2026年外刊素材改编的语法填空组练4篇 -2026届高三英语二轮复习专项

2026年外刊素材改编的语法填空组练4篇 -2026届高三英语二轮复习专项 人与社会·科学技术”主题语境 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Increasingly, AI tries to auto-complete what you type on your devices. However, AI is biased, so its suggestions may spread those biases. A new study now suggests that AI can shape 1.________ (people) views without them realizing it. Mor Naaman, 2.________ information scientist at Cornell University, says AI shortcuts are pushing people 3.________ (think) a certain way. His team ran an experiment 4.________ more than 2,500 people wrote short essays about social issues. Some participants wrote their essays 5.________ (independent), while others got AI suggestions that were secretly coached 6.________ (be) biased. The results showed that people 7.________ (expose) to the biased auto-complete function moved closer to the AI’s stance. 8.________ was even more surprising was that three-quarters of these people found the suggestions "reasonable and balanced," failing to notice the bias. It remains unclear how 9.________ (shield) people from such influence. Given the risk 10.________ (mention) above, Naaman suggests writing down one’s own thoughts before turning to AI for help. 答案及深度解析 1. people’s 【解析】考查名词所有格。此处修饰名词“views”，表示“人们的观点”，需用名词所有格形式。 2. an 【解析】考查不定冠词。scientist是可数名词单数，其前置定语information以元音音素开头，故填an表示职业身份。 3. to think 【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定搭配push sb. to do sth.，意为“推着某人/促使某人做某事”。 4. where / in which 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为experiment，在从句中作地点/环境状语（在实验中），故用关系副词where或“介词+关系代词”in which。 5. independently 【解析】考查副词。此处修饰动词wrote，需将形容词改为副词，表示“独立地（完成写作）”。 6. to be 【解析】考查非谓语动词。coach sb. to do sth.意为“训练/指导某人做某事”，此处为被动语态形式的宾语补足语。 7. exposed 【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰people。people与expose之间是被动关系（被暴露于……之中）。 8. What 【解析】考查主语从句。引导词在从句中作主语，指代“所……的事情”，故用What。 9. to shield 【解析】考查非谓语动词。“疑问词 + to do”结构在句中作宾语。shield...from...意为“保护/遮挡……免受……”。 10. mentioned 【解析】考查非谓语动词。过去分词作后置定语修饰risk，表示“被提到的风险”。 点评： 本题通过外刊素材，巧妙融入了非谓语动词（to think, to be, exposed, to shield, mentioned）这一高考重难点，同时兼顾了定语从句与主语从句。文本逻辑清晰，难度适中，非常符合近年来新高考英语语法填空题“语篇为中心，重基础，强逻辑”的评价要求。 B The word "clone" has different meanings. A clone may be a genetic copy of 1.________ individual—that is, an organism that has the exact same DNA as another. While identical twins are natural clones, scientists can also clone animals, plants and microbes 2.________ the lab. To clone an animal, scientists usually start with an egg cell and remove its DNA. They then insert DNA from the animal they want to copy. Scientists can trigger that egg cell 3.________ (develop) into a new animal by mimicking the chemistry of fertilization. Once the egg develops into an embryo, scientists move it into the womb of a surrogate mother, who later 4.________ (give) birth to the cloned animal. Perhaps the most famous clone was Dolly the sheep. 5.________ (bear) in 1996, she was the first animal cloned from an adult mammal cell. In 2021, one team cloned a long-dead black-footed ferret, 6.________ introduced much-needed genetic diversity into the population. This 7.________ (value) diversity helps a species to adapt to environmental changes, boosting its odds of survival. Cloning is not just for animals. In medicine, researchers may clone a person's tissues to help heal 8.________ (injury). By selecting certain genes and 9.________ (put) them into microbes, scientists can even create 10.________ (life-save) medicines like insulin for people with diabetes. 答案及深度解析 1. an 【解析】考查冠词。individual（个人/个体）为可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，此处表示泛指，故填an。 2. in 【解析】考查介词。固定搭配in the lab，意为“在实验室里”。 3. to develop 【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定搭配trigger sth. to do sth.，意为“触发/促使某物做某事”。 4. gives 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处描述的是克隆过程的客观事实，需用一般现在时。主语是关系代词who（指代单数名词mother），故用gives。 5. Born 【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作状语，表示“出生于……”。Dolly与bear是被动关系，且位于句首需大写。 6. which 【解析】考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句或“cloned a long-dead black-footed ferret”这件事，在从句中作主语，故填which。 7. valuable 【解析】考查词性转换。修饰名词diversity（多样性）需用形容词形式。value的名词/动词形式转换为形容词valuable，意为“宝贵的”。 8. injuries 【解析】考查名词复数。injury在此表示“伤口/伤病”，为可数名词。根据语境，医学研究通常针对多类或多次伤病，故用复数形式。 9. putting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处与selecting并列，共同作为介词by的宾语，故用动名词形式putting。 10. life-saving 【解析】考查词性转换（复合形容词）。此处修饰名词medicines，表示“救命的”。life-save需转换为形容词形式life-saving。 点评： 1. 语篇选材：选取了关于“克隆”的科普短文，涵盖了克隆的定义、过程及在生态和医学上的应用，非常符合新高考“人与社会”的主题语境，强调科技对人类文明的贡献。 2. 考点分布：10个空格中，非谓语动词占据了3处（to develop, Born, putting），这是高考语法填空的核心；时态语态及主谓一致（gives）和定语从句（which）确保了对句子结构的考查；词性转换（valuable, life-saving）则考查了学生对词汇灵活运用的能力。 3. 难度设置：难度与2025年高考真题持平，既考查了基础冠词和介词，也设置了如“复合形容词”和“非限制性定语从句”这样的提分点。 C Artemis II just made a historic loop around the moon. After five days in space, the Orion spacecraft looped around the farside of the moon on April 6, 1.________ (give) the crew a view unlike any other. The crew, 2.________ includes four astronauts, lifted off for a 10-day round trip to the moon. During the lunar flyby, the astronauts spent their time 3.________ (furious) collecting scientific data and taking photos. As the capsule passed behind the moon, it flew just 6,545 kilometers above the surface, 4.________ (set) a new record for humans’ 5.________ (far) venture from Earth. The crew also became the first humans 6.________ (see) a solar eclipse from the moon. Victor Glover 7.________ (strike) by the “earthshine” — sunlight 8.________ (reflect) off our planet's surface. 9.________ the flyby has ended, the analysis of the data has just begun. These moments will have a lasting impact 10.________ science and our perspective on our home, the Earth. 答案及深度解析 1. giving 【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处为现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示“环绕月球飞行”这一动作同时带来的结果。 2. who / that 【解析】考查定语从句。引导词在从句中作主语，先行词是“The crew”（指代其中的成员），故用关系代词who或that。 3. furiously 【解析】考查副词。此处修饰动词短语“collecting scientific data”，需将形容词变为副词，意为“狂热地/拼命地（收集数据）”。 4. setting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。现在分词短语作结果状语，表示“飞过月表”这一事实自然导致了“创造新纪录”的结果。 5. farthest / furthest 【解析】考查形容词最高级。此处指“人类距离地球最远的冒险”，根据语境需用far的最高级形式。 6. to see 【解析】考查非谓语动词。在“the first + 名词”之后，常用动词不定式作后置定语。 7. was struck 【解析】考查动词时态语态。描述过去发生的具体事件，且主语Victor Glover与strike是被动关系（被……震撼），故用一般过去时的被动语态。 8. reflected 【解析】考查非谓语动词。过去分词短语作后置定语修饰sunlight，表示“被地球表面反射的阳光”。 9. Although / Though / While 【解析】考查连词。引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管飞行已经结束，但数据分析才刚刚开始”。 10. on 【解析】考查介词。固定搭配have an impact on sth.，意为“对……产生影响”。 点评： 1. 语篇选材：聚焦“阿尔忒弥斯2号”绕月飞行，不仅考查语言知识，还融入了对前沿科学探索的关注，符合新高考“素养立意”的命题宗旨。 2. 考点覆盖：10个空格中，非谓语动词（giving, setting, to see, reflected）占比最高，这与2025年全国卷的趋势完全一致；同时兼顾了从句、形容词等级和语态等必考点。 3. 逻辑性强：题目设置由浅入深，既有基础的词性转换，也有需要通过语篇逻辑判断的连词和时态，能有效区分不同层次考生的语言运用能力。 D You might not notice this teensy speck at all. But it offers big opportunities 1.________ (explore) the microscopic world. It is the smallest robot that can move, think and make 2.________ (decide) on its own. The mini robot was inspired by nature’s tiny machines 3.________ are phenomenally sophisticated. This new robot is as small as 4.________ paramecium—a single-celled organism. It 5.________ (power) by mini solar cells on its surface. To move, the robot needs to be in a liquid. However, swimming through water for a cell-sized thing feels more like 6.________ (swim) through tar. The microbot’s “brain” is a computer with only a few hundred bits of memory. Because of this, 7.________ (design) had to write programs that used hardly any memory. In experiments, the robot 8.________ (program) to move from colder to warmer areas and it succeeded. Such small robots might someday 9.________ (use) to deliver drugs inside the human body. Sixty years ago, nobody could think of making robots 10.________ (small) than what we can see. "Now we have the technology to do that," says a researcher. 答案及深度解析 1. to explore 【解析】考查非谓语动词。opportunity后常接动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的机会”。 2. decisions 【解析】考查名词复数。make decisions为固定搭配，意为“做决定”。此处表示机器人可以自主做决定，需用名词复数形式。 3. which / that 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是machines，在从句中作主语，指代物，故填关系代词which或that。 4. a 【解析】考查冠词。paramecium（草履虫）是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，此处表示泛指，故填a。 5. is powered 【解析】考查动词的时态语态。描述客观科学事实用一般现在时。主语It与power是被动关系（被……驱动），故填is powered。 6. swimming 【解析】考查非谓语动词。like在此作为介词，后接动名词swimming作宾语。 7. designers 【解析】考查名词复数。根据语境，此处指编写程序的“设计者们”，需将动词design转换为表示人的名词，且用复数形式表示泛指。 8. was programmed 【解析】考查动词的时态语态。此处描述的是过去完成的实验步骤，需用一般过去时。主语robot与program是被动关系（被编程），故填was programmed。 9. be used 【解析】考查动词语态。位于情态动词might后，且主语robots与use之间是被动关系，故填be used。 10. smaller 【解析】考查形容词比较级。空后出现了比较连词than，需用small的比较级形式smaller。 点评： 1. 语篇选材：聚焦“微型自主机器人”，属于前沿科技话题，完美契合新高考对“科学技术”类说明文的偏好。 2. 考点分布：10个空格中，非谓语动词占据3处（1, 6, 9），时态语态2处（5, 8），名词复数及转换2处（2, 7），从句/冠词/比较级各1处。这种分布比例与2025年全国卷真题高度一致。 3. 能力考查：题目不仅要求考生掌握基础词汇变形，更要求考生能根据语境判断“主动与被动”、“单数与复数”以及“目的与结果”等逻辑关系，具有很强的实战模拟价值。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $