专题06 Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world（单元测试--基础卷）2025-2026学年高一同步重难点专题练 （译林版2020必修三）

听力考试正式开始。I'd love to go to europe, but it's just so expensive. IT doesn't have to be look at Carry SHE managed to all around europe for three months on very little money. You may get some tips from her. Listen to the next . question. Now that you're free in the evening, Daniel, why don't you join . our sports club? love? But i'm afraid i'm not that athletic. Don't worry, we just go there to keep fit and make friends. Now that you're free in the evening, Daniel, why don't you join . our sports club, love? But i'm afraid i'm not that athletic. Don't worry, we just go there to keep fit and make friends. Listen to the next question. miss Williams. I am leaving on thursday to spend a few days in mexico with . my sounds exciting. When are you coming back? I am . coming back from mexico next monday, so I will be in the office next tuesday. Listen to the next question. Would you please come to my office at five o'clock this afternoon? Can I meet you tomorrow instead? My son will be home from school at five thirty P. M. I must finish this report before then. Would you please come to my office at five o'clock this afternoon? Can I meet you tomorrow instead? My son will be home from school at five thirty P. M. I must finish this report before then. Listen to the next question. Have you seen the latest update on the school website? The new plan looks great. Yes, I like the idea of building a vegetable garden on the roof. It's a very sustainable project. Have you seen the latest update on the school website? The new plan looks great. Yes, I like the idea of building a vegetable garden on the roof. It's a very sustainable project. Listen to the next question . sharing. I have bad news. A waitress from the restaurant called me just now. He said our reservation was cancel. why? I'm really looking forward to the candle light dinner tonight. He said the restaurant owner unexpectedly cancelled all bookings because it's his wife's birthday today, and he closed the restaurant for this evening. How could he do that? We made this plan two weeks ago. I know, I know. Honey, what about we make dinner ourselves, sharing? I have bad news. A waitress from the restaurant called me just now. He said our reservation was cancel. why? I'm really looking forward to the candle light dinner tonight. He said the restaurant owner unexpectedly cancelled all bookings because it's his wife's birthday today, and he closed the restaurant for this evening. How could he do that? We made this plan two weeks ago. I know, I know, honey, what about we make dinner . ourselves? Listen to the next question. Lately i've been volunteering for planet breathe, a tree planting charity. cool. What are you interested in that? One day I noticed there were only ten trees in a nearby park where there should have been hundreds. I immediately checked online for tree planting charities and found a video about planet breathe, in which a professor explained the importance of trees. How was your last planting day? IT was good. Actually, last time IT was raining, which most people would see as negative. But IT made the soil softer and planting easier. We planted near some huge old industrial buildings that i've never seen before. The planting took forever, which I could have done without. But IT was really worth IT. Lately i've been volunteering for planet breathe, a tree planting charity. cool. What are you interested in that? One day I noticed there were only ten trees in a nearby park where there should have been hundreds. I immediately checked online for tree planting charities and found a video about planet breathe, in which a professor explained the importance of trees. How was your last planting day? IT was good. Actually, last time IT was raining, which most people would see as negative, but IT made the soil softer and planting easier. We planted near some huge old industrial buildings that i'd never seen before. The planting took forever, which I could have done without, but I was really worth IT. Listen to the next question. today's concern, city trees suffering from heat waves in low rainfall, leaf orge, early leaf drop are widespread. Doctor Carter city arbery, what's the parks department doing? We're watering vulnerable trees early morning and late evening to avoid evaporation. Can residents help, absolutely. if their Young trees by your sidewalk water than deeply, one search twice a week in the evening? Just a bucket or two works? Yes, IT helps them survive this dress. Great advice. Thanks, doctor Carter. Today's concern, city trees suffering from heat waves in low rainfall, leaf scorch, early leaf drop are widespread. Doctor Carter city are burst. What's the parks department doing? We're watering . vulnerable trees early morning and late evening to avoid evaporation. Can residents help absolutely . if they are Young. Trees by your sidewalk, water them deeply. One search twice a week in the evening. Just a bucket or two works. Yes, IT helps them survive the stress. Great advice. Thanks, doctor Carter. Listen to the next question. I need your advice about planning the school trip for our students. It's important to make IT enjoyable for everyone. What are the key things you considering? Well, some students use wheelchairs, so the place must be completely accessible. We also need quiet areas for anyone who struggles with loud environments. That makes sense. Have you chosen a location yet? I think so. There is a local science museum, which is quite suitable. IT provides entry and a guided tour for just ten dollars per child. That sounds reasonable. How many students are going? Twenty students, and we also need two staff members for support staff. Tickets cost half the Price of the children's tickets. and transport . a bus costs ninety dollars for the day. And that isn't cheap. I need to double check the budget, but I think it'll work. IT sounds like you've got things covered. The kids will love IT have you considered the needs of the students with eyesight problems? Yes, but there aren't any children who can see. Well, going on this trip, I need your advice about planning the school trip for our students. It's important to make IT enjoyable for everyone. What are the key things you considering? Well. some students use wheelchairs, so the place must be completely accessible. We also need quiet areas. For anyone who struggles with loud environments. that makes sense. Have you chosen a location yet? I think so. There is a local science museum, which is quite suitable. IT provides entry and a guided tour for just ten dollars per child. That sounds reasonable. How many students are going? Twenty students. And we also need two staff members for support staff. Tickets cost half the Price of the children's tickets. and transport . a bus costs ninety dollars for the day, and that isn't cheap. I need to double check the budget, but I think it'll work. IT sounds like you've got things covered. The kids will love IT have you considered the needs of the students with eyesight problems? Yes, but there aren't any children who can see well going on this trip. Listen to the next question. Good morning, ladies and gentleman. I've called this meeting to tell you about moving our students to the new place in groups. So please listen carefully. The agricultural students won't move at all. Their new place was opened last year, and they are well placed for both labs and classroom space. The history students, however, are a different case. They will move to the new place next week, but unfortunately, their teachers will be left in the old buildings as their new offices are still being painted. Better news for the engineering students. You are already moving to the new place and the move should be completed next week. The department of law has been moved downtown. They are now in their new buildings. We are accepting suggestions for the ways school buildings could be used. So if you have further questions, please let us know. Thank you. Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, i've called this meeting to tell you about moving our students to the new place in groups. So please listen carefully. The agricultural students won't move at all. Their new place was opened last year, and they are well placed for both labs and classroom space. The history students, however, are a different case. They will move to the new place next week, but unfortunately, their teachers will be left in the old buildings as their new offices are still being painted. Better news for the engineering students. You are already moving to the new place, and the move should be completed next week. The department of law has been moved downtown. They are now in their new buildings. We are accepting suggestions for the ways school buildings could be used. So if you have further questions, please let us know. Thank you. 听力部分到此结束。 专题06 Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 写作话题---科学家，科学发现和科学精神 (单元测试—基础卷) (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 难度系数：0.65。 4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Give up the trip. B. Travel with Carrie. C. Ask Carrie for help. 2. How does the man sound? A. Confused. B. Hesitant. C. Curious. 3. When will the man go back to work? A. Next Monday. B. Next Tuesday. C. Next Thursday. 4. What is the man going to do first? A. Have a meeting with the woman. B. Pick up his son from school. C. Work on a report. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The school website. B. A roof garden. C. Their favorite food. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What was the speakers' original plan for the evening? A. Eating out. B. Buying some candles. C. Having dinner at home. 7. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Annoyed. B. Worried. C. Pleased. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What first made the man plant trees? A. A lack of trees in his area. B. A professor’s lecture. C. A video about trees. 9. How does the man describe the rainy weather? A. Unpleasant. B. Beneficial. C. Surprising. 10. What did the man dislike about the last planting? A. The place. B. The soil. C. The length. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What problem is the news report discussing? A. A severe water shortage in the region. B. The spread of a tree disease in the city. C. The impact of a prolonged heatwave on trees. 12. What are park officials doing to address the problem? A. Removing all the affected trees. B. Injecting trees with special treatments. C. Watering the trees during restricted hours. 13. What does the arborist suggest residents do to help? A. Report any signs of sick trees immediately. B. Water the young trees in front of their homes. C. Avoid walking on the soil around tree roots. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the primary requirement for choosing the place? A. Offer affordable tickets. B. Stay quiet all the time. C. Be suitable for disabled people. 15. How much do the tickets cost in total? A. $200. B. $210. C. $290. 16. How can the woman be described? A. Thoughtful. B. Hesitant. C. Ambitious. 17. Why can the needs of the students with poor eyesight be ignored? A. The school staff can help them. B. No such student would go there. C. The museum is fully equipped for them. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Offering a suggestion. B. Giving an answer. C. Making an announcement. 19. What does the speaker say about the Agriculture students? A. They will stay where they are. B. They will have their labs painted. C. They need more classroom space. 20. Who are in the downtown buildings? A. The History students. B. The Law students. C. The Engineering students. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Throughout history, women have made significant contributions to the field of science. It is essential to shed light on the women of science, as their struggles and breakthroughs continue to inspire generations of scientists. Ada Lovelace Ada Lovelace, the daughter of the poet Lord Byron, is often regarded as the world’s first computer programmer. Her ground-breaking insights and analytical skills led her to write the first algorithm, imagining the potential of the machine to do more than just calculations. Lovelace’s vision made her well-known as a pioneer in the field. Rosalind Franklin Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray crystallography images played a vital role in understanding the structure of DNA. Her data, acquired through research, was used by James Watson and Francis Crick without her permission or acknowledgment. Franklin’s invaluable contributions to genetics and biology deserve recognition as they provided the key insights into the building blocks of life, yet her name is often overshadowed by her male colleagues. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner made ground-breaking discoveries in nuclear science. Meitner’s contributions to this field are celebrated today, as she paved the way for significant advancements in energy production and scientific understanding. Lise Meitner certainly deserves the place she has earned in the history of science. Mary Anning Mary Anning made remarkable discoveries during the early 19th century and won the respect of the scientists of her time. Anning unearthed the first complete bones of an ichthyosaur(鱼龙). Her pioneering work laid the foundation for the study of prehistoric life and helped shape our understanding of Earth’s history. 21. Who might be a physicist? A. Ada Lovelace. B. Rosalind Franklin. C. Lise Meitner. D. Mary Anning. 22. What made Ada Lovelace famous? A. Her hard work. B. Her great foresight. C. Her competitive spirit. D. Her high intelligence. 23. What do we know about Rosalind Franklin? A. She set up genetics. B. She is underestimated. C. She invented the X-ray crystallography. D. She helped her colleagues to acquire data. B Today rocket launches and space missions are common. But in the early 1900s, space travel seemed like a dream. One of the most influential people in the field of rocket science was American Robert Goddard (1882-1945). The American space agency NASA describes him as “the father of modern rocket propulsion(推进)”. Goddard once said that “the dream of yesterday is the hope of today and the reality of tomorrow”. His scientific work gave hope to many dreams about space travel. He turned some of those dreams into reality. Over one hundred years ago, Goddard carried out studies and tests of rocket engines. He developed and flew many rockets that got their power from solid fuels: chemicals that formed a hard substance. In 1925, he made and tested the first rocket engine using a soft chemical fuel. The next year, he successfully launched the world’s first liquid-fuel rocket. Many historians consider liquid-fuel rocket flight to be as important as the first airplane flight by the American brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright. Goddard’s work proved that machines could travel outside of Earth’s atmosphere and into space. During his early research, he received money and support from the US Smithsonian Institution. The Smithsonian published several reports about his efforts. One publication in 1919, called A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes, wrote about his search for ways to send weather recording instruments higher than balloons could fly. It described how he developed the mathematical theories for rocket flight. In that report, Goddard also suggested the possibility of a rocket someday reaching the moon. At the time, there was a big dispute in the press about this claim. Many people thought he was foolish for suggesting something that seemed so impossible. Many of Goddard’s ideas are still used in rocket development. So, in a way, every rocket that flies today could be considered a Goddard rocket. 24. What makes NASA highly praise Goddard? A. His various dreams and efforts. B. His first airplane experiment. C. His rocket experiments and research. D. His rocket power theory and predictions. 25. What does the underlined word “dispute” in Paragraph 6 mean? A. Challenge. B. Breakthrough. C. Disagreement. D. Inspiration. 26. Which can best describe Robert Goddard? A. Intellectual and creative. B. Adventurous but self-centered. C. Cooperative but inefficient. D. Romantic and humorous. 27. What can we know about Goddard from the text? A. Many of his theories are still useful in developing rockets. B. He made the first rocket engine in 1919. C. His first book about his study was published in 1926. D. He launched the world's first liquid-fuel rocket in 1925. C Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive(互相排斥) career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is reappearing among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth’s workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do a disservice(伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks current science communication initiatives rely too often on public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The gap between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share. 28. What is the purpose of mentioning the famous people in paragraph 1? A. To display they were talented. B. To confirm they were out of favor. C. To encourage different career paths. D. To show poetry and science can be combined. 29. What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed to do? A. Promote a new science-poetry journal. B. Inspire outsiders to pursue their careers in science. C. Encourage science communication through poems. D. Get scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research. 30. What does Illingworth think of the present ways of science communication? A. Complex. B. Creative. C. Effective. D. Traditional 31. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Scientists Take on Poetry B. Scientists and Poets Think Alike C. Poetry: A Great Tool to Question the World D. Science Communication: A Two-way Dialogue D Jane Goodall’s research on chimpanzees(黑猩猩) redefined what it meant to be human. She offers a perfect example of how to change the world for the better without becoming negative, or narrow-minded. Her life journey is truly inspiring. As a little girl in the 1930s England, she was amazed at the animals in her backyard. Later, her pioneering research on chimpanzees in Tanzania challenged the way people defined(下定义) what it meant to be human. Goodall’s observations in the forests of Gombe, Tanzania, showed that the most successful chimp leaders were gentle and caring. She also made a pioneering discovery: chimpanzees use tools. Until then, scientists believed only humans could use tools. This discovery caused anthropologist(人类学家) Louis Leakey to declare, “Now we must redefine tool, redefine Man, or accept chimpanzees as human.” Goodall wasn’t formally trained in science when she began her work, but Leakey chose her for that very reason. He believed an open mind was extremely important and necessary for breakthrough discoveries and held the view that the formal training sometimes limited creativity. He also thought women might be more patient and observant than men — a belief Goodall proved right. She treated animals as individuals with emotions, gave them names rather than numbers, and described their communities as being almost tribal(部落). Goodall was also a storyteller. She believed in the power of stories to help people understand animals and nature. Through the Jane Goodall Institute, she started Roots & Shoots, which teaches children how to help animals and the environment. One of her most powerful lessons is this: “The greatest danger to our future is our apathy. That’s to say, each one of us must take responsibility for our own lives, and above all, show respect and love for living things around us, especially each other.” Goodall’s warmth, and love for animals always made her a role model for the world. 32. What challenged people’s understanding of human? A. Goodall’s story. B. Chimps’ using tools. C. Chimps’ leading ability. D. Goodall’s observations. 33. What mainly caused Leakey to choose Goodall? A. Her open mind. B. Her high degree. C. Her good patience. D. Her rich training. 34. What does the underlined word “apathy” probably mean in paragraph 4? A. A strong desire. B. An absence of concern. C. A failure to make decisions. D. A feeling of self-confidence. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A Proof of Redefining Human B. A Storyteller of Animal Protection C. A Pioneer in Chimpanzee Research D. A Project for Chimpanzee Research 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Characteristics of an excellent scientist The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge of one or more sciences, especially natural sciences. 36 Let’s look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist. Curiosity An excellent scientist must be very curious about things. Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work. 37 Patience Becoming a scientist takes a long time. 38 Even if you think you have received some education in science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you’re an instant-gratification type of person, this may not be the best choice for you. Ethical (道德的) qualities In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people’s life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run. 39 Sticking to an old belief in contradiction to proof is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence. Working habits 40 In addition to this, he/ she can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed, and he/ she also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/ her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/ she may discover something new. A. To make discoveries, you have to think differently. B. There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. C. It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods. D. One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory. E. An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind. F. A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion. G. Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process. 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Michael Faraday was born in the country village of Newington. As a son of a poor and very religious family, he had a childhood full of 41 and received little 42 education. Faraday later recalled being given one loaf of bread that had to 43 him for a week. At an early age he began helping out his family financially by 44 newspapers for a book dealer and bookbinder (装订工人). He took the chance to read some books brought in for rebinding. The article on electricity particularly 45 him and opened a window to 46 for him. Later he educated himself and even did simple experiments with old bottles and other 47 . The turning point came when Faraday was offered a ticket to attend chemical lectures by Sir Humphry Davy. Faraday went, sat 48 in it all, recorded the lectures in his notes, and returned to bookbinding with the seemingly 49 hope of entering the temple of science. He sent a copy of his notes to Davy along with a letter asking for 50 , but there was no opening. However, it remained in Davy’s memory. When one of his laboratory assistants was 51 for mistakes, he welcomed Faraday to fill the 52 . Then Faraday began to learn chemistry at the 53 of one of the greatest scientists of the day, 54 through the door to science ever after. On August 29, 1831, Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction (电磁感应). Honestly it has been said, with some truth, that he was Davy’s greatest 55 . 41. A. adventures B. sufferings C. dissatisfaction D. distrust 42. A. formal B. positive C. passive D. major 43. A. raise B. hunt C. last D. recover 44. A. drawing on B. giving out C. pulling together D. bringing out 45. A. maintained B. stretched C. twisted D. attracted 46. A. books B. binding C. science D. experiments 47. A. stuff B. aid C. source D. tissue 48. A. comfortable B. anxious C. skilled D. lost 49. A. previous B. shallow C. eventual D. unrealizable 50. A. survival B. employment C. promotion D. existence 51. A. fired B. forgiven C. scolded D. approached 52. A. company B. fortune C. gap D. duty 53. A. feet B. face C. control D. entrance 54. A. looking B. stepping C. putting D. laying 55. A. invention B. assistant C. engine D. discovery 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou was born in Zhejiang Province in 1930. She studied medicine in Peking University and after 56 (graduate), she became a member of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. Later, she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half 57 (year), and gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices. In 1969, she was chosen 58 (establish) a team to find a cure for malaria, 59 is a deadly disease that killed millions of people every year With 60 long time of no success, Tu Youyou supposed Chinese herbs might break through the problem. Then she studied ancient Chinese medical literature, and visited experts in 61 (tradition) Chinese medicine. She and her team used modern research methods to study the Chinese herbs. 62 (eventual), they found out a promising chemical-artemisinin. She tested it first on animals and then 63 herself and her teammates. The test was a success. Now the artemisinin is the world’s 64 (effect) drug for fighting malaria. In 2015, Tu Youyou 65 (award) a Nobel Prize for her work. 第三节(共10小题；每小题0.5分, 满分5分) 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。 66. Due to the bad weather, our time for outdoor activities is ________(limit). 67. Reading regularly is ________(benefit) to expanding your vocabulary and knowledge. 68. The little girl picked many leaves, ________(intend) to feed her baby silkworms. 69. The Great Wall represents the ________(wise) of ancient Chinese people. 70. As we all know, protecting the environment is essential for human ________(survive). 71. ________(absorb) in reading the fascinating novel, she didn’t notice the heavy rain. 72. Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force ________(place) on the neck and upper back muscles, which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls. 73. He found himself ________(surround) by a crowd of excited fans. 74. Active in life, she credits her energy ________ her lifelong practice of Tai Chi. 75. The rapid destruction of the rainforest is a direct result of our collective ________(ignore) about the long-term harm of deforestation. 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 当下，科技正以前所未有的速度改变着我们的生活。假设你是李华，有意参加你校将举办的科技交流活动。请以“Technology and Lifestyles”为题，写一篇演讲稿，内容如下： 1. 科技的重要性； 2. 举例说明科技对人类生活的积极影响； 3. 你对科技应用的态度。 注意：词数为80词左右，适当扩充细节。 Ladies and Gentlemen, I’m Li Hua. I am delighted to speak on the topic of “Technology and Lifestyles” at the event. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 They called him “Donnie the Dung Beetle”. Donald didn’t mind the comparison, as he knew that African dung beetles(粪金龟)were known for moving things a thousand times their own body weight. However, his classmates in Mrs. Beecher’s third-grade class probably didn’t know this fact. Nobody knew insects like Donald did, and he figured that being compared to a dung beetle was not a praise. One day, Richie made fun of Donald, pointing towards a container under the window where a small brown ball hung from a branch. Donald tried to explain that it was an egg case of a praying mantis(螳螂), and the exciting part would be when the eggs hatched. But Richie didn’t understand, and neither did most of the other kids. Donald had brought the egg case from his backyard and was excited when Mrs. Beecher agreed to make it their class project. He thought having an insect as a class pet might finally give him something to talk about with the other kids. But after two months of staring at a lifeless brown ball, Donald began to lose hope. During science class one day, Mrs. Beecher announced they would start by writing in their journals. As Donald opened his journal, a left over particle from his lunch rolled across the page. When he went to brush it off, he realized it wasn’t a particle at all —it was a tiny praying mantis, barely the size of a grain of rice! Donald bounced out of his seat, crying out that the eggs were hatching. Suddenly, chaos erupted in the classroom as more baby mantises started appearing everywhere. Kids were jumping out of their seats, screaming and waving their arms. Mrs. Beecher quickly took charge, asking why the lid of the container was off. Richie, who was supposed to check on the container that day, had forgotten to put the lid back on. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Donald took charge of the situation, directing Richie to get paintbrushes and white paper. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the successful rescue, Mrs. Beecher asked the class to write about this special experience. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 10 / 10 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 写作话题---科学家，科学发现和科学精神 (单元测试—基础卷) (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 难度系数：0.65。 4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Give up the trip. B. Travel with Carrie. C. Ask Carrie for help. 【答案】C 【原文】W: I’d love to go to Europe, but it’s just so expensive. M: It doesn’t have to be. Look at Carrie. She managed to tour around Europe for three months on very little money. You may get some tips from her. 2. How does the man sound? A. Confused. B. Hesitant. C. Curious. 【答案】B 【原文】 W: Now that you’re free in the evenings, Daniel, why don’t you join our sports club? M: I’d love to, but I’m afraid I’m not that athletic. W: Don’t worry. We just go there to keep fit and make friends. 3. When will the man go back to work? A. Next Monday. B. Next Tuesday. C. Next Thursday. 【答案】B 【原文】 M: Ms Williams, I am leaving on Thursday to spend a few days in Mexico with my family. W: Sounds exciting. When are you coming back? M: I am coming back from Mexico next monday, so I will be in the office next Tuesday. 4. What is the man going to do first? A. Have a meeting with the woman. B. Pick up his son from school. C. Work on a report. 【答案】C 【原文】 W: Would you please come to my office at five o’clock this afternoon? M: Can I meet you tomorrow instead? My son will be home from school at 5:30 PM. I must finish this report before then. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The school website. B. A roof garden. C. Their favorite food. 【答案】B 【原文】 W: Have you seen the latest update on the school website? The new plan looks great. M: Yes, I like the idea of building a vegetable garden on the roof. It’s a very sustainable project. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What was the speakers' original plan for the evening? A. Eating out. B. Buying some candles. C. Having dinner at home. 7. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Annoyed. B. Worried. C. Pleased. 【答案】6. A 7. A 【原文】 M: Sharon, I have bad news. A waitress from the restaurant called me just now. She said our reservation was cancelled. W: Why? I’m really looking forward to the candlelight dinner tonight. M: She said the restaurant owner unexpectedly canceled all bookings, because its his wife’s birthday today and he closed the restaurant for this evening. W: How could he do that? We made this plan two weeks ago. M: I know, I know, honey. What about we make dinner ourselves? 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What first made the man plant trees? A. A lack of trees in his area. B. A professor’s lecture. C. A video about trees. 9. How does the man describe the rainy weather? A. Unpleasant. B. Beneficial. C. Surprising. 10. What did the man dislike about the last planting? A. The place. B. The soil. C. The length. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 【原文】 M: Lately, I’ve been volunteering for Planet Breathe, a tree-planting charity. W: Cool! What got you interested in that? M: One day, I noticed there were only ten trees in a nearby park, where there should have been hundreds. I immediately checked online for tree-planting charities and found a video about Planet Breathe, in which a professor explained the importance of trees. W: How was your last planting day? M: It was good, actually! Last time, it was raining, which most people would see as negative, but it made the soil softer and planting easier. We planted near some huge, old industrial buildings that I’d never seen before. The planting took forever, which I could have done without, but it was really worth it. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. What problem is the news report discussing? A. A severe water shortage in the region. B. The spread of a tree disease in the city. C. The impact of a prolonged heatwave on trees. 12. What are park officials doing to address the problem? A. Removing all the affected trees. B. Injecting trees with special treatments. C. Watering the trees during restricted hours. 13. What does the arborist suggest residents do to help? A. Report any signs of sick trees immediately. B. Water the young trees in front of their homes. C. Avoid walking on the soil around tree roots. 【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B 【原文】 W: Today’s concern: city trees suffering from heatwaves and low rainfall — leaf scorch, early leaf drop are widespread. M: Dr. Carter, city arborist, what’s the parks department doing? W: We’re watering vulnerable trees early morning and late evening to avoid evaporation. M: Can residents help? W: Absolutely. If there’re young trees by your sidewalk, water them deeply once or twice a week in the evening. M: Just a bucket or two works? W: Yes, it helps them survive the stress. M: Great advice. Thanks, Dr. Carter. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the primary requirement for choosing the place? A. Offer affordable tickets. B. Stay quiet all the time. C. Be suitable for disabled people. 15. How much do the tickets cost in total? A. $200. B. $210. C. $290. 16. How can the woman be described? A. Thoughtful. B. Hesitant. C. Ambitious. 17. Why can the needs of the students with poor eyesight be ignored? A. The school staff can help them. B. No such student would go there. C. The museum is fully equipped for them. 【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A 17. B 【原文】 W: I need your advice about planning the school trip for our students. It’s important to make it enjoyable for everyone. M: What are the key things you’re considering? W: Well, some students use wheelchairs, so the place must be completely accessible. We also need quiet areas for anyone who struggles with loud environments. M: That makes sense. Have you chosen a location yet? W: I think so. There’s a local science museum which is quite suitable. It provides entry and a guided tour for just $10 per child. M: That sounds reasonable. How many students are going? W: 20 students, and we also need 2 staff members for support. Staff tickets cost half the price of the children’s tickets. M: And transport? W: A bus costs $90 for the day, and that isn’t cheap. I need to double-check the budget, but I think it’ll work. M: It sounds like you’ve got things covered. The kids will love it. Have you considered the needs of the students with eyesight problems? W: Yes, but there aren’t any children who can’t see well going on this trip. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Offering a suggestion. B. Giving an answer. C. Making an announcement. 19. What does the speaker say about the Agriculture students? A. They will stay where they are. B. They will have their labs painted. C. They need more classroom space. 20. Who are in the downtown buildings? A. The History students. B. The Law students. C. The Engineering students. 【答案】18. C 19. A 20. B 【原文】 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I’ve called this meeting to tell you about moving our students to the new place in groups, so please listen carefully. The Agriculture students won’t move at all. Their new place was opened last year, and they are well placed for both labs and classroom space. The History students, however, are a different case. They will move to the new place next week, but unfortunately, their teachers will be left in the old buildings, as their new offices are still being painted. Better news for the Engineering students. You are already moving to the new place, and the move should be completed next week. The department of law has been moved downtown. They are now in their new buildings. We’re accepting suggestions for the ways school buildings could be used. So, if you have further questions, please let us know. Thank you. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Throughout history, women have made significant contributions to the field of science. It is essential to shed light on the women of science, as their struggles and breakthroughs continue to inspire generations of scientists. Ada Lovelace Ada Lovelace, the daughter of the poet Lord Byron, is often regarded as the world’s first computer programmer. Her ground-breaking insights and analytical skills led her to write the first algorithm, imagining the potential of the machine to do more than just calculations. Lovelace’s vision made her well-known as a pioneer in the field. Rosalind Franklin Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray crystallography images played a vital role in understanding the structure of DNA. Her data, acquired through research, was used by James Watson and Francis Crick without her permission or acknowledgment. Franklin’s invaluable contributions to genetics and biology deserve recognition as they provided the key insights into the building blocks of life, yet her name is often overshadowed by her male colleagues. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner made ground-breaking discoveries in nuclear science. Meitner’s contributions to this field are celebrated today, as she paved the way for significant advancements in energy production and scientific understanding. Lise Meitner certainly deserves the place she has earned in the history of science. Mary Anning Mary Anning made remarkable discoveries during the early 19th century and won the respect of the scientists of her time. Anning unearthed the first complete bones of an ichthyosaur(鱼龙). Her pioneering work laid the foundation for the study of prehistoric life and helped shape our understanding of Earth’s history. 21. Who might be a physicist? A. Ada Lovelace. B. Rosalind Franklin. C. Lise Meitner. D. Mary Anning. 22. What made Ada Lovelace famous? A. Her hard work. B. Her great foresight. C. Her competitive spirit. D. Her high intelligence. 23. What do we know about Rosalind Franklin? A. She set up genetics. B. She is underestimated. C. She invented the X-ray crystallography. D. She helped her colleagues to acquire data. 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几位对科学领域做出了重大贡献的女性。 21. 细节理解题。根据Lise Meitner段落中“Lise Meitner made ground-breaking discoveries in nuclear science.(Lise Meitner在核科学方面有了突破性的发现。)”可知，Lise Meitner应该是核物理学家。故选C项。 22. 细节理解题。根据Ada Lovelace段落中“Her ground-breaking insights and analytical skills led her to write the first algorithm, imagining the potential of the machine to do more than just calculations. Lovelace’s vision made her well-known as a pioneer in the field.(她开创性的洞察力和分析能力使她写出了第一个算法，想象了机器的潜力，不仅仅是计算。Lovelace的远见使她成为该领域的知名先驱。)”可知，是Ada Lovelace的远见使她出名的。故选B项。 23. 推理判断题。根据Rosalind Franklin段落中“Franklin’s invaluable contributions to genetics and bi ology deserve recognition as they provided the key insights into the building blocks of life, yet her name is often overshadowed by her male colleagues.(Franklin对遗传学和生物学的宝贵贡献值得肯定，因为他们为生命的构成提供了关键的见解，但她的名字往往被她的男性同事所掩盖。)”可知，Rosalind Franklin被低估了。故选B项。 B Today rocket launches and space missions are common. But in the early 1900s, space travel seemed like a dream. One of the most influential people in the field of rocket science was American Robert Goddard (1882-1945). The American space agency NASA describes him as “the father of modern rocket propulsion(推进)”. Goddard once said that “the dream of yesterday is the hope of today and the reality of tomorrow”. His scientific work gave hope to many dreams about space travel. He turned some of those dreams into reality. Over one hundred years ago, Goddard carried out studies and tests of rocket engines. He developed and flew many rockets that got their power from solid fuels: chemicals that formed a hard substance. In 1925, he made and tested the first rocket engine using a soft chemical fuel. The next year, he successfully launched the world’s first liquid-fuel rocket. Many historians consider liquid-fuel rocket flight to be as important as the first airplane flight by the American brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright. Goddard’s work proved that machines could travel outside of Earth’s atmosphere and into space. During his early research, he received money and support from the US Smithsonian Institution. The Smithsonian published several reports about his efforts. One publication in 1919, called A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes, wrote about his search for ways to send weather recording instruments higher than balloons could fly. It described how he developed the mathematical theories for rocket flight. In that report, Goddard also suggested the possibility of a rocket someday reaching the moon. At the time, there was a big dispute in the press about this claim. Many people thought he was foolish for suggesting something that seemed so impossible. Many of Goddard’s ideas are still used in rocket development. So, in a way, every rocket that flies today could be considered a Goddard rocket. 24. What makes NASA highly praise Goddard? A. His various dreams and efforts. B. His first airplane experiment. C. His rocket experiments and research. D. His rocket power theory and predictions. 25. What does the underlined word “dispute” in Paragraph 6 mean? A. Challenge. B. Breakthrough. C. Disagreement. D. Inspiration. 26. Which can best describe Robert Goddard? A. Intellectual and creative. B. Adventurous but self-centered. C. Cooperative but inefficient. D. Romantic and humorous. 27. What can we know about Goddard from the text? A. Many of his theories are still useful in developing rockets. B. He made the first rocket engine in 1919. C. His first book about his study was published in 1926. D. He launched the world's first liquid-fuel rocket in 1925. 【答案】24. C 25. C 26. A 27. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Robert Goddard在火箭科学领域的贡献与影响。 24. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The American space agency NASA describes him as “the father of modern rocket propulsion(推进)”.(美国国家航空航天局称他为“现代火箭推进之父”)”以及第三段和第四段中关于Goddard的火箭实验和研究的描述可知，NASA高度赞扬Goddard是因为他的火箭实验和研究。故选C。 25. 词句猜测题。根据第六段中“At the time, there was a big dispute in the press about this claim. Many people thought he was foolish for suggesting something that seemed so impossible.(当时，媒体对这一说法存在很大的dispute。许多人认为他提出这样一件看似不可能的事情是愚蠢的)”可知，许多人认为Goddard提出的理论是不可能实现的，所以应该存在很多的争议，由此可推测，dispute意为“争议，分歧”，与Disagreement意思相近。故选C。 26. 推理判断题。根据文章中对Goddard的描述，他进行了多项火箭实验和研究，提出了许多关于火箭飞行的数学理论，并成功发射了世界上第一枚液体燃料火箭，他的许多想法至今仍在火箭开发中使用。由此可推断，Goddard是一个聪明且有创造力的人。故选A。 27. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Many of Goddard’s ideas are still used in rocket development.(Goddard的许多想法至今仍被应用于火箭研发中)”可知，Goddard的许多理论在开发火箭中仍然有用。故选A。 C Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive(互相排斥) career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is reappearing among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth’s workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do a disservice(伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks current science communication initiatives rely too often on public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The gap between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share. 28. What is the purpose of mentioning the famous people in paragraph 1? A. To display they were talented. B. To confirm they were out of favor. C. To encourage different career paths. D. To show poetry and science can be combined. 29. What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed to do? A. Promote a new science-poetry journal. B. Inspire outsiders to pursue their careers in science. C. Encourage science communication through poems. D. Get scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research. 30. What does Illingworth think of the present ways of science communication? A. Complex. B. Creative. C. Effective. D. Traditional 31. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Scientists Take on Poetry B. Scientists and Poets Think Alike C. Poetry: A Great Tool to Question the World D. Science Communication: A Two-way Dialogue 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. D 31. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今科学家们正尝试将科学研究转化为诗歌等诗意形式，以寻求用研究成果启发他人的新途径，同时阐述了诗歌在科学传播中的作用和意义。 28. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. (数学家Ada Lovelace和物理学家James Clerk Maxwell都是颇有造诣的诗人。诗人John Keats是一名有执照的外科医生。在19世纪，将这两种实践结合起来就不再受欢迎了。)”可推知，如今人们常认为诗歌与科学互不相容，但历史上多位名人同时精通二者，提及他们是为了证明诗歌与科学是可以结合的。故选D项。 29. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. (通过研讨会和一本名为《Consilience》的新科学诗歌杂志，Illingworth正在帮助科学家们将他们的最新成果转化为诗歌，以吸引科学领域以外的人的欣赏。)”可知，Illingworth的研讨会旨在鼓励通过诗歌进行科学传播。故选C项。 30. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks current science communication initiatives rely too often on public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. (Illingworth也认同这一观点，他认为目前的科学传播活动往往过于依赖公开讲座和缺乏互动的PPT幻灯片。)”可推知，Illingworth认为现在的科学传播方式过于传统。故选D项。 31. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is reappearing among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. (但是，当科学家们寻找用他们的发现来启发他人的替代方法时，将研究转化为歌词、俳句和其他诗歌形式的现象再次出现在科学家之中。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了如今科学家们正尝试将科学研究转化为诗歌等诗意形式，以寻求用研究成果启发他人的新途径，同时阐述了诗歌在科学传播中的作用和意义，A项“Scientists Take on Poetry (科学家开始写诗)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 D Jane Goodall’s research on chimpanzees(黑猩猩) redefined what it meant to be human. She offers a perfect example of how to change the world for the better without becoming negative, or narrow-minded. Her life journey is truly inspiring. As a little girl in the 1930s England, she was amazed at the animals in her backyard. Later, her pioneering research on chimpanzees in Tanzania challenged the way people defined(下定义) what it meant to be human. Goodall’s observations in the forests of Gombe, Tanzania, showed that the most successful chimp leaders were gentle and caring. She also made a pioneering discovery: chimpanzees use tools. Until then, scientists believed only humans could use tools. This discovery caused anthropologist(人类学家) Louis Leakey to declare, “Now we must redefine tool, redefine Man, or accept chimpanzees as human.” Goodall wasn’t formally trained in science when she began her work, but Leakey chose her for that very reason. He believed an open mind was extremely important and necessary for breakthrough discoveries and held the view that the formal training sometimes limited creativity. He also thought women might be more patient and observant than men — a belief Goodall proved right. She treated animals as individuals with emotions, gave them names rather than numbers, and described their communities as being almost tribal(部落). Goodall was also a storyteller. She believed in the power of stories to help people understand animals and nature. Through the Jane Goodall Institute, she started Roots & Shoots, which teaches children how to help animals and the environment. One of her most powerful lessons is this: “The greatest danger to our future is our apathy. That’s to say, each one of us must take responsibility for our own lives, and above all, show respect and love for living things around us, especially each other.” Goodall’s warmth, and love for animals always made her a role model for the world. 32. What challenged people’s understanding of human? A. Goodall’s story. B. Chimps’ using tools. C. Chimps’ leading ability. D. Goodall’s observations. 33. What mainly caused Leakey to choose Goodall? A. Her open mind. B. Her high degree. C. Her good patience. D. Her rich training. 34. What does the underlined word “apathy” probably mean in paragraph 4? A. A strong desire. B. An absence of concern. C. A failure to make decisions. D. A feeling of self-confidence. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A Proof of Redefining Human B. A Storyteller of Animal Protection C. A Pioneer in Chimpanzee Research D. A Project for Chimpanzee Research 【答案】32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍珍·古道尔在黑猩猩研究方面的开创性贡献、研究特点，以及她为动物保护和环境所做的努力，展现其榜样力量。 32. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She also made a pioneering discovery: chimpanzees use tools. Until then, scientists believed only humans could use tools. This discovery caused anthropologist Louis Leakey to declare, “Now we must redefine tool, redefine Man, or accept chimpanzees as human.” (她还做出了一项开创性的发现：黑猩猩会使用工具。在此之前，科学家们认为只有人类会使用工具。这一发现让人类学家路易斯·利基宣称：“现在我们必须重新定义工具，重新定义人类，或者接受黑猩猩也是人类。”)”可知，黑猩猩会使用工具这一发现，挑战了人们对人类的理解。故选B项。 33. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Goodall wasn’t formally trained in science when she began her work, but Leakey chose her for that very reason. He believed an open mind was extremely important and necessary for breakthrough discoveries and held the view that the formal training sometimes limited creativity. (古道尔开始工作时并没有接受过正规的科学训练，但利基正是因为这个原因选择了她。他认为，开放的心态对于突破性发现至关重要且必不可少，并认为正规训练有时会限制创造力。)”可知，利基选择古道尔的主要原因是她拥有开放的心态。故选A项。 34. 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“That’s to say, each one of us must take responsibility for our own lives, and above all, show respect and love for living things around us, especially each other. (也就是说，我们每个人都必须对自己的生活负责，最重要的是，要尊重和热爱我们周围的生物，尤其是彼此。)”可知，古道尔认为我们需要有责任感、懂得尊重和热爱，由此可推断，前文提到的“对未来最大的危险”应是与“负责、关爱”相反的态度，即“冷漠、不关心”。因此猜测apathy意为“冷漠、缺乏关心”。故选B项。 35. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第二段中的“She also made a pioneering discovery: chimpanzees use tools. Until then, scientists believed only humans could use tools. This discovery caused anthropologist Louis Leakey to declare, “Now we must redefine tool, redefine Man, or accept chimpanzees as human.” (她还做出了一项开创性的发现：黑猩猩会使用工具。在此之前，科学家们认为只有人类会使用工具。这一发现让人类学家路易斯·利基宣称：“现在我们必须重新定义工具，重新定义人类，或者接受黑猩猩也是人类。”)”可知，文章主要围绕珍·古道尔展开，重点介绍了她在坦桑尼亚贡贝森林对黑猩猩进行的开创性研究——发现黑猩猩会使用工具、研究黑猩猩的领导特质，以及她未接受正规训练却凭借开放心态取得突破性成果，展现了她在黑猩猩研究领域的先驱地位。因此C项“大猩猩研究领域的先驱”可作为本文的最佳标题。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Characteristics of an excellent scientist The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge of one or more sciences, especially natural sciences. 36 Let’s look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist. Curiosity An excellent scientist must be very curious about things. Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work. 37 Patience Becoming a scientist takes a long time. 38 Even if you think you have received some education in science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you’re an instant-gratification type of person, this may not be the best choice for you. Ethical (道德的) qualities In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people’s life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run. 39 Sticking to an old belief in contradiction to proof is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence. Working habits 40 In addition to this, he/ she can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed, and he/ she also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/ her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/ she may discover something new. A. To make discoveries, you have to think differently. B. There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. C. It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods. D. One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory. E. An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind. F. A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion. G. Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process. 【答案】36. C 37. G 38. B 39. F 40. E 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。成功绝非偶然，文章主要说明了成功的科学家都有一些特别的品质。 36. 根据上文“The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge of one or more sciences, especially natural sciences.(字典将科学家定义为具有一门或多门科学专业知识的人，尤其是自然科学)”可知，上文提到了字典对科学家这一名词的解释和理解。C项“它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人”接着解释这一名词，与上句构成并列关系，符合逻辑，其中“also”是关键信息。故选C。 37. 根据本段小标题“Curiosity(好奇心)”以及上文“An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.(一个优秀的科学家必须对事物充满好奇心)”可知，该段说明科学家要具备的一个品质就是有好奇心。空格处应该与“好奇心”有关，所以G项“如果一个科学家没有发问甚至好奇的动力，他/她就永远无法进入科学过程的第一阶段”符合语境。故选G。 38. 根据本段小标题“Patience(耐心)”以及上文“Becoming a scientist takes a long time.(成为一名科学家需要很长时间)”可知，成为科学家需要很长的时间并且需要一定的耐心。由此推知空格处应该介绍与“耐心”有关的内容。故B项“很少有工作比这个工作需要更长的时间”符合语境。故选B。 39. 根据本段小标题“Ethical qualities(道德品质)”以及下文“Sticking to an old belief in contradiction to proof is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence.(坚持用矛盾来证明的旧信念是不诚实的。然而，在没有有力证据的情况下，这种信念不应该改变)”可知，科学家要诚实、坚持真理，这是科学家特征的体现。由此推知，空格处应该介绍与科学家的“道德品质”有关的内容。F项“科学家必须诚实地报告研究结果，而不考虑个人利益或舆论”符合语境。故选F。 40. 根据本段小标题“Working habits(工作习惯)”以及后文“In addition to this, he/ she can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed, and he/ she also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/ her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/ she may discover something new.(除此之外，根据需要，他/她可以很好地单独或小组工作，他/她还需要在纸上和口头上交流想法。网络将他/她与从事类似项目的同事联系起来，在那里他/她可能会发现一些新的东西)”可知，本段主要讲工作习惯，且下句介绍了科学家良好的工作习惯和工作能力。故E项“一个优秀的科学家甚至会记下最微小的观察结果并牢记在心”也是工作习惯。故选 E。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Michael Faraday was born in the country village of Newington. As a son of a poor and very religious family, he had a childhood full of 41 and received little 42 education. Faraday later recalled being given one loaf of bread that had to 43 him for a week. At an early age he began helping out his family financially by 44 newspapers for a book dealer and bookbinder (装订工人). He took the chance to read some books brought in for rebinding. The article on electricity particularly 45 him and opened a window to 46 for him. Later he educated himself and even did simple experiments with old bottles and other 47 . The turning point came when Faraday was offered a ticket to attend chemical lectures by Sir Humphry Davy. Faraday went, sat 48 in it all, recorded the lectures in his notes, and returned to bookbinding with the seemingly 49 hope of entering the temple of science. He sent a copy of his notes to Davy along with a letter asking for 50 , but there was no opening. However, it remained in Davy’s memory. When one of his laboratory assistants was 51 for mistakes, he welcomed Faraday to fill the 52 . Then Faraday began to learn chemistry at the 53 of one of the greatest scientists of the day, 54 through the door to science ever after. On August 29, 1831, Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction (电磁感应). Honestly it has been said, with some truth, that he was Davy’s greatest 55 . 41. A. adventures B. sufferings C. dissatisfaction D. distrust 42. A. formal B. positive C. passive D. major 43. A. raise B. hunt C. last D. recover 44. A. drawing on B. giving out C. pulling together D. bringing out 45. A. maintained B. stretched C. twisted D. attracted 46. A. books B. binding C. science D. experiments 47. A. stuff B. aid C. source D. tissue 48. A. comfortable B. anxious C. skilled D. lost 49. A. previous B. shallow C. eventual D. unrealizable 50. A. survival B. employment C. promotion D. existence 51. A. fired B. forgiven C. scolded D. approached 52. A. company B. fortune C. gap D. duty 53. A. feet B. face C. control D. entrance 54. A. looking B. stepping C. putting D. laying 55. A. invention B. assistant C. engine D. discovery 【答案】 41. B 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Michael Faraday第出身贫寒，通过自身努力最终取得科学成就。 41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个贫穷且非常虔诚的家庭的儿子，他的童年充满了苦难，几乎没有接受过正规教育。A. adventures冒险；B. sufferings苦难；C. dissatisfaction不满；D. distrust不信任。根据上文“As a son of a poor and very religious family”可知，他出身贫穷，童年应是充满苦难。故选B。 42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个贫穷且非常虔诚的家庭的儿子，他的童年充满了苦难，几乎没有接受过正规教育。A. formal正式的，正规的；B. positive积极的；C. passive被动的；D. major主要的。根据上文“As a son of a poor and very religious family”以及“and received little”可知，他出身贫穷，几乎没有接受过正规教育。故选A。 43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Faraday后来回忆说，他得到的一块面包要维持他一个星期。A. raise提高；B. hunt打猎；C. last维持；D. recover恢复。根据下文“him for a week”可知，此处指一块面包要维持他一个星期。故选C。 44. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：很小的时候，他就开始通过为书商和装订工送报纸来帮助家里赚钱。A. drawing on利用；B. giving out分发；C. pulling together齐心协力；D. bringing out出版。根据上文“he began helping out his family financially by”和下文“newspapers for a book dealer and bookbinder (装订工人)”可知，他通过送报纸来帮助家里赚钱。故选B。 45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于电的文章特别吸引了他，为他打开了一扇通往科学的大门。A. maintained维持；B. stretched伸展；C. twisted扭曲；D. attracted吸引。根据上文“The article on electricity particularly”和下文“opened a window to ______ for him. Later he educated himself and even did simple experiments with old bottles”可知，关于电的文章为他打开了一扇通往科学的大门，说明文章吸引了他。故选D。 46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于电的文章特别吸引了他，为他打开了一扇通往科学的大门。A. books书；B. binding装订；C. science科学；D. experiments实验。根据上文“The article on electricity”可知，关于电的文章是关于科学的，此处指为他打开了一扇通往科学的大门。故选C。 47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来他自学，甚至用旧瓶子和其他东西做简单的实验。A. stuff东西；B. aid帮助；C. source来源；D. tissue组织。根据上文“Later he educated himself and even did simple experiments with old bottles and other”可知，此处指用旧瓶子和其他东西做实验。故选A。 48. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Faraday去了，全神贯注地听，在笔记中记录了讲座内容，然后带着似乎无法实现的进入科学殿堂的希望回到装订工作。A. comfortable舒适的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. skilled熟练的；D. lost全神贯注的，迷失的。根据下文“in it all, recorded the lectures in his notes”可知，他全神贯注地听讲座。故选D。 49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Faraday去了，全神贯注地听，在笔记中记录了讲座内容，然后带着似乎无法实现的进入科学殿堂的希望回到装订工作。A. previous先前的；B. shallow浅的；C. eventual最后的；D. unrealizable无法实现的。根据上文“returned to bookbinding with the seemingly”和下文“hope of entering the temple of science. He sent a copy of his notes to Davy along with a letter asking for ______, but there was no opening.”可知，他把笔记副本连同一封求职信一起寄给了戴维，但没有得到任何机会，进入科学殿堂的希望似乎无法实现。故选D。 50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把笔记副本连同一封求职信一起寄给了戴维，但没有得到任何机会。A. survival生存；B. employment就业，工作；C. promotion提升；D. existence存在。根据上文“He sent a copy of his notes to Davy along with a letter”以及下文“When one of his laboratory assistants was ______ for mistakes, he welcomed Faraday to fill the”可知，后文描述当Davy的一个实验室助手因犯错而被解雇时，Davy欢迎Faraday来填补这个空缺。所以他寄笔记副本和求职信是为了找工作。故选B。 51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他的一个实验室助手因犯错而被解雇时，他欢迎法拉第来填补这个空缺。A. fired解雇；B. forgiven原谅；C. scolded责骂；D. approached接近。根据下文“for mistakes, he welcomed Faraday to fill the”可知，此处指实验室助手因犯错而被解雇。故选A。 52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他的一个实验室助手因犯错而被解雇时，他欢迎Faraday来填补这个空缺。A. company公司；B. fortune运气；C. gap空缺；D. duty职责。根据下文“When one of his laboratory assistants was ______ for mistakes, he welcomed Faraday to fill the”可知，实验室助手因犯错而被解雇，此处指Faraday填补实验室助手的空缺。故选C。 53. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后Faraday开始在当时最伟大的科学家身边学习化学，从此踏上了科学之门。A. feet脚；B. face脸；C. control控制；D. entrance入口。根据上文“Then Faraday began to learn chemistry”可知，此处指在科学家面前学习化学，at the feet of 意为“在……身边，师从……”。故选A。 54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后Faraday开始在当时最伟大的科学家身边学习化学，从此踏上了科学之门。A. looking看；B. stepping迈步；C. putting放；D. laying放置。根据下文“through the door to science ever after.”可知，此处指Faraday踏上了科学之门。step through穿过，踏入。故选B。 55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：说实话，不无道理地说，他是Davy最伟大的发现。A. invention发明；B. assistant助手；C. engine发动机；D. discovery发现。根据“When one of his laboratory assistants was ______ for mistakes, he welcomed Faraday to fill the”可知，戴维发现并培养了Faraday，他是Davy最伟大的发现。故选D。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou was born in Zhejiang Province in 1930. She studied medicine in Peking University and after 56 (graduate), she became a member of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. Later, she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half 57 (year), and gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices. In 1969, she was chosen 58 (establish) a team to find a cure for malaria, 59 is a deadly disease that killed millions of people every year With 60 long time of no success, Tu Youyou supposed Chinese herbs might break through the problem. Then she studied ancient Chinese medical literature, and visited experts in 61 (tradition) Chinese medicine. She and her team used modern research methods to study the Chinese herbs. 62 (eventual), they found out a promising chemical-artemisinin. She tested it first on animals and then 63 herself and her teammates. The test was a success. Now the artemisinin is the world’s 64 (effect) drug for fighting malaria. In 2015, Tu Youyou 65 (award) a Nobel Prize for her work. 【答案】 56. graduation 57. years 58. to establish 59. which 60. a 61. traditional 62. Eventually 63. on 64. most effective 65. was awarded 【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了诺贝尔医学奖得主屠呦呦的生平与成就。 56. 考查名词。句意：她在北京大学学医，毕业后成为中国中医科学院的一员。After是介词，空格处用名词作宾语，graduate的名词是graduation，是不可数名词。故填graduation。 57. 考查名词复数。句意：之后，她系统学习中医两年半，掌握了深厚的传统医学知识。two and a half后跟名词复数。故填years。 58. 考查非谓语动词。句意：1969年，她被选中组建一支团队，寻找治疗疟疾的方法，疟疾是一种致命疾病，每年夺去数百万人的生命。固定搭配be chosen to do sth.表示“被选中做某事”，因此空格处是动词不定式to establish，故填to establish。 59. 考查定语从句。句意：1969年，她被选中组建一支团队，寻找治疗疟疾的方法，疟疾是一种致命疾病，每年夺去数百万人的生命。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词malaria是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。 60. 考查冠词。句意：在长期没有取得成果的情况下，屠呦呦认为中草药或许能攻克这一难题。固定短语 a long time表示“很长一段时间”，因此空格处是a。故填a。 61. 考查形容词。句意：随后，她研读中国古代医学典籍，并拜访传统中医领域的专家。修饰名词短语Chinese medicine需用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。 62. 考查副词。句意：最终，他们发现了一种前景广阔的化学物质——青蒿素。空处修饰整个句子，需用副词eventually，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Eventually。 63. 考查介词。句意：她先在动物身上进行试验，随后在自己和队友身上测试。固定搭配test on sb./sth.表示“在……身上做试验”，与前面 on animals 并列。故填on。 64. 考查形容词最高级。句意：如今，青蒿素是全球最有效的抗疟疾药物。the world’s 后接最高级，表示“世界上最有效的”。故填most effective。 65. 考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：2015年，屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔奖，以表彰她的贡献。屠呦呦是被授予诺贝尔奖，由In 2015可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，主语Tu Youyou是单数，因此空格处是was awarded，故填was awarded。 第三节(共10小题；每小题0.5分, 满分5分) 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。 66. Due to the bad weather, our time for outdoor activities is ________(limit). 【答案】limited 【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于天气不好，我们户外活动的时间是有限的。“is”为系动词，后需接形容词作表语，此处应填limit的形容词形式limited，表示“有限的”。故填limited。 67. Reading regularly is ________(benefit) to expanding your vocabulary and knowledge. 【答案】beneficial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：经常阅读有助于扩大你的词汇量和知识面。形容词beneficial作表语，be beneficial to“对……有益处”为固定短语。故填beneficial。 68. The little girl picked many leaves, ________(intend) to feed her baby silkworms. 【答案】intending 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：小女孩摘了许多叶子，打算喂她的蚕宝宝。该句中已有谓语动词picked，但无连词，所以此处使用非谓语动词形式，主语the little girl与intend为主动关系，用现在分词作状语，intend的现在分词为intending。故填intending。 69. The Great Wall represents the ________(wise) of ancient Chinese people. 【答案】wisdom 【详解】考查名词。句意：长城代表了中国古代人民的智慧。分析句子结构可知，定冠词the后接名词，wise的名词形式为wisdom，表“智慧”，为不可数名词，在句中作宾语，符合语境。故填wisdom。 70. As we all know, protecting the environment is essential for human ________(survive). 【答案】survival 【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，保护环境对于人类的生存至关重要。空处作for的宾语，被human修饰，survive的名词形式survival符合题意，意为“生存”，是不可数名词。故填survival。 71. ________(absorb) in reading the fascinating novel, she didn’t notice the heavy rain. 【答案】Absorbed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：全神贯注地读着这本引人入胜的小说，她没有注意到下起了大雨。句中已有谓语动词didn’t notice，故空处需填非谓语动词，be absorbed in为固定搭配，表示“全神贯注于”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语，表示她的状态。句首单词首字母大写。故填Absorbed。 72. Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force ________(place) on the neck and upper back muscles, which could reduce balance and increase the risk of falls. 【答案】placed 【详解】考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：走路时低头看智能手机也会增加施加在颈部和上背部肌肉上的力量，这可能会降低平衡能力，增加摔倒的风险。force与place之间是被动关系，即“力量被施加”，所以用过去分词placed作后置定语修饰the amount of force。故填placed。 73. He found himself ________(surround) by a crowd of excited fans. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他发现自己被一群兴奋的粉丝围着。空处应用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，surround和himself为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 74. Active in life, she credits her energy ________ her lifelong practice of Tai Chi. 【答案】to 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她生活积极，把自己的精力归功于终身练习太极。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语credit sth. to sth. 表示“把……归功于……”，满足句意要求。故填to。 75. The rapid destruction of the rainforest is a direct result of our collective ________(ignore) about the long-term harm of deforestation. 【答案】ignorance 【详解】考查名词。句意：雨林的迅速破坏是我们对森林砍伐的长期危害的集体无知的直接结果。空格前有形容词性物主代词our修饰，且位于介词of之后，需要名词形式ignorance“无知”，不可数名词。故填ignorance。 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 当下，科技正以前所未有的速度改变着我们的生活。假设你是李华，有意参加你校将举办的科技交流活动。请以“Technology and Lifestyles”为题，写一篇演讲稿，内容如下： 1. 科技的重要性； 2. 举例说明科技对人类生活的积极影响； 3. 你对科技应用的态度。 注意：词数为80词左右，适当扩充细节。 Ladies and Gentlemen, I’m Li Hua. I am delighted to speak on the topic of “Technology and Lifestyles” at the event. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Ladies and Gentlemen, I’m Li Hua. I am delighted to speak on the topic of “Technology and Lifestyles” at the event. Technology is the core driving force of modern life, playing an irreplaceable role in improving our quality of life and promoting social progress. It brings great convenience to our daily lives. We can communicate with relatives far away through video calls anytime, finish work efficiently via online office tools, and even shop, study and entertain without leaving home. These changes make our life more efficient and colorful. In my opinion, we should use technology rationally. We should make full use of its advantages to help us study and work better, while avoiding over-reliance on it. 【语篇导读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，在学校科技交流活动中，围绕“Technology and Lifestyles”主题发言，内容包含科技的重要性、科技对生活的积极影响及对科技应用的态度。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 力量：force → power 不可替代的：irreplaceable → indispensable 合理地：rationally → properly 过度依赖：over-reliance → excessive dependence 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Technology is the core driving force of modern life, playing an irreplaceable role in improving our quality of life and promoting social progress. 替换句：Technology is the key driving power of modern life, which plays an indispensable role in bettering our life quality and advancing social development. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】Technology is the core driving force of modern life, playing an irreplaceable role in improving our quality of life and promoting social progress. (运用现在分词短语作状语) 【高分句型2】In my opinion, we should make full use of its advantages to help us study and work better, while avoiding over-reliance on it. (运用while引导状语从句的省略) 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 They called him “Donnie the Dung Beetle”. Donald didn’t mind the comparison, as he knew that African dung beetles(粪金龟)were known for moving things a thousand times their own body weight. However, his classmates in Mrs. Beecher’s third-grade class probably didn’t know this fact. Nobody knew insects like Donald did, and he figured that being compared to a dung beetle was not a praise. One day, Richie made fun of Donald, pointing towards a container under the window where a small brown ball hung from a branch. Donald tried to explain that it was an egg case of a praying mantis(螳螂), and the exciting part would be when the eggs hatched. But Richie didn’t understand, and neither did most of the other kids. Donald had brought the egg case from his backyard and was excited when Mrs. Beecher agreed to make it their class project. He thought having an insect as a class pet might finally give him something to talk about with the other kids. But after two months of staring at a lifeless brown ball, Donald began to lose hope. During science class one day, Mrs. Beecher announced they would start by writing in their journals. As Donald opened his journal, a left over particle from his lunch rolled across the page. When he went to brush it off, he realized it wasn’t a particle at all —it was a tiny praying mantis, barely the size of a grain of rice! Donald bounced out of his seat, crying out that the eggs were hatching. Suddenly, chaos erupted in the classroom as more baby mantises started appearing everywhere. Kids were jumping out of their seats, screaming and waving their arms. Mrs. Beecher quickly took charge, asking why the lid of the container was off. Richie, who was supposed to check on the container that day, had forgotten to put the lid back on. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Donald took charge of the situation, directing Richie to get paintbrushes and white paper. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the successful rescue, Mrs. Beecher asked the class to write about this special experience. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Donald took charge of the situation, directing Richie to get paintbrushes and white paper. Donald took the brush and carefully drove the baby mantises onto the white paper. They were so small that he could injure their legs or body parts. The baby mantises were so small that some of the students brought a magnifying glass to help. With the concerted efforts of everyone, the baby mantises finally returned safely to the box. After the successful rescue, Mrs. Beecher asked the class to write about this special experience. Richie no longer laughed at Donald, and no longer called him “Donnie the Dung Beetle”, and deeply admired Donald’s calmly handling the unexpected things. Donald’s profound knowledge left a deep impression on everyone. From this incident, everyone realized the importance of patience, calmness, carefulness and being knowledgeable. 【语篇导读】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了唐纳德在班级里养了螳螂卵作为班级宠物，但是几个月过去了，小螳螂还是没有孵化出来。里奇查看螳螂卵后没有盖好盒子的盖子导致孵出的小螳螂到处都是。在唐纳德的处理下，小螳螂安全回到孵化盒子，比彻老师让大家把这个事件记录下来，同时，同学们也改变了对唐纳德的称谓和看法。 【详解】 1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“唐纳德掌控了局势，指挥里奇去拿画笔和白纸。”可知，第一段可描写唐纳德如何营救螳螂宝宝。 ②由第二段首句内容“救援成功后，比彻老师请全班同学写下这段特殊的经历。”可知，第二段可描写营救成功后全班同学对唐纳德看法的改变以及感悟。 2.续写线索：养螳螂卵当作班级宠物——长时间没有孵化——突然孵化，震惊全班——唐纳德冷静处理——小螳螂安全得救——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①一起走路：injure /harm ②返回：return /go back ③处理：handling /dealing with 情绪类 ①深为钦佩：deeply admired / looked highly up to ②镇静地：calmly / with calmness 【点睛】 【高分句型1】The baby mantises were so small that some of the students brought a magnifying glass to help. (使用了so…that…“如此……以至于”固定句型) 【高分句型2】Donald’s profound knowledge left a deep impression on everyone. (使用了leave a deep impression on固定短语) ( 6 / 21 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $