新人教版八下 Unit 5 Section B 分层作业-八年级英语下册【趣味课堂】精品课件（新人教版）

新人教版八下 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper Section B 分层作业 英语 班级：_________ 姓名：_________ 学号：________ 基础训练 1、 词汇。根据汉语提示或要求完成句子。 1．We can learn more about nature’s disaster by getting more ________(know). 2．We should start to protect the environment before the ________ (bad) thing happens. 3．________ (thankful), no one got hurt in the sudden storm. 4．My pet dog helped me ________ (guard) the house when I was out. 5．He ran as ________ (quick) as he could to catch the early bus. 6．结果，许多房屋和树木都遭到了严重损坏。 _________ _________ __________, many houses and trees were badly broken. 7．解放军拒绝将老人留在暴风雨中。 The PLA soldiers __________ __________ leave the old man alone in the rainstorm. 8．我们一听到雷声就赶紧跑到安全的地方。 We ran to a safe place _________ _________ _________ we heard the loud thunder. 9．当暴风雨来临时，她敏捷的思维帮助她保持冷静。 Her __________ __________ helped her stay calm when the storm came. 10．约翰醒来后感到不舒服，所以他没去上学。 John felt ill after he ________ ________, so he didn’t go to school. 2、 单项选择。 （ ）1．My grandparents have lived in their old house ________ 50 years ago. A．since B．for C．in D．on （ ）2．She refused to ______ me with my homework even though I asked twice. A．help B．helped C．helping D．helps （ ）3．They decided ______ a new house near the park last month. A．buy B．to buy C．to buying D．buying （ ）4．The ______ asked to see my ID before letting me into the building. A．safeguard B．security guard C．travel guide D．postman （ ）5．As soon as the police heard the news, they ______. A．jumped into action B．took a rest C．made it to safety D．made a living （ ）6．They went to Hainan ______ last winter. A．on a holiday B．on holiday C．in holiday D．for holiday （ ）7．______ your help, I finished the project on time. A．Lead to B．Thanks for C．Care for D．Thanks to （ ）8．The book is ______ the shelf. You need a ladder to reach it. A．on top of B．in top of C．at top of D．to top of （ ）9．The firefighters worked hard to ______ everyone ______ the burning building. A．get; off B．take; off C．bring; off D．put; off （ ）10．The wildfire ________ the forest quickly and destroyed many trees. A．swept through B．blew across C．took place D．put out 3、 选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 beat， sudden， a， because， my， clean， minute， come， branch， in It was reported that one of last year’s most powerful storms killed at least four people and hurt at least 95 others in southern China. Do you remember what you were doing at that time? I couldn't forget what happened 1 it was terrible for me. It was a dark and quiet night at first. I was just about to fall asleep. 2 , I heard a loud noise.It was raining cats and dogs outside. The wind was 3 against the windows.I got up and looked out of the window. To my surprise, I could see 4 tree in my neighbour’s garden fall. It broke a fence (栅栏) and part of the wall. I realized that I should do something by 5 . So I put on my raincoat and went outside. The rain was so heavy that I was completely (完全地) wet in a few 6 . There was almost silence (寂静) 7 the neighbourhood except for the sound of the rain and the wind. I tried my best to move some of the 8 . After a while,some of my neighbours also 9 out to help. Together, we managed 10 up the mess. It was a long and tiring night, but I felt good that I did something to help. It felt great to see the community working together. 4、 阅读理解 （A） （ ）1．What is safe to use during a thunderstorm? A．Radios. B．Corded telephones. C．Computers. D．Mobile phones. （ ）2．What should we do first during a thunderstorm? A．Find a safe shelter. B．Power off mobile phones. C．Protect ears from loud thunder. D．Stay away from metal objects. （ ）3．Which of the following is the best shelter during a thunderstorm? A．A tall tree in an open field. B．A small tent on the grass. C．A closed-window car. D．A bus stop with a metal roof. （ ）4．A family camping in an open area meets a thunderstorm. What should they do? A．Stand together under the tallest tree. B．Crouch low with their heels together. C．Keep their feet touching the ground. D．Stay out and lie down on the ground. （ ）5．Where might we read this passage? A．On a weather website. B．In a travel magazine. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a museum guidebook. （B） 7.1-magnitude quake hits Northwest China’s Xinjiang An earthquake hit Wushi County (县) in Northwest China’s Xinjiang at 2:09 a. m. Tuesday (Beijing Time), according to the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC). Wushi County Earthquake Date: January 23rd, 2024 Time: 02:09:05 Magnitude (震级): 7.1 Location (位置): 41.26°N, 78.63°E Depth (深度): 22 km Mr. Huang:The bed was shaking when the earthquake happened. I quickly hid under a desk. I told myself to calm down again and again. 2024-1-23 04:33 From Xinjiang Miss Liu:I nearly cried. I don’t think I am a brave person when I face the earthquake. 2024-1-24 07:48 From Xinjiang Mrs. Li:My neighbor was a great help during the earthquake. She helped me carry one of my children and we ran out of the building together. We stayed in a big square for a long time. 2024-1-25 16:50 From Xinjiang （ ）6．When did the earthquake hit Wushi? A．At 02:09 on January 23rd, 2024 B．At 04:33 on January 23rd, 2024. C．At 07:48 on January 24th, 2024 D．At 16:50 on January 25th, 2024. （ ）7．Which question are Mr. Huang, Miss Liu and Mrs. Li answering? A．How did the earthquake happen? B．Who is responsible for reporting the earthquake? C．What did you do in the earthquake? D．What tips should we follow in the earthquake? （ ）8．What do you think of Mrs. Li’s neighbor? A．She is shy and beautiful B．She is kind and helpful. C．She is careful and hard-working. D．She is lazy but serious. （ ）9．What can you know from the text? A．The earthquake hit Wushi on Thursday. B．Mr. Huang kept himself under the bed. C．Miss Liu was afraid during the earthquake. D．Mrs. Li hid in a building during the earthquake. （ ）10．On which website can you read this text? A．http://www.historyworld.edu.cn B．http://www.hotsports.com C．http://www.newstoday.com D．http://www.brightschool.edu.cn （C） Fifteen people died and 28 were missing after flash floods hit Yuzhong County and nearby areas in Lanzhou, Gansu Province. CCTV reported this news, at 6 p.m. on Saturday, according to the local flood control office. Heavy rains from Thursday to Friday caused the disaster. The rain was very heavy. In some places, 220 millimeters (毫米) of rain fell in just 15 hours. That’s more than half of what the area gets in a whole year! The floods damaged many things: roads were washed out, power lines fell down, and some houses were destroyed. Over 30,000 people had to leave their homes. They couldn’t get clean water or electricity easily. Two important roads were badly hit: the S104 highway and Xinghuang Road. Nearly 40 kilometres of these roads were damaged. These roads are very useful. People use them to carry food and other goods, and to go from one place to another. Now that the roads are closed, it’s hard for workers to deliver (运送) aid to those in need. It’s also difficult for people to go out daily. But many people are working hard to help. By 6 p.m. on Friday, the provincial transport department (省交通部门) had sent more than 40 big machines, like diggers, and over 200 workers. They worked to fix the roads. So far, they have opened three parts of the S104 highway and four parts of Xinghuang Road again. Other workers are trying to fix the power and water. Many companies are giving help too, like sending tents and food. The rescue and repair work is still going on. Everyone hopes things will get better soon. （ ）11．How much rain fell compared to the area’s usual yearly rain? A．Double the yearly rain. B．Over half of yearly rain. C．About 1/3 of yearly rain. D．Exactly half of yearly rain. （ ）12．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．heavy rains B．the floods C．people D．power lines （ ）13．What does the underlined word “diggers” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Tools cleaning water. B．Doctors saving people. C．Machines fixing roads. D．Helicopters (直升机) finding people. （ ）14．What is the report mainly about? A．How many people were hurt. B．Why the heavy rain happened. C．Money lost from road damage. D．The flood’s harm and help given. （ ）15．Why does the writer give numbers of machines and workers? A．To say help came too late. B．To compare different helpers. C．To explain why power went out. D．To show how hard people are working. 拓展提升 一、完型填空。 Last summer, a terrible drought (干旱) hit our town. The sun burned so hot that the river dried up and the crops turned yellow. My family had to save every drop of water. One morning, my father looked at the sky and said, “There is a dust storm coming. We must 1 quickly.” He told me to help him close all the windows and doors. We also put wet towels under the doors to 2 the dust from coming in. My mother brought the pets inside and 3 enough water for us to drink. 4 , a yellow wall of dust appeared on the horizon. The wind began to blow 5 and the sky turned dark. We could hear sand hitting the windows like rain. My little sister was scared and started to cry. I held her hand and 6 her that everything would be fine. After about two hours, the wind died down. We looked outside and saw everything covered in a thick layer of dust. Our neighbor, Mr. Green, came to 7 if we were okay. He said that his car was completely buried. My father told us that we were 8 because we had prepared well. He reminded me that during natural disasters, staying calm and following a plan can 9 lives. From that day on, I always keep an emergency bag with food, water and a first-aid kit. Being 10 is the best way to fight against nature’s temper. （ ）1．A．play B．eat C．act D．sleep （ ）2．A．stop B．bring C．take D．throw （ ）3．A．drank up B．put away C．looked for D．gave out （ ）4．A．Luckily B．Suddenly C．Finally D．Recently （ ）5．A．gently B．softly C．strongly D．slowly （ ）6．A．warned B．asked C．promised D．told （ ）7．A．check B．wonder C．guess D．answer （ ）8．A．lucky B．sad C．tired D．angry （ ）9．A．lose B．save C．risk D．end （ ）10．A．weak B．busy C．ready D．friendly 二、 任务型阅读 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 It was a beautiful day with a clear, blue sky. Everything was quiet and the book in my hands was interesting. 1 At that moment, I thought to myself, “It is an earthquake.” I was scared and I ran to tell my parents. But when I reached them, the earthquake stopped. Nothing happened in the next few hours. My family and I were not in danger. 2 We watched the news about the earthquake. The epicentre （震中）was very close to Muzaffarabad. We watched the situation in Muzaffarabad on TV. People there were in great need. 3 I arrived in the city of Muzaffarabad with a few other volunteers. 4 After hours of digging, we found a few survivors. We quickly sent for doctors to make sure they were all right. When they met their families, they cried for joy. That made me very happy. 5 And I felt terrible when I saw the tears of the people crying for their loss. I thought we should give them more help and support. 根据短文内容，将下面方框内的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．Then I felt my chair moving. B．We tried to help out the people there. C．And our house was still standing there. D．However, not everyone had a happy ending. E．I decided to volunteer to help those people right away. F．So everyone had a nice ending. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Natural disasters can hit anywhere, anytime, and being prepared is the key to staying safe. Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters that can cause terrible damage and bring serious threats to safety. Earthquakes suddenly shake the ground, often without warning. To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops. You can find a strong table to hide under and hold on. Typhoons, known as hurricanes or cyclones in other parts of the world, can lead to strong winds and too much rain. Before a typhoon arrives, storing necessary things like food, water, and batteries is important. Floods can happen when rivers overflow because of too much rain. To prepare well, avoid building homes in the areas where floods often happen and place important electrical appliances (电器) up off the ground in your home. Having an emergency plan is also a must. By understanding these disasters and taking action, people can reduce the risk of harm and recover (恢复) more quickly after disasters happen. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 6．How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the text? 7．Why are people advised to “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops? 8．What can typhoons cause according to the text? 9．Please give another two natural disasters. 10．Why is an emergency plan important for dealing with natural disasters? 三、语言运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We аll hеard the story оf Nü Wа раtсhing uр (修补) the sky with meltеd colоured stоnеs. Manу yeаrs pаssеd and troublеs brоke out аgаin. Оnе of thеm 1 (bе) a big flоod. It apреared in the Yеllow River during thе rule оf Еmрeror Yaо, and the рeоple 2 (fоrcе) to give up thеir villagеs and wеnt tо live in trеes оr mountаins. Тhe flооd brоught greаt dаmage tо thе 3 (реoрlе) life. Emperоr Уao felt sоrry for thе suffеring оf the peoрlе, so hе аskеd Gun tо sоlvе thе рroblem. Reсeiving thе оrder, Gun lеd his team tо build dikеs (堤坝) tо keеp bаck the water 4 failеd. Then Shun, thе next emреrоr, orderеd Gun’s sоn Yu to cоntinuе with thе wоrk аftеr Gun diеd. Yu аcceptеd thе wоrk аnd fоund that it was much 5 (hard) than hе hаd thоught. But hе fought against the grеаt flood brаvеlу. Fоr thirteen years, he рut 6 (hе) into his work. He рassеd his hоuse three timеs but hе did not enter it. Drаwing а lessоn frоm his fаthеr’s fаilurе, he usеd methods оf сhannеling аnd dredging (挖道和疏浚) and controllеd the grеаt floоd 7 (suссеss). He did so muсh 8 the рeорle thаt thеy сallеd him “Yu thе Great” аnd Еmрerоr Shun сhosе him as the next еmperоr. Yu wоn thе trust of his еmperor аnd thе реoplе with his grеat effоrt. Нe wаs suсh 9 wisе, strong-mindеd and greаt реrsоn that he is worth 10 (leаrn) frоm. We will rеmеmber him forеvеr. 四、书面表达 假如你是Lucy，昨天下午你所居住的地方遭遇了一场暴风雨。请给你的好友Lily写一封电子邮件。向她描述一下暴风雨来临时，你的家人（爸爸、妈妈、你、妹妹）都在干什么，暴风雨的影响是什么？ 要求：1. 须包括所有要点提示，并适当补充，语句通顺，意思连贯； 2. 词数：80词左右；开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 文中不得出现个人真实姓名和校名。 Dear Lily, Let me tell you something about the rainstorm yesterday afternoon. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lucy 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新人教版八下 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper Section B 分层作业 英语（全解全析） 班级：_________ 姓名：_________ 学号：________ 基础训练 1、 词汇。根据汉语提示或要求完成句子。 1．We can learn more about nature’s disaster by getting more ________(know). 【答案】knowledge 【详解】句意：我们可以通过获取更多知识来更多地了解自然灾害。此处需要名词作“getting”的宾语，“know”的名词形式是“knowledge”，表示“知识”，为不可数名词，符合语境。 2．We should start to protect the environment before the ________ (bad) thing happens. 【答案】worst 【详解】句意：我们应该在最坏的情况发生之前开始保护环境。此处表示“最坏的”，需要用“bad”的最高级形式“worst”，且最高级前通常加定冠词“the”，符合语境。 3．________ (thankful), no one got hurt in the sudden storm. 【答案】Thankfully 【详解】句意：值得庆幸的是，没有人在这场突如其来的暴风雨中受伤。此处需要副词修饰整个句子，“thankful”的副词形式是“thankfully”，表示“幸运地；庆幸地”，符合语境，且句首单词首字母需大写。 4．My pet dog helped me ________ (guard) the house when I was out. 【答案】guard/to guard 【详解】句意：我外出的时候，我的宠物狗帮我看守房子。句中动词help有固定用法：help sb. (to) do sth.，表示“帮助某人做某事”，其中不定式符号to可以省略，因此括号内的动词guard直接用原形（或加 to），故填guard或to guard。 5．He ran as ________ (quick) as he could to catch the early bus. 【答案】quickly 【详解】句意：他尽可能快地跑去赶早班车。句中ran是实义动词，修饰动词需要用副词作状语。括号内的quick是形容词，其对应的副词形式是quickly；同as+副词原级+as sb. can/could是固定结构，表示“尽可能……地”，因此填quickly。 6．结果，许多房屋和树木都遭到了严重损坏。 _________ _________ __________, many houses and trees were badly broken. 【答案】As a result 【详解】原句中“结果”是关键词，对应的固定短语是As a result，用来引出事情最终造成的后果，放在句首首字母需要大写，符合句子逻辑及语境。 7．解放军拒绝将老人留在暴风雨中。 The PLA soldiers __________ __________ leave the old man alone in the rainstorm. 【答案】refused to 【详解】原句中“拒绝做某事”对应的固定短语是“refused to”，句子描述过去发生的动作，“refused”是“refuse”的过去式，契合“解放军拒绝留老人在暴风雨中”的语境语义与时态要求。 8．我们一听到雷声就赶紧跑到安全的地方。 We ran to a safe place _________ _________ _________ we heard the loud thunder. 【答案】as soon as 【详解】原句中“一……就……”是关键词，对应的连词短语是“as soon as”，用于连接两个先后发生的动作，契合“一听到雷声就赶紧跑到安全地方”的语境逻辑与语法要求。 9．当暴风雨来临时，她敏捷的思维帮助她保持冷静。 Her __________ __________ helped her stay calm when the storm came. 【答案】quick thinking 【详解】原句中“敏捷的思维”对应的英文表达是“quick thinking”，“quick”修饰“thinking”（思维，名词），契合“帮助她保持冷静”的语境语义与语法要求。 10．约翰醒来后感到不舒服，所以他没去上学。 John felt ill after he ________ ________, so he didn’t go to school. 【答案】 woke up 【详解】原句中“醒来”是关键词，表示“醒来”的短语是wake up。本句主句为一般过去时（felt），after引导的时间状语从句时态需与主句一致，因此wake要变为过去式woke。 2、 单项选择。 （ ）1．My grandparents have lived in their old house ________ 50 years ago. A．since B．for C．in D．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的祖父母自从50年前就住在他们的老房子里。 since自从，后接时间点；for为了/长达，后接时间段；in在……里；on在……上。根据“have lived”可知句子是现在完成时，且“50 years ago”是一个过去的时间点，应用since引导时间状语。 （ ）2．She refused to ______ me with my homework even though I asked twice. A．help B．helped C．helping D．helps 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她拒绝帮助我做作业，即使我问了两次。 help帮助，动词原形；helped帮助，过去式/过去分词；helping 帮助，动名词/现在分词；helps帮助，三单形式。refuse to do sth“拒绝做某事”，固定词组，应填help。 （ ）3．They decided ______ a new house near the park last month. A．buy B．to buy C．to buying D．buying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们上个月决定在公园附近买一所新房子。 decide to do sth“决定做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式作宾语，应填to buy。 （ ）4．The ______ asked to see my ID before letting me into the building. A．safeguard B．security guard C．travel guide D．postman 【答案】B 【详解】句意：保安在进入大楼前要求看我的身份证。 safeguard保护；security guard保安；travel guide导游；postman邮递员。空格后“asked to see my ID before letting me into the building”提示，此处指负责检查身份并允许进入大楼的人员，即保安。 （ ）5．As soon as the police heard the news, they ______. A．jumped into action B．took a rest C．made it to safety D．made a living 【答案】A 【详解】句意：警察一听到这个消息，他们立即采取了行动。 jumped into action立即行动；took a rest休息；made it to safety到达安全地带；made a living谋生。根据“As soon as the police heard the news”可知，警察听到消息后的反应通常是迅速开展工作。 （ ）6．They went to Hainan ______ last winter. A．on a holiday B．on holiday C．in holiday D．for holiday 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们去年冬天去海南度假了。 “on holiday”为固定短语，意为“在度假”，此处表示去海南的行为状态。应填on holiday。 （ ）7．______ your help, I finished the project on time. A．Lead to B．Thanks for C．Care for D．Thanks to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：多亏了你的帮助，我按时完成了项目。 Lead to导致；Thanks for因……感谢；Care for关心；Thanks to多亏，由于。空格后“your help, I finished the project on time.”提示，此处表示由于帮助完成了项目，表原因且为好的结果。 （ ）8．The book is ______ the shelf. You need a ladder to reach it. A．on top of B．in top of C．at top of D．to top of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这本书在架子的顶部。你需要一架梯子才能够到它。 后一句“You need a ladder to reach it.”提示，书的位置很高，位于架子顶端。on top of“在……顶部”，固定搭配，其余三项为错误表达。 （ ）9．The firefighters worked hard to ______ everyone ______ the burning building. A．get; off B．take; off C．bring; off D．put; off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：消防员们努力工作以使每个人离开燃烧的大楼。 get sb off带某人离开；take sb off把某人带走；bring sb off成功完成；put sb off使某人反感。句中“firefighters”和“the burning building”提示，此处指消防员们使每个人离开燃烧的大楼。 （ ）10．The wildfire ________ the forest quickly and destroyed many trees. A．swept through B．blew across C．took place D．put out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：野火迅速席卷了森林，摧毁了许多树木。 swept through席卷；blew across吹过；took place发生，举行；put out出版，扑灭。句中“The wildfire”和“destroyed many trees.”提示，此处描述野火席卷了森林并造成破坏的情景。 3、 选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 beat， sudden， a， because， my， clean， minute， come， branch， in It was reported that one of last year’s most powerful storms killed at least four people and hurt at least 95 others in southern China. Do you remember what you were doing at that time? I couldn't forget what happened 1 it was terrible for me. It was a dark and quiet night at first. I was just about to fall asleep. 2 , I heard a loud noise.It was raining cats and dogs outside. The wind was 3 against the windows.I got up and looked out of the window. To my surprise, I could see 4 tree in my neighbour’s garden fall. It broke a fence (栅栏) and part of the wall. I realized that I should do something by 5 . So I put on my raincoat and went outside. The rain was so heavy that I was completely (完全地) wet in a few 6 . There was almost silence (寂静) 7 the neighbourhood except for the sound of the rain and the wind. I tried my best to move some of the 8 . After a while,some of my neighbours also 9 out to help. Together, we managed 10 up the mess. It was a long and tiring night, but I felt good that I did something to help. It felt great to see the community working together. 【答案】 1．because 2．Suddenly 3．beating 4．a 5．myself 6．minutes 7．in 8．branches 9．came 10．to clean 【导语】本文作者回忆了自己在一场强暴风雨中的经历，他和邻居们一起清理了被狂风刮倒的树木造成的混乱。 1．句意：我无法忘记发生的事，因为那对我来说太可怕了。前后句为因果关系，前句是“无法忘记”，后句是“原因（太可怕）”，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 2．句意：我正要睡着，突然，我听到一声巨响。此处需要副词修饰整个句子，表示“突然地”，形容词sudden变为副词Suddenly（首字母大写，位于句首）。 3．句意：风正拍打着窗户。本句为过去进行时（was/were+现在分词），beat表示“拍打、撞击”，其现在分词为beating，符合“风持续拍打窗户”的语境。 4．句意：令我惊讶的是，我看到邻居花园里的一棵树倒了。tree是可数名词单数，此处表示“一棵树”，用不定冠词a修饰。 5．句意：我意识到我应该自己做点什么。固定搭配by oneself表示“独自、靠自己”，主语是I，对应的反身代词为myself。 6．句意：雨太大了，几分钟内我就完全湿透了。a few后接可数名词复数，minute表示“分钟”，复数形式为minutes，a few minutes意为“几分钟”。 7．句意：除了雨声和风声，在社区里几乎一片寂静。表示“在……（区域）内”用介词in，in the neighbourhood是固定搭配，意为“在社区里”。 8．句意：我尽最大努力移开一些树枝。some后接可数名词复数，branch表示“树枝”，复数形式为branches，符合“树倒后留下树枝”的语境。 9．句意：过了一会儿，我的一些邻居也出来帮忙。全文为一般过去时，come out表示“出来”，come的过去式为came。 10．句意：我们一起设法清理了混乱。固定搭配manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”，clean up意为“清理”，此处用不定式to clean。 4、 阅读理解 （A） （ ）1．What is safe to use during a thunderstorm? A．Radios. B．Corded telephones. C．Computers. D．Mobile phones. （ ）2．What should we do first during a thunderstorm? A．Find a safe shelter. B．Power off mobile phones. C．Protect ears from loud thunder. D．Stay away from metal objects. （ ）3．Which of the following is the best shelter during a thunderstorm? A．A tall tree in an open field. B．A small tent on the grass. C．A closed-window car. D．A bus stop with a metal roof. （ ）4．A family camping in an open area meets a thunderstorm. What should they do? A．Stand together under the tallest tree. B．Crouch low with their heels together. C．Keep their feet touching the ground. D．Stay out and lie down on the ground. （ ）5．Where might we read this passage? A．On a weather website. B．In a travel magazine. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a museum guidebook. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了雷暴天气中应对雷电的安全防护知识，详细说明了遭遇雷电时的正确做法。 1．文章左侧部分“Stay off corded telephones, computers and radios except mobile phones.”表明雷暴天气中，手机是安全的使用设备，收音机、有线电话、电脑均不安全。 2．文章左侧部分“SEEK SHELTER FIRST”表明雷暴天气中，首要做法是寻找安全的庇护所。 3．文章左侧部分“Move to a building or a car with windows closed.”表明关闭车窗的汽车是雷暴天气中合适的庇护所，而大树、小帐篷、金属顶公交站均存在安全隐患。 4．文章右侧部分“Crouch down as low as possible.”以及“Keep your heels touching each other.”表明外出露营遭遇雷暴时，应蹲低身体并并拢脚后跟。 5．文章介绍的是雷暴天气的安全防护知识，这类内容通常出现在天气相关的网站上，而非旅游杂志、体育报纸或博物馆指南中。 （B） 7.1-magnitude quake hits Northwest China’s Xinjiang An earthquake hit Wushi County (县) in Northwest China’s Xinjiang at 2:09 a. m. Tuesday (Beijing Time), according to the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC). Wushi County Earthquake Date: January 23rd, 2024 Time: 02:09:05 Magnitude (震级): 7.1 Location (位置): 41.26°N, 78.63°E Depth (深度): 22 km Mr. Huang:The bed was shaking when the earthquake happened. I quickly hid under a desk. I told myself to calm down again and again. 2024-1-23 04:33 From Xinjiang Miss Liu:I nearly cried. I don’t think I am a brave person when I face the earthquake. 2024-1-24 07:48 From Xinjiang Mrs. Li:My neighbor was a great help during the earthquake. She helped me carry one of my children and we ran out of the building together. We stayed in a big square for a long time. 2024-1-25 16:50 From Xinjiang （ ）6．When did the earthquake hit Wushi? A．At 02:09 on January 23rd, 2024 B．At 04:33 on January 23rd, 2024. C．At 07:48 on January 24th, 2024 D．At 16:50 on January 25th, 2024. （ ）7．Which question are Mr. Huang, Miss Liu and Mrs. Li answering? A．How did the earthquake happen? B．Who is responsible for reporting the earthquake? C．What did you do in the earthquake? D．What tips should we follow in the earthquake? （ ）8．What do you think of Mrs. Li’s neighbor? A．She is shy and beautiful B．She is kind and helpful. C．She is careful and hard-working. D．She is lazy but serious. （ ）9．What can you know from the text? A．The earthquake hit Wushi on Thursday. B．Mr. Huang kept himself under the bed. C．Miss Liu was afraid during the earthquake. D．Mrs. Li hid in a building during the earthquake. （ ）10．On which website can you read this text? A．http://www.historyworld.edu.cn B．http://www.hotsports.com C．http://www.newstoday.com D．http://www.brightschool.edu.cn 【答案】6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国西北新疆乌什县发生7.1级地震的相关情况，包括地震发生的时间、地点、震级等信息，还呈现了不同人在地震中的经历和表现。 6．第一段提到：“An earthquake hit Wushi County (县) in Northwest China’s Xinjiang at 2:09 a. m. Tuesday (Beijing Time), according to the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC).” 以及 “Date: January 23rd, 2024 Time: 02:09:05”，这直接说明地震发生在2024年1月23日凌晨2点09分。 7．第三段提到Mr. Huang说地震发生时床在摇晃，他迅速躲到桌子下面并不断告诉自己要冷静；第四段提到Miss Liu说面对地震时自己几乎哭了，觉得自己不勇敢；第五段提到Mrs. Li说地震时邻居帮了大忙，邻居帮她抱起一个孩子，她们一起跑出大楼。因此他们回答的问题是“在地震中你做了什么”。 8．第五段提到：“My neighbor was a great help during the earthquake. She helped me carry one of my children and we ran out of the building together.”，说明李太太的邻居在地震中帮助她抱孩子并一起跑出大楼，由此可知李太太的邻居善良且乐于助人。 9．第四段提到：“I nearly cried. I don’t think I am a brave person when I face the earthquake.”，说明刘小姐在地震期间感到害怕。 10．本文是一篇关于地震的新闻报道，最有可能出现在新闻网站上。C选项“http://www.newstoday.com”符合新闻网站的特征。 （C） Fifteen people died and 28 were missing after flash floods hit Yuzhong County and nearby areas in Lanzhou, Gansu Province. CCTV reported this news, at 6 p.m. on Saturday, according to the local flood control office. Heavy rains from Thursday to Friday caused the disaster. The rain was very heavy. In some places, 220 millimeters (毫米) of rain fell in just 15 hours. That’s more than half of what the area gets in a whole year! The floods damaged many things: roads were washed out, power lines fell down, and some houses were destroyed. Over 30,000 people had to leave their homes. They couldn’t get clean water or electricity easily. Two important roads were badly hit: the S104 highway and Xinghuang Road. Nearly 40 kilometres of these roads were damaged. These roads are very useful. People use them to carry food and other goods, and to go from one place to another. Now that the roads are closed, it’s hard for workers to deliver (运送) aid to those in need. It’s also difficult for people to go out daily. But many people are working hard to help. By 6 p.m. on Friday, the provincial transport department (省交通部门) had sent more than 40 big machines, like diggers, and over 200 workers. They worked to fix the roads. So far, they have opened three parts of the S104 highway and four parts of Xinghuang Road again. Other workers are trying to fix the power and water. Many companies are giving help too, like sending tents and food. The rescue and repair work is still going on. Everyone hopes things will get better soon. （ ）11．How much rain fell compared to the area’s usual yearly rain? A．Double the yearly rain. B．Over half of yearly rain. C．About 1/3 of yearly rain. D．Exactly half of yearly rain. （ ）12．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．heavy rains B．the floods C．people D．power lines （ ）13．What does the underlined word “diggers” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Tools cleaning water. B．Doctors saving people. C．Machines fixing roads. D．Helicopters (直升机) finding people. （ ）14．What is the report mainly about? A．How many people were hurt. B．Why the heavy rain happened. C．Money lost from road damage. D．The flood’s harm and help given. （ ）15．Why does the writer give numbers of machines and workers? A．To say help came too late. B．To compare different helpers. C．To explain why power went out. D．To show how hard people are working. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了甘肃省兰州市榆中县及周边地区遭遇暴雨引发的洪水灾害，介绍了灾害造成的损失、影响以及各方救援情况。 11．第一段提到“In some places, 220 millimeters (毫米) of rain fell in just 15 hours. That’s more than half of what the area gets in a whole year!”，这直接表明有些地方15小时的降雨量超过了该地区全年降雨量的一半。 12．第二段“The floods damaged many things: roads were washed out, power lines fell down, and some houses were destroyed. Over 30,000 people had to leave their homes. They couldn’t get clean water or electricity easily.”中，前文描述了洪水造成的各种破坏，接着说这些人不能轻易获得干净的水和电，所以“they”指代的是受洪水影响的人们。 13．第四段“the provincial transport department (省交通部门) had sent more than 40 big machines, like diggers, and over 200 workers. They worked to fix the roads.”中，省交通部门派机器和工人去修路，所以“diggers”应该是用于修路的机器。 14．文章先介绍了洪水造成的危害，如人员伤亡、道路损坏、人们生活受影响等，接着又讲述了很多人努力救援，省交通部门派机器和工人修路，其他工人修复水电，公司也提供帮助等情况，所以报告主要是关于洪水的危害和给予的帮助。 15．第四段提到省交通部门派了40多台大机器和200多名工人去修路，结合前文道路损坏严重以及后文“So far, they have opened three parts of the S104 highway and four parts of Xinghuang Road again.”可知，作者给出机器和工人的数量是为了表明人们工作多么努力。 拓展提升 一、完型填空。 Last summer, a terrible drought (干旱) hit our town. The sun burned so hot that the river dried up and the crops turned yellow. My family had to save every drop of water. One morning, my father looked at the sky and said, “There is a dust storm coming. We must 1 quickly.” He told me to help him close all the windows and doors. We also put wet towels under the doors to 2 the dust from coming in. My mother brought the pets inside and 3 enough water for us to drink. 4 , a yellow wall of dust appeared on the horizon. The wind began to blow 5 and the sky turned dark. We could hear sand hitting the windows like rain. My little sister was scared and started to cry. I held her hand and 6 her that everything would be fine. After about two hours, the wind died down. We looked outside and saw everything covered in a thick layer of dust. Our neighbor, Mr. Green, came to 7 if we were okay. He said that his car was completely buried. My father told us that we were 8 because we had prepared well. He reminded me that during natural disasters, staying calm and following a plan can 9 lives. From that day on, I always keep an emergency bag with food, water and a first-aid kit. Being 10 is the best way to fight against nature’s temper. （ ）1．A．play B．eat C．act D．sleep （ ）2．A．stop B．bring C．take D．throw （ ）3．A．drank up B．put away C．looked for D．gave out （ ）4．A．Luckily B．Suddenly C．Finally D．Recently （ ）5．A．gently B．softly C．strongly D．slowly （ ）6．A．warned B．asked C．promised D．told （ ）7．A．check B．wonder C．guess D．answer （ ）8．A．lucky B．sad C．tired D．angry （ ）9．A．lose B．save C．risk D．end （ ）10．A．weak B．busy C．ready D．friendly 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者一家遭遇沙尘暴，提前做好应对准备的经历，让作者明白面对自然灾害提前准备的重要性。 1．句意：沙尘暴要来了，我们必须快速行动。 根据原文“There is a dust storm coming. He told me to help him close all the windows and doors.”，沙尘暴即将来临，一家人需要马上采取行动应对，act“行动”符合文意。play玩耍、eat吃、sleep睡觉都不符合语境。 2．句意：我们还在门下放湿毛巾来阻止灰尘进来。 根据固定搭配stop...from doing sth表示“阻止……做某事”，结合应对沙尘暴的需求，阻止灰尘进入室内符合逻辑，stop符合文意。bring带来、take带走、throw扔都不符合语境。 3．句意：我妈妈把宠物带进屋里，收拾好足够我们饮用的水。 根据前文一家人都在为沙尘暴做准备，put away“整理、收拾好”符合准备饮用水的语境。drank up喝完、looked for寻找、gave out分发都不符合提前储备物资的逻辑。 4．句意：突然，一道黄色的沙尘墙出现在地平线上。 结合上下文，一家人刚做好准备，沙尘暴就骤然来临，Suddenly“突然”符合突发状况的语境。Luckily幸运地、Finally最终、Recently最近都不符合语义。 5．句意：风开始猛烈地刮，天空变得暗沉。 根据原文“the sky turned dark. We could hear sand hitting the windows like rain”，沙尘暴来袭时风力很强，strongly“猛烈地”符合语境。gently温和地、softly轻柔地、slowly缓慢地都不符合沙尘暴的场景。 6．句意：我握着她的手，告诉她一切都会好起来的。 根据原文“My little sister was scared and started to cry”，妹妹因为沙尘暴害怕哭泣，我安抚她，告诉她一切安好，told“告诉”符合此处语境。warned警告、asked询问、promised承诺都不符合安抚的场景。 7．句意：我们的邻居格林先生过来查看我们是否安好。 沙尘暴过去之后，邻居过来确认我们的情况，check“查看”符合文意。wonder想知道、guess猜测、answer回答都不符合语境。 8．句意：我爸爸告诉我们，我们很幸运，因为我们准备充分。 根据原文“because we had prepared well”，提前做好应对准备躲过灾祸，因此是幸运的，lucky“幸运的”符合文意。sad悲伤的、tired疲惫的、angry生气的都不符合语义。 9．句意：他提醒我，在自然灾害中，保持冷静、遵照预案可以拯救生命。 结合防灾常识，正确的应对方法能够拯救生命，save“拯救”符合文意。lose失去、risk冒险、end结束都不符合语义。 10．句意：做好准备是应对大自然坏脾气的最好方式。 根据原文“From that day on, I always keep an emergency bag with food, water and a first-aid kit”，作者从此一直提前做好应急准备，ready“准备好的”符合文章主旨。weak虚弱的、busy忙碌的、friendly友好的都不符合文意。 二、 任务型阅读 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 It was a beautiful day with a clear, blue sky. Everything was quiet and the book in my hands was interesting. 1 At that moment, I thought to myself, “It is an earthquake.” I was scared and I ran to tell my parents. But when I reached them, the earthquake stopped. Nothing happened in the next few hours. My family and I were not in danger. 2 We watched the news about the earthquake. The epicentre （震中）was very close to Muzaffarabad. We watched the situation in Muzaffarabad on TV. People there were in great need. 3 I arrived in the city of Muzaffarabad with a few other volunteers. 4 After hours of digging, we found a few survivors. We quickly sent for doctors to make sure they were all right. When they met their families, they cried for joy. That made me very happy. 5 And I felt terrible when I saw the tears of the people crying for their loss. I thought we should give them more help and support. 根据短文内容，将下面方框内的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．Then I felt my chair moving. B．We tried to help out the people there. C．And our house was still standing there. D．However, not everyone had a happy ending. E．I decided to volunteer to help those people right away. F．So everyone had a nice ending. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者经历了一次地震，并作为志愿者帮助地震中的人们。 1．根据“At that moment, I thought to myself, ‘It is an earthquake.”可知，作者看书时发生了地震，选项A“然后我觉得我的椅子在动。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“Nothing happened in the next few hours. My family and I were not in danger.”可知，几小时后没再出现异常，作者一家没有危险，此处顺承说明作者家的情况，选项C“而且我们的房子仍然完好矗立。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“People there were in great need. ”可知，震中附近Muzaffarabad的民众急需帮助，后文提到作者和其他志愿者抵达该地，此处说明作者的决定，选项E“我立刻决定志愿去帮助那些人。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“I arrived in the city of Muzaffarabad with a few other volunteers. ”及“After hours of digging, we found a few survivors. ”可知，此处说明作者一行人的行动，选项B“我们努力帮助那里的人们。”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据“That made me very happy.”及“And I felt terrible when I saw the tears of the people crying for their loss.”可知，作者看到有人获救很开心，后文看到有人因失去亲人而悲伤，此处转折说明并非所有人都有好结果；选项D“然而，不是每个人都有圆满的结局。”符合语境。故选D。 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Natural disasters can hit anywhere, anytime, and being prepared is the key to staying safe. Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters that can cause terrible damage and bring serious threats to safety. Earthquakes suddenly shake the ground, often without warning. To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops. You can find a strong table to hide under and hold on. Typhoons, known as hurricanes or cyclones in other parts of the world, can lead to strong winds and too much rain. Before a typhoon arrives, storing necessary things like food, water, and batteries is important. Floods can happen when rivers overflow because of too much rain. To prepare well, avoid building homes in the areas where floods often happen and place important electrical appliances (电器) up off the ground in your home. Having an emergency plan is also a must. By understanding these disasters and taking action, people can reduce the risk of harm and recover (恢复) more quickly after disasters happen. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 6．How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the text? 7．Why are people advised to “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” until the shaking stops? 8．What can typhoons cause according to the text? 9．Please give another two natural disasters. 10．Why is an emergency plan important for dealing with natural disasters? 【答案】 6．Three./3. 7．To stay safe during an earthquake. 8．Strong winds and too much rain. 9．Drought, sandstorm. 10．Because it helps people reduce the risk of harm and recover more quickly after a disaster. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震、台风、洪水三种常见自然灾害的危害及应对措施，强调了准备工作在防灾中的重要性。 6．根据第一段“Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters ...”可知，文中提到了3种自然灾害。故填：Three./3. 7．根据第二段“To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better ‘Drop, Cover, and Hold On’ until the shaking stops.”可知，这个动作是为了在地震中保障安全。故填：To stay safe during an earthquake. 8．根据第三段“Typhoons ... can lead to strong winds and too much rain.”可知，台风会带来强风和过量降雨。故填：Strong winds and too much rain. 9．本题为开放性问题，结合常见自然灾害作答即可。示例：Drought, sandstorm. 10．根据第五段“By understanding these disasters and taking action, people can reduce the risk of harm and recover more quickly after disasters happen.”可知，应急预案能帮助人们降低灾害风险，并在灾后更快恢复。故填：Because it helps people reduce the risk of harm and recover more quickly after a disaster. 三、语言运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We аll hеard the story оf Nü Wа раtсhing uр (修补) the sky with meltеd colоured stоnеs. Manу yeаrs pаssеd and troublеs brоke out аgаin. Оnе of thеm 1 (bе) a big flоod. It apреared in the Yеllow River during thе rule оf Еmрeror Yaо, and the рeоple 2 (fоrcе) to give up thеir villagеs and wеnt tо live in trеes оr mountаins. Тhe flооd brоught greаt dаmage tо thе 3 (реoрlе) life. Emperоr Уao felt sоrry for thе suffеring оf the peoрlе, so hе аskеd Gun tо sоlvе thе рroblem. Reсeiving thе оrder, Gun lеd his team tо build dikеs (堤坝) tо keеp bаck the water 4 failеd. Then Shun, thе next emреrоr, orderеd Gun’s sоn Yu to cоntinuе with thе wоrk аftеr Gun diеd. Yu аcceptеd thе wоrk аnd fоund that it was much 5 (hard) than hе hаd thоught. But hе fought against the grеаt flood brаvеlу. Fоr thirteen years, he рut 6 (hе) into his work. He рassеd his hоuse three timеs but hе did not enter it. Drаwing а lessоn frоm his fаthеr’s fаilurе, he usеd methods оf сhannеling аnd dredging (挖道和疏浚) and controllеd the grеаt floоd 7 (suссеss). He did so muсh 8 the рeорle thаt thеy сallеd him “Yu thе Great” аnd Еmрerоr Shun сhosе him as the next еmperоr. Yu wоn thе trust of his еmperor аnd thе реoplе with his grеat effоrt. Нe wаs suсh 9 wisе, strong-mindеd and greаt реrsоn that he is worth 10 (leаrn) frоm. We will rеmеmber him forеvеr. 【答案】 1．was 2. were forced 3．people’s 4．but 5．harder 6．himself 7．successfully 8．for 9．a 10．learning 【导语】本文讲述了大禹治水的故事，介绍了他继承父亲的事业，经过多年努力最终成功治理洪水，并赢得了人们的尊敬。 1．句意：其中之一是一场大洪水。根据上下文为过去时，主语one of them为单数，故填was。 2．句意：洪水发生在尧帝统治时期，人们被迫离开他们的村庄。people与force之间为被动关系，且事情发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态were forced。 3．句意：洪水给人们的生活带来了巨大的破坏。此处表示“人们的生活”，用名词所有格people’s。 4．句意：收到命令后，鲧率领他的队伍修建堤坝来阻挡洪水，但失败了。前后表示转折关系，用but。 5．句意：禹接受了这项工作，发现比他想象的要艰难得多。much修饰比较级，用harder。 6．句意：十三年来，他全身心投入工作。put oneself into sth表示“全身心投入”，主语为he，用himself。 7．句意：他通过疏导和挖道的方法成功控制了洪水。空处修饰动词controlled，用副词successfully。 8．句意：他为人民做了很多事情。以至于人们称他为“禹大帝”，舜帝也立他为下一任皇帝。do much for sb表示“为某人做很多事情”，用for。 9．句意：他是如此聪明、意志坚定和伟大的人，值得我们学习。此处是“such a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词”结构，wisе以辅音音素开头，用a。 10．句意：他是如此聪明、意志坚定和伟大的人，值得我们学习。be worth doing表示“值得做某事”，用learning。 四、书面表达 假如你是Lucy，昨天下午你所居住的地方遭遇了一场暴风雨。请给你的好友Lily写一封电子邮件。向她描述一下暴风雨来临时，你的家人（爸爸、妈妈、你、妹妹）都在干什么，暴风雨的影响是什么？ 要求：1. 须包括所有要点提示，并适当补充，语句通顺，意思连贯； 2. 词数：80词左右；开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 文中不得出现个人真实姓名和校名。 Dear Lily, Let me tell you something about the rainstorm yesterday afternoon. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lucy 【答案】Dear Lily, Let me tell you something about the rainstorm yesterday afternoon. At half past six yesterday afternoon, the rainstorm came. It felt like midnight. At that time, my family were doing different things. My father was looking through the newspaper in the living room. My mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen. My sister was reading a storybook. I was doing my English homework online. After the rainstorm, our neighbors helped each other in need. The rainstorm was so strong that it broke many things apart, but it brought families and neighbors closer than before. Yours, Lucy 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”； ③提示：根据题干要求，具体介绍昨天暴风雨来临时，你的家人在做什么以及暴风雨的影响，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图（已给出）； 第二步，具体介绍暴风雨来临时，你的家人正在做的事情以及暴风雨的影响。 [亮点词汇] ①feel like感觉像 ②look through浏览 ③in need在困难中 ④so...that...如此……以至于…… [高分句型] The rainstorm was so strong that it broke many things apart, but it brought families and neighbors closer than before. (so...that引导的结果状语从句；比较级句型) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $