Unit3 Environmental Protection 单元提升强化训练- 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 3　Environmental Protection Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Are you looking for teen volunteer opportunities that provide a rewarding experience for high school students to be completely involved in new cultures while giving back to communities around the world?Whether you’re looking for volunteer opportunities for high school students,mission trips for teens,or teen summer service trips,International Volunteer HQ (IVHQ) enables teen volunteers to give back on meaningful community development and conservation projects in destinations like Bali,Costa Rica,Portugal and more. Sea Turtle Conservation Project in Bali IVHQ’s Sea Turtle Conservation project is on the small but breathtaking island of Nusa Penida off the southeastern coast of Bali.Volunteers will gain experience in turtle care and marine conservation while helping to increase the population of these incredible creatures in Indonesia. Animal Care Volunteer Project in Costa Rica IVHQ’s Animal Care project sets volunteers up to assist at veterinary clinics(兽医诊所) and animal welfare programs that aim to re-home abandoned or stray(流浪的) animals.Volunteers gain experience caring for animals while helping to provide them with medical treatment,companionship and playtime so they are ready to find their forever homes. Environmental Scuba Diving Volunteer Project in Portugal IVHQ’s Environmental Scuba Diving project is an exciting opportunity for volunteers to assist with marine conservation efforts in Portugal.Volunteers gain scuba and environmental protection experience while learning about the challenges marine ecosystems face and what can be done to help overcome them. 1.What are volunteers expected to do in the project in Bali? A.Take care of sea turtles. B.Discover new turtle species. C.Rescue endangered animals. D.Post animal photos on social media. 2.What do the projects have in common? A.They all provide medical training. B.They all help with ocean ecosystems. C.They all get communities connected. D.They all engage teens in new cultures. 3.Where is the text probably taken from? A.A brochure for a teen travel agency. B.A plan for a social practice program. C.A website of a volunteer organization. D.A newsletter from a conservation organization. B A lot of manufactured glass today made from sand and sodium carbonate(碳酸钠) can be reused or melted down and recycled into new items,but it doesn’t break down in the environment and will sit in landfills for thousands of years.A team of Chinese scientists aimed to deal with this environmental concern by developing an eco-conscious alternative. In a study published recently in the journal Science Advances,a team at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Process Engineering described how they engineered biodegradable glass made from amino acids(氨基酸).That glass would have a smaller impact on the environment and can break down in a few weeks or in several months. In a test,glass beads(玻璃珠) made out of amino acids were placed under the skin of mice,and the breakdown of the bead and the skin healing process were observed for 30 days.A diagram from the study shows how the mice’s bodies broke down the beads.In that month,the glass implant degraded beneath the skin,the wound site healed,and fur grew back.“Throughout the experimental period,no mice exhibited any pain-related behavior that may have been caused by the glass implantation,and none of them experienced obvious weight loss,” the researchers wrote in their paper. Although amino acids do degrade over time in the environment,this biodegradable glass is not as durable as traditional glass,because amino acids can break down quickly in heat.In order to overcome this hurdle,the researchers chemically modified the amino acids using the heating-cooling procedure applied in glass manufacturing.This is when materials for the glass are heated to become soft and then rapidly cooled so as to make the glass tougher. “It’s important to point out that this biodegradable glass is currently in the lab stage,and far from large-scale commercialization,” emphasized Yan Xuehai,a professor involved in the study,in a press release. 4.What is an advantage of the new glass? A.It takes less time to break down. B.It can be recycled at a low cost. C.It is produced without pollution. D.It has a wide range of applications. 5.Why did researchers implant glass beads inside mice? A.To assess whether the glass is biologically harmless. B.To investigate why amino acids are medically useful. C.To explore how long it takes for the glass to degrade. D.To observe if the glass can be melt down in mice’s stomach. 6.What does the underlined word “hurdle” in paragraph 4 refer to? A.The challenge of improving the heating-cooling procedure. B.Environmental problems caused by traditional glass. C.The difficulty of selecting materials for the glass. D.The instability of amino acids. 7.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Amino Acids Make Glass Tougher B.Amino Acids Cast New Light on Science C.Biodegradable Glass:Closer to Sustainability D.Biodegradable Glass:Ready to Hit the Market Ⅱ.七选五 There are a lot of chemicals that can cause indoor air pollution.A recent project conducted has found over 900 different substances in our home are related to it.Many researchers have already examined the causes of indoor air pollution.　1　  It has been proved that different kinds of chemicals can be released by building materials and new furniture.Everything from painting and decorating products,bathroom cleaners and beauty products can contain these chemicals.　2　 For instance,cooking generates a lot of harmful emissions,like frying meat in oil.  As a research from Denmark has highlighted,cooking,particularly roasting can damage our body.Roast dinners contain many potentially harmful pollutants.　3　 When exposed to cooking emissions,people actually had DNA damage.It can be associated with cell repair processes that trigger cancer—causing genetic changes.　4　 And what can we do with it?  As far as cooking emissions are concerned,no one is suggesting switching to takeaways.　5　 For example,cooking meat at high temperatures with lots of fat produces more harmful emissions than boiling pasta.Besides,opening windows and using cooker hoods are preferable so that we can enjoy the roasted meat without those undesirable effects.  A.In the long run,these changes lead to cancer. B.They might also arise from cooking at home. C.A wide range of sources are under investigation. D.Therefore,what results from indoor air pollution? E.However,most of us have ignored their bad effects. F.So,what are the main contributors to poor air quality? G.But we can change how we cook to deal with the emissions. Ⅲ.完形填空 In the last 100 years,the global temperature has gone up by around 0.75℃.Such a small increase is causing sea levels to rise and 　1　 the habitat of many species of plants and animals.A(n) 　2　 of 2℃ in global temperatures could result in 　3　 of 30% of the world’s land species.  Sea levels in the UK have increased by around 10 cm in the last 100 years and experts 　4　 that global sea levels could rise by up to 59 cm in the near future.　5　,areas which were land a few hundred years ago are now under water.  As a result of the changing 　6　,the world’s ecosystems are also changing faster than ever before.So what is 　7　 climate change?The main cause of climate change is the huge amount of greenhouse gases like CO2 in the atmosphere,but the reason for this is the world’s population—you and me.As the 　8　 increases,more land is needed to provide food,and more energy is 　9　 too.Burning fossil fuels for heating,lighting,transport,or electricity 　10　 CO2.Furthermore,humans breathe out CO2 and trees “breathe in” CO2 and produce oxygen—so by 　11　 trees,we are increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and reducing the amount of oxygen.As a result of these 　12　,CO2 levels are now at their highest for 800,000 years.  The biggest 　13　 we all face is to prevent further environmental disasters.We need to 　14　 burning fossil fuels and start using renewable energy.If we can get enough 　15　 from renewable fuels,we can stop using fossil fuels completely.  1.A.attacking B.ignoring C.threatening D.discovering 2.A.limitation B.reduction C.increase D.improvement 3.A.extinction B.escape C.change D.development 4.A.argue B.explain C.doubt D.predict 5.A.Surprisingly B.Consequently C.Immediately D.Usually 6.A.climate B.height C.period D.environment 7.A.forcing B.allowing C.causing D.helping 8.A.animal B.species C.plants D.population 9.A.wasted B.needed C.supplied D.stored 10.A.produces B.includes C.requires D.provides 11.A.transporting to B.searching for C.planting in D.cutting down 12.A.questions B.activities C.procedures D.disasters 13.A.challenge B.disadvantage C.adventure D.influence 14.A.consider B.deny C.stop D.hate 15.A.time B.energy C.inspiration D.knowledge Ⅳ.语法填空 The low-carbon trend of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics left a deep impression on people all over the world,especially the reuse of sports facilities. In the history of Winter Olympic Games,sports fields and stadiums 1.　　　　　　　　(leave) abandoned after the games came to an end.2.　　　　　　　　(reduce) waste,the organizing committee worked with the host cities of Beijing to make full use of the venues(场馆) 3.　　　　　(build) for the 2008 Olympic Games.Zhangjiakou,4.　　　　　　 co-host city of Beijing 2022,ran six ski tracks for the Games,5.　　　　　 were all rebuilt from existing ones.This act reduces the 6.　　　　　(construct) work by at least 15 percent. The Winter Olympic Village is eco-friendly.Not only 313 trees located on the site were kept where they were,7.　　　　　 a wild life passage was built for the safety of local wildlife.After Beijing 2022,the apartments in the village will be rented out 8. 　　　　　　　  a lower rate.  Water and transportation are another two central elements in winter sports games.Related issues include recycling and treatment of rain,snow water,and waste water.The location of the National Ski Jumping Center was carefully selected to avoid the use of underground water for snowmaking.9. 　　　　　　　  (current), there are more than 444 hydrogen-powered(氢动力)buses in operation in Zhangjiakou,10.　　　　　　　 (cover) nine bus routes in the city.  参考答案 Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了国际志愿者总部 (IVHQ) 为青少年志愿者提供的回馈巴厘岛、哥斯达黎加、葡萄牙等目的地的有意义的社区发展和保护项目。 1.A　细节理解题。根据“Sea Turtle Conservation Project in Bali”部分中的“Volunteers will gain experience in turtle care and marine conservation”可知,在巴厘岛的项目中,志愿者要照顾海龟。 2.D　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Are you looking for teen volunteer opportunities that provide a rewarding experience for high school students to be completely involved in new cultures while giving back to communities around the world?”可知,这些项目都让青少年接触新的文化。 3.C　推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了国际志愿者总部为青少年提供的志愿者项目,因此推断本文节选自一个志愿者组织的网站。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学院的专家团队利用氨基酸研制出一种可降解的环保玻璃。 4.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“That glass would have a smaller impact on the environment and can break down in a few weeks or in several months.”可知,新型玻璃的优点是它需要更少的时间来分解。 5.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Throughout the experimental period,no mice exhibited any pain-related behavior that may have been caused by the glass implantation,and none of them experienced obvious weight loss.”可知,研究人员要在老鼠体内植入玻璃珠是为了评估玻璃在生物学上是否无害。 6.D　词义猜测题。根据第四段,尤其是第一句“Although amino acids do degrade over time in the environment,this biodegradable glass is not as durable as traditional glass,because amino acids can break down quickly in heat.”可知,这种氨基酸玻璃确实可以随着时间的推移而降解,但是它却不如传统的玻璃那样经久耐用,因为氨基酸在加热时会迅速分解。由此可推知,下文中的“hurdle”指的是氨基酸的不稳定性。 7.C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲的是中国科学院的专家团队利用氨基酸研制出一种可降解的环保玻璃。故文章最好的标题是“可生物降解玻璃:更接近可持续性”。 Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了室内空气污染的原因以及解决办法。 1.F　根据上文“Many researchers have already examined the causes of indoor air pollution.”可知,许多研究人员已经研究了室内空气污染的原因,故本句主要引出下文空气质量差的原因。故F项“那么,空气质量差的主要原因是什么?”符合语境。 2.B　根据下文“For instance,cooking generates a lot of harmful emissions,like frying meat in oil.”可知,烹饪也会导致室内空气质量差。故B项“也可能是由于在家做饭引起的”可引出下文。 3.E　根据上文“Roast dinners contain many potentially harmful pollutants.”可知,故E项“然而,我们大多数人都忽视了它们的不良影响”可承接上文。 4.A　根据上文“When exposed to cooking emissions,people actually had DNA damage.It can be associated with cell repair processes that trigger cancer—causing genetic changes.”可知,A项“从长远来看,这些变化会导致癌症。”是对本段的总结。 5.G　根据下文“For example,cooking meat at high temperatures with lots of fat produces more harmful emissions than boiling pasta.”可知,改变烹饪方式可以减少有害排放物的产生。故G项“但是我们可以改变烹饪方式来解决排放问题”符合语境。 Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化对全球生态系统的影响和引起气候变化的原因。 1.C　根据上文“causing sea levels to rise and”可知,海平面上升威胁到了(threatening)许多动植物的栖息地。 2.C　根据上文“In the last 100 years,the global temperature has gone up by around 0.75℃.”可知,此处指全球气温升高(increase)的影响。 3.A　由上文“Such a small increase...the habitat of many species of plants and animals.”可知,海平面上升威胁到许多动植物的栖息地。由此可知,气温升高会导致物种灭绝(extinction)。 4.D　根据下文“that global sea levels could rise by up to 59 cm in the near future”可知,专家预测(predict):在不久的将来,全球海平面可能会上升59厘米。 5.B　根据上文“Sea levels in the UK have increased by around 10 cm in the last 100 years”可知,结果(Consequently),几百年前还是陆地的地区现在都被水淹没了。 6.A　根据下文“the world’s ecosystems are also changing faster than ever before”可知,生态系统变化是因为气候在发生变化,下文“climate change”也给出了提示。 7.C　根据下文“The main cause of climate change”可知,此处应问:是什么导致了(causing)气候变化。 8.D　人口的(population)增长需要更多的土地来提供食物,同时也需要更多的能源。 9.B　根据上文“more land is needed to provide food,and more energy is”可知,人口的增长需要更多的土地来提供食物,同时也需要(needed)更多的能源。 10.A　根据上文“Burning fossil fuels for heating,lighting,transport,or electricity”以及常识可知,燃烧化石燃料会产生(produces)二氧化碳。 11.D　根据下文“trees,we are increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and reducing the amount of oxygen”可知,我们增加了大气中的二氧化碳含量,是因为砍伐(cutting down)森林。 12.B　根据语境可知,上文主要列举了人口增加、燃烧化石燃料、砍伐森林等人类的一系列活动(activities),导致了二氧化碳增加。 13.A　根据下文“we all face is to prevent further environmental disasters”可知,防止进一步的环境灾难是我们都面临的最大挑战(challenge)。 14.C　根据下文“we can stop using fossil fuels completely”可知,我们需要停止(stop)燃烧化石燃料,开始使用可再生能源。 15.B　根据下文“from renewable fuels”可知,从燃料中获得的是能量(energy)。 Ⅳ.【语篇导读】2022年北京冬奥会的低碳趋势给全世界的人们留下了深刻的印象,尤其是体育设施的再利用。 1.were left　考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,这里要填的词作谓语,sports fields and stadiums 与leave之间构成被动关系,文章叙述的是过去的事情,因此用过去时的被动语态,主语是复数,故填were left。 2.To reduce　考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构和上下文的意思可知,这里要用不定式作目的状语,故填To reduce。 3.built　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是worked,因此这里要填的是非谓语动词,作定语修饰venues,由于build与venues之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词built。 4.the　考查冠词。Zhangjiakou与　　　 co-host city of Beijing 2022之间为同位语关系,是特指,因此用定冠词the。  5.which　考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知,这里是非限制性定语从句修饰逗号前面的six ski tracks,故填which。 6.construction　考查名词。根据前面的the和后面的work可知,这里是名词作定语修饰work,因此填construction。 7.but　考查并列连词。根据上下文可知,这里要填but,与前面的Not only 对应。 8.at　考查介词。at a lower rate“以较低的比率”。 9.Currently　考查副词。分析句子结构可知,这里要填副词作状语,因此填currently。句首首字母要大写。 10.covering　考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知,句子有谓语are,这里要填非谓语,由于cover与前面的名词buses之间为主动关系,故用现在分词covering。 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $