课时分层检测(11)阅读写作融会练-【创新大课堂系列】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步辅导与测试(人教版)

班级 姓名 课时分层检测（十 I.阅读理解 It's becoming more and more common to get energy from the sun and the wind.That's because these clean energy sources generate electricity without polluting the environment. Just as important is that they don't release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,which traps the sun's heat and contributes to the changing climate. Solar and wind power have one big disadvantage:they're not always available.The sun only shines during the day.The wind comes and goes.There are very few places where the wind is constant enough to generate electricity all the time. But ocean waves?Waves crash onto the shore morning,noon and night.That makes them ideal for generating energy around the clock.Now scientists are figuring out how much energy waves could offer. When the wind blows across the surface of the water,it creates waves.If you've ever seen white caps on the surface of the lake on a windy day,you've seen this in action.The wind causes the surface of the water to bob up and down.It doesn't actually go very far.Rather,it moves in circles-up,up,up to the top of the wave,and then down,down,down to the other side. That's true,at least,when the water is very deep.Those gently bobbing waves are called swells(涌浪)，but waves change when they get close to the shore. To figure out the best sites,scientists have turned to computer models called SWAN.Joao Morim Nascimento and Nick Cartwright are environmental engineers in Australia.They wanted to find good places for wave-energy converters(转换器)along their country's southeast coast.SWAN predicted the strength and location of ocean-wave energy.The model helped the team find the places with an abundance of wave energy. "There is more than enough natural energy in the ocean,”Cartwright said..“The 得分 阅读写作融会练 challenge is to harness and change enough of it into power that people can use."Part of that challenge is the ocean itself.Waves constantly pound against the equipment.The hardware can also experience some extreme weather. "Very large storm waves can damage the converters,.”he said.“Also,salty sea water breaks down metal parts." 1.What can we know about the movement of sea water? A.It goes a long distance. B.It moves like shapes of caps. C.It moves mainly in circles. D.The surface of the water flows faster. 2.What's the use of SWAN according to the text? A.Finding suitable places to use ocean energy. B.Helping scientists look for swells. C.Finding energy sources for some cities. D.Helping scientists look for wave power. 3.What does the underlined word“harness'”in the last paragraph mean? A.Control. B.Break. C.Predict. D.Improve. 4.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.The natural energy is unlimited. B.Converters are very expensive. C.It's not easy to use ocean energy. D.Converters have begun making electricity. Ⅱ.完形填空 It's been seven months since I arrived in Melbourne,Australia.Things have 1 dramatically in a short time.During the first few weeks,I was nervous but 2 to begin a whole new life here.3,after several weeks,the excitement 4 and homesickness set in.It wasn't a 5 feeling but enough to make me 6 at night missing family and friends back home.How I wished I could have been with them! Things started to 7 after I spent some wonderful time with my new friends.We practiced languages,talked about cultural differences and saw new places as a 8.I was impressed by how 9 it is to have good 班级 姓名 people in your life,because they can make such a(n)10 11 to Melbourne after going home for Christmas felt like returning to a second 12 ,a place where I belonged and there were people I cared about.With days passing by,more people 13 my life;they came with not only kindness and company,but also novel ideas and anything that great friends could have. To travel and visit other places is one of the most 14 things you can do in life.15 other cultures and learning about the world are such meaningful things to do. 1.A.passed B.disappeared C.changed D.stopped 2.A.frightened B.eager C.worried D.content 3.A.However B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Moreover 4.A.built up B.came back C.took over D.died down 5.A.powerful B.natural C.obvious D.negative 6.A.emotionless B.fearless C.sleepless D.aimless 7.A.happen B.improve C.increase D.worsen 8.A.group B.newcomer C.community D.visitor 9.A.rare B.pitiful C.romantic D.important 10.A.commitment B.impression C.difference D.remark 11.A.Adapting B.Returning C.Referring D.Belonging 12.A.school B.world C.town D.home 13.A.rescued B.entered C.ruined D.controlled 14.A.difficult B.costly C.painful D.satisfying 15.A.Spreading B.Developing C.Experiencing D.Influencing Ⅲ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开 头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A holiday in Penang is an annual affair for my family.My parents grew up in Penang and are very fond of Penang food.In December every year,we would drive up to the island to 得分 spend three days visiting their f favorite food haunts(常去的地方). This year,we started our journey up north on a Friday morning.It took us six hours to reach our destination.We always stayed at one of the hotels in Batu Ferringhi.The beach was just a short walk from the hotel entrance and our rooms had a lovely view of the sea.We spent our first evening playing on the beach. After dinner,we returned to our rooms to play games.My parents had a rule for our holidays which was that we were to spend time doing things together.There was to be no TV and no Internet. The next morning,we went to Bukit Bendera and then spent the rest of the afternoon in town visiting our favorite hawker stalls(小贩摊位).As we were having tea at a coffee shop,we overheard people talking about an earthquake near Sumatera, an island in Indonesia.We headed back to the hotel and then went to the beach.We took a walk along the beach,picking up seashells along the way. Looking up,I saw the sun shining brighter than I ever knew before.I saw a tree trembling in the distance as it reflected the sun's rays.It never occurred to us that something awful would take place.Suddenly,I noticed a strange thing.The sea seemed to be leaving from the shore.I called my father to look at the curious occurrence.My father took one look and went pale.We saw a grey line in the distance moving towards the shore.It seemed to grow taller by the second. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1: My father shouted at us to run back to the hotel. Paragraph 2: We waited a long time before going downstairs. 32.C「根据后文可知，后文主要列举了人们用许多材料进行造船试： emotional情感的。根据“She deeply loves water,..”可知，因为非常 验，C选项“人们试验了不同种类的浮舟”符合语境，故选C。] 喜爱水，所以海洋，湖泊，游泳池，甚至是一个简单的浴缸都能使她 3.B[根据上文“Boats like the Greek trireme(三列桨船)were big 高兴。 and heavy and hard to steer,”可知，上文提到三列桨船又大又重，难l5.C[incredibly难以置信地；selfishly自私地；unconditionally无条 以驾驶，故B选项“划那样一艘船需要几百名桨手”承接上文，说明1 件地；slightly轻微地。根据“It is selfless service that RAW is all 了结果，符合语境，故选B。 about'”可知，此处表示“她教会了我和我的家人如何无条件地去 4,G[根据上文“When steam engines were invented,boating became 爱”。] easier than ever..”以及后文“As engines got bigger and better,so did!Ⅲ.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，讲述了世界最大的冰山有可能撞 bots.”可知，本段主要说明蒸汽机的发明对船的影响，G选项中！上南乔治亚岛，对那里的生物造成一定的影响。 steam engines对应上文中steam engines。故选G。] !I,a[考查冠词。可数名词is(风险)在句中表示“某种很高的风 5.D[根据上文“()ver the years,boats have been used for fishing,forI 险”，泛指，前面应使用不定冠词修饰，又因空格后单词hgh的发音 fighting,for carrying goods,for fun一even for living on.”可知，本句 以辅音音素开头，所以应使用不定冠词a。] 是对全文的总结，D选项“船已经把世界上的水道变成了高速公路”：2.named[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，提示词name(命 是对文章的概括和总结，符合语境，故选D。] 名，给…取名)是非谓语动词，作后置定语，与逻辑主语The 课时分层检测（十） iceberg之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。] 3.possibility [考查名词。根据设空处前不定冠词a(n)可知，设空处 I,语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。海洋在食物和交通运输方面都给 应用单数名词possibility作主语。] 我们提供便利，因此它在人类生活中扮演着非常重要的作用。但人类 4.be blocked[考查动词语态。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入动 一味索取，从不考虑海洋的可持续性。过度捕捞会摧毁整个海洋生态 词，与情态动词could共同作谓语，动词block与主语routes之间是 系统，导致某些海洋物种灭绝或处于灭绝的边缘。 被动关系，因而用被动语态，情态动词后be动词用原形。故填be 1,B[推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，据估计海洋里有大约 blocked。 230000种海洋生物，但一些海洋科学家认为等着我们去发现的数！5.that/which[考查定语从句关系词。分析句子可知，设空处引导限 量是现在的10倍。由此推测，通过第一段我们可以知道，我们需要 制性定语从句，先行词为the period,关系词代替先行词在从句中作 更多地探索海洋生物。故选B。] 主语，应用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。] 2.D[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They serve many functions 6.matters 「考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，matter are close to the sea.”可知，大多数主要城市靠近大海是因为海洋提 是主句谓语动词，根据语境可知，应用一般现在时，主语the actual 供了便利的交通运输。故选D。 distance是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。] 3.D[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，人们对海洋的观点是：！7.starving [考查非谓语动词。固定搭配prevent sb.(from)doing 从海洋中获取一切。故选D。] sth.表示“防止某人做某事”。们 4,A[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段景后一句以及最后 一段中的 !8.miles[考查名词单复数。mile表示“英里”，为可数名词，根据设空 "Some species have been fished to extinction and some are almost on 处前基数词300可知，需用复数形式。] the edge.”可知，如果海洋可持续性被破坏，整个海洋生态系统都会·9.On/upon「考查介词。短语impact on/upon表示“对.…的影响”， 被摧毁，导致某些海洋物种灭绝或者瀕临灭绝。由此推知，海洋的 1 设空处缺少介词。] 可持续性非常重要。故选A。门 :l0.actually[考查副词。分析句子结构可知，提示词修饰动词help Ⅱ.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个非营利组织 作状语，需用副词actually,表示“实际上”。] RAW帮助残疾的孩子们体验冲浪的乐趣。 l,B[rank把…分等级；establish建立：reward奖励：stop停止 根据“The nonprofit organization'”可知，此处表示成立Ride a Wave! 课时分层检测（十一） (RAW)这个组织。] I,语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。与风能、太阳能一样，海浪也是一 2.A[disability残疾，缺陷：expression表达：nationality国籍：family家！种清洁能源，对这种能量的开发和利用有待于科学家们进一步研究。 庭。根据上文“Riding a wave is an experience that kids with!l,C[细节理解题。根据第三段的爱后一句可知，海水的运动主要是 disabilities might think impossible,”可知，此处是信息词disabilities 绕圈运动。] 的词汇复现。] 2.A[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“SWAN predicted the strength 3.D [decent体面的，得体的：harmonious和谐的：tired劳累的： and location of ocean-wave energy ,.find the places with an challenged有残疾的。根据“The nonprofit organization gives kids! abundance of wave energy.”可知，SWAN主要预测海洋能量的位置 with a chance”可知，此处表示身患残疾的年轻人们前来 和强度，它可以帮助找到波浪能量丰富的地方。] 参加这项活动。 3.A[词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的内容"There is more than 4.C [command命令，指挥；criticise批判；assist帮助；represent代 enough natural energy in the ocean'”和画线词后面的内容“change 表，表现。根据“The nonprofit organization gives kids with enough of it into power that people can use”可知，此处讲的是我们 a chance”可知，此处表示该组织已经帮助了2500多名儿童。] 面临挑战时如何控制并将其转化为人们可以使用的能源。所以此 5.A [sunrise日出：noon中午；sunset日落；dusk黄昏。根据“as 处harness意为“控制，利用”。] they see the beach in the first ray of sunshine'”可知，此处表示在日！4.C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Waves constantly pound 出时，孩子们登记入住。] against the equipment...'Also,salty sea water breaks down metal 6.C[make up编造，组成；hand out分发；put on穿上：throw away parts.”可推知，使用海洋能量是不容易的。] 扔掉。根据“life jackets'”可知，此处表示穿上救生衣。] Ⅱ，语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者搬到墨尔本后， 7,B[elevator电梯；wave海浪；bike自行车；horse马。根据“Riding:由之前渴望新生活到开始想家，最后在朋友的陪伴下融入了新环境的 a wave'”可知，此处是信息词wave的词汇复现。] 事情 8.D[exercise锻炼：ink连接：exam考试：limitation限制。根据 L.C[pass经过；disappear消失；change改变：stop停止。根据上文 “kids with disabilities”可知，此处表示专门为身体有缺陷的儿童设 “It's been seven months since I arrived in Melbourne”可知作者已经 计的座位。] 到新环境七个月了，结合常识和“dramatically in a short time'”可推 9.A[control控制：drill练习：loosen变松：display展示。根据“the! 知，他身边的事情发生了巨大的变化。] board safely'”可知，需要-一名RAW志愿者安全地控制着冲浪板。] 2.B [frightened害怕的；eager渴望的；worried担心的：content满足 l0,B[acknowledge承认：gain获得：doubt怀疑；lack缺乏。根据下 的。根据下文“to begin a whole new life”可知，作者渴望开始新的 "It lets them know they can do something that seems 生活 impossible.”可知，这让他们知道，他们可以做一些看似不可能的3.A [however然而；therefore因此；meanwhile与此同时；moreover 事情，可以使孩子们获得自信。] 此外。根据下文“the excitement and homesickness set in" 1l.C[curiously好奇地；fortunately幸运地：consequently因此，结果；t 可知，作者的情绪由之前渴望新生活转变为开始想家，前后文有转 alternatively或者。根据“Mariah Vash was a girl born with a rare! 折关系。】 speech disorder,”可知，Mariah Vash生来就患有罕见的语言障碍，4，D[build up增进；come back回来：take over接管；die down逐渐 因此别人很难知道她想表达什么。] 消失。根据“and homesickness set in”可推知，之前的兴奋消退了。 l2.D[serve服务；check检查；bear忍受；express表达。根据“born!5.A[powerful强大的；natural天然的；obvious明显的；negative否 with a rare speech disc0rder”可知，因为有语言障碍，别人很难确切！ 定的。根据上文“wasn'ta feeling”和下文“but enough”可 地知道她想要表达什么。】 知，想家的感觉虽然不强烈，但足够让作者失眠。] l3.B[camp营地；pool游泳池，水塘；sunlight阳光；organization组6.C[emotionless没有情感的；fearless无畏的；sleepless失眠的：aimless 织。根据“ocean,lake”可知，此处需填和水有关的事物。] 没有目标的。根据下文“at night missing family and friends back l4.A[delighted高兴的：calm冷静的：embarrassed尴尬的； home”可知，作者因想念家人和朋友而失眠。] 203 7.B[happen发生；improve改善；increase增强：worsen恶化。根据下； 项“他们探索得越多，发现得越多”说明科学家们探索的结果，承接 文“after I spent some wonderful time with my new friends'”可知，有！ 上文，符合题意。故选C。] 了朋友的陪伴，情况得到改善。 i2.E[上文“Therefore,deep divers wear special diving suits to protect 8.A[group团体；newcomer新来者；community社区；visitor访问者。 themselves from the water pressure..”说明潜水员潜入深水时需要 根据上文“with my new friends'”可知，“我们”是一群人，一个团体。] 穿着特殊的装备，E项“对于真的很深的潜水，他们乘坐小型潜艇” 9.D[rare稀罕的；pitiful可怜的；romantic浪漫的；important重要 承接上文，并引出下文“some of which have robot arms that can 的。结合文中发生在作者身上的事情，再根据上文“Iwsi collect samples of water,soil,and small animals underwater”,下文 impressed”和下文“have good people in your life”可知，作者意识到t 中which指代E项中的small submarines,E项承上启下，符合题意。 有朋友的重要性。] 故选E。门 l0.C[commitment奉献；impression印象，difference差异remark;3.D[上文“Scientists attach some animals with electronic sensors to 评述。根据上文“Things started to after I spent some wonderful time with my new friends.”可知，朋友的陪伴让作者的 study them.Then,a satellite can track the signal from the sensor attached on the animal's fin or back.”说明科学家使用电子传感器 生活发生了变化，产生巨大的影响，make a difference“有影响”。] I1,B[adapt适应：return返回：refer谈及；belong属于。根据“after 连接动物后，卫星可以跟踪信号，D项“它显示了动物何时、何地以 going home for Christmas felt like returning to”可知，作者回家过 及如何旅行”承接上文，符合题意。故选D。] 完圣诞节后，回到墨尔本。] 4.A[下文“What types of animals are in the ocean?How many are l2.D[school学校：world世界；town城镇：home家。根据下文“a} there?”说明要计算海洋中的动物数量，A项“致一数海洋动物”引出 place where I belonged and there were people I cared about'”可知， 下文，符合题意。故选A。] 作者把墨尔本看作第二个家。] 5.F 下文“There are many more surprises to come!”说明接下来还 l3.B[rescue拯救；enter进入：ruin毁灭；control控制。根据下文可 会有更多的发现，F项“生物比人们以前想象的更加多样化”说明生 知，更多的人走进了作者的生活。] 物种类事实上更多，引出下文的结果，符合题意。故选F。] 14,D[difficul困难的：costly昂贵的；painful痛苦的；satisfying令人Ⅲ.语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Angela创立 满意的。根据下文“other cultures and learning about the world are了名为“Washed Ashore:Art to Save the Sea”的社区组织，致力于清 such meaningful things to0do”可知，作者认为了解其他文化、了解理海岸垃圾，并将海岸垃级创作出海洋生物雕塑以给人警醒：人们需 世界是有意义的事情，所以旅行和参观其他地方也是最令人满意，要的是一个洁净的海洋。 的事情之一。 l,B[根据后文“so she tried to set up an organization called Washed 15.C [spread传韬：develop发展：experience体验；influence影响。 Ashore:Art to Save the Sea”可知，她务力建立一个名为“冲上岸：拯 根据下文“learning about the world”可知，体验其他文化，了解世界！ 救海洋的艺术”的组织，因此她应是希望通过这个组织清理海岸上 是非常有意义的事情。门 的垃圾，希望社区的人们一起来做这件事。long to do sth.“渴望做 Ⅲ.[参考范文] 某事”，符合语境。] Paragraph 1: 2.D [根据上文的“Angela never liked seeing plastic waste washed up My father shouted at us to run back to the hotel.He grabbed my on the shore near her home.”可知，她是想通过这个组织来改变目 hand and pulled me with him.As we reached the hotel gate,we heard a 前塑料垃圾堆满海滩的状态，change the situation“改变这种情 roaring sound behind us.Quickly,my father pushed us towards the 形”。] stairs.Fear gripped us and we reached the first floor when we heard;3.A [分析句子可知，所选名词应与前文动词tried to含义相呼应，所 the roar of rushing water and glass breaking.My father yelled at us toi 以此处是表明她的努力(attempt)。] keep climbing.We stopped on the fourth floor and looked down at the i water below us.It had stopped rising.After some minutes,it began to 4.C[结合语境可知，it指代前文“an organization called Washed Ashore:Art to Save the Sea”,本段后文在讲述该组织的运作 drop. (1nct10ns)流程。 Paragraph 2: We waited a long time be fore going downstairs.Hardly had the !5.D[根据后文“Angela and many other volunteers create sculptures rushing water dropped when we saw the unrecognizable hotel gate. of sea ”可知，这些雕塑应是使用(employing)海滩清理来 There was dirt and broken furniture everywhere.Some people who 的垃圾创作而成。] were caught in the water were either unconscious or burst into tears !6.D[根据后文“()ne of the sculptures,Turtle()cean”可知，他们创作 with pain.What we saw weakened our heart and we decided to help the 的雕塑是和海洋生物(creatures)有关。] victims after a narrow escape.Never had I had such a thrilling yet7.A [结合语境可知，后文“How can there be this much waste on the dangerous vacation before.The special trip to Penang was deeply each?”,这应是人们看到雕塑后思考(rethink)的内容，与后文 impressed in my mind. consider相呼应，所以填动词rethink。] !8.B[根据后文“these sculptures will make people consider,,and 课时分层检测（十二） realize”可知，Angela希望(Hopefully)这些雕塑能够引起人们的 I,语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了艺术家Benjamin Von! 思考。] Wong用塑料垃圾制作了一个巨大的雕塑作品。他在2018年创作的！9.C「结合常识和后文“in their daily life”可推知，日常生活中购买 作品“Truckload of Plastic”说明了每60秒就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。 (purchased)的东西中有大量的塑料。] 以此来唤醒和提高人们的环保意识。 l0.A[根据后文对于主语动作的描述“have collected21 ons of 1.C[推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，Von Wong用塑料垃 waste and helped create more than70 works of art'”可知，能够收集 圾制作的雕塑想让人们重新审视与一次性塑料制品的关系，由此可 21吨垃圾，帮助创作艺术品的应该是致力于(devoted)保护海洋 知他做这个雕塑的目的是引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。] 的人 2.A[推理判嘶题。根据第三段中的“because of their small size and;1l,D[根据后文“have demonstrated the art works in18 places of the weight,they cannot be recycled...Once the drink is gone,the straw country'”可知，在全国I8个地方展出这些作品，应是举行了巡回展 will take centuries to disappear'”可知，吸管由于体积小，重量轻，无 (exhibitions),故选D。] 法回收利用。由此可推知，作者在第三段讨论吸管是为了展示它们；l2.C[根据后文“t was admitted into the National Museum,”可知， 回收的困难。] 3.B「推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，这个作品以创新的方式让 这一雕塑被允许进入国家博物馆，这是一项特殊的(special)荣誉。] 人们了解到室料垃圾以很快的速度和很大的量倾入海洋，刷新了观！13.A[分析句子可知，该团队正在制作海豚的雕塑，再结合下文的 众对海洋塑料污染的认知。由此可推断，这个作品会让观众对塑料 “for more sculptures'”可知，应该是要表达他们还会有更多关于雕 垃圾进入海洋造成污染这件事感到不安。] 塑的计划(plans)。] 4,D[标题归纳题。通读全文，结合第一段中的“Artist Benjamin!14.C,[从前文可知，该志愿者团队是打捞被冲上岸的垃圾的，当然在 Von Wong wants you to know that it does.”和倒数第二段第一句可 他们完全清除(et rid of)海滩上的塑料前，工作还将继续。] 知，Von Wong通过利用塑料垃极制作巨型雕塑的方法来提示人们 !15.B[根据本文所述，我们不难知道制作这些雕塑的目的是呼吁 重新思考与一次性塑料的关系，唤醒和提高人们循环利用的意识，！ (appeal)人们一定要保护海洋。] 促进环保的发展。由此可知，D项“海洋塑料变成雕塑”符合文章主 课时分层检测（十三） 旨，适合作为标题。] Ⅱ.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们一直使！I,语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫Addy Tritt 用不同的方法和科技手段在海洋深处寻找新的物种和新的事实。 :的妇女的善行义举故事 l,C[上文“Scientists keep looking for new species and new facts.”说l,D[细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Tritt是通过给洪水灾民买鞋 明科学家们一直在进行探索研究，C项中thy指代的是科学家们，C!帮助他们的。故选D。1 204