2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语上册 宾语从句课件

该初中英语课件系统梳理了宾语从句的核心知识，涵盖定义、构成、时态、语序及连接词等内容，通过知识框架图将“主现从任、主过从过”等时态规则，陈述句、疑问句等连接词分类，以及陈述句语序要求串联，帮助学生构建完整的宾语从句知识网络。 其亮点在于采用“例句分析-规律总结-分层练习”的复习策略，如通过“I think he is playing”等例句总结时态规律，设计“选择连接词”“语序辨析”等分层练习，培养学生的语言理解与表达能力及逻辑分析思维。这种设计既帮助学生巩固基础，又提升解题能力，也为教师提供精准复习的教学支持。

初中宾语从句 The Object Clause What is object ？ 宾语定义：动作的承受者或者动作作用的对象，常位于谓语动词、介词或者形容词之后。 I know him. Why don’t you pay attention to the question? I'm sure that you are right. 宾语 一个简单句作宾语,称之为宾语从句 宾语 Show your passport, please. She didn't say anything. --How many do you want? --I want two. They sent the injured to the hospital. They decide to go abroad next year. I enjoy working with you. I don't know what's wrong with him. Find out the objects ？ （名词作宾语） （代词作宾语） （数词作宾语） （名词化的形容词作宾语） （不定式作宾语） （动名词作宾语） （从句作宾语） I know him . 主语 谓语 宾语 （简单句） 主语 谓语 宾 语 从 句 连词 从句主语 从句谓语 主 句 （复合句） 2. I know who he is . 句子的成分构成 宾语从句基础 了解宾语从句的时态、语序和分类 宾语从句的时态 请阅读句子并总结规律 I think (that) she is playing basketball now. you did wrong yesterday. 主句 一般现在时 从句 据情况而定 (现在进行时) (一般过去时) 总结：主现从不限 She said (that) she was watching TV at 8 last night. she was a top student. 主句 一般过去时 从句 相应的过去时态 (过去进行时) (一般过去时) 总结：主过从必过 宾语从句的时态 请阅读句子并总结规律 The teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound. 当从句表示的是客观事实、真理等，不管主句是啥时态，从句都用一般现在时 总结：真理永一现 主句 一般过去时 宾语从句的时态 请阅读句子并总结规律 宾语从句的时态： 主句是现在时态，宾语从句用_______________时态 主句是过去时态，宾语从句用_______________时态 任何时态 过去时态 时态总结：主现从任，主过从过。 1. ----I though he_____me a pen yesterday? A. will give B. gives C. gave D. give 2. ----Lisa, can you tell me where _____next Monday? ---- Our school library. A. did you volunteer B. you volunteered C. will you volunteer D. you will volunteer Practice练一练 His father says that he is lazy. His father said that he was lazy. Andy thinks that he needs time to relax. Andy thought that he needed time to relax. Andy wonders whether I can help him. Andy wondered whether I could help him. 下列句子，说说主句与从句时态上的变化。 主现从任 主过从过 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句使用陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语+其他 Can you tell me who is he? 改为：Can you tell me who he is? × What’s wrong? =What’s the matter? What’s happening? = What happened? Who is over there? What\Which is the way to the park? 常见特例： (陈述句语序的疑问句) 一、宾语从句连接词: 1.陈述句 2.一般疑问句 选择疑问句 3.特殊疑问句 that （不翻译） if /whether（是否） 连接代词：who, whom, whose, which，what 连接副词：where, how, why, when eg. I hear (that) _______________________. （一小时后他会回来） he will be back in an hour 用法：that 在宾语句中无词义（不翻译），在从句中不能充当句子成分，只作为引导词使用，所以在口语当中往往省略不写。 第一类（陈述句）：that引导的宾语从句 2. He said (that) ____________________. （他非常想念我们） 3. The teacher told us (that) _____________________________. （地球围着太阳转） he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun 第一类（陈述句）：that引导的宾语从句 (1).如果从句是并列句时，第二个分句的that一般不可省。 My uncle said (that) he would come and that he would also bring his son. (2).当that作介词except, in 的宾语时。 They believe in that she must still be single. I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing. (3).用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时 it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语—that从句则放在句尾 . I think it necessary that you should read English aloud. 注意不能省略that的3种情况 I want to know_______________________________ （他是否跟我们一起去公园） 2. Please ask him ________________________. （他是否能来） if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can come 第二类（一般疑问句）：weather\if引导的宾语从句 语序由原来的疑问句语序变成陈述句语序，whether和if意为“是否” 3. I don’t know ____________________________. （是否要下雨） whether it is going to rain or not 18 1. 用在动词不定式之前时 I don’t know whether to go there at once. 2. 当与or not 连用，或or提出两种选择时 She asked whether I did homework or not. 3. 用在介词之后时 I'm thinking about whether I should go out. 只能用 只能用whether不能用if的情况 只能用 只能用if不能用whether的情况(少见) 1. 引导否定的宾语从句 Tell me if it is not going to rain. 19 1. I asked her ___________ she had a bike. 2. We’re worried about ________ he is safe. 3. I wonder___________ he is well. 4. I don’t know _________ or not he is well. 5. I don’t know _________ to go. 只能用 练习：选择if/whether whether if/whether whether whether if/whether 由连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what及连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句。这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。 He asked ____________________________. (谁能回答这个问题） 2.Do you know________________________? （他们在等谁） 3. He asked ___________________________________. （谁的书法是班上最好的） who could answer the question whom they are waiting for 第三类（特殊疑问句）：特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 作宾语 they are waiting for whom whose handwriting was the best in the class 4. Please tell me _________________________. （我们什么时候开会） 5. Can you tell me ______________________. （他在哪儿） 8. Could you tell me _________________________. （我该怎么去车站） 9. Would you tell me ____________________ .（为什么火车迟到了） when we’ll have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late he is where 22 Exercise time 用that，whether，if，what，when，how，where，why，who等填空 1．Could you tell me ________ you worked out such a difficult problem? 2．I don't know________ we should do next. 3．No one is sure ________ robbed(抢劫) the village last night. 4．Do you know ________ the meeting will be held? Is it this afternoon? 5．I want to know ________ you have finished your school report or not. how what who when whether 宾语从句 语序 连接词 时态 需要性原则 学习框架 呼应性原则 从句用陈述句语序，即连接词+主语+谓语+其他 that If/whether在从句中作成分，不可省略 拓展：只用whether不用if 的情况 与or not 连用时 引导介词后的宾语从句时 连接代词 what, which, who, whose, whom 连接副词 when, where, why, how 特殊性原则 主句现在时，从句时态视客观需要而定 。 主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态。 表示客观事实真理或自然现象时，无论主句什么时态， 从句都用一般现在时。 主过从过 主现从任 特殊用法：宾语从句中否定的转移 在第一人称 I, we 与动词 think, expect, believe, guess, suppose , consider, imagine等连用，后接宾语从句时，通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词，形成否定前移，而从句用肯定形式,其反意疑问句与从句一致。 即：主句主语为第一人称，否定词放在主句，否定词翻译时在从句。 我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟，他们会吗？ 我们相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗？ I don’t think they’ll wait to the last minute，will they？ × I think they won’t wait to the last minute，will they？ We don’t believe he did this, did he? 特殊用法：宾语从句省略句 (1)当主句谓语动词是hope，decide，wish， choose，agree，promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，从句谓语使用情态动词时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。 Mike hopes that he will be back very soon. →Mike hopes to be back very soon. They decided that they would help him. →They decided to help him. (2)当主句谓语动词是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等动词，宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 I don’t know what I should do next. →I don't know what to do next. She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window. 特殊用法：宾语从句省略句 (3)当主句谓语动词是tell， ask， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Could you tell me how I can get to the train station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the train station？ 特殊用法：宾语从句省略句 (4)当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。 The leader ordered that we should start at once. → The leader ordered us to start at once. 特殊用法：宾语从句省略句 order sb. to do sth. 辨析：what to do 与 how to do I don’t know what I should do. 我不知道我应该做什么。 I don’t know how I should do it. 我不知道我应该怎么做。 总结： I don’t know what to do.= I don’t know how to do it\them. with it 1. 排语序：留下陈述句语序 2.排时态：主过从过 3.翻译句子 宾从的解题思路 宾语从句 技巧点拨 第一步：先看选项，直接排除语序错误 只要看到： what is it where will they go how did he do 这种助动词 /be 动词提前的，一律排除。 第三步：看答句，锁定引导词 at 9:00 → when in the library → where by bus → how rules / can do → what yes / no → if / whether 第二步：检查时态是否一致 主句 Could you tell me…（表委婉，不是过去时） → 从句可用将来时 主句 He said…（过去时） → 从句一般用过去时态 第四步：最后验证句意逻辑 语法对 + 意思对 = 正确答案 $