Unit3 Diverse Cultures Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 Discovering Useful Structures Understand the use of ellipsis in English 新人教必修三 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Ⅰ Ellipsis What is Ellipsis? Why should we use Ellipsis? 为了避免重复，将句子中的一个或几个成分省去，这种语法现象叫省略。省略是避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法手段。 观察下列课文原句并思考它们的语法特征 1．This district used to be a poor area of town，but (it) is now a centre for art，music，and food. 2．(It is) A real mix of cultures here! 3．What great food (it is)! 4．(I) Can't wait! 1、4 2、3 2 二. 几种常见的省略情况 1. 简单句中的省略 2. 并列句中的省略 3. 复合句中的省略 4. 不定式的省略 1. 简单句中的省略 1. (You) Sit down, please. (你)请坐。 2. (You) Don't stop here. (你)不要停在这儿。 3. (I) Don't know. (我)不知道。 4. (You come) This way, please. 请(你)走这边。 5. —Are you thirsty? 你口渴吗? —Yes, I am (thirsty). 是的, 我是(口渴了)。 (1) _________句的主语通常省略。  (2) 口语中, 在不影响句意的前提下, 主谓、主语和部分谓语或者_________也可省略。 —Are you thirsty? 你口渴吗? —Yes, I am (thirsty). 是的, 我是(口渴了)。 【总结】 祈使 表语 练习： 1). Haven't seen you for ages. 　　　　 haven't seen you for ages. 2). Sounds like a good idea. 　　　　 sounds like a good idea. I It 1. 简单句中的省略 1. 简单句中的省略 练习： [即学即练1]——将下列句子改为省略句 (1)You have a seat，please! →___________________ (2)What a clever boy he is! →__________________ (3)I am looking forward to your early reply. →____________________________________ Have a seat，please! What a clever boy! Looking forward to your early reply. 2. 并列句中的省略 1. She came back and (she) turned on the TV. 她回来了，然后打开电视。 2. I came at eight but Henry (came) at nine. 我八点来，但是亨利九点来。 3. The news made me angry, while (the news made) my sister happy. 这个消息使我生气，然而却让我妹妹高兴。 【总结】 在由并列连词 ________、________、________等连接的并列句中, 后面的分句中可以省略与前面分句中相同的成分, 以避免重复。 and but while 2. 并列句中的省略 练习： 1). 吉米从自行车上跌了下来, 但(他)没有受伤。 Jimmy fell off his bike, but 　　　 　　　 . 2). 彼得通过了考试, 而比尔没有通过。 Peter passed the test but 　　　 　　　 . 3). 他的建议使约翰高兴, 但却让玛丽生气。 His suggestion made John happy, but 　　　　　 　　 . wasn't hurt Bill didn't Mary angry 2. 并列句中的省略 3. 复合句中的省略 1. I think (that) it will clear up this afternoon and that they will come to say goodbye to us. 我认为今天下午会放晴, 他们会来向我们告别的。 2. I know (that) he was late, but I don't know why (he was late). 我知道他迟到了, 但不知道原因。 3. —Do you think it will snow? 你认为会下雪吗? —I hope not. (I hope that it will not snow). 我希望不会。 1. 宾语从句中的省略 (1)在宾语从句中常省略连接词 　　　　，但当有两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略， 而其他的that常不可省略。 (2)由 　　　、 　　　　、　　　　、 　　　　和________引导的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去，只保留引导词。 I know that he will come to our city but I don't know when (he will come to our city). 我知道他将要来我们城市，但不知道他什么时候来。 【总结】 that which when where how why 1. 宾语从句中的省略 (3)在用I think、I believe、I hope、I guess、I'm afraid等作答的句子中，后面跟 　　　　与 　　　　分别等于肯定或否定。 —Do you think it will snow? 你认为会下雪吗? —I hope not. (I hope that it will not snow). 我希望不会。 【总结】 so not 1. 宾语从句中的省略 替代性省略 — Can they finish their work today? — I think so. — I don’t think so. / I think not. 英语中，可以使用so, _____或其他手段来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。 not Tips: hope, guess, be afraid 的否定形式只能用 not 的形式，不能用not ... so 的形式。 — The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they? — I guess not. 1. 他会回来，但他没有说什么时候回来。 He will come back, . 2. —我们明天要不要来一场考试？ — 我希望不要。 —Shall we have a test tomorrow? . 练习： but he doesn't say when I hope not 1. 宾语从句中的省略 2. 状语从句中的省略 1. When(the novel is) published, the novel will become one of the best-sellers of the year. 那本小说出版的时候将会成为年度畅销书之一。 2. If (you are) asked, you may come in. 如果被叫到, 你就可以进来。 3. Unless (it is) necessary, I will not attend the lecture. 除非必要, 否则我不去听讲座了。 1. 在when、while、though、as if、unless、if引导的状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，且从句的动词为be动词时，可将从句的　　　　和 　　　　省略。如果从句的主语是it，可以将it和be动词省掉。 省略改写以下句子： Wood gives off much smoke while it is burning. 木头燃烧时产生很多烟。 Will you be free this Sunday？If it is so，let's go camping. 这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。 【总结】 be 主语 2. 状语从句中的省略 [点津]　省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主动关系，则使用现在分词；若构成被动关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则使用不定式。 While/When (they are) traveling，people may learn something about different cultures. 旅行的时候，人们会学到一些不同的文化。 When (it is) heated，ice can be turned into water. 加热的时候冰可以变成水 2. 状语从句中的省略 (2)在than，as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。 They don't use more water than (it is) necessary. 他们使用的水没有超出所需量。 He runs as fast as Bob (runs). 他和鲍勃跑得一样快。 【总结】 [点津]　并非所有的状语从句都可以省略主语和be动词，由after，before，because等词引导的状语从句一般要改写成介词短语、分词短语等，用动名词代替be动词。 Because he was ill，he didn't attend the meeting. →Because of being ill，he didn't attend the meeting.(正) →Being ill，he didn't attend the meeting.(正) →Because ill，he didn't attend the meeting.(误) 2. 状语从句中的省略 练习： 1). 放烟花时你要小心。 You should be careful fireworks. 2). 必要时我会向你求助。 　　　　　　　　, I will turn to you for help. 3). 除非修理，否则这台机器是没有用的。 　　　　 　　　　, the machine is of no use. 4). 如果有任何问题，你可以问我。 You can ask me questions if 　　　　. when setting off When necessary Unless repaired any 2. 状语从句中的省略 3．定语从句中的省略 (1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom，which，that可省略(但whom，which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。 The man (whom) you saw yesterday fell ill. 你昨天见到的那个人病倒了。 (2)way意为“方式、方法”时，关系词that/in which可以省略。 The way (that/in which) he speaks to us is really annoying. 他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。 【总结】 3. 定语从句中的省略 练习： 1). 这是他所看过的电影中最差的一部。 This is the worst film　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　. 2). 他解决这道题的方法很有创造性。 The way 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 is very creative. he has ever seen he solved the problem 3. 定语从句中的省略 [即学即练3]——写出下列句中可以省略的部分/用省略结构改写复合句 (1)I believe that she will help you and that you will succeed.___________ (2)Is this the reason that he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？____ (3)Whenever it is possible，he will come to my help._____ (4)Although he was hard-working，he couldn't earn enough to support himself. →_____________________，he couldn't earn enough to support himself. (5)Don't spend more money than it is necessary. →Don't spend more money ______________． 第一个that that it is Although hard-working than necessary 练习： VI Ellipsis in other situations 1.动词不定式的省略 1. — Will you go with me ? — Well, I’d like to (go with you). 2. He didn’t come, but he ought to have (come). 3. I saw him enter the room just now. = He was seen to enter the room just now by me. 有些动词 (词组)，如want, wish, expect, hope, would like, try, forget等后面的不定式作______时，为了避免重复，可以省略动词只保留到 _____，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有系动词 be 和助动词 have，这些动词就要保留。 感官动词 (词组), see, look at, hear, listen to, notice, watch 等和使役动词 make, let, have 等的后面作宾补的不定式要省略 _____；但此类动词用于被动语态时 to 不可省略。 宾语 to to 1.动词不定式的省略 4. She’d like to take off her coat and (to) have a break. 5. It’s more difficult to do than to say. 做比说难(强调语意前后对比)。 6.All the chairman could do was nothing but (to) wait and (to) see. 在某些句式中，如介词 but（除了），except 前有动词 do 的任何形式，后面的不定式要省略______。 两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个带to，后面省去_____；但如果两个不定式表示对比、对照关系时，则to不可省略。 to to 2.介词的省略 1. She spends half an hour (in) doing some reading every day. 2. The heavy rain prevented him (from) coming. 3. I have trouble / difficulty (in) solving this problem. 在英语中，一些与动词、名词、形容词搭配的______常被省略，只保留后面的动名词。如 : (1)have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. (2)be busy (in) doing sth. (3)spend some time (in) doing sth. (4)stop/prevent sb.(from) doing sth. 介词 1. —Will you join us? —I would 　　　　　　. (我愿意去) 2. —Hasn't he finished writing the report? —No, but he 　　　　　　 　　　. (本应该完成) 3. I told him to sit down and (等待)a moment. 4. The boy did nothing but　　　　 (玩耍). 5. The boss made us 　　　　(工作) 12 hours a day. 练习： love/like to ought to have wait for play work Rewrite the sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts.P30 Ex.2 1. You mean you are planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday? It sounds like a good idea. 2. He tried to solve his financial problems, but he couldn’t solve the problems. Sounds like a good idea. …but couldn’t. adj. 大西洋的 adj. 财务的;金融的 3. If it is necessary, I’ll finish my report on American poetry as soon as it is possible. 4. Are you going to dress like that? Wearing a dress might be better than wearing jeans and boots. Wearing a dress might be better than that. If necessary, I’ll finish my report on American poetry as soon as possible. n. 诗歌;诗作 n. 牛仔裤 n. 靴子 5. Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and some are not poisonous. 6. I really like that paper folding book, and my son likes that paper folding book, too. …, and my son/does, too. Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and some are not. n. 蘑菇 adj. 有毒的 n.&v. poison v. 包;裹;折叠 三. 综合练习 Change the sentences into elliptical ones. 1. She likes singing and she likes dancing. 2. Is this the driver that you talked about yesterday? 3. I know she cried last night, but I don't know why she cried. 4. He could not decide whether to buy the car or not to buy the car. 5. When it is heated, the metal expands. 6. She wants to go but Tom won't allow her to go. 7. My father designed all these houses and my father built them two years ago. 8. He is the last person that I want to see. 9. He worked hard but his brother did not work hard. 10. While he was reading the newspaper, grandpa nodded from time to time. 11. He went to the doctor because he had to go to the doctor. 12. The reference books that you ordered last month haven't arrived yet. 13. We tested the depth of the water and the temperature of the water. 14. Although he is very busy, he will do it for us. 15. Whenever it is possible, he will come. Read the conversation. Find out which words have been left out. Justin: Linlin, I'm going to Guizhou Province next month. I'm super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit? Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit... well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first. Justin: What's special about the waterfall? Do you have in Guizhou Province that’s What are some is the place to visit in Guizhou Province 33 Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West? Justin: Yes, I have. Why? Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you wil find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King. Justin: Really? Cool! I'll definitely check it out. Linlin: And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You'll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought. Justin: Sounds great, thanks! heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West. That’s do you ask if I have heard of the novel Huangguoshu from Journey to the West. true it’s on your trip to Guizhou Province it was This all 34 Thanks $