专题18 知识点结构化复习与题型强化（倒装句、省略句与强调句）-2026年中考英语系统化复习讲练（浙江专用）

该初中英语中考复习知识清单系统梳理了倒装句、省略句与强调句的核心内容，涵盖完全倒装、部分倒装等倒装类型，不定式、虚拟语气if等省略情况，以及强调句基本结构与引导词选择等知识范畴，构建了从“语法规则”到“易错提醒”再到“实例应用”的系统化学习框架。 清单采用“类型-条件-结构-例句-易错点”五维表格呈现知识体系，如将部分倒装中“only+状语置于句首”标注易错点“修饰主语不倒装”，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。配套单项选择、短文填空等题型训练，设计“还原法判断强调句”等实用技巧，助力学生自主复习，为教师提供针对性教学支持。

2026年中考英语系统化复习讲练（浙江专用） 专题18 知识点结构化复习与题型强化（倒装句、省略句与强调句） 目录清单 第一部分 核心知识清单知识结构化 高效复习 第二部分 要点强化训练练习深度化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 核心知识结构化清单 倒装句 类型 倒装条件 结构公式 例句 易错点提醒 完全倒装 here, there, now, then, out, in, away, up, down 等副词置于句首（强调动作发生） 副词 + 动词 + 名词主语 Here comes the bus. Away went the children. 主语为代词时不倒装：Here it is.（√） Here is it.（×） 表地点的介词短语置于句首 介词短语 + 动词 + 名词主语 Under the tree sat an old man. At the door stood a girl. 动词需为不及物动词（如 stand, lie, sit），不可用于及物动词 表语（形容词/分词）置于句首 表语 + be动词 + 名词主语 Gone are the days. Very important is water. be动词单复数由后接主语决定： Gone is the chance.（单数） there 存在句（表示“有”） There + lie/stand/live/come + 主语 + 地点 There lies a lake. There comes the teacher. 不可与 have 混淆：“There is a book” 表存在，“I have a book” 表拥有 部分倒装 否定意义副词置于句首 （never, seldom, hardly, not until 等） 否定词 + 助动词/be动词 + 主语 + 实义动词 Never have I seen such a view. Hardly had she left when it started raining. 只有在句首否定词时才倒装；句中否定不倒装： I have never seen...（正常语序） only + 状语（副词/介词短语/从句）置于句首 Only + 状语 + 助动词 + 主语 + 实义动词 Only then did I understand. Only by working hard can we succeed. 若 only 修饰主语，则不倒装： Only he knows the truth. so/neither/nor 表示“也/也不”（主语不同） So/Neither/Nor + 助动词 + 另一主语 —She can swim. —So can I. —I don’t like coffee. —Neither do I. 主语相同时用正常语序强调事实： —You finished! —So I did. as 引导让步状语从句 形容词/副词/名词 + as + 主语 + 动词 Tired as he was, he kept walking. Child as he is, he knows a lot. 名词前不用冠词： Boy as he is → 正确；A boy as he is → 错误 so/such...that... 结构中 so/such 提前 So/Such + be/助动词 + 主语 + that... So fast did he run that no one caught him. Such was the noise that we couldn’t hear. 必须将 so/such 及其修饰成分整体提前才倒装 虚拟语气中省略 if Were/Had/Should + 主语 + 其他 Were I you, I would go. Had he known, he would have come. 仅适用于含有 were, had, should 的虚拟条件句；其他时态不能省略 if 省略句 类型 省略条件 可省略部分 例句 易错点提醒 不定式中的省略 主句已有相同不定式动作 省略 to 后的动词，保留 to —Will you join us? —I’d love to. to 后若为 be 或 have done，应补全： —Are you a teacher? —No, but I want to be. 感官动词/使役动词后作宾补 省略 to I saw him leave. He made me laugh. 被动语态中 to 不能省略： I was made to laugh. but 后接不定式，前有 do 省略 to I could do nothing but wait. 若前面无 do，则保留 to： I had no choice but to wait. 作表语的不定式，主语中有 do 省略 to What we must do is (to) protect the environment. to 可省可不省，但语义不变 并列不定式 第一个 to 保留，其余可省 My job is to clean the room and wash the clothes. 不可只留后面的 to： to clean and to wash → 虽然语法正确，但不如省略简洁 虚拟语气中 if 的省略 if 从句含 were/had/should 省略 if，将 were/had/should 提前 Were I you → If I were you Had he known → If he had known 仅限这三种助动词；其他如 if he goes → 不可倒装 定语从句中关系词的省略 关系代词作宾语（who/whom/which/that） 省略关系代词 The book (that) I read is interesting. 作主语时不可省略： The man who helped me... that 在定语从句中作表语 可省略 He is not the boy (that) he was. 多用于“人/物今昔对比”句型 when/where/why 在特定名词后 可省略或换为 that I’ll never forget the day (when) we met. This is the reason (why) he left. 一般情况不能省略；仅限 time, place, reason 等少数词后可省 强调句 项目 说明 示例 易错点提醒 基本结构 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其余部分 It was yesterday that I saw her. 强调现在或将来用 is，强调过去用 was 引导词选择 被强调部分为人 → 可用 who 或 that 被强调部分为物、时间、地点、原因 → 只能用 that 强调人：It was Tom who/that called. 强调地点：It was in the park that we met. 强调物或状语时不可用 who 强调主语 被强调部分为主语，用主格代词 It was she who met Tom. 不可用宾格：It was her who...（×） 强调宾语 被强调部分为宾语，可用宾格代词 It was him (who/whom) I saw. whom 更正式，口语中常用 who 强调时间状语 时间状语整体前置 It was last Monday that Tom bought a bike. 不可拆分时间表达： It was Monday last that...（×） 强调地点状语 地点状语完整前置 It was in the store that he bought it. 不可只强调介词： It was in that he bought...（×） 强调原因 原因需由从句表达，通常用 because It was because it rained that the match was canceled. 不可用 why 引导强调句： It was why he left that...（×） be 动词一致性 It 后 always 用单数 be 动词（is/was） It was they who were late. 即使被强调主语是复数，It 后仍用单数 与主语从句区分 强调句去掉 It was...that 后，剩余部分应为完整句子 原句：She met Tom in the park. 强调地点：It was in the park that she met Tom. 还原：In the park she met Tom.（√） 若还原后句子不完整，则不是强调句 ◇Part 02 题型深度化拓展训练 一、单项选择 1．—I used to be afraid of speaking in public. I was so scared. —________. But now I’m quite confident. A．So I did B．So did I C．Neither did I D．Neither I did 2．—He usually plays football after school. —________. A．So I do B．So do I C．So am I D．So I am 3．Only with a reasonable examination system ________ pick out ________ we think is competent for the task. A．we can; whoever B．can we; whoever C．we can; anyone D．can we; anyone 4．On the banks of the river ________ a very beautiful town, Yangjiang Town. It attracts many tourists. A．sit B．sits C．to sit D．sitting 5．In front of these old houses ________ a river, which is not wide or deep but clean. A．stand B．stands C．run D．runs 6．Next to the school ________ two parks. They’re good places ________. A．lies; to read B．lie; to read C．lies; reading D．lie; reading 7．On the banks of the Yellow River ________ the ancient city of Luoyang. A．lies B．lay C．lying D．lie 8．In the last picture ________ two black dogs. A．is B．are C．have D．see 9．Here ______ the bus! A．comes B．come C．is coming D．came 10．—We have to stop talking here outside. Listen! ________! —Hurry up, or we’ll be late. A．There goes the bell B．There does the bell go C．There the bell goes D．Goes the bell there 11．— I can’t see Jake. —________. Shall we move a bit to make some ________ for him? A．Here he comes; spaces B．Here comes he; spaces C．Here he comes; space D．Here comes he; space 12．—I don’t like playing football.​ — _______do I.​ A．Either B．Neither C．So D．Also​ 13．—Eric has made great progress recently. —________, and ________. A．So he has; so you have B．So he has; so have you C．So has he; so have you D．So has he; so you have 14．—Jane has gone to London. —So ______ her parents. They have been there for two weeks. A．have B．has C．did D．do 15．It is when they make friends and face challenges ________ students get to know ________ school life is really like. A．that; what B．that; how C．before; what D．before; how 16．Was it about 1, 400 years ago ________ the famous Zhaozhou Bridge in Hebei was built? A．until B．that C．before D．when 17．It was ________ back home after a whole day of tiring work at that start-up technology company. A．not until midnight that he went B．until midnight that he didn’t go C．not until midnight did he go D．until midnight when he didn’t go 18．It was ________ the policeman devoted to ________ the murderer that touched us—his life! A．that; arresting B．that; arrest C．what; arresting D．what; arrest 19．________ hard work and trust that make a great team. A．It is B．They are C．This is D．That is 20．It was ________ midnight ________ he finished his homework. A．when; that B．not until; that C．until; when D．after; before 21．—Why did Tom ________ the school speech competition last week? —He was ill. But he ________ a chance to try again next month. A．miss; is going to be B．misses; will have C．misses; is going to be D．miss; will have 22．It is I ______ to blame for the mistake. A．who am B．who is C．that be D．that is 23．It was yesterday ______ he met his old friend. A．that B．when C．where D．who 24．—Since China’s reform and opening-up, great changes have taken place in our country. —________. A．So they have B．So have they C．So do they D．So they do 25．It was not until she took off her stylish sunglasses, which she had bought last summer, ________ I finally recognized her as the famous actress who starred in that award-winning film. A．that B．when C．which D．where 26．—Will our team win the basketball match? —______. They have been training very hard. A．Probable B．Possible C．Probably D．Unlikely 27．—I haven’t visited the new museum ________.   —________ go there with me tomorrow? A．already; Why not B．yet; Why not C．ever; How about D．never; What about 28．Be careful ________ the street. A．when crossing B．when cross C．when you crossing D．when to cross 29．Why not _______ a picnic on such a sunny day? A．going on B．go on C．went on D．goes on 30．Turn off the tap when ________ your teeth. A．brushing B．brush C．to brush D．brushes 31．This problem may lead to more serious ones if ________ unsolved. A．making B．left C．remained D．keeping 32．—Who cleaned the classroom yesterday? —Kevin _______, I think. A．did B．does C．cleaned D．cleans 33．—Who washes clothes in your home every day?   —My sister ________. A．washes B．is C．do D．does 34．—Who cooks dinner in your home every day? —________ A．My mother is. B．My mother do. C．Is my mother. D．My mother does. 35．—Who likes volleyball in your family?         —My brother ________. A．is B．are C．do D．does 36．My uncle and aunt ________ fishing, but their son Jack ________. A．like; isn’t B．likes; doesn’t C．like; does D．like; doesn’t 37．—Do you often enjoy Beijing opera on TV? —No. But my grandma ________. A．is B．do C．listens D．does 38．At first, she ________ like math, but now she ________. A．didn’t; did B．doesn’t; does C．doesn’t; did D．didn’t; does 39．When ____________ to school, I saw a traffic accident. A．walk B．walks C．walking D．to walk 40．There are many ways to build a green school. ________, we can start by saving water and electricity. A．At first B．For example C．In public D．As usual 二、短文填空 1 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Project Hope, one of the most famous public welfare organizations in China, has been changing 41 (children) lives since 1989. It aims to help poor kids get an education. Many schools in the countryside have been built by Project Hope. These schools not only provide better classrooms and 42 (many) books for students but also offer them more colorful after-school activities, like art classes and science clubs. For example, Li Mei, 43 11-year-old girl from a small village, got a chance to study because of this project. “My life has become happier since I 44 (come) to this new school,” she said. Volunteers play a 45 (real) important role in Project Hope. Many students offer to take part in this 46 (meaning) activity and some volunteers choose to teach in the schools for one or two years. They bring modern knowledge to the classrooms. Others work hard 47 (raise) money through charity sales or online campaigns. Every year, millions of books 48 (give) by people across the country to help these schools. You can also join 49 different activities to help! By donating old books or spending a weekend helping with homework, even small actions can make a big difference. 50 you want to make the world a better place, join Project Hope and let your love shine, because everyone’s effort matters! 2 My name is Julie and I live in Sheffield. Now I am doing a full-time job as a nurse here. As a young child, my dream was to work in 51 hospital. To make the dream come true, I thought about doing some voluntary work. Last summer, I decided 52 (go) for it. I got the telephone number of a local museum through the Internet. A few days later, the museum 53 (call) me to say I was accepted as a volunteer. On 10 July, I started doing some two-hour shifts (轮班) 54 (two) a week. I helped the Visitor Experience Team welcome people 55 do some surveys. 56 November, I joined the “Helping the Old”. There were some old 57 (visitor) every weekday. When they 58 (show) around the museum, my job was to look after the elderly. During my months of volunteering at the museum, I felt 59 (real) happy. The volunteers there were very 60 (friend). I will never forget the experience that helped me grow. 3 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 What should you do if you have a headache? In modern times, people often take aspirin (阿司匹林). But is aspirin 61 (real) a modern medicine? More than 4,000 years ago, ancient Egyptians used dried leaves to treat pain. And in the 4th century BC, a medicine made from tree bark (树皮) was used to treat 62 (ill) such as fevers and colds. European scientists 63 (discover) that both medicines have the same chemical. They used the chemical 64 (make) a modern medicine — aspirin. Today, it’s one of the world’s 65 (cheap) and most effective medicines. Some of the medicines we have today come from traditional Chinese medicine. In the 66 (three) century BC, some people began studying the human body. They tried many different ways to treat the patients and recorded 67 (they) results. For more than 2,000 years, doctors have recorded the 68 (use) information they found in books. Tu Youyou, a Chinese medical 69 (research), found that in the past, people used a herb with yellow flowers to treat fevers. After 70 (study) it, she developed a medicine that saved millions of people from dying. For centuries, Western medicine paid little attention to traditional Chinese medicine. But today, scientists are studying traditional treatments to develop new medicines. 三、完成句子 71．更为重要的是，我们应该尊重不同的文化习俗。 ________ ________ ________, we should respect different cultural customs. 72．我喜欢那个海滩，而且，我住的地方距离那里只有几分钟的路程。 I love the beach, and ________ ________, I live just a few minutes away from there. 73．——你愿意和我们一起去购物吗？ ——当然，我很乐意。 —Would you like to go shopping with us? —________________. 74．面对困难时，我们不应该放弃，而应该对自己说：“我能行！” When ____________, we shouldn’t give up. Instead, we should ____________: “I can do it!” 75．简来自伦敦。你呢？ Jane is from London. ________ ________ you? 76．很长时间没见面了。你去哪里了？ Long time ________ ________. Where did you go? 77．不要放弃你的希望。我在这里帮助你。 Don’t ________ your hope ________./Don’t ________ ________ your hope. I’m here to help you. 78． 我们的确在聚会上玩得很高兴。 We _________ _________ _________ at the party. 79．——而且，发展中国家的人口增长得更快。 ——的确如此。 —What’s more, the population in developing countries is growing faster. —________ ________ ________. 80．我对你兄弟感到失望。 I do ________ ________ ________ your brother. 81．—给您菜单。您想喝点什么，鱼汤还是蔬菜汤？ —我想要鱼汤。 —________ is a ________ for you. What would you like to have, ________ ________ or ________ ________? —________ ________ fish soup. 82．杰克没有去剧院，我也没有。 Jack didn’t go to the theater and ________ ________ ________. 83．黄河岸边坐落着一座历史悠久的城市——洛阳。 ________ ________ ________ ________ the Yellow River ________ a city with a long history—Luoyang. 84．我的滑板真的很酷，他们的也如此。 My skateboard is ________ cool, and ________ ________ ________. 85．只有考试不及格时我才意识到努力的重要性。 Only when I failed the exam ________ ________________ the importance of hard work. ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年中考英语系统化复习讲练（浙江专用） 专题18 知识点结构化复习与题型强化（倒装句、省略句与强调句） 目录清单 第一部分 核心知识清单知识结构化 高效复习 第二部分 要点强化训练练习深度化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 核心知识结构化清单 倒装句 类型 倒装条件 结构公式 例句 易错点提醒 完全倒装 here, there, now, then, out, in, away, up, down 等副词置于句首（强调动作发生） 副词 + 动词 + 名词主语 Here comes the bus. Away went the children. 主语为代词时不倒装：Here it is.（√） Here is it.（×） 表地点的介词短语置于句首 介词短语 + 动词 + 名词主语 Under the tree sat an old man. At the door stood a girl. 动词需为不及物动词（如 stand, lie, sit），不可用于及物动词 表语（形容词/分词）置于句首 表语 + be动词 + 名词主语 Gone are the days. Very important is water. be动词单复数由后接主语决定： Gone is the chance.（单数） there 存在句（表示“有”） There + lie/stand/live/come + 主语 + 地点 There lies a lake. There comes the teacher. 不可与 have 混淆：“There is a book” 表存在，“I have a book” 表拥有 部分倒装 否定意义副词置于句首 （never, seldom, hardly, not until 等） 否定词 + 助动词/be动词 + 主语 + 实义动词 Never have I seen such a view. Hardly had she left when it started raining. 只有在句首否定词时才倒装；句中否定不倒装： I have never seen...（正常语序） only + 状语（副词/介词短语/从句）置于句首 Only + 状语 + 助动词 + 主语 + 实义动词 Only then did I understand. Only by working hard can we succeed. 若 only 修饰主语，则不倒装： Only he knows the truth. so/neither/nor 表示“也/也不”（主语不同） So/Neither/Nor + 助动词 + 另一主语 —She can swim. —So can I. —I don’t like coffee. —Neither do I. 主语相同时用正常语序强调事实： —You finished! —So I did. as 引导让步状语从句 形容词/副词/名词 + as + 主语 + 动词 Tired as he was, he kept walking. Child as he is, he knows a lot. 名词前不用冠词： Boy as he is → 正确；A boy as he is → 错误 so/such...that... 结构中 so/such 提前 So/Such + be/助动词 + 主语 + that... So fast did he run that no one caught him. Such was the noise that we couldn’t hear. 必须将 so/such 及其修饰成分整体提前才倒装 虚拟语气中省略 if Were/Had/Should + 主语 + 其他 Were I you, I would go. Had he known, he would have come. 仅适用于含有 were, had, should 的虚拟条件句；其他时态不能省略 if 省略句 类型 省略条件 可省略部分 例句 易错点提醒 不定式中的省略 主句已有相同不定式动作 省略 to 后的动词，保留 to —Will you join us? —I’d love to. to 后若为 be 或 have done，应补全： —Are you a teacher? —No, but I want to be. 感官动词/使役动词后作宾补 省略 to I saw him leave. He made me laugh. 被动语态中 to 不能省略： I was made to laugh. but 后接不定式，前有 do 省略 to I could do nothing but wait. 若前面无 do，则保留 to： I had no choice but to wait. 作表语的不定式，主语中有 do 省略 to What we must do is (to) protect the environment. to 可省可不省，但语义不变 并列不定式 第一个 to 保留，其余可省 My job is to clean the room and wash the clothes. 不可只留后面的 to： to clean and to wash → 虽然语法正确，但不如省略简洁 虚拟语气中 if 的省略 if 从句含 were/had/should 省略 if，将 were/had/should 提前 Were I you → If I were you Had he known → If he had known 仅限这三种助动词；其他如 if he goes → 不可倒装 定语从句中关系词的省略 关系代词作宾语（who/whom/which/that） 省略关系代词 The book (that) I read is interesting. 作主语时不可省略： The man who helped me... that 在定语从句中作表语 可省略 He is not the boy (that) he was. 多用于“人/物今昔对比”句型 when/where/why 在特定名词后 可省略或换为 that I’ll never forget the day (when) we met. This is the reason (why) he left. 一般情况不能省略；仅限 time, place, reason 等少数词后可省 强调句 项目 说明 示例 易错点提醒 基本结构 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其余部分 It was yesterday that I saw her. 强调现在或将来用 is，强调过去用 was 引导词选择 被强调部分为人 → 可用 who 或 that 被强调部分为物、时间、地点、原因 → 只能用 that 强调人：It was Tom who/that called. 强调地点：It was in the park that we met. 强调物或状语时不可用 who 强调主语 被强调部分为主语，用主格代词 It was she who met Tom. 不可用宾格：It was her who...（×） 强调宾语 被强调部分为宾语，可用宾格代词 It was him (who/whom) I saw. whom 更正式，口语中常用 who 强调时间状语 时间状语整体前置 It was last Monday that Tom bought a bike. 不可拆分时间表达： It was Monday last that...（×） 强调地点状语 地点状语完整前置 It was in the store that he bought it. 不可只强调介词： It was in that he bought...（×） 强调原因 原因需由从句表达，通常用 because It was because it rained that the match was canceled. 不可用 why 引导强调句： It was why he left that...（×） be 动词一致性 It 后 always 用单数 be 动词（is/was） It was they who were late. 即使被强调主语是复数，It 后仍用单数 与主语从句区分 强调句去掉 It was...that 后，剩余部分应为完整句子 原句：She met Tom in the park. 强调地点：It was in the park that she met Tom. 还原：In the park she met Tom.（√） 若还原后句子不完整，则不是强调句 ◇Part 02 题型深度化拓展训练 一、单项选择 1．—I used to be afraid of speaking in public. I was so scared. —________. But now I’m quite confident. A．So I did B．So did I C．Neither did I D．Neither I did 2．—He usually plays football after school. —________. A．So I do B．So do I C．So am I D．So I am 3．Only with a reasonable examination system ________ pick out ________ we think is competent for the task. A．we can; whoever B．can we; whoever C．we can; anyone D．can we; anyone 4．On the banks of the river ________ a very beautiful town, Yangjiang Town. It attracts many tourists. A．sit B．sits C．to sit D．sitting 5．In front of these old houses ________ a river, which is not wide or deep but clean. A．stand B．stands C．run D．runs 6．Next to the school ________ two parks. They’re good places ________. A．lies; to read B．lie; to read C．lies; reading D．lie; reading 7．On the banks of the Yellow River ________ the ancient city of Luoyang. A．lies B．lay C．lying D．lie 8．In the last picture ________ two black dogs. A．is B．are C．have D．see 9．Here ______ the bus! A．comes B．come C．is coming D．came 10．—We have to stop talking here outside. Listen! ________! —Hurry up, or we’ll be late. A．There goes the bell B．There does the bell go C．There the bell goes D．Goes the bell there 11．— I can’t see Jake. —________. Shall we move a bit to make some ________ for him? A．Here he comes; spaces B．Here comes he; spaces C．Here he comes; space D．Here comes he; space 12．—I don’t like playing football.​ — _______do I.​ A．Either B．Neither C．So D．Also​ 13．—Eric has made great progress recently. —________, and ________. A．So he has; so you have B．So he has; so have you C．So has he; so have you D．So has he; so you have 14．—Jane has gone to London. —So ______ her parents. They have been there for two weeks. A．have B．has C．did D．do 15．It is when they make friends and face challenges ________ students get to know ________ school life is really like. A．that; what B．that; how C．before; what D．before; how 16．Was it about 1, 400 years ago ________ the famous Zhaozhou Bridge in Hebei was built? A．until B．that C．before D．when 17．It was ________ back home after a whole day of tiring work at that start-up technology company. A．not until midnight that he went B．until midnight that he didn’t go C．not until midnight did he go D．until midnight when he didn’t go 18．It was ________ the policeman devoted to ________ the murderer that touched us—his life! A．that; arresting B．that; arrest C．what; arresting D．what; arrest 19．________ hard work and trust that make a great team. A．It is B．They are C．This is D．That is 20．It was ________ midnight ________ he finished his homework. A．when; that B．not until; that C．until; when D．after; before 21．—Why did Tom ________ the school speech competition last week? —He was ill. But he ________ a chance to try again next month. A．miss; is going to be B．misses; will have C．misses; is going to be D．miss; will have 22．It is I ______ to blame for the mistake. A．who am B．who is C．that be D．that is 23．It was yesterday ______ he met his old friend. A．that B．when C．where D．who 24．—Since China’s reform and opening-up, great changes have taken place in our country. —________. A．So they have B．So have they C．So do they D．So they do 25．It was not until she took off her stylish sunglasses, which she had bought last summer, ________ I finally recognized her as the famous actress who starred in that award-winning film. A．that B．when C．which D．where 26．—Will our team win the basketball match? —______. They have been training very hard. A．Probable B．Possible C．Probably D．Unlikely 27．—I haven’t visited the new museum ________.   —________ go there with me tomorrow? A．already; Why not B．yet; Why not C．ever; How about D．never; What about 28．Be careful ________ the street. A．when crossing B．when cross C．when you crossing D．when to cross 29．Why not _______ a picnic on such a sunny day? A．going on B．go on C．went on D．goes on 30．Turn off the tap when ________ your teeth. A．brushing B．brush C．to brush D．brushes 31．This problem may lead to more serious ones if ________ unsolved. A．making B．left C．remained D．keeping 32．—Who cleaned the classroom yesterday? —Kevin _______, I think. A．did B．does C．cleaned D．cleans 33．—Who washes clothes in your home every day?   —My sister ________. A．washes B．is C．do D．does 34．—Who cooks dinner in your home every day? —________ A．My mother is. B．My mother do. C．Is my mother. D．My mother does. 35．—Who likes volleyball in your family?         —My brother ________. A．is B．are C．do D．does 36．My uncle and aunt ________ fishing, but their son Jack ________. A．like; isn’t B．likes; doesn’t C．like; does D．like; doesn’t 37．—Do you often enjoy Beijing opera on TV? —No. But my grandma ________. A．is B．do C．listens D．does 38．At first, she ________ like math, but now she ________. A．didn’t; did B．doesn’t; does C．doesn’t; did D．didn’t; does 39．When ____________ to school, I saw a traffic accident. A．walk B．walks C．walking D．to walk 40．There are many ways to build a green school. ________, we can start by saving water and electricity. A．At first B．For example C．In public D．As usual 二、短文填空 1 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Project Hope, one of the most famous public welfare organizations in China, has been changing 41 (children) lives since 1989. It aims to help poor kids get an education. Many schools in the countryside have been built by Project Hope. These schools not only provide better classrooms and 42 (many) books for students but also offer them more colorful after-school activities, like art classes and science clubs. For example, Li Mei, 43 11-year-old girl from a small village, got a chance to study because of this project. “My life has become happier since I 44 (come) to this new school,” she said. Volunteers play a 45 (real) important role in Project Hope. Many students offer to take part in this 46 (meaning) activity and some volunteers choose to teach in the schools for one or two years. They bring modern knowledge to the classrooms. Others work hard 47 (raise) money through charity sales or online campaigns. Every year, millions of books 48 (give) by people across the country to help these schools. You can also join 49 different activities to help! By donating old books or spending a weekend helping with homework, even small actions can make a big difference. 50 you want to make the world a better place, join Project Hope and let your love shine, because everyone’s effort matters! 2 My name is Julie and I live in Sheffield. Now I am doing a full-time job as a nurse here. As a young child, my dream was to work in 51 hospital. To make the dream come true, I thought about doing some voluntary work. Last summer, I decided 52 (go) for it. I got the telephone number of a local museum through the Internet. A few days later, the museum 53 (call) me to say I was accepted as a volunteer. On 10 July, I started doing some two-hour shifts (轮班) 54 (two) a week. I helped the Visitor Experience Team welcome people 55 do some surveys. 56 November, I joined the “Helping the Old”. There were some old 57 (visitor) every weekday. When they 58 (show) around the museum, my job was to look after the elderly. During my months of volunteering at the museum, I felt 59 (real) happy. The volunteers there were very 60 (friend). I will never forget the experience that helped me grow. 3 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 What should you do if you have a headache? In modern times, people often take aspirin (阿司匹林). But is aspirin 61 (real) a modern medicine? More than 4,000 years ago, ancient Egyptians used dried leaves to treat pain. And in the 4th century BC, a medicine made from tree bark (树皮) was used to treat 62 (ill) such as fevers and colds. European scientists 63 (discover) that both medicines have the same chemical. They used the chemical 64 (make) a modern medicine — aspirin. Today, it’s one of the world’s 65 (cheap) and most effective medicines. Some of the medicines we have today come from traditional Chinese medicine. In the 66 (three) century BC, some people began studying the human body. They tried many different ways to treat the patients and recorded 67 (they) results. For more than 2,000 years, doctors have recorded the 68 (use) information they found in books. Tu Youyou, a Chinese medical 69 (research), found that in the past, people used a herb with yellow flowers to treat fevers. After 70 (study) it, she developed a medicine that saved millions of people from dying. For centuries, Western medicine paid little attention to traditional Chinese medicine. But today, scientists are studying traditional treatments to develop new medicines. 三、完成句子 71．更为重要的是，我们应该尊重不同的文化习俗。 ________ ________ ________, we should respect different cultural customs. 72．我喜欢那个海滩，而且，我住的地方距离那里只有几分钟的路程。 I love the beach, and ________ ________, I live just a few minutes away from there. 73．——你愿意和我们一起去购物吗？ ——当然，我很乐意。 —Would you like to go shopping with us? —________________. 74．面对困难时，我们不应该放弃，而应该对自己说：“我能行！” When ____________, we shouldn’t give up. Instead, we should ____________: “I can do it!” 75．简来自伦敦。你呢？ Jane is from London. ________ ________ you? 76．很长时间没见面了。你去哪里了？ Long time ________ ________. Where did you go? 77．不要放弃你的希望。我在这里帮助你。 Don’t ________ your hope ________./Don’t ________ ________ your hope. I’m here to help you. 78． 我们的确在聚会上玩得很高兴。 We _________ _________ _________ at the party. 79．——而且，发展中国家的人口增长得更快。 ——的确如此。 —What’s more, the population in developing countries is growing faster. —________ ________ ________. 80．我对你兄弟感到失望。 I do ________ ________ ________ your brother. 81．—给您菜单。您想喝点什么，鱼汤还是蔬菜汤？ —我想要鱼汤。 —________ is a ________ for you. What would you like to have, ________ ________ or ________ ________? —________ ________ fish soup. 82．杰克没有去剧院，我也没有。 Jack didn’t go to the theater and ________ ________ ________. 83．黄河岸边坐落着一座历史悠久的城市——洛阳。 ________ ________ ________ ________ the Yellow River ________ a city with a long history—Luoyang. 84．我的滑板真的很酷，他们的也如此。 My skateboard is ________ cool, and ________ ________ ________. 85．只有考试不及格时我才意识到努力的重要性。 Only when I failed the exam ________ ________________ the importance of hard work. 参考答案 一、 1．B 【解析】句意：——我过去害怕在公共场合讲话。我很害怕。——我也是。但现在我很自信。 “So+助动词+主语”表示“某人也是”，用于肯定句；“Neither/Nor+助动词+主语”表示“某人也不是”，用于否定句。上文“I was so scared.”是肯定句，且下文“But now I’m quite confident.”暗示过去同样害怕，应用“So did I”表示“我也是”。“So I did”意为“我确实如此”，语序不倒装。 2．B 【解析】句意：——他通常放学后踢足球。——我也一样。 前文所述的肯定情况也适用于另一不同主语时，需用倒装结构“So+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”，译为“……也一样”；若表示同意前文说法，对同一主语的情况进行强调，结构为So+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词，译为“……确实如此”。 本题中回答表示踢足球这个情况也适用于“我”，属于不同主语的相同情况，需要用倒装结构；原句谓语是一般现在时的实义动词plays，故空处需助动词，主语是I，因此助动词用do，符合结构的是So do I。 3．B 【解析】句意：只有建立合理的考核制度，我们才能选拔出我们认为能够胜任这项工作的人。 Only with a reasonable examination system放在句首，主句要用部分倒装，所以是can we，不是we can。we think为插入语，whoever充当从句主语，we think中的宾语被省略。anyone不能引导从句，只能做代词，后面要加who才对。 4．B 【解析】句意：在河岸上坐落着一个非常美丽的小镇，阳江镇。它吸引了许多游客。 sit 坐；sits 坐；to sit 去坐；sitting 坐。本句是地点状语前置的倒装句，真正的主语是后面的 "a very beautiful town"，为单数第三人称，谓语动词应用单数形式 sits。 5．D 【解析】句意：在这些老房子前面流淌着一条河，它既不宽也不深但很干净。 stand站立，动词原形；stands站立，动词第三人称单数形式；run流淌，动词原形；runs流淌，动词第三人称单数形式。根据“In front of these old houses…a river”可知，本句是倒装句，主语是后面的“a river”，为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用单数形式；表示河流流淌常用动词run，应填runs。 6．B 【解析】句意：学校旁边有两个公园。它们是读书的好地方。 考查全部倒装及非谓语动词。lies位于，用于主语为第三人称单数的情况；lie位于，用于主语为非第三人称单数或复数的情况；to read读书，动词不定式形式；reading读书，动名词/现在分词。根据“Next to the school…two parks.”可知，表示地点的介词短语置于句首，句子应用全部倒装，谓语动词应与其后的真正主语“two parks”保持数的一致。由于主语“two parks”为复数，动词应用原形lie，排除A、C项；根据“They’re good places…”可知，此处是固定搭配a good place to do sth.，意为“做某事的好地方”，应用动词不定式to read作后置定语修饰名词places。故选B。 7．A 【解析】句意：在黄河岸边坐落着古城洛阳。 考查倒装句和主谓一致。本句为地点状语On the banks of the Yellow River位于句首的完全倒装结构，主语是the ancient city of Luoyang，是单数形式，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，且描述客观事实用一般现在时。故选A。 8．B 【解析】句意：最后一张照片里有两只黑狗。 考查主谓一致。is是（单数）；are是（复数）；have有；see看见。本句为倒装结构，主语是“two black dogs”（复数），谓语动词需用复数形式，且此处表示“存在”，应用be动词。故选B。 9．A 【解析】句意：公交车来了！ 考查倒装句。在“Here+谓语+主语”的倒装结构中，若主语为单数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。本句主语“the bus”为单数，故谓语动词应用comes。故选A。 10．A 【解析】句意：——我们得停止在外面这儿聊天了。听！铃响了！——快点，不然我们要迟到了。 考查there引导的全部倒装。There goes the bell表述正确；There does the bell go表述错误；There the bell goes非倒装结构；Goes the bell there语序错误。以there开头的句子常用完全倒装，结构为“There+谓语动词+主语（名词）”。故选A。 11．C 【解析】句意：——我看不见Jake。——他来了。我们挪一下给他腾点空间好吗？ 考查倒装句和不可数名词。第一个空表示“他来了”，句子以“Here/There”开头，且主语为代词he，需用正常语序（主语+动词），不倒装，当主语是具体名词时，才需要倒装（动词＋名词）。根据“move a bit ... for him”可知，此处表示“腾出一点空间。space表示“空间”为不可数名词，固定短语“make some space”意为“腾出空间”。故选C。 12．B 【解析】句意：——我不喜欢踢足球。——我也不喜欢。 上文为否定句，此处要表达“我也不……”，需用“Neither+助动词+主语”的倒装结构。Either和Also不能引导倒装句，So则用于肯定句的倒装，应填Neither。 13．B 【解析】句意：——埃里克最近进步很大。——确实如此，你也是。 考查倒装句的用法。“so+主语+助动词”，表示“的确如此”；“so+助动词+主语”，表示“……也是”。根据“Eric has made great progress recently.”可知，第一空是“他的确如此”，第二空是“你也是”。故选B。 14．A 【解析】句意：——Jane已经去伦敦了。——她的父母也是。他们已经在那儿两周了。 考查特殊句型。根据“They have been there for two weeks.”可知，说明Jane的父母也去了伦敦。“So+助动词+主语”是倒装句，表示“……也是”；根据“has gone”和“her parents”可知。助动词用have，故选A。 15．A 【解析】句意：正是在他们交朋友和面对挑战的时候，学生们才了解到学校生活到底是什么样的。 强调句型结构为“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that +其他部分”，本句强调时间状语“when they make friends and face challenges”，所以第一个空用that；第二个空引导宾语从句，且在从句中作like的宾语，所以用what。 16．B 【解析】句意：著名的河北赵州桥是大约 1400 年前建造的吗？ until直到；that那（强调句型引导词）；before在……之前；when 当……时候。本句是强调句型的一般疑问句形式，结构为“Was it + 被强调部分 + that + 其余部分？”. 被强调部分是时间状语“about 1, 400 years ago”。在强调句型中，连接词通常用that，即使强调的是时间，也不用when。 17．A 【解析】句意：在那家初创科技公司累了一整天后，直到午夜他才回家。 强调句的基本结构是“It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分”。本句强调的是时间状语“not until midnight”，原句为“He did not go back home until midnight”，变为强调句时，not随until一起提前，that从句中动词用肯定形式，所以选项A符合。选项C是倒装句结构，不能与It was连用；选项B、D结构错误。 18．C 【解析】句意：正是这位警察致力于抓捕凶手的付出——他的生命——感动了我们。 这是强调句型“It was...that...”结构，被强调的部分是“what the policeman devoted to...the murderer”，被强调部分是主语从句，需用what引导；devote to中的to是介词，后接动名词arresting。 19．A 【解析】句意：正是努力工作和信任造就了一个伟大的团队。 强调句的基本结构是“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他成分”。本句强调的是主语“hard work and trust”，强调句开头固定用It is或It was，不受被强调部分单复数影响。 20．B 【解析】句意：直到午夜他才完成作业。 根据“It was...midnight”和“he finished his homework”可知，此处为强调句型，句子表达“直到午夜才完成”，强调时间状语，应用“It was not until...that...”结构，意为“直到……才……”。not until; that符合语境。 21．D 【解析】句意：——为什么汤姆错过了上周学校的演讲比赛？——他生病了。但是他下个月将有一个再次尝试的机会。 miss错过；be going to be将会是；will have将会有。根据问句中的“did”可知，问句是一般过去时，所以第一个空应该用动词原形“miss”；根据答句中的“next month”可知，答句描述的是将来的事情，应该用一般将来时，“will have”和“is going to have”都可以表示一般将来时，但选项中只有“will have”符合，所以第二个空应填“will have”。 22．A 【解析】句意：这个错误该怪我。 考查强调句和主谓一致。根据句子结构可知，这是一个强调句型：It is+被强调部分+who/that+其他。被强调的是主语I，所以引导词用who或that都可以。但谓语动词要和主语 I 保持一致，必须用am，因此正确答案是who am。故选A。 23．A 【解析】句意：就是在昨天他遇到了他的老朋友。 考查强调句型。that无实际意义，用于强调句；when当……时；where在……地方；who谁。原句为“He met his old friend yesterday.”，若强调时间状语“yesterday”，需用“It was + 被强调部分 + that + 句子剩余部分”的强调结构，此处被强调部分为时间，但连接词仍用that。故选A。 24．A 【解析】句意：——自中国改革开放以来，我们国家发生了巨大的变化。——确实如此。 考查so的倒装句和强调句。So they have确实如此；So have they它们也如此；So do they它们也如此；So they do确实如此。根据上文“great changes have taken place in our country”可知，答语表示对前面所述事实的肯定，应用“so+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词”结构，且上文用了现在完成时 (have taken place)，助动词用have。故选A。 25．A 【解析】句意：直到她摘下她那副去年夏天买的时尚太阳镜，我才终于认出她是那位主演了那部获奖电影的著名女演员。 考查强调句结构。that引导强调句；when何时；which哪一个；where哪里。根据“It was not until she took off her stylish sunglasses, which she had bought last summer...I finally recognized her as the famous actress who starred in that award-winning film.”可知，此处为强调句句型“It was...that...”，需用that引导强调部分。故选A。 26．C 【解析】句意：——我们队会赢得篮球比赛吗？——很可能。他们一直在努力训练。 Probable很可能的，形容词；Possible可能的，形容词；Probably很可能，副词；Unlikely不太可能的，形容词。后句“They have been training very hard”提供了积极原因，因此答话者认为获胜可能性大，此处需要副词单独成句作答，应选Probably。 27．B 【解析】句意：——我还没有参观过那个新博物馆。——为什么不明天和我一起去呢？ 考查副词辨析和提建议的句型。already已经，常用于肯定句；yet还，尚未，常用于否定句或疑问句；ever曾经；never从不。第一句为否定句，表示“还没参观过”，应用yet；第二空为提建议的句型，“Why not + 动词原形？”表示“为什么不……呢？”，符合语境。故选B。 28．A 【解析】句意：过马路时要小心。   考查非谓语动词用法。根据句子结构，此处需要填入一个时间状语从句的省略形式。当主从句主语一致且从句谓语包含be动词时，可省略主语和be动词。原句应为when you are crossing，省略后为when crossing。其他选项均不符合省略规则或语法结构。故选A。 29．B 【解析】句意：在这样一个阳光明媚的日子里，为什么不去野餐呢？ 考查省略形式的特殊疑问句。分析句子结构可知，该句考查“why not do sth.”，意为“为什么不做某事”，常用于表达建议或提议，应用其动词原形与之搭配。故选B。 30．A 【解析】句意：刷牙时关掉水龙头。 考查省略句。when引导状语从句时，当从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个，且从句的谓语动词是be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be动词，因此此处省略了主语you和are，并且be doing结构构成进行时态。故选A。 31．B 【解析】句意：这个问题如果拖着不解决的话会引起更严重的问题。 考查省略句。此处是省略句，省略了it is，根据“This problem may lead to more serious ones if ... unsolved.”可知，问题是要“被”解决的，排除AD，remain是不及物动词，无被动形式，用left符合语境。故选B。 32．A 【解析】句意：——昨天谁打扫了教室？——我想是凯文打扫的。 考查一般过去时的助动词和省略句。did做了；does做；cleaned打扫了；cleans打扫。根据“Who cleaned the classroom yesterday?”可知，句中时态为一般过去时，为了避免重复，此处使用did代替cleaned the classroom。故选A。 33．D 【解析】句意：——你家每天谁洗衣服？——我姐姐洗。 考查省略句。询问“你家每天谁洗衣服”，时态为一般现在时，答语“My sister...”为了避免重复提到“washes clothes”，用助动词“does”来代替进行简略回答，完整形式应为“My sister washes clothes every day.”。故选D。 34．D 【解析】句意：——谁每天在你家做饭？——我妈妈做。 考查省略句。该句为省略句，原句应该是“My mother cooks dinner in my home every day”且句中有实义动词“cooks”，为避免重复，因此用助动词does代替动词短语cooks dinner。故选D。 35．D 【解析】句意：——你家里谁喜欢打排球？——我哥哥喜欢打排球。 考查省略句。分析句子结构可知，回答句是省略句，省略了与前一句相同的部分“likes volleyball”，只保留了主语“My brother”。因为“My brother”是第三人称单数，所以空白处应选择一个与第三人称单数主语搭配使用的谓语动词。故选D。 36．D 【解析】句意：我叔叔和婶婶喜欢钓鱼，但他们的儿子杰克不喜欢。 考查主谓一致和助动词。第一空主语是复数概念，谓语动词用原形，排除B；第二空是省略用法，前面的like是实义动词，所以此处要用助动词，排除A；结合but可知，此处表示转折，说明杰克不喜欢，应用doesn’t。故选D。 37．D 【解析】句意：——你经常在电视上看京剧吗？——没有，但我奶奶常看。 考查省略句。根据问句中的助动词“do”可知，答句也应使用助动词来代替前文的动词“enjoy”，以避免重复，主语grandma为单数，应使用does。故选D。 38．D 【解析】句意：起初，她不喜欢数学，但是现在她喜欢了。 考查助动词的用法。根据“At first”可知，前一句是讲述过去的事情，句子要用一般过去时，否定句借助于助动词didn’t，排除B和C选项。根据“now”可知，后一句用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，肯定句用助动词does。故选D。 39．C 【解析】句意：当步行去学校时，我看到了一起交通事故。 考查省略句。当when引导的时间状语从句和主句的主语一致时，常常可以省略从句的主语和be动词，when后直接跟名词、形容词、现在分词、介词短语等。分析题干可知，前一句的逻辑主语和后一句的主语一致，都是I，前一句的完整形式为：When I was walking to school，其中“I was”可省略。故选C。 40．B 【解析】句意：建立绿色学校有许多方法。例如，我们可以从节约水电开始。 At first首先；For example例如；In public在公共场合；As usual像往常一样。根据“There are many ways to build a green school.”以及“we can start by saving water and electricity.”可知，此处表示举例，应填For example。 二、 1 41．children’s 42．more 43．an 44．came 45．really 46．meaningful 47．to raise 48．are given 49．in 50．If 【解析】本文介绍了中国著名的公益组织——希望工程，自1989年以来它一直改变着贫困儿童的生活，帮助他们获得教育，同时介绍了志愿者在希望工程中发挥的作用以及人们可以参与的帮助方式。 41．句意：希望工程，中国最著名的公益组织之一，自1989年以来一直改变着孩子们的生活。此处需用名词所有格修饰名词lives，children的所有格形式为children’s，表示“孩子们的”，用于体现“孩子们的生活”这一所属关系。 42．句意：这些学校不仅为学生提供更好的教室和更多的书籍，还为他们提供更丰富多彩的课外活动，比如美术课和科学俱乐部。结合前文的better（更好的）可知，此处需用many的比较级more，表示“更多的”，与better构成并列，体现学校提供的资源比以往更好、更多。 43．句意：例如，李梅，一个来自小村庄的11岁女孩，因为这个项目获得了学习的机会。此处需用不定冠词修饰单数名词girl，11-year-old是以元音音素开头的单词，因此用an，表示“一个”，用于泛指一名11岁的女孩。 44．句意：“自从我来到这所新学校，我的生活变得更幸福了，”她说。since引导的时间状语从句中，主句用现在完成时，从句需用一般过去时，come的过去式为came，因此填came。 45．句意：志愿者在希望工程中发挥着非常重要的作用。此处需用副词修饰形容词important，real的副词形式为really，表示“非常、真正地”，用于强调志愿者作用的重要性。 46．句意：许多学生主动参加这项有意义的活动，一些志愿者选择在学校教一两年书。此处需用形容词修饰名词activity，meaning的形容词形式为meaningful，表示“有意义的”，用于描述这项活动的性质。 47．句意：其他人努力工作，通过慈善义卖或线上活动筹集资金。此处需用动词不定式作目的状语，即“努力工作的目的是筹集资金”，因此填to raise。 48．句意：每年，全国人民都会捐赠数百万本书来帮助这些学校。主语millions of books（数百万本书）与谓语动词give（捐赠）之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；根据every year可知，句子用一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态结构为am/is/are+过去分词，主语是复数，因此用are given，give的过去分词为given。 49．句意：你也可以加入不同的活动来提供帮助！join in是固定搭配，意为“加入（活动）”，此处表示加入不同的活动，因此填in。 50．句意：如果你想让世界变得更美好，加入希望工程，让你的爱发光，因为每个人的努力都很重要！此处需用连词引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，结合语境可知填If，用于引导“想让世界变美好”这一条件。 2 51．a 52．to go 53．called 54．twice 55．and 56．In 57．visitors 58．were shown 59．really 60．friendly 【解析】本文是Julie的自述，讲述了她为实现成为护士的梦想参与志愿者工作的经历，以及这段经历带给她的收获与成长。 51．句意：当我还是个小孩子的时候，我的梦想是在一家医院工作。空格后为可数名词单数hospital，此处泛指“一家医院”，且hospital以辅音音素开头，需搭配不定冠词。符合要求的不定冠词为a。 52．句意：去年夏天，我决定去做这件事。句中存在固定搭配decide to do sth，意为“决定做某事”，因此空格处需填go的动词不定式形式to go。 53．句意：几天后，博物馆打电话给我，说我被录用为志愿者了。本句描述去年夏天发生的过去事件，需用一般过去时，call的过去式为called。 54．句意：7月10日，我开始每周轮班两次，每次两小时。此处要表达“一周两次”的频率，需用表示频率的副词twice。 55．句意：我帮助访客体验团队迎接访客并且做些调查。welcome people和do some surveys 是两个并列的动作，均为“我”协助团队完成的工作，需用并列连词连接两个动作。符合要求的并列连词为and。 56．句意：在十一月，我加入了“帮扶老人”项目。空格后为月份November，表示“在某个月份”需用介词，且介词位于句首首字母需大写。符合要求的介词为In。 57．句意：每个工作日都有一些老年访客。空格前有some，some后接可数名词时需用复数形式，visitor的复数形式为visitors。 58．句意：当他们被带领着参观博物馆的时候我的工作是照顾这些老人。主语they指代the elderly，和show之间是被动关系，即“老人被带领参观”，且事件发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语为复数，be动词用were，show的过去分词为shown，因此填were shown。 59．句意：在博物馆做志愿者的几个月里，我感到真的很开心。空格后为形容词happy，修饰形容词需用副词，real的副词形式为really。 60．句意：那里的志愿者都非常友好。空格位于be动词were之后作表语，需用形容词，friend的形容词形式为friendly，意为“友好的”。 3 61．really 62．illnesses 63．discovered 64．to make 65．cheapest 66．third 67．their 68．useful 69．researcher 70．studying 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阿司匹林的古老起源、中药对现代医药的贡献，以屠呦呦为例讲述传统中医药的价值，以及如今西方医学界对传统中医药的重视。 61．句意：但是阿司匹林真的是一种现代药物吗？ 该处需副词，在句中作状语修饰整个句子；形容词real的副词形式为really，故填really。 62．句意：在公元前4世纪，一种由树皮制成的药物被用来治疗发烧、感冒等疾病。 该处需名词复数，作动词treat的宾语；空后列举了发烧、感冒，均为疾病，illness 表示具体的“疾病”时为可数名词，文中列举多种疾病，故需变为复数illnesses，故填illnesses。 63．句意：欧洲科学家发现这两种药物含有相同的化学物质。 该处需动词，在句中作谓语；本段讲述过去的历史，时态为一般过去时，discover的过去式为discovered，故填discovered。 64．句意：他们用这种化学物质研制出了现代药物 —— 阿司匹林。 该处需动词不定式，构成固定搭配use sth. to do sth.（用某物做某事），make的不定式形式为to make，故填to make。 65．句意：如今，它是世界上最便宜、效果最好的药物之一。 该处需形容词最高级；固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，and 连接并列最高级，cheap的最高级为cheapest，故填 cheapest。 66．句意：在公元前3世纪，一些人开始研究人体。 该处需序数词，修饰名词century，构成固定结构“the + 序数词 +century”，表示“几世纪”；基数词three的序数词为third，故填third。 67．句意：他们尝试了许多不同的方法治疗病人，并记录下他们的研究结果。 该处需形容词性物主代词，修饰名词results；人称代词they的形容词性物主代词为their，故填their。 68．句意：两千多年来，医生们把他们发现的有用的信息记录在书中。 该处需形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词information；名词use的形容词形式为useful（有用的），故填 useful。 69．句意：中国医药研究者屠呦呦发现，在过去人们用一种开黄花的草药来治疗发烧。 该处需名词，表达身份“研究者”；research对应的职业名词为researcher，故填researcher。 70．句意：在研究它之后，她研制出了药物，拯救了数百万濒临死亡的人。介词after后面必须接动词的动名词形式，study（研究）的动名词为studying，故填studying。 三、 71．What’s more important 【解析】原句中“更为重要的是”是关键词，表达“更为重要的是”的短语是What’s more important。故填What’s；more；important。 72． what’s more 【解析】原句中“而且”是关键词，表示“而且”的副词短语是what’s more，在句中作插入语，表示递进关系。 73．Sure, I’d love to 【解析】原句中“当然，我很乐意。”是关键句。表示“当然”的表达为Sure，注意首字母大写；当用“Would you like…”发出邀请时，表示“我很乐意”的肯定回答为I’d love to。 74． facing difficulties say to ourselves 【解析】when doing sth.“当做某事时”，face difficulties“面对困难”；say to oneself“对自己说”，主语为we，反身代词用ourselves，情态动词should后加动词原形。故填facing difficulties；say to ourselves。 75． What/How about 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“(你)呢”，对应的英语表达是what about you或者how about you，空后已有you。故填What/How；about。 76． no see 【解析】中英文对照可知，用long time no see表示“很长时间没见面了”，属于常见的问候句型。故填no；see。 77． give up give up 【解析】原句中“放弃”是关键词，表示“放弃”的短语是give up。本句为否定祈使句，Don’t后接动词原形。give up为“动词+副词”型短语，名词宾语your hope可置于短语中间或之后，两种结构均正确。 78． did enjoy ourselves 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“的确玩得很高兴”。enjoy oneself“玩得很高兴”，主语是We，对应的反身代词为ourselves。结合句意可知，此处句子是一般过去时，故“的确”需用助动词did表示强调语气，did后接动词原形，放在enjoy ourselves之前，构成“did + 动词原形”的强调结构。故填did；enjoy；ourselves。 79． So it is 【解析】“so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词”表示“确实如此”，根据“the population in developing countries is growing faster”可知，此处应用代词it指代“发展中国家的人口增长得更快”这件事情，句子采用一般现在时，谓语be动词应用is。故填So；it；is。 80． feel upset with 【解析】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“对……感到失望”；feel upset with“对……感到失望”，根据空前的“do”可知，此处用动词原形。故填feel；upset；with。 81． Here menu fish soup vegetable soup I’d like 【解析】原句中“给您菜单”“鱼汤”“蔬菜汤”“我想要”是关键词。表示“给您菜单”的英文是Here is a menu，注意句首首字母要大写；表示“鱼汤”的英文是fish soup；表示“蔬菜汤”的英文是vegetable soup；表示“我想要”的英文是I’d like。 82． neither did I 【解析】根据句意及空处可知，缺少“我也没有”的表达。“Jack didn’t go...”是否定句，表达“某人也没有做某事”需用固定结构“neither+助动词+sb”；“neither”用于承接否定情况，指代前文的“没去剧院”，且前半句时态为一般过去时（didn’t go），因此助动词用 did；此处指代“我”，主语用 I。故填neither；did；I。 83． On the banks of lies 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“……的岸边”和“位于”，“……岸边”需用一个介词短语，“on the banks”表示“……岸边”，此部分表达“在黄河岸边”，也就是“黄河岸边”，用“on the banks of the Yellow River”，因为“on the banks”放句首，首字母需大写“On the banks”，因为此句是表达“在黄河的岸边”，是表达“……的岸边”，还需要一个介词“of”表示“……的”。“lie”表示“位于”，动词，因此此句是倒装句，此句的主语是“a city”，可数名词的单数，因此此处的“lie”需用第三人称单数“lies”。故填On；the；banks；of；lies。 84． really so are theirs 【原文】原句中“真的”和“他们的也如此”是关键词，“真的”修饰形容词“cool”，可用副词really；“他们的”指代“他们的滑板”，要用名词性物主代词theirs代替their skateboards；“也如此”常用倒装结构so are，表示前面的情况也适用于后者。故填really；so；are；theirs。 85． did I realize/realise 【解析】原句中“我才意识到”是关键词。“only when...”置于句首时，主句需部分倒装（助动词提前）。原句时态为一般过去时（failed），因此助动词用did，后接主语I和动词原形realize/realise。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $