Unit 9 Lesson 4 Theme Reading（知识清单&检测）2025-2026学年八年级英语下册（新教材仁爱科普版）

Unit 9 Forces of Nature Lesson 4 Theme Reading 知识清单 单词 音标 中文释义 /haɪd/ v. 藏；隐蔽；躲避 /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ n. 危险；风险 /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ n. 紧急情况；突发事件 /kɪt/ n. 成套工具；成套设备 /ˈɑːftəʃɒk/ n. (地震后的) 余震 /ˈweðə(r)/ conj. 是否 /ˈseɪfti/ n. 安全；平安 /səˈvaɪv/ v. 幸存；存活 /tɪp/ n. 提示；建议 /ˌɪnˈdɔːz/ adv. 在室内；往室内 /ˌaʊtˈdɔːz/ adv. 在户外；往户外 /rəʊp/ n. 绳子；绳索 /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/ n. 培训；训练 /ˈpræktɪs/ n. 练习；实践 /v. 练习 短语 中文释义 短语 中文释义 一直；始终 安全提示；安全建议 首先；一开始 躲在…… 下面 紧紧抓住；握住 开阔地带 远离；躲避 电线；输电线 避开；远离 应急包 更频繁地；经常 参加 太…… 而不能…… 安全培训 用这种方法；这样 把…… 付诸实践 期待做某事；预计做某事 剧烈晃动 在…… 的角落 从灾难中幸存 四处走动；移动 做好准备 立刻；马上 处于危险中 1.Luckily, here are some safety tips for you to follow.幸运的是，这里有一些你可以遵循的安全提示。 2.To begin with, you must know where to hide.首先，你必须知道该躲在哪里。 3.If you are indoors, hide under a strong desk and hang on to its legs.如果你在室内，躲在坚固的桌子下面，紧紧抓住桌腿。 4.Or you can sit in the corner of the walls.或者你可以坐在墙角。 5.If you are outdoors, find an open area and stay away from trees and power lines.如果你在户外，找一个开阔的地方，远离树木和电线。 6.In this way, you can keep off danger more easily.这样，你就能更容易地避开危险。 7.Besides, always prepare an emergency kit at home.除此之外，要一直在家准备好应急包。 8.Being prepared may help save your life.做好准备或许能帮你挽救生命。 9.Most importantly, as students, you need to take part in the safety training at school.最重要的是，作为学生，你们需要参加学校的安全培训。 10.It can help you put your knowledge into practice.它能帮你把知识付诸实践。 11.When the strong shaking stops, you should not move around right away.当剧烈的晃动停止时，你不应该立刻四处走动。 12.Sometimes, there will be some aftershocks, and they can be quite dangerous, too.有时会有余震，余震也可能非常危险。 13.No one expects to experience an earthquake, but no one knows whether they will have the bad luck.没人希望经历地震，但没人知道自己会不会遭遇这种不幸。 14.So, to increase our chance of surviving the natural disaster, we must always be prepared.因此，为了提高我们在自然灾害中幸存的几率，我们必须时刻做好准备。 15.Earthquakes happen all the time around the world.地震在世界各地无时无刻不在发生。 16.Sometimes they are just too small for people to feel.有时它们震级太小，人们根本感觉不到。 一、重难点词汇 1.hide 原形 hide → 过去式 hid → 过去分词 hidden → 现在分词 hiding。 搭配：hide from sb./sth. 躲避某人 / 某物；hide under/behind sth. 躲在某物下方 / 后方。 2.词性转换： danger n. 危险 → dangerous adj. 危险的 → 反义词 safe adj. 安全的 → safety n. 安全 → safely adv. 安全地 搭配：in danger 处于危险中；out of danger 脱离危险；keep off danger 避开危险 serious adj. 严重的；严肃的 → seriously adv. 严重地；严肃地 sudden adj. 突然的 → suddenly adv. 突然地 emergency n. 紧急情况 → 复数形式 emergencies 3.核心连词：whether 核心含义：conj. 是否，引导宾语从句，多数情况下可与if互换。 辨析：只能用 whether，不能用 if的 3 种情况：① 与or not连用时；② 放在介词后面时；③ 后接动词不定式（to do）时。 4.易混短语辨析 stay away from 与 keep off 相同点：均表 “远离”，后可直接接宾语。 不同点：stay away from 侧重 “与…… 保持安全距离”，必须接宾语，多用于户外避险场景；keep off 侧重 “避开、不触碰”，可单独使用，也可接宾语，适用场景更广。 二、本课时重点句型解析 1.too + 形容词/副词 + to do sth. 句型（八年级核心必考句型） 课文原句：Sometimes they are just too small for people to feel. 核心含义：太…… 而不能做某事，自带否定含义，无需额外加 not。 考点：与so...that...句型的同义转换，例：The boy is too young to go to school. = The boy is so young that he can't go to school. 2.疑问词 + 动词不定式 结构 课文原句：you must know where to hide. 核心用法：特殊疑问词（what/where/when/how/whether）+ 动词不定式，相当于一个简化的宾语从句。 例句拓展：I don't know what to do. = I don't know what I should do. 3.if 引导的条件状语从句 课文原句：If you are indoors, hide under a strong desk and hang on to its legs. 核心规则：遵循“主将从现 / 主情从现”原则：主句是一般将来时、或含情态动词（must/should/can）时，从句必须用一般现在时。 4.提建议类功能句型： 给出建议：You must/should...; You need to... 分点建议：To begin with...; Besides...; Most importantly... 三、重点语法知识点 whether/if 引导的宾语从句 语序规则：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句必须用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。 时态规则：主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况用任意时态；主句为一般过去时，从句必须用对应的过去时态。 否定转移：主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词是 think/believe 等词时，从句的否定词要转移到主句中， 例：I don't know whether he will come.（正确），禁止写成 I know whether he won't come. 情态动词 must/should/can 的用法 must：表 “必须”，强调义务和必要性，否定式mustn't表 “禁止、严禁”，语气强烈，多用于安全规则类场景。 should：表 “应该”，语气委婉，多用于给出合理建议，是补全对话、写作提建议的核心词。 can：表 “能够、可以”，强调能力和可能性，否定式can't表 “不能、不可能”。 核心规则：所有情态动词后必须接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。 四、其他重点内容 1.阅读技能：说明文阅读解题技巧 1.先抓段落主题句：说明文的主题句多在段首，本课时每段的首句均为该段的核心内容，可快速把握文章结构。 2.细节题定位：题目涉及具体安全措施时，可根据题干关键词，回原文定位对应段落，精准匹配答案，避开干扰项。 2.写作应用：自我保护话题作文素材： 1.文章结构：用To begin with...; Besides...; Most importantly...搭建分点建议结构，逻辑清晰，是作文提分的核心框架。 2.万能句型：所有安全建议类原句可直接用于作文，无需改写，贴合话题要求。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Forces of Nature! Lesson 4 Theme Reading 一、重点短语梳理 1.一直；经常 2.首先 3.紧紧抓住；紧握；保留 4.远离…… 5.使…不接近…或远离 6.更频繁地；更经常地 7.太…… 而不能…… 8.用这种方式；这样 9.期待做某事 10.在…… 的角落 11.四处移动 12.立刻；马上 二、词汇运用 1.It’s __________ (danger) to play near the broken wall. 2.__________ (lucky), we took an umbrella before it rained. 3.We should get __________ (prepare) for the coming exam. 4.She felt __________ (lonely) when her parents went out. 5.The __________ (safe) of the children is our top concern. 6.Please h__________ under the table during the earthquake. 7.We don’t know w__________ he will come to the party or not. 8.An a__________ shook the area after the big quake. 9.The __________ /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ team arrived quickly. 10.A w__________ burned the dry grass last summer. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.首先，我们要制定一个紧急计划。 _________ _________ _________, we need to make an emergency plan. 2.请远离那棵快要倒下的树。 Please _________ _________ _________ the falling tree. 3.他太害怕了，不敢立刻移动。 He was _________ scared _________ move right away. 4.They expect to finish the work today.（改为否定句） They _________ _________ to finish the work today. 5.in, this, way, can, we, keep, safe, more, easily _____________________________________________. 四、阅读理解 You must hear about a typhoon, but how much do you know about it? A typhoon is one of the worst rainstorms. Most happen in July, August and September. How does a typhoon happen? When the sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it goes into the air. When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then cooler air around it goes in. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. And when the wind moves faster than 30 meters a second, a typhoon begins. What to do when a typhoon hits? ◆Stay indoors. Close all the windows and stay away from them. ◆Try to bring all of your things indoors. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! ◆Listen to the radio or watch TV for important news. 请根据以上短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1. Typhoons often happen ________. A. only in China B. in the hot season C. in the cold season 2. In which order does a typhoon happen? a. The air gets warmer.     b. The wind moves fast enough, and a typhoon starts. c. The sea water gets hot.     d. The air moves quickly, making wind. A. a-c-b-d B. a-d-b-c C. c-a-d-b 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Watching TV for important news is OK. B. The typhoon can’t blow away the heavy things. C. The warmer the air gets, the slower the wind moves. 4. What CAN’T we do when a typhoon comes? A. Go out to find a safer place. B. Close all the windows. C. Listen to typhoon news. 5. Where does the passage come from? A. A funny movie. B. A travel record. C. A science magazine. 五、任务型阅读 Natural disasters can hit anywhere, anytime, and being prepared is the key to staying safe. Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters that can cause terrible damage and bring serious threats to safety. Earthquakes suddenly shake the ground, often without warning. To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops. You can find a strong table to hide under and hold on. Typhoons, known as hurricanes or cyclones in other parts of the world, can lead to strong winds and too much rain. Before a typhoon arrives, storing necessary things like food, water, and batteries is important. Floods can happen when rivers overflow because of too much rain. To prepare well, avoid building homes in the areas where floods often happen and place important electrical appliances (电器) up off the ground in your home. Having an emergency plan is also a must. By understanding these disasters and taking action, people can reduce the risk of harm and recover (恢复) more quickly after disasters happen. 1. How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the text? ______________________________________________________ 2. What can typhoons cause according to the text? ______________________________________________________ 3. Please give another two natural disasters. ______________________________________________________ 4. Which disaster do you know and how can you keep safe in it? Write 30 words or more. ______________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Forces of Nature Lesson 4 Theme Reading 知识清单 单词 音标 中文释义 hide /haɪd/ v. 藏；隐蔽；躲避 danger /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ n. 危险；风险 emergency /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ n. 紧急情况；突发事件 kit /kɪt/ n. 成套工具；成套设备 aftershock /ˈɑːftəʃɒk/ n. (地震后的) 余震 whether /ˈweðə(r)/ conj. 是否 safety /ˈseɪfti/ n. 安全；平安 survive /səˈvaɪv/ v. 幸存；存活 tip /tɪp/ n. 提示；建议 indoors /ˌɪnˈdɔːz/ adv. 在室内；往室内 outdoors /ˌaʊtˈdɔːz/ adv. 在户外；往户外 rope /rəʊp/ n. 绳子；绳索 training /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/ n. 培训；训练 practice /ˈpræktɪs/ n. 练习；实践 /v. 练习 短语 中文释义 短语 中文释义 all the time 一直；始终 safety tips 安全提示；安全建议 to begin with 首先；一开始 hide under 躲在…… 下面 hang on to 紧紧抓住；握住 an open area 开阔地带 stay away from 远离；躲避 power lines 电线；输电线 keep off 避开；远离 emergency kit 应急包 more often 更频繁地；经常 take part in 参加 too...to... 太…… 而不能…… safety training 安全培训 in this way 用这种方法；这样 put...into practice 把…… 付诸实践 expect to do sth. 期待做某事；预计做某事 strong shaking 剧烈晃动 in the corner of 在…… 的角落 survive the disaster 从灾难中幸存 move around 四处走动；移动 be prepared 做好准备 right away 立刻；马上 in danger 处于危险中 1.Luckily, here are some safety tips for you to follow.幸运的是，这里有一些你可以遵循的安全提示。 2.To begin with, you must know where to hide.首先，你必须知道该躲在哪里。 3.If you are indoors, hide under a strong desk and hang on to its legs.如果你在室内，躲在坚固的桌子下面，紧紧抓住桌腿。 4.Or you can sit in the corner of the walls.或者你可以坐在墙角。 5.If you are outdoors, find an open area and stay away from trees and power lines.如果你在户外，找一个开阔的地方，远离树木和电线。 6.In this way, you can keep off danger more easily.这样，你就能更容易地避开危险。 7.Besides, always prepare an emergency kit at home.除此之外，要一直在家准备好应急包。 8.Being prepared may help save your life.做好准备或许能帮你挽救生命。 9.Most importantly, as students, you need to take part in the safety training at school.最重要的是，作为学生，你们需要参加学校的安全培训。 10.It can help you put your knowledge into practice.它能帮你把知识付诸实践。 11.When the strong shaking stops, you should not move around right away.当剧烈的晃动停止时，你不应该立刻四处走动。 12.Sometimes, there will be some aftershocks, and they can be quite dangerous, too.有时会有余震，余震也可能非常危险。 13.No one expects to experience an earthquake, but no one knows whether they will have the bad luck.没人希望经历地震，但没人知道自己会不会遭遇这种不幸。 14.So, to increase our chance of surviving the natural disaster, we must always be prepared.因此，为了提高我们在自然灾害中幸存的几率，我们必须时刻做好准备。 15.Earthquakes happen all the time around the world.地震在世界各地无时无刻不在发生。 16.Sometimes they are just too small for people to feel.有时它们震级太小，人们根本感觉不到。 一、重难点词汇 1.hide 原形 hide → 过去式 hid → 过去分词 hidden → 现在分词 hiding。 搭配：hide from sb./sth. 躲避某人 / 某物；hide under/behind sth. 躲在某物下方 / 后方。 2.词性转换： danger n. 危险 → dangerous adj. 危险的 → 反义词 safe adj. 安全的 → safety n. 安全 → safely adv. 安全地 搭配：in danger 处于危险中；out of danger 脱离危险；keep off danger 避开危险 serious adj. 严重的；严肃的 → seriously adv. 严重地；严肃地 sudden adj. 突然的 → suddenly adv. 突然地 emergency n. 紧急情况 → 复数形式 emergencies 3.核心连词：whether 核心含义：conj. 是否，引导宾语从句，多数情况下可与if互换。 辨析：只能用 whether，不能用 if的 3 种情况：① 与or not连用时；② 放在介词后面时；③ 后接动词不定式（to do）时。 4.易混短语辨析 stay away from 与 keep off 相同点：均表 “远离”，后可直接接宾语。 不同点：stay away from 侧重 “与…… 保持安全距离”，必须接宾语，多用于户外避险场景；keep off 侧重 “避开、不触碰”，可单独使用，也可接宾语，适用场景更广。 二、本课时重点句型解析 1.too + 形容词/副词 + to do sth. 句型（八年级核心必考句型） 课文原句：Sometimes they are just too small for people to feel. 核心含义：太…… 而不能做某事，自带否定含义，无需额外加 not。 考点：与so...that...句型的同义转换，例：The boy is too young to go to school. = The boy is so young that he can't go to school. 2.疑问词 + 动词不定式 结构 课文原句：you must know where to hide. 核心用法：特殊疑问词（what/where/when/how/whether）+ 动词不定式，相当于一个简化的宾语从句。 例句拓展：I don't know what to do. = I don't know what I should do. 3.if 引导的条件状语从句 课文原句：If you are indoors, hide under a strong desk and hang on to its legs. 核心规则：遵循“主将从现 / 主情从现”原则：主句是一般将来时、或含情态动词（must/should/can）时，从句必须用一般现在时。 4.提建议类功能句型： 给出建议：You must/should...; You need to... 分点建议：To begin with...; Besides...; Most importantly... 三、重点语法知识点 whether/if 引导的宾语从句 语序规则：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句必须用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。 时态规则：主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况用任意时态；主句为一般过去时，从句必须用对应的过去时态。 否定转移：主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词是 think/believe 等词时，从句的否定词要转移到主句中， 例：I don't know whether he will come.（正确），禁止写成 I know whether he won't come. 情态动词 must/should/can 的用法 must：表 “必须”，强调义务和必要性，否定式mustn't表 “禁止、严禁”，语气强烈，多用于安全规则类场景。 should：表 “应该”，语气委婉，多用于给出合理建议，是补全对话、写作提建议的核心词。 can：表 “能够、可以”，强调能力和可能性，否定式can't表 “不能、不可能”。 核心规则：所有情态动词后必须接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。 四、其他重点内容 1.阅读技能：说明文阅读解题技巧 1.先抓段落主题句：说明文的主题句多在段首，本课时每段的首句均为该段的核心内容，可快速把握文章结构。 2.细节题定位：题目涉及具体安全措施时，可根据题干关键词，回原文定位对应段落，精准匹配答案，避开干扰项。 2.写作应用：自我保护话题作文素材： 1.文章结构：用To begin with...; Besides...; Most importantly...搭建分点建议结构，逻辑清晰，是作文提分的核心框架。 2.万能句型：所有安全建议类原句可直接用于作文，无需改写，贴合话题要求。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Forces of Nature! Lesson 4 Theme Reading 一、重点短语梳理 1.all the time 2.to begin with 3.hang on to 4.stay away from 5.keep off 6.more often 7.too...to... 8.in this way 9.expect to do sth. 10.in the corner of 11.move around 12.right away 二、词汇运用 1.dangerous 2.Luckily 3.prepared 4.lonely 5.safety 6.hide 7.whether 8.aftershock 9.emergency 10.wildfire 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.To begin with 2.stay away from 3.too; to 4.don’t expect 5.In this way, we can keep safe more easily. 四、阅读理解 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.C 五、任务型阅读 1.Three./3. 2.Strong winds and too much rain. 3.Drought and sandstorm.（答案不唯一，符合实际即可） 4.For example, when an earthquake happens, we should hide under a strong table and hold on to it if we are indoors. We mustn’t use the lift or jump from high buildings.（答案不唯一，30 词以上即可） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $