Unit 5 Good manners 单元话题选词填空+阅读回答问题+阅读填表组合练15篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册核心题型讲通练透（译林版）

**基本信息** 围绕“礼仪”主题，整合选词填空、阅读问答、阅读填表三类题型共15篇练习，聚焦跨文化礼仪知识与语言运用能力，渗透文化意识与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |选词填空|5篇|方框词语境运用，需变形且含多余选项|从礼仪行为（握手、餐桌礼仪）到文化词汇（custom, culture）的层级运用| |阅读回答问题|5篇|答案限5-10词，考查细节定位与概括|以跨文化礼仪案例（牙齿习俗、拜访礼仪）为载体，训练信息提取| |阅读填表|5篇|原文信息提取填空，每空一词或限定词数|对比不同文化礼仪（英美差异、中西礼仪），培养归纳与逻辑思维|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语核心题型讲通练透系列资料，名师甄选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语核心题型讲通练透系列资料，名师甄选！ Unit 5 Good manners 单元话题选词填空+阅读回答问题+阅读填表组合练15篇 (   精   练   导   航 ) 目录 一、选词填空5篇 1 二、阅读回答问题5篇 5 三、阅读填表5篇 13 (   主   题   阅   读 ) 一、选词填空5篇 阅读下面短文，然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使短文在结构、语意和逻辑上正确。（提示：方框中有两个单词或短语是多余的。） slowly \ suddenly \ stays \ more than \ safety \ check out \ reach out The handshake is one of the most popular greetings in the world. Do you know where it comes from? Long ago, people used to carry weapons for 1 . When two men met and wanted to show they were friendly, they would 2 their right hands and touch each other’s palms. This showed they had no weapons and meant no harm. Later, this action 3 became a custom. Now, the handshake is 4 a sign of trust. It shows respect, politeness and warmth. People shake hands when meeting, saying goodbye or making agreements. Different countries have small differences, but the warm meaning 5 the same. It is a simple but important body language all over the world. 将选项中所给单词的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 formal   curry   important   palm   bow Communication is the key in today’s world. When communicating with people from different cultures, it’s 1 to understand their greetings and ways of speaking. For example, in some cultures, shaking hands might be 2 and polite. But in others, people might 3 to each other when they meet for the first time. Sharing some special food like 4 in India and pizza in Italy can also help build connections, as it shows respect for different food preferences (偏爱). Using body language, such as an open 5 , can express trust. By learning these cultural rules, we can communicate well and avoid misunderstandings. 阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。    custom   importantly   elbow   instead   unless When traveling abroad, it’s important to understand some cultural 1 . In many Western countries, body language plays a role in communication. For example, placing your 2 on the table during a meal is often considered impolite. 3 , respecting personal space is key. It’s better to stand a bit farther away 4 of getting too close. These cultural norms may seem strange at first, but following them shows your respect for the local culture. 5 you make an effort to learn and adapt, you won’t have a more enjoyable experience during your travels. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 阅读下面短文，用方框中所给的单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文在结构、语意和逻辑上正确。（提示：方框中有一个单词或短语是多余的。） one another,     finish,      care about,    polite,    even though,   tasty Different families have different table manners. When we have meals with our family or friends, we should always follow some common rules. It is 1 to talk with food in our mouth or make a lot of noise at the table. Usually, people in China share dishes, while Western people may eat their own food. 2 different countries have different eating habits, we should always respect them. At home, we should learn to 3 our family members. We should wait for everyone to sit down before eating. We should also finish our food happily and not leave the table at once.    What’s more, home-made food is usually clean and 4 . When we eat together, we should thank our parents for their hard work. Learning good table manners can help us understand and love 5 better and make our family life warm and happy. 用方框中所给词或短语的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 shake     embarrassed     India     custom      culture Last week, I went to an 1 friend’s home. I felt a little confused because I didn’t know the 2 . When I met his parents, I wanted to 3 hands, but they put their palms together and said “namaste”. I felt 4 , but they smiled and taught me. It was a good lesson about 5 differences! 二、阅读回答问题5篇 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过5个单词。 Emily Post was born in Maryland but moved to New York when she was still a child. At the beginning of the 20th century, she began to write books and articles for magazines. She wrote Etiquette, a book about good manners, in 1922. In the 1930s, she had her own radio programme and began to write newspaper articles on this subject. Her articles were very popular, and she continued to write them until she died. To Emily Post, good manners can be learnt. She had advice on how to behave in every situation. However, her best advice was to be yourself. For example, some people in the West want to fit into other groups by changing the way they speak. Unfortunately, this does not help them fit in. Instead, it often just makes them seem strange. While we should all have good manners, we do not have to be exactly like someone else. 1．Where was Emily Post born? . 2．What was Emily Post’s book Etiquette about?   . 3．What was Emily Post’s best advice on how to behave in every situation? . 4．What do some people in the West change to try to fit into other groups? . 5．When did she write Etiquette? . Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child’s teeth fall out. In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof (屋顶) of a house in order to get a new tooth. In other Asian countries, such as China and Japan, children follow a similar tradition of throwing lost teeth on the roofs of houses. Birds aren’t the only animals to take lost teeth. In Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking teeth away. Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered as guardians (守护者) of the people. Tradition says that the new tooth will be in good and strong condition if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian. So parents in Mongolia always put their child’s lost tooth in the fat of a piece of meat and feed it to a dog. The idea of giving lost teeth to a guardian is also a tradition in the West. Many children in Western countries expect the Tooth Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth. The exact origin (起源) of the Tooth Fairy is a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago. According to the tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow (枕头) before going to bed. In the very early hours of the morning, while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth away and leaves something else under the pillow. In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift or candies. Children love these surprises very much. In the United States, however , the Tooth Fairy usually leaves money. That can add up to a lot of money from the Tooth Fairy! 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Where do people throw lost teeth in order to get a new tooth in Korea? 2．What do parents in Mongolia always feed the meat with their child’s lost tooth to? 3．When did the story the Tooth Fairy probably begin in England or Ireland? 4．What does the Tooth Fairy leave in France? 5．Which way do you like best? Why? I was driving to my office for a meeting with an important new client (客户). Bo Chen, a Chinese culture expert for the training, arrived early. His advice was very important for the day’s success. Confident and knowledgeable, Chen was perfect for the job. I asked him to prepare business examples, and he gladly agreed. My client arrived. Taking a deep breath, I began the introduction. As the morning went by, I explained each part of the main problems, answered the questions, and carefully kept an eye on Chen so I could make sure his advice was shared. But Chen didn’t seem to have any advice. After finishing the first part, I paused briefly and looked to him for his advice, but he didn’t speak up. He didn’t open his mouth, move his body forward, or raise his hand. Clearly, he had no example to provide. Not wanting to embarrass Chen or to create an uncomfortable situation by asking him to speak when he was not ready, I simply continued with my next point. To my growing disappointment (失望), Chen remained silent. He nodded politely while I was speaking, but that was all; he used no other body language to show any reactions, good or bad. I gave every example I could think of and continued for three full hours. I felt helpless. I needed his advice for the program to succeed. Finally, I decided to take a chance. “Bo,” I said with a smile, “please share some of your examples with us!” Then Chen sat up straight in his chair, smiled confidently at the client, and opened up his notebook, which was filled with pages of notes. “Thank you, Erin.” he replied. “All right.” And then, to my great comfort, Chen began to explain clear and amazing examples one after another. The truth is that the story of Silent Bo is a story of culture, not personality. But it is not as simple as you might think. 1．Did Bo Chen give any advice at the beginning of the meeting? 2．When did Bo Chen start to share his opinions? 3．Why did Erin feel helpless during the meeting? 4．Do people in different cultures think differently about silence? Give one example from your knowledge or experience. September is a big month for students in China since the new term begins from now on. In ancient China, the school entrance ceremony (入学典礼) was one of the most important ceremonies. Children began school between the ages of 4-7 in ancient China. Since there was no certain time to begin a new term at that time, the most important thing for parents was to choose a lucky day for their children to enter school. Next, parents would prepare some school things for their children, including desks, chairs and four treasures of the study. In ancient times, teachers were usually very knowledgeable local persons. Parents would prepare many gifts, and then write a letter of invitation to ask a knowledgeable man to be their children’s teacher. On the day their children entered school, parents would take them to take part in the First Writing Ceremony. Before that, children would kowtow (叩头) to the statue of Confucius (孔子像) 9 times and then to their teacher 3 times to show their deep respect (尊敬). During the ceremony, the teacher would put a red point on the students’ forehead (前额) as it meant opening the wisdom eye. Children would also ring a certain bell to start a new term. After that, they could finally sit down in their seats and begin to study. The First Writing Ceremony was a very important ceremony for every student. Every day, students would arrive at school earlier than their teacher, and kowtow to the statue of Confucius, and then go back to the seats. Usually the teacher would give every student a new name, which was used for future Imperial Examination (科举考试). Today, some schools are starting to hold an entrance ceremony like they did in ancient times. Students put on traditional costumes and kowtow to the statue of Confucius and their teachers. This means that from this moment, they take a step in the lifelong journey of learning. 1．What did parents prepare for children to enter school in ancient China? 2．Why would children kowtow to the statue of Confucius and their teacher before the First Writing Ceremony? 3．What would children do during the First Writing Ceremony? 4．What do you think of the school entrance ceremony? And why? 阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过10个单词。 Travelling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier. We live in a global village, but this doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way. How should we behave when you meet someone for the first time? An American shakes your hand firmly while looking you straight in the eye. In many parts of Asia, there is no physical contact at all. In Japan, you should bow (鞠躬), and the more respect you want to show, the deeper you should bow. In Thailand, people greet each other by pressing both hands together at the chest (双手合十在胸前). In both countries, eye contact is avoided as a sign of respect. Many countries have rules about what you should and shouldn’t wear. In a Muslim country, women should wear long blouses and skirts. In Korea, you should take off your shoes when entering a house. Remember to place them neatly together where you came in. In Spain, lunch is often the biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours. So many people eat a light breakfast and a late dinner. In Mexico, lunch is a time to relax, and many people don’t discuss business as they eat. In Britain, it’s not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast. In most countries, an exchange of business cards is necessary for all introductions. You should include your company name and your position. If you are going to a country where your language is not widely spoken, you can get the back side of your card printed in the local language. In China, you may present your card with the writing facing the person you are giving it to. 1．How do people in Thailand show respect when greeting each other? 2．What does a woman have to wear in a Muslim country? 3．How long does lunch often last in Spain? 4．What should we pay attention to when we live in a global village? 5．Is it important to know different manners in the global village? Why or why not? 三、阅读填表5篇 American and British people both speak English of course. But sometimes it does not seem like the same language. In fact, there are some important differences between British English and American English. First of all, they sound very different. Often, Americans don’t say each word separately. They say several words together. Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I don’t know.” Or they may say “Whaddya say?” instead of “What did you say?” However, the British are more careful in their speech. They usually say all the words and keep them separate. Sound is not only the difference between British English and American English. Words sometimes have different meanings too. Some American words are never used in England. The same thing is true of some British words in America. For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different. Americans drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries. Many expressions are also different in the two countries. In England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you “phone them up”. In America, you “give them a call”. When you are saying goodbye in England you might say “Cheerio!” In America you might say “See you later.” There’re also some differences in grammar. For example, Americans usually use the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. They say “Do you have a storybook?” But the British often leave out the helping verb. They say “Have you a storybook?” All these differences can be confusing (易混淆的) if you are learning English. But most languages are like this. Languages change over time. When people live in separate places, the languages change in different ways. Differences between British English and American English British English American English. Sound The British are more 1 in their speech. They usually say all the words and 2 them separate. American people often say 3 words together. They don’t say each 4 separately. 5 People drive lorries in England. People drive 6 in America. Expressions If the British want to telephone their friends, they’ll “7 them up”. If the Americans want to telephone their friends, they’ll “give them a 8”. 9 British people often leave out the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. Americans usually 10 the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. 根据所读内容，在文章后的空格内填入恰当的内容（1-8题每空一词，第9题词数不限。） If you decide to go to England for further study, you should get to know it in advance. England is the biggest of the four countries in the United Kingdom. Together with Scotland and Wales, these three countries form the island of Great Britain. When you include Northern Ireland, we call it the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Over 50 million people live in England and that’s around 80 per cent of the total UK population (人口). It is a multicultural (多种文化的) country where over 250 languages are spoken in the capital city, London. Laws and political decisions in England are made by the Parliament (议会) of the United Kingdom. Language The official language of England is English. Many students go to England from other countries to study the language and learn about the culture. Everyone speaks English, but there are many different accents (口音) all over the country. Music English people love music. In summer, there are music festivals all over the country, like those at Glastonbury or Leeds. Glastonbury is a five-day festival of music, dance, comedy, theatre and circus (马戏团) and around 175,000 people go. People listen to all types of music and they have a special interest in pop and rock. England has produced many international groups and singers like the Beatles, Coldplay, Ed Sheeran and Adele. Sport The most popular sports in England are football, rugby and cricket and most towns have a sports ground where teams can play. English football teams like Manchester United, Chelsea and Liverpool are famous all over the world. Women’s football is also popular and teams play in leagues and competitions all over the country. Food England is a very multicultural country and this causes a big change to the way people eat. Indian, Chinese and Italian cuisines (菜肴) are popular alternatives to traditional English food like fish and chips and roast beef. Many English people drink several cups of tea every day, usually with milk. Getting to know England Basic information *You should get to know England before making a 1 to study there. *The UK actually 2 England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. *No body  3 the Parliament (议会) of the United Kingdom have the right to make laws and political decisions in England. *People 4 more than 250 languages in London.5 everyone speaks English, there are many accents. *There’re music festivals around the country in summer. *People like listening to all types of music, 6 pop and rock. *Many English football teams, like Liverpool, are 7 all over the world. *As a multicultural country, it makes a big change to people’s 8 habits. Your opinion What’s your favourite part of English culture in the passage? Why? 9 请认真阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡相应线上。 注意:每个空格只填1个单词。 Teaching good manners can seem like a lot of work, but it is as important as brushing teeth twice a day. Actually, just give time and any child can learn to be polite. Here are some tips on how to help kids remember good manners in their daily life. Sometimes children may be willing to listen to someone instead of their parents. Turn to friends, family, and teachers and encourage them to practice good manners at all times. If an uncle burps (打嗝) at the dinner table, have him say “Excuse me.” or “Pardon me.” “If your children jump on the sofa at Grandma’s house, have her explain that jumping on furniture is impolite. This shows that a different person can be more effective (有效的) than the same one who is heard all the time. If no one plays down (对……轻描淡写) bad manners, your kids won’t either. Prepare for different situations in which your kids need to behave politely. If you’re in your backyard where a child has been on the swings (秋千) too long, he doesn’t notice others waiting. Show how you would politely ask the child to give everyone else a turn. With practice, your child will have the confidence to deal with any situation with politeness and good manners. Family dinners are perfect situations for practicing table manners, such as learning how to use utensils (餐具), eating properly, your child has a chance to experience and eat new foods in a safe environment. This will encourage him to be open and excited about new dishes and situations. If he doesn’t like the food, teach him how to refuse it without complaining about it. Advise him to eat his favourite food in small and slow bites with practice. When my child used to point out someone’s bad manners, I would ask him what that person should have done differently. Talk about different situations, ask what words he can use to sound polite when talking to an adult.  Ask your child to share his ideas with you. Encourage him to practice them as soon as possible and ask him to report what happens and if the result is good. 1 to Practice Good Manners Get others to help ▶Children may accept others’ advice more 2 . ▶A different person can do 3 work than the same one who is always heard. Role-play situations ▶Help kids to 4 good manners in different situations.   ▶In this way, kids will be 5 to deal with any situation. Eat dinner as a family ▶Teach kids to use utensils, eat and talk 6 .   ▶Tell kids not to 7 about the food they dislike.   8 to your child’s ideas ▶Ask your child 9 he thinks of someone’s bad manners.   ▶Discuss with your child and encourage him to put his ideas into 10 in different situations. Are you sure what to do if an American friend invites you to visit his family and you’ve never been to an American’s home before? Should you take a gift? What should you dress? When should you arrive? Glad you asked. What good manners should you have when you’re the guest in an American family? The question of whether or not to bring a gift often troubles guests. In American culture, a guest is not forced to bring a present. Of course, some people do bring some small gifts to their hosts. Proper gifts generally might be flowers, candy or—if the family has small children—toys. If you choose not to bring a gift, don’t worry. No one will even notice that. What manners should you pay attention to when you are invited to a dinner? For most informal (非正式的) dinners, you should wear everyday clothes. Plan to arrive on time, or call to tell your hosts about the delay(延迟). During the dinner conversation, it’s customary to compliment (称赞) the hosts about the wonderful meal. Of course, the biggest compliment is to eat lots of food to show you enjoy it! When you’ve had plenty, you might offer to clear the table or wash the dishes. But since you’re the guest, your hosts may not let you do that. Instead, they may invite you to move to the living room for dessert with tea or coffee. After about an hour of general talking, it’s probably time to head for the door (向门口走去). Americans usually like to have advance notice (提前通知) when people come to see them. Only very close friends drop by (顺便来访) without any notice. This is especially true if the guests want to stay for a few days. Even relatives don’t usually stay for several weeks at a time. Here’s some good advice for house guests: Short stays are the best. While you’re staying with an American family, try to keep your living area clean and tidy. Your host family will be thankful for your consideration (体贴). And they may even invite you back! How to be 1 as a guest in an American family Gift ☆Proper gifts: flowers, candy or toys. ☆2 present is also OK. Manners for dinner Before the dinner ☆Try to arrive on time. ☆If you can’t 3 being late, let your hosts know. ☆Wear 4 clothes. During the dinner ☆Compliment the hosts about the wonderful meal. ☆5 the meal. 6 the dinner ☆Offer to do some cleaning work, though your hosts may not let you do that. ☆7 after about an hour after dinner. A 8 stay ☆Try not to give unexpected visits or stay. ☆Remember short stays are the 9. ☆Keep your living area clean and tidy. Your host family will 10 you for your consideration. 阅读下面材料，根据材料内容完成后面表格，每空填一个单词。 It is impossible to name all Chinese customs in a single article. Even so, in this passage we bring you several Chinese customs and traditions that you should know. Here we go! Chinese usually do not show their feelings openly, also avoiding any unnecessary body touch. The Chinese see badly that people kiss each other on the face, even if they are women. In fact, shaking hands was also not so acceptable in the past. For them it is enough to make a small nod when greeting. As the country gradually (逐渐地) lets Western traditions in, people are used to shaking hands to greet. Many food manners must be followed strictly at meals. Some details should be paid much attention to by both guests and hosts. In China, the older guests are always seated first, and then others can take their seats. Food manners are also very important. You should never serve yourself a drink. It should be served by someone else. Chopsticks should never be placed upwards in food. And to eat, never put your mouth away from your own bowl. The Chinese have the habit and skill of being able to sleep anywhere at any time. It doesn’t matter if it’s on the break from work, in the middle of the street or waiting in a supermarket. This Chinese custom has nothing to do with laziness, quite the opposite. In China, sleeping for a short time in public places is considered a symbol of effort. For example, thousands and millions of netizens (网民) will give a photo of a sleeping doctor in the corner of the operating room a “like” to show their respect to the doctor. So, this person has been putting a lot of effort into his work and it is right that he should sleep as he likes. Many of you have already known it’s polite not to open gifts in public. But that’s not the only important thing to know when receiving gifts in China. For example, the Chinese will always refuse your gift up to three times to show they are well educated. But in the end, they’re willing to accept it. And remember not to receive the gift with only one hand. Chinese Customs and Traditions Not showing their feelings openly There’s no 1 to have body touch while greeting. ◆People dislike kissing on each other’s faces. ◆Shaking hands is gradually 2 because of the influence of Western traditions. 3 food manners strictly It makes sure guests and hosts feel comfortable at table. ◆Older guests get seated first. ◆Don’t serve yourself a drink. It should be served by someone else 4. ◆Don’t place chopsticks upwards. ◆Keep your mouth 5 to your own bowl. Sleeping carelessly It has something to do with effort. ◆It’s not 6 to see Chinese sleeping in some public places, like offices, streets, supermarkets and so on. ◆A photo of a sleeping doctor in the corner of the operating room 7 quickly and wildly online. The sleeping doctor is considered to have the right because he is too tired at work. Receiving gifts 8 It is important to know how to receive gifts. ◆Don’t open gifts in public. ◆Refuse three times 9 accepting gifts. ◆Use 10 hands to receive gifts. 12 立足新教材，自学有章法，练习有重点！ 5 立足新教材，自学有章法，练习有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语核心题型讲通练透系列资料，名师甄选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语核心题型讲通练透系列资料，名师甄选！ Unit 5 Good manners 单元话题选词填空+阅读回答问题+阅读填表组合练15篇 (   精   练   导   航 ) 目录 一、选词填空5篇 1 二、阅读回答问题5篇 5 三、阅读填表5篇 13 (   主   题   阅   读 ) 一、选词填空5篇 阅读下面短文，然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使短文在结构、语意和逻辑上正确。（提示：方框中有两个单词或短语是多余的。） slowly \ suddenly \ stays \ more than \ safety \ check out \ reach out The handshake is one of the most popular greetings in the world. Do you know where it comes from? Long ago, people used to carry weapons for 1 . When two men met and wanted to show they were friendly, they would 2 their right hands and touch each other’s palms. This showed they had no weapons and meant no harm. Later, this action 3 became a custom. Now, the handshake is 4 a sign of trust. It shows respect, politeness and warmth. People shake hands when meeting, saying goodbye or making agreements. Different countries have small differences, but the warm meaning 5 the same. It is a simple but important body language all over the world. 【答案】1．safety 2．reach out 3．slowly 4．more than 5．stays 【导语】本文介绍握手礼仪的由来以及流传至今的意义。 1．句意：很久以前，人们会携带武器以保障安全。“carry weapons”提示“safety” 符合语境，携带武器以保障安全。 2．句意：当两人见面并想表示友好时，他们会伸出右手，触碰对方的手掌。“and touch each other’s palms”提示“reach out”符合语境，reach out one’s hands 意为“伸出手”，符合握手动作的描述。 3．句意：后来，这个动作慢慢演变成了一种习俗。“became a custom”提示“slowly”符合语境，表示习俗形成是一个渐进的过程，符合逻辑。 4．句意：如今，握手不仅仅是信任的象征。“It shows respect, politeness and warmth.”提示“more than”符合语境，more than意为“不仅仅”，与下文提到的“尊重、礼貌和温暖”相呼应，说明握手的意义更加丰富。 5．句意：不同国家的握手方式有细微差异，但温暖的含义保持不变。“but”提示语境含有转折的意义， stay the same意为“保持不变”，符合语义“握手方式有细微差异，但温暖的含义保持不变”，主语the warm meaning 是单数，用一般现在时stays 。 将选项中所给单词的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 formal   curry   important   palm   bow Communication is the key in today’s world. When communicating with people from different cultures, it’s 1 to understand their greetings and ways of speaking. For example, in some cultures, shaking hands might be 2 and polite. But in others, people might 3 to each other when they meet for the first time. Sharing some special food like 4 in India and pizza in Italy can also help build connections, as it shows respect for different food preferences (偏爱). Using body language, such as an open 5 , can express trust. By learning these cultural rules, we can communicate well and avoid misunderstandings. 【答案】1．important 2．formal 3．bow 4．curry 5．palm 【导语】本文主要讲述了与不同文化的人交流时，了解其问候、饮食、肢体语言等文化差异很重要，这样能更好沟通、避免误解。 1．句意：在与来自不同文化的人交流时，理解他们的问候方式和说话方式是很重要的。it is+形容词+to do sth是固定句型，此处需要形容词important“重要的”，表达理解不同文化的问候沟通方式很重要。 2．句意：例如，在某些文化中，握手可能是正式且礼貌的。and连接，需要和polite并列的形容词，formal表示“正式的”，符合描述握手这种问候方式的语境。 3．句意：但在其他文化里，人们第一次见面时可能会互相鞠躬。空处位于情态动词might后面，需要动词，bow意为“鞠躬”，是部分文化中常见的见面问候礼仪，符合语境。 4．句意：分享一些特色食物，比如印度的咖喱和意大利的披萨，也有助于建立联系，因为这表现出对不同食物偏好的尊重。like是介词，后面接名词，curry“咖喱”是印度的特色食物，和后文的pizza“披萨”对应。 5．句意：使用肢体语言，比如张开的手掌，可以表达信任。空处描述肢体语言，palm意为“手掌”，张开的手掌可以表达信任，符合语境。 阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。    custom   importantly   elbow   instead   unless When traveling abroad, it’s important to understand some cultural 1 . In many Western countries, body language plays a role in communication. For example, placing your 2 on the table during a meal is often considered impolite. 3 , respecting personal space is key. It’s better to stand a bit farther away 4 of getting too close. These cultural norms may seem strange at first, but following them shows your respect for the local culture. 5 you make an effort to learn and adapt, you won’t have a more enjoyable experience during your travels. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 【答案】1．customs 2．elbows 3．Importantly 4．instead 5．Unless 【导语】本文主要讲述出国旅行时理解文化习俗的重要性，以及西方国家在肢体语言、个人空间等方面的文化规范，倡导“入乡随俗”。 1．句意：当在国外旅行时，了解一些文化习俗很重要。空前有形容词cultural修饰，此处需用名词；应用custom“习俗”，可数名词，用复数形式customs表泛指。 2．句意：例如，吃饭时把肘部放在桌上通常被认为是不礼貌的。空前有形容词性物主代词your修饰，此处需用名词；应用elbow“肘部”，用餐时通常指双肘，因此用复数elbows。 3．句意：重要的是，尊重个人空间是关键。空处位于句首，需用副词修饰整个句子；应用importantly“重要的是”，位于句首首字母应大写。 4．句意：站得远一点而不是靠得太近更好。空后有介词of，应用instead构成短语instead of“而不是”，符合句子“远一点而不是靠得太近”的逻辑和语法结构。 5．句意：除非你努力学习并适应，否则你在旅行中不会有更愉快的经历。空处引导条件状语从句，应用unless“除非”，符合“不努力学习并适应就不会有愉快体验”的逻辑关系，位于句首首字母应大写。 阅读下面短文，用方框中所给的单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文在结构、语意和逻辑上正确。（提示：方框中有一个单词或短语是多余的。） one another,     finish,      care about,    polite,    even though,   tasty Different families have different table manners. When we have meals with our family or friends, we should always follow some common rules. It is 1 to talk with food in our mouth or make a lot of noise at the table. Usually, people in China share dishes, while Western people may eat their own food. 2 different countries have different eating habits, we should always respect them. At home, we should learn to 3 our family members. We should wait for everyone to sit down before eating. We should also finish our food happily and not leave the table at once.    What’s more, home-made food is usually clean and 4 . When we eat together, we should thank our parents for their hard work. Learning good table manners can help us understand and love 5 better and make our family life warm and happy. 【答案】1．impolite 2．even though 3．care about 4．tasty 5．one another 【导语】本文围绕不同家庭的餐桌礼仪展开，介绍了中外家庭在饮食习惯上的差异，强调了餐桌礼仪的重要性。文章告诉我们，要尊重不同的用餐习惯，关心家人，文明用餐，共同营造温馨和睦的家庭氛围。 1．句意：嘴里含着食物说话或在餐桌上制造很多噪音是不礼貌的。“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”为固定句型，此处描述不文明的餐桌行为，故需使用polite的反义词impolite（不礼貌的）。 2．句意：即使不同的国家有不同的饮食习惯，我们也应该尊重它们。本句为让步状语从句，空格后为完整句子，even though（即使，虽然）符合句意和语法。 3．句意：在家里，我们应该学会关心我们的家庭成员。learn to do sth.为固定搭配，to后接动词原形，care about（关心，在意）符合语境。 4．句意：而且，家里做的食物通常干净又美味的。and连接并列形容词，修饰前面的food，tasty（美味的）符合句意。 5．句意：学习良好的餐桌礼仪可以帮助我们更好地理解和爱护彼此，让我们的家庭生活温暖幸福。one another（互相，彼此）是固定短语，常用于表示人与人之间的相互关系。 用方框中所给词或短语的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 shake     embarrassed     India     custom      culture Last week, I went to an 1 friend’s home. I felt a little confused because I didn’t know the 2 . When I met his parents, I wanted to 3 hands, but they put their palms together and said “namaste”. I felt 4 , but they smiled and taught me. It was a good lesson about 5 differences! 【答案】1．Indian 2．customs 3．shake 4．embarrassed 5．cultural 【导语】本文讲述了作者去一位印度朋友的家时，因不了解当地习俗而发生的文化差异小故事。 1．句意：上周，我去了一位印度朋友的家。“an…friend’s home”表示“一位印度朋友的家”，需用形容词修饰名词friend。备选词“India”的形容词形式Indian意为“印度的”。 2．句意：我感到有点困惑，因为我不知道这些习俗。“didn’t know the…”表示“不知道这些习俗”，需用名词复数作宾语。备选词“custom”的复数形式customs意为“习俗”。 3．句意：当我见到他的父母时，我想要握手，但他们双手合十并说了“namaste”。“wanted to…hands”中，want to后需用动词原形。备选词“shake”为动词原形，shake hands意为“握手”。 4．句意：我感到尴尬，但他们微笑着教我。“I felt…”中，felt为系动词，后需用形容词作表语，描述人的感受。备选词“embarrassed”为形容词，意为“感到尴尬的”。 5．句意：这是关于文化差异的一堂好课。“about…differences”表示“关于文化差异”，需用形容词修饰名词differences。备选词“culture”的形容词形式cultural意为“文化的”。 二、阅读回答问题5篇 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过5个单词。 Emily Post was born in Maryland but moved to New York when she was still a child. At the beginning of the 20th century, she began to write books and articles for magazines. She wrote Etiquette, a book about good manners, in 1922. In the 1930s, she had her own radio programme and began to write newspaper articles on this subject. Her articles were very popular, and she continued to write them until she died. To Emily Post, good manners can be learnt. She had advice on how to behave in every situation. However, her best advice was to be yourself. For example, some people in the West want to fit into other groups by changing the way they speak. Unfortunately, this does not help them fit in. Instead, it often just makes them seem strange. While we should all have good manners, we do not have to be exactly like someone else. 1．Where was Emily Post born? . 2．What was Emily Post’s book Etiquette about?   . 3．What was Emily Post’s best advice on how to behave in every situation? . 4．What do some people in the West change to try to fit into other groups? . 5．When did she write Etiquette? . 【答案】1．In Maryland. 2．Good manners. 3．Be yourself. 4．The way they speak. 5．In 1922. 【导语】本文介绍了Emily Post的生平和她在礼仪写作、广播、报刊方面的成就，但重点强调了她对“礼貌行为”的最佳建议——不必刻意改变自己（如口音）去迎合他人，真正的礼貌是在学习规范的同时保持真实的自我。 1．根据原文首句“Emily Post was born in Maryland but moved to New York when she was still a child. ”可知她出生于马里兰州。 2．根据第一段中“She wrote Etiquette, a book about good manners, in 1922. ”可知，这本书的主题是 “良好礼仪”。 3．根据第二段中“However, her best advice was to be yourself.”可知，核心建议是“做你自己”。 4．根据第二段中“For example, some people in the West want to fit into other groups by changing the way they speak. ”可知，他们会改变“说话的方式”。 5．根据第一段中“She wrote Etiquette, a book about good manners, in 1922. ”可知，写作时间是 1922 年。 Different cultures follow their own special customs when a child’s teeth fall out. In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof (屋顶) of a house in order to get a new tooth. In other Asian countries, such as China and Japan, children follow a similar tradition of throwing lost teeth on the roofs of houses. Birds aren’t the only animals to take lost teeth. In Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking teeth away. Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered as guardians (守护者) of the people. Tradition says that the new tooth will be in good and strong condition if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian. So parents in Mongolia always put their child’s lost tooth in the fat of a piece of meat and feed it to a dog. The idea of giving lost teeth to a guardian is also a tradition in the West. Many children in Western countries expect the Tooth Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth. The exact origin (起源) of the Tooth Fairy is a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago. According to the tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow (枕头) before going to bed. In the very early hours of the morning, while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth away and leaves something else under the pillow. In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift or candies. Children love these surprises very much. In the United States, however , the Tooth Fairy usually leaves money. That can add up to a lot of money from the Tooth Fairy! 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Where do people throw lost teeth in order to get a new tooth in Korea? 2．What do parents in Mongolia always feed the meat with their child’s lost tooth to? 3．When did the story the Tooth Fairy probably begin in England or Ireland? 4．What does the Tooth Fairy leave in France? 5．Which way do you like best? Why? 【答案】1．On the roof of a house. 2．A dog. 3．Centuries ago. 4．A small gift or candies. 5．I like Tooth Fairy best. Because I can get gifts or money. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，本文介绍了韩国、中国、日本、蒙古、法国、美国等不同国家关于孩子掉落牙齿的不同传统习俗。 1．根据“In Korea, for example, they have the custom of throwing lost teeth up on the roof of a house in order to get a new tooth.”可知，在韩国人们把掉落的牙齿扔到屋顶上。故填On the roof of a house. 2．根据“So parents in Mongolia always put their child’s lost tooth in the fat of a piece of meat and feed it to a dog.”可知，蒙古的父母把包着牙齿的肉喂给狗。故填A dog. 3．根据“The exact origin of the Tooth Fairy is a mystery, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago.”可知，这个故事可能几个世纪前始于英国或爱尔兰。故填Centuries ago. 4．根据“In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift or candies.”可知，在法国牙仙子会留下小礼物或糖果。故填A small gift or candies. 5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。故填I like the Tooth Fairy best. Because I can get gifts or money. I was driving to my office for a meeting with an important new client (客户). Bo Chen, a Chinese culture expert for the training, arrived early. His advice was very important for the day’s success. Confident and knowledgeable, Chen was perfect for the job. I asked him to prepare business examples, and he gladly agreed. My client arrived. Taking a deep breath, I began the introduction. As the morning went by, I explained each part of the main problems, answered the questions, and carefully kept an eye on Chen so I could make sure his advice was shared. But Chen didn’t seem to have any advice. After finishing the first part, I paused briefly and looked to him for his advice, but he didn’t speak up. He didn’t open his mouth, move his body forward, or raise his hand. Clearly, he had no example to provide. Not wanting to embarrass Chen or to create an uncomfortable situation by asking him to speak when he was not ready, I simply continued with my next point. To my growing disappointment (失望), Chen remained silent. He nodded politely while I was speaking, but that was all; he used no other body language to show any reactions, good or bad. I gave every example I could think of and continued for three full hours. I felt helpless. I needed his advice for the program to succeed. Finally, I decided to take a chance. “Bo,” I said with a smile, “please share some of your examples with us!” Then Chen sat up straight in his chair, smiled confidently at the client, and opened up his notebook, which was filled with pages of notes. “Thank you, Erin.” he replied. “All right.” And then, to my great comfort, Chen began to explain clear and amazing examples one after another. The truth is that the story of Silent Bo is a story of culture, not personality. But it is not as simple as you might think. 1．Did Bo Chen give any advice at the beginning of the meeting? 2．When did Bo Chen start to share his opinions? 3．Why did Erin feel helpless during the meeting? 4．Do people in different cultures think differently about silence? Give one example from your knowledge or experience. 【答案】1．No, he didn’t. 2．After Erin invited him to do so. 3．Because Erin needed Bo Chen’s advice for the program to succeed, but Bo Chen kept quiet. 4．Yes. In China, silence is often a sign of respect, like when kids listen quietly to adults. But in other countries, people may think remaining/keeping silent shows one’s disagreement or shyness 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了会议主持人Erin在与重要客户会面时，因中国文化专家Bo Chen在会议前半程始终保持沉默而感到困惑与无助，最终在主动邀请后才获得其精彩建议的故事，揭示了沉默在不同文化背景下可能具有不同含义的主题。 1．根据文中“But Chen didn’t seem to have any advice.”以及“he had no example to provide”可知，会议开始时Bo Chen并未给出任何建议，因此答案为No。 2．根据文中“Finally, I decided to take a chance. ‘Bo,’ I said with a smile, ‘please share some of your examples with us!’ Then Chen sat up straight...and began to explain clear and amazing examples”可知，Bo Chen是在Erin主动邀请之后才开始分享意见的。 3．根据文中“I felt helpless. I needed his advice for the program to succeed.”以及此前Chen始终沉默的描述可知，Erin感到无助的原因是他需要Chen的建议来确保会议成功，而Chen却一直不说话。 4．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一。示例答案指出不同文化对沉默的理解不同：在中国，沉默常被视为尊重的表现；而在其他一些文化中，沉默可能被理解为不同意或害羞。言之成理即可。 September is a big month for students in China since the new term begins from now on. In ancient China, the school entrance ceremony (入学典礼) was one of the most important ceremonies. Children began school between the ages of 4-7 in ancient China. Since there was no certain time to begin a new term at that time, the most important thing for parents was to choose a lucky day for their children to enter school. Next, parents would prepare some school things for their children, including desks, chairs and four treasures of the study. In ancient times, teachers were usually very knowledgeable local persons. Parents would prepare many gifts, and then write a letter of invitation to ask a knowledgeable man to be their children’s teacher. On the day their children entered school, parents would take them to take part in the First Writing Ceremony. Before that, children would kowtow (叩头) to the statue of Confucius (孔子像) 9 times and then to their teacher 3 times to show their deep respect (尊敬). During the ceremony, the teacher would put a red point on the students’ forehead (前额) as it meant opening the wisdom eye. Children would also ring a certain bell to start a new term. After that, they could finally sit down in their seats and begin to study. The First Writing Ceremony was a very important ceremony for every student. Every day, students would arrive at school earlier than their teacher, and kowtow to the statue of Confucius, and then go back to the seats. Usually the teacher would give every student a new name, which was used for future Imperial Examination (科举考试). Today, some schools are starting to hold an entrance ceremony like they did in ancient times. Students put on traditional costumes and kowtow to the statue of Confucius and their teachers. This means that from this moment, they take a step in the lifelong journey of learning. 1．What did parents prepare for children to enter school in ancient China? 2．Why would children kowtow to the statue of Confucius and their teacher before the First Writing Ceremony? 3．What would children do during the First Writing Ceremony? 4．What do you think of the school entrance ceremony? And why? 【答案】1． Desks, chairs and four treasures of the study. 2．To show their deep respect. 3．They would ring a certain bell to start a new term. 4． It’s important. Because it means that students take a step in the lifelong journey of learning from that moment. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代最重要的仪式之一——入学典礼，包括入学年龄、准备事项、仪式过程等。 1． 根据第二段第三句提到了父母需要为孩子入学准备的东西：“Next , parents would prepare some school things for their children, including desks, chairs and four treasures of the study.” 2． 根据第四段第二句“Before that, children would kowtow to the statue of Confucius 9 times and then to their teacher 3 times to show their deep respect.”可知叩头的原因。 3． 根据第四段第四句“Children would also ring a certain bell to start a new term.”可知孩子们在开笔礼期间的行为。 4．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需结合文中事实。结合文章内容和自己对“入学仪式”的看法、理由，合理作答即可。 阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过10个单词。 Travelling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier. We live in a global village, but this doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way. How should we behave when you meet someone for the first time? An American shakes your hand firmly while looking you straight in the eye. In many parts of Asia, there is no physical contact at all. In Japan, you should bow (鞠躬), and the more respect you want to show, the deeper you should bow. In Thailand, people greet each other by pressing both hands together at the chest (双手合十在胸前). In both countries, eye contact is avoided as a sign of respect. Many countries have rules about what you should and shouldn’t wear. In a Muslim country, women should wear long blouses and skirts. In Korea, you should take off your shoes when entering a house. Remember to place them neatly together where you came in. In Spain, lunch is often the biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours. So many people eat a light breakfast and a late dinner. In Mexico, lunch is a time to relax, and many people don’t discuss business as they eat. In Britain, it’s not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast. In most countries, an exchange of business cards is necessary for all introductions. You should include your company name and your position. If you are going to a country where your language is not widely spoken, you can get the back side of your card printed in the local language. In China, you may present your card with the writing facing the person you are giving it to. 1．How do people in Thailand show respect when greeting each other? 2．What does a woman have to wear in a Muslim country? 3．How long does lunch often last in Spain? 4．What should we pay attention to when we live in a global village? 5．Is it important to know different manners in the global village? Why or why not? 【答案】1．By pressing both hands together at the chest. 2．Long blouses and skirts. 3．(It lasts) for two or three hours. 4．(We should pay attention to) different cultures/manners (in different countries). 5．Yes. Because they help us get on well with others. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界不同国家在问候、着装、用餐、社交等方面的不同礼仪习俗，说明各地行为规范存在差异，提醒人们入乡随俗。 1．第二段明确指出“In Thailand, people greet each other by pressing both hands together at the chest”，可知泰国人在互相问候时是双手合十于胸前表示尊重，答案是原文直接信息。 2．第三段“In a Muslim country, women should wear long blouses and skirts.”表明穆斯林国家的女性需穿长款上衣和长裙，可直接提取原文信息。 3．第四段“In Spain, lunch is often the biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours.”明确说明西班牙午餐常持续两到三小时，答案几乎是原文引述。 4．结合第一段结尾“We live in a global village, but this doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way.”、第二段开头“How should we behave when you meet someone for the first time?”及文章中心思想可知，住在地球村需要留意不同地区的不同礼仪，答案可整合为“(We should pay attention to) different cultures/manners (in different countries)”。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，基于文中对不同礼仪重要性的描述，结合文章内容与自己对“不同礼仪”的看法，合理作答即可。 三、阅读填表5篇 American and British people both speak English of course. But sometimes it does not seem like the same language. In fact, there are some important differences between British English and American English. First of all, they sound very different. Often, Americans don’t say each word separately. They say several words together. Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I don’t know.” Or they may say “Whaddya say?” instead of “What did you say?” However, the British are more careful in their speech. They usually say all the words and keep them separate. Sound is not only the difference between British English and American English. Words sometimes have different meanings too. Some American words are never used in England. The same thing is true of some British words in America. For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different. Americans drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries. Many expressions are also different in the two countries. In England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you “phone them up”. In America, you “give them a call”. When you are saying goodbye in England you might say “Cheerio!” In America you might say “See you later.” There’re also some differences in grammar. For example, Americans usually use the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. They say “Do you have a storybook?” But the British often leave out the helping verb. They say “Have you a storybook?” All these differences can be confusing (易混淆的) if you are learning English. But most languages are like this. Languages change over time. When people live in separate places, the languages change in different ways. Differences between British English and American English British English American English. Sound The British are more 1 in their speech. They usually say all the words and 2 them separate. American people often say 3 words together. They don’t say each 4 separately. 5 People drive lorries in England. People drive 6 in America. Expressions If the British want to telephone their friends, they’ll “7 them up”. If the Americans want to telephone their friends, they’ll “give them a 8”. 9 British people often leave out the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. Americans usually 10 the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. 【答案】 1．careful 2．keep 3．several 4．word 5．Vocabulary 6．trucks 7．phone 8．call 9．Grammar 10．use 【导语】本文主要介绍了英式英语和美式英语在发音、词汇、表达和语法方面的差异。 1．根据“However, the British are more careful in their speech.”可知，英国人在发音上更仔细，故填careful。 2．根据“They usually say all the words and keep them separate.”可知，英国人通常会说所有的单词并保持它们分开，故填keep。 3．根据“Often, Americans don’t say each word separately. They say several words together.”可知，美国人经常不单独说每个单词，他们会把几个单词连在一起说，故填several。 4．根据“Often, Americans don’t say each word separately.”可知，美国人经常不单独说每个单词，故填word。 5．根据“Some American words are never used in England. The same thing is true of some British words in America. For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different.”可知，此段主要介绍了英式英语和美式英语在词汇方面的差异，故填Vocabulary。 6．根据“Americans drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries.”可知，在美国人们开卡车，在英国人们开货车，故填trucks。 7．根据“In England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you ‘phone them up’.”可知，在英国，如果你想给朋友打电话，你会“给他们打电话”，故填phone。 8．根据“In America, you ‘give them a call’.”可知，在美国，你会“给他们打个电话”，故填call。 9．根据“There’re also some differences in grammar.”可知，此段主要介绍了英式英语和美式英语在语法方面的差异，故填Grammar。 10．根据“Americans usually use the helping verb ‘do’ when they ask a question.”可知，美国人在问问题时通常使用助动词“do”，故填use。 根据所读内容，在文章后的空格内填入恰当的内容（1-8题每空一词，第9题词数不限。） If you decide to go to England for further study, you should get to know it in advance. England is the biggest of the four countries in the United Kingdom. Together with Scotland and Wales, these three countries form the island of Great Britain. When you include Northern Ireland, we call it the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Over 50 million people live in England and that’s around 80 per cent of the total UK population (人口). It is a multicultural (多种文化的) country where over 250 languages are spoken in the capital city, London. Laws and political decisions in England are made by the Parliament (议会) of the United Kingdom. Language The official language of England is English. Many students go to England from other countries to study the language and learn about the culture. Everyone speaks English, but there are many different accents (口音) all over the country. Music English people love music. In summer, there are music festivals all over the country, like those at Glastonbury or Leeds. Glastonbury is a five-day festival of music, dance, comedy, theatre and circus (马戏团) and around 175,000 people go. People listen to all types of music and they have a special interest in pop and rock. England has produced many international groups and singers like the Beatles, Coldplay, Ed Sheeran and Adele. Sport The most popular sports in England are football, rugby and cricket and most towns have a sports ground where teams can play. English football teams like Manchester United, Chelsea and Liverpool are famous all over the world. Women’s football is also popular and teams play in leagues and competitions all over the country. Food England is a very multicultural country and this causes a big change to the way people eat. Indian, Chinese and Italian cuisines (菜肴) are popular alternatives to traditional English food like fish and chips and roast beef. Many English people drink several cups of tea every day, usually with milk. Getting to know England Basic information *You should get to know England before making a 1 to study there. *The UK actually 2 England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. *No body  3 the Parliament (议会) of the United Kingdom have the right to make laws and political decisions in England. *People 4 more than 250 languages in London.5 everyone speaks English, there are many accents. *There’re music festivals around the country in summer. *People like listening to all types of music, 6 pop and rock. *Many English football teams, like Liverpool, are 7 all over the world. *As a multicultural country, it makes a big change to people’s 8 habits. Your opinion What’s your favourite part of English culture in the passage? Why? 9 【答案】1．decision 2．includes 3．except 4．speak 5．Although/Though 6．especially 7．famous/well-known 8．eating 9．示例：I love English music best because there are many world-famous singers and bands. 【导语】本文介绍了英国的基础信息，包括地理构成、人口语言，以及音乐、体育、饮食等文化特点，帮助计划前往英国深造的学生提前了解当地情况。 1．第一段提到“If you decide to go to England for further study, you should get to know it in advance.”，make a decision to do sth.对应原文的decide to do sth.，因此答案为decision。 2．第一段提到“When you include Northern Ireland, we call it the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.”，说明英国包含英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰，因此答案为includes。 3．第二段提到“Laws and political decisions in England are made by the Parliament of the United Kingdom.”，说明除了英国议会外，没有其他机构有权制定英格兰的法律和政治决策，因此答案为except。 4．第二段提到“over 250 languages are spoken in the capital city, London”，此处用主动语态“People speak more than 250 languages in London”，因此答案为speak。 5．第三段提到“Everyone speaks English, but there are many different accents all over the country.”，此处用Although/Though引导让步状语从句，替代but，因此答案为Although/Though。 6．第四段提到“People listen to all types of music and they have a special interest in pop and rock.”，have a special interest in对应especially（尤其），因此答案为especially。 7．第五段提到“English football teams like Manchester United, Chelsea and Liverpool are famous all over the world.”，famous/well-known对应原文，因此答案为famous/well-known。 8．第六段提到“this causes a big change to the way people eat”，对应eating habits（饮食习惯），因此答案为eating。 9．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，需结合文章内容作答。示例：I love English music best because there are many world-famous singers and bands. 请认真阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡相应线上。 注意:每个空格只填1个单词。 Teaching good manners can seem like a lot of work, but it is as important as brushing teeth twice a day. Actually, just give time and any child can learn to be polite. Here are some tips on how to help kids remember good manners in their daily life. Sometimes children may be willing to listen to someone instead of their parents. Turn to friends, family, and teachers and encourage them to practice good manners at all times. If an uncle burps (打嗝) at the dinner table, have him say “Excuse me.” or “Pardon me.” “If your children jump on the sofa at Grandma’s house, have her explain that jumping on furniture is impolite. This shows that a different person can be more effective (有效的) than the same one who is heard all the time. If no one plays down (对……轻描淡写) bad manners, your kids won’t either. Prepare for different situations in which your kids need to behave politely. If you’re in your backyard where a child has been on the swings (秋千) too long, he doesn’t notice others waiting. Show how you would politely ask the child to give everyone else a turn. With practice, your child will have the confidence to deal with any situation with politeness and good manners. Family dinners are perfect situations for practicing table manners, such as learning how to use utensils (餐具), eating properly, your child has a chance to experience and eat new foods in a safe environment. This will encourage him to be open and excited about new dishes and situations. If he doesn’t like the food, teach him how to refuse it without complaining about it. Advise him to eat his favourite food in small and slow bites with practice. When my child used to point out someone’s bad manners, I would ask him what that person should have done differently. Talk about different situations, ask what words he can use to sound polite when talking to an adult.  Ask your child to share his ideas with you. Encourage him to practice them as soon as possible and ask him to report what happens and if the result is good. 1 to Practice Good Manners Get others to help ▶Children may accept others’ advice more 2 . ▶A different person can do 3 work than the same one who is always heard. Role-play situations ▶Help kids to 4 good manners in different situations.   ▶In this way, kids will be 5 to deal with any situation. Eat dinner as a family ▶Teach kids to use utensils, eat and talk 6 .   ▶Tell kids not to 7 about the food they dislike.   8 to your child’s ideas ▶Ask your child 9 he thinks of someone’s bad manners.   ▶Discuss with your child and encourage him to put his ideas into 10 in different situations. 【答案】 1．How 2．willingly 3．better 4．practice 5．confident 6．properly 7．complain 8．Listen 9．what 10．practice 【导语】本文介绍了四种帮助父母引导孩子养成良好礼仪的方式。 1．根据“Here are some tips on how to help kids remember good manners in their daily life.”可知，本文是一些关于如何帮助孩子在日常生活中保持礼貌的建议，how意为“如何”，首字母大写。故填How。 2．根据“Sometimes children may be willing to listen to someone instead of their parents.”可知，孩子们可能更愿意接受别人的建议。此处用副词“willingly”修饰动词，意为“愿意地”。故填willingly。 3．根据“This shows that a different person can be more effective (有效的) than the same one who is heard all the time.”可知，一个不同的人比一个总是被倾听的人能更有效地工作。由“than”可知，此处用形容词比较级形式better，意为“更好的”。故填better。 4．根据“With practice, your child will have the confidence to deal with any situation with politeness and good manners.”可知，帮助孩子在不同的情况下练习礼貌，practice意为“练习”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填practice。 5．根据“With practice, your child will have the confidence to deal with any situation with politeness and good manners.”可知，这样，孩子们将有信心应对任何情况。confident意为“有信心的”，形容词作表语。故填confident。 6．根据“Family dinners are perfect situations for practicing table manners, such as learning how to use utensils (餐具), eating properly, your child has a chance to experience and eat new foods in a safe environment.”可知，教孩子恰当地使用餐具、饮食和说话，此处用副词“properly”修饰动词，意为“恰当地”。故填properly。 7．根据“If he doesn’t like the food, teach him how to refuse it without complaining about it.”可知，告诉孩子们不要抱怨他们不喜欢的食物，complain意为“抱怨”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填complain。 8．根据“Ask your child to share his ideas with you.”可知，要倾听孩子的想法，listen意为“听”，句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头，首字母大写。故填Listen。 9．根据“When my child used to point out someone’s bad manners, I would ask him what that person should have done differently.”可知，应该问问你的孩子对某人的不礼貌有什么看法，what意为“什么”。故填what。 10．根据“Encourage him to practice them as soon as possible and ask him to report what happens and if the result is good.”可知，要与孩子讨论并鼓励他在不同的情况下将自己的想法付诸实践，practice意为“实践”，名词。故填practice。 Are you sure what to do if an American friend invites you to visit his family and you’ve never been to an American’s home before? Should you take a gift? What should you dress? When should you arrive? Glad you asked. What good manners should you have when you’re the guest in an American family? The question of whether or not to bring a gift often troubles guests. In American culture, a guest is not forced to bring a present. Of course, some people do bring some small gifts to their hosts. Proper gifts generally might be flowers, candy or—if the family has small children—toys. If you choose not to bring a gift, don’t worry. No one will even notice that. What manners should you pay attention to when you are invited to a dinner? For most informal (非正式的) dinners, you should wear everyday clothes. Plan to arrive on time, or call to tell your hosts about the delay(延迟). During the dinner conversation, it’s customary to compliment (称赞) the hosts about the wonderful meal. Of course, the biggest compliment is to eat lots of food to show you enjoy it! When you’ve had plenty, you might offer to clear the table or wash the dishes. But since you’re the guest, your hosts may not let you do that. Instead, they may invite you to move to the living room for dessert with tea or coffee. After about an hour of general talking, it’s probably time to head for the door (向门口走去). Americans usually like to have advance notice (提前通知) when people come to see them. Only very close friends drop by (顺便来访) without any notice. This is especially true if the guests want to stay for a few days. Even relatives don’t usually stay for several weeks at a time. Here’s some good advice for house guests: Short stays are the best. While you’re staying with an American family, try to keep your living area clean and tidy. Your host family will be thankful for your consideration (体贴). And they may even invite you back! How to be 1 as a guest in an American family Gift ☆Proper gifts: flowers, candy or toys. ☆2 present is also OK. Manners for dinner Before the dinner ☆Try to arrive on time. ☆If you can’t 3 being late, let your hosts know. ☆Wear 4 clothes. During the dinner ☆Compliment the hosts about the wonderful meal. ☆5 the meal. 6 the dinner ☆Offer to do some cleaning work, though your hosts may not let you do that. ☆7 after about an hour after dinner. A 8 stay ☆Try not to give unexpected visits or stay. ☆Remember short stays are the 9. ☆Keep your living area clean and tidy. Your host family will 10 you for your consideration. 【答案】 1．polite 2．No 3．avoid 4．everyday/daily 5．Enjoy 6．After 7．Leave 8．short 9．best 10．thank 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在美国家庭中礼貌地做客。 1．根据第一段“What good manners should you have when you’re the guest in an American family?”可知，本文介绍了在一个美国家庭做客时，需要注意的事项，怎样做才能显示出有礼貌；polite“礼貌的”，形容词。故填polite。 2．根据第二段“If you choose not to bring a gift, don’t worry. No one will even notice that.”可知，去美国家庭做客，不带礼物，也没有关系；no“没有”，限定词，后接名词，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填No。 3．根据第三段“Plan to arrive on time, or call to tell your hosts about the delay.”可知，如果你不能避免迟到，让主人知道；avoid“避免”，动词，后常接动名词作宾语，空前有情态动词can’t，此处用原形。故填avoid。 4．根据第三段“For most informal dinners, you should wear everyday clothes.”可知，对于大多数非正式的晚宴，你应该穿日常的衣服；everyday/daily“日常的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词clothes。故填everyday/daily。 5．根据第三段“Of course, the biggest compliment is to eat lots of food to show you enjoy it!”可知，当然，最大的赞美是吃很多食物来表示你喜欢它；enjoy“喜欢，享受”，动词；根据上文“Compliment the hosts about the wonderful meal.”可知，此处应用祈使句，用动词原形enjoy，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Enjoy。 6．根据“Before the dinner”和“During the dinner”可知，此处是指晚餐后；after“在……之后”，介词，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填After。 7．根据第三段“After about an hour of general talking, it’s probably time to head for the door.”可知，在大约一个小时的一般性谈话之后，可以离开了；leave“离开”，动词，由语境可知，此处为祈使句，用动词原形leave，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Leave。 8．根据第四段“Only very close friends drop by without any notice. This is especially true if the guests want to stay for a few days. Even relatives don’t usually stay for several weeks at a time.”可知，去美国家庭做客，不要长住；short“短期的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词stay。故填short。 9．根据第四段“Short stays are the best.”可知，短期逗留是最好的；best“最好的”，形容词。故填best。 10．根据第四段“While you’re staying with an American family, try to keep your living area clean and tidy. Your host family will be thankful for your consideration”可知，当你住在美国人家里时，尽量保持你住的地方干净整洁。你的寄宿家庭会感谢你的体贴；thank“感谢”，动词，空前有情态动词will，此处用原形thank。故填thank。 阅读下面材料，根据材料内容完成后面表格，每空填一个单词。 It is impossible to name all Chinese customs in a single article. Even so, in this passage we bring you several Chinese customs and traditions that you should know. Here we go! Chinese usually do not show their feelings openly, also avoiding any unnecessary body touch. The Chinese see badly that people kiss each other on the face, even if they are women. In fact, shaking hands was also not so acceptable in the past. For them it is enough to make a small nod when greeting. As the country gradually (逐渐地) lets Western traditions in, people are used to shaking hands to greet. Many food manners must be followed strictly at meals. Some details should be paid much attention to by both guests and hosts. In China, the older guests are always seated first, and then others can take their seats. Food manners are also very important. You should never serve yourself a drink. It should be served by someone else. Chopsticks should never be placed upwards in food. And to eat, never put your mouth away from your own bowl. The Chinese have the habit and skill of being able to sleep anywhere at any time. It doesn’t matter if it’s on the break from work, in the middle of the street or waiting in a supermarket. This Chinese custom has nothing to do with laziness, quite the opposite. In China, sleeping for a short time in public places is considered a symbol of effort. For example, thousands and millions of netizens (网民) will give a photo of a sleeping doctor in the corner of the operating room a “like” to show their respect to the doctor. So, this person has been putting a lot of effort into his work and it is right that he should sleep as he likes. Many of you have already known it’s polite not to open gifts in public. But that’s not the only important thing to know when receiving gifts in China. For example, the Chinese will always refuse your gift up to three times to show they are well educated. But in the end, they’re willing to accept it. And remember not to receive the gift with only one hand. Chinese Customs and Traditions Not showing their feelings openly There’s no 1 to have body touch while greeting. ◆People dislike kissing on each other’s faces. ◆Shaking hands is gradually 2 because of the influence of Western traditions. 3 food manners strictly It makes sure guests and hosts feel comfortable at table. ◆Older guests get seated first. ◆Don’t serve yourself a drink. It should be served by someone else 4. ◆Don’t place chopsticks upwards. ◆Keep your mouth 5 to your own bowl. Sleeping carelessly It has something to do with effort. ◆It’s not 6 to see Chinese sleeping in some public places, like offices, streets, supermarkets and so on. ◆A photo of a sleeping doctor in the corner of the operating room 7 quickly and wildly online. The sleeping doctor is considered to have the right because he is too tired at work. Receiving gifts 8 It is important to know how to receive gifts. ◆Don’t open gifts in public. ◆Refuse three times 9 accepting gifts. ◆Use 10 hands to receive gifts. 【答案】 1．need 2．accepted/acceptable 3．Following 4．instead 5．close 6．strange/surprising/uncommon/unusual 7．spreads 8．politely 9．before 10．both/two 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国的几种传统习俗和礼仪，包括情感表达、餐桌礼仪、公共场合小睡习惯以及收礼礼节。 1．根据“...also avoiding any unnecessary body touch.”可知，问候时的身体接触是不必要的，there is no need to do sth.“没必要做某事”。故填need。 2．根据“As the country gradually (逐渐地) lets Western traditions in, people are used to shaking hands to greet.”可知，随着国家逐渐接受西方传统，人们习惯握手打招呼，也就是握手逐渐被接受，accept“接受”，此处应用过去分词accepted，与“is”构成一般现在时的被动语态；或用形容词acceptable“可接受的”作表语。故填accepted/acceptable。 3．根据“Many food manners must be followed strictly at meals.”可知，此处强调严格“遵循”餐桌礼仪，结合表格左列短语可知，此处应用现在分词following“遵循”，且首字母需大写。故填Following。 4．根据“You should never serve yourself a drink. It should be served by someone else.”可知，你不应该给自己倒饮料，相反应该由他人代劳，副词instead“相反”符合文意。故填instead。 5．根据“And to eat, never put your mouth away from your own bowl.”可知，不要让嘴离碗太远，也就是嘴巴应靠近自己的碗，close to“离……近”。故填close。 6．根据“It doesn’t matter if it’s on the break from work, in the middle of the street or waiting in a supermarket.”可知，在什么场合或场地小憩都没关系，说明在公共场合睡觉并不奇怪/令人惊讶，或不是不同寻常的，形容词strange“奇怪的”/surprising“令人惊讶的”/uncommon/unusual“不寻常的”符合文意。故填strange/surprising/uncommon/unusual。 7．根据“thousands and millions of netizens (网民) will give a photo of a sleeping doctor in the corner of the operating room a ‘like’”可知，成千上万的网民给这张照片点赞，说明这张照片在网上传播得很快，动词spread“传播”符合文意；此处用一般现在时陈述事实，主语“A photo”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式spreads。故填spreads。 8．根据“Many of you have already known it’s polite not to open gifts in public.”可知，此处讲如何礼貌地收礼，应用副词politely“有礼貌地”修饰动词“receive”。故填politely。 9．根据“...the Chinese will always refuse your gift up to three times to show they are well educated. But in the end, they’re willing to accept it.”可知，收礼时先拒绝三次以上，最后再收下，也就是在收礼之前要拒绝三次，介词before“在……之前”符合文意。故填before。 10．根据“And remember not to receive the gift with only one hand.”可知，不要只用一只手接受礼物，就是要用两只手收礼，both“两者都”/two“二”符合文意，修饰名词“hands”。故填both/two。 22 立足新教材，自学有章法，练习有重点！ 21 立足新教材，自学有章法，练习有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $