Unit 5 Working the Land Reading and Thinking 分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Reading and Thinking 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单句/语段语法填空 1.As a great scientist,Yuan Longping didn’t care much 　　　　　　money or fame.  2.Miss Yang looks very cold,but she is a warm-hearted lady 　　　　　　heart.  3.He is short 　　　　　　teaching experience and the 　　　　　(short) makes him have no confidence in himself.  4.We’re more aware than ever of the mark our 　　　　　　(consume) leaves on the Earth,which now sustains nearly 8 billion people.  5.Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of 　　　　　　(real) in one form or another.  6.The book is an 　　　　　　of a series of lectures given last year and by reading the book,you are capable of 　　　　　　your knowledge.(expand)  7.Ultimately,they’re putting up new hotels with the aim of 　　　　　　(boost) tourism in the area.  8.意识到我家经济困难,我说服我自己交出在工作中赚的所有钱。正是我父亲使我明白了我要为家人做贡献的责任。我深信只要我们一家人努力工作,我们早晚会过上更好的生活。 Sensing that my family was in financial difficulty,I convinced myself 　　　　　　(hand) in all the money I earned for my work.It was my father that convinced me 　　　　　　my responsibility to make contributions to my family.I was greatly 　　　　　　(convince) that as long as our family was devoted to working hard,we would lead a better life sooner or later.  Ⅱ.选词填空 be comprised of,deep down,depend on,dream up,far from 1.Running is a form of cardio exercise that can be alternated with other exercise routines or done as the only form of workout.It all   your personal preference. 2.Some people think that the majority of people in the world have got rid of hunger,but this is 　　　　　　the case.  3.In the past,these studies 　　　　　　　　　　either basic animal or human research or both.  4.I walk around with my head up because I know 　　　　　　　　 inside that nothing is impossible if I try.  5.Jessica can always 　　　　　　some new reason for not doing anything unpleasant.  Ⅲ.单句写作 1.据估计,到2050年,将有13亿人把英语作为第一语言或第二语言使用。 [应用文之语言学习](it is estimated that) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as either a first or a second language by 2050.  2.鉴于您对中国传统节日——端午节非常感兴趣,我写信向您介绍这一节日。[应用文之传统文化](given that) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　—the Dragon Boat Festival,I am writing to introduce it to you.  3.我们学生不仅要致力于我们的学习,还应该致力于一些课外活动。[应用文之学校生活](devote...to) Not only should we students 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　but we ought to be devoted to some after-class activities.  4.被称为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平,用他的超级杂交水稻帮助世界上无数人摆脱了饥饿。[应用文之人物描写](be known as) Yuan Longping,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,helped countless people in the world to get rid of hunger by using his super hybrid rice.  5.国内外的人们来到西安,以扩大他们对中国文明的认识。[应用文之地点描写](at home and abroad) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 come to the city of Xi’an to broaden their knowledge of Chinese civilisation.  二、素养能力提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 A Visitors won’t find many straight rows in the organic garden at Martin Luther King Middle School in Berkeley,California.Sometimes the beds look like hearts,eyes,question marks or a rainbow.And then there’s the lovely drainage ditch(水沟),called the “Middle River,” which laughing,muddy students carved right down the center of their one-acre land. As he looks around,Kelsey Siegel,the young teacher in charge of the garden,can’t help but smile.“So many of the youth we work with have grown up in front of TV and video games;they haven’t really had this experience of playing in the mud and water,” he notes.The schoolyard farm “fills in something that’s missing in their lives.” Before they planted their garden five years ago with the help of highly-praised chef Alice Waters,few of the students at this multicultural Northern California school had even tasted vine-ripened(藤熟的) tomatoes,let alone raised them seedlings.Teachers worried that some children weren’t eating enough fresh fruits and vegetables at home,and the school wasn’t much help either:Like many state campuses,King replaced its hot-meal cafeteria years ago with a more cost-effective outdoor “snack-shack(小吃棚).” For Waters,the founder of Berkeley’s Chez Panisse restaurant,the thought of children having to rely on such reheated junk—right in her own backyard—was too much to eat.The small,visionary(有远见卓识的) woman is widely regarded as the Julia Child of organic cuisine in America,the person who’s taught millions the joy of cooking simple dishes with locally grown,chemical-free produce.Waters remembers poking(戳) at mystery food in her school cafeteria as a kid.But today,she says,the spread of vending machines and fast food in America’s schools has become downright evil.“What is it,one in three kids is overweight now?It’s just horrifying,” she sighs,drinking mineral water at a quiet table downstairs in her hugely popular restaurant,about a mile from the King campus “I don’t know what has to happen before we wake up.” 1.What does paragraph 1 highlight? A.Students’ creativity in farming the schoolyard. B.Students’ knowledge of building the schoolyard. C.The strange look of the organic garden. D.The nice environment of the organic garden. 2.The garden has a(n) 　　　impact on students.  A.unnoticeable B.predictable C.modest D.far-reaching 3.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.Waters preferred fast-food to her school’s mystery food. B.Waters is indifferent to what is happening to children. C.Waters has taught people to grow organic plants. D.Waters is deeply concerned about students’ diet and health. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Field of dreams B.Garden of pleasure C.Junk-free restaurant D.Cost-effective campus B Plant biologists have found a way that may enable poor farmers to do away with the need to purchase expensive hybrid seeds every year.Researchers at the University of California report that they have solved a long-standing problem of hybrid seeds by making exact clones of the hybrid plants from seeds. For long,many crops have been grown from high-yielding,anti-disease or climate-tolerant hybrid seeds.But the seeds of hybrid crops do not produce plants with the same qualities during reproduction and hence farmers cannot save the seeds for the next growing season.They end up paying for new hybrid seeds each sowing season.The discovery,long sought by plant researchers,could make it easier to grow desirable high-yielding crops and make them available to the world’s farmers.Farmers could thus replant seeds from their own hybrid plants and enjoy the benefits of high production year after year,the scientists report. While the discovery would help farmers,it would also impact the commercial interest of the hybrid seed industry.Siddiq,a former Deputy Director General in the Crop Science Division of the ICAR,said at first sight,this might seem like a setback for hybrid seed companies but there would be plenty of things they can still do.“Rice is grown over such a vast climatic and geographical range that specialized hybrids would have to be developed for each region,” he said.The companies,he said,would continue to improve their hybrids.“It will be interesting to see how all this plays out in the years to come.” Currently,the high costs of producing hybrid seeds are a major barrier to farmers in developing countries,especially South Asia and Africa.Siddiq said if efficiently used,this method could potentially be a game-changer for poor farmers,who would need to purchase hybrid seeds just once and plant the progeny(后代) seeds from their own harvest in the following seasons. 5.What problem do the researchers aim to solve? A.Farmers’ income. B.Farmers’ costs. C.Hybrid seeds’ cloning. D.Hybrid seeds’ climate tolerance. 6.What is the disadvantage of the present hybrid seeds? A.They have a pretty long growth cycle. B.They tend to be affected by various diseases. C.They have stricter requirements for sowing time. D.They fail to reproduce plants with the same quality. 7.What’s Siddiq’s attitude to the commercial interests of the hybrid seed industry? A.Hopeful. B.Concerned. C.Doubtful. D.Anxious. 8.What is the main idea of the text? A.The future of the hybrid seed industry. B.The drawback of cloning hybrid seeds. C.A method of cloning hybrid plants from their seeds. D.A means of promoting the specialized hybrid seeds. C George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County,Ohio,and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age.Being needed on the farm,Shull received his early formal education off and on.However,it was supplemented(增补) by intense home study so that by 1892 he was teaching in a public school,and later attending Antioch College. In 1901,he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work.With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices,Shull passed a Civil Service exam,and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U.S.National Herbarium.After earning his doctorate,he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution in 1904. He began working on corn in 1905.Following Gregor Mendel’s example,Shull obtained purebred(纯种的) strains of corn through self-pollination.The purebred strains were less healthy and productive,but when he crossed the purebred strains,the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields.He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields. In 1915,Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University.With his encouragement,Princeton University Press began the publication of a new journal,Genetics.Shull was the managing editor for ten years.Genetics is still one of the top international science journals. Shull retired in 1942.He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren. 9.What can we infer from paragraphs 1-2? A.George Shull hated formal education. B.George Shull benefited from his home study. C.George Shull had no farming work experience. D.George Shull worked as a botanical expert at college. 10.What do we know about George Shull’s method of corn breeding? A.It was accepted worldwide. B.It was first published in Genetics. C.It completely relied on self-pollination. D.It focused on crossing purebred strains. 11.How does the author mainly develop the text? A.By following the time order. B.By making comparisons. C.By giving examples. D.By presenting a scientific study. 12.George Shull’s contribution to the world can be best described as 　　　.  A.conventional B.common C.innovative D.insignificant Ⅴ.七选五 Microgreen Farming Microgreens have been used in cooking since the 1980s.　1　 Chefs now realize they also add flavor and visual appeal when included in all types of dishes and recipes.  As with most vegetables,it all starts with seeds.But instead of allowing the plant to grow to its full potential,microgreens are created when the plant is harvested shortly after it starts to grow.The result is a strong flavor and an ingredient that packs a variety of nutrients and health benefits in a tiny,delicious package.The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry states that microgreens have increased levels of vitamins E,C and K.　2　  One of the most significant benefits of using microgreens in dishes is that they provide an intense experience that will improve the overall flavor of any dish.Many chefs use them to add depth of flavor and to create complex flavor.Another benefit of microgreens is the convenience factor—they are incredibly easy to cook with!　3　 You just put them onto your meals such as soups,sandwiches,salads,etc.Microgreens are the ultimate healthy convenience food!  　4　 It is usually ready for harvest in only 6-7 days and offers a spicy radish taste.The result is a dish that not only tastes wonderful but offers a visual appeal that satisfies the eyes and is incredibly nutritious!  Traditional plants require an extended amount of time and large amounts of land.　5　 They require very little physical effort and are ready for harvest in as little as one week.In addition,growing microgreens doesn’t require a lot of space,and is typically done indoors with a vertical setup.So why not give it a shot?  A.Microgreens,on the other hand,are easy! B.They were initially used as a form of decoration. C.There is no prep and cutting work as with most vegetables. D.They have as much as 40 times more nutrients than a mature plant. E.One popular form of microgreens is a mix of purple and green radish. F.Some beginners like to start with a familiar plant,such as radish,cabbage,or peas. G.Mature traditional vegetables are generally harvested 2 to 4 months after they are planted. 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.for　2.at　3.of;shortage　4.consumption　5.reality　6.expansion;expanding　7.boosting　8.to hand;of;convinced Ⅱ.1.depends on　2.far from　3.were comprised of 4.deep down　5.dream up Ⅲ.1.It is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use English 2.Given that you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival 3.devote ourselves to our learning　4.who was known as the “father of hybrid rice”　5.People at home and abroad Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在备受赞誉的厨师Alice Waters的帮助下,加利福尼亚州伯克利市马丁·路德·金中学的学生们创造了一个有机花园,在里面,学生们按照自己的心意设计自己的种植床形状,开心种植,经历在泥里和水里玩耍的快乐,吃到自己种的健康食物。 1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Visitors won’t find many straight rows in the organic garden at...the lovely drainage ditch,called the ‘Middle River,’”可知,加利福尼亚州伯克利市马丁·路德·金中学的有机花园里,学生们的种植床不是传统的直排,而是被学生们设计成心形、眼睛、问号或彩虹等形状,连排水沟都很可爱,可得出第一段强调了有机花园的奇特外观。故选C项。 2.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘So many of the youth we work with have grown up in front of TV and video games;they haven’t really had this experience of playing in the mud and water,’ he notes.The schoolyard farm ‘fills in something that’s missing in their lives.’”可知,有机花园让学生们体验了在泥里和水里玩耍的快乐,再结合第三段中的“Before they planted their garden five years ago ... let alone raised them seedlings.”可知,有机花园让学生们品尝到了藤熟的西红柿,学生们还学会了育苗,可得出有机花园对学生们产生了深远的(far-reaching)影响。故选D项。 3.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,Waters认为自动售货机和快餐是不好的东西,让学生们超重,她不能忍受学生们在自家后院吃这种重新加热的垃圾,可推断出Waters非常关心学生的饮食和健康。故选D项。 4.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了在备受赞誉的厨师Alice Waters的帮助下,加利福尼亚州伯克利市马丁·路德·金中学的学生们创造了一个有机花园,在里面,学生们按照自己的心意设计自己的种植床形状,开心种植,经历在泥里和水里玩耍的快乐,吃到自己种的健康食物,选项A符合文意。故选A项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了加州大学的研究人员发现了一个方法,用种子精确克隆杂交植物,这个方法可能让贫困农民不用每年购买昂贵的杂交种子,并且保证以后每年的高产。 5.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Plant biologists have found a way that may enable poor farmers to do away with the need to purchase expensive hybrid seeds every year.”可知,研究人员想要解决的问题是农民种植成本的问题。故选B项。 6.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For long,many crops have been grown from high-yielding,... cannot save the seeds for the next growing season.”可知,目前杂交种子的缺点是这些种子不能复制出具有相同品质的植物。故选D项。 7.A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Siddiq,a former Deputy Director General in the Crop Science Division of the ICAR,said...things they can still do.”可知,Siddiq认为虽然这个发现可能会对杂交种子公司造成发展挫折,但这些公司仍然有很多其他事可以去做,由此可知,他对这些公司的商业利益怀有希望。故选A项。 8.C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,第一段中的“Researchers at the University of California report that they have solved a long-standing problem of hybrid seeds by making exact clones of the hybrid plants from seeds.”引出了本文话题,即加州大学发现了通过种子精确克隆杂交植物的方法。故选C项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇传记类记叙文。文章主要介绍了杂交玉米之父 George Shull 的生平,涉及他的教育背景、工作经历,特别是他在杂交玉米育种方面做出的突破性贡献。 9.B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Being needed on the farm,Shull received his early formal ... he was teaching in a public school,and later attending Antioch College.”以及第二段的“With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices ... Herbarium.”可知,George Shull 受益于他的家庭学习。故选B项。 10.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The purebred strains were less healthy and productive,but ... improve crop yields.”可知他育种的方法就是把纯种玉米进行杂交。故选D项。 11.A　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句、第二段第一句、第三段第一句、第四段第一句可知,这篇文章是按照时间顺序组织的。故选A项。 12.C　推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The purebred strains were less healthy and productive,but when ... pollinated in the open fields.”以及第四段中的“With his encouragement,Princeton University Press ... Genetics is still one of the top international science journals.”可知,他对世界的贡献是具有创新性的。故选C项。 Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微型蔬菜的起源以及优点。 1.B　根据上文“Microgreens have been used in cooking since the 1980s.”提到了微型蔬菜的使用时间以及下文“Chefs now realize they also add flavor and visual appeal when included in all types of dishes and recipes.” 提到了现在用法的改变,可知空处是在说明最开始微型蔬菜的用法。故B选项符合语境,故选B项。 2.D　根据上文“The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry states that microgreens have increased levels of vitamins E,C and K.”可知,微蔬菜增加了维生素E、C和K的含量,题空处为本段最后一句,故承接上文继续说明微蔬菜营养方面的情况。选项D符合语境,故选D项。 3.C　根据下文“You just put them onto your meals such as soups,sandwiches,salads,etc.Microgreens are the ultimate healthy convenience food!”可知,只需要把微型蔬菜放在你的饭菜上就可以了,说明微型蔬菜不需要备菜,很方便。故选项C符合语境,故选C项。 4.E　根据下文“It is usually ready for harvest in only 6-7 days and offers a spicy radish taste.The result is a dish that not only tastes wonderful but offers a visual appeal that satisfies the eyes and is incredibly nutritious!”可知,某种蔬菜有萝卜味,题空处为总起句,指出这种蔬菜是什么。故选项E符合语境,故选E项。 5.A　根据下文“They require very little physical effort and are ready for harvest in as little as one ... So why not give it a shot?”可知,微型蔬菜只需要很少的体力劳动,不需要太多的空间,这些都是其方便的特性。故选项A符合语境,故选A项。 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $