专题16 知识点结构化复习与题型强化（定语从句）-2026年中考英语系统化复习讲练（浙江专用）

该初中英语中考复习知识清单系统梳理了定语从句的核心内容，涵盖关系代词用法（that、which、who等）及特殊注意事项（如只能用that的五种情况）两大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从基础用法到特殊规则的递进式学习架构。 清单采用“表格化对比”和“规则分类归纳”的方式构建知识体系，如关系代词用法表从“从句成分”“先行词类型”“是否省略”三维度对比，培养学生的语言能力。特别设计“特殊用法清单”（如先行词为不定代词时用that）和“题型分层训练”（单选26题、短文填空4篇、完成句子15题），助力学生精准突破难点，提升思维品质，既方便学生自主复习，也为教师教学提供系统资源支持。

2026年中考英语系统化复习讲练（浙江专用） 专题16 知识点结构化复习与题型强化（定语从句） 目录清单 第一部分 核心知识清单知识结构化 高效复习 第二部分 要点强化训练练习深度化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 核心知识结构化清单 关系代词的用法 关系代词 在从句中的成分 先行词类型 是否可省略 示例句 that 主语、宾语、表语 人或物 作宾语时可省略 The book that I borrowed is very interesting.（作宾语，可省略） which 主语、宾语、表语 物（事物、动物） 作宾语时可省略 The dog which barked loudly belongs to my neighbor.（作主语，不可省） who 主语、宾语 人 作宾语时可省略（较正式） The man who is speaking is our headteacher.（作主语） whom 宾语（常用于正式语体） 人 可省略，尤其在口语中 The girl whom you met yesterday is my cousin.（作宾语，可省略） whose 定语（表示所属关系） 人或物 不可省略 I know a boy whose father is a pilot. The house whose roof is red is old. 特殊用法与注意事项 情况描述 规则说明 示例句 只能用 that，不能用 which 的情况（指物时） 1. 先行词为不定代词：everything, anything, nothing, all, little, much 等 必须使用 that Is there anything that you want to say? 2. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰 如：the first, the only, the best, the last 等 This is the best movie that I’ve ever seen. 3. 先行词被 the only, the very, the same 等限定词修饰 强调唯一性时用 that He is the only person that knows the truth. 4. 主句是以 which 或 who 开头的特殊疑问句 避免重复，用 that Which is the book that you bought yesterday? 5. 先行词既有人又有物 统一使用 that They talked about the people and places that they remembered. 关系代词作宾语时可省略 在非正式语体中，作宾语的关系代词常被省略 The man (who/that) I saw was very tall. The car (which/that) she drove was expensive. 关系代词作主语时不可省略 作主语时必须保留 Who is the girl who is singing?（不可省略 who） ◇Part 02 题型深度化拓展训练 一、单项选择 1．They had an argument, and Lee hit Jim, ________ made Jim feel hurt. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 2．Many young people look up to the athletes ________ won medals in the Olympics. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 3．It is when you bring sportspeople into a competition ________ they must push their limits (极限) ________ they can achieve great success. A．that; where B．that; that C．where; that D．where; where 4．The AI chatbot, ________ algorithms (算法) are designed to imitate human conversation, has been widely used in customer service platforms. A．which B．whose C．where D．when 5．Though the steps are the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ________ offers a place ________ you can sit down to rest your aching legs. A．which; and B．and; which C．that; where D．and; where 6．I don’t know the man ________ my teacher is talking with at the school gate now. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 7．Lu Xun was a famous writer ________ wrote many great books. A．which B．who C．what D．when 8．Abing was a famous folk artist ________ was good at playing erhu. A．/ B．what C．who D．when 9．The first place __________ Tom visited in Gansu was the old town of Shichuan. A．which B．who C．that D．what 10．This is the factory ________ my father worked ten years ago. A．where B．when C．that D．which 11．The four tools ________ people used for Chinese handwriting are called “Four Treasures of the Study”. A．why B．what C．who D．/ 12．Journey to the West is a book ________ influences teenagers a lot. It is very popular. A．who B．when C．which D．what 13．Zootopia II is one of the best films ________ this year. A．that have been on B．which is shown C．what has been shown D．that you showed 14．I still remember the days ________ we spent together in the countryside. A．when B．that C．where D．who 15．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen in the last five years. A．which B．that C．who D．/ 16．This is the magazine ________ was sent to me by post. A．who B．which C．whom D．what 17．The library ________ we visited last Monday ________ usually very crowded on weekends. A．where; was B．where; is C．which; was D．which; is 18．The spider ________ built the clever web is Charlotte, Wilbur’s best friend. A．who B．what C．whose D．whom 19．—Do you know everybody ________ came to the club? —No, I don’t know the one ________ you had a long talk with near the door. A．who; / B．whose; that C．that; which D．/; whom 20．I like the cartoon ________ has a happy ending and makes me ________. A．which; to laugh B．whose; to laugh C．whose; laughing D．which; laugh 21．They are talking about the artists and their works ________ interest them. A．that B．who C．which D．what 22．The police are searching for the girl and her dog ________ disappeared at the street corner that night. A．which B．who C．whose D．that 23．We visited a tea garden last month, ________ we learned a lot about tea-making. A．where B．which C．when D．that 24．The ancient village ________ we visited last year has a history of over 500 years and ________ by the government carefully. A．which; is protected B．where; protects C．that; was protecting D．who; protected 25．In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one ________ is well worth reading. A．who B．that C．which D．when 26．—Who is the girl ________ is sharing her growing pains? —She is my sister. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 27．This is the most meaningful book ________ I have ever read about growing up. A．who B．which C．that D．where 28．Gui Haichao is an astronaut ________ was born in Shidian, Baoshan. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 29．Everything ________ he said at the meeting was very important. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 30．This is the room in ________ my grandfather used to live. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 二、短文填空 1 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 It was the night of the 2026 New Year’s Eve Gala. Millions of people sat in front of their TVs, waiting for the show to begin. One of the 31 (host) walked onto the stage in thick clothes. At first, many viewers were surprised. They 32 (be) used to seeing hosts in beautiful dresses or smart suits. Why was this host wearing such a thick down jacket? Then some people laughed 33 made jokes online. To everyone’s surprise, the thick clothes soon became 34 hot topic. People praised the host 35 being honest and real. They said it was a good idea 36 (care) about one’s health instead of just looking perfect. Many teenagers even shared 37 (they) photos in warm coats, saying, “It’s okay to be warm and happy!” This small thing taught us a 38 (value) lesson. Sometimes, we care too much about what others think and may 39 (control) by others’ feelings. We try to look “perfect” even when we are uncomfortable. But what the host did showed us that being honest and taking care of ourselves is 40 (important) than just looking perfect. 2 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 “Love you, laoji” is a catchphrase now. Literally, “laoji” means “the old self”. Although calling ourselves this way is a bit funny, it makes us feel warm at heart. It’s like 41 (talk) to a good old friend—relaxed and caring. To ring in the New Year, here are some 42 (tip) for you to love laoji more in the coming year. Don’t chase perfection. Waiting to be perfect often 43 (mean) never starting. Many people put things off because they’re afraid of making mistakes. 44 doing something imperfect is better than doing nothing at all. Start small. Learn as you go. The first step matters most. Take real rest. Real rest isn’t sleeping all day 45 staying up late on your phone. That only makes you more tired. Try active rest—gentle 46 (activity) that help your body and mind recover. Feel the sunshine, go for a walk, stretch a little, or listen 47 music you like. Choose one or two small things each day to recharge (充电). Talk to yourself 48 (kind). Pay attention to how you talk to yourself. When things go wrong, don’t be too hard on laoji. Try saying, “It’s okay,” or “I’ll try again next time.” Treat 49 (you) the way you would treat a good friend. Truly loving “laoji” is very simple: eat 50 hot meal when you are hungry, have a good rest when you’re tired, don’t be too hard on yourself when you make mistakes, and accept the imperfect daily life. 3 Do you like travelling around the world? For many people, visiting famous landmarks in person is a dream, but it can be expensive and tiring. Luckily, online tours 51 (become) popular recently, and they offer us a chance 52 (explore) the world at home. Last week, I took 53 online tour of the Louvre Museum, which is in the heart of Paris. The tour started with a short 54 (introduce) about the museum’s history — it was once a palace for the French queen before it became a museum. During the tour, I could zoom in to see the rich collection of the museum. 55 , I could see all the artworks very clearly, from famous paintings to ancient sculptures. It was so immersive (沉浸式的) that I felt like I 56 (walk) around the museum in person. The best part was that I could learn about the stories behind each artwork 57 (complete) without rushing. This online tour also showed me some 58 (history) cities and places around the world, from Xi’an in China to Machu Picchu in Peru. It had a bit of everything, and I enjoyed every minute of it. Some people prefer real travel because they think it’s 59 (interesting) than online tours. But I think online tours are a fantastic experience too. Whether you are busy 60 your studies or don’t have enough money, online tours can help you see the world easily. You don’t need to take your wallet or make a travelling list — just a computer or a phone is enough. 4 Isabella is a very warm-hearted girl. She is always ready to help people in trouble. So far Isabella 61 (study) in college for 2 years. At the same time, she is volunteering 62 (teach) at Heart House in her free time. Heart House is 63 after-school programme for children. It gives some extra education to those children who are not doing 64 (good) in their studies, and tries to change their study habits. Isabella goes to Heart House to teach the children 65 (two) a week. She also set up a website for Heart House. Because of Isabella’s website, every week more than one hundred volunteers spend about four hours 66 (help) the children at Heart House now. “Without Isabella’s website, Heart House would have trouble 67 (find) enough volunteers,” the programme leader says. “I always have a strong feeling of 68 (successful) when I teach those kids how to study. The best thing is that I can also learn a lot from 69 (they). I won’t give up 70 (volunteer) after graduation. I hope to go on teaching kids in need.” Isabella says. 三、完成句子 71．我们学校启动了一个项目并呼吁我们帮助被洪水袭击的地区。 Our school has started a project and called on us to help the region which ________ ________ ________ floods. 72．当我心情不好或疲惫时，我更爱看那些能使我高兴起来的电影。 When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies ________ can ________ ________ ________. 73．这只小狗身患重病。我们没有什么能做的了。 This puppy is seriously ill. There’s very ________ ________ ________ ________. 74．正如你可能所知，电不是发明出来的。它被发现了。 ________ ________ ________ ________, electricity was not invented. It was discovered. 75．我仍记得那个已经在我心底留下深刻印象的电影。 I still remember the film ________ ________ left a deep impression on my heart. 76．那些不让你陷入困境的人才是真正的朋友。 Those ________ ________ get you into trouble are real friends. 77．你就是我想要的朋友。 You’re the ________ I want ________ ________ ________. 78．把你需要的所有东西都放在一个大碗里。 Put everything ________ ________ together ________ ________ ________ ________. 79．事实上，她比我认识的任何人都更有趣。 In fact, she is ________ than ________ ________ ________. 80．在会议上，经理将解释我们应该重新做这项工作的原因。 In the meeting, the manager will explain ________ ________ ________ we should do the work again. 81．当我累的时候，我更喜欢听使我放松的音乐。 When I am tired, I ________ ________ ________ music ________ can make me relaxed. 82．这是我见过的最美的海滩。 This is the most beautiful beach ________ ________ ________ ________. 83．汤姆是一个有创造力的男孩子，发明了许多实用的发明。 Tom is a creative boy ________ ________ many practical inventions. 84．犯过错误的人能从中学到更多。 The person ________ ________ mistakes can learn more from them. 85．有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？ It is always a pleasure to greet a friend _______ _______ from a far-away place. 参考答案 一、 1．B 【解析】句意：他们发生了争执，李打了吉姆，这件事让吉姆感到很受伤。 that那；which哪一个；who谁；whom谁。分析句子，此处是非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面整个句子“Lee hit Jim”这件事，且在从句中作主语，应用which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句；who/whom指代人。应填which。 2．C 【解析】句意：许多年轻人崇拜那些在奥运会上赢得奖牌的运动员。 which哪一个；whom谁，宾格；who谁，主格；whose谁的。先行词是“the athletes”，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以用who。 3．C 【解析】句意：正是当你把运动员带入一场他们必须挑战极限的竞争中时，他们才能取得巨大的成功。 分析句子结构可知，此句是强调句，结构为“It is+被强调部分+that/who从句”，被强调部分是“when you bring sportspeople into a competition…they must push their limits”，第二空应填that；先行词是competition，在此处被视为一种抽象的地点/情境，且在从句中作状语，第一空应用关系副词where引导定语从句。 4．B 【解析】句意：人工智能聊天机器人，它的算法被设计用来模仿人类对话，已经被广泛地应用于客户服务平台。 which哪一个；whose谁的；where在哪里；when什么时候。分析句子结构可知，先行词是The AI chatbot，定语从句中的主语algorithms缺少定语，表示“聊天机器人的算法”，故用whose引导定语从句。 5．D 【解析】句意：虽然台阶是你上山路上唯一不自然的东西，但是它还是突出了整个探险过程，并且提供了一个地方，在那里你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿。 which哪一个，关系代词或连接代词；and并且，并列连词；that从属连词或连接代词；where在哪里，连接副词或关系副词。分析句子“still it highlight the whole adventure…offers a place…you can sit down to rest your aching legs.”可知，“highlights the whole adventure”和“offers a place”构成并列谓语，所以应用and连接，表并列关系；第二空后“you can sit down to rest your aching legs.”是定语从句，从句不缺成分，先行词“a place”是地点，所以应该用关系副词where连接。 6．C 【解析】句意：我不认识现在在校门口和我老师交谈的那个男人。 which哪个（指物）；who谁（指人）；whom谁（指人，宾格）；whose谁的（表所属）。who是主格关系代词，在从句中作主语，而此处需要作宾语的关系词，排除B。 whom是宾格关系代词，指代人且在从句中作宾语，符合语法要求，故填whom。 7．B 【解析】句意：鲁迅是一位著名的作家，他写了许多伟大的书。 which指物；who指人；what什么；when指时间。先行词是writer，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。 8．C 【解析】句意：阿炳是一位擅长拉二胡的著名民间艺术家。 what什么；who谁；when什么时候。本句先行词为“a famous folk artist”，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，who符合语法规则。 9．C 【解析】句意：汤姆在甘肃参观的第一个地方是什川古镇。 which引导限定性定语从句或非限定性定语从句；who引导限定性定语从句，先行词是人；that引导限定性定语从句，先行词是人或物；what不可引导定语从句。此处先行词“place”被序数词The first修饰，关系代词只能用that。 10．A 【解析】句意：这就是我父亲十年前工作过的工厂。 where是关系副词，在定语从句中充当地点状语；when是关系副词，在定语从句中充当时间状语；that是关系代词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等成分；which是关系代词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。 本句中先行词是表示地点的the factory，定语从句my father worked ten years ago结构完整，不缺少主语或宾语，只需要地点状语，只有where符合要求。 11．D 【解析】句意：人们用于中国书法的四种工具被称为“文房四宝”。 why为什么，在定语从句中作原因状语，先行词通常是reason；what什么，不引导定语从句；who谁，引导定语从句时，先行词指人。空格处是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作动词used的宾语，先行词是tools，指物，因此可用that引导此定语从句，that在定语从句中作宾语时可省略，因此此处不填单词即可。 12．C 【解析】句意：《西游记》是一本对青少年影响很大的书，它非常受欢迎。 who先行词为人；when先行词为时间；which先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句。本句是定语从句，先行词a book 是物，关系代词在从句中作主语，应填which。 13．A 【解析】句意：《疯狂动物城2》是今年上映的最佳影片之一。 根据题干“one of the best films”可知，先行词被最高级修饰，定语从句关系代词只能用that，且films是复数，谓语用have been on表示“上映”，应填that have been on。 14．B 【解析】句意：我仍然记得我们一起在乡下度过的那些日子。 that代替事物；when什么时候；where哪里；who谁。先行词“the days”表示事物，且从句中“spent”后缺少宾语，应填that。 15．B 【解析】句意：这是我过去五年里看过的最好的电影。 which哪一个（指物）；that那个（指人 / 物，先行词被最高级修饰时用）；who谁（指人）；/ 不填（关系代词作宾语时可省略）。先行词“movie”被最高级“the best”修饰，此时定语从句的关系代词只能用that。 16．B 【解析】句意：这就是那本邮寄给我的杂志。 who谁（指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语）；which哪一个（指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语）；whom谁（指人，在定语从句中作宾语）；what什么（不能引导定语从句）。先行词“magazine”为物，且定语从句中缺少主语，应用which引导。因此which符合语境。 17．D 【解析】句意：我们上周一参观的图书馆在周末通常非常拥挤。 where哪里，引导定语从句时在从句中作地点状语；which哪一个，引导定语从句时在从句中作主语或宾语；was是is的过去式；is是be动词的第三人称单数形式。根据句子结构可知，“we visited last Monday”是定语从句，修饰先行词“The library”，且定语从句中visited后缺少宾语，所以第一个空应该用which来引导定语从句；“usually”表明句子描述的是经常性的情况，应该用一般现在时，所以第二个空应该用is。 18．A 【解析】句意：织出这张巧妙网的蜘蛛是夏洛特，威尔伯最好的朋友。 who修饰人（或拟人化对象），作主语；what不能引导定语从句；whose关系代词的所有格，表示“……的”；whom关系代词的宾格形式。根据“The spider…is Charlotte, Wilbur’s best friend”可知，蜘蛛夏洛特在文中被赋予了人类的情感和身份，属于拟人化的角色。此处引导词在从句中充当主语。对于拟人化的动物或角色，关系代词通常使用who而非which。 19．A 【解析】句意：——你认识所有来俱乐部的人吗？——不，我不认识那个你在门边和他长谈的人。 考查定语从句关系代词。第一空先行词“everybody”为人，关系词在从句中作主语，可用who或that；第二空先行词“the one”为人，关系词在从句中作介词with的宾语，可用whom或that，也可省略。选项A“who; /”符合两空要求。故选A。 20．D 【解析】句意：我喜欢那部有快乐结局并让我发笑的卡通片。 考查定语从句关系词辨析和使役动词make的用法。which（明确所指的事物）……的那个；whose谁的；to laugh笑，动词不定式；laughing笑，现在分词/动名词；laugh笑，动词原形。第一空，分析句子可知，“has a happy ending and makes me...”是定语从句，先行词是the cartoon（物），从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which或that引导；第二空，make sb do sth为固定搭配，意为“使某人做某事”，此处应用动词原形laugh。故选D。 21．A 【解析】句意：他们正在谈论那些让他们感兴趣的艺术家及其作品。 that既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句。先行词是“the artists and their works”(既指人又指物)，只能用that引导定语从句。 22．D 【解析】句意：警方正在寻找那晚在街角失踪的女孩和她的狗。 考查定语从句。which哪一个，指物；who谁，指人；whose谁的，表所属；that那个，可指人或物。根据“The police are searching for the girl and her dog”可知，先行词既有人又有物，关系词只能用that。故选D。 23．A 【解析】句意：上个月我们参观了一个茶园，在那里我们学到了很多关于制茶的知识。 考查定语从句关系词。where在那里；which哪一个；when什么时候；that那个。先行词是“a tea garden”，表示地点，从句“we learned a lot about tea-making”中缺少地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故选A。 24．A 【解析】句意：我们去年参观的那个古村落有500多年的历史，并且被政府精心保护着。 考查定语从句关系词和动词时态和语态。第一空：先行词是“The ancient village”，指物，且从句中“visited”后缺宾语，应使用关系代词which或that，第二空：主语“The ancient village”与“保护”之间是被动关系，且描述一般事实，用一般现在时的被动语态“is protected”。故选A。 25．B 【解析】句意：在我看来，在所有的书中，这是唯一一本真正值得读的 (书)。 考查定语从句关系词。who谁 (指人)；that那个 (可指人或物)；which哪一个 (指物)；when当……时 (指时间)。先行词是“the only one”，指“唯一的一本书”，被“the only”修饰，定语从句中关系代词在从句中作主语，指物，此时通常用“that”。故选B。 26．B 【解析】句意：——那个正在分享她成长收获的女孩是谁？——她是我妹妹。 考查定语从句关系代词辨析。which指物；who指人，作主语或宾语；whose指人或物，表示所属关系；whom指人，作宾语。先行词“the girl”指人，且在从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词who。故选B。 27．C 【解析】句意：这是我读过的关于成长的最有意义的一本书。 考查定语从句关系词。who谁，指人；which哪一个，指物；that那个，可指人或物；where哪里，表示地点。句中先行词为“book”，指物，且被最高级“the most meaningful”修饰，定语从句中缺少宾语，当先行词被序数词或最高级等修饰时，引导定语从句的关系词应用 that。故选C。 28．B 【解析】句意：桂海潮是一位出生在保山施甸的宇航员。 考查定语从句。which指代物；who指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom指代人，在从句中作宾语；where指代地点，在从句中作状语。先行词“an astronaut”指人，且从句中缺少主语，因此需用关系代词who引导定语从句。故选B。 29．A 【解析】句意：他在会议上说的一切都非常重要。 考查定语从句关系词。that那个，关系代词；which，哪一个，关系代词；who谁，指人；whom谁，宾格指人。本句是定语从句，先行词是everything，当先行词为不定代词everything时，关系词通常用that而不用which。故选A。 30．B 【解析】句意：这是我祖父过去居住的房间。 考查定语从句关系词。that那个/关系代词；which哪个/关系代词，指物；who谁/关系代词，指人；whom谁/宾格关系代词，指人。本句是定语从句，先行词是“the room”（物），且从句中“live”后缺少地点状语，应使用“in which”或“where”引导定语从句。选项中只有“which”可与介词“in”搭配构成“in which”表地点。故选B。 二、 1 31．hosts 32．were 33．and 34．a 35．for 36．to care 37．their 38．valuable 39．be controlled 40．more important 【解析】本文讲述了在2026年新年除夕晚会上，一位主持人穿着厚衣服上台这一不同寻常的举动及其引发的社会反响。 31．句意：其中一位主持人穿着厚厚的衣服走上舞台。根据“One of the...”可知，此处使用名词复数，host的复数为hosts。 32．句意：他们习惯于看到主持人穿着漂亮的连衣裙或帅气的西装。根据“They...used to seeing hosts in beautiful dresses or smart suits.”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主语为They，be动词使用were。 33．句意：然后一些人在网上开玩笑并大笑。laughed和made jokes之间为并列关系，使用and连接。 34．句意：令人惊讶的是，厚衣服很快成为了一个热门话题。此处指厚衣服很快成为了一个热门话题，hot以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a。 35．句意：人们称赞主持人诚实真实。praise sb for doing sth“因某事而称赞某人”，固定短语。 36．句意：他们说，关心自己的健康而不是仅仅看起来完美是一个好主意。根据“it was a good idea...(care) about one’s health instead of just looking perfect.”可知，此处使用动词不定式作真正的主语，it为形式主语。 37．句意：许多青少年甚至分享了他们穿着暖和外套的照片，并说：“温暖快乐是可以的！”此处使用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词photos。 38．句意：这件小事给了我们一个宝贵的教训。此处使用形容词valuable修饰名词lesson，表示“宝贵的教训”。 39．句意：有时候，我们太在意别人的想法，可能会被别人的感受所控制。此处指我们可能会被别人的感受所控制，使用被动语态（be+动词过去分词形式），情态动词may后接be动词原形。 40．句意：但主持人的所作所为告诉我们，诚实和照顾自己比仅仅看起来完美更重要。根据“than just looking perfect”可知，此处使用形容词比较级，important的比较级为more important。 2 41．talking 42．tips 43．means 44．But 45．or 46．activities 47．to 48．kindly 49．yourself 50．a 【解析】本文围绕“爱自己，laoji”这一网络热词，介绍了在新的一年里如何通过具体的方法更好地关爱自己，包括不追求完美，真正地休息以及友善地与自己对话等建议。 41．句意：这就像和一个老朋友聊天——轻松又体贴。It’s like doing sth. 表示“就像做某事”，like在这里是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式。故填talking。 42．句意：为了迎接新年，这里有一些建议，让你在新的一年里更爱“laoji”。tip是可数名词，根据前面的some可知，此处应用复数形式。故填tips。 43．句意：等待完美往往意味着从不开始。根据“Waiting to be perfect often”可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 44．句意：但是做一件不完美的事情总比什么都不做要好。根据“Many people put things off because they’re afraid of making mistakes.”和“doing something imperfect is better than doing nothing at all.”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填But。 45．句意：真正的休息不是整天睡觉，也不是熬夜玩手机。根据“isn’t sleeping all day...staying up late on your phone”可知，此处表示选择关系，用or连接。故填or。 46．句意：尝试积极的休息——温和的活动，帮助你的身心恢复。activity是可数名词，根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，用复数形式。故填activities。 47．句意：感受阳光，去散步，伸展一下身体，或者听你喜欢的音乐。listen to music表示“听音乐”，是固定搭配。故填to。 48．句意：善待自己。根据“Talk to yourself”可知，此处修饰动词短语，用副词kindly“友善地”。故填kindly。 49．句意：像对待好朋友一样对待自己。根据“you would treat a good friend”可知，此处指“你自己”，用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。 50．句意：真正爱“laoji”很简单：饿的时候吃一顿热饭，累的时候好好休息，犯错的时候不要对自己太苛刻，接受不完美的日常生活。根据“hot meal”可知，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，hot以辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。 3 51．have become 52．to explore 53．an 54．introduction 55．Besides/Also 56．was walking 57．completely 58．historical 59．more interesting 60．with 【解析】本文讲述了在线旅游这一新兴方式及其带来的体验与优势。 51．句意：幸运的是，在线旅游最近变得流行起来，它们给我们提供了一个在家探索世界的机会。根据“recently”可知，此处使用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语online tours为复数，使用助动词have，become的过去分词为become。 52．句意：幸运的是，在线旅游最近变得流行起来，它们给我们提供了一个在家探索世界的机会。根据“a chance...(explore) the world at home”可知，此处使用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词chance，表示“在家探索世界的机会”。 53．句意：上周，我进行了一次在线参观卢浮宫之旅，卢浮宫位于巴黎市中心。根据“online tour of the Louvre Museum”可知，此处表示泛指，online以元音音素开头，使用不定冠词an。 54．句意：这次旅行以博物馆历史的简短介绍开始——在成为博物馆之前，它曾是法国女王的宫殿。根据“a short...(introduce) about the museum’s history”可知，此处使用名词introduction，意为“介绍”，a后接可数名词单数。 55．句意：而且，我可以非常清楚地看到所有的艺术品，从著名的绘画到古代雕塑。根据“I could zoom in to see the rich collection of the museum...I could see all the artworks very clearly”可知，前后两句之间是递进关系，Besides/Also“而且”符合，句首首字母大写。 56．句意：它是如此的沉浸式，让我感觉就像我亲自在博物馆里走动一样。根据“I felt like I...(walk) around the museum in person”可知，此处指感觉就像我亲自在博物馆里走动一样，使用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，主语为I，使用was，walk的现在分词为walking。 57．句意：最好的部分是，我可以完全了解每件艺术品背后的故事，而不用匆忙。根据“learn about the stories behind each artwork...(complete) without rushing”可知，此处使用副词completely“完全地”，修饰动词learn。 58．句意：这次在线旅游还向我展示了世界上一些历史悠久的城市和地方，从中国的西安到秘鲁的马丘比丘。根据“cities and places”可知，此处使用形容词historical“历史的”，修饰名词cities and places。 59．句意：有些人更喜欢真正的旅行，因为他们认为这比在线旅游更有趣。根据“than”可知，此处使用形容词interesting的比较级more interesting。 60．句意：无论你是忙于学习还是没有足够的钱，在线旅游都可以帮助你轻松地看到世界。根据“busy...your studies”可知，此处使用be busy with“忙于”，固定搭配。 4 61．has studied 62．to teach 63．an 64．well 65．twice 66．helping 67．finding 68．success 69．them 70．volunteering 【解析】本文介绍了热心女孩伊莎贝拉在大学期间坚持在心之屋志愿教书，并创建网站招募更多志愿者帮助学困儿童的故事。 61．句意：到目前为止，伊莎贝拉已经在大学学习了两年。标志词“So far”提示用现在完成时，主语伊莎贝拉为第三人称单数，study的过去分词为studied，故填has studied。 62．句意：同时，她在空闲时间自愿在心之屋教书。“volunteer to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“自愿做某事”，此处应该用动词不定式to teach。 63．句意：心之屋是一个为孩子们开设的课后项目。programme为可数名词单数，此处首次提及表泛指，且after-school以元音音素开头，故填an。 64．句意：它为那些学业不佳的孩子提供额外教育，并试图改变他们的学习习惯。修饰动词doing需用副词，good的副词形式为well。 65．句意：伊莎贝拉每周去心之屋教孩子们两次。“twice a week”为固定表达，意为“每周两次”，此处用twice表示“两次”。 66．句意：由于伊莎贝拉的网站，现在每周有超过一百名志愿者花费大约四小时帮助心之屋的孩子们。“spend time (in) doing sth.”为固定结构，意为“花费时间做某事”，此处应用helping。 67．句意：“没有伊莎贝拉的网站，心之屋将难以找到足够的志愿者，”项目负责人说。“have trouble (in) doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，此处应用finding。 68．句意：当我教那些孩子如何学习时，我总有强烈的成就感。最好的一点是我也可以从他们身上学到很多。毕业后我不会放弃志愿服务。我希望继续教导有需要的孩子。介词of后需接名词，successful的名词形式为success“成功”。 69．句意：当我教那些孩子如何学习时，我总有强烈的成就感。最好的一点是我也可以从他们身上学到很多。毕业后我不会放弃志愿服务。我希望继续教导有需要的孩子。介词from后需接代词宾格，they的宾格为them。 70．句意：当我教那些孩子如何学习时，我总有强烈的成就感。最好的一点是我也可以从他们身上学到很多。毕业后我不会放弃志愿服务。我希望继续教导有需要的孩子。“give up doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“放弃做某事”，此处应用动名词volunteering。 三、 71． was hit by 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“被……袭击”，先行词the region是单数，且“袭击”这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，故be动词用was；“袭击”的英文是hit，其过去分词仍为hit；被动语态中引出动作执行者用介词by。故填was；hit；by。 72． which/that cheer me up 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，第一空缺少引导定语从句的关系代词，修饰“movies”，先行词指物且在从句中作主语，可用“which”或“that”；第二空缺少“使我高兴起来”，英文常用短语“cheer sb. up”表达。故填which/that；cheer；me；up。 73． little we can do 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少了“没有什么能做的”，little“几乎没有”，we can do“我们能做的”。故填little；we；can；do。 74． As you may know 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“正如你所知”，其英文表达为as you may know。故填As；you；may；know。 75． which/that has 【解析】分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是the film，且关系词在句中作主语，所以用which/that引导从句；根据汉语“已经”可知，时态是现在完成时，主语是单数，所以助动词用has。故填which/that；has。 76． who don’t 【解析】本句是定语从句，先行词Those指代“那些人”，用who引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语；本句时态是一般现在时，主语who指代those，为复数，否定句借助助动词don’t，后跟实义动词原形get。故填who；don’t。 77． friend to make with 【解析】根据汉语提示及“You’re the…I want…”可知，句子为隐藏that的定语从句。第一个空指的是朋友，名词friend“朋友”符合语境，用单数，在句中为先行词；从句中，want to do“想要做某事”，make friend with“与……交朋友”，固定短语。故填friend；to；make；with。 78． you need in a large bowl 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，you need表示“你需要”，这是一个句子，整体作定语从句，修饰先行词everything，省略了关系代词that；put...in...“把……放入……”；a large bowl“一个大碗”。故填you；need；in；a；large；bowl。 79． funnier anyone I know 【解析】第一空指“更有趣的”，用比较级funnier作表语；第二空指“任何人”anyone；由“she is”可知，时态是一般现在时；“我认识的”I know，作定语修饰代词anyone，此处是省略了关系词that，故填funnier；anyone；I；know。 80． the reason why 【解析】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺少“原因”，英语是reason，后接why引导的定语从句，先行词前用定冠词the修饰，故填the；reason；why。 81． prefer listening to that/which 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“更喜欢听”，prefer doing sth.意为“更喜欢做某事”，listen to意为“听”，根据“When I am tired”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语I与动词原形连用，所以动词prefer用原形即可；第四空是定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，先行词是music，指物，所以此定语从句可用that或which引导。故填prefer；listening；to；that/which。 82． that I have seen 【解析】分析句子可知，第一空引导定语从句，先行词为beach，且被形容词最高级修饰，所以用引导词that；结合句意，从句应用现在完成时“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语为I，助动词用have，“看见”为see，过去分词为seen，故填that；I；have；seen。 83． who/that invented 【解析】分析句子可知，此句是是定语从句，先行词是人，所以用who或that引导。发明：invent，由于描述过去的事，所以是一般过去时，将invent变为invented。故填who/that；invented。 84． who/that made 【解析】根据“The person…mistakes can learn more from them.”可知，句子是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是the person，关系词在从句中作主语，关系词用who或that；犯错误：make mistakes，固定搭配，应用其过去式made，表之前犯的错误。故填who/that；made。 85． who/that comes/is 【解析】本句可用定语从句表达，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，可用who/that引导；come/be from“来自”，时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单，be动词用is。故填who/that；comes/is。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年中考英语系统化复习讲练（浙江专用） 专题16 知识点结构化复习与题型强化（定语从句） 目录清单 第一部分 核心知识清单知识结构化 高效复习 第二部分 要点强化训练练习深度化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 核心知识结构化清单 关系代词的用法 关系代词 在从句中的成分 先行词类型 是否可省略 示例句 that 主语、宾语、表语 人或物 作宾语时可省略 The book that I borrowed is very interesting.（作宾语，可省略） which 主语、宾语、表语 物（事物、动物） 作宾语时可省略 The dog which barked loudly belongs to my neighbor.（作主语，不可省） who 主语、宾语 人 作宾语时可省略（较正式） The man who is speaking is our headteacher.（作主语） whom 宾语（常用于正式语体） 人 可省略，尤其在口语中 The girl whom you met yesterday is my cousin.（作宾语，可省略） whose 定语（表示所属关系） 人或物 不可省略 I know a boy whose father is a pilot. The house whose roof is red is old. 特殊用法与注意事项 情况描述 规则说明 示例句 只能用 that，不能用 which 的情况（指物时） 1. 先行词为不定代词：everything, anything, nothing, all, little, much 等 必须使用 that Is there anything that you want to say? 2. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰 如：the first, the only, the best, the last 等 This is the best movie that I’ve ever seen. 3. 先行词被 the only, the very, the same 等限定词修饰 强调唯一性时用 that He is the only person that knows the truth. 4. 主句是以 which 或 who 开头的特殊疑问句 避免重复，用 that Which is the book that you bought yesterday? 5. 先行词既有人又有物 统一使用 that They talked about the people and places that they remembered. 关系代词作宾语时可省略 在非正式语体中，作宾语的关系代词常被省略 The man (who/that) I saw was very tall.<br>The car (which/that) she drove was expensive. 关系代词作主语时不可省略 作主语时必须保留 Who is the girl who is singing?（不可省略 who） ◇Part 02 题型深度化拓展训练 一、单项选择 1．They had an argument, and Lee hit Jim, ________ made Jim feel hurt. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 2．Many young people look up to the athletes ________ won medals in the Olympics. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 3．It is when you bring sportspeople into a competition ________ they must push their limits (极限) ________ they can achieve great success. A．that; where B．that; that C．where; that D．where; where 4．The AI chatbot, ________ algorithms (算法) are designed to imitate human conversation, has been widely used in customer service platforms. A．which B．whose C．where D．when 5．Though the steps are the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ________ offers a place ________ you can sit down to rest your aching legs. A．which; and B．and; which C．that; where D．and; where 6．I don’t know the man ________ my teacher is talking with at the school gate now. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 7．Lu Xun was a famous writer ________ wrote many great books. A．which B．who C．what D．when 8．Abing was a famous folk artist ________ was good at playing erhu. A．/ B．what C．who D．when 9．The first place __________ Tom visited in Gansu was the old town of Shichuan. A．which B．who C．that D．what 10．This is the factory ________ my father worked ten years ago. A．where B．when C．that D．which 11．The four tools ________ people used for Chinese handwriting are called “Four Treasures of the Study”. A．why B．what C．who D．/ 12．Journey to the West is a book ________ influences teenagers a lot. It is very popular. A．who B．when C．which D．what 13．Zootopia II is one of the best films ________ this year. A．that have been on B．which is shown C．what has been shown D．that you showed 14．I still remember the days ________ we spent together in the countryside. A．when B．that C．where D．who 15．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen in the last five years. A．which B．that C．who D．/ 16．This is the magazine ________ was sent to me by post. A．who B．which C．whom D．what 17．The library ________ we visited last Monday ________ usually very crowded on weekends. A．where; was B．where; is C．which; was D．which; is 18．The spider ________ built the clever web is Charlotte, Wilbur’s best friend. A．who B．what C．whose D．whom 19．—Do you know everybody ________ came to the club? —No, I don’t know the one ________ you had a long talk with near the door. A．who; / B．whose; that C．that; which D．/; whom 20．I like the cartoon ________ has a happy ending and makes me ________. A．which; to laugh B．whose; to laugh C．whose; laughing D．which; laugh 21．They are talking about the artists and their works ________ interest them. A．that B．who C．which D．what 22．The police are searching for the girl and her dog ________ disappeared at the street corner that night. A．which B．who C．whose D．that 23．We visited a tea garden last month, ________ we learned a lot about tea-making. A．where B．which C．when D．that 24．The ancient village ________ we visited last year has a history of over 500 years and ________ by the government carefully. A．which; is protected B．where; protects C．that; was protecting D．who; protected 25．In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one ________ is well worth reading. A．who B．that C．which D．when 26．—Who is the girl ________ is sharing her growing pains? —She is my sister. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 27．This is the most meaningful book ________ I have ever read about growing up. A．who B．which C．that D．where 28．Gui Haichao is an astronaut ________ was born in Shidian, Baoshan. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 29．Everything ________ he said at the meeting was very important. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 30．This is the room in ________ my grandfather used to live. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 二、短文填空 1 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 It was the night of the 2026 New Year’s Eve Gala. Millions of people sat in front of their TVs, waiting for the show to begin. One of the 31 (host) walked onto the stage in thick clothes. At first, many viewers were surprised. They 32 (be) used to seeing hosts in beautiful dresses or smart suits. Why was this host wearing such a thick down jacket? Then some people laughed 33 made jokes online. To everyone’s surprise, the thick clothes soon became 34 hot topic. People praised the host 35 being honest and real. They said it was a good idea 36 (care) about one’s health instead of just looking perfect. Many teenagers even shared 37 (they) photos in warm coats, saying, “It’s okay to be warm and happy!” This small thing taught us a 38 (value) lesson. Sometimes, we care too much about what others think and may 39 (control) by others’ feelings. We try to look “perfect” even when we are uncomfortable. But what the host did showed us that being honest and taking care of ourselves is 40 (important) than just looking perfect. 2 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 “Love you, laoji” is a catchphrase now. Literally, “laoji” means “the old self”. Although calling ourselves this way is a bit funny, it makes us feel warm at heart. It’s like 41 (talk) to a good old friend—relaxed and caring. To ring in the New Year, here are some 42 (tip) for you to love laoji more in the coming year. Don’t chase perfection. Waiting to be perfect often 43 (mean) never starting. Many people put things off because they’re afraid of making mistakes. 44 doing something imperfect is better than doing nothing at all. Start small. Learn as you go. The first step matters most. Take real rest. Real rest isn’t sleeping all day 45 staying up late on your phone. That only makes you more tired. Try active rest—gentle 46 (activity) that help your body and mind recover. Feel the sunshine, go for a walk, stretch a little, or listen 47 music you like. Choose one or two small things each day to recharge (充电). Talk to yourself 48 (kind). Pay attention to how you talk to yourself. When things go wrong, don’t be too hard on laoji. Try saying, “It’s okay,” or “I’ll try again next time.” Treat 49 (you) the way you would treat a good friend. Truly loving “laoji” is very simple: eat 50 hot meal when you are hungry, have a good rest when you’re tired, don’t be too hard on yourself when you make mistakes, and accept the imperfect daily life. 3 Do you like travelling around the world? For many people, visiting famous landmarks in person is a dream, but it can be expensive and tiring. Luckily, online tours 51 (become) popular recently, and they offer us a chance 52 (explore) the world at home. Last week, I took 53 online tour of the Louvre Museum, which is in the heart of Paris. The tour started with a short 54 (introduce) about the museum’s history — it was once a palace for the French queen before it became a museum. During the tour, I could zoom in to see the rich collection of the museum. 55 , I could see all the artworks very clearly, from famous paintings to ancient sculptures. It was so immersive (沉浸式的) that I felt like I 56 (walk) around the museum in person. The best part was that I could learn about the stories behind each artwork 57 (complete) without rushing. This online tour also showed me some 58 (history) cities and places around the world, from Xi’an in China to Machu Picchu in Peru. It had a bit of everything, and I enjoyed every minute of it. Some people prefer real travel because they think it’s 59 (interesting) than online tours. But I think online tours are a fantastic experience too. Whether you are busy 60 your studies or don’t have enough money, online tours can help you see the world easily. You don’t need to take your wallet or make a travelling list — just a computer or a phone is enough. 4 Isabella is a very warm-hearted girl. She is always ready to help people in trouble. So far Isabella 61 (study) in college for 2 years. At the same time, she is volunteering 62 (teach) at Heart House in her free time. Heart House is 63 after-school programme for children. It gives some extra education to those children who are not doing 64 (good) in their studies, and tries to change their study habits. Isabella goes to Heart House to teach the children 65 (two) a week. She also set up a website for Heart House. Because of Isabella’s website, every week more than one hundred volunteers spend about four hours 66 (help) the children at Heart House now. “Without Isabella’s website, Heart House would have trouble 67 (find) enough volunteers,” the programme leader says. “I always have a strong feeling of 68 (successful) when I teach those kids how to study. The best thing is that I can also learn a lot from 69 (they). I won’t give up 70 (volunteer) after graduation. I hope to go on teaching kids in need.” Isabella says. 三、完成句子 71．我们学校启动了一个项目并呼吁我们帮助被洪水袭击的地区。 Our school has started a project and called on us to help the region which ________ ________ ________ floods. 72．当我心情不好或疲惫时，我更爱看那些能使我高兴起来的电影。 When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies ________ can ________ ________ ________. 73．这只小狗身患重病。我们没有什么能做的了。 This puppy is seriously ill. There’s very ________ ________ ________ ________. 74．正如你可能所知，电不是发明出来的。它被发现了。 ________ ________ ________ ________, electricity was not invented. It was discovered. 75．我仍记得那个已经在我心底留下深刻印象的电影。 I still remember the film ________ ________ left a deep impression on my heart. 76．那些不让你陷入困境的人才是真正的朋友。 Those ________ ________ get you into trouble are real friends. 77．你就是我想要的朋友。 You’re the ________ I want ________ ________ ________. 78．把你需要的所有东西都放在一个大碗里。 Put everything ________ ________ together ________ ________ ________ ________. 79．事实上，她比我认识的任何人都更有趣。 In fact, she is ________ than ________ ________ ________. 80．在会议上，经理将解释我们应该重新做这项工作的原因。 In the meeting, the manager will explain ________ ________ ________ we should do the work again. 81．当我累的时候，我更喜欢听使我放松的音乐。 When I am tired, I ________ ________ ________ music ________ can make me relaxed. 82．这是我见过的最美的海滩。 This is the most beautiful beach ________ ________ ________ ________. 83．汤姆是一个有创造力的男孩子，发明了许多实用的发明。 Tom is a creative boy ________ ________ many practical inventions. 84．犯过错误的人能从中学到更多。 The person ________ ________ mistakes can learn more from them. 85．有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？ It is always a pleasure to greet a friend _______ _______ from a far-away place. 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