Unit 5 Working the Land 单元提升强化训练 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit 5　Working the Land Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Faced with changing product prices and pressure to be more efficient and environmentally friendly,farmer Jamie Butler is trying out a new worker on his 450-acre farm in England’s Hampshire countryside. Carefully inspecting Butler’s winter crops for weeds(杂草) and pests,the laborer doesn’t complain or even sweat.That’s because it’s a four-wheeled robot named “Tom” that uses GPS,artificial intelligence(AI) and smartphone technology to digitally map the field. Tom’s creator is the Small Robot Company.It works to transform production in an industry that is under economic stress due to market pressures to keep food cheap,a rising global population and the uncertainties of climate change.Most robots are still only being tested,but they give an idea how automation(自动化) will spread into rural areas. “If we can keep our costs to an absolute minimum by being on the leading edge of technologies as one method of doing that,then that’s a really,really good thing,” said Butler,one of the 20 British farmers that are enlisted in a year-long trial. This year,the company will start trials for two more robots,Dick and Harry.Dick will deliver fertilizer directly to soil around roots,instead of wasteful spraying(喷洒).Harry will put seeds into the earth at the same depth and spacing. The aim is to cut down a great deal on fertilizer and pesticide(杀虫剂) use to lower costs and increase profits for struggling farmers.As such,it not only helps economically,but it also lowers the environmental effect of farming. “What we’re doing is something that people can’t do,” said Ben Scott-Robinson,co-founder of the Small Robot Company.“It’s not physically possible for a farmer to go round and check each individual plant and then treat that plant individually.That’s only possible when you have something as tireless as a robot and as focused and accurate as AI to be able to achieve that.” 1.What does the robot Tom do on Jamie Butler’s farm? A.It puts seeds into the earth. B.It makes a map of the field digitally. C.It delivers fertilizer to soil around roots. D.It tells the difference between wheat and weeds. 2.The underlined word “enlisted” in the fourth paragraph can possibly be replaced by “　　　”. A.focused B.interested C.investing D.participating 3.What is Ben Scott-Robinson’s attitude towards the use of robots in farming? A.Skeptical. B.Favorable. C.Cautious. D.Disapproving. 4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text? A.The exact appearance of the robot Tom. B.The work of the Small Robot Company. C.The advantages of using robots in farming. D.The reasons for increasing automation in farming. B Recent research has found that Martian soil contains all the essential nutrients necessary for growing rice,planetary scientist Abhilash Ramachandran reported at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference,providing new possibilities for agriculture on the Red Planet. The study,conducted by a team of researchers from the University of Arkansas,Fayetteville,tested simulated(模拟的) Martian soil to determine its suitability for growing rice.The researchers found that the soil contained all the essential nutrients needed for the crop to grow,including nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium.They also found that the pH level of the soil was within the preferable range for growing rice and that the soil was able to support the growth of healthy rice plants. However,it would be a bit challenging for the plants to survive in the soil that has perchlorate,a chemical that has been detected on Mars’ surface which can be toxic to plants. The team of researchers conducted an experiment to grow rice in soil containing perchlorate.They employed a wild rice variety and two genetically modified strains,which were designed to tolerate environmental stressors such as drought,and tested them in Mars-simulated soil with and without perchlorate.The study revealed that a concentration of 3 grams of perchlorate per kilogram of soil resulted in no growth of rice plants.However,when the concentration was reduced to 1 gram per kilogram,one of the genetically modified lines successfully grew both a shoot and a root,while the wild variety was only able to grow a root. The discovery could be a game-change for future missions to Mars,as it could enable astronauts to grow their own food on the planet,reducing the need for costly and complex resupply missions.In addition,studying the growth of plants on Mars could provide valuable insights into the potential for life on other planets and help scientists to better understand the conditions necessary for life to exist. 5.What does the underlined word “toxic” mean in paragraph 3? A.Essential. B.Salty. C.Nutritious. D.Poisonous. 6.Which would NOT help rice plants grow under Martian soil conditions? A.Maintaining the ideal soil pH. B.Selecting a drought-resistant variety. C.Increasing soil perchlorate levels. D.Lowering perchlorate concentration. 7.Why is the discovery that Martian soil contains rice nutrients significant? A.Because it reduces future mission costs. B.Because it reveals the origins of the universe. C.Because it focuses on mining on other planets. D.Because it contradicts the idea that Mars has no life. 8.Which of the following can be the best title? A.Let’s Go to Mars for Fun! B.Martian Soil Could Grow Rice! C.Are You Interested in Planting Rice? D.What Are Martian Essential Nutrients? C In recent years,there has been great progress in the study of genetics.With this progress,doors have been opened up to technologies that never existed before.While many people are excited about these new technologies,these same technologies frighten others.Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified(GM)(转基因的) food. There are two ways in which a plant or an animal can be genetically modified.First,new material can be inserted into its DNA to give the plant or animal qualities which it would never have in nature.Second,material can be taken from the DNA of a plant or an animal in order to remove qualities which are not desired. One aim of GM research is to produce food which will make us healthier.So far,this technology has been used to produce plants which are better able to defend themselves against pests and disease.Supporters of GM food argue that GM plants are healthier and have larger harvests.While there has been research in GM animals such as pigs,no GM meat is being sold at present. Many questions have been raised about GM food.No one really knows whether it is safe for animals or humans to eat.Scientists admit that more tests should be done on GM food.Research has been limited to increasing production profits,rather than making sure that GM food is safe.GM food could therefore be dangerous to eat. There is also a question as to whether GM plants are safe for the environment.Since GM crops are planted outside,they are part of the food chain—insects and other animals eat them or use their products,and these insects and animals will be eaten by other animals.No one knows what effects the GM material might have on the food chain. Since no one really knows whether GM food is safe,many countries have hesitated to give permission for the production of GM food,as they would rather be cautious with this new technology. 9.How does the author introduce the topic in paragraph 1? A.By giving examples. B.By giving definition. C.By listing numbers. D.By making comparison. 10.What is the purpose of GM research? A.To make healthier food. B.To produce enough meat. C.To produce stronger plants. D.To make people disease-free. 11.What attitude do the governments hold to GM food in the last paragraph? A.Negative. B.Supportive. C.Cautious. D.Indifferent. 12.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.GM food:hope or danger? B.GM research:safe or not? C.GM food:stop or continue? D.GM research:right or wrong? Ⅱ.七选五 Soothe the Sunday Scaries Most of us look forward to the weekend as a time to relax.But as the weekend comes to an end,many of us are missing out on “Sunday Funday” and instead experiencing a sense of anxiety and even dread about the upcoming week. That sense of dread on Sunday can come from many different sources.　1　 A reminder after a weekend of “me time” that will be given to your work the next five days.Exhaustion after a busy weekend makes you concerned about the demands of the coming week.　2　 Here’s how experts say you can ease your end-of-weekend anxiety.  Identify your anxiety sources. Anxiety is a normal human experience,and one of the main ways to manage it is to identify your personal triggers.　3　 Is it a deadline,meeting or presentation?Even if there’s not a single reason behind your Sunday anxiety,organizing the stress you expect from the week ahead into bite-sized chunks can help make it all more manageable.  Don’t forget to relax. When structuring your Sunday,try not to cram in(塞进去) too many errands and chores.　4　 Maybe a body meditation,maybe a mid afternoon shower or bath,maybe an engaging movie or show.Whatever feels like a helpful distraction to get away from the scaries.  　5　  Getting rid of the Sunday scaries isn’t just about minimizing the doom and gloom of the week ahead.Having something to expect gives you something pleasant to think about.Instead of focusing on the awful things from the upcoming week,build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend or workmate.This gives you the opportunity to shift your thoughts to something fun and will help improve your mood. A.End your Sunday with the right energy. B.Create excitement for the coming week. C.Try to find out what’s really causing you to dread the week. D.Structure can be a best friend when feeling the Sunday scaries. E.Fear of failure,criticism at work,especially from high-pressure jobs. F.It’s important to make space for relaxing activities to refresh yourself. G.But even though the Sunday scaries are common,they are manageable. Ⅲ.完形填空 According to the United States Department of Agriculture,more than 12 million households 　1　 enough food for everyone in their family at some time during the year—including 　2　.Hunger is surprisingly widespread in our country—one of the world’s wealthiest—yet the government estimates that we waste almost 100 billion pounds of food each year,more than one-quarter of our total supply.  Reducing this improper distribution of 　3　 is a goal of America’s Second Harvest,the nation’s largest domestic hunger-relief organization.Last year,it 　4　 nearly 2 billion pounds of food to more than 23 million people in need.America’s Second Harvest is a network of 214 inter-connected food banks and other organizations that 　5　 food from growers,processors,grocery stores and restaurants.　6　,the network distributes food to some 50,000 soup kitchens(施食处),homeless 　7　 and old people’s centers in every county of every state.  A great deal of work is involved in distributing tons of food from thousands of 　8　 to thousands of non-profit organizations.Until a few years ago,America’s Second Harvest lacked any 　9　 way to manage their inventory(存货).Without accurate and timely information,soup kitchens were sometimes empty while food was left to 　10　 in loading places.  In 2000,America’s Second Harvest began to use a new inventory and financial-management system—Ceres.It is a 　11　 designed specifically for hunger-relief operations.It is used by more than 100 America’s Second Harvest organizations to 　12　 food from donation to distribution.Ceres has helped 　13　 the spoiling of food and improve distribution.An evaluation found that the software streamlined(精简) food banks’ operations by 23 percent in the first year alone.  With more accurate and timely reports,Ceres saves time,frees staff members to focus on finding new donors,and 　14　 more efficient use of donations.  Hunger in America remains a(n) 　15　 social problem.Technology alone cannot solve it.But in the hands of organizations such as America’s Second Harvest,it is a powerful tool that is helping to make a difference—and helping more Americans to join in the feast.  1.A.serve B.lack C.reserve D.order 2.A.workdays B.birthdays C.holidays D.paydays 3.A.resources B.incomes C.missions D.services 4.A.exposed B.introduced C.distributed D.addicted 5.A.harvest B.prepare C.recommend D.gather 6.A.For example B.In contrast C.Above all D.In turn 7.A.backyards B.shelters C.garages D.cabins 8.A.donors B.survivors C.farmers D.victims 9.A.innovative B.impressive C.effective D.productive 10.A.grow B.recycle C.spoil D.stir 11.A.theory B.action C.remedy D.software 12.A.advertise B.relieve C.track D.migrate 13.A.produce B.reduce C.shift D.simplify 14.A.promises B.ceases C.admits D.locates 15.A.troubling B.demanding C.touching D.imposing Ⅳ.语法填空 Built in the 3rd century BCE,Dujiangyan Irrigation System,1.　　　　　　 still controls the waters of the Minjiang River and distributes it to the fertile farmland of the Chengdu plains,is a living heritage of 2,000-year-old design and engineering ideas.It has been 2.　　　　　　(complete) preserved,with all necessary features 3.　　　　　　(demonstrate) the outstanding universal value.They express the importance of using natural features to their fullest in constructing an irrigation system.The Dujiangyan irrigation system,located in the western part of the Chengdu flatlands at the meeting place 4.　　　　　　 the Sichuan basin and the Qinghai-Tibet plateau,is 5.　　　　　　 ecological engineering achievement originally constructed around 256 BCE.Enlarged during the Tang,Song,Yuan and Ming 6.　　　　　　(dynasty),it uses natural features to solve problems of making water change direction for irrigation,flood control,and flow control without the use of dams.  There are three major parts of this irrigation system.The first is a well-designed levee(堤坝)named Yuzui(Fish Mouth) in the middle of the river that was shaped 7.　　　　　　(control) the amount of water that enters the two channels.The second is a channel of the irrigation project called Baopingkou(Cherished Vase Mouth) whose narrow opening regulates the amount of water entering the system.The third is a spillway called Feishayan 8.(dig) to discharge water,sand and mud.  The system 9.　　　　　　(produce) comprehensive benefits in flood control,irrigation,water transport and general water 10.　　　　　　(consume) since it was begun over 2,250 years ago.It now irrigates 668,700 hectares of farmland.  参考答案 Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一则新闻报道。文章主要报道了英国一家名为Small Robot Company的公司开发的农业机器人Tom在汉普郡农场进行试验的情况。文章介绍了Tom的工作原理、研发背景以及与其他机器人的区别,同时也提到了机器人对于降低成本和减少环境污染的影响。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“That’s because it’s a four-wheeled robot named ... smartphone technology to digitally map the field.”可知,机器人汤姆在杰米·巴特勒的农场里绘制数字地图。故选B项。 2.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“in a year-long trial”可知,巴特勒是“参加”实验的人员之一,所以画线词所在的短语are enlisted in意为“参加”,与are participating in(参加)同义。故选D项。 3.B　推理判断题。 根据最后一段中Ben Scott-Robinson的话可知,Ben Scott-Robinson对在农业中使用机器人持支持态度。故选B项。 4.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Tom’s creator is the Small Robot Company.It works to transform production in an industry that is under economic stress”可知,文章谈到小型机器人公司的工作;根据倒数第二段中的“As such,it not only helps economically,but it also lowers the environmental effect of farming.”可知,文中谈到了在农业中使用机器人的好处;再根据最后一段中的“It’s not physically possible for a farmer to go ... a robot and as focused and accurate as AI to be able to achieve that.”可知,文中提到了增加农业自动化的原因。综合上述可知,“机器人汤姆确切的外观”是文中没有提及的。故选A项。 【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在火星土壤上种植稻米的可能性以及实验的经过。 5.D　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“it would be a bit challenging for the plants to survive in the soil that has perchlorate”以及第四段中的“The study revealed that a concentration of 3 grams of perchlorate per kilogram of soil resulted in no growth of rice plants.”可知,高氯酸盐对植物来说是有毒的,因此植物无法生长;故画线词意思是“有毒的”,与poisonous同义。故选D项。 6.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The study revealed that a concentration of 3 grams of perchlorate...grow a root.”可知,增加土壤中高氯酸盐的浓度会妨碍水稻生长。C项“Increasing soil perchlorate levels.”与实验背道而驰,不利于水稻生长。故选C项。 7.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The discovery could be a game-change for future missions to Mars...costly and complex resupply missions.”可知,火星土壤中含有适合水稻生长的养分的发现意义重大在于可以减少未来的任务成本。故选A项。 8.B　主旨大意题。文章主要介绍在火星土壤上种植稻米的可能性以及实验的经过。故B项“火星土壤可以种植水稻!”最能概括这一重要发现,最合适作为文章标题。故选B项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕关键词转基因食品(GM food)展开,说明了转基因的两种方式、转基因研究的意图以及社会各方面对转基因的担忧。 9.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified(GM)(转基因的) food.”可知,指示代词“this”指代上文“While many people are excited about these new technologies,these same technologies frighten others.”。由此可知,第一段是通过作比较的方式引入话题。故选D项。 10.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“One aim of GM research is to produce food which will make us healthier.”可知,转基因研究的目的是生产出有益于身体健康的食品。故选A项。 11.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Since no one really knows...this new technology.”可知,很多国家对转基因食品持谨慎态度。故选C项。 12.A　主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知,文章的话题是“GM food”,说明了转基因的两种方式、转基因研究的意图以及社会各方面对转基因的担忧。由此可知,A项GM food:hope or danger?适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。 Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何克服周末结束的恐惧。 1.E　上文指出周末结束的恐惧感有很多来源可知,空处承接上文,具体介绍这些来源有哪些,E项“Fear of failure,criticism at work,especially from high-pressure jobs.”符合题意,故选E项。 2.G　上文指出忙碌的周末后疲惫不堪,让你担心下周的需求,以及下文指出有一些方法可以缓解这种焦虑,可知,空处和上文是转折关系,指出对周末结束的这种恐惧可以控制,G项But even though the Sunday scaries are common,they are manageable.符合题意,承上启下,故选G项。 3.C　本段讲述的是弄清焦虑的原因,根据空后的“Is it a deadline,meeting,or presentation?”可知,此处是在判断导致焦虑的原因,所以此空处应是与“找出焦虑原因”相关,C项Try to find out what’s really causing you to dread the week.讲述的内容与本段主题一致,且和空后的内容衔接。故选C项。 4.F　根据上文可知,周日不要安排太多的差事和杂物,空处承接上文指出其原因,F项“It’s important to make space for relaxing activities to refresh yourself.”符合题意,故选F项。 5.B　此处是本段小标题,根据下文可知,本段主要介绍了要为接下来的一周创造兴奋。B项“Create excitement for the coming week.”能概括本段内容,故选B项。 Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。为了优化社会捐赠食物的分配机制,美国第二丰收组织使用一种叫做Ceres的软件,从而有效地解决捐赠食物的处理问题。 1.B　根据下文“Hunger”可知,此处指1 200万户家庭缺乏食物。 2.C　根据本句中的“at some time during the year”和“including”可知,此处表示包括节假日。 3.A　根据下文“the nation’s largest domestic hunger-relief organization”可知,该组织的目的是减少不合理的资源分配。 4.C　根据上一句中关键词“distribution”可知,此处指该组织向2 300多万需要帮助的人分发了近20亿磅粮食。 5.D　根据下文“from growers,processors,grocery stores and restaurants”可知,此处表示收集食物。 6.D　上文提到这个组织网络从各处收集食物;下文说该组织网络将食物分发给其他地方。上文与下文存在动作上的先后关系。 7.B　根据上文“homeless”推测,此处是指庇护所、收容所。 8.A　根据上文“from growers,processors,grocery stores and restaurants”可知,此处的食物来自社会各地的捐助者。 9.C　根据下文“Without accurate and timely information,soup kitchens were sometimes empty while food was left to 　10　 in loading places.”可知,此处表示没有管理食物的有效方法。  10.C　根据上文“soup kitchens were sometimes empty”及“while”可知,此处的食物应该是被留在装运地点变质。 11.D　根据上文“In 2000,America’s Second Harvest began to use a new inventory and financial-management system—Ceres.”可知,Ceres是一种软件系统。 12.C　根据下文“food from donation to distribution”可知,此处应该是用Ceres系统来追踪食物从捐赠到分发的过程。 13.B　根据下文“improve distribution”可知,此处应该是帮助减少食物变质。 14.A　此句说的是Ceres的优点。根据下文“more efficient use of donations”可知,此处应该是指Ceres承诺更高效的捐赠物利用率。 15.A　根据下一句“Technology alone cannot solve it.”可知,此处表示饥饿在美国仍然是一个令人不安的问题。 Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了都江堰灌溉系统的历史以及重要作用。 1.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句,关系代词代替先行词Dujiangyan Irrigation System在从句中作主语成分。故填which。 2.completely　考查副词。此处为副词completely作状语修饰has been preserved。故填completely。 3.demonstrating　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为with复合结构,其中的动词应为非谓语形式,features和demonstrate之间是主动关系,需用动词-ing形式。故填demonstrating。 4.between　考查介词以及固定搭配。分析句子结构可知,此处为固定短语between...and...“在……两者之间”。故填between。 5.an　考查冠词。根据句意以及空后的“ecological engineering achievement”为单数意义名词可知,此处应表示泛指“一项生态工程成果”为泛指概念,结合ecological为首音节元音单词,所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 6.dynasties　考查名词复数。根据空前“the Tang,Song,Yuan and Ming”提到了四个朝代,由此可知,此处dynasty应为名词复数形式。故填dynasties。 7.to control　考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语。故填to control。 8.dug　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰spillway,spillway和dig之间是被动关系,需用过去分词形式。故填dug。 9.has produced　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,此空处应填入谓语动词形式。结合时间状语“since it was begun over 2,250 years ago”可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语The system为单数名词,所以动词为第三人称单数形式。故填has produced。 10.consumption　考查名词。由and连接的“flood control,irrigation,water transport”都是名词短语可知,此处也应为名词形式,作介词in的宾语成分。故填consumption。 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $