Unit5 Working the Land Reading and Thinking 同步练习-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版选择性必修第一册

UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND Part 1　Reading and Thinking 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.As she wrote, she could smell the 　　　　　(salt) air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull of the sand beneath her feet.   2.At the very highest levels of business, there is a 　　　　　(short) of senior managers who can lead in a multicultural context.  3.The company is investing in innovative methods for the 　　　　　(generate) of electricity to reduce its carbon footprint.   4.Among the 　　　　　(crisis) that are faced by humans is the lack of natural resources.   5.From his 　　　　　 words, I was entirely 　　　　　 that he had the ability to address this problem perfectly.(convince)  6.Some of the habitat loss is driven by urban 　　　　　(expand), such as building highways.  7.On the 　　　　　(assume) that I am chosen to be chairman of the student union,I will organize various after-class activities to enrich our school life and expand the knowledge.  8.Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur(创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread 　　　　　(consume) of sugary drinks by kids.  9.The study found a direct relationship between brightness at night and how many leaves were eaten by insects, so just reducing the light 　　　　　(intense) could make leaves more appealing to insects.   10.In this sense, it is unwise to 　　　　　(estimate) your opponent’s strength and intelligence.  11.Overcome 　　　　　 curiosity, the children couldn’t wait to open their birthday presents.   12.In Los Angeles, the growing number of homeless animals is a sad 　　　　　(real), but heroes like rescuers Lisa Arturo and Lisa Chiarelli 　　　　　(devote) to easing animal homelessness.  Ⅱ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) be convinced of; be comprised of; be characteristic of; devote oneself to; far from Although you have been working hard, you may find the result 1.　　　　　　 satisfactory. But don’t lose heart. We all know life 2.　　　　　　 not only sunshine but also storms. As long as you have a dream in your heart, 3.　　　　　　 it and don’t give up, you will succeed in the end. I 4.　　　　　　 your strength and potential and looking forward to hearing your good news.  Ⅲ.完成句子 1.鉴于截止日期在本月20号,能否告知我们您是否能按时完成稿件?我们期待您的专业见解。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 on the 20th of this month, could you please let us know if you can finish the manuscript on time? We are looking forward to your professional insights.  2.I didn’t know how to get along with my roommates and that upset me. (句式升级,主语从句,表语从句) →　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 I didn’t know how to get along with my roommates.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 Known as the “father of hybrid rice”, Yuan Longping always considered 　1　(he) a farmer. As a young man, Yuan was concerned about farmers’ poor harvests and shortage of food to eat. To tackle this problem, he 　2　(choose) to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College.  After graduation, Yuan worked as a researcher. He was 　3　(convince) that the solution lay in the creation of hybrid rice rather than larger fields, which was then against the common assumption 　4　 it could not be done. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties and developed the first high-yielding hybrid rice, enabling farmers to increase their output greatly 　5　 expanding the fields. Today it’s estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice 　6　(consume) consists of crops 　7　(generate) from Yuan’s hybrid strains.  Despite Yuan’s invaluable contributions and great achievements, he never lived 　8　 life of leisure. Instead, he devoted his whole life to 　9　(fulfil) his dreams. He is indeed a great scientist, 　10　 deserves our greatest respect.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　   Ⅱ.语法填空 Jia Sixie, author of China’s first agricultural encyclopedia(百科全书), was one of the leading agronomists(农学家) in Chinese history. In the late years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he wrote Qimin Yaoshu, the 　1　 (early) and most complete agricultural encyclopedia still in existence in China.  Jia Sixie was born in Yidu County in Shandong Province. During his childhood, Jia’s family wasn’t wealthy, but had 　2　 rich collection of books. This provided the young Jia with an opportunity: to read ancient Chinese literature 　3　 (wide) on agriculture. He completed Qimin Yaoshu during wartime, when he saw amounts of 　4　(suffer) the poor farmers underwent. 　5　 he believed deep down was that the development of agriculture could relieve the shortage of food and thus help those farmers out.  The book, which is comprised of 92 chapters in 10 volumes and nearly 120,000 characters, 　6　(cover) a wide range of topics and records of production experience and methods. It includes advice on farming, fishery and sideline occupations. In the book, he emphasized the importance of seed breeding 　7　(generate) better varieties.  Qimin Yaoshu was first distributed mainly among common people. In the late Tang Dynasty, the book was introduced to Japan. So far, the book　8　 (translate) into several languages. Qimin Yaoshu is considered 　9　 an important summary of farming knowledge. At present, it is still studied by Chinese farmers and students 　10　 (major) in agriculture.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　   Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Producing and consuming clothing is a major source of global CO2 emissions(排放物). The fashion industry is estimated to account for 8% to 10% of global greenhouse gas emissions—more than the combined emissions of international flights and sea shipping. From growing cotton to dyeing(给……染色) fabrics, every step in the clothing supply chain leaves a carbon footprint. Much of the impact comes from energy-intensive industrial processes. Here’s a breakdown of the emissions in 2018 across different stages of clothing production. Making clothes more sustainable isn’t just about cutting emissions—it’s also about choosing the right materials. Fabrics need to be not only comfortable and affordable, but also long-lasting and low-impact. Each material has its own challenges and environmental cost. While no perfect solution exists yet, a range of alternatives are emerging. COTTON—Organic cotton Grown without harmful chemicals, organic cotton uses far less water and energy, helping reduce pollution and protect the soil. POLYESTER (聚酯纤维)—Recycled polyester Developed through eco-efficient production, recycled polyester lowers reliance on non-renewable fuels. WOOL—Responsible wool Improved land use and animal care reduce methane emissions from sheep farming and cut wool’s environmental cost. LEATHER—Plant-based leather Made from mushrooms or pineapple leaves, plant leather offers cruelty-free alternatives to conventional leather. RAYON(人造丝)—Certified sustainable rayon Sourced from managed forests, certified rayon helps prevent deforestation and protects biodiversity. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　“This shift toward sustainable fashion is global, and the extent of transformation needed is unlike anything we’ve seen before,” says Stella McCartney, a pioneer in ethical(道德上的) fashion design. It’s estimated that fashion consumption could grow by 60% by 2030, putting even more pressure on resources. Still, experts believe that circular design and material innovation can drive real change, keeping pace with the sweeping trend of energy conservation and emission reduction. “The future of fashion is restorative and regenerative by design,” says McCartney. 1.Which stage released the greatest amount of greenhouse gas in 2018? A.Fibre production.　　B.Yarn preparation. C.Fabric production.　　D.Dyeing and finishing. 2.What do these alternatives have in common? A.They are animal-friendly.　　B.They come from plant sources. C.They aim to lessen environmental impact.　　D.They require less energy during production. 3.What does McCartney stress regarding the future of fashion? A.It is to last and adapt.　　B.It is to reduce resource usage. C.It is to meet different people’s needs.　　D.It is to encourage conscious consumption. B In 2017, when making a video over Shitizhai, a village located on the eastern side of the Gaoligong Mountains, Wang Dayong saw the once-barren mountain, which is now abundant in rows of carefully planted coffee trees together with towering native species. Yunnan’s high-altitude regions,along with its unique climate conditions, proved to be perfect for cultivating coffee. The mountains rise like a wall, blocking the moist air currents. This natural barrier gives rise to an extraordinary microclimate, which is marked by dramatic temperature differences between day and night, making it ideal for growing coffee. Wang came to this mountainous area a few years ago for a business trip and engaged with the locals. That’s how he learned about the once-splendid coffee history of the area. Afterwards, he became motivated to make a documentary in 2017, tracing China’s coffee history and highlighting the unique Yunnan coffee and its reputation as “black gold” in the global market. As he explored further, it pained him to see how the mountainside had suffered from excessive farming. In the race for profits, short-sighted farmers began tightly planting coffee plants together and increased the density from just 60 trees per tenth of a hectare to more than 330, resulting in poor quality of coffee beans. When the coffee market slumped, many locals cut down their decades-old coffee trees to make room for fruits and vegetables to survive. Fortunately, Wang’s documentary caught the attention of local authorities. Moreover, he hosted a harvest festival, where he invited all the local growers to taste the coffee they’d planted. As a result, the sale of these beans quickly became a primary source of income for many in the village. Wu Hua, a cultural new economy professor at Shanghai University, said, “A coffee industry that fell into decline is now regaining its strength.” Wu considered the work done by Wang as a new vision for rural revitalization. 4.What makes the village an ideal place for coffee cultivation? A.Its unique and rich soil.　　B.Its abundant and brilliant sunshine. C.Its geographical and climatic advantage.　　D.Its dramatically and extremely low temperature. 5.What inspired Wang to make a documentary? A.Making good friends with the locals.　　B.Intending to promote the coffee sale. C.Being attracted by the charm of coffee.　　D.Learning about the glorious coffee history. 6.Which is closest in meaning to “slumped” in paragraph 4? A.Collapsed.　　　　B.Expanded.　　　　C.Stabilized.　　　　D.Thrived. 7.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Love for coffee revives a mountain　　B.Eagerness for profit destroys the market C.Hunger for money helps the youth succeed　　D.Enthusiasm for hometown urbanizes the village 答案 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.salty　考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰名词air,表示“咸的”,用形容词形式。故填salty。句意:当她写作的时候,她能闻到带咸味的空气,听到海浪的拍打声,感觉到脚下沙子的牵引力。 2.shortage　考查名词。a shortage of意为“缺乏……”。故填名词shortage。句意:在商业的最高层面,能够在多元文化环境中发挥领导作用的高级管理人员存在短缺。 3.generation　考查名词。设空处位于定冠词“the”和介词“of”之间,构成“the+名词+of”结构,generate 的名词形式为 generation,“the generation of electricity”表示“发电”。句意:该公司正在投资新的发电方法,以减少其碳足迹。 4.crises　考查名词复数。本句为表语置于句首的完全倒装句,句子主语是the lack of natural resources,表语是介词短语“Among the 　　　　(crisis) that are faced by humans”。设空处位于冠词后面,应填名词。后面的that 引导定语从句且在从句中代替先行词作主语,由从句谓语are faced可知,先行词应为复数,crisis的复数形式为crises。句意:人类面临的危机之一是自然资源的缺乏。   5.convincing;convinced　考查-ing/-ed形式的形容词。第一空修饰指物的名词words,用-ing形式的形容词convincing(令人信服的);第二空修饰主语I,需用-ed形式的形容词convinced(确信的),be convinced that...意为“确信……”。句意:从他令人信服的话语中,我完全确信他有能力完美地解决这个问题。 6.expansion　考查名词。设空处被形容词urban(城市的)修饰,且作介词by的宾语,所以应用名词expansion,这里表示抽象概念“扩大,扩张”,故填expansion。句意:部分栖息地的丧失是由城市扩张推动的,例如修建公路。 7.assumption　考查名词。on the assumption that...意为“假定……”,故填assumption。句意:假定我被选为学生会主席,我将组织各种课外活动来丰富我们的校园生活并拓展知识。 8.consumption　考查名词。widespread为形容词,意为“普遍的,广泛的”,后面需要接名词。consume是动词,其名词形式为consumption(不可数名词),意为“吃,喝;消耗(量)”。句意:汤姆是一位15岁的发明家和创业者,他在自己的学校里目睹了孩子们普遍饮用含糖饮料的情况。 9.intensity　考查名词。light intensity意为“光的强度”,故填名词intensity。句意:该研究发现夜间的亮度与叶子被昆虫啃食的量之间存在直接关联,因此只需降低光线的强度就能让叶子对昆虫更有吸引力。 10.underestimate　考查构词法。句意:从这个意义上说,低估你的对手的实力和智力是不明智的。根据语境可知这里表示“低估”, 应在estimate前加上前缀under-(表示“不足,不够”),故填underestimate。 11.with　考查介词。(be) overcome with表示“受到某种感情的极大影响”。故填with。句意:孩子们满心好奇,迫不及待地打开了生日礼物。 12.reality;are devoted　考查名词和动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。第一空前有不定冠词a和形容词sad,需填名词,real的名词形式为reality,这里取的是它具体化的意思“事实”,a sad reality意为“一个令人难过的事实”;第二空为but后面的分句的谓语部分,devote oneself to...意为“致力于……”,这里应用被动语态be devoted to,结合but前面的分句可知,这里描述的是当前阶段的情况,应用一般现在时,主语heroes为复数,故填are devoted。句意:在洛杉矶,无家可归的动物的数量不断增加,这是一个令人难过的事实,但像救援人员莉萨·阿图罗和莉萨·基亚雷利这样的英雄正致力于缓解动物无家可归的困境。 Ⅱ.1.far from　2.is comprised of　3.devote yourself to　4.am convinced of Ⅲ.1.Given that the deadline is　2.What upset me was that 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.himself　考查代词。设空处作considered的宾语,此处主语和宾语指同一个人,所以应填反身代词himself。句意:袁隆平以“杂交水稻之父”著称,但他一直认为自己是一个农民。 2.chose　考查时态。设空处在句中作谓语,根据其后的and received可知应用一般过去时。注意choose的过去式是chose,为不规则变化,故填chose。 3.convinced　考查形容词。sb. be convinced that...表示“某人坚信……”。故填形容词convinced。句意:他坚信,解决办法在于培育杂交水稻,而不是扩大田地……。 4.that　考查同位语从句。分析句子可知,空前为名词assumption,空后是对空前名词的解释说明,由此推知设空处引导同位语从句,因为该从句不缺成分,且语意完整,故填that。 5.without　考查介词。句意:……使农民能够在不扩大田地的情况下大幅增加产量。结合第二段第二句可知,此处表示“不(做某事)”,由without构成的介词短语在句中作状语,故填without。 6.consumption　考查名词。句意:据估计,现在大约有60%的国内大米消耗量产自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物。设空处表示“消耗量”,所以应填名词consumption。 7.generated　考查过去分词。设空处在句中作crops的后置定语,generate表示“产生”,是及物动词,crops与generate构成逻辑上的被动关系,所以应填过去分词形式,故填generated。 8.a　考查冠词。live a life of leisure意为“过着悠闲的生活”。故填a。 9.fulfilling　考查动名词。devote one’s life to doing sth.是固定短语,意为“献身于做某事”,因此设空处用动名词,故填fulfilling(注意双写l)。 10.who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词是scientist,指人,因此用关系代词who。 Ⅱ.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国著名农学家贾思勰及他撰写的《齐民要术》。 1.earliest　考查形容词最高级。句意:北魏末年,他撰写了中国现存的最早、最完整的农业百科全书《齐民要术》。由句意以及设空处前后的“the...and most...”可知,设空处应用形容词最高级。故填earliest。 2.a　考查冠词。此处是“a collection of”结构,意为“一批……”,rich的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。句意:童年时,贾家并不富裕,但有丰富的藏书。 3.widely　考查副词。句意:这给年轻的贾思勰提供了一个机会:广泛阅读有关农业的中国古代文献。设空处修饰动词read,在句中作状语,表示“广泛地”。故填widely。 4.suffering　考查名词。句意:他在战争期间完成了《齐民要术》,当时他看到了贫苦农民经受的大量的苦难。根据设空处前的amounts of可知设空处填不可数名词。故填suffering。 5.What　考查主语从句。句意:他内心深处相信的是农业的发展可以缓解粮食短缺,从而帮助那些农民摆脱困境。分析句子结构可知,“　5　 he believed deep down”在句中作主语,所以设空处引导主语从句,且从句中believed后面缺少宾语,指“……的事”,因此使用连接代词what,设空处位于句首,首字母要大写。故填What。  6.covers　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该书共有10卷92章,近12万字,涵盖了广泛的生产经验和方法的话题和档案。分析句子结构可知,该句主干为“The book　6　 a wide range of topics and records...”,设空处在句中作谓语。该句对著作进行介绍,应使用一般现在时,主语The book为单数概念,所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故填covers。  7.to generate　考查不定式。句意:在书中,他强调了育种以产生更好的变种的重要性。育种是为了产生更好的变种,设空处表示目的,应用不定式。故填to generate。 8.has been translated　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,由时间状语So far可知,应使用现在完成时;主语the book为单数,且与动词translate之间为被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been translated。句意:到目前为止,这本书已被翻译成了几种语言。 9.as　考查介词。句意:《齐民要术》被认为是农业知识的重要总结。consider...as...意为“认为……是……”,此处是被动语态。故填as。 10.majoring　考查现在分词。句意:目前,它仍然是中国农民和农业专业学生的研究对象。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语(is studied),所以设空处应填非谓语动词,空前的students与提示词major为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填majoring。 Ⅲ.A 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了服装产业是全球二氧化碳排放的主要来源,为了使其能够更加可持续地发展,一些更合适、更环保的替代材料正在出现。专家相信,循环设计和材料的创新会是时尚产业的未来。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段下面的饼状图可知,“Dyeing and finishing”是温室气体排放量最多的阶段,该阶段的温室气体排放量占比达36%。故选D。 2.C　细节理解题。根据“ALTERNATIVES”图表中各替代材料的关键信息“uses far less water and energy, helping reduce pollution and protect the soil”“recycled polyester lowers reliance on non-renewable fuels”“reduce methane emissions from sheep farming and cut wool’s environmental cost”“offers cruelty-free alternatives to conventional leather”和“prevent deforestation and protects biodiversity”可知,这些替代材料都很环保,旨在减少对环境的影响。故选C。 3.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中McCartney提到的“向可持续时尚转变的程度前所未见”和“时尚的未来在设计上具有修复性和再生性”可推知,McCartney强调了时尚会持续存在,并且会通过转变来适应环境。所以A项符合题意。故选A。 B 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是王大勇与云南高黎贡山咖啡产业的故事,讲述了王大勇的行动如何助力当地衰落的咖啡产业重焕生机。 4.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Yunnan’s high-altitude regions, along with its unique climate conditions, proved to be perfect for cultivating coffee.”可知,地理和气候优势让这个村庄成为咖啡种植的理想之地。故选C。 5.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“That’s how he learned about the once-splendid coffee history of the area. Afterwards, he became motivated to make a documentary in 2017”可知,了解到咖啡辉煌的历史激发了王大勇拍纪录片的灵感。故选D。 6.A　词义猜测题。画线单词所在句的语境为:为了追求利润,没有远见的农民开始将咖啡树紧密种植,种植密度从每十分之一公顷仅六十棵咖啡树增加到三百三十多棵,导致咖啡豆质量下降,当咖啡市场slumped时,许多当地人砍掉了种植了几十年的咖啡树,改种水果和蔬菜以维持生计。由此可知,咖啡豆质量差导致咖啡市场猛跌,然后农民们就砍掉了咖啡树,因此slumped的意思是“猛跌”,和collapsed“崩溃”意思相近。故选A。 7.A　主旨大意题。 Para. 1 2017 年王大勇在石梯寨拍视频,看到曾经贫瘠的山,如今山上种满咖啡树与本地树种 铺垫故事背景,解释当地咖啡产业发展的先天基础 Para. 2 云南的地理位置和独特气候适合种植咖啡 Para. 3 王大勇出差时了解到当地辉煌的咖啡历史,受此鼓舞,他在2017年开拍纪录片 交代核心矛盾(咖啡产业由盛转衰) Para. 4 农民密植导致咖啡豆质量差和市场猛跌,最终造成产业衰退 Para. 5 王大勇的纪录片获关注,他举办丰收节,咖啡销售成为村民主要收入来源,咖啡产业复苏 展示解决问题的具体路径,凸显个人行动对产业复苏的推动作用 分析文章结构可知,本文主要报道了云南高黎贡山咖啡产业由盛转衰,受到当地辉煌的咖啡历史的鼓舞,王大勇采取行动助力当地衰落的咖啡产业重焕生机。A项中的“Love for coffee”体现了王大勇对咖啡产业的情怀,“revives a mountain”既体现山林从“荒芜”到“咖啡树与本地树种共生”的生态复苏,也涵盖咖啡产业复苏带动乡村发展的深层含义,一语双关。故选A。 134 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $