专题03 议论文（语篇知识+试题特征+主题预测）-2026年中考英语阅读知识结构化+时文热点突破（通用版）

2026年中考英语冲刺之阅读知识结构化+时文热点突破（通用版） 专题03 议论文（语篇知识+试题特征+主题预测） 议论文语篇及试题特征的结构化梳理 1 议论文类热点话题阅读预测 3 猜想一 人工智能的机遇与挑战 4 猜想二 数字时代的青少年成长 6 猜想三 “零废弃”与低碳生活 8 猜想四 人与自然和谐共生 10 猜想五 传统文化的现代创新 12 猜想六 文化自信与全球化 14 猜想七 挫折教育与心理韧性 15 猜想八 劳动教育与独立精神 17 猜想九 志愿服务与社会责任 19 猜想十 规则意识与公共秩序 22 议论文语篇及试题特征的结构化梳理 议论文的语篇特征分析 特征项 说明 示例 清晰集中的论点陈述 文章在引言部分明确提出中心论点，统领全文，为后续论证提供方向 “虽然社交媒体便利沟通，但可能导致社交孤立，需平衡使用。” 结构严谨的论证 采用“引言—主体段落—结论”结构，每段聚焦一个分论点，逻辑递进 引言提出问题 → 主体分析利弊 → 结论提出建议或重申立场 观点的平衡呈现 客观呈现正反双方观点，体现思辨性，避免片面化 先论述“免费公交缓解拥堵”，再分析“财政负担与公平性问题” 证据和事例的运用 使用数据、研究、案例等支撑观点，增强说服力 “研究表明，每日使用社交媒体超2小时者孤独感更高。” 批判性分析与评估 不仅罗列观点，还对各观点进行优劣分析，体现深度思考 尽管免费公交可减污染，但可能导致资源错配和系统超载。 清晰简洁的语言 使用正式、准确、易懂的语言，避免口语化和模糊表达 使用“因此”“然而”“相比之下”等逻辑连接词，提升可读性 有吸引力的写作风格 运用恰当的修辞或现实案例引发读者兴趣，促进批判性思考 以城市交通困境引入，激发读者对公共政策的反思 围绕议论文的试题命制分析 命题角度 考查重点 典型题型 题型特征 主旨大意理解 把握文章核心论点及写作目的 选择主旨句、概括中心思想题 题干避免干扰项过于相似，确保基于整体理解而非局部信息判断 细节信息识别 定位文中具体观点、数据或例子 细节匹配题、是非判断题 选项设计包含同义替换，考查信息转换能力而非死记硬背 推理判断 根据上下文推断作者态度、观点隐含意义或事件后果 推断作者态度、预测结果类题目 提供足够语境支持推理，避免过度推断或歧义 论证结构分析 理解段落功能、论证方式（如对比、因果、举例）及逻辑关系 段落作用题、句子排序题、结构选择题 结合图表或结构提示辅助考查，帮助学生识别“论点—论据—结论”链条 词义与句意理解 在语境中理解关键词语或复杂句的含义 猜测词义题、句意还原题 所选词汇具可推性，避免生僻术语；句子应体现典型议论文复杂结构 观点辨析与评价 区分作者观点与他人观点，识别支持性论据，评估论证有效性 作者观点识别题、论据匹配题 设置对立观点干扰项，考查学生辨别立场的能力 批判性思维引导 鼓励学生质疑假设、思考替代方案或提出个人见解 开放式问答、补全结论题 提供适度开放空间，但需设定评分标准以保证公平性 议论文类热点话题阅读预测 10大主题结构化梳理 科技发展与人文思考 聚焦技术革新带来的社会伦理挑战与人的主体性思考。 1.人工智能的机遇与挑战 (AI: Opportunities and Challenges) 核心议题： 探讨AI在提升效率（如智能场馆、AI农业）的同时，引发的关于隐私安全、伦理困境（AI ethics）及人类创造力价值的思考。 考查角度： 可能会要求学生分析AI作为“工具”而非“敌人”的定位，或讨论如何平衡技术进步与人文关怀。 2.数字时代的青少年成长 (Adolescent Growth in the Digital Age) 核心议题： 关注社交媒体、短视频对青少年专注力（focus）、心理健康及人际交往模式的影响。 考查角度： 辨析网络成瘾的利弊，探讨如何建立健康的网络使用习惯，以及在线教育与传统课堂的互补关系。 生态保护与绿色发展 关注人与自然的关系，强调可持续发展的理念。 3.“零废弃”与低碳生活 ("Zero-waste" and Low-carbon Life) 核心议题： 围绕垃圾分类政策、碳中和（carbon neutrality）目标，讨论个人生活方式的转变对生态平衡（ecological balance）的贡献。 考查角度： 结合具体数据或案例（如浙江的生态工程），论证绿色出行的必要性或评估环保措施的有效性。 4.人与自然和谐共生 (Harmony between Humanity and Nature) 核心议题： 重新审视自然与文化的关系，反驳“文化发展必以破坏自然为代价”的观点，倡导尊重自然。 考查角度： 通过具体事例（如生态修复工程），分析人类活动如何改善而非破坏自然环境。 文化传承与文明互鉴 探讨传统文化在当代的生命力以及新旧文化形态之间的关系。 5.传统文化的现代创新 (Modern Innovation of Traditional Culture) 核心议题： 聚焦传统文化（如丝绸、宋韵文化）如何利用现代科技（如数字打印、VR技术）焕发新生。 考查角度： 讨论“国潮”兴起的原因，分析传统文化走向世界（文明互鉴）的路径与意义。 6.文化自信与全球化 (Cultural Confidence and Globalization) 核心议题： 在全球化背景下，如何保持本土文化的独特性，同时吸收外来优秀文化。 考查角度： 对比中西方节日、饮食习惯或教育理念的异同，探讨文化多样性的价值。 青年成长与价值确立 关注青少年在成长中遇到的内心冲突与价值选择。 7.挫折教育与心理韧性 (Setback Education and Psychological Resilience) 核心议题： 讨论“双减”政策下，学生如何面对学业压力与竞争，培养抗挫折能力。 考查角度： 分析失败的价值，探讨如何建立积极的自我认知和情绪调节机制。 8.劳动教育与独立精神 (Labor Education and Independence) 核心议题： 针对青少年过度依赖父母或智能设备的现象，强调动手能力和劳动习惯的培养。 考查角度： 论证做家务或参与社会实践对个人品格塑造的重要性。 社会参与与公民责任 引导学生关注公共事务，思考个人与社会、国家乃至全球的关系。 9.志愿服务与社会责任 (Volunteering and Social Responsibility) 核心议题： 探讨参与社区服务、公益活动对培养公民意识的作用。 考查角度： 分析“助人为乐”在构建和谐社会中的意义，或讨论个人微小的善举如何汇聚成巨大的社会力量。 10.规则意识与公共秩序 (Rule of Law and Public Order) 核心议题： 围绕交通规则、公共场所礼仪等话题，讨论遵守规则的重要性。 考查角度： 辨析自由与规则的辩证关系，强调自律对于维护公共利益的价值。 猜想一 人工智能的机遇与挑战 It was dark outside, a late afternoon in the winter of 1981. As I did each week during my last year of graduate school, I was sitting with my thesis (论文) director, the poet James Dickey. I remember that particular meeting because of one ill-chosen word. In a poem that was otherwise finished, a single adjective was clearly wrong. We batted alternatives back and forth across the desk, but none was right. Hours later, while I was washing the cups at ten o’clock, the right word surfaced: pale. Without pausing to weigh the hour, I called my professor and said, “The word is ‘pale’.” Mr. Dickey was overjoyed about that word, every bit as delighted as I was. If only for a moment, the world made a kind of sense it hadn’t made before. I had not thought about that phone call, much less that poem, in many years, but I’ve begun to think about it often. Nowadays, “AI assistants” have suddenly colonized (征服) my documents. They appear out of nowhere, like fruit flies around an overripe banana. In this brave new world, the search for a word like “pale” has been outsourced to a robot that will never suggest such a word. The yoking of unlikely adjective and noun is still, for now, the province of unwetted poets. I have spent hours trying to kill these ghosts in my machine. In some cases, I can’t turn it off at all. The writing teachers I know struggle to persuade their students not to use these tools. They are everywhere now. Who could blame a young writer for wondering how using these “assistants” is any different from using spell check or letting AI supply the next word in a text? Besides, if they don’t use these tools, won’t they be falling behind the many students who do? Who was it who first said, “I don’t know what I think until I see what I write”? Versions of this statement have been attributed (具有……特质) to writers as various as Joan Didion, William Faulkner, and Stephen. In I, Robot, the 2004 film loosely inspired by Isaac Asimov’s classic sci-fi novel, one robot has feelings. It learns to solve problems with human creativity. And with those attributes come the questions raised by being human. Twenty-six minutes into the film, the robot asks, plaintively, “What am I?” This is a question writers ask every day. 1．The author suggests the AI tools are ______. A．intended to substitute for teachers’ judgment B．ideal for choosing rare and unlikely adjectives C．suitable for drafting poems with impactful imagery D．helpful for routine messages yet limited for discovery 2．What does the word “yoking” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Explaining. B．Comparing. C．Joining. D．Describing. 3．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．I, Human B．A Word, A World C．I, Robot D．A Student, A Professor 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了作者回忆当年和教授推敲诗歌用词的经历，对比如今AI辅助写作的现状，探讨了人类写作中寻找精准词汇的独特性，以及AI工具的局限性。 1．根据第三段“Nowadays, ‘AI assistants’ have suddenly colonized (征服) my documents ... the search for a word like ‘pale’ has been outsourced to a robot that will never suggest such a word... the yoking of unlikely adjective and noun is still, for now, the province of unwetted poets”提到AI被广泛用于文本写作，但作者强调，像“pale”这类充满个人体验和创造性的词，AI永远无法生成；而将不寻常的形容词与名词结合的创造性搭配，仍是人类诗人的专利；结合第四段“They are everywhere now. Who could blame a young writer for wondering how using these ‘assistants’ is any different from using spell check or letting AI supply the next word in a text?”可知，学生常将AI用于拼写检查、文本补词这类常规用途。这说明AI在常规、机械的文本处理上有帮助，但在需要创造性发现、捕捉独特表达的任务上存在局限，对应D项表达。 2．第三段划线词的上文提到“the search for a word like ‘pale’ has been outsourced to a robot that will never suggest such a word. ”作者为诗歌找到恰当形容词搭配的经历可知，此处指“把不常规搭配的形容词和名词结合在一起”，yoking的含义与选项Joining（结合）一致。 3．文章结尾引用电影《I, Robot》中机器人的台词 “What am I?”，并点明这也是作家们每天都会问的问题，强调了人类创作的本质是对自我与存在的探索。全文围绕 “AI 与人类创作的区别” 展开，突出 “人类创作的独特性”。I, Human（我，人类）呼应了电影标题，也点明了文章的核心 —— 人类创作的本质； B、D 仅对应文中的局部细节，无法概括全文主旨； C：电影《I, Robot》只是文中的例子，并非文章主题。 猜想二 数字时代的青少年成长 Nowadays, the Internet has become an important part of students’ daily life. More and more middle school students like to use the Internet very much, because it is really convenient and helpful for them. With a smartphone or a computer, students can get all kinds of information easily and quickly. They can search for learning materials, watch educational videos, look up new words and understand difficult knowledge in their study. Besides, the Internet helps them keep in touch with their classmates and teachers, discuss study problems together and share useful learning resources. What’s more, students can make more friendly and positive friends online who have the same hobbies, so they will not feel lonely and can learn how to communicate better with others. However, every coin has two sides. The Internet also brings many serious problems to students. A large number of students can’t control themselves well. They spend plenty of time playing online games, watching short videos and chatting aimlessly instead of studying. As a result, they have no enough time to finish their homework, review lessons or prepare for exams. Gradually, their study grades drop quickly and they even lose interest in their schoolwork. Worse still, some students talk with strange or bad people online. They may tell their personal information, such as their real names, home addresses and phone numbers to strangers easily. It is quite dangerous and unsafe for them, and they may get hurt or meet some bad things. As middle school students, we must have strong self-control and use the Internet in a wise and careful way. First of all, we should regard the Internet as a helpful study tool rather than an entertainment tool. We should make full use of it to improve our study, enrich our knowledge and broaden our horizons. Secondly, we must stay away from computer games and meaningless videos that waste our time. Thirdly, we should be very careful when making online friends. We must not believe strangers easily and never tell our personal information to people we don’t know. In a word, the Internet is a useful and helpful tool in the modern world. It brings great convenience to our study and life, but it can also bring trouble if we use it improperly. Only when we use the Internet in a right and reasonable way can it truly help us grow up healthily and make greater progress in our study. 1．Why do many students like to use the Internet? A．Because it’s easy to get information. B．Because they can play games all day. C．Because it’s not safe. D．Because they have no friends. 2．What problem do some students have? A．They study too hard. B．They spend too much time playing games. C．They don’t use the Internet. D．They have no time to play. 3．What should students do online? A．Play computer games. B．Talk with bad people. C．Use it to study. D．Make dangerous friends. 4．What does the writer think of the Internet? A．It’s useless. B．It’s dangerous. C．It’s helpful but must be used rightly. D．It’s bad for students. 5．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．how to make friends online B．how to use the Internet correctly C．why students don’t like the Internet D．how to play computer games 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲解了网络学习的普遍现象以及网络学习的利弊，关键在于学生如何合理使用和自我控制。 1．文中第一段“More and more middle school students like to use the Internet very much, because it is really convenient and helpful for them.”说明，很多学生喜欢使用互联网是因为获取信息很容易。 2．文中第二段“They spend plenty of time playing online games, watching short videos and chatting aimlessly instead of studying.”说明，他们花太多时间玩游戏。 3．文中第四段“Only when we use the Internet in a right and reasonable way can it truly help us grow up healthily and make greater progress in our study.”说明，学生应该用它来学习。 4．文中第四段“In a word, the Internet is a useful and helpful tool in the modern world. It brings great convenience to our study and life, but it can also bring trouble if we use it improperly.”说明，作者认为互联网很有用，但必须正确使用。 5．文中第三段“As middle school students, we must have strong self-control and use the Internet in a wise and careful way.”说明，文章主要告诉我们如何正确使用互联网。 猜想三 “零废弃”与低碳生活 People today are familiar with words, such as “going eco-friendly” and “sustainable lifestyle (可持续生活方式)”. Many people join “The Green Movement” and take nature-friendly lifestyles. However, there’s still a group of people who believe that going eco-friendly is only a short-term fashion and it isn’t going to last long. Many environmental organisations can prove that going eco-friendly is not only a fashion that lasts for a few months but a trend (趋势). These organisations pay close attention to different green causes and hold activities to increase people’s awareness on environmental problems. The use of sustainable products like bamboo straws and electric cars is another evidence to show going eco-friendly isn’t a show. The customers are willing to buy such products, and more and more companies invest (投资) money in the production. Starbucks gives their customers discounts if they bring their own bottles for drinks. The efforts that are made by companies and customers show a change in the attitudes of people towards taking a sustainable lifestyle. Meanwhile, some other people hold the view that people who take eco-friendly methods just want to improve their own image. They won’t keep the lifestyle for a long time. For example, some people post videos on the Internet and pretend they live in a zero-waste life. However, going eco-friendly isn’t a kind of fashion or a way to get others’ attention. For those who follow their zero-waste lifestyles over years, it’s about a promise that can only come with a true change in attitudes towards caring for the earth. What’s worse, some customers go eco-friendly only because they think it’s popular. Today, buying recycled clothes is highly encouraged. It’s common to walk past the shops that claim to sell clothing made from recycled materials. However, many companies use only a small number of recycled materials, as low as 1%, to make their “eco-friendly” clothes. A lot of customers are cheated by the advertisements of such big companies. All of these suggest that going eco-friendly is all about looking the part, and nothing more. The call to save the earth seems to remain for a while. It’s hoped that all the efforts for environmental protection will go a long way so that our future generations can have a better living environment. 1．What might be the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 2．What can people do to have a sustainable lifestyle? A．Change the attitude towards the fast food. B．Collect evidence about going eco-friendly. C．Take their own bottles when they buy drinks. D．Record daily lives and post videos on the Internet. 3．What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5? A．Customers need to learn more ways of going eco-friendly. B．People have to change the attitudes towards recycled clothes. C．Some people don’t take going eco-friendly as a long-term lifestyle. D．More activities should be held by big companies to save the world. 4．Which of the following can best express the message (启示) of the passage? A．Solve different problems in different ways. B．Protecting the nature is protecting ourselves. C．Be careful of the information from the media. D．Saving the earth needs every effort all the time. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。章主要论述了关于“环保”存在两种观点，一种认为是长期趋势，一种觉得是短期时尚，通过列举不同方面的事例展开讨论，最后呼吁环保需持续努力。 1．篇章结构题。文章第一段提出有两种观点，一种认为环保是长期趋势，一种认为是短期时尚；第二段阐述环保是趋势的证据；第三段又提及有人认为环保只是改善自身形象，不会长久；第四段强调环保不是时尚或博关注；第五段指出一些公司在环保方面弄虚作假；最后一段呼吁环保需持续努力。总分总结构，先提出两种观点，中间分别论述，最后总结呼吁。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Starbucks gives their customers discounts if they bring their own bottles for drinks.”可知，人们买饮料时自带瓶子是一种可持续生活方式的做法。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段划线句子“All of these suggest that going eco - friendly is all about looking the part, and nothing more.”结合前文提到一些公司在环保产品上弄虚作假，很多顾客被欺骗，说明有些人只是表面上环保，并非将环保作为长期生活方式。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章通过论述环保存在的各种现象，最后呼吁希望环保努力能长久，让后代有更好环境，即拯救地球需要一直努力。故选D。 猜想四 人与自然和谐共生 ①People often choose to support animals they feel close to, especially those that look cute. Pandas, tigers, and polar bears easily win people’s hearts and attention, while animals like the blobfish, which was once called the world’s ugliest animal, are often left unnoticed. This choice is usually not based on how much protection an animal truly needs. Instead, it has more to do with how people feel about it. That’s why the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) chose a panda for its logo, a choice that reflects how strongly people react to cute animals. ②It is proved that humans naturally like certain features of animals, such as big eyes, round faces and soft fur (皮毛). These features remind us of human babies. As a result, people often feel a natural need to protect animals that look baby-like. Our brains are naturally set up to notice cuteness, which makes us care more about these animals, often without realizing it. ③However, this preference comes at a cost. Protection and research often focus on animals that look good, while less beautiful ones receive far less attention. Simon Watt, a biologist and science communicator, believes this is a problem. “If you’re a tiger or an elephant, researchers will compete for the chance to study you,” Watt explains. “But if you’re an insect or an unusual sea animal, you might not get the same attention.” To change the situation, Watt helped raise money for The Ugly Animal Preservation Society. ④Watt says it is fantastic that people want to help pandas. “But we need to look beyond beautiful animals,” he adds. “Protecting nature means paying attention to animals we may not love for their looks.” ⑤Many unpopular or “ugly” animals also play important roles in ecosystems. If they disappear, the balance of nature could be broken. We need to think again, as scientists warn that protecting animals should not turn into a popularity competition. Every animal is important and deserves (值得) attention, even if people do not love it. 1．Why does the writer mention WWF’s panda logo in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce how WWF created its logo. B．To suggest that people prefer cute animals. C．To show how cuteness influences public support. D．To present pandas as the most popular animals. 2．Which paragraph mainly explains why people choose to support cute animals? A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 5. 3．Which of the following would Simon Watt probably agree with? A．It is unfair for people to raise money to help pandas. B．Ugly animals should get more support than the cute ones. C．Animals should be protected for more than just their appearance. D．People should care more about animals that they feel close to. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Think Again: Too Ugly to Be Loved? B．Popularity vs. Protection: A Wake-Up Call for Wildlife Care C．The Ugly Truth: Why Cute Animals Get More Protection D．Save the Ugly: How The Ugly Animal Preservation Society Helps 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了人们在选择支持或保护动物时，往往更倾向于外表可爱、惹人喜爱的动物，而忽视了其他不美观但对生态系统同样重要的“丑陋”动物。作者分析了这种偏好的心理原因，指出了其可能带来的问题，并呼吁人们超越外表，给予所有动物应有的关注和保护。 1．推理判断题。 根据文章第1段“That’s why the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) chose a panda for its logo, a choice that reflects how strongly people react to cute animals.”可知，作者提到WWF用熊猫作为标志，是为了举例说明前文观点“人们倾向于支持他们觉得亲近、外表可爱的动物”，这一选择反映了“可爱”如何强烈地影响公众的反应和支持。因此，举例的目的在于展示可爱度如何影响公众支持。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。文章第2段开头明确指出“It is proved that humans naturally like certain features of animals…These features remind us of human babies… Our brains are naturally set up to notice cuteness, which makes us care more about these animals…”，第2段从科学和心理层面详细解释了人们偏好可爱动物的原因。其他段落分别介绍现象（第1段）、指出问题（第3段）、发出呼吁（第4、5段）。故选B。 3． 推理判断题。根据文章第4段Simon Watt的观点“But we need to look beyond beautiful animals…Protecting nature means paying attention to animals we may not love for their looks.”可知，他并不反对帮助熊猫，但强调需要超越动物的外表，保护那些可能因其外表而不被喜爱的动物。因此，他最可能同意“动物应该因其价值（而不仅仅是外表）而受到保护”。C选项准确地概括了这一观点。A、B、D选项均与原文Watt的观点不符或过于绝对。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据全文内容，文章围绕人们因外形偏爱保护可爱动物、忽视“丑陋”动物的现象展开，指出所有动物都有保护价值，呼吁保护野生动物不能只看受欢迎程度。选项B“受欢迎度与保护：野生动物保护的警钟”能概括全文主旨。故选B。 猜想五 传统文化的现代创新 A traditional snack Yang’s Dumpling, a famous shengjian restaurant, tested a surprisingly new product in 2021: shengjian filled with red beans and oat milk. But is it a good idea for shengjian, a traditional Chinese food, to be “reinvented”? My answer is “No”. Shengjian is a popular snack in Shanghai. The city is home to many successful shengjian restaurants, such as Yang’s Dumpling, Dahuchun and Dongtaixiang. Each of them has its own traditions. Their recipes (烹饪法) also differ slightly from each other. Everybody has his or her favourite shengjian brand. It’s just like why some people like YADEBAO while others prefer Hui Wei’s, though the two are both fast food restaurants. In the hearts of shengjian fans, innovation is not important at all. All they expect is that plate of fried pork buns that they have always enjoyed. Over the past few years, many brands have tried to show themselves in order to attract and keep young customers. But do the young generations always like creative things? In my opinion, when young customers choose one particular brand over another, what they care about most is whether the brand has its special characteristics. As for a shengjian restaurant, as long as it can always practise its traditional crafts and use high quality ingredients (原料), it will be able to attract young people and continue to be successful. Innovation is good and should be encouraged, but this is not true for every single field. The most important thing that a shengjian restaurant should do is to protect its tradition. 1．What are the ingredients in the new product of Yang’s Dumpling? A．Pork and vegetables. B．Beans and oat milk. C．Shrimp and eggs. D．Beef and onion. 2．Why does the writer give examples of YADEBAO and Hui Wei’s? A．The writer likes these two fast food restaurants. B．These two fast food restaurants have Chinese traditions. C．The foods in these fast food restaurants always have new products. D．The writer wants to explain why different people love different shengjian brands. 3．What does the underlined word “innovation” mean in Chinese? A．味道 B．革新 C．配料 D．环境 4．What do the young generations care about most in the writer’s opinion? A．Whether new brands will appear in the city, including foods and drinks. B．Whether the city is home to many successful shengjian restaurants. C．Whether the brand has its special characteristics. D．Whether the restaurant uses traditional crafts and high-quality ingredients. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Shengjian is a popular snack in Shanghai. B．Everyone has his or her right to choose Shengjian and fast food. C．Don’t stop the young generations creating more innovations. D．A shengjian restaurant should protect its tradition. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．D 【解析】本文以小杨生煎推出红豆燕麦奶馅料新品为例，表达观点：生煎作为传统美食，无需盲目创新，守住传统工艺、用好优质原料，才是长久发展的核心。 1．根据第一段“tested a surprisingly new product in 2021: shengjian filled with red beans and oat milk”，新品生煎的馅料是红豆和燕麦奶。 2．第二段先提出观点“Everybody has his or her favourite shengjian brand.”，作者举这两个快餐店的例子，是用大家熟悉的情况类比，解释不同人会喜爱不同生煎品牌的原因。 3．本文围绕传统生煎要不要改造创新展开讨论，划线词对应前文的“reinvented”，结合后文“All they expect is that plate of fried pork buns that they have always enjoyed.”，可推知innovation意思是“革新”。 4．根据第三段“what they care about most is whether the brand has its special characteristics”，作者认为年轻消费者最在意的是品牌自身独有的特色。 5．文章首尾呼应，结尾点明核心主旨：创新并非适用于所有领域，生煎门店最重要的事是守护自身传统，对应选项D。 猜想六 文化自信与全球化 Today, China would like to make its voice heard, by telling true stories. “Story telling is the best way for international communication,” President Xi Jinping said. “We should tell stories about China well and spread China’s voice well.” Telling Chinese stories warms people’s hearts and brings the Chinese people and people of other countries closer. By listening to true stories of China, many people around the world get to know more about China. First, a good Chinese story should be about the Chinese national spirit and Chinese cultural confidence (自信). Recently, the hot Chinese movie of The Battle (战役) at Lake Changjin has been popular with people around the world. The movies tells an amazing (惊人的) historical story: Seventy three years ago, the People’s Volunteer (志愿者) Army (PVA) entered North Korea for battle. Under very cold conditions, the soldiers (军人) on the Eastern Front bravely fought the enemy at Lake Changjin. Although Chinese culture has continued for thousands of years, we should find a new way to tell Chinese stories. Li Ziqi, for example, has become famous on TikTok for her short videos. She has received tens of millions of likes on the Internet. She spread Chinese culture to the world by showing her daily life in the countryside. Therefore, as a Chinese, learning how to tell a good Chinese story in English is very important. We should fully understand the Chinese culture and learn English well so that the world will have a better understanding of us. 1．How do people around the world get to know more about China? A．By communicating with Chinese. B．By reading books about China. C．By listening to true stories of China. D．By experiencing living in China. 2．What is a good Chinese story? A．It should tell people how to live well in China. B．It should tell people how to communicate with Chinese. C．It should be about how People’s Volunteer Army fought the enemy. D．It should be about Chines national spirit and culture confidence. 3．How did Li Ziqi tell Chinese stories? A．By making movies about Chinese culture. B．By showing her daily life in the countryside. C．By sharing Chinese stories with short videos. D．By talking about Chinese culture on the Internet. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 【解析】本文主要是介绍一个好的中国故事是什么样，以及学会用英语讲好中国故事很重要。 1．细节理解题。根据“By listening to true stories of China, many people around the world get to know more about China.”可知可以通过倾听中国的真实故事来更多地了解中国，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“First, a good Chinese story should be about the Chinese national spirit and Chinese cultural confidence (自信).”可知一个好的中国故事应该跟中华民族精神与中华文化自信有关，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“She spread Chinese culture to the world by showing her daily life in the countryside.”可知李子柒通过展示她的乡村日常生活来讲述中国故事，故选B。 猜想七 挫折教育与心理韧性 In recent years, self-care has become a popular topic across social media. However, many people find it difficult to truly receive the benefits. Why? Because we’ve lost touch with what it really means to take care of ourselves. Self-care (自我关怀) is often seen as something grand and expensive only for special times or when life gets very stressful. Real self-care; however, doesn’t require a lot of money or time. It’s about finding simple, meaningful ways to check in with yourself regularly (定期地), even among your daily responsibilities. It. could be taking five minutes to breathe deeply or having a cup of tea quietly. One of the most important aspects of self-care is the ability to be fully present in the moment. Imagine lying on the beach while checking emails or social media. The purpose might be to relax, but the reality is that your mind is still taking in information, leaving you feeling just as tired as before. Presence requires mindfulness—fully getting involved in the activity rather than focusing on what’s next on your to-do list. When you’re present, even simple acts of self-care become powerful tools for refreshment. The most effective self-care practices are often the simplest ones—those that can easily fit into your daily routine (日常事务). What matters most is consistency because it strengthens the habit of checking in with yourself and satisfying your needs in time. Consider the influence of just a few minutes each day on something that makes you feel good, such as enjoying a moment of Silence during your lunch break or going for a short walk. These small acts, when practiced repeatedly, can have an increasing effect on your well-being. Practicing self-care, however, can be difficult. For some people; there’s always a voice that says, “There’s too much to do to waste time on self-care.” This inner voice makes as think that taking time for ourselves is selfish. Others may feel regretful for stepping away from then responsibilities, even for a short time. These inner blocks are an important reason why self-care can feel stressful. You should clear them and allow yourself to care for your physical and mental health without self-judgement. As you deal with the challenges of daily life, remember that self-care is a necessity. By focusing on presence and consistency and by dealing with the inner blocks that hold you back, you can unlock the true benefits of self-care. 1．What do people think of self-care according to the Paragraph 1 of the passage? A．Self-care is something only for special times or when life gets very stressful. B．Self-care is about ways to express ourselves. C．Self-care requires a lot of time and money. D．Self-care is about ways of reflection. 2．Why does the writer use the example in Paragraph 3? A．To explain the purpose of self-care. B．To stress the importance of mindfulness. C．To introduce a common way of relaxation. D．To show the difficulty in fitting self-care into life. 3．What does the word “consistency” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Enjoying what you are doing. B．Finding out what you really need. C．Keeping a regular practice of an activity. D．Doing different things for your well-being. 4．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．We should put our responsibilities before self-care. B．We should avoid self-judgement while caring for ourselves. C．The more time we spend on self-care, the more effective it is. D．Practicing self-care when feeling stressed requires a lot of money. 5．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．What Is Real Self-Care? B．Why Is Self-Care So Difficult? C．Self-Care: Common Practices in Daily Life. D．Self-Care: The Key to a Healthy and Happy Life. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 【解析】本文探讨了近年来流行的自我关怀话题，指出真正的自我关怀无需大量金钱和时间，强调了专注当下和保持规律性的重要性，还提及了人们在实践自我关怀时面临的内心阻碍及应对方法，旨在让人们理解并解锁自我关怀的真正益处。 1．细节理解题。根据“Self-care (自我关怀) is often seen as something grand and expensive only for special times or when life gets very stressful.”可知，人们常认为自我关怀是“只有在特殊时期或压力大时才需要的宏大而昂贵的东西”，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“One of the most important aspects of self-care is the ability to be fully present in the moment.”可知，第三段通过沙滩看邮件的例子说明，若无法专注当下放松效果会大打折扣，从而强调“正念”的重要性。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“What matters most is consistency because it strengthens the habit of checking in with yourself and satisfying your needs in time.”并结合后文的“Consider the influence of just a few minutes each day on something that makes you feel good, such as enjoying a moment of Silence during your lunch break or going for a short walk.”可知，文中提到“consistency”指的是“有规律地进行一项活动”，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“This inner voice makes as think that taking time for ourselves is selfish…These inner blocks are an important reason why self-care can feel stressful.”以及“By focusing on presence and consistency and by dealing with the inner blocks that hold you back, you can unlock the true benefits of self-care.”可知，作者可能同意清除内心障碍（如自责），允许自己关怀身心健康。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知， 全文核心是澄清自我关怀的本质，选项A适合作为文章标题。故选A。 猜想八 劳动教育与独立精神 In many families today, teenagers’ schedules are fully managed by parents—from homework deadlines to weekend activities. While well-intentioned, this over-involvement may hinder the development of personal responsibility, experts warn.    “Responsibility isn’t just completing tasks,” says Dr. Lin Mei, a youth psychologist. “It’s about making choices, facing consequences, and learning from mistakes. If adults always step in to fix things, teens never build resilience.”      Recognizing this, several schools in Changzhou have introduced “Autonomy Projects.” In one program, ninth-graders design and run a mini-community service initiative—such as organizing a neighborhood e-waste collection drive or tutoring younger students in math. They must plan budgets, assign roles, and solve unexpected problems, all with minimal teacher intervention.      “The goal is to shift from ‘What should I do?’ to ‘What do I choose to do?’” explains Mr. Huang, a coordinator. “Failure is allowed—even encouraged—as long as they reflect and adapt.”     Initial results are promising. Teachers report increased initiative and problem-solving skills. Parents notice their children taking more ownership of chores and time management. “My son used to forget his P.E. kit every Monday,” said Mrs. Xu. “Now he prepares it Sunday night—without being reminded.”     Dr. Lin emphasizes that responsibility fosters long-term confidence. “A teen who learns to own their decisions at 15 won’t be overwhelmed by adult life at 25,” she says. “Independence isn’t given—it’s practiced.” 1．According to Dr. Lin, what is a key element of true responsibility? A．Following parents’ instructions carefully. B．Avoiding mistakes at all costs. C．Learning from one’s own decisions. D．Completing assigned chores quickly. 2．What do students do in the “Autonomy Projects”? A．Manage real-life community tasks. B．Compete in academic exams. C．Write essays about famous leaders. D．Attend extra tutoring classes. 3．What change did Mrs. Xu observe in her son? A．He became more interested in sports. B．He started reminding her about chores. C．He took initiative without prompts. D．He refused to do homework alone. 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To criticize modern parenting styles. B．To promote a new school curriculum. C．To compare Chinese and Western education. D．To argue that responsibility must be practiced early. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文主要围绕青少年责任感培养展开论述，主要论证了责任感必须尽早培养。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s about making choices, facing consequences, and learning from mistakes.”可知，责任感是关于做出选择、面对后果并从错误中学习，即：从自己做的决定中学习。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“In one program, ninth-graders design and run a mini-community service initiative—such as organizing a neighborhood e-waste collection drive or tutoring younger students in math.”可知，在“自治项目”中，学生要设计并运营小型社区服务项目，即：管理真实的社区任务。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“‘My son used to forget his P.E. kit every Monday,’ said Mrs. Xu. ‘Now he prepares it Sunday night—without being reminded.’”可知，许太太现在不用提醒，她的儿子周日晚上就准备好体育用品。这说明她的儿子不用别人提醒就会主动做事。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文并根据最后一段可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是论述责任感必须尽早培养。故选D。 猜想九 志愿服务与社会责任 Should You Pay to Volunteer? Last updated on December 20,2024 Janet Harper I’ve never paid to volunteer, but there are actually volunteer programs which volunteers pay to sign up for. Do you think people should pay to volunteer? Leave your comments below. Molly Green There is no straight answer to this difficult question. I would separate two types of volunteering, namely skilled and generic (普通的). Skilled volunteers are those who spend their time providing a service connected to their career skills. I firmly believe that those people shouldn’t pay and, in some cases, deserve at least a small living allowance (津贴) or free accommodation (住宿). For example, I have been volunteering full-time for some international organizations using my law skills. This is the kind of volunteering that should be free. Generic volunteers are those who go to a school, camp or village to spend only a few weeks. They are really valuable, but they might work part-time and their duties are usually related to amusement for children. Sometimes I agree that they should pay a fee as they are a small burden (负担) for the organization. Natalie James I’ve never actually paid to volunteer, though I’ve volunteered overseas with Peace Corps (维和部队). I’ve been looking for other long-term international volunteer programs. For me ,personally, I can’t afford to provide long-term service if the living costs aren’t covered. However, I would also consider short-term programs. There are a couple of things you need to know to be comfortable working with a volunteer organization: (1) Who is running the program? (2) Could there be any harmful side effects of your service? (3) Is the program sustainable (可持续的)?    My advice to people is: ________, especially when overseas, to make sure it’s worth it. Susan McGay At the agency (服务机构) I work for, the program fee covers housing, meals and sometimes even language classes. But, most importantly, it includes 24/7 support. With all of these, volunteers are not necessarily “paying to volunteer,” but paying for a program with valuable support. It helps you succeed as a volunteer. Ashley Wright I used to think volunteering should be free, until I signed up for a month in a jungle looking after two pumas named Simba and Sonko. Yes, I paid for it, and I’m glad I did as I could see exactly where my money went: into the caring of those beautiful cats. The pumas can’t return to the wild because they might be killed by hunters. Have your eyes wide open if you choose to pay for volunteering, you can ask questions, but don’t say “no” to this idea as you might be missing out on the experience of your lifetime! 1．Janet Harper ________. A．has never taken part in a paid volunteer program B．suggests people choose paid volunteer programs C．agrees that paid volunteer programs are better than the free ones D．encourages more people to sign up for meaningful volunteer programs. 2．Which of the following people has paid to volunteer? A．Molly Green. B．Natalie James. C．Susan McGay. D．Ashley Wright. 3．According to Molly Green, ________. A．generic volunteers should be paid for their hard work B．generic volunteers are not as important as skilled volunteers C．skilled volunteers make good use of their career skills in their volunteer work D．skilled volunteers must be provided with a living allowance and free accommodation 4．According to Susan McGay ________. A．only paid volunteer programs are good ones B．the more a volunteer agency charges, the better support it provides C．a volunteer actually pays to receive support to become a successful volunteer D．a paid volunteer can have free housing and free meals, but not free language classes 5．Choose the best phrase to fill in the blank in the “Natalie James” part. My advice to people is: ________, especially when overseas, to make sure it’s worth it. A．Always do your research before volunteering B．Don’t take part in any paid volunteer programs C．Always be sure you have enough money for your volunteer trips D．Gain as much volunteer experience as possible before signing up for paid volunteer programs 6．According to the article, which of the following statements is true? A．Susan McGay is in favor of paid volunteer programs. B．It has never occurred to Ashley Wright that volunteering should be free. C．Natalie James doesn’t want to take part in short-term volunteer programs. D．Molly Green lists a few important things to know before one signs up for a volunteer program. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．A 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，围绕人们是否应该付费参加志愿活动展开讨论，不同的人给出了不同的观点和看法。 1．“Janet Harper”部分指出“I’ve never paid to volunteer, but there are actually volunteer programs which volunteers pay to sign up for.”以及“Do you think people should pay to volunteer? Leave your comments below.”，这直接说明Janet Harper从未参加过付费志愿项目，并引出关于是否应付费志愿的讨论。 2．“Ashley Wright”部分提到“I used to think volunteering should be free, until I signed up for a month in a jungle looking after two pumas named Simba and Sonko. Yes, I paid for it”，以Ashley Wright在丛林照顾美洲狮并付费为例，说明她付费参加了志愿活动。 3． “Molly Green” 部分提到“Skilled volunteers are those who spend their time providing a service connected to their career skills.”以及“For example, I have been volunteering full-time for some international organizations using my law skills. This is the kind of volunteering that should be free.”，说明有技能的志愿者在志愿工作中充分利用了他们的职业技能。 4．“Susan McGay”部分提到“At the agency (服务机构) I work for, the program fee covers housing, meals and sometimes even language classes. But, most importantly, it includes 24/7 support. With all of these, volunteers are not necessarily “paying to volunteer,” but paying for a program with valuable support. It helps you succeed as a volunteer.”，以Susan McGay所在机构收费提供支持帮助志愿者成功为例，说明志愿者实际上是付费获得支持以成为成功的志愿者。 5．“Natalie James”部分提到“There are a couple of things you need to know to be comfortable working with a volunteer organization: (1) Who is running the program? (2) Could there be any harmful side effects of your service? (3) Is the program sustainable (可持续的)?”，说明在参加志愿活动前要了解一些事情，即做研究，所以“Always do your research before volunteering”符合语境，强调在志愿前做研究确保值得。 6．“Susan McGay”部分提到“At the agency (服务机构) I work for, the program fee covers housing, meals and sometimes even language classes. But, most importantly, it includes 24/7 support. With all of these, volunteers are not necessarily “paying to volunteer,” but paying for a program with valuable support. It helps you succeed as a volunteer.”，这直接说明Susan McGay所在机构收费提供支持，表明她支持付费志愿项目。 猜想十 规则意识与公共秩序 A character in one of Shakespeare’s plays once said, “Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.” Any of these could apply to the modern day sportsmen. Many still argue about the nature of their talent. Some say that people are born to be sportsmen, while others say it is only through hard work that they achieve their abilities. Regardless of the opinions, true greatness for them is only realized when their talents are acknowledged (承认) by the public. With this acknowledgement of their “greatness” come money, power, influence and responsibility. For better or for worse, like it or hate it, modern sportsmen are the role models of children worldwide. These children will grow up admiring their heroes, copying their every move, and wanting to be like them. With the influence of the media, this becomes even more common. So it is more important than ever for these sportsmen to recognize their responsibility. In the past few months, there have been many examples of questionable behaviors from sports stars. Present-day sports stars often mirror the less admirable aspects of society, which is often quickly pointed out by the self-righteous (自以为是的) media. It would be wrong for us to expect sportsmen to be perfect. It would also be wrong for us to think that their behavior is greatly worse than the sportsmen in the past. But with the all-seeing eye of modern media, it is a different world. So different standards must be expected. Of course there is no duty for sportsmen to be good role models. It’s totally their choice whether they consider their behavior appropriate (恰当的), as long as it complies with (遵守) the law. Furthermore, measuring the true influence their decisions have on their followers is absolutely impossible. Some will rise against their idols, seeing them in a new light and criticizing their actions. Others may copy their heroes’ actions, using them as a shield (挡箭牌) when making the same mistakes. It is certain that the actions of sportsmen will influence the lives of those who admire them. Present-day sportsmen are like role models in today’s world, and their actions are watched carefully by millions over the world. Some may complain against it, denying (否认) their influence on these children’s lives. Others may realize it but not respect it, while many may both realize it and respect it. In a word, you do not choose whether you are a role model. All you can do is to decide how to act when greatness is thrust upon you. 1．In Paragraph 1, the author tries to stress ________. A．sportsmen achieve success and greatness through their efforts B．there are two ways for people to achieve success and greatness C．the important qualities for the sportsmen to become great nowadays D．sportsmen become great when their gifts are recognized by people 2．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．Most fans copy their heroes’ wrong actions when they don’t realize it. B．Sportsmen are self-righteous because the media makes them famous. C．The media sometimes overstresses the misbehavior of the sportsmen. D．Sportsmen have the right to behave as they wish when facing their fans. 3．The underlined phrase “thrust upon” most probably means ________. A．pulled off B．forced on C．related to D．removed from 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To remind the sportsmen of their social responsibilities. B．To advise the media to choose proper sport events to report C．To argue that sportsmen should be respected more as heroes. D．To inform the public that sportsmen are not suitable role models. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了现代运动员作为公众人物的责任和影响力，以及媒体对他们的行为进行监督的现象。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“true greatness for them is only realized when their talents are acknowledged by the public”可知，作者强调运动员的伟大在于公众对其天赋的认可。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第3段“Present-day sports stars often mirror the less admirable aspects of society, which is often quickly pointed out by the self-righteous media”可知，媒体有时会过度强调运动员的不良行为。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第1段“some have greatness thrust upon them”可知，有些人被强加伟大，“thrust upon”意为“强加于”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。全文围绕运动员的社会责任展开，尤其是最后一段“All you can do is to decide how to act when greatness is thrust upon you”点明主旨，提醒运动员认识到自己的责任。故选A。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年中考英语冲刺之阅读知识结构化+时文热点突破（通用版） 专题03 议论文（语篇知识+试题特征+主题预测） 议论文语篇及试题特征的结构化梳理 1 议论文类热点话题阅读预测 3 猜想一 人工智能的机遇与挑战 4 猜想二 数字时代的青少年成长 5 猜想三 “零废弃”与低碳生活 7 猜想四 人与自然和谐共生 8 猜想五 传统文化的现代创新 10 猜想六 文化自信与全球化 11 猜想七 挫折教育与心理韧性 12 猜想八 劳动教育与独立精神 14 猜想九 志愿服务与社会责任 15 猜想十 规则意识与公共秩序 17 议论文语篇及试题特征的结构化梳理 议论文的语篇特征分析 特征项 说明 示例 清晰集中的论点陈述 文章在引言部分明确提出中心论点，统领全文，为后续论证提供方向 “虽然社交媒体便利沟通，但可能导致社交孤立，需平衡使用。” 结构严谨的论证 采用“引言—主体段落—结论”结构，每段聚焦一个分论点，逻辑递进 引言提出问题 → 主体分析利弊 → 结论提出建议或重申立场 观点的平衡呈现 客观呈现正反双方观点，体现思辨性，避免片面化 先论述“免费公交缓解拥堵”，再分析“财政负担与公平性问题” 证据和事例的运用 使用数据、研究、案例等支撑观点，增强说服力 “研究表明，每日使用社交媒体超2小时者孤独感更高。” 批判性分析与评估 不仅罗列观点，还对各观点进行优劣分析，体现深度思考 尽管免费公交可减污染，但可能导致资源错配和系统超载。 清晰简洁的语言 使用正式、准确、易懂的语言，避免口语化和模糊表达 使用“因此”“然而”“相比之下”等逻辑连接词，提升可读性 有吸引力的写作风格 运用恰当的修辞或现实案例引发读者兴趣，促进批判性思考 以城市交通困境引入，激发读者对公共政策的反思 围绕议论文的试题命制分析 命题角度 考查重点 典型题型 题型特征 主旨大意理解 把握文章核心论点及写作目的 选择主旨句、概括中心思想题 题干避免干扰项过于相似，确保基于整体理解而非局部信息判断 细节信息识别 定位文中具体观点、数据或例子 细节匹配题、是非判断题 选项设计包含同义替换，考查信息转换能力而非死记硬背 推理判断 根据上下文推断作者态度、观点隐含意义或事件后果 推断作者态度、预测结果类题目 提供足够语境支持推理，避免过度推断或歧义 论证结构分析 理解段落功能、论证方式（如对比、因果、举例）及逻辑关系 段落作用题、句子排序题、结构选择题 结合图表或结构提示辅助考查，帮助学生识别“论点—论据—结论”链条 词义与句意理解 在语境中理解关键词语或复杂句的含义 猜测词义题、句意还原题 所选词汇具可推性，避免生僻术语；句子应体现典型议论文复杂结构 观点辨析与评价 区分作者观点与他人观点，识别支持性论据，评估论证有效性 作者观点识别题、论据匹配题 设置对立观点干扰项，考查学生辨别立场的能力 批判性思维引导 鼓励学生质疑假设、思考替代方案或提出个人见解 开放式问答、补全结论题 提供适度开放空间，但需设定评分标准以保证公平性 议论文类热点话题阅读预测 10大主题结构化梳理 科技发展与人文思考 聚焦技术革新带来的社会伦理挑战与人的主体性思考。 1.人工智能的机遇与挑战 (AI: Opportunities and Challenges) 核心议题： 探讨AI在提升效率（如智能场馆、AI农业）的同时，引发的关于隐私安全、伦理困境（AI ethics）及人类创造力价值的思考。 考查角度： 可能会要求学生分析AI作为“工具”而非“敌人”的定位，或讨论如何平衡技术进步与人文关怀。 2.数字时代的青少年成长 (Adolescent Growth in the Digital Age) 核心议题： 关注社交媒体、短视频对青少年专注力（focus）、心理健康及人际交往模式的影响。 考查角度： 辨析网络成瘾的利弊，探讨如何建立健康的网络使用习惯，以及在线教育与传统课堂的互补关系。 生态保护与绿色发展 关注人与自然的关系，强调可持续发展的理念。 3.“零废弃”与低碳生活 ("Zero-waste" and Low-carbon Life) 核心议题： 围绕垃圾分类政策、碳中和（carbon neutrality）目标，讨论个人生活方式的转变对生态平衡（ecological balance）的贡献。 考查角度： 结合具体数据或案例（如浙江的生态工程），论证绿色出行的必要性或评估环保措施的有效性。 4.人与自然和谐共生 (Harmony between Humanity and Nature) 核心议题： 重新审视自然与文化的关系，反驳“文化发展必以破坏自然为代价”的观点，倡导尊重自然。 考查角度： 通过具体事例（如生态修复工程），分析人类活动如何改善而非破坏自然环境。 文化传承与文明互鉴 探讨传统文化在当代的生命力以及新旧文化形态之间的关系。 5.传统文化的现代创新 (Modern Innovation of Traditional Culture) 核心议题： 聚焦传统文化（如丝绸、宋韵文化）如何利用现代科技（如数字打印、VR技术）焕发新生。 考查角度： 讨论“国潮”兴起的原因，分析传统文化走向世界（文明互鉴）的路径与意义。 6.文化自信与全球化 (Cultural Confidence and Globalization) 核心议题： 在全球化背景下，如何保持本土文化的独特性，同时吸收外来优秀文化。 考查角度： 对比中西方节日、饮食习惯或教育理念的异同，探讨文化多样性的价值。 青年成长与价值确立 关注青少年在成长中遇到的内心冲突与价值选择。 7.挫折教育与心理韧性 (Setback Education and Psychological Resilience) 核心议题： 讨论“双减”政策下，学生如何面对学业压力与竞争，培养抗挫折能力。 考查角度： 分析失败的价值，探讨如何建立积极的自我认知和情绪调节机制。 8.劳动教育与独立精神 (Labor Education and Independence) 核心议题： 针对青少年过度依赖父母或智能设备的现象，强调动手能力和劳动习惯的培养。 考查角度： 论证做家务或参与社会实践对个人品格塑造的重要性。 社会参与与公民责任 引导学生关注公共事务，思考个人与社会、国家乃至全球的关系。 9.志愿服务与社会责任 (Volunteering and Social Responsibility) 核心议题： 探讨参与社区服务、公益活动对培养公民意识的作用。 考查角度： 分析“助人为乐”在构建和谐社会中的意义，或讨论个人微小的善举如何汇聚成巨大的社会力量。 10.规则意识与公共秩序 (Rule of Law and Public Order) 核心议题： 围绕交通规则、公共场所礼仪等话题，讨论遵守规则的重要性。 考查角度： 辨析自由与规则的辩证关系，强调自律对于维护公共利益的价值。 猜想一 人工智能的机遇与挑战 It was dark outside, a late afternoon in the winter of 1981. As I did each week during my last year of graduate school, I was sitting with my thesis (论文) director, the poet James Dickey. I remember that particular meeting because of one ill-chosen word. In a poem that was otherwise finished, a single adjective was clearly wrong. We batted alternatives back and forth across the desk, but none was right. Hours later, while I was washing the cups at ten o’clock, the right word surfaced: pale. Without pausing to weigh the hour, I called my professor and said, “The word is ‘pale’.” Mr. Dickey was overjoyed about that word, every bit as delighted as I was. If only for a moment, the world made a kind of sense it hadn’t made before. I had not thought about that phone call, much less that poem, in many years, but I’ve begun to think about it often. Nowadays, “AI assistants” have suddenly colonized (征服) my documents. They appear out of nowhere, like fruit flies around an overripe banana. In this brave new world, the search for a word like “pale” has been outsourced to a robot that will never suggest such a word. The yoking of unlikely adjective and noun is still, for now, the province of unwetted poets. I have spent hours trying to kill these ghosts in my machine. In some cases, I can’t turn it off at all. The writing teachers I know struggle to persuade their students not to use these tools. They are everywhere now. Who could blame a young writer for wondering how using these “assistants” is any different from using spell check or letting AI supply the next word in a text? Besides, if they don’t use these tools, won’t they be falling behind the many students who do? Who was it who first said, “I don’t know what I think until I see what I write”? Versions of this statement have been attributed (具有……特质) to writers as various as Joan Didion, William Faulkner, and Stephen. In I, Robot, the 2004 film loosely inspired by Isaac Asimov’s classic sci-fi novel, one robot has feelings. It learns to solve problems with human creativity. And with those attributes come the questions raised by being human. Twenty-six minutes into the film, the robot asks, plaintively, “What am I?” This is a question writers ask every day. 1．The author suggests the AI tools are ______. A．intended to substitute for teachers’ judgment B．ideal for choosing rare and unlikely adjectives C．suitable for drafting poems with impactful imagery D．helpful for routine messages yet limited for discovery 2．What does the word “yoking” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Explaining. B．Comparing. C．Joining. D．Describing. 3．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．I, Human B．A Word, A World C．I, Robot D．A Student, A Professor 猜想二 数字时代的青少年成长 Nowadays, the Internet has become an important part of students’ daily life. More and more middle school students like to use the Internet very much, because it is really convenient and helpful for them. With a smartphone or a computer, students can get all kinds of information easily and quickly. They can search for learning materials, watch educational videos, look up new words and understand difficult knowledge in their study. Besides, the Internet helps them keep in touch with their classmates and teachers, discuss study problems together and share useful learning resources. What’s more, students can make more friendly and positive friends online who have the same hobbies, so they will not feel lonely and can learn how to communicate better with others. However, every coin has two sides. The Internet also brings many serious problems to students. A large number of students can’t control themselves well. They spend plenty of time playing online games, watching short videos and chatting aimlessly instead of studying. As a result, they have no enough time to finish their homework, review lessons or prepare for exams. Gradually, their study grades drop quickly and they even lose interest in their schoolwork. Worse still, some students talk with strange or bad people online. They may tell their personal information, such as their real names, home addresses and phone numbers to strangers easily. It is quite dangerous and unsafe for them, and they may get hurt or meet some bad things. As middle school students, we must have strong self-control and use the Internet in a wise and careful way. First of all, we should regard the Internet as a helpful study tool rather than an entertainment tool. We should make full use of it to improve our study, enrich our knowledge and broaden our horizons. Secondly, we must stay away from computer games and meaningless videos that waste our time. Thirdly, we should be very careful when making online friends. We must not believe strangers easily and never tell our personal information to people we don’t know. In a word, the Internet is a useful and helpful tool in the modern world. It brings great convenience to our study and life, but it can also bring trouble if we use it improperly. Only when we use the Internet in a right and reasonable way can it truly help us grow up healthily and make greater progress in our study. 1．Why do many students like to use the Internet? A．Because it’s easy to get information. B．Because they can play games all day. C．Because it’s not safe. D．Because they have no friends. 2．What problem do some students have? A．They study too hard. B．They spend too much time playing games. C．They don’t use the Internet. D．They have no time to play. 3．What should students do online? A．Play computer games. B．Talk with bad people. C．Use it to study. D．Make dangerous friends. 4．What does the writer think of the Internet? A．It’s useless. B．It’s dangerous. C．It’s helpful but must be used rightly. D．It’s bad for students. 5．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．how to make friends online B．how to use the Internet correctly C．why students don’t like the Internet D．how to play computer games 猜想三 “零废弃”与低碳生活 People today are familiar with words, such as “going eco-friendly” and “sustainable lifestyle (可持续生活方式)”. Many people join “The Green Movement” and take nature-friendly lifestyles. However, there’s still a group of people who believe that going eco-friendly is only a short-term fashion and it isn’t going to last long. Many environmental organisations can prove that going eco-friendly is not only a fashion that lasts for a few months but a trend (趋势). These organisations pay close attention to different green causes and hold activities to increase people’s awareness on environmental problems. The use of sustainable products like bamboo straws and electric cars is another evidence to show going eco-friendly isn’t a show. The customers are willing to buy such products, and more and more companies invest (投资) money in the production. Starbucks gives their customers discounts if they bring their own bottles for drinks. The efforts that are made by companies and customers show a change in the attitudes of people towards taking a sustainable lifestyle. Meanwhile, some other people hold the view that people who take eco-friendly methods just want to improve their own image. They won’t keep the lifestyle for a long time. For example, some people post videos on the Internet and pretend they live in a zero-waste life. However, going eco-friendly isn’t a kind of fashion or a way to get others’ attention. For those who follow their zero-waste lifestyles over years, it’s about a promise that can only come with a true change in attitudes towards caring for the earth. What’s worse, some customers go eco-friendly only because they think it’s popular. Today, buying recycled clothes is highly encouraged. It’s common to walk past the shops that claim to sell clothing made from recycled materials. However, many companies use only a small number of recycled materials, as low as 1%, to make their “eco-friendly” clothes. A lot of customers are cheated by the advertisements of such big companies. All of these suggest that going eco-friendly is all about looking the part, and nothing more. The call to save the earth seems to remain for a while. It’s hoped that all the efforts for environmental protection will go a long way so that our future generations can have a better living environment. 1．What might be the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 2．What can people do to have a sustainable lifestyle? A．Change the attitude towards the fast food. B．Collect evidence about going eco-friendly. C．Take their own bottles when they buy drinks. D．Record daily lives and post videos on the Internet. 3．What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5? A．Customers need to learn more ways of going eco-friendly. B．People have to change the attitudes towards recycled clothes. C．Some people don’t take going eco-friendly as a long-term lifestyle. D．More activities should be held by big companies to save the world. 4．Which of the following can best express the message (启示) of the passage? A．Solve different problems in different ways. B．Protecting the nature is protecting ourselves. C．Be careful of the information from the media. D．Saving the earth needs every effort all the time. 猜想四 人与自然和谐共生 ①People often choose to support animals they feel close to, especially those that look cute. Pandas, tigers, and polar bears easily win people’s hearts and attention, while animals like the blobfish, which was once called the world’s ugliest animal, are often left unnoticed. This choice is usually not based on how much protection an animal truly needs. Instead, it has more to do with how people feel about it. That’s why the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) chose a panda for its logo, a choice that reflects how strongly people react to cute animals. ②It is proved that humans naturally like certain features of animals, such as big eyes, round faces and soft fur (皮毛). These features remind us of human babies. As a result, people often feel a natural need to protect animals that look baby-like. Our brains are naturally set up to notice cuteness, which makes us care more about these animals, often without realizing it. ③However, this preference comes at a cost. Protection and research often focus on animals that look good, while less beautiful ones receive far less attention. Simon Watt, a biologist and science communicator, believes this is a problem. “If you’re a tiger or an elephant, researchers will compete for the chance to study you,” Watt explains. “But if you’re an insect or an unusual sea animal, you might not get the same attention.” To change the situation, Watt helped raise money for The Ugly Animal Preservation Society. ④Watt says it is fantastic that people want to help pandas. “But we need to look beyond beautiful animals,” he adds. “Protecting nature means paying attention to animals we may not love for their looks.” ⑤Many unpopular or “ugly” animals also play important roles in ecosystems. If they disappear, the balance of nature could be broken. We need to think again, as scientists warn that protecting animals should not turn into a popularity competition. Every animal is important and deserves (值得) attention, even if people do not love it. 1．Why does the writer mention WWF’s panda logo in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce how WWF created its logo. B．To suggest that people prefer cute animals. C．To show how cuteness influences public support. D．To present pandas as the most popular animals. 2．Which paragraph mainly explains why people choose to support cute animals? A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 5. 3．Which of the following would Simon Watt probably agree with? A．It is unfair for people to raise money to help pandas. B．Ugly animals should get more support than the cute ones. C．Animals should be protected for more than just their appearance. D．People should care more about animals that they feel close to. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Think Again: Too Ugly to Be Loved? B．Popularity vs. Protection: A Wake-Up Call for Wildlife Care C．The Ugly Truth: Why Cute Animals Get More Protection D．Save the Ugly: How The Ugly Animal Preservation Society Helps 猜想五 传统文化的现代创新 A traditional snack Yang’s Dumpling, a famous shengjian restaurant, tested a surprisingly new product in 2021: shengjian filled with red beans and oat milk. But is it a good idea for shengjian, a traditional Chinese food, to be “reinvented”? My answer is “No”. Shengjian is a popular snack in Shanghai. The city is home to many successful shengjian restaurants, such as Yang’s Dumpling, Dahuchun and Dongtaixiang. Each of them has its own traditions. Their recipes (烹饪法) also differ slightly from each other. Everybody has his or her favourite shengjian brand. It’s just like why some people like YADEBAO while others prefer Hui Wei’s, though the two are both fast food restaurants. In the hearts of shengjian fans, innovation is not important at all. All they expect is that plate of fried pork buns that they have always enjoyed. Over the past few years, many brands have tried to show themselves in order to attract and keep young customers. But do the young generations always like creative things? In my opinion, when young customers choose one particular brand over another, what they care about most is whether the brand has its special characteristics. As for a shengjian restaurant, as long as it can always practise its traditional crafts and use high quality ingredients (原料), it will be able to attract young people and continue to be successful. Innovation is good and should be encouraged, but this is not true for every single field. The most important thing that a shengjian restaurant should do is to protect its tradition. 1．What are the ingredients in the new product of Yang’s Dumpling? A．Pork and vegetables. B．Beans and oat milk. C．Shrimp and eggs. D．Beef and onion. 2．Why does the writer give examples of YADEBAO and Hui Wei’s? A．The writer likes these two fast food restaurants. B．These two fast food restaurants have Chinese traditions. C．The foods in these fast food restaurants always have new products. D．The writer wants to explain why different people love different shengjian brands. 3．What does the underlined word “innovation” mean in Chinese? A．味道 B．革新 C．配料 D．环境 4．What do the young generations care about most in the writer’s opinion? A．Whether new brands will appear in the city, including foods and drinks. B．Whether the city is home to many successful shengjian restaurants. C．Whether the brand has its special characteristics. D．Whether the restaurant uses traditional crafts and high-quality ingredients. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Shengjian is a popular snack in Shanghai. B．Everyone has his or her right to choose Shengjian and fast food. C．Don’t stop the young generations creating more innovations. D．A shengjian restaurant should protect its tradition. 猜想六 文化自信与全球化 Today, China would like to make its voice heard, by telling true stories. “Story telling is the best way for international communication,” President Xi Jinping said. “We should tell stories about China well and spread China’s voice well.” Telling Chinese stories warms people’s hearts and brings the Chinese people and people of other countries closer. By listening to true stories of China, many people around the world get to know more about China. First, a good Chinese story should be about the Chinese national spirit and Chinese cultural confidence (自信). Recently, the hot Chinese movie of The Battle (战役) at Lake Changjin has been popular with people around the world. The movies tells an amazing (惊人的) historical story: Seventy three years ago, the People’s Volunteer (志愿者) Army (PVA) entered North Korea for battle. Under very cold conditions, the soldiers (军人) on the Eastern Front bravely fought the enemy at Lake Changjin. Although Chinese culture has continued for thousands of years, we should find a new way to tell Chinese stories. Li Ziqi, for example, has become famous on TikTok for her short videos. She has received tens of millions of likes on the Internet. She spread Chinese culture to the world by showing her daily life in the countryside. Therefore, as a Chinese, learning how to tell a good Chinese story in English is very important. We should fully understand the Chinese culture and learn English well so that the world will have a better understanding of us. 1．How do people around the world get to know more about China? A．By communicating with Chinese. B．By reading books about China. C．By listening to true stories of China. D．By experiencing living in China. 2．What is a good Chinese story? A．It should tell people how to live well in China. B．It should tell people how to communicate with Chinese. C．It should be about how People’s Volunteer Army fought the enemy. D．It should be about Chines national spirit and culture confidence. 3．How did Li Ziqi tell Chinese stories? A．By making movies about Chinese culture. B．By showing her daily life in the countryside. C．By sharing Chinese stories with short videos. D．By talking about Chinese culture on the Internet. 猜想七 挫折教育与心理韧性 In recent years, self-care has become a popular topic across social media. However, many people find it difficult to truly receive the benefits. Why? Because we’ve lost touch with what it really means to take care of ourselves. Self-care (自我关怀) is often seen as something grand and expensive only for special times or when life gets very stressful. Real self-care; however, doesn’t require a lot of money or time. It’s about finding simple, meaningful ways to check in with yourself regularly (定期地), even among your daily responsibilities. It. could be taking five minutes to breathe deeply or having a cup of tea quietly. One of the most important aspects of self-care is the ability to be fully present in the moment. Imagine lying on the beach while checking emails or social media. The purpose might be to relax, but the reality is that your mind is still taking in information, leaving you feeling just as tired as before. Presence requires mindfulness—fully getting involved in the activity rather than focusing on what’s next on your to-do list. When you’re present, even simple acts of self-care become powerful tools for refreshment. The most effective self-care practices are often the simplest ones—those that can easily fit into your daily routine (日常事务). What matters most is consistency because it strengthens the habit of checking in with yourself and satisfying your needs in time. Consider the influence of just a few minutes each day on something that makes you feel good, such as enjoying a moment of Silence during your lunch break or going for a short walk. These small acts, when practiced repeatedly, can have an increasing effect on your well-being. Practicing self-care, however, can be difficult. For some people; there’s always a voice that says, “There’s too much to do to waste time on self-care.” This inner voice makes as think that taking time for ourselves is selfish. Others may feel regretful for stepping away from then responsibilities, even for a short time. These inner blocks are an important reason why self-care can feel stressful. You should clear them and allow yourself to care for your physical and mental health without self-judgement. As you deal with the challenges of daily life, remember that self-care is a necessity. By focusing on presence and consistency and by dealing with the inner blocks that hold you back, you can unlock the true benefits of self-care. 1．What do people think of self-care according to the Paragraph 1 of the passage? A．Self-care is something only for special times or when life gets very stressful. B．Self-care is about ways to express ourselves. C．Self-care requires a lot of time and money. D．Self-care is about ways of reflection. 2．Why does the writer use the example in Paragraph 3? A．To explain the purpose of self-care. B．To stress the importance of mindfulness. C．To introduce a common way of relaxation. D．To show the difficulty in fitting self-care into life. 3．What does the word “consistency” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Enjoying what you are doing. B．Finding out what you really need. C．Keeping a regular practice of an activity. D．Doing different things for your well-being. 4．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．We should put our responsibilities before self-care. B．We should avoid self-judgement while caring for ourselves. C．The more time we spend on self-care, the more effective it is. D．Practicing self-care when feeling stressed requires a lot of money. 5．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．What Is Real Self-Care? B．Why Is Self-Care So Difficult? C．Self-Care: Common Practices in Daily Life. D．Self-Care: The Key to a Healthy and Happy Life. 猜想八 劳动教育与独立精神 In many families today, teenagers’ schedules are fully managed by parents—from homework deadlines to weekend activities. While well-intentioned, this over-involvement may hinder the development of personal responsibility, experts warn.    “Responsibility isn’t just completing tasks,” says Dr. Lin Mei, a youth psychologist. “It’s about making choices, facing consequences, and learning from mistakes. If adults always step in to fix things, teens never build resilience.”      Recognizing this, several schools in Changzhou have introduced “Autonomy Projects.” In one program, ninth-graders design and run a mini-community service initiative—such as organizing a neighborhood e-waste collection drive or tutoring younger students in math. They must plan budgets, assign roles, and solve unexpected problems, all with minimal teacher intervention.      “The goal is to shift from ‘What should I do?’ to ‘What do I choose to do?’” explains Mr. Huang, a coordinator. “Failure is allowed—even encouraged—as long as they reflect and adapt.”     Initial results are promising. Teachers report increased initiative and problem-solving skills. Parents notice their children taking more ownership of chores and time management. “My son used to forget his P.E. kit every Monday,” said Mrs. Xu. “Now he prepares it Sunday night—without being reminded.”     Dr. Lin emphasizes that responsibility fosters long-term confidence. “A teen who learns to own their decisions at 15 won’t be overwhelmed by adult life at 25,” she says. “Independence isn’t given—it’s practiced.” 1．According to Dr. Lin, what is a key element of true responsibility? A．Following parents’ instructions carefully. B．Avoiding mistakes at all costs. C．Learning from one’s own decisions. D．Completing assigned chores quickly. 2．What do students do in the “Autonomy Projects”? A．Manage real-life community tasks. B．Compete in academic exams. C．Write essays about famous leaders. D．Attend extra tutoring classes. 3．What change did Mrs. Xu observe in her son? A．He became more interested in sports. B．He started reminding her about chores. C．He took initiative without prompts. D．He refused to do homework alone. 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To criticize modern parenting styles. B．To promote a new school curriculum. C．To compare Chinese and Western education. D．To argue that responsibility must be practiced early. 猜想九 志愿服务与社会责任 Should You Pay to Volunteer? Last updated on December 20,2024 Janet Harper I’ve never paid to volunteer, but there are actually volunteer programs which volunteers pay to sign up for. Do you think people should pay to volunteer? Leave your comments below. Molly Green There is no straight answer to this difficult question. I would separate two types of volunteering, namely skilled and generic (普通的). Skilled volunteers are those who spend their time providing a service connected to their career skills. I firmly believe that those people shouldn’t pay and, in some cases, deserve at least a small living allowance (津贴) or free accommodation (住宿). For example, I have been volunteering full-time for some international organizations using my law skills. This is the kind of volunteering that should be free. Generic volunteers are those who go to a school, camp or village to spend only a few weeks. They are really valuable, but they might work part-time and their duties are usually related to amusement for children. Sometimes I agree that they should pay a fee as they are a small burden (负担) for the organization. Natalie James I’ve never actually paid to volunteer, though I’ve volunteered overseas with Peace Corps (维和部队). I’ve been looking for other long-term international volunteer programs. For me ,personally, I can’t afford to provide long-term service if the living costs aren’t covered. However, I would also consider short-term programs. There are a couple of things you need to know to be comfortable working with a volunteer organization: (1) Who is running the program? (2) Could there be any harmful side effects of your service? (3) Is the program sustainable (可持续的)?    My advice to people is: ________, especially when overseas, to make sure it’s worth it. Susan McGay At the agency (服务机构) I work for, the program fee covers housing, meals and sometimes even language classes. But, most importantly, it includes 24/7 support. With all of these, volunteers are not necessarily “paying to volunteer,” but paying for a program with valuable support. It helps you succeed as a volunteer. Ashley Wright I used to think volunteering should be free, until I signed up for a month in a jungle looking after two pumas named Simba and Sonko. Yes, I paid for it, and I’m glad I did as I could see exactly where my money went: into the caring of those beautiful cats. The pumas can’t return to the wild because they might be killed by hunters. Have your eyes wide open if you choose to pay for volunteering, you can ask questions, but don’t say “no” to this idea as you might be missing out on the experience of your lifetime! 1．Janet Harper ________. A．has never taken part in a paid volunteer program B．suggests people choose paid volunteer programs C．agrees that paid volunteer programs are better than the free ones D．encourages more people to sign up for meaningful volunteer programs. 2．Which of the following people has paid to volunteer? A．Molly Green. B．Natalie James. C．Susan McGay. D．Ashley Wright. 3．According to Molly Green, ________. A．generic volunteers should be paid for their hard work B．generic volunteers are not as important as skilled volunteers C．skilled volunteers make good use of their career skills in their volunteer work D．skilled volunteers must be provided with a living allowance and free accommodation 4．According to Susan McGay ________. A．only paid volunteer programs are good ones B．the more a volunteer agency charges, the better support it provides C．a volunteer actually pays to receive support to become a successful volunteer D．a paid volunteer can have free housing and free meals, but not free language classes 5．Choose the best phrase to fill in the blank in the “Natalie James” part. My advice to people is: ________, especially when overseas, to make sure it’s worth it. A．Always do your research before volunteering B．Don’t take part in any paid volunteer programs C．Always be sure you have enough money for your volunteer trips D．Gain as much volunteer experience as possible before signing up for paid volunteer programs 6．According to the article, which of the following statements is true? A．Susan McGay is in favor of paid volunteer programs. B．It has never occurred to Ashley Wright that volunteering should be free. C．Natalie James doesn’t want to take part in short-term volunteer programs. D．Molly Green lists a few important things to know before one signs up for a volunteer program. 猜想十 规则意识与公共秩序 A character in one of Shakespeare’s plays once said, “Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.” Any of these could apply to the modern day sportsmen. Many still argue about the nature of their talent. Some say that people are born to be sportsmen, while others say it is only through hard work that they achieve their abilities. Regardless of the opinions, true greatness for them is only realized when their talents are acknowledged (承认) by the public. With this acknowledgement of their “greatness” come money, power, influence and responsibility. For better or for worse, like it or hate it, modern sportsmen are the role models of children worldwide. These children will grow up admiring their heroes, copying their every move, and wanting to be like them. With the influence of the media, this becomes even more common. So it is more important than ever for these sportsmen to recognize their responsibility. In the past few months, there have been many examples of questionable behaviors from sports stars. Present-day sports stars often mirror the less admirable aspects of society, which is often quickly pointed out by the self-righteous (自以为是的) media. It would be wrong for us to expect sportsmen to be perfect. It would also be wrong for us to think that their behavior is greatly worse than the sportsmen in the past. But with the all-seeing eye of modern media, it is a different world. So different standards must be expected. Of course there is no duty for sportsmen to be good role models. It’s totally their choice whether they consider their behavior appropriate (恰当的), as long as it complies with (遵守) the law. Furthermore, measuring the true influence their decisions have on their followers is absolutely impossible. Some will rise against their idols, seeing them in a new light and criticizing their actions. Others may copy their heroes’ actions, using them as a shield (挡箭牌) when making the same mistakes. It is certain that the actions of sportsmen will influence the lives of those who admire them. Present-day sportsmen are like role models in today’s world, and their actions are watched carefully by millions over the world. Some may complain against it, denying (否认) their influence on these children’s lives. Others may realize it but not respect it, while many may both realize it and respect it. In a word, you do not choose whether you are a role model. All you can do is to decide how to act when greatness is thrust upon you. 1．In Paragraph 1, the author tries to stress ________. A．sportsmen achieve success and greatness through their efforts B．there are two ways for people to achieve success and greatness C．the important qualities for the sportsmen to become great nowadays D．sportsmen become great when their gifts are recognized by people 2．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．Most fans copy their heroes’ wrong actions when they don’t realize it. B．Sportsmen are self-righteous because the media makes them famous. C．The media sometimes overstresses the misbehavior of the sportsmen. D．Sportsmen have the right to behave as they wish when facing their fans. 3．The underlined phrase “thrust upon” most probably means ________. A．pulled off B．forced on C．related to D．removed from 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To remind the sportsmen of their social responsibilities. B．To advise the media to choose proper sport events to report C．To argue that sportsmen should be respected more as heroes. D．To inform the public that sportsmen are not suitable role models. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $