Unit 4 Lesson 3课件2025-2026学年冀教版英语八年级下册

Lesson 3 Spoken and unspoken rules Grammar Are the rules in the video spoken or unspoken? Read paragraph 1 and answer the questions. What are spoken rules? Where can we find spoken rules? We can find spoken rules in school, public buildings, at home, or on the road. adj.口头的，口语的 Spoken rules are said or writen somewhere. anywhere everwhere adv.在某处 Part 1 Part 2 How many kinds of rules are there in the passage? Four. Spoken rules school rules You are not allowed to library rule home rule road rule You are required to run around and yell in the hall ways talk loudly throw basketballs follow traffic rules v.大叫 n.喊声 n.走廊 n/v.测试 考试作弊 1.What are unspoken rules? 2.What should you do when you visit another country? 3.What is considered normal in many countries? Unspoken rules are mostly to do with respecting others. I should find out the differences to avoid being disrespectful. v.接受，认识，认出 adj.无礼的，不尊敬的 adj.西方的 n.距离，间隔，远方 adj.无礼的，粗鲁的 取决于 Closeness. 远距离 Read the passage and discuss the statements listed below. Are they spoken or unspoken rules? A Don’t climb on a park statue. spoken rules B Hold the door open for others. C Cover your mouth when you cough. D No throwing basketballs in the house. E Don’t make a lot of noise late at night. F Get on a bus or a train after others get off. unspoken rules unspoken rules unspoken rules unspoken rules spoken rules Further thinking. Do you think it’s necessary for us to have rules in our life? Rules maintain order. Rules keep us safe. Rules ensure fairness. No rules, no order. Read again and pay attention to the yellow words. am/is/are + 动词过去分词（done） 被动语态 (passive voice) 什么是被动语态 主动语态的主语是句子中动作的“执行者”，而被动语态的主语，则是句子中动作的“承受者”当我们认为执行动作的人是谁并不重要，反而是“接受动作”的人或物值得被强调时，我们就会用“被动语态”来凸显“被执行动作”的人或物。被动语态的主语，就是主动语态的宾语；主动语态的主语在被动语态中，会放在介词by后面，并移到动词之后，有时甚至会因为不重要，干脆省略掉。 ……（什么）被……（怎么样） When we do not know who does the action, or when this information is not important, we use passive voice. Passive voice(被动语态) 基本结构：am/is/are + 动词过去分词（done） （am/is/are 随主语人称和数变化） e.g. He is invited to the party. 他被邀请参加晚会。 过去分词变化规则 (1) 规则变化 ① 一般情况：加 ed（work→worked、clean→cleaned） ② 不发音 e 结尾：加 d（love→loved、use→used） ③ 辅音 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i 加 ed（study→studied、carry→carried） ④ 重读闭音节：双写尾辅音加 ed（stop→stopped、plan→planned） (2) 不规则变化 do→done; see→seen; eat→eaten; go→gone; write→written; take→taken等 主动变被动转换步骤 e.g. We plant flowers in the garden. Flowers are planted by us in the garden 1. 主动宾语→被动主语 2. 主动谓语→am/is/are + 过去分词 3. 主动主语→被动 by 的宾语（可省略） 主动语态VS被动语态 主动： 被动： Peter cleaned the bedroom. 动作执行者 动作接受者 The bedroom was cleaned by Peter. 动作接受者 动作执行者 or The bedroom was cleaned by Peter. 句子的重点在于房间被清理，动作执行者是谁并不重要的情况下，可以直接省略不提。 四大基础句式 (1) 肯定句主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 (+ by sb.)（by sb. 表动作发出者） ① 每年会种很多树。Many trees are planted every year. ② 这首歌是露西唱的。This song is sung by Lucy. (2) 否定句 主语 + am/is/are not + 过去分词 (+ by sb.)（缩写：isn’t/aren’t） ① 每年不会种很多树。Many trees are not/ aren’t planted every year. ② 这首歌不是露西唱的。This song is not/ isn’t sung by Lucy. (3) 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词 (+ by sb.)? 回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are./ No, 主语 + am/is/are not. ① —Are many trees planted every year? — Yes, they are. ② —Is the room cleaned by him? — No, it isn’t. (4) 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 过去分词 (+ by sb.)? ① What are planted every year? ② Who is the letter written by? 1. Usually computers__________(use) to get information on the Internet. 2.I_________(ask) to clean my bedroom every day by my mother. 3. Trees____________(plant) in spring. 4.----How clean and tidy your bedroom is! ----Thank you. It____________(clean) every day. 5. The brown desk____________(make) of wood. 6. As China grows stronger and stronger , Chinese___________(teach) in more and more schools out of our country. 7. A book____________(give) to me by my mother on my birthday. are used am asked are planted is cleaned is made is taught is given Fill in the blanks with correct forms Read and rewrite the sentences. People in society follow spoken rules. Cultures influence unspoken rules. She recognised her mother’s handwriting on the envelope. A B C Spoken rules are followed by People in society. Unspoken rules are influenced by cultures. Her mother’s handwriting on the envelope was recognised by her. Read and complete the conversation. Li Ming: Are spoken rules always followed? Wang Mei: Well, not necessarily. Sometimes spoken rules ___________ (ignore). Li Ming: What about unspoken rules then? Wang Mei: Unspoken rules________ often ___________ (take) for granted. Li Ming: Can you give me an example? are ignored are taken Wang Mei: Sure. Think of a library. It is a spoken rule to keep quiet, but sometimes people still talk. However, the unspoken rule could be don’t lick your fingers to turn a page. Li Ming: I see. Unspoken rules __________________(not write) down. They are different between cultures and locations. are not written 忽视 take sth for granted 认为……理所当然 New words 1 Phrases 2 Important sentences 3 Are you allowed to run around and yell in the hallways? 你可以在走廊里随意跑动和大喊大叫吗？ Can you talk loudly in a library? 你可以在图书管里大声讲话吗？ And on the road, you are required to follow traffic rules. 在路上，你需要遵守交通规则。 Unspoken rules are mostly to do with respecting others. 那些不成文的规则大多关乎如何尊重他人。 When you plan to visit another countr y, you should find out the differences to avoid being disrespectful. 当你计划去参观另一个国家时，你应该找出差异，避免不被尊重。 spoken somewhere yell hallway test recognise disrespectful western distance rude depend cheat on tests 考试作弊 depend on 取决于；依靠；信赖 No rules, no order 无规矩不成方圆 Lavf58.29.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 $