The customers are very…with the service of the four-star hotel.”以及英文提示可知，此处需要一个形容词来描述顾客对服务的感受。be pleased with“对……感到满意”。“pleasure”名词，意为“快乐；愉快”，其形容词形式为“pleased”。故填pleased。 17．We were ________ that our cat came home safely after being missing for two days. (luck) 【答案】lucky 【详解】句意：我们的猫失踪两天后平安回了家，我们感到很幸运。空格前是be动词“were”，此处需要填形容词作表语，描述主语“We”的情绪状态；结合“our cat came home safely after being missing for two days”可知，猫失踪两天后平安回了家，这是很幸运的事情，应用luck的形容词形式lucky“幸运的”。故填lucky。 18．Why are you always getting so ________ (patient) with your kid when helping him. That’s why he loves you most. 【答案】patient 【详解】句意：你为什么在帮助孩子的时候总是对他如此有耐心。这就是他最爱你的原因。 根据“Why are you always getting so”可知，get在此处作系动词，后接形容词作表语；结合后半句“这就是他最爱你的原因” 的逻辑可知，此处表达“有耐心的”。提示词patient本身就是形容词，意为“有耐心的”，get patient with sb.是固定搭配，意为“对某人有耐心”，符合语境和语法要求。故填patient。 19．Remember your mother’s birthday and give her a gift. Even if it’s simple and ________ (expensive), it means all the world to her. 【答案】inexpensive 【详解】句意：记住你妈妈的生日并给她送礼物。即使礼物简单又便宜，对她来说也意味着一切。expensive是形容词，意为“昂贵的”；根据“Even if it’s simple and...”中的“even if”可知，此处应与“simple”并列，表达“不贵的”含义，所以用expensive的反义词“inexpensive”，表示“便宜的，不贵的”。故填inexpensive。 20．He is the ________ (wealthy) person I have ever known, but he wears simple clothes. 【答案】wealthiest 【详解】句意：他是我认识的最富有的人，但他却衣着朴素。根据“the”和“I have ever known”可知，此处有范围限定，限定于我所认识的人；所以需用形容词的最高级形式，在句中作定语。wealthy的最高级是wealthiest。故填wealthiest。 21．He is one of ________ (excellent) students in his class. 【答案】the most excellent 【详解】句意：他是班上最优秀的学生之一。根据“one of”可知，此处使用形容词最高级，表示“最……之一”，excellent的最高级是the most excellent。故填the most excellent。 22．Now many of the pop stars aren’t willing to talk about their ________ (person) lives. 【答案】personal 【详解】句意：现在很多流行明星不愿意谈论他们的个人生活。 此处需要形容词修饰名词“lives”，person人，名词，对应的形容词是“personal（个人的）”，符合“个人生活”的语境。故填personal。 23．Born into a family of doctors, Liu Jiakun wasn’t ________ (interest) in medicine, and chose writing and painting instead. 【答案】interested 【详解】句意：刘嘉坤出生在一个医生家庭，对医学不感兴趣，而是选择了写作和绘画。根据“Liu Jiakun wasn’t…in medicine”以及提示词可知，刘嘉坤对医学不感兴趣，此处应用形容词interested“感兴趣的”，修饰人，在句中作表语。故填interested。 24．My team members were angry because I played so ________. (bad) 【答案】badly 【详解】句意：我的队友很生气，因为我打得太差了。根据“played”这一动词，可知此处需用副词来修饰，“bad”的副词形式是“badly”，与题目语境相符。故填badly。 25．Good tea is ________ (high) praised for its fresh taste and natural smell. 【答案】highly 【详解】句意：好茶因其清新的口感和自然的香气而受到高度赞扬。high“高的”，形容词；此处修饰动词praised，需要用副词形式highly。故填highly。 26．He has ________ (probable) flown to the USA already. 【答案】probably 【详解】句意：他可能已经飞往美国了。根据句子结构，此处修饰动词短语“has flown”，应使用副词形式。故填probably。 27．She felt sorry because she acted ________ (polite) at the party yesterday. 【答案】impolitely 【详解】句意：她感到很抱歉，因为她昨天在聚会上举止不礼貌。polite“礼貌的”，形容词。根据“She felt sorry”可知，她感到抱歉是因为举止不礼貌，此处应用polite的反义词impolite“不礼貌的”，且此处修饰动词acted，应用副词形式impolitely。故填impolitely。 28．The man met his friends on the street ________. (accidental) 【答案】accidentally 【详解】句意：那个男人在街上偶然遇到了他的朋友们。accidental“偶然的”，为形容词，此处修饰动词met，表示“偶然地”，应用其副词形式accidentally。故填accidentally。 29．I regret shouting back ________ at my parents and not listening to them. (angry) 【答案】angrily 【详解】句意：我后悔生气地对我的父母大喊大叫，并且不听他们的话。根据“shouting back”可知，此处使用副词修饰动词，angry的副词为angrily“生气地”。故填angrily。 30．An English dictionary is ________ helpful to students. (extreme) 【答案】extremely 【详解】句意：英语词典对学生们来说非常有帮助。空格处缺少副词修饰形容词“helpful”，extreme“极端的”，其副词形式是extremely。故填extremely。 31．I have a little telescope that helps me see the stars more ________ (clear). 【答案】clearly 【详解】句意：我有一个小望远镜，可以帮助我更清楚地看到星星。clear“清楚的”，形容词；空处修饰动词see，用副词clearly“清楚地”，比较级形式直接在前面加more。故填clearly。 32．________, we have all worked harder to better ourselves in many ways. (recent) 【答案】Recently 【详解】句意：最近，我们都在许多方面更加努力地工作以提升自己。recent“最近的”，形容词；此处位于句首，需用副词recently“最近”作时间状语，修饰整个句子，首字母需大写。故填Recently。 33．He ________ goes to the gym nowadays because he’s too busy with work. (rare) 【答案】rarely 【详解】句意：他最近因为工作太忙而很少去健身房。给出的词是形容词rare（稀有的，罕见的），在句子中，我们需要修饰动词短语goes to the gym，因此需要使用其副词形式rarely。故填rarely。 34．Alice does her homework ________ (careful). 【答案】carefully 【详解】句意：爱丽丝认真地做家庭作业。careful“认真的”，此处要用副词形式carefully“认真地”修饰动词。故填carefully。 35．Miss Lin explained the word to us again and again. ________ (gradual), we began to understand. 【答案】Gradually 【详解】句意：林老师一遍又一遍地给我们讲解这个单词，渐渐地，我们开始明白了。gradual意为“逐渐的”，是形容词，此处需要用副词来修饰整个句子，gradual的副词形式是gradually，且位于句首首字母要大写，故填Gradually。 36．They would keep on working even ________ (hard) instead of complaining. 【答案】harder 【详解】句意：他们会更加努力地继续工作，而不是抱怨。hard“努力地”，副词，根据even可知，此处应用比较级harder。故填harder。 37．The doctors can’t say ________ (exact) what’s wrong with my mother. 【答案】exactly 【详解】句意：医生不能准确地说出我母亲到底得了什么病。exact“准确的”，形容词，此处应用副词exactly修饰动词“say”，意为“准确地”。故填exactly。 38．The city has changed a lot ________ (late) with new buildings around. 【答案】lately 【详解】句意：这座城市最近变化很大，周围都是新建筑。late“迟的；晚的”是形容词。空格处修饰谓语动词“has changed”，需用副词形式。lately意为“最近”。故填lately。 39．Our team ________ scored in the last minute of play and we won the game. (sudden) 【答案】suddenly 【详解】句意：我们队突然在比赛的最后一分钟得分，我们赢得了比赛。根据“scored in the last minute of play”和提示词“sudden”可知，需用副词作状语来修饰动词“scored”，“sudden”的副词形式是“suddenly”，意为“突然地”。故填suddenly。 40．We should avoid giving ________ complicated instructions. Keep them brief and clear. (necessary) 【答案】unnecessarily 【详解】句意：我们应该避免给出不必要的复杂指令。保持简洁明了。根据“avoid giving…complicated instructions”以及提示词可知，此处指“避免给出不必要的复杂指示”，应用副词unnecessarily“不必要地”修饰形容词complicated。故填unnecessarily。 $专题03 形容词和副词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 形容词 考点二 副词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1. 形容词：形容词作定语/表语、比较级/最高级变化（规则/不规则）、词义辨析、固定搭配（be interested in, be proud of等）。 2. 副词：副词修饰动词/形容词/副词、比较级/最高级、词义辨析（hard/hardly, late/lately等）、常见副词的用法（时间、地点、方式、程度）。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 形容词 长沙第51小题 湖南第53小题 长沙第50小题 湖南第46和53小题 长沙第52小题 副词 长沙第55小题 湖南第51小题 长沙第55小题 湖南第51小题 长沙第49小题 命题预测 1. 语境化：越来越注重在具体语境中考形容词、副词的运用，很少孤立地考查单词的基本含义，强调在真实情境中理解和表达。 2. 综合化：一道题中可能综合考查多个考点，如形容词比较级结合副词修饰，或与主谓一致、非谓语动词等知识点结合，构成综合性考点。 3. 生活化：选材多与日常生活、校园生活、社会热点（如环保、科技、传统文化）等相关，让学生在熟悉的情境中运用名/形/副知识。 考点一 形容词 1．（2025·长沙·中考真题）There are also (new) classics than those above, such as Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions. 2．（2025·湖南·中考真题）With the help of archaeologists (考古学家) and historians, artists painted recreations of life in Jijiaocheng in a (tradition) scroll (卷釉). 3．（2024·长沙·中考真题）Orchids say, “Wish you to be (luck), successful and happy.” During the holiday period, this plant is a must. 4． （2024·湖南·中考真题）I work at a most popular restaurant in my hometown. I love working here as a member of a fantastic team. People here are very 1 (friend), and hard-working. Well-prepared natural food has a 2 (good) taste than fast food. 5．（2023·长沙·中考真题）It makes (enjoy) memories (回忆). 形容词用法 基本用法 位置 例子 ①放在名词或代词前，作定语 adj. + n. a beautiful flower ②放在enough 前面 adj. + enough interesting enough ③放在不定代词后，作后置定语 不定代词 + adj. something important ④放在系动词（be 动词/感官动词后），作表语 系动词 + adj She is smart. The cat looks cute. ⑤ed 结尾的形容词（人感到……），主语一般是人 ing 结尾的形容词（令人感到……），主语一般是物 excited 激动的 exciting 令人激动的 特殊句型 例句 ①It’s + adj. + for/ of sb. to do sth. （用for 时，形容词形容物/用 of 时，形容词形容人） It's important for us to learn English well. It’s kind of you to help the old man. ②sb. find/ think it + adj. to do sth. I find/ think it useful to read more books. 多个形容词顺序 【口诀】美小圆旧黄 中国木书房 （品质特征/大小长短高低/形状/新旧/颜色/国家地区出处/材质/用途） 【注意】有些词ly 结尾实为形容词：friendly/ lovely/ lonely/ daily（每天的） 形容词原级的用法 1.说明人或物自身的特征、性质或状态 The flowers are beautiful. 2.被 very,so,too,enough,quite 等修饰时 very tall old enough 3.A…as…as B A 和 B 一样… A…not as(so)…as B A 不如 B … English is as interesting as Chinese. This book is not as new as that one. 4.A…+倍数+as…as B A 是 B 的…倍 Our school is three times as big as theirs. 形容词比较等级 1.形容词比较等级的构成（规则变化） 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词 和少数双音节词 ①一般直接加-er,-est long tall longer taller longest tallest ②以不发音 e 结尾加 -r,-st late large later larger latest largest ③辅音字母+y 结尾， 改 y 为 i,再加-er,-est easy happy easier happier easiest happiest ④重读辅元辅结尾，双 写末尾字母，再加 -er,-est big hot thin fat bigger hotter thinner fatter biggest hottest thinnest fattest 多音节词 和部分双音节词 ⑤在原级前加 more,most careful outgoing more careful more outgoing most careful most outgoing 2.形容词比较等级的构成（不规则变化） 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little (few) less (fewer) least (fewest） far farther 较远的 further 较远的；更深入的 farthest 最远的 furthest 最远的；最深入的 old older 较老的，较旧的，年龄较大的 elder 年龄较大的（用于人，表长幼排） oldest 较老的，较旧的，年龄较大的 eldest 年龄较大的（用于人，表长幼排行） 3.形容词比较等级的用法 1).比较级前可有 a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, far, still 等修饰。 much colder, a little hotter 2).A+比较级+ than +B This room is bigger than that one. 3).“Which/Who… +比较级，A or B? ” Who is taller, Tom or Bob? 4).“the +比较级+of the two ” Tom is the taller of the two. 5).“比较级 and 比较级”、“more and more+原级 ” hotter and hotter, more and more beautiful 6).“the+比较级，the+比较级 ” The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. 形容词最高级 1)“the+最高级+in/ of 短语 ”，表“…中 最…的 ”。 This book is the most interesting of all. This is the biggest factory in Beijing. 2)“Which/ Who is+ the +最高级，A or B or C? ”，表 “三者中最…的 ”。 Who is the youngest,Tom,Jack or John? 3)“one of the +最高级+n 复 ”，表“最… 的…之一 ”。 She is one of the most popular teachers. 4)“序数词+最高级+n 单 ”，表“第几最… ”。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 注意：最高级前面通常要加 the ，但： 1) 副词的最高级前面可以省略 the； He works most carefully. 2) 形容词最高级前面有形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，前面不用加 the。 This is our best friend. 1. 形容词 · 修饰名词，放在名词前或系动词后 a beautiful girl She is happy. 2. 比较等级 · 原级：as + 原级 + as He is as tall as me. · 比较级： · er：taller 双写：bigger, hotter 变 y 为 i：heavier 多音节：more beautiful · 最高级：the + 最高级 the tallest；the most beautiful 3. 常考句型 · 比较级 + and + 比较级：越来越…… hotter and hotter · the + 比较级，the + 比较级：越…… 越…… The more, the better. 1．The music is one of the most __________ (move) pieces of music that I have ever heard. 2．I’d like to watch ________ (educate) documentaries because I can learn a lot of knowledge from them. 3．It may be difficult to only speak English during your English class, but it will help you learn much ________ (fast). 4．Don’t leave the tea sets ________ (tidy) after drinking tea. Keep them clean and in order. 5．Traditional tea-making skills are ________ (value) and worth passing down. 6．We all like that ________ (humor) host because his shows are always full of fun. 7．The government made it a rule that the ________ (wealth) you are, the more income taxes (税) you may have to pay. 8．That was the ________ birthday party I’ve ever had! (happy) 9．Wushu is one of the ________ (early) sports in China. 10．The ________ (care) boy made many mistakes in his homework. 考点二 副词 1．（2025·长沙·中考真题） (slow) but surely, you will fall in love with them. 2．（2025·湖南·中考真题）This is not some bedtime story. It (real) took place around 4,500 years ago. 3．（2024·长沙·中考真题） (certain), apples make great gifts. 4．（2024·湖南·中考真题）Now we serve food from all over the country. There are many markets and food shops here. I can (usual) find any ingredient (配料) I need. 5．（2023·长沙·中考真题）How do you write a letter? (general) speaking, a letter includes these parts. The date and a greeting (问候语) such as “Dear…” should be at the top of the letter. 副词用法 用法 修饰 句子/ 副词/ 形容词/ 动词 （【助记】聚 富 行 动） 1. Luckily, I achieved my dream in the end. （修饰句子） 2. He runs very fast. （修饰副词） 3. You are quite right. （修饰形容词） 4. She speaks English well. （修饰动词） 分类 例子 ①时间副词（句首/句末） now, today, tomorrow, yesterday ②地点副词（一般放句末） here, there, down, up, inside, outside ③方式副词（一般放动词后面） simply, closely, slowly, carefully ④频度副词（be/情/助后，实义动词前） always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never ⑤程度副词（形/副/实义动词前） rather, pretty, quite, very, too, so ⑥疑问副词（句首） where, when, why, how 副词的比较级与最高级 1.规则变化 规则说明 1. 单音节副词（如 fast、hard）：直接加 -er（比较级）、-est（最高级） 2. 以-ly 结尾的副词（如 carefully、slowly）：加 more（比较级）、most（最高级） 3. 部分双音节副词（如 early）：可加 -er/-est，也可加 more/most（前者更常用） 常见词汇 1. fast → faster → fastest 2. carefully → more carefully → most carefully 3. early → earlier→ earliest 典型例句 1. He runs faster than his brother.（他比他弟弟跑得快） 2. She speaks most carefully in our class.（她在我们班说得最仔细） 3. They arrived earlier than us.（他们比我们到得早） 注意事项 1. 双音节副词优先用 “加 -er/-est” 形式（如 early 不用 more early） 2. 比较级后需接 than，最高级前需加 the，且常搭配 “in/of + 范围”（如 in the team、of all students）。 2.不规则变化 规则说明 无固定规则，需单独记忆，常见词多为基础副词。 常见词汇 1. well → better → best 2. badly → worse → worst 3. much → more → most 4. little → less → least 典型例句 1. This movie is better than that one.（这部电影比那部好） 2. He did worst in the English exam.（他英语考得最差） 3. She eats less meat than before.（她比以前吃的肉少了） 注意事项 1. 不规则副词的比较级 / 最高级常与对应形容词同形（如 good/well 的比较级均为 better） 2. 避免混淆：badly（副词）的比较级是 worse，而非 badder。 形容词变副词 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、基本规则 1. 一般直接 + ly quick → quickly slow → slowly careful → carefully 2. 以 le 结尾：去 e + y simple → simply terrible → terribly possible → possibly 3. 以辅音+ y结尾：变 y 为 i + ly happy → happily easy → easily heavy → heavily 4. 以 ic 结尾：+ ally basic → basically scientific → scientifically 二、中考必考「特殊形副同形」 这些词形容词、副词长得一样，千万别加 ly： early → early fast → fast late → late hard → hard high → high close → close 三、中考必坑：加ly意思大变 hard 努力地 → hardly 几乎不 late 晚、迟 → lately 最近 near 附近 → nearly 几乎 most 最 → mostly 主要地 四、以ly结尾，但它是形容词 这些不是副词，中考常考： friendly 友好的 lonely 孤独的 lively 活泼的 lovely 可爱的 1．These seats are too hard and you will not sit __________. (comfortable) 2．Lisa was ________ (high) pleased with the suggestion and then accepted it. 3．First, listening to others explain their ideas ________ (care) will help keep the conversation calm. 4．So far, China has ________ (success) built a research system for deep space exploration, which really makes us proud. 5．Paper cutting is ________ known as one of the traditional folk arts in China. (wide) 6．Frank checks his homework ________ (patient) than others so as to make fewer mistakes. 7．Nowadays, all kinds of goods can be bought ________ (convenient) online than before, even things like vegetables and seafood. 8．Ann spoke the most ________ of all the students in the school speech contest. (accurate) 9．Professor Wang ________ thanked everyone who helped with the project. (personal) 10．—Suzy used to take second place in exams. ____________(luck), she came top in this exam. —Good things come to those who work hard. 1．To be healthy, we should learn __________ (difference) uses of medicine. 2．Using a password manager is a much ________ way to protect your online accounts. (safe) 3．Mars today is dry on the surface. However , scientists believe the planet once was warmer and _______ (wet). 4．The old man is ________ (happy) because he lost his lovely dog this morning. 5．It is so ________ that I can’t hear a word of what you are saying. (noise) 6．She can speak five languages at such a young age. It is so ________ (believe). 7．“A ______ (burn) dog is afraid of the fire.” No wonder he wouldn’t dare to take the risk again. 8．It’s unbelievable that there is an animal that has been ______ (live) since the last Ice Age. 9．Our school club offers ________ activities, such as singing, gardening, and robotics. (variety) 10．Of all the subjects, I think physics is the ________ (difficult). 11．We should take ________ responsibilities and work for a better future. (seriously) 12．When we visit some websites, hidden software may collect our _______ information. (person) 13．It’s ______ to talk loudly in public places, but many people always seem to forget that. (polite) 14．I don’t like math. So I often feel _________ (sleep) in math classes. 15．Regular exercise is an ________ way to stay healthy and reduce stress. (effect) 16．The customers are very ________ with the service of the four-star hotel. (pleasure) 17．We were ________ that our cat came home safely after being missing for two days. (luck) 18．Why are you always getting so ________ (patient) with your kid when helping him. That’s why he loves you most. 19．Remember your mother’s birthday and give her a gift. Even if it’s simple and ________ (expensive), it means all the world to her. 20．He is the ________ (wealthy) person I have ever known, but he wears simple clothes. 21．He is one of ________ (excellent) students in his class. 22．Now many of the pop stars aren’t willing to talk about their ________ (person) lives. 23．Born into a family of doctors, Liu Jiakun wasn’t ________ (interest) in medicine, and chose writing and painting instead. 24．My team members were angry because I played so ________. (bad) 25．Good tea is ________ (high) praised for its fresh taste and natural smell. 26．He has ________ (probable) flown to the USA already. 27．She felt sorry because she acted ________ (polite) at the party yesterday. 28．The man met his friends on the street ________. (accidental) 29．I regret shouting back ________ at my parents and not listening to them. (angry) 30．An English dictionary is ________ helpful to students. (extreme) 31．I have a little telescope that helps me see the stars more ________ (clear). 32．________, we have all worked harder to better ourselves in many ways. (recent) 33．He ________ goes to the gym nowadays because he’s too busy with work. (rare) 34．Alice does her homework ________ (careful). 35．Miss Lin explained the word to us again and again. ________ (gradual), we began to understand. 36．They would keep on working even ________ (hard) instead of complaining. 37．The doctors can’t say ________ (exact) what’s wrong with my mother. 38．The city has changed a lot ________ (late) with new buildings around. 39．Our team ________ scored in the last minute of play and we won the game. (sudden) 40．We should avoid giving ________ complicated instructions. Keep them brief and clear. (necessary) $