新人教版八下 Unit4 Section A 分层作业-八年级英语下册【趣味课堂】精品课件（新人教版）

新人教版八下 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature Section A 分层作业 英语 班级：_________ 姓名：_________ 学号：________ 基础训练 1、 词汇。根据汉语提示或要求完成句子。 1．A life without goals is much ____________ (empty) than a busy one. 2．He is the ____________ (old) of the twins, but he looks younger. 3．Who is the ____________ (friendly) person you know? 4．He is the ____________ (clever) of the three boys. 5．Of all the students, Lily works the ____________ (hard). 6．He is taller than me.（用“as…as”表达否定） I am not ________ ________ ________ him. 7．He is the cleverest boy in his class. (改为比较级句式) He is __________ ________ any other boy in his class. 8．This book is more interesting than that one. (改为同义句) That book is _________ interesting ________ this one. 9．我认为读书比打游戏更有用。 I think reading is ________ __________ than playing games. 10．你练习得越多，你的发音就会越好。 ________ ________ you practice, ________ ________ your pronunciation will be. 2、 单项选择。 （ ）1．I ________ whether he will come to the party tomorrow. A．wonder B．wander C．watch D．want （ ）2．This is one of the ________ books I have ever read. A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting （ ）3．This building is twice as ________ as that one. A．high B．higher C．the highest D．highest （ ）4．Of the two ways to solve the math problem, Mr. Wang said the first one was ________. A．simple B．simpler C．the simpler D．the simplest （ ）5．The instructions on the medicine bottle say: if you feel ________ after taking it, stop and see a doctor. A．bad B．worse C．worst D．the worst （ ）6．Shanghai Disneyland is ________ theme park in China, attracting millions of visitors every year. A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular D．most popular （ ）7．—If we plant ________ trees, our city will become ________ beautiful. —I can’t agree more. Let’s act now! A．more; more B．more; much C．much; more D．the more; the more （ ）8．—What do you think of the two novels? —This one is good, but I think that one is ________. The plot is more moving. A．meaningful B．more meaningful C．the most meaningful D．most meaningful （ ）9．This new phone is ________ that old one. I want to buy it. A．as expensive as B．not so expensive as C．more expensive than D．the most expensive of （ ）10．Knowledge is like the spring water. The ________ we dig, the ________ clear water we can get. A．deeper; much B．deep; more C．deeper; more D．deep; much 3、 选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 we   river   important   side   face   activity   be   good   person   five The Yellow River, also known as Huang He, is the second longest river in China and the 1 longest river in the world. It is also one of the most important 2 in China. And Chinese people always consider the Yellow River as the “Mother River”. Its color is different from that of other rivers. The color is affected by the abundance of sediment (沉淀物) it carries. The Yellow River is of great 3 to the Chinese nation. It is the place where the Chinese nation 4 born and developed. The Yellow River has been a source (源头) of water for agriculture (农业) for thousands of years, and has helped to keep the growth of the Chinese nation. However, everything has two 5 . The river has flooded many times in history. And it caused great damage (损失) and death. In order to control the floods, the Chinese government has built a lot of dams (大坝) along the river. Unluckily, the Yellow River is 6 great challenges today, including pollution, overuse of water and so on. These problems are mainly (主要) caused by human 7 . For example, some of 8 like to use one-off plastic bags (一次性塑料袋) and drop litter here and there. Besides, people cut down trees for their needs. Taking care of the Yellow River is every 9 duty. By working together, we believe that the Yellow River will become much 10 . We can also make sure that it continues to be an important symbol of Chinese culture and history. 4、 阅读理解 （A） Ancient Wonder: The Pyramids of Egypt The Pyramids of Egypt are one of the world’s most amazing ancient wonders. They lie on the west bank of the Nile River near Cairo. Built over 4,500 years ago, they were tombs for Egyptian pharaohs (法老). The Great Pyramid of Khufu is the largest and most famous. It is made of huge stone blocks, and ancient Egyptians built it without modern machines. Their building skills still surprise people today. As a cultural treasure, the pyramids attract millions of visitors each year and show the wisdom of early human beings. ________ The Great Wall is a great treasure and pride of China. It runs across northern China with a total length of more than 20,000 kilometres. It was first built to protect the country from enemies. Made of stone, brick and earth, it crosses mountains and valleys. Many dynasties worked on its construction (建造) and repair. Now it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Great Wall shows the hard work and courage of the Chinese people. Every year, tourists from all over the world come to enjoy its great beauty. Mountain Mystery: Machu Picchu Machu Picchu is a wonderful mystery in the Andes Mountains of Peru. It was an ancient Inca city built in the 15th century. It remained hidden for hundreds of years until 1911. The city has temples, houses and stone terraces (台阶). The stones fit perfectly without cement (水泥). It is known as the “Lost City of the Incas”. Its great design and natural views make it famous worldwide. As a world heritage site, it shows the great creativity of the Inca people. （ ）1．In which section of a newspaper can we probably read this passage? A．Sports & Festival B．Culture & Travel C．Science & Space D．Health & Education （ ）2．Why did ancient Egyptians build the Pyramids? A．To attract visitors from all over the world. B．To show their amazing building skills. C．To be tombs for Egyptian pharaohs. D．To become a world ancient wonder. （ ）3．Which of the following is the best heading for the second news? A．Ancient Technology: The Materials of the Great Wall B．Tourism Development: A World Heritage Site C．Hard Work: Ancient Chinese People D．Chinese Treasure: The Great Wall （ ）4．What can we infer about Machu Picchu from the passage? A．People didn’t discover it until 1911. B．It was built with the help of modern machines. C．It is the oldest city in the Andes Mountains. D．The Incas built it with plenty of cement. （ ）5．What do the three places have in common according to the passage? A．They were all built in mountain areas. B．They were all built over 4,500 years ago. C．They were all used for protecting against enemies. D．They all show the wisdom or creativity of ancient people. （B） The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, with a length of about 5,464 kilometres. It is often called China’s “mother river”, because it helped ancient Chinese civilizations develop thousands of years ago. For centuries, the river has been a key part of Chinese history and culture. Hukou Waterfall is one of the most famous sights on the Yellow River. It lies on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, near Yan’an. The waterfall gets its name from its shape—it looks like a huge pot holding the rushing water. Every year, millions of visitors come to enjoy its powerful, beautiful view. Hukou Waterfall and the Yellow River have had a great influence on Yan’an for a long time. First, the river brings rich soil to the land around Yan’an, which helps local people grow crops. Second, the waterfall is an important tourist attraction. It brings in visitors, creates jobs for local people, and helps the local economy grow. Third, the Yellow River is a symbol of the Chinese spirit. In Yan’an, the river has become a part of people’s life and culture, reminding them of the hard-working spirit of the Chinese nation. Today, we still need to protect the Yellow River and Hukou Waterfall at all costs. We should keep the river clean and take good care of this great natural wonder. （ ）6．How long is the Yellow River? A．About 6,300 kilometres. B．About 5,464 kilometres. C．About 6,671 kilometres. D．About 11,000 kilometres. （ ）7．Why is the Yellow River called China’s “mother river”? A．Because it is the longest river in China. B．Because it has the most beautiful waterfall. C．Because it supported ancient Chinese civilizations. D．Because it brings water to all parts of China. （ ）8．Where is Hukou Waterfall located? A．Near Yan’an, on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi. B．In the center of Yan’an city. C．At the bottom of the Mariana Trench. D．In the Taklimakan Desert. （ ）9．Which of the following is NOT an influence of the Yellow River on Yan’an? A．It brings rich soil for farming. B．It helps develop the local tourist industry. C．It becomes a symbol of the Chinese spirit. D．It makes the land around Yan’an too dry to live on. （ ）10．What does the writer ask us to do in the last paragraph? A．To visit Hukou Waterfall every year. B．To protect the Yellow River and the waterfall. C．To learn more about Chinese history. D．To grow more crops along the river. （C） Jiuzhaigou, located in Sichuan Province, is one of the most beautiful natural scenic spots in China. It was listed as a World Natural Heritage Site in 1992, and it is famous for its colourful lakes, waterfalls and snow-capped mountains. The name “Jiuzhaigou” means “the valley of nine Tibetan villages”. There are nine traditional Tibetan villages in the valley, and the local people live in harmony with nature. The most amazing part of Jiuzhaigou is its lakes. The water of the lakes is in different colours-blue, green, turquoise and even red. The colours change with the light and the season, which makes the lakes look like precious gemstones. The reason for the colourful water is the special minerals (矿物质) and algae (藻类) in the lake bed, which shows the sunlight in different ways. Jiuzhaigou has more than 100 lakes and waterfalls. The Nuorilang Waterfall is the most famous one. It is 27 meters high and 270 meters wide, and it is the widest calcified (钙化) waterfall in China. When the water falls down from the mountain, it makes a loud sound, and the water flies everywhere. Standing in front of the waterfall, you will feel the power of nature. In addition to lakes and waterfalls, Jiuzhaigou also has beautiful forests and snow-covered mountains. The forest is home to many special animals and plants, such as giant pandas, golden monkeys and Chinese dove trees. Jiuzhaigou is a place of natural beauty. It is a gift from nature to humans. However, it was once damaged (破坏) by an earthquake in 2017. After years of repair and protection, most of the scenic spots have been reopened to the public. We should cherish this beautiful place and protect it well, so that it can always keep its beauty. （ ）11．Jiuzhaigou is famous for many things EXCEPT _________. A．colourful lakes B．waterfalls C．snow-covered mountains D．ancient buildings （ ）12．The lakes in Jiuzhaigou have different colours mainly because of _________. A．the clean rainwater around the mountains B．special minerals and algae in the lake bed C．the waste from the Tibetan villages D．the high mountains around the valley （ ）13．What is special about Nuorilang Waterfall? A．It is the highest waterfall in China. B．It is the widest calcified waterfall in China. C．It has the loudest sound among Chinese waterfalls. D．It never freezes even in winter. （ ）14．Which of the following is TRUE about Jiuzhaigou’s forest? A． No rare animals live there. B．It provides a home for special plants and animals. C．It was completely destroyed in the earthquake. D．There are only a few kinds of plants in it. （ ）15．We can learn from the last paragraph that _________. A． Jiuzhaigou is still closed to visitors now B．nature cannot repair the damage by itself C．humans should protect Jiuzhaigou and keep its beauty D．the earthquake made Jiuzhaigou lose all its beauty 拓展提升 一、完型填空。 The Nile is the 1 river in Africa and one of the longest rivers on Earth. It runs through several countries and has nurtured life for thousands of years. Many people have 2 about this amazing river, but few get to see it with their own eyes. Last year, I was lucky enough to visit the Nile. When I stood by its clear water, I was truly shocked by its beauty. The ancient Egyptians greatly 3 the Nile. It provided water for their fields, so they could 4 crops and feed their people. That’s how the great Egyptian civilization 5 to grow and become strong. The Nile is not just a river. It 6 brings water to the land, but also brings hope to millions of people. The land along the river is green and rich, 7 many animals and plants call it home. People now try to 8 the Nile and make good use of its water. They want to keep it clean and peaceful for the future. To me, the Nile is a wonder of nature. It tells us that water is of great 9 to all living things. Whenever I look back at this experience, I 10 thankful and proud to have seen such a great gift from nature. （ ）1．A．longest B．widest C．deepest D．highest （ ）2．A．heard B．watched C．found D．written （ ）3．A．depended on B．looked for C．gave up D．took away （ ）4．A．grow B．cut C．waste D．drink （ ）5．A．continued B．stopped C．imagined D．accepted （ ）6．A．not only B．either C．both D．neither （ ）7．A．so B．if C．though D．before （ ）8．A．protect B．break C．sell D．change （ ）9．A．importance B．interest C．fun D．taste （ ）10．A．feel B．smell C．sound D．turn 2、 任务型阅读 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 World wonders are divided into two main types: natural wonders and man-made wonders. Both of them have stood the test of time and remain precious treasures for all humanity(人类). 1 They not only show the power of nature but also reflect the wisdom of humans. First, let’s talk about man-made wonders. The Taj Mahal in India is one of the most beautiful ones. 2 It was built by a king as a tomb for his beloved(挚爱的)wife and has a history of nearly 400 years. With its white marble(大理石)buildings and beautiful gardens, it has become a popular tourist spot that attracts people from all over the world. Next, let’s look at some natural wonders. 3 It is the largest desert in Africa, covering a large area with golden sand dunes(沙丘). It is home to many special animals, such as camels and desert foxes, making it a unique natural wonder. However, it is now facing danger due to desertification(荒漠化) and climate change. Besides the Sahara Desert, there is another famous natural wonder-Victoria Falls in Zambia and Zimbabwe. 4 The water falls from a high cliff(悬崖),making a loud noise and a beautiful rainbow. Many people visit it every year to experience its grand beauty. In short, these world wonders are not just beautiful. 5 They teach us about nature’s power and human wisdom, and remind us to protect our planet and these precious treasures. A．It is a beautiful building that shows the love and wisdom of ancient Indian people. B．The Sahara Desert is a natural wonder worth exploring. C．They carry rich cultural and natural meanings. D．It is one of the largest waterfalls in the world and is famous for its grand view. E．There are many famous world wonders that we should know about. 阅读短文，并按要求完成下面小题。 Mount Huangshan Mount Huangshan is in the south of Anhui Province. It is one of the most famous mountains in China. It is also one of the greatest natural wonders in the world. Mount Huangshan is famous for four wonders: strange pine trees, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. Every year, millions of tourists come to visit it. The strange pine trees are very special. They grow in the rocks. Some are tall and some are short. Some are straight and some are curved. The strange rocks have different shapes. Some look like animals, such as monkeys, lions and camels. Some look like humans. The sea of clouds is very beautiful. When you stand on the top of the mountain, you can see clouds around you. It looks like a wonderful world. The hot springs are clear and clean. They can help people keep healthy. Many people say Mount Huangshan is the most beautiful mountain in China. If you visit it, you will never forget it. 6．Where is Mount Huangshan? 7．What are the four wonders of Mount Huangshan? 8．Where do the strange pine trees grow? 9．What do the strange rocks look like? 10．What can the hot springs help people do? 三、语言运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The deep sea is one of the most amazing and least known places on Earth. The Mariana Trench is the 1 (deep) point in the world’s oceans, about 11,000 2 (metre) below sea level. Many countries are 3 (research) the deep sea. People’s curiosity (好奇心) about the unknown world leads 4 (they) to keep exploring. In 2020, China’s manned (载人的) submersible Fendouzhe 5 (dive) to the bottom of the trench and 6 (film) the deep-sea environment. Life in the deep sea is special and strange. Many deep-sea animals are large and 7 (usual). Some can even make their own light. The famous Titanic lies 8 (quiet) about 3,800 metres under the water. However, the deep sea is in danger. We can even find rubbish at the greatest depths. It is 9 (harm) to sea life. It’s time for us 10 (take) action and protect our oceans. 四、书面表达 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tony对中国的自然奇观很感兴趣，请你给他写一封电子邮件，介绍你最喜欢的中国自然奇观——黄山。 要求： 1. 语句通顺，语法正确； 2. 包含位置、特点、你的感受； 3. 80词左右。 Dear Tony, I’m glad to hear that you are interested in natural wonders in China. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新人教版八下 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature Section A 分层作业 英语（全解全析） 班级：_________ 姓名：_________ 学号：________ 基础训练 1、 词汇。根据汉语提示或要求完成句子。 1．A life without goals is much ____________ (empty) than a busy one. 【答案】emptier 【详解】句意：没有目标的生活比忙碌的生活空虚得多。“empty”为形容词，much修饰比较级，empty的比较级为emptier。 2．He is the ____________ (old) of the twins, but he looks younger. 【答案】older 【详解】句意：他是双胞胎中年纪较大的，但他看起来更年轻。句中范围是twins（双胞胎，一共两者），表达“两者中更……的那一个”，要用“the+形容词比较级+of+范围”的结构。old的比较级是older。 3．Who is the ____________ (friendly) person you know? 【答案】most friendly/friendliest 【详解】句意：你认识的最友好的人是谁？句中有“the”和“you know”，表示在一定范围内进行最高级比较，因此要用形容词的最高级。“friendly ”是双音节形容词，最高级为“most friendly”和“friendliest”，两种写法都正确，故填most friendly/friendliest。 4．He is the ____________ (clever) of the three boys. 【答案】cleverest 【详解】句意：他是三个男孩中最聪明的一个。当比较范围是三者及以上时，需要用形容词最高级。句中是“of the three boys”之间的比较，clever“聪明的”的最高级形式为规则的变化，直接在词尾加-est，故填cleverest。 5．Of all the students, Lily works the ____________ (hard). 【答案】hardest 【详解】句意：在所有的学生中，Lily工作最努力。根据“Of all the students”可知，表示在所有学生中比较，需用副词的最高级形式修饰动词“works”，“hard”的最高级是“hardest”，副词最高级前可加“the”，题干已给出，故填hardest。 6．He is taller than me.（用“as…as”表达否定） I am not ________ ________ ________ him. 【答案】 as tall as 【详解】句意：他比我更高。原句中“taller than”是关键信息，表示“比……更高”。本句要求使用“not as.…as”结构进行同义句转换，意为“不如……那样……”。在该结构中，两个as之间需使用形容词的原级形式。taller的原级为tall“高的”。 7．He is the cleverest boy in his class. (改为比较级句式) He is __________ ________ any other boy in his class. 【答案】 cleverer than 【详解】句意：他是班里最聪明的男孩。cleverest是clever的最高级，其比较级为cleverer；比较级中用than引出比较对象any other boy。故填cleverer；than。 8．This book is more interesting than that one. (改为同义句) That book is _________ interesting ________ this one. 【答案】 less than 【详解】句意：这本书比那本书更有趣。more interesting表示“更有趣”，其反义表达为less interesting，表示“没那么有趣、不如……有趣”，比较级中用than引出比较对象。故填less；than。 9．我认为读书比打游戏更有用。 I think reading is ________ __________ than playing games. 【答案】 more useful 【详解】原句中“更有用”是关键词。句中“than”是形容词比较级的标志，说明这里需填形容词useful“有用的”比较级形式；它是多音节形容词，多音节形容词变比较级规则是在词前加more。 10．你练习得越多，你的发音就会越好。 ________ ________ you practice, ________ ________ your pronunciation will be. 【答案】 The more the better 【详解】原句中“……越多……越好”是关键词。“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越……就越……”，表示“越多”的单词是the more，表示“越好”的单词是the better。 2、 单项选择。 （ ）1．I ________ whether he will come to the party tomorrow. A．wonder B．wander C．watch D．want 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想知道他明天是否会来参加派对。 wonder想知道；wander漫步；watch观看；want想要。根据“whether he will come to the party tomorrow”，是想知道明天他是否会来参加聚会，应填wonder。 （ ）2．This is one of the ________ books I have ever read. A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我读过的最有趣的书之一。 根据“I have ever read”和固定结构“one of the+最高级+名词复数”可知，此处应用最高级，且最高级前需加定冠词“the”，题干已给出。应填most interesting。 （ ）3．This building is twice as ________ as that one. A．high B．higher C．the highest D．highest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这座建筑物是那座的两倍高。 high高的；higher更高的；the highest最高的；highest最高的。根据“twice as ... as”结构可知，中间应接形容词原级，表示“是……的几倍”。 （ ）4．Of the two ways to solve the math problem, Mr. Wang said the first one was ________. A．simple B．simpler C．the simpler D．the simplest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在解决这个数学问题的两种方法中，王老师说第一种是更简单的那一个。考查形容词比较级的特指用法。 simple简单的；simpler更简单的；the simpler更简单的那一个；the simplest最简单的。根据句首“Of the two ways”可知是两者之间的比较，应用比较级，排除原级A和最高级D。当特指两者中“较……的一个”时，比较级前需加定冠词the，此处特指第一种方法是两种中较简单的那一个。故选C。 （ ）5．The instructions on the medicine bottle say: if you feel ________ after taking it, stop and see a doctor. A．bad B．worse C．worst D．the worst 【答案】B 【详解】句意：药瓶上的说明书写着：如果你服药后感觉更糟了，停止服药并去看医生。 bad坏的（原级）；worse更糟的（比较级）；worst最糟的（最高级）。根据语境中的“after taking it”可知，此处隐含着服药后与服药前身体状况的对比，即如果感觉比之前“更糟”。表示两者（服药前后）状态的比较需使用形容词比较级。worse符合“感觉更不舒服”的逻辑。 （ ）6．Shanghai Disneyland is ________ theme park in China, attracting millions of visitors every year. A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular D．most popular 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上海迪士尼乐园是中国最受欢迎的主题公园，每年吸引数百万游客。 popular受欢迎的，原级；more popular更受欢迎的，比较级；the most popular最受欢迎的，最高级；most popular最受欢迎的，最高级。根据已明确的比较范围状语“in China”可知，此处表示在中国所有主题公园中进行比较，应用最高级。“popular”是多音节形容词，最高级为“the most popular”，且最高级前通常需加定冠词。 （ ）7．—If we plant ________ trees, our city will become ________ beautiful. —I can’t agree more. Let’s act now! A．more; more B．more; much C．much; more D．the more; the more 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——如果我们种更多的树，我们的城市将变得更美丽。——我再同意不过了。让我们现在行动吧！ 第一空修饰可数名词复数trees，表示“更多的”，应用more；第二空修饰形容词beautiful，构成比较级“更美丽”，应用more beautiful。 （ ）8．—What do you think of the two novels? —This one is good, but I think that one is ________. The plot is more moving. A．meaningful B．more meaningful C．the most meaningful D．most meaningful 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你觉得这两本小说怎么样？——这本不错，但我认为那本更有意义。情节更动人。 meaningful有意义的；more meaningful更有意义的；the most meaningful最有意义的；most meaningful最有意义的。根据“the two novels”可知是两者之间的比较，应用比较级。且后句“The plot is more moving”也使用了比较级，符合语境。 （ ）9．This new phone is ________ that old one. I want to buy it. A．as expensive as B．not so expensive as C．more expensive than D．the most expensive of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这部新手机不如那部旧手机贵。我想买它。 as expensive as和……一样贵；not so expensive as不如……贵；more expensive than比……贵；the most expensive of在……中最贵。根据后半句“I want to buy it”可知，说话者想购买新手机，说明新手机在价格上更有优势。A项表示同级比较，C项表示程度更高，D项为最高级且搭配不当。只有B项表示前者不如后者，即价格更低，符合语境逻辑。 （ ）10．Knowledge is like the spring water. The ________ we dig, the ________ clear water we can get. A．deeper; much B．deep; more C．deeper; more D．deep; much 【答案】C 【详解】句意：知识就像泉水。我们挖得越深，就能得到越多清澈的水。 根据“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”，应填deeper; more。 3、 选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 we   river   important   side   face   activity   be   good   person   five The Yellow River, also known as Huang He, is the second longest river in China and the 1 longest river in the world. It is also one of the most important 2 in China. And Chinese people always consider the Yellow River as the “Mother River”. Its color is different from that of other rivers. The color is affected by the abundance of sediment (沉淀物) it carries. The Yellow River is of great 3 to the Chinese nation. It is the place where the Chinese nation 4 born and developed. The Yellow River has been a source (源头) of water for agriculture (农业) for thousands of years, and has helped to keep the growth of the Chinese nation. However, everything has two 5 . The river has flooded many times in history. And it caused great damage (损失) and death. In order to control the floods, the Chinese government has built a lot of dams (大坝) along the river. Unluckily, the Yellow River is 6 great challenges today, including pollution, overuse of water and so on. These problems are mainly (主要) caused by human 7 . For example, some of 8 like to use one-off plastic bags (一次性塑料袋) and drop litter here and there. Besides, people cut down trees for their needs. Taking care of the Yellow River is every 9 duty. By working together, we believe that the Yellow River will become much 10 . We can also make sure that it continues to be an important symbol of Chinese culture and history. 【答案】 1．fifth 2．rivers 3．importance 4．was 5．sides 6．facing 7．activities 8．us 9．person’s 10．better 【导语】本文介绍了黄河的地理地位、文化意义、历史上的洪灾问题以及当前面临的污染与过度用水等挑战，呼吁人们共同保护黄河，使其继续作为中华文化的重要象征。 1．句意：它是中国第二长河，也是世界第五长河。“the...longest river in the world”表示“世界第五长河”，需用序数词修饰形容词最高级。选项“five”的序数词“fifth”符合语法。 2．句意：它也是中国最重要的河流之一。“one of the most important...”表示“最重要的……之一”，需用名词复数形式。选项“river”的复数“rivers”符合语义。 3．句意：黄河对中华民族非常重要。“of great...”表示“非常重要的”，需用名词作介词宾语。选项“important”的名词形式“importance”符合语义，构成“of great importance”短语。 4．句意：它是中华民族诞生和发展的地方。“the Chinese nation...born”表示“中华民族诞生”，需用动词过去式构成被动语态。选项“be”的过去式“was”符合语法。 5．句意：然而，每件事都有两面性。“everything has two...”表示“每件事都有两面”，需用名词复数形式。选项“side”的复数“sides”符合语义，表示“方面、侧面”。 6．句意：不幸的是，黄河今天面临着巨大的挑战。“the Yellow River is...great challenges”表示“黄河正面临着巨大的挑战”，需用动词的现在分词构成现在进行时。选项“face”的现在分词“facing”符合语义，表示“面对”。 7．句意：这些问题主要是由人类活动引起的。“human...”表示“人类活动”，需用名词复数形式。选项“activity”的复数“activities”符合语义，表示“活动”。 8．句意：例如，我们中的一些人喜欢使用一次性塑料袋并到处乱扔垃圾。“some of...”表示“我们中的一些人”，需用代词宾格作介词宾语。选项“we”的宾格“us”符合语法。 9．句意：保护黄河是每个人的责任。“every...duty”表示“每个人的责任”，需用名词所有格作定语。选项“person”的名词所有格“person’s”符合语法。 10．句意：我们相信黄河会变得更好。“become much...”表示“变得更好”，需用形容词比较级作表语。选项“good”的比较级“better”符合语义。 4、 阅读理解 （A） Ancient Wonder: The Pyramids of Egypt The Pyramids of Egypt are one of the world’s most amazing ancient wonders. They lie on the west bank of the Nile River near Cairo. Built over 4,500 years ago, they were tombs for Egyptian pharaohs (法老). The Great Pyramid of Khufu is the largest and most famous. It is made of huge stone blocks, and ancient Egyptians built it without modern machines. Their building skills still surprise people today. As a cultural treasure, the pyramids attract millions of visitors each year and show the wisdom of early human beings. ________ The Great Wall is a great treasure and pride of China. It runs across northern China with a total length of more than 20,000 kilometres. It was first built to protect the country from enemies. Made of stone, brick and earth, it crosses mountains and valleys. Many dynasties worked on its construction (建造) and repair. Now it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Great Wall shows the hard work and courage of the Chinese people. Every year, tourists from all over the world come to enjoy its great beauty. Mountain Mystery: Machu Picchu Machu Picchu is a wonderful mystery in the Andes Mountains of Peru. It was an ancient Inca city built in the 15th century. It remained hidden for hundreds of years until 1911. The city has temples, houses and stone terraces (台阶). The stones fit perfectly without cement (水泥). It is known as the “Lost City of the Incas”. Its great design and natural views make it famous worldwide. As a world heritage site, it shows the great creativity of the Inca people. （ ）1．In which section of a newspaper can we probably read this passage? A．Sports & Festival B．Culture & Travel C．Science & Space D．Health & Education （ ）2．Why did ancient Egyptians build the Pyramids? A．To attract visitors from all over the world. B．To show their amazing building skills. C．To be tombs for Egyptian pharaohs. D．To become a world ancient wonder. （ ）3．Which of the following is the best heading for the second news? A．Ancient Technology: The Materials of the Great Wall B．Tourism Development: A World Heritage Site C．Hard Work: Ancient Chinese People D．Chinese Treasure: The Great Wall （ ）4．What can we infer about Machu Picchu from the passage? A．People didn’t discover it until 1911. B．It was built with the help of modern machines. C．It is the oldest city in the Andes Mountains. D．The Incas built it with plenty of cement. （ ）5．What do the three places have in common according to the passage? A．They were all built in mountain areas. B．They were all built over 4,500 years ago. C．They were all used for protecting against enemies. D．They all show the wisdom or creativity of ancient people. 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍埃及金字塔、中国长城、秘鲁马丘比丘三处世界古迹的背景、特点和文化价值。 1．文章介绍了三处世界文化古迹，还提及各自吸引游客的内容，对应报纸的“文化与旅游”版面。 2．第一段明确提到：“Built over 4,500 years ago, they were tombs for Egyptian pharaohs (法老).”，这说明埃及金字塔是4500多年前为埃及法老建造的坟墓，这是其建造原因。 3．第二段围绕中国长城展开，介绍其是中国的瑰宝与骄傲、建造背景等，“中国瑰宝：长城”能概括该段核心。 4．第三段明确提到：“It remained hidden for hundreds of years until 1911.”，这说明马丘比丘隐藏了数百年，直到1911年才被发现。 5．金字塔体现古埃及人的智慧，长城体现中国人的拼搏，马丘比丘体现印加人的创造力，三者均展现了古代人类的智慧或创造力。 （B） The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, with a length of about 5,464 kilometres. It is often called China’s “mother river”, because it helped ancient Chinese civilizations develop thousands of years ago. For centuries, the river has been a key part of Chinese history and culture. Hukou Waterfall is one of the most famous sights on the Yellow River. It lies on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, near Yan’an. The waterfall gets its name from its shape—it looks like a huge pot holding the rushing water. Every year, millions of visitors come to enjoy its powerful, beautiful view. Hukou Waterfall and the Yellow River have had a great influence on Yan’an for a long time. First, the river brings rich soil to the land around Yan’an, which helps local people grow crops. Second, the waterfall is an important tourist attraction. It brings in visitors, creates jobs for local people, and helps the local economy grow. Third, the Yellow River is a symbol of the Chinese spirit. In Yan’an, the river has become a part of people’s life and culture, reminding them of the hard-working spirit of the Chinese nation. Today, we still need to protect the Yellow River and Hukou Waterfall at all costs. We should keep the river clean and take good care of this great natural wonder. （ ）6．How long is the Yellow River? A．About 6,300 kilometres. B．About 5,464 kilometres. C．About 6,671 kilometres. D．About 11,000 kilometres. （ ）7．Why is the Yellow River called China’s “mother river”? A．Because it is the longest river in China. B．Because it has the most beautiful waterfall. C．Because it supported ancient Chinese civilizations. D．Because it brings water to all parts of China. （ ）8．Where is Hukou Waterfall located? A．Near Yan’an, on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi. B．In the center of Yan’an city. C．At the bottom of the Mariana Trench. D．In the Taklimakan Desert. （ ）9．Which of the following is NOT an influence of the Yellow River on Yan’an? A．It brings rich soil for farming. B．It helps develop the local tourist industry. C．It becomes a symbol of the Chinese spirit. D．It makes the land around Yan’an too dry to live on. （ ）10．What does the writer ask us to do in the last paragraph? A．To visit Hukou Waterfall every year. B．To protect the Yellow River and the waterfall. C．To learn more about Chinese history. D．To grow more crops along the river. 【答案】 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了黄河的长度、文化意义，以及壶口瀑布的地理位置和对延安地区的影响，最后呼吁保护黄河及壶口瀑布。 6．第一段指出：“with a length of about 5,464 kilometres”，说明黄河长约5464公里。 7．第一段指出：“because it helped ancient Chinese civilizations develop thousands of years ago”，说明黄河被称为母亲河是因为它孕育了古代中华文明。 8．第二段指出：“It lies on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, near Yan’an.”，说明壶口瀑布位于山西和陕西交界处，靠近延安。 9．第三段列举了黄河对延安的影响：带来肥沃土壤“the river brings rich soil to the land around Yan’an”、促进旅游业“the waterfall is an important tourist attraction. It brings in visitors, creates jobs”、象征中国精神“a symbol of the Chinese spirit”，未提及“使土地过于干燥无法居住”。因此D项与文意不符。 10．最后一段指出：“we still need to protect the Yellow River and Hukou Waterfall”，说明作者呼吁保护黄河和壶口瀑布。 （C） Jiuzhaigou, located in Sichuan Province, is one of the most beautiful natural scenic spots in China. It was listed as a World Natural Heritage Site in 1992, and it is famous for its colourful lakes, waterfalls and snow-capped mountains. The name “Jiuzhaigou” means “the valley of nine Tibetan villages”. There are nine traditional Tibetan villages in the valley, and the local people live in harmony with nature. The most amazing part of Jiuzhaigou is its lakes. The water of the lakes is in different colours-blue, green, turquoise and even red. The colours change with the light and the season, which makes the lakes look like precious gemstones. The reason for the colourful water is the special minerals (矿物质) and algae (藻类) in the lake bed, which shows the sunlight in different ways. Jiuzhaigou has more than 100 lakes and waterfalls. The Nuorilang Waterfall is the most famous one. It is 27 meters high and 270 meters wide, and it is the widest calcified (钙化) waterfall in China. When the water falls down from the mountain, it makes a loud sound, and the water flies everywhere. Standing in front of the waterfall, you will feel the power of nature. In addition to lakes and waterfalls, Jiuzhaigou also has beautiful forests and snow-covered mountains. The forest is home to many special animals and plants, such as giant pandas, golden monkeys and Chinese dove trees. Jiuzhaigou is a place of natural beauty. It is a gift from nature to humans. However, it was once damaged (破坏) by an earthquake in 2017. After years of repair and protection, most of the scenic spots have been reopened to the public. We should cherish this beautiful place and protect it well, so that it can always keep its beauty. （ ）11．Jiuzhaigou is famous for many things EXCEPT _________. A．colourful lakes B．waterfalls C．snow-covered mountains D．ancient buildings （ ）12．The lakes in Jiuzhaigou have different colours mainly because of _________. A．the clean rainwater around the mountains B．special minerals and algae in the lake bed C．the waste from the Tibetan villages D．the high mountains around the valley （ ）13．What is special about Nuorilang Waterfall? A．It is the highest waterfall in China. B．It is the widest calcified waterfall in China. C．It has the loudest sound among Chinese waterfalls. D．It never freezes even in winter. （ ）14．Which of the following is TRUE about Jiuzhaigou’s forest? A． No rare animals live there. B．It provides a home for special plants and animals. C．It was completely destroyed in the earthquake. D．There are only a few kinds of plants in it. （ ）15．We can learn from the last paragraph that _________. A． Jiuzhaigou is still closed to visitors now B．nature cannot repair the damage by itself C．humans should protect Jiuzhaigou and keep its beauty D．the earthquake made Jiuzhaigou lose all its beauty 【答案】11．D 12．B 13．B 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文以九寨沟为核心，介绍了它的地理位置、名称含义、标志性景观、生态特点，以及2017年地震后的修复与保护现状，呼吁人们珍视并保护这一自然遗产。 11．第一段结尾处“it is famous for its colourful lakes, waterfalls and snow-capped mountains”，说明九寨沟的特色有色彩斑斓的湖泊、瀑布和雪山，没有古代建筑。 12．第二段“The reason for the colourful water is the special minerals and algae in the lake bed, which shows the sunlight in different ways.”，说明九寨沟的湖水色彩斑斓的原因是湖底特殊的矿物质和藻类，它们以不同的方式反射阳光。 13．第三段“The Nuorilang Waterfall is the most famous…it is the widest calcified waterfall in China. ”，说明诺日朗瀑布的特殊在于它是中国最宽的钙化瀑布。 14．第四段“The forest is home to many special animals and plants”，说明九寨沟的森林是许多珍稀动植物的家园。 15．原文“We should cherish this beautiful place and protect it well, so that it can always keep its beauty.”直接传递了我们人类应该保护九寨沟，让它永远保持原有风采的观点。 拓展提升 一、完型填空。 The Nile is the 1 river in Africa and one of the longest rivers on Earth. It runs through several countries and has nurtured life for thousands of years. Many people have 2 about this amazing river, but few get to see it with their own eyes. Last year, I was lucky enough to visit the Nile. When I stood by its clear water, I was truly shocked by its beauty. The ancient Egyptians greatly 3 the Nile. It provided water for their fields, so they could 4 crops and feed their people. That’s how the great Egyptian civilization 5 to grow and become strong. The Nile is not just a river. It 6 brings water to the land, but also brings hope to millions of people. The land along the river is green and rich, 7 many animals and plants call it home. People now try to 8 the Nile and make good use of its water. They want to keep it clean and peaceful for the future. To me, the Nile is a wonder of nature. It tells us that water is of great 9 to all living things. Whenever I look back at this experience, I 10 thankful and proud to have seen such a great gift from nature. （ ）1．A．longest B．widest C．deepest D．highest （ ）2．A．heard B．watched C．found D．written （ ）3．A．depended on B．looked for C．gave up D．took away （ ）4．A．grow B．cut C．waste D．drink （ ）5．A．continued B．stopped C．imagined D．accepted （ ）6．A．not only B．either C．both D．neither （ ）7．A．so B．if C．though D．before （ ）8．A．protect B．break C．sell D．change （ ）9．A．importance B．interest C．fun D．taste （ ）10．A．feel B．smell C．sound D．turn 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．A 6．A 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了尼罗河的地理地位与历史意义，讲述了作者游览尼罗河的经历，阐述了尼罗河对古埃及文明的滋养、对当代人类与生态的价值，以及人们对尼罗河的保护理念，强调了水对生命的重要性。 1．句意：尼罗河是非洲最长的河流，也是世界上最长的河流之一。 根据后文“one of the longest rivers on Earth”的提示，结合地理常识，尼罗河是非洲最长的河流，longest（最长的）符合语境。widest（最宽的）、deepest（最深的）、highest（最高的）均不符合事实与语境。 2．句意：很多人都听说过这条神奇的河流，但很少有人能亲眼见到它。 根据后文“but few get to see it with their own eyes. ”可知，此处表示听说过。“have heard about”是固定搭配，意为“听说过”，符合 “多数人只听闻、少有人亲眼见” 的语境。watched（观看）、found（发现）、written（书写）不符合语境。 43．句意：古埃及人极度依赖尼罗河。 后文提到尼罗河为古埃及人提供农田用水，说明古埃及人的生存依靠尼罗河，depended on（依赖、依靠）符合语境。looked for（寻找）、gave up（放弃）、took away（带走）均不符合逻辑。 4．句意：它为他们的农田提供水源，因此他们可以种植庄稼、养活人民。 “grow crops”是固定搭配，意为“种植庄稼”，符合“尼罗河提供水源用于农业生产”的语境。cut（切割）、waste（浪费）、drink（饮用）均不符合语境。 5．句意：伟大的埃及文明正是这样持续发展、走向强盛的。 此处表达文明在尼罗河的滋养下不断发展壮大，continued（持续、继续）符合“文明延续发展”的逻辑。stopped（停止）、imagined（想象）、accepted（接受）均不符合语境。 6．句意：它不仅为土地带来水源，还为数百万人带来希望。 后文出现“but also”，构成固定结构“not only...but also...”（不仅…… 而且……），用于连接并列的两个分句，符合语法与语境。either（也，用于否定句）、both（两者都）、neither（两者都不）均无法构成该结构。 7．句意：沿河的土地绿意盎然、土壤肥沃，所以许多动植物都以此为家。 前文“土地肥沃富饶”是原因，后文“动植物以此为家”是结果，so“所以”，符合逻辑。if（如果）、though（虽然）、before（在……之前）均不符合逻辑关系。 8．句意：如今，人们努力保护尼罗河，合理利用它的水资源。 后文提到“人们希望未来保持尼罗河的清洁与安宁”，说明人们的行动是保护河流，protect（保护）符合语境。break（破坏）、sell（售卖）、change（改变）均不符合语境。 9．句意：它告诉我们，水对所有生物都至关重要。 “be of great importance”是固定搭配，意为“非常重要”，符合“水是生命之源”的主旨。interest（兴趣）、fun（乐趣）、taste（味道）均无法构成该搭配，不符合语境。 10．句意：每当我回想起这段经历，我都心怀感激与自豪，能亲眼见到这份来自大自然的珍贵馈赠。 此处表达作者的主观感受，feel（感到）可接形容词“thankful and proud”作表语，符合语境。smell（闻）、sound（听起来）、turn（变得）均不符合情感表达的逻辑。 2、 任务型阅读 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 World wonders are divided into two main types: natural wonders and man-made wonders. Both of them have stood the test of time and remain precious treasures for all humanity(人类). 1 They not only show the power of nature but also reflect the wisdom of humans. First, let’s talk about man-made wonders. The Taj Mahal in India is one of the most beautiful ones. 2 It was built by a king as a tomb for his beloved(挚爱的)wife and has a history of nearly 400 years. With its white marble(大理石)buildings and beautiful gardens, it has become a popular tourist spot that attracts people from all over the world. Next, let’s look at some natural wonders. 3 It is the largest desert in Africa, covering a large area with golden sand dunes(沙丘). It is home to many special animals, such as camels and desert foxes, making it a unique natural wonder. However, it is now facing danger due to desertification(荒漠化) and climate change. Besides the Sahara Desert, there is another famous natural wonder-Victoria Falls in Zambia and Zimbabwe. 4 The water falls from a high cliff(悬崖),making a loud noise and a beautiful rainbow. Many people visit it every year to experience its grand beauty. In short, these world wonders are not just beautiful. 5 They teach us about nature’s power and human wisdom, and remind us to protect our planet and these precious treasures. A．It is a beautiful building that shows the love and wisdom of ancient Indian people. B．The Sahara Desert is a natural wonder worth exploring. C．They carry rich cultural and natural meanings. D．It is one of the largest waterfalls in the world and is famous for its grand view. E．There are many famous world wonders that we should know about. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界奇迹的分类，并分别举例介绍了泰姬陵、撒哈拉沙漠、维多利亚瀑布等世界奇迹，最后总结了世界奇迹的意义与价值，呼吁人们保护这些珍贵宝藏。 1．前文提到“World wonders are divided into two main types: natural wonders and man-made wonders. Both of them have stood the test of time and remain precious treasures for all humanity.”，后文提到“They not only show the power of nature but also reflect the wisdom of humans.”，空处需承接总述、引出下文的具体介绍，E项“There are many famous world wonders that we should know about”，衔接上下文，开启对具体奇迹的介绍。 2．前文提到“The Taj Mahal in India is one of the most beautiful ones.”，后文提到“It was built by a king as a tomb for his beloved wife and has a history of nearly 400 years.”，空处需补充说明泰姬陵的特点，A项“It is a beautiful building that shows the love and wisdom of ancient Indian people”，衔接上下文，介绍泰姬陵的意义。 3．前文提到“Next, let’s look at some natural wonders.”，后文提到“It is the largest desert in Africa, covering a large area with golden sand dunes.”，空处需引出撒哈拉沙漠，B项“The Sahara Desert is a natural wonder worth exploring”，衔接上下文，开启对撒哈拉沙漠的介绍。 4．前文提到“Besides the Sahara Desert, there is another famous natural wonder-Victoria Falls in Zambia and Zimbabwe.”，后文提到“The water falls from a high cliff,making a loud noise and a beautiful rainbow.”，空处需补充说明瀑布的特点，D项“It is one of the largest waterfalls in the world and is famous for its grand view”，衔接上下文，介绍维多利亚瀑布的特色。 5．前文提到“In short,these world wonders are not just beautiful.”，后文提到“They teach us about nature’s power and human wisdom, and remind us to protect our planet and these precious treasures.”，空处需总结世界奇迹的深层意义，C项“They carry rich cultural and natural meanings”，衔接上下文，呼应后文内容。 阅读短文，并按要求完成下面小题。 Mount Huangshan Mount Huangshan is in the south of Anhui Province. It is one of the most famous mountains in China. It is also one of the greatest natural wonders in the world. Mount Huangshan is famous for four wonders: strange pine trees, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. Every year, millions of tourists come to visit it. The strange pine trees are very special. They grow in the rocks. Some are tall and some are short. Some are straight and some are curved. The strange rocks have different shapes. Some look like animals, such as monkeys, lions and camels. Some look like humans. The sea of clouds is very beautiful. When you stand on the top of the mountain, you can see clouds around you. It looks like a wonderful world. The hot springs are clear and clean. They can help people keep healthy. Many people say Mount Huangshan is the most beautiful mountain in China. If you visit it, you will never forget it. 6．Where is Mount Huangshan? 7．What are the four wonders of Mount Huangshan? 8．Where do the strange pine trees grow? 9．What do the strange rocks look like? 10．What can the hot springs help people do? 【答案】 6．It is in the south of Anhui Province. 7．They are strange pine trees, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. 8．They grow in the rocks. 9．Some look like animals and some look like humans. 10．They can help people keep healthy. 【导语】本文介绍了安徽黄山的地理位置与四大奇观，展现黄山绝美风光，点明黄山美景令人难忘。 6．第一段首句“Mount Huangshan is in the south of Anhui Province.”直接点明黄山的具体地理位置，答案直接从原文中提取即可。 7．第二段“Mount Huangshan is famous for four wonders: strange pine trees, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs.”明确列举了黄山的四大奇观，答案直接从原文中提取即可。 8．第三段“The strange pine trees are very special. They grow in the rocks.”明确说明奇松的生长环境，属于直接信息提取题，重点提取“in the rocks”即可。 9．第四段“Some look like animals, such as monkeys, lions and camels. Some look like humans.”详细描述了奇石的形态，核心特征是 “像动物或人类”，需整合关键信息作答。 10．第六段“The hot springs are clear and clean. They can help people keep healthy.”直接说明温泉的功能，属于直接信息提取题，重点提取“keep healthy”即可。 三、语言运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The deep sea is one of the most amazing and least known places on Earth. The Mariana Trench is the 1 (deep) point in the world’s oceans, about 11,000 2 (metre) below sea level. Many countries are 3 (research) the deep sea. People’s curiosity (好奇心) about the unknown world leads 4 (they) to keep exploring. In 2020, China’s manned (载人的) submersible Fendouzhe 5 (dive) to the bottom of the trench and 6 (film) the deep-sea environment. Life in the deep sea is special and strange. Many deep-sea animals are large and 7 (usual). Some can even make their own light. The famous Titanic lies 8 (quiet) about 3,800 metres under the water. However, the deep sea is in danger. We can even find rubbish at the greatest depths. It is 9 (harm) to sea life. It’s time for us 10 (take) action and protect our oceans. 【答案】 1．deepest 2．metres 3．researching 4．them 5．dove 6．filmed 7．unusual 8．quietly 8．harmful 10．to take 【导语】本文介绍了马里亚纳海沟的深度、深海探索与生物，指出深海受垃圾威胁，呼吁采取行动保护海洋。 1．句意：马里亚纳海沟是世界海洋中最深的点，大约在海平面以下11000 米处。由定冠词“the”及范围“in the world’s oceans”可知，此处需用deep的最高级deepest。 2．句意：马里亚纳海沟是世界海洋中最深的点，大约在海平面以下11000 米处。“11,000”后接名词复数metres。 3．句意：许多国家正在研究深海。空处位于“are”之后，使用现在分词researching，一起构成现在进行时。 4．句意：人们对未知世界的好奇心引导他们不断去探索。空处位于动词“leads”之后，需使用宾格them。 5．句意：2020年，中国载人潜水器“奋斗者”号下潜到海沟底部，并拍摄了深海环境。由“In 2020”可知，使用一般过去时，dive的过去式为dove。 6．句意：2020年，中国载人潜水器“奋斗者”号下潜到海沟底部，并拍摄了深海环境。此处“and”连接并列谓语，与前面的dove时态一致，需用film的过去式filmed。 7．句意：许多深海动物体型巨大且不寻常。并列连词and连接两个形容词，根据语境及后文“能自己发光”可知，空处应使用unusual“不寻常的”。 8．句意：著名的泰坦尼克号静静地躺在约3800米的水下。空处应使用quiet的副词形式quietly，修饰动词lies。 9．句意：这对海洋生物是有害的。be harmful to“对……有害”，固定搭配，应使用harm的形容词形式harmful。 10．句意：是我们采取行动保护我们海洋的时候了。 It’s time for sb. to do sth.“是某人做某事的时候了”，固定搭配，应使用动词不定式to take。 四、书面表达 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tony对中国的自然奇观很感兴趣，请你给他写一封电子邮件，介绍你最喜欢的中国自然奇观——黄山。 要求： 1. 语句通顺，语法正确； 2. 包含位置、特点、你的感受； 3. 80词左右。 Dear Tony, I’m glad to hear that you are interested in natural wonders in China. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 例文： Dear Tony, I’m glad to hear that you are interested in natural wonders in China. I’d like to introduce my favorite one—Mount Huangshan. It lies in the south of Anhui Province. Mount Huangshan is famous for its strange rocks, ancient pine trees, and seas of clouds. The sunrise there is also breathtaking. When I climbed it last year, I felt amazed by its beauty. The fresh air and fantastic views made me feel peaceful and close to nature. It is truly a wonderful place to visit. I hope you can come to see it yourself one day. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：电子邮件/介绍类文章，以一般现在时和一般过去时为主 明确要点：位置、特点、你的感受 确定人称：第一人称（I）和第二人称（you）为主 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，需涵盖所有要点 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：已给出，引出黄山话题 主体段：介绍黄山的位置和特点 结尾段：分享个人感受并表达邀请 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：位置 位置表达：in the south of Anhui Province/in eastern China/in Anhui等 要点二：特点 著名景观：famous for strange rocks/ancient pine trees/seas of clouds等 其他特色：sunrise is breathtaking/hot springs/beautiful valleys等 要点三：个人感受 体验时间：last year/when I climbed it等 感受描述：felt amazed by its beauty/felt peaceful/close to nature等 景色评价：fresh air/fantastic views/wonderful place等 要点四：邀请 邀请表达：I hope you can come to see it yourself one day/welcome to visit等 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $