Unit 5 Grammar ～ Further Study重点考点梳理讲义&综合练习 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格归纳、短语对比及考点梳理构建系统的语法知识体系，涵盖动词用法（如avoid doing sth.）、从句（unless/until引导的状语从句）、反意疑问句等18个核心考点，用表格清晰呈现反意疑问句动词选择规则，用短语辨析模块对比turn on/off等易混短语，直观体现知识内在联系与重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，基础层设词汇语法易错题过关（如词性转换、完成句子）夯实语言能力，提升层通过完形填空（如人物心理推理）、书面表达（演讲稿写作）培养思维品质，综合填空结合 manners主题渗透文化意识。不同层次练习满足差异化需求，教师可依此实施精准教学，助力学生系统掌握单元知识并提升综合语言运用能力。

2026新译林8B U5 Grammar ~ Further Study 重点考点梳理讲义&综合练习 练习版 【词汇、语法易错题过关】 一、词汇 1. We held a heated __________ (讨论) about this question yesterday. 2. I didn’t __________ (full) understand the teacher’s explanation in class, so I asked her to explain it again after the lesson. 3. stop __________ (推动) and just wait for your turn. 4. As soon as the bell rang, Alice __________ (急促) into the classroom. 5. Put on your e __________ if you want to listen to music in the office. 6. The soup smells really __________ (taste). I can’t wait to try it! 7. It’s i __________ to speak with your mouth full of food. This is a basic table manner. 8. A warm __________ (拥抱) can make new babies feel loved. 9. You can’t fully understand others __________ (除非) you walk in others’ shoes. 10. Even when we disagree, we should always speak to others __________ (respect). 二、完成句子 1. 尽管你的包挡住了路，我还是能挤过去. ______________________________, I can still get by. 2. Tom 不够有耐心去仔细倾听他人的话。 Tom ________________________________________ around you. 3. 你应该足够细心去注意你身边的小变化。 You should ________________________________________ around you. 4. 这个小男孩太兴奋了而不能清晰地表达自己。 The little boy __________________________________________________. 5. 他还没大到可抽烟的年纪。 He is ________________________________________ smoke. 重点语言点梳理&练习 考点1. avoid doing sth. 避免做...... 1. What’s more, be sure to avoid __________ (touch) their heads. It’s not polite. 2. You can’t find out an excuse to avoid __________ (queue) to buy the ticket. 3. 我们应该避免打断别人说话。 We should ________________________________________. 4. When you are driving a car in the street, you should avoid __________ (hit) others. 考点2. get one’s turn 轮到某人 turn n. 次序；轮班；转变；转弯 v. (使) 变成；转身；转弯；求助于 __________________________ 轮流做某事 __________________________ 轮到某人做某事 in turn _____________ 【turn相关动词短语辨析】 turn _______ / ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助 turn right / left 向右转/左转 _____________ 转身 _____________ 把......变成...... turn red 变红 turn on _____________ turn off _____________ turn up _____________；出现 (= show up) turn down _____________；拒绝 (= refuse) turn out _____________ 【练习】 1. The Ant Forest of Alipay (支付宝) is helping to ______ deserts ______ forests by asking people to plant trees online. A. turn; into B. turn; down C. turn; off D. turn; over 2. — Mrs. Smith, I have some ______ sleeping. Would you mind ______ the music a bit, please? — OK, of course not. A. troubles; turning up B. trouble; turning down C. problem; to turn down D. problems; turning off 3. The unemployed (失业的) poor man ______ a job offer from an international company and went abroad to further her study. A. turned to B. turned down C. turned on D. turned up 4. It may ______ that vitamin E plays an important part in prevention, but can not cure diseases. A. run out B. find out C. turn out D. stay out 5. — The radio is too loud. ______ can I ______? — You can turn this knob. A. What; turn it down B. How; turn it up C. How; turn it down D. What; turn it up 考点3. cheat vi. /vt.用法 cheat : 欺骗 (宾语通常是人); 作弊 (常与介词_____________搭配) _____________ n. 作弊者；骗子 【cheat相关短语】 cheat sb. out of sth. _____________ cheat _______ an exam 考试作弊 cheat _______ sth. 在......方面作弊 cheat _______ sb. 对某人不忠、欺骗某人 cheat sb. ____ sth. 骗取某人某物 cheat death _____________ 【练习】 1. I 100% trust her royalty. After all, she has never ______ me. A. lied B. scared C. chose D. cheated 2. 他们骗取了老妇人的房屋和钱财。 They __________ the old woman’s house and money. 3. 这两个骗子最终没能从广州逃跑。 The two __________ didn’t __________ __________ __________ Guangzhou. 4. It’s wrong for students to ______ in the exams. A. cheat B. lie C. talk D. share 5. He once ______ me of my money. I won’t believe him any more. A. cheated B. told C. warned D. reminded 6. The man cheated the old lady ______ her gold ring. A. in B. of C. at D. for 考点4. promise v./n.用法 promise _____________ 承诺某人某事 promise sb. _____________ sth. / promise that +句子 承诺某人做某事 keep a promise = keep one’s word _____________ _____________ a promise 做出/违背承诺 【练习】 1. Will you promise __________ (not tell) the truth to the teachers? 2. Because Mike realized how important teamwork was, he promised __________ (not make) decisions by himself and began to listen to his teammates’ advice. 考点5. even though / even if: 即使 1. 尽管这本小说很厚，但我一天就读完了。 ___________________the novel is thick, I ____________________________. 2. ______ it was raining heavily, the football match continued as planned. A. Even though B. Now that C. Because of D. Even worse 3. — Didn’t you finish your homework last night? — Yes, I did, ______ I wasn’t feeling well. A. even though B. since C. as if D. whether 4. 我被这个陌生人的礼貌和善意深深打动了，尽管我没来得及向他道歉。 I __________ deeply __________ by the stranger’s __________ and __________, __________ __________ I didn’t have time to say thank you to him. 考点6. in peace / peaceful in peace = peacefully 【练习】 1. China National Tea Museum is a relaxing and __________ (peace) place near a lake. 2. We hope all animals can live ______ in nature. A. peaceful B. in peace C. peace D. peacefully 3. The world needs more ______ instead of wars. A. peaceful B. peace C. in peace D. peacefully 考点7. impolite / polite / politeness / politely 1. It is __________ (polite) to speak ill of others behind their backs. 2. When you receive a gift, you should accept it __________ (polite) by bending your body and using both hands. 3. The more __________ (polite) you show to others, the __________ (polite) they will treat you in return. 4. — It’s impolite ______ others when they are speaking. — Sorry, Mr Wu. But I have an important message for everyone. A. to cut on in B. to cut in on C. cutting on in D. cutting in on 考点8. allow sb. to do sth. / be allowed to do sth. allow sb. (not) to do sth. 允许某人（不）做某事 sb. be allowed (not) to do sth. 某人（不）被允许做某事 1. Our parents won’t allow us ______ in the river alone. A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swam 2. 这个饭店不允许抽烟。 Smoking __________ __________ __________ in this restaurant. 考点9. trouble v. / n. 用法 trouble sb. 麻烦某人 have trouble / difficulty / problems (in) _____________ sth. 做......有困难 【练习】 1. 我们不应该在博物馆里大声喧哗因为这会打扰到其他游客。 We ______________________________ inside the museum because it ____________________. 2. With the help of the new GPS system, the rescue team had no trouble __________ (find) the hikers who got lost in the thick forest. 3. We have a problem __________ (solve) and we have problems ______ it. 4. What difficulty do you have __________ (explain) what you want to your parents? 5. Lisa is an experienced teacher. She has no trouble __________ (communicate) with the deaf children at all. 6. If your study __________ (trouble) you, you can ask me for help. 考点10. make/think/find/believe + it + adj. (for sb.) + to do sth. 1. make it easy for big groups __________ (talk) and reach the food in the middle 2. It was impolite ______ you to make so much noise while eating yesterday. I think it necessary ______ you to learn table manners. A. of; for B. for; of C. for; for D. of; of 3. Do you think ______ important for students to do their homework and ______ on time? A. it’s; hand them in B. that; hand in them C. it’s; hand in it D. it; hand it in 4. Many students find ______ helpful to use the Internet. A. it B. its C. that D. those 5.We feel ______ our duty to help people in need. A. it B. that C. this D. one 6. 5G makes it possible for people __________ (surf) the Internet fast. 考点11. 反意疑问句 Manners are quite different in different countries, aren’t they? 1. 结构: 反意疑问句= 陈述句 + 一般疑问句 (1) 肯定陈述句+否定的一般疑问句 (前肯后否) (2) 否定陈述句+肯定的一般疑问句 (前否后肯) 注意: 陈述部分有否定意义的词(seldom,hardly, never, few, little, nothing, none, neither...)，疑问部分用肯定。 2. 反义疑问句动词的选择 前be后be Manners are quite different in different countries, aren’t they? 前情后情 He can speak French well, can’t he? 前实后助 Amy likes playing the piano, doesn’t he? 前助后助 He has known the matter, hasn’t he? 注意：陈述部分有从句 (1) 定语从句、宾语从句→看主句 He isn’t the boy who gave us a talk, is he? (2) 主语是第一人称I/We + think/believe/imagine/expect等+宾语从句→看从句(疑问部分：人称/谓语看从句，肯否看主句，前肯后否，前否后看) I don’t think he can finish the work, can he? We don’t believe she knows it, does she? I imagine that the students like her, don’t they? 【练习】 1. — The secretary has already on the way to the company, ______ she? — ______. She has badly hurt in the accident and sent to the hospital. A. hasn’t; Yes B. hasn’t; No C. isn’t; No D. isn’t; Yes 2. He’s the only one of his family who __________ (pass) the driving test so far, __________ he? 3. — Millie has few close friends in her class, ______? — ______. She is too shy to make friends with others. A. has she; Yes, she has B. has she; No, she hasn’t C. does she; Yes, she does D. does she; No, she doesn’t 4. You __________ (eat) in the new restaurant this evening, aren’t you? 5. Don’t pick flowers in the park, ______? A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you 6. Your father used to work in the factory, ______? A. did he B. didn’t he C. does he D. usedn’t he 考点12. one another 互相、彼此 1. People in the community help ______ and live happily. A. each other B. one another’s C. another D. the other 2. Good friends should understand ______. A. one another B. other C. another D. others 3. They know __________ (one another) hobbies well. 4. 家人之间应该彼此关爱。 Family members should love ____________________. 考点13. be about to do sth. be about to do sth. 即将/正要做某事 (不与tomorrow/soon连用) be about to do... when... 正要做某事，突然...... 【练习】 1. 我正要去上班的时候电话响了。 I ________________________________________ when the telephone rang. 2. I ______ leave when my father came back. A. am about to B. was about to C. will D. was going 3. We were about to have class ______ the teacher appeared. A. as B. when C. before D. after 考点14. be similar to：与......相似 1. 中国博物馆里的规则和英国的非常相似。 The rules in ________________________________________ in the UK. 2. 你们的任务和我们的相似吗？ Is ________________________________________? 考点15. It’s common to do sth. 做......是常见的 be common to... 对......来说很普遍 in common 共同；共有；有共同点 _____________ 有共同之处 common sense _____________ 【练习】 1. 在你们国家给小费是常见的吗？ Is it __________________________________________________ in your country? 2. — Susan used to be a ______ person. But after the speech, she is very popular. — Yes. Many people know her because of her story. A. confident B. perfect C. common D. powerful 3. Tea seems like a ______ drink, but it is a symbol of Chinese wisdom. A. valuable B. central C. common D. lasting 考点16. play an important role in... 在......中扮演重要角色 1. 餐桌礼仪在中国发挥着重要作用。 Table manners ______________________________ in China. 2. Trees play an important role in __________ (keep) the air clean. 3. Science ______ an important part in our daily life. A. plays B. puts C. gives D. has 考点17. unless / if (如果) 引导的条件状语从句 unless 除非 (= if not) if: 如果→引导条件状语从句 (主将从现、主情从现、主祈从现) 【其它常考主讲从现标志词】 as long as; as soon as; unless 【练习】 1. 除非你不得不匆忙离开，否则不要急促就餐。 Don’t ____________________________________. 2. 除非所有人都已经吃完，否则离席是不礼貌的。 It is __________________________________________________. 3. We won’t start eating ______ everyone at the table is quiet. A. after B. before C. when D. unless 4. — Do you think the players from Japan will lose the match? — I’m afraid so, ______ they improve their skills. A. unless B. because C. if D. so 5. I __________ (承诺) to help you with your homework if you finish your math exercises first. 6. If you __________ (not be) careful next time, you will fail the exam once more. 考点18. until / not ...until引导的时间状语从句(主将从现；主过从过) until: (做某事)直到......为止 (只能用延续性动词) not...until... 直到某时才做某事 (既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词) 【练习】 1. — ______ will the TV play be broadcasted (播出)? — Perhaps ______ it’s reviewed successfully. A. How long; until B. When; until C. How soon; not until D. How often; not until 2. It’s a good habit we should never put off today’s work ______ tomorrow. A. after B. since C. if D. until 3. You __________ (not realize) how amazing the film is until you watch it. 语篇阅读能力提升 一、完形填空 Emma’ s pain started when all the students were gathered on the track (跑道), ready to run. She didn't mind the tiredness, but the ___1___ others gave her. On the outside,Emma looked stronger than others of her age, in her bigger thighs(大腿); ___2___ on the inside,she felt small. And PE class was when she felt at her smallest. A group of loud and outspoken classmates made her feel ___3___. Although they could run faster than Emma, they ___4___ to jog a bit behind her, laughing suddenly and commenting(评论) on how Emma jogged. “Just one more year,” Emma kept telling herself, “one more year and I’ll graduate from the middle school and won't have to take this PE class any more.” She just wanted to ___5___ it. But everything changed when a new girl called Kit ___6___ the class. She had bright eyes and a long scar (疤痕) across the left side of her face.Her appearance in the classroom that day was met by many ___7___ eyes. Their teacher, Ms Hardy, didn't ask Kit for a personal ___8___ . But, as soon as she put her bag down on her desk, Kit stood up, saying,“Hi,everyone, nice to meet you. I’m Kit. I love sports and fashion. You must be wondering about my scar. I ___9___ it when I was young when I fell off my bike. ___10___, I didn't get hurt more seriously.It's now like a cool ___11___ of all the unusual experiences I had as a kid.” On Kit’s words, Emma’s heart began beating fast, with her mouth wide open. How could someone be so ___12___? “Why couldn't I act like her?” Emma said to herself. 1. A. looks B. orders C. smiles D. tasks 2. A. or B. so C. but D. because 3. A. impatient B. relaxed C. guilty D. uncomfortable 4. A. dreamed B. preferred C. happened D. promised 5. A. survive B. remember C. explore D. experience 6. A. taught B. directed C. protected D. joined 7. A. calm B. careful C. curious D. bored 8. A. duty B. activity C. question D. introduction 9. A. found B. got C. accepted D. made 10. A. Luckily B. Hopefully C. Sadly D. Probably 11. A. word B. mark C. mask D. guess 12. A. generous B. organized C. confident D. polite 二、信息还原 A person has two ears but only one mouth. 1. ______ The word“listen” has the same letters as the word“silent”. Listening silently is a good quality that we should have. It's important for us to be a good listener. When someone is sad or angry, he wants to express his poor feelings. 2.______ Then we may have a good talk with him. Maybe it is a good way to help him out. Listening is a kind of love. For example, we may think our parents are always talking too much. But in fact,they do so because they care a lot about our health, study and so on. If we listen patiently, our parents will feel that we care about them. 3.______ Sometimes, we just want others to listen to us but forget to listen to others. In fact, that's not polite. In order to show our respect for others, we had better listen to them first. 4. ______ Listening sounds easy, but it's not. Every head is a world. So we should learn to listen with our ears, eyes and hearts as much as we can, and try to make ourselves good listeners from now on. A. Then we can express our ideas. B. Talking to others is less important than listening to others. C. That means we should listen, not just speak. D. A loving silent moment is often more powerful than words. E. When our parents are talking, we'd better talk with them. F. At this moment, we need to listen silently first until he gets calm. 三、综合填空 Good manners play 1.__________ important role in our daily life. They help us get on well with others. However, some students don’ t realize how important it is to behave politely. In fact, having good manners is not as hard as it seems. Firstly, we should speak to others politely. It is 2.__________ (polite) to shout or laugh loudly in public places. When we need help, we’d better say“Excuse me” or“Could you please...” instead of pushing in before others. Secondly, showing respect is necessary. We should listen to the elderly 3.__________ (respectful) and never talk back to our teachers. As we all know, respecting others is respecting ourselves. My head teacher once told me that 4.__________ (have) good manners shows a person’s education. Thirdly, we need to learn table manners. When we are at the table, we shouldn’t start eating 5.__________ everyone is ready. We are also supposed to chew food quietly. It is rude 6.__________ (stick) our chopsticks into the food. Sometimes, a simple action can warm others’ hearts. Last week, I saw a boy give up his seat to an old man on the bus. The old man was so moved 7.__________ he thanked the boy again and again. His kind act even 8.__________ (move) other passengers as well. Good manners are taught at home and at school. Parents and teachers always remind us that we will make more friends 9.__________ we are polite enough. If everyone behaves well, our world 10.__________ (become) a more comfortable place to live in. What good manners! They are the beauty of life. 四、书面表达 人无礼则不立，请以“How to be a person with good manners”为题，根据以下要点为学校的英语演讲比赛写一篇演讲稿。 公共场合礼仪 轻声细语，排队等候 餐桌礼仪 (自拟至少2点) 校园礼仪 (自拟至少2点) 要求： 1.要点齐全、条理清楚、表达准确、语句通顺、意思连贯； 2. 80个词左右，短文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3.短文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名等。 How to be a person with good manners As the saying goes, “ Manners make the man.” A person with good manners behaves politely. As teenagers, what should we do to show good manners? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Let’s practise good manners to make ourselves better people! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026新译林8B U5 Grammar ~ Further Study 重点考点梳理讲义&综合练习 答案版 【词汇、语法易错题过关】 一、词汇 1. We held a heated __________ (讨论) about this question yesterday. 2. I didn’t __________ (full) understand the teacher’s explanation in class, so I asked her to explain it again after the lesson. 3. stop __________ (推动) and just wait for your turn. 4. As soon as the bell rang, Alice __________ (急促) into the classroom. 5. Put on your e __________ if you want to listen to music in the office. 6. The soup smells really __________ (taste). I can’t wait to try it! 7. It’s i __________ to speak with your mouth full of food. This is a basic table manner. 8. A warm __________ (拥抱) can make new babies feel loved. 9. You can’t fully understand others __________ (除非) you walk in others’ shoes. 10. Even when we disagree, we should always speak to others __________ (respect). 【答案】 1. discussion 2. fully 3. pushing 4. hurried 5. earphones 6. tasty 7. impolite 8. hug 9. unless 10. respectfully 二、完成句子 1. 尽管你的包挡住了路，我还是能挤过去. ______________________________, I can still get by. 2. Tom 不够有耐心去仔细倾听他人的话。 Tom ________________________________________ around you. 3. 你应该足够细心去注意你身边的小变化。 You should ________________________________________ around you. 4. 这个小男孩太兴奋了而不能清晰地表达自己。 The little boy __________________________________________________. 5. 他还没大到可抽烟的年纪。 He is ________________________________________ smoke. 【答案】 1. Even though your bag is in the way 2. isn’t patient enough to listen to others carefully 3. be careful enough to notice the small changes 4. is too excited to express himself clearly 5. not old enough to 重点语言点梳理&练习 考点1. avoid doing sth. 避免做...... 1. What’s more, be sure to avoid __________ (touch) their heads. It’s not polite. 2. You can’t find out an excuse to avoid __________ (queue) to buy the ticket. 3. 我们应该避免打断别人说话。 We should ________________________________________. 4. When you are driving a car in the street, you should avoid __________ (hit) others. 【答案】 touching; queuing; avoid cutting in on others; hitting 考点2. get one’s turn 轮到某人 turn n. 次序；轮班；转变；转弯 v. (使) 变成；转身；转弯；求助于 take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 in turn 相应地；依次；轮流 【turn相关动词短语辨析】 turn to/ ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助 turn right / left 向右转/左转 turn around 转身 turn... into... 把......变成...... turn red 变红 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉 turn up 调大声音；出现 (= show up) turn down 调低声音；拒绝 (= refuse) turn out 结果是 【练习】 1. The Ant Forest of Alipay (支付宝) is helping to ______ deserts ______ forests by asking people to plant trees online. A. turn; into B. turn; down C. turn; off D. turn; over 2. — Mrs. Smith, I have some ______ sleeping. Would you mind ______ the music a bit, please? — OK, of course not. A. troubles; turning up B. trouble; turning down C. problem; to turn down D. problems; turning off 3. The unemployed (失业的) poor man ______ a job offer from an international company and went abroad to further her study. A. turned to B. turned down C. turned on D. turned up 4. It may ______ that vitamin E plays an important part in prevention, but can not cure diseases. A. run out B. find out C. turn out D. stay out 5. — The radio is too loud. ______ can I ______? — You can turn this knob. A. What; turn it down B. How; turn it up C. How; turn it down D. What; turn it up 【答案】ABBCC 考点3. cheat vi. /vt.用法 cheat : 欺骗 (宾语通常是人); 作弊 (常与介词in搭配) cheater n. 作弊者；骗子 【cheat相关短语】 cheat sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物 cheat in an exam 考试作弊 cheat at sth. 在......方面作弊 cheat on sb. 对某人不忠、欺骗某人 cheat sb. of sth. 骗取某人某物 cheat death 死里逃生 【练习】 1. I 100% trust her royalty. After all, she has never ______ me. A. lied B. scared C. chose D. cheated 2. 他们骗取了老妇人的房屋和钱财。 They __________ the old woman’s house and money. 3. 这两个骗子最终没能从广州逃跑。 The two __________ didn’t __________ __________ __________ Guangzhou. 4. It’s wrong for students to ______ in the exams. A. cheat B. lie C. talk D. share 5. He once ______ me of my money. I won’t believe him any more. A. cheated B. told C. warned D. reminded 6. The man cheated the old lady ______ her gold ring. A. in B. of C. at D. for 【答案】1. D 2. cheated 3. cheaters; run away from 4. A 5. A 6. B 考点4. promise v./n.用法 promise sb. sth. 承诺某人某事 promise sb. to do sth. / promise that +句子 承诺某人做某事 keep a promise = keep one’s word 信守承诺 make/break a promise 做出/违背承诺 【练习】 1. Will you promise __________ (not tell) the truth to the teachers? 2. Because Mike realized how important teamwork was, he promised __________ (not make) decisions by himself and began to listen to his teammates’ advice. 【答案】not to tell not to make 考点5. even though / even if: 即使 1. 尽管这本小说很厚，但我一天就读完了。 ___________________the novel is thick, I ____________________________. 2. ______ it was raining heavily, the football match continued as planned. A. Even though B. Now that C. Because of D. Even worse 3. — Didn’t you finish your homework last night? — Yes, I did, ______ I wasn’t feeling well. A. even though B. since C. as if D. whether 4. 我被这个陌生人的礼貌和善意深深打动了，尽管我没来得及向他道歉。 I __________ deeply __________ by the stranger’s __________ and __________, __________ __________ I didn’t have time to say thank you to him. 【答案】 1. Even though; finished reading it within one day 2. A 3. A 4. was; moved; politeness; kindness; even though 考点6. in peace / peaceful in peace = peacefully 【练习】 1. China National Tea Museum is a relaxing and __________ (peace) place near a lake. 2. We hope all animals can live ______ in nature. A. peaceful B. in peace C. peace D. peacefully 3. The world needs more ______ instead of wars. A. peaceful B. peace C. in peace D. peacefully 【答案】peaceful B B 考点7. impolite / polite / politeness / politely 1. It is __________ (polite) to speak ill of others behind their backs. 2. When you receive a gift, you should accept it __________ (polite) by bending your body and using both hands. 3. The more __________ (polite) you show to others, the __________ (polite) they will treat you in return. 4. — It’s impolite ______ others when they are speaking. — Sorry, Mr Wu. But I have an important message for everyone. A. to cut on in B. to cut in on C. cutting on in D. cutting in on 【答案】1. impolite 2. politely 3. politeness; more politely 4. B 考点8. allow sb. to do sth. / be allowed to do sth. allow sb. (not) to do sth. 允许某人（不）做某事 sb. be allowed (not) to do sth. 某人（不）被允许做某事 1. Our parents won’t allow us ______ in the river alone. A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swam 2. 这个饭店不允许抽烟。 Smoking __________ __________ __________ in this restaurant. 【答案】B is not allowed 考点9. trouble v. / n. 用法 trouble sb. 麻烦某人 have trouble / difficulty / problems (in) doing sth. 做......有困难 【练习】 1. 我们不应该在博物馆里大声喧哗因为这会打扰到其他游客。 We ______________________________ inside the museum because it ____________________. 2. With the help of the new GPS system, the rescue team had no trouble __________ (find) the hikers who got lost in the thick forest. 3. We have a problem __________ (solve) and we have problems ______ it. 4. What difficulty do you have __________ (explain) what you want to your parents? 5. Lisa is an experienced teacher. She has no trouble __________ (communicate) with the deaf children at all. 6. If your study __________ (trouble) you, you can ask me for help. 【答案】 1. shouldn’t shout loudly; may trouble other visitors 2. finding 3. to solve; solving 4. explaining 5. communicating 6. troubles 考点10. make/think/find/believe + it + adj. (for sb.) + to do sth. 1. make it easy for big groups __________ (talk) and reach the food in the middle 2. It was impolite ______ you to make so much noise while eating yesterday. I think it necessary ______ you to learn table manners. A. of; for B. for; of C. for; for D. of; of 3. Do you think ______ important for students to do their homework and ______ on time? A. it’s; hand them in B. that; hand in them C. it’s; hand in it D. it; hand it in 4. Many students find ______ helpful to use the Internet. A. it B. its C. that D. those 5.We feel ______ our duty to help people in need. A. it B. that C. this D. one 6. 5G makes it possible for people __________ (surf) the Internet fast. 【答案】 1. to talk 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. to surf 考点11. 反意疑问句 Manners are quite different in different countries, aren’t they? 1. 结构: 反意疑问句= 陈述句 + 一般疑问句 (1) 肯定陈述句+否定的一般疑问句 (前肯后否) (2) 否定陈述句+肯定的一般疑问句 (前否后肯) 注意: 陈述部分有否定意义的词(seldom,hardly, never, few, little, nothing, none, neither...)，疑问部分用肯定。 2. 反义疑问句动词的选择 前be后be Manners are quite different in different countries, aren’t they? 前情后情 He can speak French well, can’t he? 前实后助 Amy likes playing the piano, doesn’t he? 前助后助 He has known the matter, hasn’t he? 注意：陈述部分有从句 (1) 定语从句、宾语从句→看主句 He isn’t the boy who gave us a talk, is he? (2) 主语是第一人称I/We + think/believe/imagine/expect等+宾语从句→看从句(疑问部分：人称/谓语看从句，肯否看主句，前肯后否，前否后看) I don’t think he can finish the work, can he? We don’t believe she knows it, does she? I imagine that the students like her, don’t they? 【练习】 1. — The secretary has already on the way to the company, ______ she? — ______. She has badly hurt in the accident and sent to the hospital. A. hasn’t; Yes B. hasn’t; No C. isn’t; No D. isn’t; Yes 2. He’s the only one of his family who __________ (pass) the driving test so far, __________ he? 3. — Millie has few close friends in her class, ______? — ______. She is too shy to make friends with others. A. has she; Yes, she has B. has she; No, she hasn’t C. does she; Yes, she does D. does she; No, she doesn’t 4. You __________ (eat) in the new restaurant this evening, aren’t you? 5. Don’t pick flowers in the park, ______? A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you 6. Your father used to work in the factory, ______? A. did he B. didn’t he C. does he D. usedn’t he 【答案】 1. A 2. has passed; hasn’t 3. B 4. are going to 5. will you 6. B 考点12. one another 互相、彼此 1. People in the community help ______ and live happily. A. each other B. one another’s C. another D. the other 2. Good friends should understand ______. A. one another B. other C. another D. others 3. They know __________ (one another) hobbies well. 4. 家人之间应该彼此关爱。 Family members should love ____________________. 【答案】A A one another’s one another/each other 考点13. be about to do sth. be about to do sth. 即将/正要做某事 (不与tomorrow/soon连用) be about to do... when... 正要做某事，突然...... 【练习】 1. 我正要去上班的时候电话响了。 I ________________________________________ when the telephone rang. 2. I ______ leave when my father came back. A. am about to B. was about to C. will D. was going 3. We were about to have class ______ the teacher appeared. A. as B. when C. before D. after 【答案】 1. as about to go to work 2. B 3. B 考点14. be similar to：与......相似 1. 中国博物馆里的规则和英国的非常相似。 The rules in ________________________________________ in the UK. 2. 你们的任务和我们的相似吗？ Is ________________________________________? 【答案】 1. Chinese museums are very similar to those 2. your task similar to ours 考点15. It’s common to do sth. 做......是常见的 be common to... 对......来说很普遍 in common 共同；共有；有共同点 have sth. in common 有共同之处 common sense 常识 【练习】 1. 在你们国家给小费是常见的吗？ Is it __________________________________________________ in your country? 2. — Susan used to be a ______ person. But after the speech, she is very popular. — Yes. Many people know her because of her story. A. confident B. perfect C. common D. powerful 3. Tea seems like a ______ drink, but it is a symbol of Chinese wisdom. A. valuable B. central C. common D. lasting 【答案】common to give tips C C 考点16. play an important role in... 在......中扮演重要角色 1. 餐桌礼仪在中国发挥着重要作用。 Table manners ______________________________ in China. 2. Trees play an important role in __________ (keep) the air clean. 3. Science ______ an important part in our daily life. A. plays B. puts C. gives D. has 【答案】 1. play an important role 2. keeping 3. A 考点17. unless / if (如果) 引导的条件状语从句 unless 除非 (= if not) if: 如果→引导条件状语从句 (主将从现、主情从现、主祈从现) 【其它常考主讲从现标志词】 as long as; as soon as; unless 【练习】 1. 除非你不得不匆忙离开，否则不要急促就餐。 Don’t ____________________________________. 2. 除非所有人都已经吃完，否则离席是不礼貌的。 It is __________________________________________________. 3. We won’t start eating ______ everyone at the table is quiet. A. after B. before C. when D. unless 4. — Do you think the players from Japan will lose the match? — I’m afraid so, ______ they improve their skills. A. unless B. because C. if D. so 5. I __________ (承诺) to help you with your homework if you finish your math exercises first. 6. If you __________ (not be) careful next time, you will fail the exam once more. 【答案】 1. rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry 2. impolite to leave the table unless everyone has finished eating. 3. D 4. A 5. will promise 6. aren’t 考点18. until / not ...until引导的时间状语从句(主将从现；主过从过) until: (做某事)直到......为止 (只能用延续性动词) not...until... 直到某时才做某事 (既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词) 【练习】 1. — ______ will the TV play be broadcasted (播出)? — Perhaps ______ it’s reviewed successfully. A. How long; until B. When; until C. How soon; not until D. How often; not until 2. It’s a good habit we should never put off today’s work ______ tomorrow. A. after B. since C. if D. until 3. You __________ (not realize) how amazing the film is until you watch it. 【答案】C D won’t realize 语篇阅读能力提升 一、完形填空 Emma’ s pain started when all the students were gathered on the track (跑道), ready to run. She didn't mind the tiredness, but the ___1___ others gave her. On the outside,Emma looked stronger than others of her age, in her bigger thighs(大腿); ___2___ on the inside,she felt small. And PE class was when she felt at her smallest. A group of loud and outspoken classmates made her feel ___3___. Although they could run faster than Emma, they ___4___ to jog a bit behind her, laughing suddenly and commenting(评论) on how Emma jogged. “Just one more year,” Emma kept telling herself, “one more year and I’ll graduate from the middle school and won't have to take this PE class any more.” She just wanted to ___5___ it. But everything changed when a new girl called Kit ___6___ the class. She had bright eyes and a long scar (疤痕) across the left side of her face.Her appearance in the classroom that day was met by many ___7___ eyes. Their teacher, Ms Hardy, didn't ask Kit for a personal ___8___ . But, as soon as she put her bag down on her desk, Kit stood up, saying,“Hi,everyone, nice to meet you. I’m Kit. I love sports and fashion. You must be wondering about my scar. I ___9___ it when I was young when I fell off my bike. ___10___, I didn't get hurt more seriously.It's now like a cool ___11___ of all the unusual experiences I had as a kid.” On Kit’s words, Emma’s heart began beating fast, with her mouth wide open. How could someone be so ___12___? “Why couldn't I act like her?” Emma said to herself. 1. A. looks B. orders C. smiles D. tasks 2. A. or B. so C. but D. because 3. A. impatient B. relaxed C. guilty D. uncomfortable 4. A. dreamed B. preferred C. happened D. promised 5. A. survive B. remember C. explore D. experience 6. A. taught B. directed C. protected D. joined 7. A. calm B. careful C. curious D. bored 8. A. duty B. activity C. question D. introduction 9. A. found B. got C. accepted D. made 10. A. Luckily B. Hopefully C. Sadly D. Probably 11. A. word B. mark C. mask D. guess 12. A. generous B. organized C. confident D. polite 【答案】1-5: ACDBA 6-10: DCDBA 11-12: BC 二、信息还原 A person has two ears but only one mouth. 1. ______ The word“listen” has the same letters as the word“silent”. Listening silently is a good quality that we should have. It's important for us to be a good listener. When someone is sad or angry, he wants to express his poor feelings. 2.______ Then we may have a good talk with him. Maybe it is a good way to help him out. Listening is a kind of love. For example, we may think our parents are always talking too much. But in fact,they do so because they care a lot about our health, study and so on. If we listen patiently, our parents will feel that we care about them. 3.______ Sometimes, we just want others to listen to us but forget to listen to others. In fact, that's not polite. In order to show our respect for others, we had better listen to them first. 4. ______ Listening sounds easy, but it's not. Every head is a world. So we should learn to listen with our ears, eyes and hearts as much as we can, and try to make ourselves good listeners from now on. A. Then we can express our ideas. B. Talking to others is less important than listening to others. C. That means we should listen, not just speak. D. A loving silent moment is often more powerful than words. E. When our parents are talking, we'd better talk with them. F. At this moment, we need to listen silently first until he gets calm. 【答案】CFDA 三、综合填空 Good manners play 1.__________ important role in our daily life. They help us get on well with others. However, some students don’ t realize how important it is to behave politely. In fact, having good manners is not as hard as it seems. Firstly, we should speak to others politely. It is 2.__________ (polite) to shout or laugh loudly in public places. When we need help, we’d better say“Excuse me” or“Could you please...” instead of pushing in before others. Secondly, showing respect is necessary. We should listen to the elderly 3.__________ (respectful) and never talk back to our teachers. As we all know, respecting others is respecting ourselves. My head teacher once told me that 4.__________ (have) good manners shows a person’s education. Thirdly, we need to learn table manners. When we are at the table, we shouldn’t start eating 5.__________ everyone is ready. We are also supposed to chew food quietly. It is rude 6.__________ (stick) our chopsticks into the food. Sometimes, a simple action can warm others’ hearts. Last week, I saw a boy give up his seat to an old man on the bus. The old man was so moved 7.__________ he thanked the boy again and again. His kind act even 8.__________ (move) other passengers as well. Good manners are taught at home and at school. Parents and teachers always remind us that we will make more friends 9.__________ we are polite enough. If everyone behaves well, our world 10.__________ (become) a more comfortable place to live in. What good manners! They are the beauty of life. 【答案】1. an 2. impolite 3. respectfully 4. having 5. until 6. to stick 7. that 8. even 9. if 10. will become 四、书面表达 人无礼则不立，请以“How to be a person with good manners”为题，根据以下要点为学校的英语演讲比赛写一篇演讲稿。 公共场合礼仪 轻声细语，排队等候 餐桌礼仪 (自拟至少2点) 校园礼仪 (自拟至少2点) 要求： 1.要点齐全、条理清楚、表达准确、语句通顺、意思连贯； 2. 80个词左右，短文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3.短文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名等。 How to be a person with good manners As the saying goes, “ Manners make the man.” A person with good manners behaves politely. As teenagers, what should we do to show good manners? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Let’s practise good manners to make ourselves better people! 【参考范文】 How to be a person with good manners As the saying goes,“ Manners make the man.” A person with good manners behaves politely. As teenagers, what should we do to show good manners? In public places, we should always keep our voice down and wait in line patiently. It's important not to push or talk loudly. At the dinner table, we should eat with our mouths closed and not talk with food inside. It's polite to wait for everyone to finish eating before we leave the table. In school, we must follow all the school rules. It's a good habit to greet teachers with a warm smile. We should respect our classmates. Let's practise good manners to make ourselves better people! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $