五一假期英语作业(04) Unit 11 Conflict and Compromise-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版选择性必修第四册

高二年级五一假期英语作业004 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单句填空 1．We are living in a situation technology changes very fast. 2．The reason he was late was that he got up late. 3．The boy with my mother is talking is my cousin. 4．This is the village I spent my happy childhood. 5．I can’t remember the year the war broke out. 6．He has three daughters, all of went abroad for further education. 7．Those break the law will be punished. 8．The way he solved the problem was simple. 9． is shown in the report, teenage problems are often connected with family and friends. 10．I will never forget the moment I realized that I had made a big mistake. 二、阅读理解 “Silk Roads” Exhibition at the British Museum Presenting far beyond a single trade route, the “Silk Roads” exhibition at the British Museum invites visitors to explore a vast network of journeys that connected cultures across Asia, Africa, and Europe and shows how the exchange of goods, ideas, and beliefs helped shape the ancient world and influence us today. When 26 January — 27 March. Daily except Sundays: 10:00 — 17:00 (20:30 on Fridays). Please note we begin clearing exhibitions 10 minutes before they close. How to book Book online and advance booking is strongly recommended. ● Members Members don’t need to book to visit “Silk Roads”. Please show your membership card to gain entry. If you’re visiting before your membership card arrives, then as a member-to-be, bring your membership purchase confirmation email to the Membership Desk in the Great Court on the day of your visit. We’ll then issue a same-day card for you to access your on-site benefits. ● Group tickets Special rates for groups of 10 or more are available Monday to Friday. Please call the Box Office on+44 (0)20 7323 8181 (phone lines open 10:00 — 16:50, Monday — Friday). Non-museum guided tours and tour groups, regardless of size, will not be permitted. ● Ticket prices Adults £22 Seniors (60 +) £22 £11 after 12:00 on Mondays, booking online or calling the Box Office Students and 16 – 18 years of age £20 2-for-1 on Fridays Under 16 Free when accompanied by a paying adult, booking required Groups £20 per person Weekdays only, advance booking required, group organisers free 11．Which time is available to visitors? A．Tuesday 27 January, 09:30. B．Sunday 1 February, 15:00. C．Friday 13 February, 18:00. D．Monday 30 March, 10:30. 12．What should members-to-be do to visit? A．Get a temporary visiting card. B．Call the Box Office for free entry. C．Buy a ticket in the Great Court. D．Send a purchase confirmation email. 13．How much will two adults and their 16-year-old son pay for a visit? A．£66. B．£64. C．£60. D．£44. 三、阅读七选五 You enter the world where you are bound to encounter adversity (逆境). 14 However, it’s the one you have to engage in, believing that you can get to the other side. You need strategies that can help you pull through more easily. Finding role models is definitely constructive. It’s always comforting to know that someone else has experienced the same challenge you have. It’s even more helpful to know that they got through it, and how. 15 No matter who they are, they provide the inspiration and proof that it’s possible to overcome adversity. Humans are built for social connections; individuals would suffer mentally and physically without them. Therefore, you should seek social support actively. A positive social connection shores up self- respect, lowers blood pressure and benefits the heart. 16 Providing support for others provides a sense of purpose and reduces your own discomfort. Viktor Frankl wrote in Man’s Search for Meaning, “ 17 ” It’s not circumstances but the lack of a sense of purpose that makes life unbearable. Having a sense of purpose and sticking to values that support it provide the structure for something positive. It is a motivational force that operates even in the face of difficulties, pulling people forward. 18 There is another way, which the scientist Richard Davidson calls the “quiet path” :Instead of defeating unhappiness, build the skills of well- being, and make friends with your mind. Then, when adversity strikes, recovery is fast. That’s important because fast recovery prevents people from always thinking about the negative past. A．searching for purpose takes effort. B．Therefore, understanding them is challenging. C．In the face of adversity, being tough is an option. D．But remember, giving is just as important as getting. E．Suffering ceases to be suffering when it finds a meaning. F．They could be people in the flesh, or fictional characters. G．Undoubtedly, getting through adversity is typically a struggle. 四、完形填空 My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our 19 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 20 along Chalk Creek. I was 21 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 22 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 23 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 24 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 25 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 26 our peaceful morning trip. The 27 picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 28 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 29 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 30 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 31 . Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 32 , wondering what camping fun and 33 we will experience next. 19．A．ideas B．jokes C．memories D．discoveries 20．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled 21．A．annoyed B．surprised C．disappointed D．worried 22．A．unhurt B．unfortunate C．uncomfortable D．unafraid 23．A．due to B．instead of C．apart from D．as for 24．A．worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed 25．A．signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off 26．A．arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded 27．A．wind B．noise C．temperature D．speed 28．A．find B．hide C．start D．fix 29．A．luck B．answer C．wonder D．signal 30．A．patiently B．tirelessly C．doubtfully D．helplessly 31．A．sorry B．brave C．safe D．right 32．A．relief B．duty C．pride D．excitement 33．A．failure B．adventure C．performance D．conflict 五、语法填空 A small number of nanoparticles (纳米颗粒) could be the 34 (solve) to a problem that has troubled plastics producers for a long time — namely, how to make a material strong, tough and easy to work with. Qian Hujun at Jilin University, together with his partners, 35 (call) this the plastics trilemma (三难困境), given that 36 (enhance) its strength tends to make it less tough, while attempting to improve both of them makes 37 material harder to work with. 38 (get) around this, the researchers mixed nanoparticles with several commonly used plastic materials. For example, they added the nanoparticles to PEMA, which is used to make hearing aids 39 artificial nails. In general, the new material showed better-than-usual performance across different tests, and some materials like PEMA were even about 50 per cent 40 (strong) when mixed with nanoparticles. Computer simulations (模拟) of the new material 41 (carry) out to understand the effect as well. For the case of plastics under stress, these simulations showed that nanoparticles can move and be redistributed within the material, 42 allows it to deform more slowly and smoothly. The ability to move was 43 (similar) beneficial for plastics to flow more easily when they were heated. Qian says the new approach is suited for existing industrial processes. 六、作文背诵 44．假定你是李华，外教John计划丰富课堂上的活动形式以让课堂更有趣，现公开征集优化建议。请给 John 写一封邮件，内容包括： (1)你的建议； (2)陈述理由。 Dear John, I’m delighted to learn that you are seeking suggestions to make our classes more interesting. I’d like to recommend including interactive activities like group debates and role-plays related to our lesson topics. There are several reasons for this tip. First, such activities create a lively and engaging classroom atmosphere, which naturally boosts our motivation to participate. Second, from a learning perspective, they allow us to apply language in practical, real-life contexts, helping improve our communication skills and speaking fluency. Finally, collaborative tasks can reduce anxiety about speaking and promote teamwork among students. I’d appreciate it if you consider my ideas. I’m confident these changes will make our learning experience both enjoyable and effective. Yours, Li Hua 假期作业参考答案004 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C A B G F D E C C A 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 D C B A D B A C A D 题号 31 32 33 答案 C D B 1．where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们正处在一个技术变化极为迅速的环境中。定语从句修饰先行词situation，在从句作地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。 2．why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他迟到的原因是他起晚了。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。 3．whom 【详解】句意：正在和我妈妈说话的那个男孩是我的表弟。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词boy指人，作介词with的宾语，只能用关系代词whom。 4．where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我度过快乐童年的那个村庄。此处引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词为village表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 5．when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我记不清战争爆发的那一年了。此处引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词为year表示时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故填when。 6．whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他有三个女儿，都出国深造了。此处考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为three daughters，指人，在从句中作介词of的宾语，故应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。 7．who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些违法的人将会受到惩罚。“____ break the law”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Those，先行词指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 8．that/in which/不填 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他解决这个问题的方法很简单。此处先行词为the way，关系词在从句中作方式状语，可用that/in which，也可省略关系词。故填that/in which/不填。 9．As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如报告中所示，青少年问题往往与家庭和朋友有关。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，从句缺少主语，且意为“正如”，应用关系代词as作引导词。故填As。 10．when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我意识到自己犯了一个大错误的那一刻。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词moment，指时间，且在定语从句中作时间状语，所以空处需用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。 11．C 12．A 13．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍大英博物馆丝绸之路特展，包含展出时间、预约方式、会员与团体政策及各类人群票价，清晰说明参观规则与收费标准。 11．细节理解题。根据When部分“26 January — 27 March. Daily except Sundays: 10:00 — 17:00 (20:30 on Fridays).( 1 月26日至3月27日。除周日外，每天开放：10:00-17:00（周五为20:30）)”可知，参观者可选择2月13日（星期五）18:00参观。故选C。 12．细节理解题。根据● Members部分“We’ll then issue a same-day card for you to access your on-site benefits.(随后我们将为您办理一张当天生效的卡，以便您能享受我们提供的现场服务优惠)”可知，新成员领取一张临时参观证才能前来参观。故选A。 13．细节理解题。根据表格中“Adults    £22 (成人票：22 英镑)”以及“Students and 16 – 18 years of age    £20 (学生及16至18岁人群    20英镑)”可知，两个成年人和他们16岁的儿子去游玩需要支付22+22+20=64英镑。故选B。 14．G 15．F 16．D 17．E 18．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。人生难免遭遇逆境，本文介绍应对方法：借鉴榜样力量，寻求并给予社交支持，找寻生活意义，也可培养平和心态以快速走出困境。 14．根据上文“You enter the world where you are bound to encounter adversity (逆境).(你踏入这个世界后，必然会遭遇种种逆境)”以及后文“However, it’s the one you have to engage in, believing that you can get to the other side. You need strategies that can help you pull through more easily.(然而，你必须投身其中，坚信自己能够度过难关。你需要一些策略来帮助自己更顺利地度过这段时期)”可知，空前讲述人注定会遭遇逆境，空后转折“但这是你必须面对的”。故G选项“毫无疑问，熬过逆境往往是一场挣扎”衔接上下文，逻辑通顺。故选G。 15．根据上文“Finding role models is definitely constructive. It’s always comforting to know that someone else has experienced the same challenge you have. It’s even more helpful to know that they got through it, and how.(寻找榜样确实是有益的。知道自己有这样的人作为榜样，会让人感到很安心，因为他们肯定也曾经历过与你相同的困难。而如果还能了解到他们是如何克服这些困难的，那就更是很有帮助了)”以及后文“No matter who they are, they provide the inspiration and proof that it’s possible to overcome adversity.(无论他们是谁，他们都为我们提供了鼓舞人心的榜样，并证明了战胜逆境是完全有可能的)”可知，本段围绕寻找榜样展开，空后提到“无论他们是谁”，故F选项“他们可以是现实中的人，也可以是虚构人物”和下文关于榜样的身份呼应，F项中“They”指代前文 role models，前后呼应。故选F。 16．根据上文“Humans are built for social connections; individuals would suffer mentally and physically without them. Therefore, you should seek social support actively. A positive social connection shores up self- respect, lowers blood pressure and benefits the heart.(人类天生就倾向于建立社交联系；没有这些联系，个人的精神和身体都会受到损害。因此，你应该积极寻求社会支持。积极的社交关系能够增强自尊、降低血压并有益于心脏健康)”以及后文“Providing support for others provides a sense of purpose and reduces your own discomfort.(为他人提供帮助会给你带来一种目标感，并且还能减轻你自身的不适感)”可知，前文讲寻求社会支持、人际关系的好处，后文讲述为他人提供支持的意义。故D选项“但要记住，付出和索取同样重要”承上启下，衔接获得帮助与付出帮助。故选D。 17．根据后文“It’s not circumstances but the lack of a sense of purpose that makes life unbearable. Having a sense of purpose and sticking to values that support it provide the structure for something positive. It is a motivational force that operates even in the face of difficulties, pulling people forward.(造成生活难以忍受的，并非具体的情况，而是缺乏目标感。拥有明确的目标并坚守支撑这一目标的价值观，能为生活构建起积极的框架。这是一种激励力量，即便在面临困难时也能发挥作用，推动人们不断前进)”可知，此处引用名言，后文核心围绕“人生目标、意义”展开。故E选项“痛苦找到意义之时，便不再是痛苦”符合语境，故选E。 18．根据后文“There is another way, which the scientist Richard Davidson calls the “quiet path” :Instead of defeating unhappiness, build the skills of well-being, and make friends with your mind. Then, when adversity strikes, recovery is fast. That’s important because fast recovery prevents people from always thinking about the negative past.(还有另一种方法，科学家理查德·戴维森将其称为“宁静之路”：不要试图消除不快情绪，而是培养实现幸福所需的技能，并与自己的内心建立联系。这样，在遭遇逆境时，就能迅速恢复。这一点很重要，因为快速恢复能避免人们总是纠结于过去的消极经历)”可知，后文介绍另一种面对困境的温和方式（平静之路），与之对应，此处先提出一种应对选择。故C选项“面对逆境，坚强抗压是一种选择”符合语境，故选C。 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．D 33．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas想法；B. jokes笑话；C. memories记忆；D. discoveries发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可知，作者在讲述以前一些经历，这些经历回想起来很有趣，因此作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C项。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，作者与家人在过去的十年来有着美妙的露营经历，而此处作者讲述的是其中的一次经历，他们一起在溪边露营。故选A项。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. surprised惊讶的C. disappointed失望的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可知，作者把一根绳子系在儿子的腰上就是怕自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以可知作者对此是很担心的。故选D项。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可知，孩子之所以哭是因为身上被绑绳子而感觉不舒服。故选C项。 23．考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于；B. instead of代替，而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据上文“He was___4___, and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可知，因为孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者换了另一种方式，选择密切关注他，而不是在他身上绑绳子。故选B项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可知，孩子没有掉进小溪里是因为作者在密切关注着他，以防他掉下去，因此可知作者采取的这种关注小孩而不是用绳子把他绑起来的方式起作用了。故选A项。 25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册，报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房，结账离开；D. headed off启程，出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可知，天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可知，因为风暴来临，所以作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B项。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”以及下文的“thunder rolled.”可知，天气变得很糟糕，大风刮了起来。故选A项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者他们被困在湖中央，是因为马达坏了，发动不起来，因此可知作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wonder惊奇；D. signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，船依然无法启动，因此可知他们运气很差，没有好运。故选A项。 30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D项。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可知，作者他们得到了渔夫的帮助，因此作者和家人安全了。故选C项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。根据上文的“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage”以及下文的“wondering what camping fun”可知，作者他们一看到丈夫把露营车拉出来时，他们就会想知道接下来露营的乐趣是怎么样的，因此可知作者他们是期待接下来的露营，对此充满兴奋之情。故选D项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure冒险；C. performance表现；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of___14___, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可知，作者与家人想知道下一次露营的乐趣是什么，因此也十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B项。 【点睛】 34．solution 35．calls 36．enhancing 37．the 38．To get 39．and 40．stronger 41．were carried 42．which 43．similarly 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了吉林大学钱虎军及其团队通过添加纳米颗粒解决了塑料材料长期存在的强度、韧性与加工性难以兼顾的 “三难困境”，并解释了相关原理与应用前景。 34．考查名词。句意：少量纳米颗粒可能是一个长期困扰塑料生产商的问题的解决方案 —— 即如何制造出一种强度高、韧性好且易于加工的材料。定冠词the后需接名词，作表语，solve的名词形式为solution，此处表示特指，用单数。故填solution。 35．考查一般现在时。句意：吉林大学的钱虎军与其合作伙伴将此称为塑料三难困境，因为提高其强度往往会降低其韧性，而试图同时改善这两者会使这种材料更难加工。描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语为Qian Hujun，是单数第三人称，ogether with遵循就远一致原则，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填calls。 36．考查动名词。句意同上。空格处在从句中作主语，需用动名词形式。故填enhancing。 37．考查定冠词。句意同2小题。此处特指前文提到的塑料材料，用定冠词表特指。故填the。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避开这一难题，研究人员将纳米颗粒与几种常用塑料材料混合。此处表示目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，位于句首首字母大写。故填To get。 39．考查并列连词。句意：例如，他们将纳米颗粒添加到PEMA中，这种材料被用于制造助听器和人造指甲。hearing aids和artificial nails是并列名词短语，用and连接。故填and。 40．考查形容词比较级。句意：总体而言，这种新材料在不同测试中均表现出优于常规的性能，而像PEMA这样的材料在与纳米颗粒混合后，强度甚至提高了约50%。空格前有even about 50 per cent，表示与正常情况比较，需用形容词比较级。故填stronger。 41．考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：研究人员还对这种新材料进行了计算机模拟以了解其效果。描述过去发生的动作用一般过去时，主语simulations与carry out为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数。故填were carried。 42．考查定语从句。句意：对于受力状态下的塑料，这些模拟显示纳米颗粒可以在材料内部移动并重新分布，这使得材料变形得更缓慢、更平稳。空格引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 43．考查副词。句意：这种移动能力同样有助于塑料在受热时更易流动。修饰形容词beneficial需用副词形式。故填similarly。 ◐英语假期作业004— 1 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $