新人教版八下 Unit 5 Section A 分层作业-八年级英语下册【趣味课堂】精品课件（新人教版）

**基本信息** 初中英语新人教版八下Unit 5同步练，以“基础训练+拓展提升”分层设计，构建从词汇句型到语篇应用的知识巩固路径，适配新授课基础夯实与综合能力培养需求，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础训练|词汇（单句填空）、语法（过去进行时单选）、基础阅读（A/B篇）|侧重单一知识点应用，如词汇根据汉语提示填空、单选考查语法规则，阅读理解A篇为简单叙事| |拓展提升|语篇综合（完型填空）、信息处理（任务型阅读）、语言输出（书面表达）|强调综合语言运用，如完型填空结合语境考查语法与词汇，书面表达要求撰写地震安全建议，体现语言能力与思维品质|

新人教版八下 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 分层作业 英语 班级：_________ 姓名：_________ 学号：________ 基础训练 1、 词汇。根据汉语提示或要求完成句子。 1．My favourite r________ is my aunt because she always tells funny stories. 2．One winter, a heavy s________ hit the village and everyone tried their best to clear the snow in front of the house. 3．The ________ (report) questions showed great interest in the development of our country. 4．They ________ (play) football at five yesterday afternoon. 5．He was in a bad ________ (脾气；怒气) when he heard the bad news. 6．我家人正在吃晚饭时她打来电话。我们没有注意到水正在上涨！ My family __________ having dinner when she called. We didn’t __________ that the water was __________! 7．凯特正在做作业时，她的妈妈打电话来了。   Kate ________ ________ homework when her mother ________ her. 8．当台风来的时候，你的家人正在做什么? What ________ your family ________ when the typhoon ________ ? 9．待在安全屋里是躲避龙卷风的好方法。 Staying in the safe room is a good way to ________ ________ ________ the tornado. 10．It rained ________ ________ ________. （下起了倾盆大雨。） 2、 单项选择。 （ ）1．While we ________ for the bus, it began to rain. A．wait     B．waited     C．were waiting （ ）2．—What _______ you _______ at 8:00 last night? —I was taking a shower. A．are; doing B．did; do C．were; doing D．do; do （ ）3．The school sports meeting will ______ next Friday. A．take place B．be taken place C．happen D．be happened （ ）4．During the tornado, the family _______ in the basement. A．hid B．hid out C．hidden D．were hiding （ ）5．The heavy rain ______ the flood in the village. A．caused B．happened C．took D．made （ ）6．Farmers ________ fresh vegetables to the city every day. A．supply B．spend C．cover D．expect （ ）7．The typhoon finally _______ on the east coast early this morning. A．got B．arrived C．reached D．landed （ ）8．The rain was _______ against the windows when I woke up. A．hitting B．beating C．knocking D．pushing （ ）9．The ground suddenly started to shake. A strong ______ happened in this area last night. A．flood B．snow C．storm D．earthquake （ ）10．—What happened last night? —The lights _______ because of the heavy storm. A．went out B．went off C．went on D．went up 3、 选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 sorry   little   life   sudden   get   late   review   without   check   help A sudden mudslide hit the mountain village last month. When Mr. Li was working in his office, the ground 1 shook. He quickly ran out of the building. He felt lucky to be alive, but he was 2 for what happened to his neighbors. After the mudslide, Mr. Li 3 a call from his friend working in another village. The friend asked Mr. Li 4 on his family. However, Mr. Li’s house had fallen down. He asked over 20 people for 5 , but it was too 6 . All his family members had lost their 7 . A student named Xiao Ming was doing a final 8 in the classroom when he heard the noise. He ran out 9 shoes or a coat. After the shaking stopped, teachers led the students to the playground. “Seeing more rescue workers arriving, I feel 10 afraid,” Xiao Ming said. 4、 阅读理解 （A） It was seven o’clock in the evening. The weather was very terrible. A strong rain storm was coming. At that time, Kate was doing her homework in her study. Her brother Bill was watching a soccer game on TV. Their mother was making dinner in the kitchen. Their father was reading a book on the sofa. Suddenly, the wind blew very hard and the rain beat the windows. All the lights in their house went out. They felt a little afraid, but they stayed together and talked with each other. After about forty minutes, the storm stopped. The air was fresh and the sky was clear. They went out and enjoyed the nice night. （ ）1．What time was the rainstorm coming? A．At 6:00 pm. B．At 7:00 pm. C．At 8:00 pm. （ ）2．What was Kate doing when the storm came? A．She was watching TV. B．She was doing homework. C．She was making dinner. （ ）3．What was Bill doing? A．Reading a book. B．Playing soccer. C．Watching TV. （ ）4．How did they feel when the lights went out? A．Afraid. B．Excited. C．Relaxed. （ ）5．How long did the storm last? A．About 20 minutes. B．About 40 minutes. C．About an hour. （B） （ ）6．Which is safe to use inside a building during a lightning storm? A．A radio. B．A computer. C．A telephone. D．A mobile phone. （ ）7．How long should you stay inside after the last sound of thunder? A． At least 20 minutes. B．At least half an hour. C．At least 40 minutes. D．At least two hours. （ ）8．How can you protect yourself from lightning when you are outside? A． Put your hands on the top of your head. B．Keep the back parts of your feet apart. C．Lie down to avoid being the tallest object. D．Touch the ground only with the front parts of your feet. （ ）9．Why should we touch the back parts of our feet together when outdoors in a thunderstorm? A． To keep our balance when crouching down B．To make the electricity pass through our body safely C．To avoid being hit by lightning directly D．To protect our feet from the cold ground （ ）10．What kind of text is it? A．A diary. B．A report. C．A guide. D．An advertisement. （C） Have you ever wondered why almost every ancient culture has stories about a terrible big flood? Flood legends (传说) are found all over the world, from Asia to Europe and America. These old stories are not just fairy tales. They carry people’s memories of huge natural disasters. ★ In China, Yu the Great worked hard for many years to stop the great flood and saved his people. In the West, the story of Noah’s Ark tells how a man built a big ship to save his family and animals from a worldwide flood. Native American tribes (部落) also have similar stories of great floods that destroyed the land long ago. Surprisingly, these legends are very much alike. Most stories say the flood was huge and destroyed almost everything. People in ancient times tried hard to survive. This makes people think: did a real big flood happen long ago? It is unlikely that all these stories were made up by chance. Scientists have studied this question. Dr. Robert Ballard, an oceanographer (海洋学家), discovered that about 7,600 years ago, melting glaciers (冰川) caused a terrible flood in the Black Sea area. Many scientists agree that some parts of the earth experienced large floods in ancient times. However, they say there was never a real global flood that covered the whole planet. Will big floods happen again? Scientists say climate change is a risk. Warmer temperatures may melt glaciers faster and raise sea levels. Heavy rains and storms could also cause serious floods in the future. But scientists are not helpless. They use satellites (卫星) and sensors to build early warning systems. They also build stronger dams and plant more trees to help prevent floods. （ ）11．What is the function of Paragraph 1? A． To share a funny story B．To introduce the topic C．To give a suggestion D．To describe a disaster （ ）12．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A． Floods are very dangerous to human beings. B．Scientists study ancient floods with great care. C．Many old flood stories have lasted for a long time. D．We should protect ourselves from terrible floods. （ ）13．Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ________. A．the danger of big floods B．the ways to stop floods C．the history of ancient floods D．the similarity of flood legends （ ）14．From the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A．A real global flood covered the whole earth long ago. B．Dr. Robert Ballard found evidence of a flood in the Black Sea area. C．Trees play an important role in preventing floods. D．Climate change may cause more floods in the future. （ ）15．What is the writer’s purpose? A．To tell people not to believe those old ancient stories. B．To ask all people around the world to save fresh water. C．To introduce flood legends and scientific studies about them. D．To show people how to build strong and safe dams. 拓展提升 一、完型填空。 Last Sunday, it was raining heavily. I planned to go to the city library with my best friend, Lisa. We 1 to meet at the bus stop at 9 a.m. When I 2 to the stop, Lisa was waiting there with an umbrella. She said she 3 for 10 minutes. We got on the bus and talked happily. The bus was slow because the rain 4 against the windows hard. When we arrived at the library, the rain 5 . We walked into the library and found a quiet corner to read. While I 6 a storybook, Lisa was looking for some science magazines. Suddenly, we heard a loud noise. A big tree branch (树枝) 7 on the gate of the library because of the strong wind. The librarian asked everyone to stay 8 . We waited there for about an hour until the workers 9 the branch. After that, we read books for another two hours. It was a special day, 10 we had a great time together. （ ）1．A．agree B．agreed C．are agreeing D．will agree （ ）2．A．get B．got C．was getting D．gets （ ）3．A．waits B．waited C．has waited D．had waited （ ）4．A．beat B．beats C．was beating D．is beating （ ）5．A．stops B．stopped C．was stopping D．is stopping （ ）6．A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．have read （ ）7．A．falls B．fell C．was falling D．is falling （ ）8．A．safe B．safely C．dangerous D．dangerously （ ）9．A．move B．moved C．are moving D．were moving （ ）10．A．and B．but C．so D．or 2、 任务型阅读 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 How to stay safe during a heavy rainstorm? Heavy rainstorms can bring many problems, like floods and power cuts. 1 First, you should listen to the weather report before going out. 2 If the report says there will be a heavy rainstorm, you’d better stay at home. Second, if you are caught in a rainstorm outside, don’t stay under trees or near buildings. 3 You should find a safe place to stay in, like a shop or a subway station. Third, if you are at home, close all the windows and doors. 4 Don’t touch electrical appliances (电器) with wet hands, because it’s dangerous. Fourth, prepare some food, water and batteries in advance. 5 Following these tips can help you stay safe during a heavy rainstorm. A．They can keep you safe when the power goes out. B．It can help you know when the rainstorm is coming. C．So it’s important to know how to protect yourself. D．They may fall down and hurt you in the strong wind. E．You should also move your things away from windows. F．You can go out to play after the rainstorm stops. 阅读短文，并按要求完成下面小题。 On February 6th, 2023, a terrible earthquake hit Turkey. China and some other countries gave a helping hand at once. Two Chinese rescue teams arrived in Turkey. Among them, 82 members were from the Chinese Search and Rescue Team and 59 members were from Hong Kong SAR Rescue Team. Before they went to Turkey, they had prepared advanced (先进的) rescue equipment and rescue dogs, so that they could offer help in time. According to the report, the disaster was much more serious than people had expected. The situation became more difficult because of heavy snow and low temperature. What’s worse, there were aftershocks from time to time, which made the rescue very dangerous and challenging. But the rescue workers never gave up and worked through the night looking for signs of life. They had rich rescue experience, and all they were thinking about was how to save lives more quickly and safely. They succeeded in saving a pregnant woman (孕妇) and a man who was trapped under the fallen building for almost six days. The rescue teams spent over a week rescuing people in Turkey and returned home safely. Before leaving Turkey, they gave away their basic necessities (必需品) to those in need, such as food, water, tents and medicine. What the rescue teams did touched the local people. They were hopeful about their future because of Chinese people’s kindness. 6．How many members were there in the two Chinese rescue teams? 7．What was the weather like in Turkey during the rescue? 8．Where did the rescue workers find the man mentioned in paragraph 3? 9．Who left their medicine to the local people? 10．Do you want to be a person like the Chinese rescue workers? What do you think of them? 三、语言运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last week, a strong typhoon hit our city. I remember the moment it started. My family and I were 1 (watch) a movie at home. 2 (sudden), the wind became very loud, and a tree branch broke our window! My little sister was 3 scared that she started crying. My mother tried to calm us 4 I was very 5 (worry) about my friend, so I called him. He was safe. He told me that when the typhoon 6 (come), his family was playing cards together. 7 (lucky), they were all fine. The next morning, the weather report said the typhoon was moving away. Our neighbourhood was a mess, with fallen 8 (leaf) and branches everywhere. My family and 9 (me) went outside to help with the clean-up. It was a scary experience, 10 I’m glad everyone was safe. 四、书面表达 假设你是学校安全宣传员，请根据Unit5 SectionA的内容，写一篇题为“Safety Tips During an Earthquake”的短文，介绍地震时的安全做法。要求： 1.包含以下要点：待在哪里、防护措施、不应做的事； 2.词数80左右； 3.语句通顺，语法正确。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新人教版八下 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 分层作业 英语（全解全析） 班级：_________ 姓名：_________ 学号：________ 基础训练 1、 词汇。根据汉语提示或要求完成句子。 1．My favourite r________ is my aunt because she always tells funny stories. 【答案】relative/elative 【详解】句意：我最喜欢的亲戚是我的姑姑，因为她总是讲有趣的故事。根据首字母提示和“is my aunt” 可知，此处需要表示“亲戚”的单数名词，relative“亲戚”符合语境，故填relative。 2．One winter, a heavy s________ hit the village and everyone tried their best to clear the snow in front of the house. 【答案】snowstorm/nowstorm 【详解】句意：一年冬天，一场暴风雪袭击了村子，每个人都尽最大努力清除房子前面的雪。根据“One winter”和“clear the snow”可知，袭击村子的是暴风雪，snowstorm“暴风雪”，a后跟单数名词。 3．The ________ (report) questions showed great interest in the development of our country. 【答案】reporters’ 【详解】句意：记者们的问题表现出对我国发展的极大兴趣。空后为名词questions，需要填入修饰语。语境是“记者们的问题”，表示泛指，此处用复数名词所有格，所以report变为reporters’，表示“记者们的”。 4．They ________ (play) football at five yesterday afternoon. 【答案】were playing 【详解】句意：昨天下午五点，他们正在踢足球。句中时间状语“at five yesterday afternoon”是过去的具体时间点，要用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，主语they为复数，be动词用were，play的现在分词为playing。 5．He was in a bad ________ (脾气；怒气) when he heard the bad news. 【答案】temper 【详解】句意：当他听到坏消息时，他心情很不好。“in a bad temper”是固定短语，意为“心情不好，脾气差”。故填temper。 6．我家人正在吃晚饭时她打来电话。我们没有注意到水正在上涨！ My family __________ having dinner when she called. We didn’t __________ that the water was __________! 【答案】 were notice rising 【详解】原句中“正在吃”是关键词，表示过去进行时，主语my family表示“家人”时视为复数，用were；“注意到”是关键词，动词为notice，didn’t后接动词原形；“上涨”是关键词，动词为rise，过去进行时was后接现在分词rising。故填were；notice；rising。 7．凯特正在做作业时，她的妈妈打电话来了。   Kate ________ ________ homework when her mother ________ her. 【答案】 was doing called 【详解】原句中“正在做作业”为关键信息，对应过去进行时结构was/were + doing，主语Kate为第三人称单数，be动词用was，do的现在分词为doing；“打电话来”对应动词call，句子用一般过去时，call的过去式为called。 8．当台风来的时候，你的家人正在做什么? What ________ your family ________ when the typhoon ________ ? 【答案】 were doing came 【详解】原句中“正在做什么”和“来”是关键词。本句是一个时间状语从句，“当台风来的时候”是过去的时间点，故从句用一般过去时，第③空填came。表示在过去的时间点“正在做什么”用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing，主语“your family”表示家庭成员，为复数，第①空填were，第②空填doing。故填were；doing；came。 9．待在安全屋里是躲避龙卷风的好方法。 Staying in the safe room is a good way to ________ ________ ________ the tornado. 【答案】 keep away from 【详解】原句中“躲避”为关键信息，对应固定短语keep away from；不定式符号to后接动词原形。 10．It rained ________ ________ ________. （下起了倾盆大雨。） 【答案】 cats and dogs 【详解】原句中“倾盆大雨”是关键词，表示“倾盆大雨”的短语为“cats and dogs”。 2、 单项选择。 （ ）1．While we ________ for the bus, it began to rain. A．wait     B．waited     C．were waiting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我们正在等待公交车的时候，天开始下雨了。 while引导的时间状语从句表示持续的动作，谓语动词常用进行时态。根据主句began可知句子时态为一般过去时，因此从句应用过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。主语是we，be动词用were。 （ ）2．—What _______ you _______ at 8:00 last night? —I was taking a shower. A．are; doing B．did; do C．were; doing D．do; do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨晚8点钟你正在做什么？——我正在洗澡。 时间状语“at 8:00 last night”提示，句子表示过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作，时态应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+现在分词。主语是“you”，be动词要用were，do的现在分词形式是doing。 （ ）3．The school sports meeting will ______ next Friday. A．take place B．be taken place C．happen D．be happened 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学校运动会将于下周五举行。 take place通常指有计划、安排的事情；happen通常指偶然发生的事情，两词均为不及物动词 (短语)，没有被动语态。学校运动会是有计划的活动，应填take place。 （ ）4．During the tornado, the family _______ in the basement. A．hid B．hid out C．hidden D．were hiding 【答案】D 【详解】句意：龙卷风期间，这家人正躲在地下室里。 hid 躲藏，过去式；hid out躲藏起来，过去式；hidden躲藏，过去分词；were hiding正躲藏，过去进行时。句中“During the tornado”提示，此处强调在过去龙卷风持续期间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时；主语“the family” 是集合名词，在这里强调家庭中的各个成员，所以be动词要用were。 （ ）5．The heavy rain ______ the flood in the village. A．caused B．happened C．took D．made 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大雨导致了村里的洪水。 caused导致；happened发生；took带走；made制作。根据“The heavy rain...the flood”可知，大雨是洪水产生的原因，表示“导致”应用caused。 （ ）6．Farmers ________ fresh vegetables to the city every day. A．supply B．spend C．cover D．expect 【答案】A 【详解】句意：农民每天向城市供应新鲜蔬菜。 supply供应；spend花费；cover覆盖；expect期待。该句主语是农民，宾语是蔬菜，动作是向城市供应，supply sth. to sp“向某地供应某物”，固定搭配。 （ ）7．The typhoon finally _______ on the east coast early this morning. A．got B．arrived C．reached D．landed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今天凌晨台风终于登陆了东海岸。 got 到达，常与to连用；arrived到达，常与in/at 连用；reached到达，及物动词；landed登陆，不及物动词。空后介词“on”及主语“typhoon”提示，此处表示台风登陆，应用landed。 （ ）8．The rain was _______ against the windows when I woke up. A．hitting B．beating C．knocking D．pushing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我醒来时，雨正猛烈地敲打着窗户。 hitting打击；beating敲打，连续拍打；knocking敲；pushing推。“The rain was…against the windows”提示，此处在形容雨点连续不断地打在窗户上，常用固定搭配beat against。 （ ）9．The ground suddenly started to shake. A strong ______ happened in this area last night. A．flood B．snow C．storm D．earthquake 【答案】D 【详解】句意：地面突然开始震动。昨晚在这个地区发生了一场强烈的地震。 flood洪水；snow雪；storm风暴；earthquake地震。根据“The ground suddenly started to shake.”可知，地面突然开始震动，推测发生了地震，应填earthquake。 （ ）10．—What happened last night? —The lights _______ because of the heavy storm. A．went out B．went off C．went on D．went up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——昨晚发生了什么？——因为暴风雨，灯熄灭了。 went out熄灭，出去；went off离开，爆炸；went on继续；went up上升。空格后“because of the heavy storm”提示，结合常识，暴风雨通常导致停电或灯熄灭。 3、 选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 sorry   little   life   sudden   get   late   review   without   check   help A sudden mudslide hit the mountain village last month. When Mr. Li was working in his office, the ground 1 shook. He quickly ran out of the building. He felt lucky to be alive, but he was 2 for what happened to his neighbors. After the mudslide, Mr. Li 3 a call from his friend working in another village. The friend asked Mr. Li 4 on his family. However, Mr. Li’s house had fallen down. He asked over 20 people for 5 , but it was too 6 . All his family members had lost their 7 . A student named Xiao Ming was doing a final 8 in the classroom when he heard the noise. He ran out 9 shoes or a coat. After the shaking stopped, teachers led the students to the playground. “Seeing more rescue workers arriving, I feel 10 afraid,” Xiao Ming said. 【答案】 1．suddenly 2．sorry 3．got 4．to check 5．help 6．late 7．lives 8．review 9．without 10．less 【导语】本文讲述了上个月一场突如其来的泥石流袭击山村时，李先生和学生小明的不同经历，展现了灾难发生时的场景与人们的状态。 1．句意：当李先生在办公室工作时，地面突然晃动了。此处修饰动词shook，需用副词，sudden的副词形式为suddenly，意为 “突然地”，符合“泥石流发生时地面突然晃动”的语境，因此用suddenly。 2．句意：他为自己能活下来感到幸运，但他为邻居们的遭遇感到难过。be sorry for是固定搭配，意为“为……感到难过 / 遗憾”，符合“邻居遭遇不幸，李先生感到难过”的语境，因此用sorry。 3．句意：泥石流过后，李先生接到了在另一个村庄工作的朋友的电话。get a call是固定搭配，意为“接到电话”，文章时态为一般过去时，get的过去式为got。 4．句意：朋友让李先生确认一下他的家人（是否安全）。ask sb. to do sth.是固定结构，意为“让某人做某事”，check on是固定搭配，意为“检查、确认（情况）”，因此用to check。 5．句意：他向 20 多个人求助，但为时已晚。ask sb. for help是固定搭配，意为“向某人求助”，help无需变形。 6．句意：但为时已晚。too late是固定表达，意为“太晚了”，符合 “家人已遇难，求助为时已晚”的语境。 7．句意：他所有的家人都失去了生命。life表示“生命”时是可数名词，their后接可数名词复数，life的复数形式为lives，因此用 lives。 8．句意：一个叫小明的学生正在教室里进行期末复习时，听到了声响。do a final review意为“进行期末复习”，review 此处为名词，意为“复习”，因此用review原形即可。 9．句意：他没穿鞋、没穿外套就跑了出去。without是介词，意为“没有”，后接名词shoes or a coat，符合“紧急逃生时没穿衣物” 的语境。 10．句意：“看到更多救援人员到来，我不那么害怕了。”小明说。此处修饰形容词afraid，需用副词，little的副词形式为less，意为“更少地”，表示“恐惧快速消散”，符合语境，因此用less。 4、 阅读理解 （A） It was seven o’clock in the evening. The weather was very terrible. A strong rain storm was coming. At that time, Kate was doing her homework in her study. Her brother Bill was watching a soccer game on TV. Their mother was making dinner in the kitchen. Their father was reading a book on the sofa. Suddenly, the wind blew very hard and the rain beat the windows. All the lights in their house went out. They felt a little afraid, but they stayed together and talked with each other. After about forty minutes, the storm stopped. The air was fresh and the sky was clear. They went out and enjoyed the nice night. （ ）1．What time was the rainstorm coming? A．At 6:00 pm. B．At 7:00 pm. C．At 8:00 pm. （ ）2．What was Kate doing when the storm came? A．She was watching TV. B．She was doing homework. C．She was making dinner. （ ）3．What was Bill doing? A．Reading a book. B．Playing soccer. C．Watching TV. （ ）4．How did they feel when the lights went out? A．Afraid. B．Excited. C．Relaxed. （ ）5．How long did the storm last? A．About 20 minutes. B．About 40 minutes. C．About an hour. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了暴风雨来临时一家人在晚上七点的活动以及暴风雨持续的时间和过后的情景。 1．根据“It was seven o’clock in the evening. ... A strong rainstorm was coming.”可知，暴风雨在晚上7点来临。故选B。 2．根据“At that time, Kate was doing her homework in her study.”可知，暴风雨来临时Kate正在做作业。故选B。 3．根据“Her brother Bill was watching a soccer game on TV.”可知，Bill正在看电视。故选C。 4．根据“They felt a little afraid”可知，灯熄灭后他们感到害怕。故选A。 5．根据“After about forty minutes, the storm stopped.”可知，暴风雨持续了大约40分钟。故选B。 （B） （ ）6．Which is safe to use inside a building during a lightning storm? A．A radio. B．A computer. C．A telephone. D．A mobile phone. （ ）7．How long should you stay inside after the last sound of thunder? A． At least 20 minutes. B．At least half an hour. C．At least 40 minutes. D．At least two hours. （ ）8．How can you protect yourself from lightning when you are outside? A． Put your hands on the top of your head. B．Keep the back parts of your feet apart. C．Lie down to avoid being the tallest object. D．Touch the ground only with the front parts of your feet. （ ）9．Why should we touch the back parts of our feet together when outdoors in a thunderstorm? A． To keep our balance when crouching down B．To make the electricity pass through our body safely C．To avoid being hit by lightning directly D．To protect our feet from the cold ground （ ）10．What kind of text is it? A．A diary. B．A report. C．A guide. D．An advertisement. 【答案】6．D 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇关于雷电安全指南的说明文，详细介绍了在雷暴天气下，如何在室内和室外采取正确的避险措施以确保人身安全，包括室内避险的注意事项、室外被困时的正确应对方法等内容。 6．文中明确提到“Stay off telephones, computers and radios, but you can use mobile phones.”，意思是要远离固定电话、电脑和收音机，但可以使用手机。所以在雷暴期间于建筑物内使用手机是安全的。 7．根据文中“Stay inside for at least 30 minutes after the last sound of thunder.”可知，最后一声雷响过后至少要在室内停留30分钟，30分钟也就是半小时。 8．文中指出“The only thing touching the ground should be the front parts of your feet.”，即当你在外面时，身体唯一接触地面的部分只能是双脚的前脚掌，这样可以保护自己免受雷击伤害。 9．文中提到“Touch the back parts of your feet together. In this way, the electricity from the ground may go in one foot and out the other.”，这表明在雷雨中将脚后跟贴在一起是为了让地面的电流可以从一只脚进、另一只脚出，使电流安全地通过身体。 10．文章围绕雷暴天气下的安全知识展开，详细说明了在室内和室外的避险方法，目的是为人们提供在雷暴天气中保障安全的指导，所以这是一篇指南类文本。 （C） Have you ever wondered why almost every ancient culture has stories about a terrible big flood? Flood legends (传说) are found all over the world, from Asia to Europe and America. These old stories are not just fairy tales. They carry people’s memories of huge natural disasters. ★ In China, Yu the Great worked hard for many years to stop the great flood and saved his people. In the West, the story of Noah’s Ark tells how a man built a big ship to save his family and animals from a worldwide flood. Native American tribes (部落) also have similar stories of great floods that destroyed the land long ago. Surprisingly, these legends are very much alike. Most stories say the flood was huge and destroyed almost everything. People in ancient times tried hard to survive. This makes people think: did a real big flood happen long ago? It is unlikely that all these stories were made up by chance. Scientists have studied this question. Dr. Robert Ballard, an oceanographer (海洋学家), discovered that about 7,600 years ago, melting glaciers (冰川) caused a terrible flood in the Black Sea area. Many scientists agree that some parts of the earth experienced large floods in ancient times. However, they say there was never a real global flood that covered the whole planet. Will big floods happen again? Scientists say climate change is a risk. Warmer temperatures may melt glaciers faster and raise sea levels. Heavy rains and storms could also cause serious floods in the future. But scientists are not helpless. They use satellites (卫星) and sensors to build early warning systems. They also build stronger dams and plant more trees to help prevent floods. （ ）11．What is the function of Paragraph 1? A． To share a funny story B．To introduce the topic C．To give a suggestion D．To describe a disaster （ ）12．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A． Floods are very dangerous to human beings. B．Scientists study ancient floods with great care. C．Many old flood stories have lasted for a long time. D．We should protect ourselves from terrible floods. （ ）13．Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ________. A．the danger of big floods B．the ways to stop floods C．the history of ancient floods D．the similarity of flood legends （ ）14．From the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A．A real global flood covered the whole earth long ago. B．Dr. Robert Ballard found evidence of a flood in the Black Sea area. C．Trees play an important role in preventing floods. D．Climate change may cause more floods in the future. （ ）15．What is the writer’s purpose? A．To tell people not to believe those old ancient stories. B．To ask all people around the world to save fresh water. C．To introduce flood legends and scientific studies about them. D．To show people how to build strong and safe dams. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，全世界各地都有很多关于洪水的神话传说，科学家对此进行研究发现，古代部分地区确实发生过大洪水，但并没有覆盖全球的大洪水。同时文章提到，如今气候变化可能再次引发洪水，而科学家也在通过预警系统、修建堤坝、植树等方式预防洪水。 11．第一段第一句“Have you ever wondered why almost every ancient culture has stories about a terrible big flood?” (你是否好奇为什么几乎所有古代文化都有大洪水的传说？)开篇，引出“洪水传说”这一核心话题，作用是引入主题，故选B。 12．第二段分别列举了中国大禹治水、西方诺亚方舟、美洲部落的洪水传说，说明不同文化中都流传着古老的洪水故事。因此，空格处需要一个能总起下文、引出“不同文化的洪水传说”的句子，故选C。 13．第三段开头提到“Surprisingly, these legends are very much alike. ” (令人惊讶的是，这些传说非常相似)，后文围绕“洪水巨大、几乎摧毁一切、古人艰难求生”等共性展开，核心是讨论洪水传说的相似性，故选D。 14．根据原文第四段“However, they say there was never a real global flood that covered the whole planet.”可知，科学家认为从未有过覆盖整个地球的全球性大洪水，A项与此意不相符，故选A。 15．文章先介绍世界各地的洪水传说，再说明这些传说的相似性，接着讲述科学家对古代洪水的研究，最后提及未来洪水风险与应对措施。整体目的是介绍洪水传说及相关科学研究，故选C。 拓展提升 一、完型填空。 Last Sunday, it was raining heavily. I planned to go to the city library with my best friend, Lisa. We 1 to meet at the bus stop at 9 a.m. When I 2 to the stop, Lisa was waiting there with an umbrella. She said she 3 for 10 minutes. We got on the bus and talked happily. The bus was slow because the rain 4 against the windows hard. When we arrived at the library, the rain 5 . We walked into the library and found a quiet corner to read. While I 6 a storybook, Lisa was looking for some science magazines. Suddenly, we heard a loud noise. A big tree branch (树枝) 7 on the gate of the library because of the strong wind. The librarian asked everyone to stay 8 . We waited there for about an hour until the workers 9 the branch. After that, we read books for another two hours. It was a special day, 10 we had a great time together. （ ）1．A．agree B．agreed C．are agreeing D．will agree （ ）2．A．get B．got C．was getting D．gets （ ）3．A．waits B．waited C．has waited D．had waited （ ）4．A．beat B．beats C．was beating D．is beating （ ）5．A．stops B．stopped C．was stopping D．is stopping （ ）6．A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．have read （ ）7．A．falls B．fell C．was falling D．is falling （ ）8．A．safe B．safely C．dangerous D．dangerously （ ）9．A．move B．moved C．are moving D．were moving （ ）10．A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者上周日和朋友Lisa冒雨去市图书馆看书，途中遇到树枝被狂风刮落，最终安全度过、共度美好时光的经历。 1．句意：我们约定上午9点在公交站见面。 根据时间状语“Last Sunday”，全文为过去时态，因此用一般过去时agreed。 2．句意：当我到达车站时，Lisa正拿着伞在那里等。 when引导的时间状语从句，描述过去发生的动作，主句用过去进行时was waiting，从句应用一般过去时got。 3．句意：她说她已经等了10分钟了。 “for 10 minutes”是一段时间，且动作发生在过去的过去，需用过去完成时，应用had waited。has waited是现在完成时，不符合语境。 4．句意：公交车开得很慢，因为雨正猛烈地打在车窗上。 描述过去公交车行驶时雨正在发生的动作，用过去进行时was beating，强调当时的持续状态。 5．句意：当我们到达图书馆时，雨停了。 全文为过去时态，雨停是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时stopped。 6．句意：当我正在读故事书时，Lisa正在找一些科学杂志。 while引导的时间状语从句，强调两个过去同时进行的动作，主句用过去进行时“was looking for”，从句也用过去进行时was reading。 7．句意：一根大树枝因为大风掉在了图书馆的大门上。 树枝掉落是过去发生的瞬时动作，用一般过去时，应用fell。was falling是过去进行时，不符合。 8．句意：图书管理员让所有人保持安全。 stay为系动词，后接形容词作表语；根据语境，树枝掉落，管理员让大家保持安全，应用safe。safely是副词，不符合语法结构；dangerous“危险的”、dangerously“危险地”均不符合语境。 9．句意：我们在那里等了大约一个小时，直到工人们移走了树枝。 “We waited”表明时态是一般过去时，描述过去工人移走树枝的动作，应用moved。 10．句意：这是特别的一天，我们在一起度过了美好的时光。 空前后句是并列关系，应用and连接。but表示转折、so表结果、or表选择，均不符合。 2、 任务型阅读 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 How to stay safe during a heavy rainstorm? Heavy rainstorms can bring many problems, like floods and power cuts. 1 First, you should listen to the weather report before going out. 2 If the report says there will be a heavy rainstorm, you’d better stay at home. Second, if you are caught in a rainstorm outside, don’t stay under trees or near buildings. 3 You should find a safe place to stay in, like a shop or a subway station. Third, if you are at home, close all the windows and doors. 4 Don’t touch electrical appliances (电器) with wet hands, because it’s dangerous. Fourth, prepare some food, water and batteries in advance. 5 Following these tips can help you stay safe during a heavy rainstorm. A．They can keep you safe when the power goes out. B．It can help you know when the rainstorm is coming. C．So it’s important to know how to protect yourself. D．They may fall down and hurt you in the strong wind. E．You should also move your things away from windows. F．You can go out to play after the rainstorm stops. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了暴雨天气的安全防护知识，介绍了暴雨来临前、户外遇暴雨、在家时以及提前准备物资等不同场景下的安全注意事项，帮助人们在暴雨中保护自身安全。 1．第一段开篇“Heavy rainstorms can bring many problems, like floods and power cuts.”指出暴雨会带来洪水、停电等诸多问题，空后紧接着介绍具体的安全防护方法。因此空处需引出做好防护的重要性，C选项“因此了解如何保护自己很重要。”承接上文的问题，引出下文的防护建议，逻辑连贯。 2．第二段首句“First, you should listen to the weather report before going out.”建议出门前听天气预报，空处应强调天气预报的作用，B选项“它可以帮助你了解暴雨何时来临。”解释了听天气预报的作用，与后文“If the report says there will be a heavy rainstorm, you’d better stay at home.”逻辑连贯。 3．第三段首句“Second, if you are caught in a rainstorm outside, don’t stay under trees or near buildings.”建议在户外时不要待在树下或高楼附近，空后“You should find a safe place to stay in, like a shop or a subway station.”则建议要寻找安全的地方待着，因此空处应强调“不要待在树下或高楼附近”的原因，D选项“它们可能会在强风中倒下伤到你。”解释了原因，符合语境。 4．空前“Third, if you are at home, close all the windows and doors”建议在家时关好门窗，空处应进一步说明与门窗有关的建议，E选项“你还应该把物品搬离窗户。”是进一步的安全措施，与前后文衔接自然。 5．空前“Fourth, prepare some food, water and batteries in advance.”建议提前准备食物、水和电池，空后应解释准备这些物品的原因或作用，A选项“停电时它们能保证你的安全。”直接说明了作用，符合语境。 阅读短文，并按要求完成下面小题。 On February 6th, 2023, a terrible earthquake hit Turkey. China and some other countries gave a helping hand at once. Two Chinese rescue teams arrived in Turkey. Among them, 82 members were from the Chinese Search and Rescue Team and 59 members were from Hong Kong SAR Rescue Team. Before they went to Turkey, they had prepared advanced (先进的) rescue equipment and rescue dogs, so that they could offer help in time. According to the report, the disaster was much more serious than people had expected. The situation became more difficult because of heavy snow and low temperature. What’s worse, there were aftershocks from time to time, which made the rescue very dangerous and challenging. But the rescue workers never gave up and worked through the night looking for signs of life. They had rich rescue experience, and all they were thinking about was how to save lives more quickly and safely. They succeeded in saving a pregnant woman (孕妇) and a man who was trapped under the fallen building for almost six days. The rescue teams spent over a week rescuing people in Turkey and returned home safely. Before leaving Turkey, they gave away their basic necessities (必需品) to those in need, such as food, water, tents and medicine. What the rescue teams did touched the local people. They were hopeful about their future because of Chinese people’s kindness. 6．How many members were there in the two Chinese rescue teams? 7．What was the weather like in Turkey during the rescue? 8．Where did the rescue workers find the man mentioned in paragraph 3? 9．Who left their medicine to the local people? 10．Do you want to be a person like the Chinese rescue workers? What do you think of them? 【答案】 6．141 members. 7．Cold and snowy./It snowed heavily and the temperature was low. 8．Under the fallen building. 9．The rescue teams. 10．Yes. I think they are brave, helpful and kind.(合理即可) 【导语】本文主要讲述了2023年土耳其地震后，中国两支救援队前往当地开展救援，并在撤离时留下物资帮助当地人的事迹。 6．根据“Among them, 82 members were from the Chinese Search and Rescue Team and 59 members were from Hong Kong SAR Rescue Team.”可知，将两队人数相加82+59=141。故填141 members. 7．根据“The situation became more difficult because of heavy snow and low temperature.”可知，救援期间土耳其的天气是寒冷且多雪的。故填Cold and snowy./It snowed heavily and the temperature was low. 8．根据“They succeeded in saving a pregnant woman and a man who was trapped under the fallen building for almost six days.”可知，这名男子被困在倒塌的建筑物下。故填Under the fallen building. 9．根据“Before leaving Turkey, they gave away their basic necessities to those in need, such as food, water, tents and medicine.”可知，是中国救援队把药品等物资留给了当地人。故填The rescue teams. 10．本题为开放性问题，结合自身看法作答即可，例如可以评价救援人员勇敢、乐于助人且善良。参考答案为Yes. I think they are brave, helpful and kind. 三、语言运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last week, a strong typhoon hit our city. I remember the moment it started. My family and I were 1 (watch) a movie at home. 2 (sudden), the wind became very loud, and a tree branch broke our window! My little sister was 3 scared that she started crying. My mother tried to calm us 4 I was very 5 (worry) about my friend, so I called him. He was safe. He told me that when the typhoon 6 (come), his family was playing cards together. 7 (lucky), they were all fine. The next morning, the weather report said the typhoon was moving away. Our neighbourhood was a mess, with fallen 8 (leaf) and branches everywhere. My family and 9 (me) went outside to help with the clean-up. It was a scary experience, 10 I’m glad everyone was safe. 【答案】 1．watching 2．Suddenly 3．so 4．down 5．worried 6．came 7．Luckily 8．leaves 9．I 10．but 【导语】本文讲述了上周台风袭击城市时，“我”和家人的经历，以及台风过后邻里一起清理的场景，体现了灾难中的亲情与邻里互助。 1．句意：我和我的家人正在家里看电影。 解析：根据“Last week, a strong typhoon hit our city. I remember the moment it started.”可知，此处描述台风开始时“我们”正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时。故填watching。 2．句意：突然，风变得很大，一根树枝打破了我们的窗户！此处需要一个副词来修饰整个句子，描述风变大这一情况的突发性。sudden是形容词，其副词形式为Suddenly，句首单词首字母大写。故填Suddenly。 3．句意：我的小妹妹如此害怕，以至于她开始哭了。so...that...是固定结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。 4．句意：我妈妈试图让我们平静下来。calm down是固定短语，意为“平静下来；镇定下来”，符合妈妈安抚家人的语境。故填down。 5．句意：我非常担心我的朋友，所以我给他打了电话。 be worried about是固定短语，意为“担心……”。故填worried。 6．句意：他告诉我，当台风来临时，他的家人正在一起打牌。根据“told”和“was playing”可知，句子整体时态为一般过去时，此处描述台风“来临”的动作发生在过去。故填came。 7．句意：幸运的是，他们都很好。此处需要一个副词来修饰整个句子，表达“幸运地”这一含义。lucky副词形式为Luckily，句首单词首字母大写。故填Luckily。 8．句意：我们的社区一片混乱，到处都是落叶和树枝。leaf是可数名词，意为“叶子”，根据“everywhere”可知，此处表示“很多落叶”，需用复数形式leaves。故填leaves。 9．句意：我和我的家人走到外面帮忙清理。 此处与“My family and”并列作主语，指代“我的家人和我”，应使用主格I。故填I。 10．句意：这是一次可怕的经历，但我很高兴大家都平安无事。前半句“It was a scary experience”描述经历可怕，后半句“I’m glad everyone was safe”表达庆幸大家平安，前后句是转折关系，需用连词but连接。故填but。 四、书面表达 假设你是学校安全宣传员，请根据Unit5 SectionA的内容，写一篇题为“Safety Tips During an Earthquake”的短文，介绍地震时的安全做法。要求： 1.包含以下要点：待在哪里、防护措施、不应做的事； 2.词数80左右； 3.语句通顺，语法正确。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Safety Tips During an Earthquake When an earthquake strikes, it’s crucial to stay calm first as panic only makes things worse. If you’re indoors, quickly hide under a sturdy table and cover your head and neck with both hands to avoid falling objects. Never rush outside blindly or take the elevator, as it’s risky and may trap you. If you are outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings and trees. Remember these tips to keep safe. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，注意字母大小写及标点符号。 [写作步骤] 第一步、开篇总述，强调保持冷静。 第二步、分室内外场景说明正确做法。 第三步、总结提醒，强化安全意识。 [亮点词汇] ①calm冷静的 ②indoors室内 ③protect保护 ④outdoors户外 [高分句型] ①If you’re indoors, quickly hide under a sturdy table and cover your head and neck with both hands to avoid falling objects. （运用了if引导的条件状语从句） ②Remember these tips to keep safe.（运用了动词不定式表目的） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $