课时分层检测(3)重点题型强化练-【创新大课堂系列】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步辅导与测试(人教版)

班级 姓名 课时分层检测（三） I.阅读理解 Pinocchio may be just a children's fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called "Pinocchio effect"and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie,but actually shrink a bit. Dr.Emilio Gomez Milan and his team developed a lie detector(测谎仪)test that used thermography(热成像仪)to tell if people were lying,and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful,the temperature of the tips of their noses dropped up to 1.2C while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5C.Scientists also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink,although the difference is unnoticed by the human eye. "One has to think in order to lie,which increases the temperature of the forehead, Dr.Gomez Milan explained the findings."At the same time,we feel anxious,which lowers the temperature of the nose. For this study,researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology,including making a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents,a partner or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to make up the lie by themselves during the call,and the thermal cameras picked up this“reverse Pinocchio effect”caused by the fluctuation()in temperature in the nose and forehead. Interestingly,the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of test subjects,which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector.It's suggested that law enforcement interviewers should one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.The thermal lie detector has been the most reliable in the world,10% more than others. 3 得分 重点题型强化练 l.Why does the author mention“Pinocchio”at the beginning? A.To tell a fairy story. B.To warn us not to lie. C.To introduce a research. D.To inspire us to doubt old beliefs. 2.What is true to "reverse Pinocchio effect"? A.Your nose will grow when you tell a lie. B.Your nose will shrink when you tell a lie. C.The temperature of your forehead falls if you lie. D.The temperature of your forehead increases if you lie. 3.What can we learn from the text? A.Researchers conducted the study by interviewing. B.Researchers designed different lies for participants. C.The thermal lie detector will prove a pop- ular tool. D.The thermal lie detector may assist law enforcement. 4.What advantage does the thermal lie detec- tor have over other lie detectors? A.Accuracy. B.Convenience. C.Privacy. D.Safety. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 The man who could see the future The ability to predict the future is a rare talent.American author Isaac Asimov (1920- 1992),one of the great science fiction writers of his age,had such a talent.1 Now that we're here,let's see what he got right. 2 Asimoy thought computers would cause a revolution comparable to the industrial revolution of the 19th century.Specifically,he said that "mobile computerized objects"would be an important part of everyday life.Here,he clearly predicted our world of smartphones, tables and other devices.He also had a great deal to say about space exploration.3 How did Asimov develop his special sense of future developments?4 He read the 班级 姓名 newspapers and magazines sold in his parents' candy store.His scientific interest gained sharper focus at Columbia University in New York.Asimov went to study chemistry,but became bored with pure laboratory science. Instead,he thought hard about the social implications(作用)of science.He wanted to communicate his ideas to the public. 5 Asimoy had his finger on the pulse (脉搏)of both scientific and social change..He had a clear vision of what was coming around the corner for humanity in his works like the Galactic Empire series(《银河帝国系列》). “His predictions are fascinating,”Calum Chase,an English writer,told BBC News."He was a genius.” A.As a smart boy,Asimov taught himself to read at the age of five. B.Space exploration really can make our life more convenient and comfortable. C.Back in 1983,he was asked to predict what the world would look like in 2019. D.On the role that computing would play in the future,he was amazingly accurate. E.Asimov has developed a great interest in computer programming since childhood. F.As an author,his books would feature the theme of social change caused by technology. G.The International Space Station proves his prediction that we would not simply visit space but seek to stay there. Ⅲ.完形填空 Randy happened to be watching the news on TV months ago.The reporter was interviewing a man,whose 1 appeared on the screen.Randy noticed they 2 the same last name Waites-a rather unusual one. Randy found that 3,wondering if there could be any 4.When Randy's daughter took a closer look,she 5 a likeness between them.She did some sleuthing (调查)online and6 Randy and Eddie have the same biological father! It wasn't long before Randy 7 Eddie, who lived over 500 kilometers away.Eddie was 8 that the unlikely story was true the -1 得分 moment he saw Randy's pictures,noticing how much Randy looked like their father. Randy never knew his father,who 9 his mother and him when he was a baby. Eddie,however,was 10 by his dad and enjoyed a great relationship with him.That fact could have caused problems for the two long-lost brothers,but it did not!They reunited after 50 years of 11 Eddie 12 to Randy on behalf of their dead father,but Randy held no resentment( 恨).He said,“Idon'tl3 anyone.Eddie and I are both extremely grateful to have made this unexpected 14 and to have the years ahead to be brothers！”The two brothers have really provided a beautiful example of love and 15 for us. 1.A.face B.family C.name D.profession 2.A.mentioned B.offered C.confirmed D.shared 3.A.curious B.familiar C.natural D.complicated 4.A.difference B.connection C.alternative D.explanation 5.A.treasured B.suspected C.detected D.appreciated 6.A.imagined B.determined C.recalled D.responded 7.A.made friends with B.took pity on C.caught sight of D.reached out to 8.A.proud B.convinced C.upset D.concerned 9.A.left B.contacted C.informed D.ignored 10.A.raised B.adopted C.influenced D.comforted 11.A.absence B.separation C.adventure D.expectation 12.A.talked B.admitted C.apologized D.promised 13.A.trust B.blame C.forgive D.punish 14.A.discovery B.encounter C.achievement D.comparison 15.A.responsibility B.cooperation C.acceptance D.sympathy课时分层检测（二） I.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了多伦多的深湖水 冷却系统(DLWC)的工作机制、效能和优势。 1.D[细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，DLWC利用水循环原理 来为家庭制冷。故选D。] 2.B[细节理解题。根据第三段第二句（这是一个蓄热系统，使用湖 中200万加仑的冷水，可以在夜间非高峰时段储存能量，减轻电网 的压力，降低成本。)可知，The Well可以储存能量。故选B。] 3.B[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“the other involves evaporating(蒸发)..leads to mass water usage”可知，通过蒸发水 来制冷的缺点是它会消耗很多水。故选B。] 4.C[标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句及全文可知，本文主要介绍了 多伦多的深湖水冷却系统(DIWC)的工作机制、效能和优势。故C 项（多伦多的深湖水冷却系统）作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。] Ⅱ.语篇解读本文是记叙文。在一次面试中，因为没有吃早饭，作者 的胃开始疼。作者前面的应聘者给他这个竞争对手送来了牛奶和面 包，帮助了他。 l.D[根据上句中“hunt for a job in a magazine company”以及本句中 的“applicants'”可知，这里是说“仅仅有5个编辑岗位(position)”。] 2.C[据上文内容“only50 could enter the final interview after the written test”可知，接下来的事发生在“面试(interview)那天”。] 3.B[根据下文“I was the23rd.”可知，此处是说杂志社要求 (require)我们用抽签的方式来决定面试次序(order)。] 4.C[参见上题解析。] 5.A[根据上文“plain-looking”以及下文中“without using any make- up”可知，在“我”前面的22号应聘者没有化妆，穿着休闲 (casual)装。] 6,B[“我”没想到(expect)面试时间如此之长（因为没吃早饭），时间 过去了两个小时，却只面试了10位应聘者。] 7,D[参见上题解析。此处表示转折，故用but。] 8.A[根据上文“我”的胃开始隐隐作痛以及下文中“large drops of sweat ran down my forehead'”可知，半个小时后“我”几乎无法集中 精力(focus on)看书。] 9.C[突然(suddenly),有人轻拍“我”的肩膀。] I0.B[由下文“she bought me a bottle of milk and a piece of bread”可 知，她知道(know)“我”没吃早饭。] 1l.A[由上文中的“my stomach started to ache”可知答案。] 12.D[在互为竞争对手的特殊情况下，她竟然给“我”送来了牛奶和 面包，因此“我”感到心里暖暖的(warm)。] 13.C[在互为竞争对手的特殊(special)情况下，她竟然给“我”送来 了牛奶和面包，这是“我”没有料到(imagine)的。imagine在此处意 为“料想：想到”。] 14.C[参见上题解析。] 15.D[根据下文“managed to be an editor'”可知，“我”从50名应聘者 中脱颖而出(s1 and out),竞聘成功，成了该杂志社的一名编辑。] Ⅲ.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的“新四大发 明”。 L.inventions[考查名词。前面有four great new修饰，应用名词的 复数形式，故填inventions。] 2.fastest[考查形容词的最高级。根据后面的比较范围in the world 可知，这里应用最高级形式。 3.has improved[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。over the last decade 表示“在过去十年”，常和现在完成时连用：又因主语是Cina,故用 has improved。 4.it[考查代词。这里it指代前面的Bike sharing,充当动词made的 宾语。 5.and[考查连词。both..and..为因定搭配，表示“两者都 …”。] 6.to buy[考查非谓语动词。stop to do sth.表示“停下来去做另一 件事”，这里表示停下共享单车去买东西吃，故用不定式充当宾语。 stop doing sth.表示“停止微某事”。] 7.simply[考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰with介词短 语，故用所给词的副词形式。] 8.scanning[考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词by的宾语，故用动名 词形式。 9.choice[考查名词。冠词a后面应用所给动词的名词形式。] I0.which[考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从 句中作主语，修饰先行词online shopping,故填which。] 课时分层检测（三） I.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍“反向匹诺曹效应” 即人在撒谎时鼻尖温度会降低，这会导致鼻子轻微收缩，进而引入话 -1 题，介绍了一种红外热成像测谎仪，这种仪器现在已经被认为是世界 上最可靠的测谎仪。 1.C[推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第二段第一句可知，作者在开 头提到“匹诺曹”，是为了介绍这一项研究。故选C。] 2.B[细节理解题。根据第一段中“found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie,but actually shrink a bit”可知，“reverse Pinocchio effect'”就是当你说谎时，你的鼻子会收缩。故选B。] 3.D[细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，热测谎仪可能有助于 执法。故选D。] 4,A[细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句和最后一句可知，它的优势 就是可靠，精准。故选A。] Ⅱ.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了科幻大师阿西莫夫和 他的预言的准确性以及他是如何培养他对未来发展的特殊意识的。 1.C[由上文可知，美国作家艾萨克·阿西莫夫(1920一1992)是他那 个时代最伟大的科幻作家之一，他有这样一种天赋。再结合后文 “让我们看看他预测对了什么。”可推知，空格处在本段中起到承上 启下的作用。故C选项“早在1983年，他就被要求预测2019年的 世界会是什么样子”承上启下。] 2.D[由空后一句可知，阿西莫夫认为计算机将引发一场与19世纪 工业草命相当的革命；再根据第一段内容可知，下面是讲阿西莫夫 预测的结果，故D选项“关于计算机将在未来将所扮演的角色，他惊 人准确地预测到了。”与本段内容相符合。] 3.G[由“He also had a great deal to say about space exploration.”可 知，关于太空探索，他也预测到了。所以空格处应接着说他预测的 结果。故G选项“国际空间站证明了他的预测，我们不仅要拜访太 空，还要设法留在那里。”与太空探索相关，且是预测结果。故G选 项切题。」 4.A[由空后一句可知，他读父母糖果店出售的报纸和杂志。所以空 格处要与下一句一起来说明阿西莫夫是如何培养他对未来发展的 特殊意识的。故A选项“作为一个聪明的孩子，阿西莫夫在五岁时 就开始自学阅读”承上启下。] 5.F[由空后内容可知，阿西莫夫将手指放在科学和社会变革的脉搏 上。他在《银河帝国系列》等作品中清楚地看到了人类即将面临的事 情。英国作家卡鲁姆·蔡斯对英国广播公司说：“他是个天才。”所以 本段主要在说作为一名作家，他的书以科技引起的社会变革为主题， 故F选项符合语境，是本段主题句。] Ⅲ，语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。两个同父异母的人偶然通过电视 联系到彼此，并互相接纳成为好兄弟 1.C[face面部：family家庭；name名字；profession职业。根据后文 “the same last name Waites”可知，此处是名字出现在了屏幕上。故 选C.] 2.D[mention提到；offer提供；confirm确定；share分享。根据空后 “the same last name Waites'”可知，他们的姓氏一样，即共用一个姓 氏。故选D。] 3.A[curious稀奇的；familiar熟悉的；natural自然的；complicated 复杂的。兰迪在电视上看到一个陌生人与自己有相同的稀有姓氏， 对此感到很好奇。故选A。 4,B [difference不同；connection联系；alternative选择；explanation 解释，根据上文的“the same last name Waites-一a rather unusual oe”可知，这个姓氏很少见，因此兰迪想知道他们之间是否有什么 联系。故选B。 5,B[treasure珍爱；suspect怀疑；detect查明；appreciate欣赏。根据 后文“She did some sleuthing(调查)online'”可知，女儿是怀疑两个 人有相似之处，然后调查证实。故选B。] 6.B[imagine想象；determine决定，查明；recall回想起；respond回 应。由上文“She did some sleuthing(调查)online”可知，此处指在 网上查明了他们的关系。故选B。] 7.D[make friends with与…交朋友；take pity on同情：catch sight of看到；reach out to联系，接触。后文说到两人相见，可知此处是指 兰迪联系了埃迪。故选D。 8.B[proud骄做的；convinced确信的；upset失望的：concerned担忧 的。后文说兰迪长得很像他们的父亲，所以此处埃迪相信了这个故 事是真的。故选B。 9,A[leave离开；contact联系：inform通知；ignore忽略。兰迪从不 认识他的父亲，可知是父亲从小就离开了兰迪和母亲。故选A。] l0.A[raise举起，抚养；adopt收养：influence影响：comfort使舒适。 因为埃迪跟着父亲，因此是被父亲养大的。故选A。] ll.B[absence缺席；separation分开；adventure冒；expectation期 待。根据前文reunited可知，是分开后重聚。故选B。] l2.C[talk谈论；admit承认；apologize道款；promise承诺。根据后 文的“resentment(怨根)”可知，埃迪怕兰迪怨恨父亲而道款。故 选C。 9 l3.B[trust信任：blame责怪；forgive原谅；punish惩罚。前文说兰 迪不怨恨，所以这里是不责怪任何人。故选B。] I4.B[discovery发现；encounter见；achievement成就；comparison 比较。两兄弟多年后联系到彼此，是一场相遇。故远B。] 15.C[responsibility责任；cooperation合作：acceptance接受；sympathy 同情。两兄弟多年之后互相联系，这是一种接纳。故选C。] 课时分层检测（四） I.语篇解读本文是说明文。文章讲述了星际飞船技术公司开发一 项由机器人送货的服务，从最初的送餐服务到试点送包裹服务。 1.A[推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，这些自动机器是去年星 际飞船技术公司试点项目的一部分，该项目专注于从全球数十个城 市的当地餐馆提供饭菜。故远A。] 2.B[词义猜测题。根据第二段“这些自动机器是去年星际飞船技术 公司试点项目的一部分，该项目专注于从全球效十个城市的当地餐 馆提供饭莱。”可知，之前的这个计划只是试点项目。但是这一周， 为了扩大遂货范围，这个计划被公布了。故选B] 3,D[段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句以及最后一句可知，本段主 要讲了尽管这项服务存在挑战但也是在向前发展。故选D。] 4.D[标题归纳题。根据文章第一段可知，文章主要是围绕机器人送 包襄展开的。后文又补充，机器人送包襄这项服务已经被公布且具 体实施。最后也提及，虽然强到挑战，但是也在继续向前发展。故 选D。] Ⅱ.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“我们”一行人在 山区旅行时突降大雨，一位好心的老人和他的妻子热情地帮助“我们” 的故事。 l.B shade阴凉处：shelter躲避处；entrance入口；evidence证据。 根据上文中的“rained heavily”可知，“我们”发现在缆车顶下有一个 避雨的地方。 2.D[description描述：strategy策略；thought想法；mixture混合。 根据下文中的“languages,gestures and drawing pictures'”可知，此处 表示语言、手势和画画相结合。] 3.C[request要求；remind提醒；signal发信号；state陈述。根据下 文中的“we could stay at his home that night'”可知，老人示意“我们” 可以住在他的家里。] 4.D[answer答案；comment评论；promise诺言；offer提议。根据上 文老人示意“我们”可以住在他家里可知，“我们”急切地接受了他的 提议，因为“我们”认为他是一个正派的人。] 5.B[stubborn顽固的；decent正派的；senior年长的：humorous幽默 的。参见上题解析。 6.A[treat招待；encourage鼓励；admit容许…进入，接纳；greet 问候，迎接。根据下文中的“a big meal'”可知，他的妻子用一顿大餐 招待“我们”。门 7.C [cooperation合作；accommodation住宿；communication交流； connection联系。根据上文中的“ina of languages, gestures and drawing pictures'”可知，“我们”和这对夫妇交流起来有 点困难。] 8.D Lset aside留出：throw away扔掉；take off脱下，（飞机等）起飞； put on穿上。根据下文中的“He drove us through the mountains”及 语境可知，老人穿上了长斗篷。] 9.B[though尽管；as因为；unless除非；if如果。根据上文中的“The children there called him that or‘Krkonos'”可知，此处表示孩子们 叫他Krkono5,因为他看起来像当地传说故事中的巨人。] lO,A[tale故事：saying谚语；report报告；survey调查。参见上题 解析。门 ll.C[completely完全地；generally普遍地，通常；apparently显然； extremely极其。根据上文中的“The children there called him that or‘Krkonos”可知，显然，这位老人在当地是一位名人。] l2.A[celebrity名人；pioneer先驱者；sponsor赞助者；leader领导 人。参见上题解析。] l3.B[hide躲藏：stop停止：look看；jump跳。根据下文中的“at nice locations where we could take some photos'”可知，他会在一些 好的位置停车让“我们”拍照。] 14.A[visit拜访：pay支付：disturb扰乱：praise表物。根据下文中 的“Krkonos hadn't changed a bit”及语境可知，此处表示“我们”再 次拜访了他和他的妻子。] l5.C[adventure冒险；secret秘密；nagic魔力：freedom自由。根据 上文中的“Krkonos hadn't changed a bit'”可知，此处表示山里有魔 力，十年里Krkonos没怎么变.] Ⅲ.[参考范文 Paragraph 1: "I think I can wait for my books till next New Year,"continued he.His father looked at him with a blank look.He explained that it 3 was a German family that was badly in need of help.They even didn't have enough clothes to wear.Edward's explanation made his father understand what had happened and he expressed that he couldn't agree more with him.In order to recognize the work Edward did,his father bought the books,saying,"Never can we turn a blind eye to those in need.What you have done will make a happy New Year. Paragraph 2: Hearing what his father said and holding the books his father gave him in his arms,Edward felt he was the happiest boy in the world.He felt the sweetness of helping others.A few days later, Edward met the family again,and they still thanked him a thousand times.It seemed the city was bathed in brilliant sunshine because of Edward's feelings.Additionally,he knows that help means under any circumstances,we all can give a hand to people in a dilemma.Maybe a single word would be enough for them. 课时分层检测（五） I,语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国四个适合全家人 一起在秋天撒步的地方。 l.B[细节理解题。由Hadrian's Wall Newcastle部分中的“The73 mile-long Hadrian's Wall was completed by the Romans in 128 AD" 以及“really get up close to the styles of Roman buildings”可知，孩子 们可以沿着Hadrian's Wall边走边了解古罗马的建筑风格。] 2.C[细节理解题。由Formby Nature Reserve,Liverpool部分中的 "is luckily one of the few places in Britain where there are a large number of red squirrels(松鼠)”以及Lyme Park,Peak District部分 中的“it is also home to a group of medieval(中世纪的)red deer'”可 知，在这两处地方人们可以看到动物。] 3.A[细节理解题。由I.akeside Walk at Stowe,Buckinghamshire部 分中的“provides people with perfect chances to escape from the busy city lifestyle”可知，在Stowe的湖边散步安静宜人。] 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在上七年级的时 候，搬到了新泽西。在那里的学校，作者被放到了代表“失败者”的 “Loserville”区，受到了不公平的对待。开始作者一直在抱怨，后来老 朋友的话让地反思自己。她不再抱怨，去结交朋友，从而欧变局面，不 再被看作是个“loser'” 4.A [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It was sort of an open secret..,.and not-so-smart kids..”和“I had always been.,,and now everyone thought I was a loser!”可推断出，“Loserville'”是一个失败 者待着的地方，故选A。 5.C[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I had always been a good student and had amazing friends,and now everyone thought I was a loser.”(我一直是个好学生，有着很棒的朋友，现在大家都认为我是 个失败者。)可知，作者受到了不公平的对待。故选C.] 6.D[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But what did change was me.,,and did something about making friends.”可知，作者开始和 别人交朋友，改变了情况，故选D。] 7.C[标题归纳题。文章主要讲了作者在上七年级的时候，搬到了新 译西。在那里的学校，作者被放到了代表“失败者”的“Loserville” 区，受到了不公平的对待。开始作者一直在抱怒，后来老朋友的话 让她反思自己。她不再抱怨，去结交朋友，从而政变局面，不再被看 作是个“loser”。C项表示告别“Loserville”,又表示告别原来的态 度。故选C。] 语篇解读本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球首家开放其全部艺 术收藏的博物馆一位于鹿特丹的Boijmans Van Beuningen画廊。 8.D[细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Boijmans Van Beuningen 画廊的特殊之处在于，它是世界上第一个展出所有藏品的博物馆 故选D。] 9,D[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“What happens here is that,., You see things by accident,and you feel that you are discovering things.”可推测，在画廊里，参观者会亲身去发现并欣赏这些藏品。 故选D。] l0.C[词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“If you do not show the works,people will stop talking about and thinking about an art work.”及“out of sight'”可知，如果不展示作品，人们会停止谈论和 思考它，它就很可能会被忽略、遗忘，可推知画线词oblivion与 orgetfulness意思相近。故选C。] 11.A[标题归纳题。根据第一段并结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了 全球首家开放其全部艺术收藏的博物馆一位于鹿特丹的 Boiimans Van Beuningen画廊。故A项“全球首家开放其全部艺 术收藏的博物馆”可以作为本文最佳标题。] Ⅱ，语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何为参观埃菲尔铁塔做 好计划提供了几点建议。 0