课时分层检测(10)语言运用综合练-【创新大课堂系列】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步辅导与测试(人教版)

班级 姓名 课时分层检测（十） I.阅读理解 The oceans are where life on Earth began and they continue to be the home to an incredibly various range of life.It has been estimated that there are around 230,000 different marine species, but some marine biologists think that there could well be ten times that number still waiting to be discovered. Oceans have always played an important part in human life.They serve many functions. Since the beginning of time oceans have provided the world with a transport network for goods and people.That's why most of the major cities of the world are close to the sea. Countless numbers of people from other countries have travelled the seas to find a new and better life,while others have been transported very much against their will,the evil Slave Trade being a case in point.World trade has always depended on ocean transport and the world's navies grew up in order to protect these sea trade routes. The ocean has traditionally been a source of nutritious food,but sadly the general view has always been that what was there was for the taking.There has been little regard for sustainability(可持续性)and in the words of Greenpeace:"We are now damaging our oceans on a scale unimaginable to most people." Large commercial fishing boats catch everything,but not everything is wanted or allowed due to some restrictions and vast amounts of dead fish are thrown back into the sea.Whole marine ecosystems can be wiped out as huge nets are dragged across the ocean floor,destroying entire home ground forever. Overfishing in this way does not enable the fish to sustain their population.As a result,numbers fall until the point is reached when there are no longer any fish left to catch. 14 得分 语言运用综合练 Some species have been fished to extinction and some are almost on the edge.It is said that due to overfishing,large predatory(捕食性的) fish like cod and tuna are both down to the last 10%of their original number. 1.What do we know from Paragraph 1? A.We have known enough about ocean life. B.We need more exploration about ocean life. C.2,300,000 marine species have been discovered. D.230,000 marine species are expected to be discovered. 2.Why are most of the large cities close to the sea? A.To attract more and more visitors. B.To appreciate the beautiful sights. C.For the natural resources in the sea. D.For the convenience of transportation. 3.What's people's general attitude to the ocean? A.Making use of ocean life wisely. B.Treating ocean life in a friendly way. C.Paying much attention to its sustainability. D.Getting whatever they like from the ocean. 4.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? A.The sustainability of oceans is important. B.The extinction of some species is normal. C.Ocean life offers much to us human beings. D.Overfishing has led to no more fish species. Ⅱ.完形填空 Riding a wave is an experience that kids with disabilities might think impossible.That's why Ride a Wave (RAW)was 1.The nonprofit organization gives kids with 2 a chance to feel the excitement of surfing. Every year from April through June, RAW provides 8-day camps.Physically and developmentally 3 young people come 0 班级 姓名 from miles away to participate.So far,the organization has 4 over 2,500 kids to have a life-changing day at the beach. At 5,families help their children check in.You can see the excitement on the kids'faces as they see the beach in the first ray of sunshine.After 6 life jackets,the kids are ready to ride the 7.To the front of the surfboard is a seat specially designed for children with physical 8.A RAW volunteer 9 the board safely.Being in the water allows children to 10 confidence.It lets them know they can do something that seems impossible. Mariah Vash was a girl born with a rare speech disorder.11 it can be difficult for others to know exactly what she wants to 12 But the volunteers in RAW manage to understand her."She deeply loves water.The ocean,lake,13 or even a simple bath makes her 14.She has been to RAW six times!She has taught me and my entire family how to love 15 and how to laugh as much as possible.It is selfless service that RAW is all about,"said Mariah's father, Stuart Vash. 1.A.ranked B.established C.rewarded D.stopped 2.A.disabilities B.expressions C.nationalities D.families 3.A.decent B.harmonious C.tired D.challenged 4.A.commanded B.criticised C.assisted D.represented 5.A.sunrise B.noon C.sunset D.dusk 6.A.making up B.handing out C.putting on D.throwing away 7.A.elevators B.waves C.bikes D.horses 8.A.exercise B.link C.exams D.limitations 9.A.controls B.drills C.loosens D.displays 10.A.acknowledge B.gain C.doubt D.lack 1 得分 11.A.Curiously B.Fortunately C.Consequently D.Alternatively 12.A.serve B.check C.bear D.express 13.A.camp B.pool C.sunlight D.organization 14.A.delighted B.calm C.embarrassed D.emotional 15.A.incredibly B.selfishly C.unconditionally D.slightly Ⅲ.语法填空 The world's largest iceberg could hit South Georgia Island,posing 1. high risk to the wildlife that calls it home. The iceberg,2. (name)A68a,is now approaching South Georgia Island. There's a(n)3. possible)that it could ground itself on the island.The normal food-seeking routes for seals and penguins could 4. (block). "When you are talking about penguins and seals during the period 5. is crucial to them-raising baby animals,the actual distance they have to travel to find food really 6. (matter),”British Antarctic Survey BAS)ecologist Professor Geraint Tarling said."If they have to take a longer route,they're not going to get back to their young in time to prevent them 7. (starve)to death..” The iceberg is now about 300 8. (mile)away from the island.Because A68a only extends around 656 feet below the waterline,it could advance quite far before getting stuck.If that happens,the iceberg could be stuck for up to 10 years,increasing its impact 9. wildlife. However,it is very difficult to say precisely what will happen.If the iceberg does stay in the ocean,it could 10. (actual)help local wildlife.The dust it carries would benefit plankton,which supports the entire food web.2.C[根据后文可知，后文主要列举了人们用许多材料进行造船试 验，C选项“人们试验了不同种类的浮舟”符合语境，故选C。] 3.B[根据上文“Boats like the Greek trireme(三列桨船)were big and heavy and hard to steer.”可知，上文提到三列桨船又大又重，难 以驾驶，故B选项“划那样一艘船需要几百名桨手”承接上文，说明 了结果，符合语境，故选B。] 4.G[根据上文“When steam engines were invented,boating became easier than ever.”以及后文“As engines got bigger and better,so did boats..”可知，本段主要说明蒸汽机的发明对船的影响，G选项中 steam engines对应上文中steam engines。故选G。 5,D根据上文“Over the years,boats have been used for fishing,for fighting,for carrying goods,for fun-even for living on.”可知，本句 是对全文的总结，D选项“船已经把世界上的水道变成了高速公路” 是对文章的概括和总结，符合语境，故选D。] 课时分层检测（十） I,语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。海洋在食物和交通运输方面都给 我们提供便利，因此它在人类生活中粉演着非常重要的作用。但人类 一味索取，从不考虑海洋的可持续性。过度捕捞会摧毁整个海洋生态 系统，导致某些海洋物种灭绝或处于灭绝的边缘。 1.B[推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，据估计海洋里有大约 230000种海洋生物，但一些海洋科学家认为等着我们去发现的数 量是现在的10倍。由此推测，通过第一段我们可以知道，我们需要 更多地探索海洋生物。故选B。] 2.D[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They serve many functions are close to the sea,”可知，大多数主要城市靠近大海是因为海洋提 供了便利的交通运输。故选D。] 3.D[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，人们对海洋的规，点是： 从海洋中获取一切。故选D。] 4.A[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句以及最后一段中的 "Some species have been fished to extinction and some are almost on the edge.”可知，如果海洋可持续性被破坏，整个海洋生态系统都会 被摧毁，导致某些海洋物种灭绝或者濒临灭绝。由此推知，海洋的 可持续性非常重要。故选A。] Ⅱ.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个非营利组织 RAW帮助残疾的孩子们体验冲浪的乐趣。 l.B[rank把…分等级；establish建立；reward奖励；stop停止。 根据“The nonprofit organization”可知，此处表示成立Ride a Wave (RAW)这个组织。 2.A[disability残疾，缺陷；expression表达；nationality国籍；family家 庭。根据上文“Riding a wave is an experience that kids with disabilities might think impossible.”可知，此处是信息词disabilities 的词汇复现。门 3.D[decent体面的，得体的：harmonious和谐的；tired劳累的； challenged有残疾的。根据“The nonprofit organization gives kids with a chance”可知，此处表示身患残疾的年轻人们前来 参加这项活动。 4.C [command命令，指挥；criticise批判：assist帮助：represent代 表，表现。根据“The nonprofit organization gives kids with a chance'”可知，此处表示该组织已经帮助了2500多名儿童。] 5.A[sunrise日出；noon中午；sunset日落：dusk黄昏。根据“as they see the beach in the first ray of sunshine”可知，此处表示在日 出时，孩子们登记入住。] 6.C[make up编造，组成；hand out分发；put on穿上：throw away 扔掉。根据“life jackets”可知，此处表示穿上救生衣。] 7.B[elevator电梯；wave海浪；bike自行车；horse马。根据“Riding a wave”可知，此处是信息词wave的词汇复现。] 8.D [exercise锻炼；link连接；exam考试；limitation限制。根据 “kids with disabilities'”可知，此处表示专门为身体有缺陷的儿童设 计的座位。门 9.A[control控制；drill练习：loosen变松；display展示。根据“the board safely”可知，需要一名RAW志愿者安全地控制着冲浪板。] lO.B[acknowledge承认；gain获得：doubt怀疑；lack缺乏。根据下 "It lets them know they can do something that seems impossible.”可知，这让他们知道，他们可以做一些看似不可能的 事情，可以使孩子们获得自信。] 1l.C[curiously好奇地；fortunately幸运地；consequently因此，结果； alternatively或者，根据“Mariah Vash was a girl born with a rare speech disorder..”可知，Mariah Vash生来就患有罕见的语言障碍， 因此别人很难知道她想表达什么。 l2.D[serve服务：check检查：bear忍受：express表达。根据“born with a rare speech disorder”可知，因为有语言障碍，别人很难确切 地知道她想要表达什么。] 13.B[camp营地；pool游泳池，水塘；sunlight阳光；organization组 织。根据“ocean,lake”可知，此处需填和水有关的事物。] 14.A [delighted高兴的；calm冷静的；embarrassed尴尬的； 3 emotional情感的。根据“She deeply loves water.”可知，因为非常 喜爱水，所以海洋，湖泊，游泳池，甚至是一个简单的浴缸都能使她 高兴。] l5.C[incredibly难以置信地：selfishly自私地：unconditionally无条 件地；slightly轻微地。根据“It is selfless service that RAW is all about'”可知，此处表示“她教会了我和我的家人如何无条件地去 爱”。门 Ⅲ，语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，讲述了世界最大的冰山有可能撞 上南乔治亚岛，对那里的生物造成一定的影响」 1.a[考查冠词。可数名词isk(风险)在句中表示“某种很高的风 险”，泛指，前面应使用不定冠词修饰，又因空格后单词high的发音 以辅音音素开头，所以应使用不定冠词a。] 2.named[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，提示词name(命 名，给…取名)是非谓语动词，作后置定语，与逻辑主语The iceberg之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式.] 3.possibility[考查名词。根据设空处前不定冠词a(n)可知，设空处 应用单数名词possibility作主语。] 4.be blocked[考查动词语态。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入动 词，与情态动词could共同作谓语，动词block与主语routes之间是 被动关系，因而用被动语态，情态动词后be动词用原形。故填be blocked。 5.that/which[考查定语从句关系词。分析句子可知，设空处引导限 制性定语从句，先行词为the period,关系词代替先行词在从句中作 主语，应用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。] 6.matters[考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，matter 是主句谓语动词，根据语境可知，应用一般现在时，主语the actual distance是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 7.starving考查非谓语动词。固定搭配prevent sb.(from)doing sth.表示“防止某人做某事”。] 8.miles[考查名词单复数。mile表示“英里”，为可数名词，根据设空 处前基数词300可知，需用复数形式] 9.on/upon 考查介词。短语impact on/upon表示“对…的影响” 设空处缺少介词。] l0.actually[考查副词。分析句子结构可知，提示词修饰动词help 作状语，需用副词actually,表示“实际上”。] 课时分层检测（十一） I,语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。与风能、太阳能一样，海浪也是 种清洁能源，对这种能量的开发和利用有待于科学家们进一步研究。 1.C[细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，海水的运动主要是 绕图运动。] 2.A[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“SWAN predicted the strength and location of ocean-wave energy ..find the places with an abundance of wave energy..”可知，SWAN主要预测海洋能量的位置 和强度，它可以帮助找到波浪能量丰富的地方。门 3.A[词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的内容“There is more than enough natural energy in the ocean”和画线词后面的内容“change enough of it into power that people can use”可知，此处讲的是我们 面临挑战时如何控制并将其转化为人们可以使用的能源。所以此 处harness意为“控制，利用”。 4.CL推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Waves constantly pound against the equipment...Also,salty sea water breaks down metal parts.”可推知，使用海洋能量是不容易的。] Ⅱ，语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者搬到墨尔本后， 由之前渴望新生活到开始想家，最后在朋友的陪伴下融入了新环境的 事情。 l.C[pass经过；disappear消失；change改变；stop停止。根据上文 “It's been seven months since I arrived in Melbourne”可知作者已经 到新环境七个月了，结合常识和“dramatically in a short time”可推 知，他身边的事情发生了巨大的变化。] 2,B[frightened害怕的；eager渴望的；worried担心的；content满足 的。根据下文“to begin a whole new life”可知，作者渴望开始新的 生活。 3.A however然而；therefore因此：meanwhile与此同时：noreover 此外。根据下文“the excitement and homesickness set in" 可知，作者的情绪由之前渴望新生活转变为开始想家，前后文有转 折关系。] 4.D[build up增进；come back回来；take over接管；die down逐渐 消失。根据“and homesickness set in”可推知，之前的兴奋消退了。] 5.A[powerful大的；natural天然的；obvious明显的；negative否 定的。根据上文“wasn'ta feeling”和下文“but enough”可 知，想家的感觉虽然不强烈，但足够让作者失眠。] 6.C[emotionless没有情感的：fearless无畏的；sleepless失眠的；aimless 没有目标的。根据下文“at night missing family and friends back home”可知，作者因想念家人和朋友而失眠。]