2026年权威外刊改编的题型组合练（二）：阅读理解C、D篇＋完形填空＋语法填空-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项

2026年权威外刊改编的题型组合练（二）：阅读理解C、D篇＋完形填空＋语法填空 【解析版】 Ⅰ.阅读理解C、D篇（每小题2.5分，共20分） Mechanical engineer Juan Espinoza’s connection to agriculture runs deep. In the 1990s, his parents immigrated to California from Mexico and worked picking crops. When Espinoza reached 15, his parents required him to join them for at least one summer. “They wanted to teach their children the value of a dollar,” he says. “They wanted us to aspire for more.” That experience inspired his later work. Having noticed that improper picking could damage fruit and reduce its value, Espinoza designed a device called an “end effector” for a citrus-harvesting machine. Acting like mechanical hands at the end of robotic arms, it includes both a gripper to hold the fruit delicately and a cutter to sever the stem. “I got to combine what I learned in the classroom with my personal experience,” he says. The device aims to address urgent issues in farming. Working in intense summer heat puts laborers at risk of heat-related illnesses, and farmers are currently struggling with worker shortages. Espinoza hopes his harvester can ease physical demands while filling the labor gap. However, the progress of agricultural tech brings new challenges. Espinoza notes that while traditional mechanical systems were simple and reliable, modern equipment has become increasingly sophisticated and complex, using sensors, GPS, and automated controls. This complexity often strips farmers of the “right to repair.” In the past, farmers had the tools and knowledge to service their own equipment. Now, they are often unable to fix broken machines because they lack specialized diagnostic tools or legal permission, forced instead to go through licensed dealerships. While Espinoza’s current focus is agriculture, his true passion lies in improving vehicles for everyday people. His long-term goal is to provide those earning minimum wage with reliable cars that are inexpensive to fix. For Espinoza, engineering is not just about high-tech innovation; it's about improving the quality of life for the general population. 1. Why did Espinoza’s parents make him pick crops as a teenager? A. To help the family overcome financial crises. B. To provide him with raw material for engineering. C. To encourage him to pursue a better life through hard work. D. To compensate for the labor shortages in California’s farms. 2. What is a distinctive feature of the "end effector" designed by Espinoza? A. It can pick various fruits regardless of their size. B. It functions by mimicking the manual actions of workers. C. It uses GPS to locate the most valuable citrus in the field. D. It is the first robotic arm that can withstand extreme heat. 3. What does the author imply about modern agricultural equipment? A. Its high cost is well worth the efficiency it brings. B. Its complexity has created a new burden for farmers. C. It has completely eliminated the risks of physical injury. D. It is more reliable than traditional systems due to sensors. 4. Which of the following best describes Espinoza’s career philosophy? A. High-tech tools should be reserved for licensed professionals. B. Personal experience is more important than classroom learning. C. Innovation should be accessible and beneficial to the common people. D. Agriculture is the most promising industry for future mechanical engineers. 答案与详解 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇人物传记类说明文。文章介绍了工程师 Juan Espinoza 受到父母务农背景的启发，发明了自动化柑橘采摘装置。文章探讨了该发明在缓解劳动力短缺和保护工人健康方面的意义，同时也反思了现代农业科技复杂化带来的“维修权”缺失问题，最后展示了作者致力于为普通大众改善生活的理想。 1. 答案：C 解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“They wanted to teach their children the value of a dollar... They wanted us to aspire for more”可知，父母让他务农是为了让他体会金钱的价值，并激励他追求更高远的目标（即更好的生活）。故选C。 2. 答案：B 解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Acting like mechanical hands... The cutter employs the specialized shears farmworkers use to cut stems”可知，该设备模仿了人类采摘的手部动作和剪切动作，结合了工人的实际操作经验。故选B。 3. 答案：B 解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段描述，现代设备变得“increasingly sophisticated and complex”，导致农民失去了“right to repair（维修权）”，无法像过去那样自行修理。这暗示了科技进步虽然高效，但也给农民带来了新的困扰和负担。故选B。 4. 答案：C 解析： 主旨大意题。纵观全文，特别是最后一段提到的“improve the quality of life for the general population”以及希望为低收入人群提供“inexpensive to fix”的可靠车辆，可以看出其核心理念是创新应服务于普通大众。故选C。 【语料积累】 词汇与短语信息表 类别 内容 必备单词 immigrate v. 移民；citrus n. 柑橘类水果；effector n. 效应器（机械手）；sever v. 切断；harvester n. 收割机；sophisticated adj. 复杂的，尖端的；diagnostic adj. 诊断的；authentic adj. 真正的，正宗的 熟词生义 run 常用义：v. 跑步；文章义：v. 延伸，存在 (e.g., runs deep)；base 常用义：n. 基础；文章义：n. (汽车) 基础款，基本型 (e.g., base models) 必备短语 aspire for 追求，渴望；the value of a dollar 金钱的价值/赚钱的辛苦；at risk of 冒……的风险；fall short of 没达到，未符合；right to repair 维修权 D If we climb up your family tree, we’ll zip through hundreds of thousands of years. This tour will cross continents and oceans. Eventually, if we travel back billions of years, we'll reach LUCA. It's just one cell, probably shaped like a rod. Scientists suspect it once lived near a hydrothermal vent at the bottom of an ocean. Every family tree, for any organism, leads to LUCA. LUCA stands for "last universal common ancestor". It wasn't the first thing that lived on Earth. But LUCA is special because every living thing on the planet today—from people and mushrooms to bacteria and trees—is related to it through evolution. Knowing how life evolved on our world might help recognize early signs of life on other planets or prepare for how life may change in the future. To reconstruct a portrait of LUCA, researchers like biologist Tom Williams look to organisms alive today for clues. "The starting point is just to look at the things that everything or almost everything has," he says. All living things have DNA, ribosomes (tiny machines to build proteins), and a cellular energy source called ATP. Therefore, LUCA must have possessed these features. Comparisons of "ancient" genes suggest LUCA lived some 4.2 billion years ago and was actually a rather complex organism. However, not all scientists agree with this timeline. Their reasoning has to do with "the late heavy bombardment"—a period around 3.9 billion years ago when asteroids streamed into the inner solar system, smashing into Earth. Some argue life could never have survived such a planet-sterilizing cataclysm. If this bombardment was as real and violent as suggested, LUCA couldn't be as old as Williams predicts. What might be most interesting about studying LUCA is how evolution happens in general. Life on Earth today represents one way that evolution played out, but maybe it could have gone in a different direction. Research on LUCA helps scientists learn which biological stages can only happen here—and which might unfold somewhere else in the cosmos. 5. What makes LUCA unique according to the text? A. It was the very first organism to appear on Earth. B. it is the common forebear of all current life forms. C. It was the only organism that survived the asteroid rain. D. It represents a different evolutionary direction from humans. 6. How do scientists like Tom Williams carry out their research on LUCA? A. By searching for 4.2-billion-year-old fossils in Australia. B. By re-creating the early Earth conditions in a laboratory. C. By analyzing shared biological features in modern organisms. D. By comparing the genetic material of humans and primates. 7. Why is the "late heavy bombardment" mentioned in the text? A. To prove that LUCA lived near hydrothermal vents. B. To challenge the estimated age of the shared ancestor. C. To explain why LUCA was shaped like a rod instead of a blob. D. To show the necessity of building data centers in outer space. 8. What is the significance of studying LUCA beyond understanding Earth's past? A. It helps in the search for potential life on other worlds. B. It provides a way to re-synthesize extinct giant animals. C. It allows humans to control the future direction of evolution. D. It proves Charles Darwin’s theory is the only rule in the cosmos. 答案与详解 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇关于生命科学的说明文。文章介绍了地球所有生物的共同祖先——LUCA（最后普遍共同祖先）。通过研究现存生物的共同特征，科学家们描绘了LUCA的画像并推测了其生存年代，同时也探讨了其在寻找外星生命以及理解进化规律方面的深远意义。 5. 答案：B 解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“LUCA is special because every living thing on the planet today... is related to it”以及“LUCA was not, however, the planet's first organism”可知，LUCA的特殊之处在于它是当今地球上所有生物的共同祖先，且它并非地球首个生物。故选B。 6. 答案：C 解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“look to organisms alive today for clues”以及“look at the things that everything or almost everything has”可知，研究方法是通过寻找现代生物共同拥有的特征（如DNA、核糖体、ATP）来还原LUCA。故选C。 7. 答案：B 解析： 推理判断题。第四段提到“late heavy bombardment”是因为有科学家认为这场39亿年前的陨石撞击会灭绝所有生命，从而质疑Williams提出的LUCA生活在42亿年前这一结论。因此，提及它是为了挑战/质疑LUCA的预估年龄。故选B。 8. 答案：A 解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Research on LUCA could also aid the search for life on other worlds”可知，研究LUCA有助于在宇宙其他地方寻找生命。故选A。 【语料积累】 词汇与短语信息表 类别 内容 必备单词 ancestor n. 祖先；organism n. 生物，有机体；evolution n. 进化；reconstruct v. 还原，重建；asteroid n. 小行星；cataclysm n. 灾难，大灾变；cosmos n. 宇宙 熟词生义 trace 常用义：n. 痕迹；文章义：v. 追溯 (e.g., trace back to)；lowly 常用义：adj. 地位卑微的；文章义：adj. 原始的，基础的 (e.g., that one lowly cell) 必备短语 zip through 飞速穿过；be related to 与……有亲缘关系/相关；look for clues 寻找线索；fall into 属于（某类别） Ⅱ. 完形填空（每题1分，共15分） Someone keeps texting me while I’m at work, even after I asked her to 9 . I can’t block her, because she’s my 16-year-old daughter. Her messages are often 10 : a note about switching music lessons, or a reminder to bring milk for a chemistry project. These messages could have been 11 had my daughter chatted with a classmate or waited to talk with me later. But just as objects in motion stay in motion, kids who have a cellphone 12 it. My daughter has her phone while in school, when she’s supposed to be 13 on learning and engaging with people around her. On the one hand, I 14 her desire to deal with things right away. It can be 15 to think that kids can be reached in an emergency, and convenient to communicate 16 when after-school plans change. On the other hand, as a writer 17 in the literature on psychology, I know that letting kids have phones in schools comes with many 18 . Phones can 19 students from learning, increase social anxiety, and suppress opportunities for emotional and intellectual 20 . More importantly, they can 21 kids’ autonomy. Constant contact acts like a digital umbilical cord (脐带), 22 students to their parents and preventing them from making 23 decisions on their own. 9. A. start B. stop C. help D. wait 10. A. urgent B. academic C. trivial D. mysterious 11. A. ignored B. shared C. delivered D. avoided 12. A. use B. hide C. fix D. charge 13. A. dependent B. focused C. hard D. gentle 14. A. doubt B. overlook C. appreciate D. regret 15. A. comforting B. frightening C. confusing D. annoying 16. A. in advance B. after all C. by accident D. on the fly 17. A. lost B. steeped C. dressed D. trapped 18. A. benefits B. rewards C. costs D. reasons 19. A. protect B. distract C. release D. distinguish 20. A. growth B. pressure C. stability D. competition 21. A. promote B. diminish C. acknowledge D. guarantee 22. A. leading B. inviting C. tethering D. matching 23. A. rapid B. independent C. collective D. public 答案与详解 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的记叙文，作者通过描述自己女儿在校期间频繁发简讯的现象，探讨了校园手机使用的利弊。文章指出，虽然手机带来了安全感与便利，但其代价是学生的注意力分散、焦虑增加以及自主性的丧失。, 9. 答案：B 解析： 考查动词。根据上文“Someone keeps texting me”以及下文作者想“block her”的心理可知，作者是让女儿“停止（stop）”发信息。 10. 答案：C 解析： 考查形容词。下文举例提到换乐器课、带牛奶等，这些都是日常琐事。trivial意为“琐碎的，不重要的”，符合语境。 11. 答案：D 解析： 考查动词。作者认为如果女儿找同学聊聊或等回家再说，这些信息原本是可以“避免（avoided）”的。 12. 答案：A 解析： 考查动词。作者用物理定律做类比：运动的物体保持运动，有手机的孩子就会“使用（use）”它。 13. 答案：B 解析： 考查形容词。在学校时，学生本应该“专注于（focused）”学习。be focused on是固定搭配。 14. 答案：C 解析： 考查动词。作者表示，一方面她“欣赏/理解（appreciate）”女儿想立即处理事情的愿望。 15. 答案：A 解析： 考查形容词。家长认为在紧急情况下能联系到孩子是令人“宽慰的（comforting）”。 16. 答案：D 解析： 考查短语。根据语境，当课后计划临时变动时，手机方便“随机应变地（on the fly）”进行沟通。 17. 答案：B 解析： 考查形容词。steeped in意为“沉浸于……的，对……有深厚造诣的”。作者作为一名深研心理学文献的作家，深知手机的弊端。 18. 答案：C 解析： 考查名词。根据下文列举的焦虑、分心等负面影响可知，让孩子带手机进校园是有“代价（costs）”的。 19. 答案：B 解析： 考查动词。手机会使学生在学习中“分心（distract）”。distract...from...为固定搭配。 20. 答案：A 解析： 考查名词。手机会压制情感和智力的“成长（growth）”。 21. 答案：B 解析： 考查动词。根据下文“umbilical cord（脐带）”的隐喻可知，手机“削弱（diminish）”了孩子的自主权。 22. 答案：C 解析： 考查动词。tether意为“系住，束缚”。此处指手机像脐带一样将学生与家长“拴”在一起。 23. 答案：B 解析： 考查形容词。由于时刻依赖家长，孩子失去了自己做出“独立的（independent）”决定的机会。 【语料积累】 英语学习内容表 类别 内容 必备单词 conscientious adj. 认真的，勤勉的；pedagogy n. 教育学；suppress v. 压制，抑制；autonomy n. 自主，自治；tether v. 拴住，束缚；diminish v. 减少，削弱 熟词生义 cost 常用义：n. 价格；文章义：n. 代价，负面影响 (e.g., comes with many costs)；motion 常用义：n. 提议；文章义：n. 运动，移动 (e.g., objects in motion) 必备短语 on the fly 随机应变地，忙碌中；be steeped in 深陷于，精通于；distract...from... 分散对……的注意力；on one's own 独立地 Ⅲ. 语法填空（每空1.5分，共15分） If Elon Musk gets his way, space will soon look very different. Through his ownership of SpaceX, the world’s richest man already operates most of the roughly 14,000 active satellites 24 (orbit) Earth. Now his rocket company 25. (ask) the government for permission to launch up to 1 million more. It’s part of Musk’s plan to build data centers in space 26. can harness the power of the sun for AI. “You’re power-constrained on Earth,” Musk said last month. “Space has the advantage that it’s 27. (actual) always sunny.” Musk has a lot 28. (ride) on these orbital data centers. To help finance them, he is set to take SpaceX public as early as June, at 29. reported valuation of $2 trillion. Musk has claimed that data centers in space can enable self-growing bases on the moon, an entire civilization on Mars, and ultimately 30. (expand) to the universe. It’s all classic Musk, who has a habit of 31. (make) big promises that he can’t always keep. Even if Musk falls short of his lofty space dreams, his venture may still pay him considerable 32. (dividend). By flooding space with his own satellites, Musk can make it 33. (possible) for other companies to gain entry while dramatically expanding one of the most important and valuable parts of his empire: Starlink. 答案与详解 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇关于马斯克SpaceX和星链（Starlink）计划的科技类新闻报道。文章介绍了马斯克计划发射数百万颗卫星以建立空间数据中心，旨在利用太空阳光资源为AI供电，同时探讨了其商业野心及对太空资源垄断的潜在担忧。 24. 答案：orbiting 解析： 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，operate是谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰satellites。satellites与orbit（绕轨道运行）之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。 25. 答案：is asking 解析： 考查时态。根据时间状语“Now”可知，此处描述的是目前正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时。主语his rocket company为单数，故填is asking。 26. 答案：that/which 解析： 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词data centers，且在从句中充当主语。故填that或which。 27. 答案：actually 解析： 考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词sunny或整个句子，应用副词形式。故填actually。 28. 答案：riding 解析： 考查固定搭配。have a lot riding on... 是固定短语，意为“在……上有很大赌注/有很大风险”。此处用现在分词形式。 29. 答案：a 解析： 考查冠词。valuation是可数名词，此处表示“一个……的估值”，且reported以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 30. 答案：expansion 解析： 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处与bases和civilization并列，共同充当enable的宾语，应用名词形式。故填expansion。 31. 答案：making 解析： 考查非谓语动词。空处位于介词of之后，应用动名词形式作宾语。故填making。 32. 答案：dividends 解析： 考查名词复数。dividend（红利/报酬）是可数名词，前面有considerable（相当大的）修饰，此处指长期的、多方面的收益，应用复数形式。故填dividends。 33. 答案：impossible 解析： 考查词义转化与形容词。根据语境，马斯克通过大量投放自己的卫星，使其他公司“不可能”进入。此处为“make + it (形式宾语) + adj. (宾补) + for sb. to do sth.”结构。故填possible的反义词impossible。 【语料积累】 英语学习内容汇总表 类别 内容 必备单词 accrue v. 积累，获得；harness v. 利用（自然力）；valuation n. 估值；venture n. 冒险项目，企业；considerable adj. 相当大的，显著的；dividend n. 股息，红利；collision n. 碰撞 熟词生义 public 常用义：adj. 公众的；文章义：v./adj. 上市 (e.g., take SpaceX public)；ride 常用义：v. 骑车；文章义：v. 依靠，取决于 (e.g., have a lot riding on...) 必备短语 get one's way 如愿以偿；harness the power of 利用……的力量；fall short of 没达到，未符合（预期）；gain entry 获得进入权 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2026年权威外刊改编的题型组合练（二）：阅读理解C、D篇+完形填空+语法填空 答题卡 第一部分：阅读理解(1-8) (每小题2.5分，共20分) 1[A][B][C]ID] 5 [A][B][C][D] 2[A][B][C]ID] 6[A][B]IC][D] 3[A][B][C]ID] 7[A][B][C][D] 4 [A][B][C][D] 8 [A][B][C][D] 第二部分：完形填空(9-23) （每题1分，共15分) 9[A][B][C][D] 14[A][B][C][D] 19[A][B][C][D] 10[A][B][C][D] 15[A][B][C][D] 20 [A][B][C][D] 11[A][B][C][D] 16[A][B][C][D] 21[A]IB][C][D] 12[A][B]IC][D] 17[A]B][C][D] 22[A][B][C][D] 13 [A][B][C][D] 18[A]IB][C][D] 23[A][B][C][D] 第三部分：语法填空(24-33) (每空1.5分，共15分) 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29 30. 31. 32. 33. 2026年权威外刊改编的题型组合练（二）：阅读理解C、D篇＋完形填空＋语法填空 【原卷版】 Ⅰ.阅读理解C、D篇（每小题2.5分，共20分） Mechanical engineer Juan Espinoza’s connection to agriculture runs deep. In the 1990s, his parents immigrated to California from Mexico and worked picking crops. When Espinoza reached 15, his parents required him to join them for at least one summer. “They wanted to teach their children the value of a dollar,” he says. “They wanted us to aspire for more.” That experience inspired his later work. Having noticed that improper picking could damage fruit and reduce its value, Espinoza designed a device called an “end effector” for a citrus-harvesting machine. Acting like mechanical hands at the end of robotic arms, it includes both a gripper to hold the fruit delicately and a cutter to sever the stem. “I got to combine what I learned in the classroom with my personal experience,” he says. The device aims to address urgent issues in farming. Working in intense summer heat puts laborers at risk of heat-related illnesses, and farmers are currently struggling with worker shortages. Espinoza hopes his harvester can ease physical demands while filling the labor gap. However, the progress of agricultural tech brings new challenges. Espinoza notes that while traditional mechanical systems were simple and reliable, modern equipment has become increasingly sophisticated and complex, using sensors, GPS, and automated controls. This complexity often strips farmers of the “right to repair.” In the past, farmers had the tools and knowledge to service their own equipment. Now, they are often unable to fix broken machines because they lack specialized diagnostic tools or legal permission, forced instead to go through licensed dealerships. While Espinoza’s current focus is agriculture, his true passion lies in improving vehicles for everyday people. His long-term goal is to provide those earning minimum wage with reliable cars that are inexpensive to fix. For Espinoza, engineering is not just about high-tech innovation; it's about improving the quality of life for the general population. 1. Why did Espinoza’s parents make him pick crops as a teenager? A. To help the family overcome financial crises. B. To provide him with raw material for engineering. C. To encourage him to pursue a better life through hard work. D. To compensate for the labor shortages in California’s farms. 2. What is a distinctive feature of the "end effector" designed by Espinoza? A. It can pick various fruits regardless of their size. B. It functions by mimicking the manual actions of workers. C. It uses GPS to locate the most valuable citrus in the field. D. It is the first robotic arm that can withstand extreme heat. 3. What does the author imply about modern agricultural equipment? A. Its high cost is well worth the efficiency it brings. B. Its complexity has created a new burden for farmers. C. It has completely eliminated the risks of physical injury. D. It is more reliable than traditional systems due to sensors. 4. Which of the following best describes Espinoza’s career philosophy? A. High-tech tools should be reserved for licensed professionals. B. Personal experience is more important than classroom learning. C. Innovation should be accessible and beneficial to the common people. D. Agriculture is the most promising industry for future mechanical engineers. 【语料积累】 词汇与短语信息表 类别 内容 必备单词 immigrate v. 移民；citrus n. 柑橘类水果；effector n. 效应器（机械手）；sever v. 切断；harvester n. 收割机；sophisticated adj. 复杂的，尖端的；diagnostic adj. 诊断的；authentic adj. 真正的，正宗的 熟词生义 run 常用义：v. 跑步；文章义：v. 延伸，存在 (e.g., runs deep)；base 常用义：n. 基础；文章义：n. (汽车) 基础款，基本型 (e.g., base models) 必备短语 aspire for 追求，渴望；the value of a dollar 金钱的价值/赚钱的辛苦；at risk of 冒……的风险；fall short of 没达到，未符合；right to repair 维修权 D If we climb up your family tree, we’ll zip through hundreds of thousands of years. This tour will cross continents and oceans. Eventually, if we travel back billions of years, we'll reach LUCA. It's just one cell, probably shaped like a rod. Scientists suspect it once lived near a hydrothermal vent at the bottom of an ocean. Every family tree, for any organism, leads to LUCA. LUCA stands for "last universal common ancestor". It wasn't the first thing that lived on Earth. But LUCA is special because every living thing on the planet today—from people and mushrooms to bacteria and trees—is related to it through evolution. Knowing how life evolved on our world might help recognize early signs of life on other planets or prepare for how life may change in the future. To reconstruct a portrait of LUCA, researchers like biologist Tom Williams look to organisms alive today for clues. "The starting point is just to look at the things that everything or almost everything has," he says. All living things have DNA, ribosomes (tiny machines to build proteins), and a cellular energy source called ATP. Therefore, LUCA must have possessed these features. Comparisons of "ancient" genes suggest LUCA lived some 4.2 billion years ago and was actually a rather complex organism. However, not all scientists agree with this timeline. Their reasoning has to do with "the late heavy bombardment"—a period around 3.9 billion years ago when asteroids streamed into the inner solar system, smashing into Earth. Some argue life could never have survived such a planet-sterilizing cataclysm. If this bombardment was as real and violent as suggested, LUCA couldn't be as old as Williams predicts. What might be most interesting about studying LUCA is how evolution happens in general. Life on Earth today represents one way that evolution played out, but maybe it could have gone in a different direction. Research on LUCA helps scientists learn which biological stages can only happen here—and which might unfold somewhere else in the cosmos. 5. What makes LUCA unique according to the text? A. It was the very first organism to appear on Earth. B. it is the common forebear of all current life forms. C. It was the only organism that survived the asteroid rain. D. It represents a different evolutionary direction from humans. 6. How do scientists like Tom Williams carry out their research on LUCA? A. By searching for 4.2-billion-year-old fossils in Australia. B. By re-creating the early Earth conditions in a laboratory. C. By analyzing shared biological features in modern organisms. D. By comparing the genetic material of humans and primates. 7. Why is the "late heavy bombardment" mentioned in the text? A. To prove that LUCA lived near hydrothermal vents. B. To challenge the estimated age of the shared ancestor. C. To explain why LUCA was shaped like a rod instead of a blob. D. To show the necessity of building data centers in outer space. 8. What is the significance of studying LUCA beyond understanding Earth's past? A. It helps in the search for potential life on other worlds. B. It provides a way to re-synthesize extinct giant animals. C. It allows humans to control the future direction of evolution. D. It proves Charles Darwin’s theory is the only rule in the cosmos. 【语料积累】 词汇与短语信息表 类别 内容 必备单词 ancestor n. 祖先；organism n. 生物，有机体；evolution n. 进化；reconstruct v. 还原，重建；asteroid n. 小行星；cataclysm n. 灾难，大灾变；cosmos n. 宇宙 熟词生义 trace 常用义：n. 痕迹；文章义：v. 追溯 (e.g., trace back to)；lowly 常用义：adj. 地位卑微的；文章义：adj. 原始的，基础的 (e.g., that one lowly cell) 必备短语 zip through 飞速穿过；be related to 与……有亲缘关系/相关；look for clues 寻找线索；fall into 属于（某类别） Ⅱ. 完形填空（每题1分，共15分） Someone keeps texting me while I’m at work, even after I asked her to 9 . I can’t block her, because she’s my 16-year-old daughter. Her messages are often 10 : a note about switching music lessons, or a reminder to bring milk for a chemistry project. These messages could have been 11 had my daughter chatted with a classmate or waited to talk with me later. But just as objects in motion stay in motion, kids who have a cellphone 12 it. My daughter has her phone while in school, when she’s supposed to be 13 on learning and engaging with people around her. On the one hand, I 14 her desire to deal with things right away. It can be 15 to think that kids can be reached in an emergency, and convenient to communicate 16 when after-school plans change. On the other hand, as a writer 17 in the literature on psychology, I know that letting kids have phones in schools comes with many 18 . Phones can 19 students from learning, increase social anxiety, and suppress opportunities for emotional and intellectual 20 . More importantly, they can 21 kids’ autonomy. Constant contact acts like a digital umbilical cord (脐带), 22 students to their parents and preventing them from making 23 decisions on their own. 9. A. start B. stop C. help D. wait 10. A. urgent B. academic C. trivial D. mysterious 11. A. ignored B. shared C. delivered D. avoided 12. A. use B. hide C. fix D. charge 13. A. dependent B. focused C. hard D. gentle 14. A. doubt B. overlook C. appreciate D. regret 15. A. comforting B. frightening C. confusing D. annoying 16. A. in advance B. after all C. by accident D. on the fly 17. A. lost B. steeped C. dressed D. trapped 18. A. benefits B. rewards C. costs D. reasons 19. A. protect B. distract C. release D. distinguish 20. A. growth B. pressure C. stability D. competition 21. A. promote B. diminish C. acknowledge D. guarantee 22. A. leading B. inviting C. tethering D. matching 23. A. rapid B. independent C. collective D. public 【语料积累】 英语学习内容表 类别 内容 必备单词 conscientious adj. 认真的，勤勉的；pedagogy n. 教育学；suppress v. 压制，抑制；autonomy n. 自主，自治；tether v. 拴住，束缚；diminish v. 减少，削弱 熟词生义 cost 常用义：n. 价格；文章义：n. 代价，负面影响 (e.g., comes with many costs)；motion 常用义：n. 提议；文章义：n. 运动，移动 (e.g., objects in motion) 必备短语 on the fly 随机应变地，忙碌中；be steeped in 深陷于，精通于；distract...from... 分散对……的注意力；on one's own 独立地 Ⅲ. 语法填空（每空1.5分，共15分） If Elon Musk gets his way, space will soon look very different. Through his ownership of SpaceX, the world’s richest man already operates most of the roughly 14,000 active satellites 24 (orbit) Earth. Now his rocket company 25. (ask) the government for permission to launch up to 1 million more. It’s part of Musk’s plan to build data centers in space 26. can harness the power of the sun for AI. “You’re power-constrained on Earth,” Musk said last month. “Space has the advantage that it’s 27. (actual) always sunny.” Musk has a lot 28. (ride) on these orbital data centers. To help finance them, he is set to take SpaceX public as early as June, at 29. reported valuation of $2 trillion. Musk has claimed that data centers in space can enable self-growing bases on the moon, an entire civilization on Mars, and ultimately 30. (expand) to the universe. It’s all classic Musk, who has a habit of 31. (make) big promises that he can’t always keep. Even if Musk falls short of his lofty space dreams, his venture may still pay him considerable 32. (dividend). By flooding space with his own satellites, Musk can make it 33. (possible) for other companies to gain entry while dramatically expanding one of the most important and valuable parts of his empire: Starlink.  【语料积累】 英语学习内容汇总表 类别 内容 必备单词 accrue v. 积累，获得；harness v. 利用（自然力）；valuation n. 估值；venture n. 冒险项目，企业；considerable adj. 相当大的，显著的；dividend n. 股息，红利；collision n. 碰撞 熟词生义 public 常用义：adj. 公众的；文章义：v./adj. 上市 (e.g., take SpaceX public)；ride 常用义：v. 骑车；文章义：v. 依靠，取决于 (e.g., have a lot riding on...) 必备短语 get one's way 如愿以偿；harness the power of 利用……的力量；fall short of 没达到，未符合（预期）；gain entry 获得进入权 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $