Unit 5 Learning About Language一语法·提高语言能力-【创新大课堂系列】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步辅导与测试(人教版)

Unit 5 POEMS Learning about language一语法·提高语言能力 1,复习定语从句；正确理解各类定语从句的功能、意义和用法。 课时目标 2.能够灵活运用定语从句结构，培养语篇意识和逻辑思维能力。 3.激发学习诗歌的兴趣；能够灵活运用定语从句描述一位自己喜欢的诗人。 Part 1 单元语法 复习定语从句 图解·语法脉络 精讲·语法知识 关系代词的用法 、关系代词的用法 定 关系代词that和which的用法区别 关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 关系副词的用法 who 人 主、宾、表 4 句 “介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句 whom 人 宾 which 限制性定语从句与非限制 物 主、宾、表 that 人或物 主、宾、表 限制性定语从句与 性定语从句的区别 非限制性定语从句 as 人或物 主、宾、表 as和which引导的非限制 性定语从句的区别 whose 人或物 定 感知·语法规律 The person that/who tricked me was one of my classmates. 观察下面的句子，并感知定语从句的用法。 骗我的那个人是我的一个同学。 1.List poems have a flexible line length and: The girl(that/whom/who)I read about in the repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a newspaper has just won a gold medal. rhythm to the poem. 我在报纸上读到的那位女孩刚刚赢得了一枚金牌。 2.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the "list This is the textbook(that/which)he is looking poem",which contains a list of things,people, for. ideas,or descriptions that develop a particular 这就是他正在找的课本。 theme. Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose 3.The boy(whom)the teacher often praises is their parents have gone to Beijing. monitor. 王小姐正在照顾那个父母去了北京的小孩。 4.Workers built shelters for survivors whose: Such people as have made contributions to the homes had been destroyed. world should be respected. .Ancient China was a place where states were[名师提醒] 那些对世界做出贡献的人应受到尊重。 often at war with each other. :l.关系代词who,whom,which,that在从句中作宾 6.But it was also a time when there were many 语时可省略；但介词提前时不能省略，也不能用 great philosophers. that。who可取代whom在从句中作动词的宾 7.There are various reasons why people compose 语，也可省略。直接跟在介词后面作宾语时，只 poetry. 能用whom,且不能省略。 8.Do you know the girl with/to whom the teacher2.whose既表示人又表示物，在从句中作定语，往往 talked just now? 修饰名词，whose常表达“某人的，某物的”之意。 9.Another simple form of poem that amateurs can whose表示物时，whose十名词=the十名词+of easily write is the cinquain,which is made up of which;表示人时，whose十名词=the十名词+of five lines. whom。 10.The haiku poem (E)on the right is a translation They are looking for the patient on whom from Japanese,which shows a moment in the life of a doctors have just performed an operation. delicate butterfly. 他们正在寻找医生刚刚给做过手术的那位病人。 125 英语选择性必修第三册 Please pass me the book whose cover(=the cover This is the only coat(that)I have. of which)is green. : 这是我拥有的唯一的外套。 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 This is the most attractive match(that)I have 3.as用在限制性定语从句中时，先行词必须有 watched. such,so,as或the same等修饰，且as在从句中 这是我所看过的最吸引人的一场比赛。 作宾语时不能省略。 She took photos of people and things(that)she Do you have such books as we like? was interested in. 你有我们喜欢的那种书吗？ 她给她所感兴趣的人和物拍照。 It's the same person as we wanted to find yesterday. Who was the person that helped the girl out? 我们昨天要找的是同一个人。 帮助那个女孩摆脱困境的人是谁？ She will marry as wealthy a man as she can find. Your disease is not the case that it used to be. 她将嫁给一个她能找到的有钱人。 你的病已经不是过去的情况了。 即时训练1用关系代词填空 The world in which we live is made up of matter. ①(2021·全国卷I)Silent onstage 我们生活于其中的世界是由物质组成的。 communication is key,and each pianist has their The sun heats the earth,which makes it possible own style of“nodding”to indicate a page turn for plants to grow. they need to practise with their page 太阳给予大地热量，这就使植物的生长成为可能。 turner. 即时训练2用关系代词填空 ②（北京卷语法填空）The students benefiting DThis is the most beautiful park most from college are those are totally have visited. engaged(参与)in academic life.. 2We often talk about the persons and things ③This is the person you should thank 、 we remember. for helping your son. 3There are a great number of attractions in 4Look,here are some people I want you Tianjin,among I like the Ancient to meet. Cultural Street best. 5To improve learning efficiency,students must ④（全国卷Ⅱ语法填空）Now Irene Astbury spend more time focusing on the skills works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in they are weak in. Macclesfield, she opened with her late 6I can't help but remember the precious child; husband Les. smile has brought me countless hours 5The result is not the same they had of joy throughout the years. expected, was rather disappointing. 二、关系代词that和which的用法区别 三、关系副词的用法 关系副词when,why,where在定语从句中分别 ①先行词是all,much,few,little,everything, anything,something,nothing,none等不定代 代替表示时间、原因、地点的先行词，并分别在从 词时 句中作时间、原因、地点状语。另外关系副词也 ②先行词被any,few,little,much,some,no 可根据其在句中的搭配关系，转换成“介词十关 等词修饰或被the only,the very,the same, 系代词”的结构。 the last等修饰时 关系副词 被代替的先行词 在从句中的作用 ③先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词前有形 只用that 容词最高级修饰时 when 表示时间的名词 时间状语 的情况 ④先行词是序数词或先行词前有序数词（对 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语 其进行)修饰时 ⑤先行词既指人又指物时 表示原因的名词 why (只用reason) 原因状语 ⑥主句是who或which等引出的特殊疑问句 时 ⑦先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在从句中 We don't know the exact time when(=at which) 作表语时 the English Evening will be held.(时间状语) 我们不知道英语晚会举行的确切时间。 只用which①在非限制性定语从句中用which不用that We live in this society now where(-in which) 的情况 ②介词后边用which不用that actually someone is always helping.(地点状语) All(that)the graduate lacks is practice. 我们现在生活在这样一个社会里，实际上总是有 那位毕业生缺少的只是实践。 人在帮助我们。 126 Unit 5 POEMS Is this the reason why(=for which)he refused:四、“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句 our offer?(原因状语) :1.“介词十关系代词”结构引导定语从句时，关系代 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)，即介词 [名师提醒] 十which/whom,并且不能省略。 1.如果引导词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则用： If you have anything on which you want my 关系代词that/which引导。 opinions,feel free to see me. At last he got the position(that/which)he had: 如果你们有什么事需要征求我的意见的话，随时 been dreaming of. 来找我。 他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。 I took a photo of the students,among whom was Do you still remember the days(which/that)we seated a teacher. spent together in school? 我给这些学生拍了一张照片，他们中间坐着一位 你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？ 老师。 2.当先行词为表示方式的the way且在从句中作状2.“介词+关系代词(which/whom)”中介词的选 语时，从句不能用how来引导，应该用that或in: 择：一先，二动，三意义。 which,或省略不用。 (1)“一先”，即根据先行词来确定介词。 We admire the way(that/in which)he solved the The factory in which I'm working mainly problem. produces computers..(in which代替in the 我们敬佩他解决这一问题的方式。 factory,“在工厂里”用介词in。) 3.表示抽象地点的名词(case,scene,stage,career, 我所工作的工厂主要生产电脑。 situation,condition,step,point等)作先行词，且 (2)“二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词来确 从句中缺少地点状语时，常用关系副词where引： 定介词。 导定语从句。 In the dark street there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.(to whom代替to There are cases where(=in which)the word “mighty'”is used as an adverb. a person;turn to sb for help“向某人求助”。) 在漆黑的街道上她没有一个人可以求助。 在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。 4.occasion等作先行词时，且从句中缺少时间状语， (3)“三意义”，即根据定语从句的意义来确定 介词。 常用关系副词when。 In the office I never seem to have time until after There are occasions when(=on which)one must 5:30 p.m.,by which time many people have yield.(时间状语) gone home. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 在办公室里，我要到下午5：30之后才能有点空 即时训练3用关系词填空 闲，到那时，许多人已经回家了。 ①（江苏卷单选）We have entered into an age [名师提醒]①介词前有时加名词、数词、不定 dreams have the best chance of coming true. : 代词等，构成“名词/数词/不定代词十of which/ 2Everyone in the world has a dream,a passion in whom”结构，在定语从句中作主语。 their life urges them to move forward. English is a language shared by several diverse 3TV show provides women a stage cultures,each of which uses it differently. they show their natural talent,rather than their 英语是一种多元文化共享的语言，每一种文化使 looks. : 用它的方式各不相同。 ④The way he explained to us was I collected some books,the covers of which ( quite simple. whose covers/of which the covers)are yellow 5Occasions are quite rare I have the with years. time to spend a day with the kids. 我收藏了一些书，它们的封面因年代久远都变 6Between the two parts of the concert is an 黄了。 interval, the audience can buy ice-cream. ②“复合介词十which”引导的定语从句，常用逗 DCan you help me to think of a reason 号与先行词隔开，而且定语从句常用倒装语序。 seems reasonable for my being absent? He lived in a big house,in front of which stood a 8Do you still remember the chicken farm big tall tree. we visited three months ago? 他住在一幢大房子里，房前有一棵大树。 127 英语选择性必修第三册 即时训练4单句语法填空 As we all know,a person's words should correspond ①(2020·江苏卷单选)Many lessons are now with his deeds. available online,from students can 我们都知道，一个人应该言行一致 choose for free. He worked out the complicated problem,which 2The old man has two sons,both of made his parents very happy. are lawyers. 他解决了这个复杂问题，这让他的父母很高兴。 ③My computer,.without I can't surf 即时训练5用关系词填空 the Internet,broke down yesterday. ①(2021·全国卷I)Rome can be pricey for ④The author whom all of us are travelers, is why many choose to stay familiar will visit our company. in a hostel(旅社). 5The clever boy made a hole in the wall, ②“This works just like physical exercise,”says which he could see what was happening Francisca Then, led the study. inside the house. 3Communication technology has entered the 5G 6Scientists have come up with many theories era, will surely bring great changes to about why humans cry,none of has : our life. been proved. 1A guide led us to the strawberry field, 五、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 we saw fresh inviting red strawberries. 1.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 ⑤ is known to us,nothing can be 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 achieved without dedication and frustration. 和先行词的关系密切（删 和先行词关系不密切（起补 语境综合应用 除后影响整个句子意义 充说明的作用，删掉后不影 的表达) 响整个句子意思的表达) 用合适的关系代词或关系副词填空 Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and 不用逗号隔开 般用逗号隔开 writer 1. wrote around 500 books 可用that/which/whom 不可以用that引导，只能用 2 included mystery stories,science 等引导 which/.whom等引导 and history books,and even books about Shakespeare.But his best-known work was his 只可以修饰先行词，不可 以修饰主句或主句的 既可以修饰先行词，也可以 science fiction stories.Asimov had both an 部分 修饰主句或主句的一部分 extraordinary imagination 3. gave him the ability to explore future worlds and an He is the man who came to see you yesterday. amazing mind with 4. he searched 他是昨天来看你的那个人。 for explanations of everything in the present and The sports meeting was put off,which astonished us. the past.Asimov's life began in Russia,5. 运动会推迟了，这让我们很吃惊。 he was born on 2 January,1920.It ended 2.as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别 in New York on 6 April,1992,6. he 引导非限制性定语从句时，修饰整句话或整件事。 died as a result of an HIV infection 7. 可放在主句前、中、后，as常意为“正如…，正像 as he had got from a blood transfusion nine years …”。从句的谓语动词多为see,know,expect, say,mention,report等 earlier.When Asimov was three,he moved to New York with his family.There his parents bought a 引导非限制性定语从句时，修饰整句话或整件事 candy store 8. they ran for the next 也可修饰先行词。只能置于主句后，常意为“这 which 40 or so years.At the age of nine,9. 点，这件事”等，wich引导的从句与主句之间常 his mother was pregnant with her third child, 含有并列或因果关系 Asimov started working in the candy store. Part 2 精析 核心要点 1.In these poems the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic ★sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的 understanding of children's feelings. [思考感知] 在这些诗歌中，诗人泰戈尔对儿童的情感表现出： ①（以文化人助写作）His loving and selfless nature 同情的理解。 has inspired me to become more sympathetic and 128 Unit 5 POEMS considerate,putting others first. ★correspondence n.来往信件；通信联系 他充满爱的、无私的天性已经激励我变得更加有： [思考感知] 同情心、体贴，总是先为别人考虑。 DIn African languages there is a close correspondence 2I have a lot of sympathy for her;she brought between sounds and letters. up the children on her own. 在非洲各语言中，语音和字母之间有着密切的对 我非常同情她，她独自把孩子们抚养成人。 应关系。 3I am in sympathy with this point of view,even 2We have the same ambition,so I have been in if most people don't. 我赞同这种观点，即使大多数人不这么认为。 correspondence with him for months. 我们有共同的志向，所以我已经和他通信好几个 sympathy n. 同情；赞同 月了。 feel/have sympathy for sb. 对某人感到同情 归纳点拨 win the sympathy of... 赢得…的同情 3The American Congress corresponds to the in sympathy with... 同情…；赞成…； British Parliament. 和一致 美国的国会相当于英国的议会。 out of sympathy 出于同情 (1)keep up(a)correspondence with sb. [联想发散] 与sympathy同义，都有“同情”之 与某人保持通信联系 意的还有： in correspondence with...和…一致；与…有通信 归 pity(怜悯；同情)，mercy(仁慈；怜悯)，compassion 联系 (同情)。 毚 (2)correspond vi. 相一致；符合；相当于；通信 [活学巧用] (单句语法填空) correspond to... 和…相一致/相符合 ④I'm here if you need a (sympathy) correspond with... 与…通信；和…相一致 ear. /相符合 ⑤I'm sympathy with you on that [活学巧用]（单句语法填空） point. 4I assure you my actions will correspond 6What he had done won the sympathy my words. judges. ⑤The editor welcomes correspond DAfter hearing the story,he felt sympathy from readers on any subject. her present situation. 6 What she has just said isn't 2.Browning fell in love with her poetry and then correspondence with the views of the majority. they entered into personal correspondence. 勃朗宁爱上了她的诗歌，然后他们开始了私人 ⑦I corresponded Mary in the past several 通信。 months when she took care of my mother. Part 3 随堂练 把知能落实 I.单句语法填空 :6.Some time after 10,000 BC,people made the 1.Children,in my opinion, creative ability is first real attempt to control the world they lived unbelievably rich,should be trained in that area. through agriculture. 2.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Jaramillo's students live in :7.(2023·新高考甲卷)This place is good for a neighborhoods fresh food and green candlelit dinner or a work meeting with space are not easy to find and fast food colleagues appreciate fine food. 8.The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans restaurants outnumber grocery stores. Sloane,for example,formed the core collection 3.I am looking forward to the day my of the British Museum opened in daughter can read this book and know my feelings for 1759. her. :9.Self-driving is an area China and the 4.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes rest of the world are on the same starting line. every year,90%of are sold abroad. 10.Learning another language is like stepping out 5.The reason he was late was that of a door, which I can look back and something was wrong with his bike on the way. see more clearly my own language. 129 英语选择性必修第三册 11. is widely accepted,in the Middle East 我喜欢这些中国小吃的名字，它们反映了中国人 Arabs greet each other by touching noses,but 的智慧。 this is not a polite way of greeting in other 6.Watching TV, can cultures. : obviously increase our knowledge. 12.Between the two halves of the football game is 看电视是放松的好方式。它显然还能增加我们 a 15-minute break, the audience can 的知识。 have a rest. 7.Any student can get Ⅱ.补全句子 help from the government. 1.Go for a walk in the countryside, 任何因家庭太穷而无法上学的学生都可以从政 府获得帮助。 去郊外散散步，在那里你可以欣赏美丽的风景，：8.I wish to thank Professor Brown, 享受宁静的气氛。 I would never have got this. 2.This is the most wonderful novel 我要感谢布朗教授，没有他的帮助我不可能得到 这个。 这是我曾经看过的最精彩的小说。 9.All the neighbors admire this family 3.The movie,Amazing China, ,is very encouraging 所有的邻居都很羡慕这家人，他们的父母把孩子 我昨天晚上看的电影《厉害了，我的国》令人倍受 当朋友一样对待。 鼓舞。 10.We will always remember the moment 4.I made a card for Mom, 我们将永远记住我的同学李冲越过终点线的那 我给妈妈制作了一张卡片，她最爱我。 一刻。 5.I like these names of Chinese snacks, 温馨提示 请做课时分层检测（十八） Using Language-一运用·巩固语言技能 能够从不同的维度赏析诗歌作品，领会作者的思想感情和作品的内涵；开阔思路，运用所学语言创作诗歌，表达 课时目标 内心的真实情感。 Part 1 多背诵 充盈词汇 一、背阅读单词一知其意 4. 名 悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 1.string n. 细绳；线；一串 adj.复杂的；难懂的 ut. (strung,strung)悬挂；系 6 n. 变化；变体；变奏曲 adj. 弦乐器的；线织的 7. n. 偏见；成见 2.wherever conj.在任何地方；在所有…的情况下 ut. 使怀有（或形成）偏见 adu.(用于问句)究竞在（到）哪里 三、背拓展单词一通其变 1.vary vi..变化；变异vt.改变；使多样化→ 3.barren adj. 贫瘠的；不结果实的 n.变化；变体；变奏曲 二、背重点单词一记其形 2.race n.属；种；种族；人种u. adj.种族 1 adj.最后期限；截止日期 的；人种的 2. n. 比赛；竞赛；竞争 3.prejudice n.偏见；成见vt.使怀有（或形成）偏见； ut. 争取赢得（比赛、选举等）；争辩 : 损害→ adj.怀有偏见的；有成见的 3. vt. 修改；润色；抛光 :四、积必备词块一多积才行 n. 上光剂；抛光；擦亮 :1. 列出一张…单子 1309.sympathetic 10.innocence 11.correspondence 12.sower '即时训练5①which②who③which④where⑤As 四，l,in one's mind2.to the point3,make sense4.play with the语境综合应用 words 5.be made up of 6.in just a few words 7.consist of 1.who 2.that/which 3.that/which 4.which 5.where 8.be popular with 9.in particular 10.translate into 11.choose from 6.when 7.that/which 8.that/which 9.when 12.give it a try ,1.why we human beings should fully protect our oceans 2.aren't Part 2 easy to get rid of3.while65 percent prefer listening to English1.④sympathetic⑤in⑥of⑦for songs 4.With so much work to do :2.④with/to⑤correspondence⑥in⑦with Part 2 Part 3 第二遍 I.1.whose 2.where 3.when 4.which 5.why 6.in 7.who 步骤一 8.which/that 9.where 10.through 11.As 12.when D 步骤二 II.1.where you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere 2.that/which I have ever read 3.which I watched last night 阅读文章第一、二段 4.who loves me most 5.which reflect the wisdom of Chinese 1.C 2.(DThere might be several reasons why such as food,medicine and people 6.which is a good way to relax 7.whose family is too poor to go to school 8.without whose help 9.where the parents s0 on 阅读文章第三段 are treating their child like a friend 10.when my classmate Li 1.(1)D(2)C Chong crossed the finish line 2.Dwhile the others played tennis Using Language 2while there is little in the northeast 阅读文章第四至七段 Part 1 1.(1)B(2)B ,1.deadline 2.contest 3.polish 4.grief 5.complicated 2.①spreads easily②just a suggestion ③clear readable 6.variation 7.prejudice ④In a moment⑤give it a try 三，l.variation2.racial3.prejudiced 步骤三 ,1.make a list of 2.keep up with 3.hold onto 4.in addition to ①storyline②rhythm a③repeat④flexible⑤pattern ⑤five 5.in the beginning ⑦mood⑧three⑨feeling⑩English !五，3.learnt Part 3 Part 2 第一板块 Pre-reading l.④sorrowful⑤over⑥expressed their sorrow '1.the wind dreams love ⑦mixed joy with sorrow While-reading 2.2It doesn't make sense/It makes no sense to buy 3In a sense 4There is no sense in making I.1.kite 2.knows/goes 3.can/ran 4.kite/night 5.blew/too ⑤no⑥of⑦arguing 6.goes/knows 7.dreams 8.die/fly 9.go/snow 10.love 11.rose 12.leaf 13.fields 3.④out⑤for⑥of⑦is made up of③is composed of ③consists of iActivity 11.D 2.B 4.④into⑤out⑥for⑦tease her about 第二板块 iActivity 2 1.Poem A:(1)(5)Poem B:(1)(2)Poem C:(1)(2)(3) 2.Dto get comfortable is difficult to answer is comfortable Post-reading to breathe is pleasant to enjoy Activity 1 3.①passing②bought③to solve④With John away i1.The rhyming words make the poems pleasing to read and recite 2.The answer may vary. Part 4 3.The answer may vary I.1.drama 2.imagery 3.rhythm 4.folk 5.comprehension Activity 2 6.mood 7.revolves 8.literary 9.dawn 10.amateurs 1.consists 2.written 3.mainly 4.which 5.importance II.1.sorrowful 2.respectively 3.delicately 4.recitation 6.comparing 7.poet's 8.without 9.an 10.loyalty 5.comprehension 6.literature 7.dramatic 8.was teased Activity 3 9.1n10.for !1,复合句状语宾语后来当我发现它，它吹向任何地方，我会知道 IlI.1.is popular with 2.is made up of 3.to the point 4.make sense 风，也曾经去过那里。 5.such as 6.choose from 7.in particular 8.give it a try !2.复合句让步状语虽然一开始这些歌曲和故事的格式很简单，但 NV.1.Much to my sorrow,the T-shirt I bought from your online store 随着时间的推移，它们变得更加复杂，更加优美了。 is of poor quality. :3.复合句状语根据你从这本书中对范仲淹和苏轼的了解，你认为 2.Besides,the reason why I am in a bad mood is that I have dialed 他们有什么共同之处？ your service number many times,only to be repeatedly told that it' Part 3 was occupied. 3.There is no sense in quarreling with you. !第一板块 4.What matters most is how you can make up for your mistake.1.2you might come up with up with 5with 5.It makes sense that I send the T-shirt to you and you pay for the'2.④against⑤prejudiced⑥vt.掼害 transportation expenses. !第二板块 V.1.descriptive 2.arrangement 3.a 4.to 5.repeated !l.①it②heard③felt it difficult to make me understood 6.is made 7.containing 8.respectively 9.which 10.to choose make it easier for the other person to go Learning About Language i2.①Wherever you choose to travel②wherever you go③Whenever I have to give a speech whoever makes the most beautiful kite Part 1 Part 4 精讲·语法知识 即时训l练1①which②who/that③who/whom/that 第二步 ④who/whom/that⑤that/which⑥whose 1.was written by 2.rather than 3.suffering a lot from 即时训练2①that②that③which④which⑤as which 4.seems meaningless to 5.How much peace means to 6.simple and 即时训练3①when②that/which③where④that/in which/不填 ito the point 7.have the hope in their mind 8.belong to them ⑤when⑥when⑦that/which⑧that/which/不填 第三步 即时训练4①which②whom③which④with⑤through 1.This is a poem written by an Iraqi child. ⑥which 1 2.but father means much to him and the family 221