步步破题：高考阅读题型全解--主旨大意题-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项

步步破题：高考阅读题型全解--主旨大意题 (限时:25分钟　满分:40分) A (2026·济南高三学习质量检测) Despite being born without hands,12-year-old Aubrey Sauvie has never let limitations hold her back.From mastering martial arts (武术) to expressing herself through art,she advances bravely in a world that often prioritizes physical ability.However,her passion for drumming presented a special barrier:how could she hold the drumsticks without them slipping out? Aware of Aubrey’s problem,her band director proposed her for Tech Engineering for Kids,a program which is run through a junior-level engineering course of the Tennessee Tech University.It involves students working in teams to design a form of custom assistive technology for children with special needs.Up to now,they have created toys and devices for children with sensory disorder. Learning about Aubrey’s story,a team of ten engineering students of the program decided to create 3D-printed prostheses (义肢) specifically designed for drumming.They would send a certain design to Aubrey,who would then provide feedback,like “I think this is good,but it’s a little bit long.Could it be shortened?” or “It’s a little bit hot on my arm.Could you potentially,like,make it a little bit more breathable?”.The team created about six iterations of the prostheses until they were satisfied with the final product,which was not only hard-wearing but also flexible,allowing for drumstick attachments on both arms.This innovation not only improved sound quality but also provided the flexibility needed for advanced drumming techniques. Aubrey was very grateful for this technical solution. “I was really excited that I was going to be able to use the new prostheses and try them out,” she remarked.“They are becoming a very useful and creative tool to help me with my drumming.“With her newfound drumming freedom,Aubrey sets her sights on mastering a full drum set.Meanwhile,Tech Engineering for Kids readies itself to extend its reach,bridging the gap between limitations and ambitions through technology. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了12岁的 Aubrey Sauvie 天生没有双手,Tech Engineering for Kids 项目的一些学生为她设计了专门用于打鼓的3D打印义肢,使她能够操作乐器。 1.What troubles Aubrey a lot? A.Lacking passion for sports. B.Having no talent for music. C.Inaccessibility to expert training. D.Inability to operate an instrument. 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“being born without hands”和最后一句可知,Aubrey面临的挑战是如何在没有手的情况下握住鼓槌而不滑落,这表明她面临的主要问题是无法操作乐器。A项“对体育运动缺乏热情”;B项“没有音乐天赋”;C项“无法获得专业的培训”;D项“无法操作乐器”。] 2.What is Tech Engineering for Kids intended to do? A.Offer engineering courses. B.Design sustainable devices. C.Create personalized adaptive tools. D.Improve users’ overall experience. 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段的“It involves students working in...for children with special needs.”可知,Tech Engineering for Kids的目的是为有特殊需要的儿童设计个性化的辅助工具。] 3.Which can replace the underlined word “iterations” in paragraph 3? A.Uses. B.Versions. C.Materials. D.Kinds. 答案　B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词上文的“They would send a certain design to Aubrey,who would then provide feedback”和下文的“until they were satisfied with the final product”可知,该团队把设计好的义肢给Aubrey使用,然后根据Aubrey 提供的反馈意见重新设计,一共设计了六个版本的义肢。iteration意为“迭代”,在这里指的是设计的不同版本,version的意思与其相近。] 4.What does the text mainly tell us? A.Limitations bring down people’s creativity. B.Ambitions fuel the desires of the disabled. C.Science breaks down the barriers among people. D.Technology empowers people to pursue dreams. 答案　D　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了Aubrey天生没有双手,她对打鼓的热情使她面临特殊障碍:如何在没有双手的情况下握住鼓槌。田纳西科技大学Tech Engineering for Kids项目的一些学生为她设计了专门用于打鼓的3D打印义肢,使她能够操作乐器,帮助她继续追求梦想。故选D项“技术赋予人们追求梦想的力量”。] B (2026·南京、盐城高三第一学期调研测试) More than 20 years ago,Yung-Chi Cheng,a Yale professor in drug development for cancer,had a pioneering idea:what if he could unlock the potential of ancient Chinese medicines for treating cancer? What if he could design botanical drugs that would make traditional cancer treatments work better? No one had done it before.Fellow researchers and experts advised him to change course,because developing botanical drugs was too complicated and too risky.But Cheng didn’t let the idea go. Now,in a landmark moment for cancer research,Cheng and research partners are launching the first international clinical trial for a botanical drug,YIV-906.Shwu-Huey Liu,a postdoctoral researcher in Cheng’s Yale lab,spent hours leafing through ancient Chinese texts at Yale’s library,seeking the properties of Chinese herbs.She returned with Huang Qin Tang,a 1,800-year-old treatment for stomach illnesses,based on which the team developed a drug and tested it on one thousand mice. What followed were years of additional testing of the drug’s effectiveness for a range of cancers in multiple human studies involving over 200 patients.The positive effects displayed again and again.YIV-906 not only reduced the side effects of radiation treatment,but also led to faster recovery and longer survival rates. All they need now are larger data sets.When the results of the international trial are available about three years from now,YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products,which includes a malaria (疟疾) treatment developed from the Chinese herb qinghao,the discovery of which led to a Nobel Prize for chemist Tu Youyou. It has been a long journey,but if Cheng and his team are successful,it could create a new approach for treating cancer.They called the new approach “WE” medicine,a combination of Western medicine and Eastern medicine.“It’s a totally new model.I’ve met with a lot of doubt,but I think the results will speak for themselves,” Cheng said. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了耶鲁大学教授郑永齐及其团队在开发植物抗癌药物方面所做出的贡献。 5.What did fellow researchers initially think of Cheng’s research? A.Creative. B.Comprehensive. C.Conventional. D.Challenging. 答案　D　[观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Fellow researchers and experts...too complicated and too risky.”可知,同行的研究人员和专家建议他改变方向,因为开发植物药物太复杂,风险太大。由此可知,同行的研究人员最初认为郑的研究具有挑战性。] 6.Why did Liu refer to ancient Chinese texts? A.She wanted to question ancient treatment methods. B.She desired to find inspiration for treating diseases. C.She tried to document the history of Chinese herbs. D.She determined to find a cure for stomach illnesses. 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Shwu-Huey Liu,a postdoctoral...the properties of Chinese herbs.”可知,郑永齐所在的耶鲁大学实验室的博士后研究员刘淑惠花了很长时间在耶鲁大学图书馆翻阅中国古代文献,寻找中草药的特性。由此可推测,刘翻阅中国古代文献是为了寻找治疗疾病的灵感。] 7.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.The steps of the drug testing. B.The application of YIV-906. C.The effects of the clinical trial. D.The effectiveness of YIV-906. 答案　D　[段落大意题。根据第三段中的“testing of the drug’s effectiveness”和“YIV-906 not only reduced the...recovery and longer survival rates.”可知,该段主要说明了药物试验的结果,证明了YIV-906的效果,故选D。] 8.Why does the author mention Chinese herb qinghao? A.To illustrate the value of botanical drugs. B.To advocate the adoption of “WE” medicine. C.To praise Tu’s contributions to drug development. D.To highlight its success in medicine development. 答案　A　[写作目的题。根据倒数第二段中的“YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products”可知,作者提到中草药青蒿是为了说明植物药物的价值。] C (2026·沈阳高中三年级教学质量监测) Traditional methods employed for the diagnosis (诊断) of mental-health conditions require that patients engage in direct communication with a doctor.While these methods appear sensible in theory,such assessments can,in practical terms,extend over a period of several months,and furthermore,the diagnoses are ultimately subject to a degree of subjectivity. It is precisely for this reason that scientists are actively involved in experimental efforts to automate this diagnostic process.For instance,large language models (LLMs) possess the capacity to analyze literally recorded interviews in search of speech patterns and contextual clues indicating psychological disorders.However,text-based AI has its limitations.Cultural distinction,language barriers,and varying levels of fluency in language can impact the results.It has also been demonstrated that LLMs have a tendency to mirror the linguistic discriminations in society.In one study,an LLM failed to diagnose depression in black patients compared with white patients. Consequently,the novel methods currently under development do not focus on individual words but on the way those words are spoken.An AI model,for example,is intended to detect slight changes in a patient’s voice.The researchers assume that individuals with depression may possess distinctive ways of speaking that are not very noticeable for the human to detect. The system uses “pre-training”,a technique by which the model is initially exposed to vast quantities of general speech,to help it recognize complex speech patterns.These patterns might include variations in rhythm,pitch (音高) variability and voice quality that human can rarely catch.This pre-training acts as a linguistic tuning fork,enabling the system to pick out complex variations in speech that might potentially signal depression,without the necessity of comprehending the words themselves.Subsequently,the researchers adjusted,or “fine-tuned” this general-purpose system specifically for the detection of depression with the aid of recordings of patients with depression.This method was 95% accurate when tasked with categorizing its severity based on one clinical rating extent. Diagnosis,though valuable,is only the first step.Different people with the same condition often require customized treatments for the symptoms (症状) they find most troubling.The next step for this promising technology seems self-evident—build AI models that can help doctors personalize the treatments they give to patients. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了如何利用人工智能技术,特别是语言模型,来改善心理健康状况的诊断过程。 9.What’s the challenge text-based AI faces in paragraph 2? A.It cannot deeply analyze speech patterns. B.It cannot reflect linguistic discriminations. C.It cannot correctly recognize contextual clues. D.It cannot avoid influences from linguistic factors. 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第二段的“However,text-based AI has its...the linguistic discriminations in society.”可知,基于文本的AI有其局限性。文化差异、语言障碍以及语言流利程度的不同都可能影响结果。此外,大型语言模型有反映社会中语言歧视的倾向。由此可知,基于文本的AI会受到多种语言因素的影响。故选D。D项的“linguistic factors”指的是文中的“language barriers”“varying levels of fluency in language”和“linguistic discriminations”。] 10.Why is there pre-training on vast quantities of general speech? A.To recognize complex word patterns. B.To pick out variations in symptoms. C.To identify complicated voice patterns. D.To understand the words themselves. 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第四段的“The system uses ‘pre-training’...to help it recognize complex speech patterns.”可知,“预训练”技术最初接触大量的普通语音,以帮助其识别复杂的语音模式。故选C。C 项的“complicated voice patterns”与文中的“complex speech patterns”是同义互换。] 11.How will the AI-based technology further develop? A.It will promote its accuracy. B.It will offer tailored treatments. C.It will diversify its functions. D.It will provide a personal diagnosis. 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The next step for this promising technology seems self-evident...personalize the treatments they give to patients.”可知,基于AI的技术的下一步是构建能够帮助医生为患者进行个性化治疗的AI模型。故选B。B项的“tailored”与文中的“personalize”是同义转换。] 12.What can be the best title for the text? A.Promising AI Treatment B.Diagnosing Mental Disorders with AI C.Language Models with AI D.Applying AI to Mental Health Treatment 答案　B　[标题归纳题。本文主要讨论了如何利用人工智能技术,特别是语言模型,来改善心理健康状况的诊断过程。文章探讨了传统诊断方法的局限性,以及新兴AI技术在诊断中的应用和发展。B项“用AI诊断心理疾病”作本文标题最佳。] D (2026·青岛高三年级第一次适应性检测) The chaos of travel through Los Angeles International Airport(LAX) calms down when you walk into the Orchestrina.At the start of a 1,000-foot-long hallway connecting Tom Bradley International Terminal’s (航站楼) Great Hall to its west gates,the light softens to blue.What amazes passengers is the gentle waves of music that greet them as they are carried through the terminal by the moving sidewalk.Along the way,the music shifts between 30 compositions from well-known artists. The Orchestrina,a piece of public art equipment from radio station dublab,is part of a new three-year contract for the station to program live music and sound art at LAX.It’s an introduction to L.A.’s experimental music and art scenes.As passengers are on edge over the many things going wrong in the skies these days,the Orchestrina offers an experience of tasteful,mental peace. “That’s absolutely the intention,to offer,like,a break from the fast-paced urban schedule,”said Cohen,executive director of dublab.“There’s a really interesting effect when you enter the hallway,coming down this long set of stairs and entering this blue light that completely surrounds you with music and field recordings where you can hear birds and wind passing through grass.” There are many events planned for the three years to come,as dublab tries to make one of the most awful locations in the county somewhere you might intend staying longer and listening. “We desire to reflect our city,and I think we’ve got to bake the arts programming in as part of that.At the end of the day,we’re all just human beings using these public spaces,” explained Sarah Cifarelli,LAX Art Program Director.“That’s part of the point,though—to show off the city for anyone looking closely and make it gentler for anyone passing through.These are the things that you kind of live for,you work for,being part of the heartbeat of the city,” Cohen said.“It’s another step towards being integrated into the city whether intentionally or not.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了洛杉矶国际机场的公共艺术设备Orchestrina。该项目旨在让旅客从快节奏的城市生活中得到片刻休息,也展示了城市特色。 13.What impresses the passengers when they walk into the Orchestrina? A.The long hallway. B.The blue light. C.The moving sidewalk. D.The relaxing music. 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“What amazes passengers is the gentle waves of music that greet them as they are carried through the terminal by the moving sidewalk.”可知,当乘客被移动的人行道带着穿过航站楼时,迎接他们的轻柔音乐浪潮让他们感到惊奇,即令人放松的音乐给乘客留下了深刻印象,故选D。] 14.What will dublab’s three-year project bring according to Cohen? A.A refreshing interaction with nature. B.A momentary escape from busy routine. C.The increase in LAX’s commercial value. D.The promotion of local artists and their music. 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As passengers are on edge...of tasteful,mental peace.”以及第三段中的“‘That’s absolutely the intention,to offer,like,a break from the fast-paced urban schedule,’said Cohen”可知,现在乘客们对空中出现的很多问题感到紧张不安,而Orchestrina提供了一种高雅、精神平静的体验,其目的是让人们从快节奏的城市日程中得到休息,也就是从忙碌日常中短暂逃离。故选B。] 15.What is the arts programming aimed at? A.Making full use of public spaces. B.Prioritizing showing off the city. C.Being mixed into the city’s identity. D.Speeding up the city’s development. 答案　C　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Sarah Cifarelli所说的话“We desire to reflect our city,and I think we’ve got to bake the arts programming in as part of that.”可知,他们希望展现他们的城市,并且认为必须把艺术节目编排融入其中。结合Cohen所说的“It’s another step towards being integrated into the city whether intentionally or not.”可推知,该艺术项目是朝着融入城市特色迈进的一步,即其目标是融入城市特色。故选C。] 16.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A.Dublab’s Music:a Relief from Stress B.Exploring LAX:Finding Peace in Light C.LAX’s New Art Program:Peace in Chaos D.Orchestrina:a High-tech Design in the City 答案　C　[标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了洛杉矶国际机场的Orchestrina这一艺术项目,包括其带给乘客的独特体验(如音乐、灯光等)、该项目的背景(作为LAX新合同的一部分)和意图(让旅客从快节奏的生活中得到休息)以及它与城市的关系(反映城市、融入城市身份)。故C项为最佳标题。A项只强调了音乐缓解压力,没有突出机场这个背景;B项“在灯光中寻找宁静”偏离了文章重点(音乐带来宁静);D项“高科技设计”在文中未体现。] A篇 hard-wearing adj.耐磨的,经久耐用的　attachment n.附件,附加装置　3D-printed adj.3D打印的　newfound adj.新获得的,新发现的　breathable adj.透气的(breathe+后缀-able“可/能……”)　custom n.风俗→adj.定制的,定做的(文章义:custom assistive technology)　bridge n.桥→v.弥合(差距、分歧)(文章义:bridging the gap)　assist v.协助,帮助→assistant n.助手,助理,副手→assistive adj.为残疾人设计的　hold sb back阻碍某人,使某人退缩　slip out滑落,溜走 B篇 pioneering adj.开创性的,先驱的　botanical adj.植物学的;植物的　herb n.草药;香草　course n.课程;过程→方向,做法(文章义:change course)　leaf n.叶子→v.快速翻阅(文章义:leafing through)　property n.财产;房产→特性,属性(文章义:properties of Chinese herbs)　add v.添加→addition n.添加物→additional adj.附加的　clinical trial n.临床试验　unlock the potential of释放……的潜力　leaf through匆匆翻阅 C篇 diagnosis n.诊断(复数:diagnoses)　linguistic adj.语言的;语言学的　discrimination n.歧视;辨别　fine-tune v.微调,精调　categorize v.将……分类　symptom n.症状　sensible adj.明智的;合理的,切合实际的　noticeable adj.显而易见的,明显的　pre-training n.预训练(前缀pre-“前”+training)　novel n.小说→adj.新颖的,新的(文章义:novel methods)　context n.环境;上下文→contextual adj.上下文的,前后关系的　be subject to受……影响;取决于;易遭受　be tasked with被赋予……的任务 D篇 composition n.(音乐、艺术)作品;作曲;构成　program n.程序;节目→v.安排(节目),为……制订节目(文章义:to program live music)　bake v.烘烤→使融入,使(思想、计划等)固定下来(文章义:bake the arts programming in)　experiment n.实验,试验v.做试验,进行实验→experimental adj.实验性的,试验性的　taste n.品味→tasteful adj.有品位的,高雅的　fast-paced adj.快节奏的　be on edge紧张不安,烦躁　at the end of the day说到底,终究　be integrated into被融入……之中 一、核心方法论（重点，先掌握再做题） （一）主旨大意题核心考查点 主旨大意题是高考阅读的高频题型（通常每篇1题，4篇共4题，占阅读总分10%），核心考查：对文章整体内容的概括能力、对作者写作意图的判断能力、对段落逻辑的梳理能力，不考查细节理解，但需要结合细节推断主旨。 常见提问方式（熟记，快速识别题型）： What does the text mainly tell us?（全文主旨） What is the best title for the text?（标题归纳，属于主旨题的变形） What does paragraph X mainly talk about?（段落主旨） （二）三步做题法（可直接套用，降低失误） 第一步：定位“主旨句”（关键一步） 主旨句通常藏在3个位置，优先找这3处，找不到再结合全文推断： 首段首尾句：尤其是记叙文、说明文，开篇常交代“人物/事件/话题”，是主旨的核心出处（如A篇首段交代“Aubrey天生无手，热爱打鼓却遇阻碍”，奠定全文核心）。 末段首尾句：很多文章会在结尾总结观点、升华主题（如A篇末段“技术弥合局限与梦想的差距”，是全文主旨）。 段落转折处：but、however、therefore、in fact等词后面，往往是作者真正想表达的观点（如B篇首段“but Cheng didn’t let the idea go”，引出全文核心“开发植物抗癌药”）。 第二步：排除“干扰项”（避免踩坑，重点突破） 主旨题干扰项有3个典型特征，自学时牢记，逐一排除： 细节化：只涉及文章某一个细节，不能概括全文（如A篇干扰项“介绍3D打印义肢的制作”，只是文章部分内容，不是主旨）。 过度拔高：超出文章范围，加入作者未提及的观点（如C篇干扰项“AI将完全替代医生诊断”，文章未提及“完全替代”，属于过度拔高）。 偏离主题：话题与文章核心不一致（如D篇干扰项“介绍洛杉矶国际机场的设施”，文章核心是“机场的艺术项目”，并非整体设施）。 第三步：验证“一致性”（确保正确率） 选出答案后，快速验证：选项中的关键词，是否在文章首尾段、各段落核心句中反复出现（如A篇“technology”“drumming”“limitations”“dreams”反复出现，对应答案D）；选项是否能覆盖全文所有核心段落，没有遗漏关键内容。 （三）分层解题技巧（适配不同基础，可针对性突破） 基础层（正确率60%+，必掌握） 1. 优先找首尾段主旨句，直接匹配选项，不纠结细节； 2. 遇到段落主旨题，重点看该段落的首尾句和转折句，与全文主旨无关的细节可忽略； 3. 标题题优先选“简洁、包含核心关键词”的选项，避免冗长、片面的选项。 提高层（正确率80%+，重点突破） 1. 若文章无明显主旨句，需梳理“核心人物/事件+结果/影响”（记叙文）、“话题+观点+论证”（说明文），概括全文核心； 2. 注意作者的情感态度（如B篇对Cheng的肯定，对应“植物药物的价值”，排除否定、中立的干扰项）； 3. 区分“全文主旨”和“段落主旨”，避免用段落主旨代替全文主旨（如C篇第7题是段落主旨，仅围绕“YIV-906的效果”，不涉及全文的AI诊断）。 拔高层（正确率90%+，拓展提升） 1. 分析文章结构（总分、分总、总分总），根据结构判断主旨句位置（总分结构首段是主旨，分总结构末段是主旨）； 2. 注意“高频词”和“同义替换”，高频词往往是主旨关键词，同义替换是命题重点（如C篇“personalize”与“tailored”同义，对应选项B）； 3. 做完题后，反向推导：若以该选项为标题，文章应该围绕什么内容展开，是否与原文一致。 二、分层题型练习（贴合高考真题，可限时训练） 说明：以下练习均来自原文，按“基础—提高—拔高”分层，建议先做对应层次，再逐步提升；限时训练（基础层10分钟，提高层12分钟，拔高层15分钟），做完对照解析，重点分析“错误原因”。 （一）基础层练习（4题，侧重主旨句定位） What does the text in Passage A mainly tell us?（ ） A. A 12-year-old girl masters martial arts and art. B. B. Engineering students design prostheses for a girl. C. Technology helps a girl pursue her drumming dream. D. A program helps children with special needs. What is the best title for Passage D?（ ） A. LAX’s Orchestrina: Music for Passengers B. Dublab’s Three-Year Project at LAX C. Public Art in Los Angeles Airports D. Finding Peace in LAX’s Chaos What does paragraph 3 in Passage B mainly talk about?（ ） A. The process of developing YIV-906. B. The effectiveness of YIV-906 in trials. C. The number of patients in the trials. D. The side effects of YIV-906. What is the core topic of Passage C?（ ） A. The limitations of traditional mental health diagnosis. B. AI technology for mental health diagnosis. C. The accuracy of AI in diagnosing depression. D. Personalized treatments for mental health. （二）提高层练习（4题，侧重干扰项排除） Which of the following can be the best title for Passage A?（ ） A. 3D-Printed Prostheses: A New Invention B. Overcoming Limitations with Technology C. Aubrey’s Dream of Becoming a Drummer D. A Program for Children with Special Needs What does the text in Passage B mainly want to tell us?（ ） A. Ancient Chinese medicine is useful for cancer. B. Cheng’s team developed a new cancer drug. C. Botanical drugs have great potential in cancer treatment. D. Western medicine and Eastern medicine should be combined. What does paragraph 2 in Passage C mainly discuss?（ ） A. The advantages of text-based AI in diagnosis. B. The limitations of text-based AI in mental health diagnosis. C. The way text-based AI diagnoses mental disorders. D. The problem of linguistic discrimination in AI. What is the main purpose of the Orchestrina in Passage D?（ ） A. To show L.A.’s experimental music and art. B. To make passengers feel relaxed in the airport. C. To sign a three-year contract with LAX. D. To attract passengers to stay longer at LAX. （三）拔高层练习（4题，侧重结构分析与主旨概括） What is the main idea of Passage A?（ ） A. A girl with no hands never gives up her dreams. B. Technology can help people break through limitations and pursue dreams. C. Engineering students create useful devices for the disabled. D. A program helps students practice engineering skills. Which title best reflects the core of Passage B?（ ） A. A Pioneering Idea: Botanical Drugs for Cancer B. YIV-906: A Breakthrough in Cancer Treatment C. Cheng’s Journey to Develop Botanical Drugs D. The Combination of Western and Eastern Medicine What does the text in Passage C mainly discuss?（ ） A. How AI can replace doctors in mental health diagnosis. B. The development of AI in mental health diagnosis and its future. C. The advantages of AI over traditional diagnosis methods. D. The process of training AI to diagnose mental disorders. What is the main message of Passage D?（ ） A. Public art can make public spaces more comfortable and reflective of the city. B. LAX is trying to improve passengers’ travel experience. C. Dublab’s program brings music to LAX passengers. D. Orchestrina is a unique public art equipment in L.A. （四）练习答案与解析（核对，重点看错误原因） 基础层答案：1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 解析：1. 定位A篇末段主旨句“bridging the gap between limitations and ambitions through technology”，核心是“技术帮助女孩实现打鼓梦想”，选C；A、B、D均为细节，不能概括全文。 2. 定位D篇首尾段，核心是“LAX的Orchestrina艺术项目，在混乱的机场中给乘客带来宁静”，D项贴合主旨；A、B、C均片面。 3. 定位B篇第3段首尾句，核心是“YIV-906的测试效果”，选B；A、C、D均为细节。 4. 定位C篇首段和末段，核心是“AI技术用于心理健康诊断”，选B；A是传统方法的局限，C是AI的一个细节，D是未来发展，均不是核心。 提高层答案：1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 解析：1. A项“3D打印义肢”是细节，C项“女孩的梦想”片面，D项“项目”是背景，B项“用技术克服局限”贴合全文主旨，选B。 2. A项“中药有用”片面，B项“开发新药”是过程，D项“中西医结合”是未来方向，C项“植物药物在癌症治疗中的潜力”是全文核心，选C。 3. 第2段首句“However, text-based AI has its limitations”是核心，后面具体说明局限，选B；A与原文相反，C、D是局限的具体表现，不是段落主旨。 4. 定位D篇第2、3段，“offer an experience of tasteful, mental peace”“a break from the fast-paced urban schedule”，核心目的是让乘客放松，选B；A是附加意义，C是背景，D是干扰项。 拔高层答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 解析：1. A项“女孩不放弃”是精神，C项“学生创造设备”是过程，D项“项目”是背景，B项“技术帮助人们突破局限、追求梦想”是全文升华的主旨，选B。 2. 全文围绕“Cheng的开创性想法——开发植物抗癌药”展开，A项贴合核心；B项“YIV-906”是具体成果，C项“Cheng的旅程”是过程，D项“中西医结合”是未来方向，均不是核心。 C篇结构是“传统方法局限→文本AI局限→新型AI诊断→未来发展”，核心是“AI在心理健康诊断中的发展及未来”，选B；A项“替代医生”未提及，C、D均是部分内容。 D篇核心是“公共艺术（Orchestrina）让机场更舒适，同时反映城市特色”，A项贴合主旨；B、C、D均片面，未体现“公共艺术与城市的关联”。 三、核心词汇总结（分层梳理，重点突破派生词） 说明：按“基础词汇（必背）—派生词（重点）—高频短语（必考）”分层，派生词标注“词根+后缀”，帮助记忆，同时关联原文语境，便于结合阅读巩固，形成词汇网络。 （一）基础词汇（必背，阅读高频，无难度） 词汇 词性 中文释义 原文语境提示 prosthesis n. 义肢 A篇：3D-printed prostheses for drumming botanical adj. 植物的 B篇：botanical drugs（植物药物） herb n. 草药 B篇：properties of Chinese herbs（中草药特性） diagnosis n. 诊断 C篇：diagnosis of mental-health conditions composition n. （音乐）作品 D篇：30 compositions from well-known artists symptom n. 症状 C篇：customized treatments for the symptoms （二）派生词（重点，高考高频，自学重点记忆，标注词根+后缀） 核心逻辑：词根决定词义，后缀改变词性，掌握规律可快速记忆一组词，形成词汇网络。 词根/原词 派生词 词性 中文释义 构词法（词根+后缀） 原文语境 assist（v. 帮助） assistive adj. 为残疾人设计的 assist（帮助）+ -ive（形容词后缀） A篇：custom assistive technology assist（v. 帮助） assistant n. 助手，助理 assist（帮助）+ -ant（名词后缀，表人） 补充：阅读中常见搭配assistant professor（助理教授） breathe（v. 呼吸） breathable adj. 透气的 breath（n. 呼吸，由breathe变形）+ -able（形容词后缀，表“可……的”） A篇：make it a little bit more breathable custom（n. 风俗） custom adj. 定制的 词性转换（名词→形容词，词义引申） A篇：custom assistive technology add（v. 添加） additional adj. 附加的，额外的 addition（n. 添加，add+ -ition）+ -al（形容词后缀） B篇：years of additional testing experiment（v./n. 实验） experimental adj. 实验性的 experiment + -al（形容词后缀） D篇：L.A.’s experimental music and art scenes taste（n. 品味） tasteful adj. 有品位的，高雅的 taste + -ful（形容词后缀，表“充满……的”） D篇：an experience of tasteful, mental peace notice（v. 注意） noticeable adj. 明显的，显而易见的 notice + -able（形容词后缀，表“可……的”） C篇：ways of speaking that are not very noticeable linguist（n. 语言学家） linguistic adj. 语言的，语言学的 linguist + -ic（形容词后缀） C篇：linguistic barriers, linguistic discriminations novel（n. 小说） novel adj. 新颖的，新的 词性转换（名词→形容词，词义引申） C篇：novel methods currently under development context（n. 上下文） contextual adj. 上下文的，前后关系的 context + -ual（形容词后缀） C篇：contextual clues indicating psychological disorders integrate（v. 融入） integrated adj. 融入的，一体化的 integrate + -ed（形容词后缀） D篇：being integrated into the city （三）高频短语（必考，结合原文语境记忆，避免死记硬背） hold sb back 阻碍某人，使某人退缩（A篇：never let limitations hold her back） slip out 滑落，溜走（A篇：how could she hold the drumsticks without them slipping out） bridge the gap 弥合（差距、分歧）（A篇：bridging the gap between limitations and ambitions） unlock the potential of 释放……的潜力（B篇：unlock the potential of ancient Chinese medicines） leaf through 匆匆翻阅，快速浏览（B篇：spent hours leafing through ancient Chinese texts） be subject to 受……影响；取决于（C篇：the diagnoses are ultimately subject to a degree of subjectivity） be tasked with 被赋予……的任务（C篇：This method was 95% accurate when tasked with categorizing its severity） be on edge 紧张不安，烦躁（D篇：As passengers are on edge over the many things going wrong） at the end of the day 说到底，终究（D篇：At the end of the day, we’re all just human beings） be integrated into 被融入……之中（D篇：It’s another step towards being integrated into the city） 四、知识网络整合（总结，强化记忆，避免碎片化） （一）主旨大意题 知识框架 核心目标：概括全文/段落核心，判断作者意图→ 解题三步法（定位主旨句→排除干扰项→验证一致性）→ 分层技巧（基础：找首尾句；提高：排除干扰；拔高：分析结构）→ 题型变形（全文主旨、段落主旨、标题归纳）。 （二）词汇知识网络 1. 派生词规律：动词+后缀（-ive/-ant/-al/-able）→ 形容词/名词；名词+后缀（-ful/-ic/-ual）→ 形容词；词性转换（如custom、novel）。 2. 词汇关联：围绕“技术、医疗、艺术、心理”四大话题（对应4篇原文），将基础词汇、派生词、短语分类关联，如“技术类”（3D-printed、prosthesis、assistive、custom），“医疗类”（diagnosis、symptom、botanical、herb）。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 步步破题：高考阅读题型全解--主旨大意题 (限时:25分钟　满分:40分) A (2026·济南高三学习质量检测) Despite being born without hands,12-year-old Aubrey Sauvie has never let limitations hold her back.From mastering martial arts (武术) to expressing herself through art,she advances bravely in a world that often prioritizes physical ability.However,her passion for drumming presented a special barrier:how could she hold the drumsticks without them slipping out? Aware of Aubrey’s problem,her band director proposed her for Tech Engineering for Kids,a program which is run through a junior-level engineering course of the Tennessee Tech University.It involves students working in teams to design a form of custom assistive technology for children with special needs.Up to now,they have created toys and devices for children with sensory disorder. Learning about Aubrey’s story,a team of ten engineering students of the program decided to create 3D-printed prostheses (义肢) specifically designed for drumming.They would send a certain design to Aubrey,who would then provide feedback,like “I think this is good,but it’s a little bit long.Could it be shortened?” or “It’s a little bit hot on my arm.Could you potentially,like,make it a little bit more breathable?”.The team created about six iterations of the prostheses until they were satisfied with the final product,which was not only hard-wearing but also flexible,allowing for drumstick attachments on both arms.This innovation not only improved sound quality but also provided the flexibility needed for advanced drumming techniques. Aubrey was very grateful for this technical solution. “I was really excited that I was going to be able to use the new prostheses and try them out,” she remarked.“They are becoming a very useful and creative tool to help me with my drumming.“With her newfound drumming freedom,Aubrey sets her sights on mastering a full drum set.Meanwhile,Tech Engineering for Kids readies itself to extend its reach,bridging the gap between limitations and ambitions through technology. 1.What troubles Aubrey a lot? A.Lacking passion for sports. B.Having no talent for music. C.Inaccessibility to expert training. D.Inability to operate an instrument. 2.What is Tech Engineering for Kids intended to do? A.Offer engineering courses. B.Design sustainable devices. C.Create personalized adaptive tools. D.Improve users’ overall experience. 3.Which can replace the underlined word “iterations” in paragraph 3? A.Uses. B.Versions. C.Materials. D.Kinds. 4.What does the text mainly tell us? A.Limitations bring down people’s creativity. B.Ambitions fuel the desires of the disabled. C.Science breaks down the barriers among people. D.Technology empowers people to pursue dreams. B (2026·南京、盐城高三第一学期调研测试) More than 20 years ago,Yung-Chi Cheng,a Yale professor in drug development for cancer,had a pioneering idea:what if he could unlock the potential of ancient Chinese medicines for treating cancer? What if he could design botanical drugs that would make traditional cancer treatments work better? No one had done it before.Fellow researchers and experts advised him to change course,because developing botanical drugs was too complicated and too risky.But Cheng didn’t let the idea go. Now,in a landmark moment for cancer research,Cheng and research partners are launching the first international clinical trial for a botanical drug,YIV-906.Shwu-Huey Liu,a postdoctoral researcher in Cheng’s Yale lab,spent hours leafing through ancient Chinese texts at Yale’s library,seeking the properties of Chinese herbs.She returned with Huang Qin Tang,a 1,800-year-old treatment for stomach illnesses,based on which the team developed a drug and tested it on one thousand mice. What followed were years of additional testing of the drug’s effectiveness for a range of cancers in multiple human studies involving over 200 patients.The positive effects displayed again and again.YIV-906 not only reduced the side effects of radiation treatment,but also led to faster recovery and longer survival rates. All they need now are larger data sets.When the results of the international trial are available about three years from now,YIV-906 may find itself next in a long line of breakthrough drugs developed from natural products,which includes a malaria (疟疾) treatment developed from the Chinese herb qinghao,the discovery of which led to a Nobel Prize for chemist Tu Youyou. It has been a long journey,but if Cheng and his team are successful,it could create a new approach for treating cancer.They called the new approach “WE” medicine,a combination of Western medicine and Eastern medicine.“It’s a totally new model.I’ve met with a lot of doubt,but I think the results will speak for themselves,” Cheng said. 5.What did fellow researchers initially think of Cheng’s research? A.Creative. B.Comprehensive. C.Conventional. D.Challenging. 6.Why did Liu refer to ancient Chinese texts? A.She wanted to question ancient treatment methods. B.She desired to find inspiration for treating diseases. C.She tried to document the history of Chinese herbs. D.She determined to find a cure for stomach illnesses. 7.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.The steps of the drug testing. B.The application of YIV-906. C.The effects of the clinical trial. D.The effectiveness of YIV-906. 8.Why does the author mention Chinese herb qinghao? A.To illustrate the value of botanical drugs. B.To advocate the adoption of “WE” medicine. C.To praise Tu’s contributions to drug development. D.To highlight its success in medicine development. C (2026·沈阳高中三年级教学质量监测) Traditional methods employed for the diagnosis (诊断) of mental-health conditions require that patients engage in direct communication with a doctor.While these methods appear sensible in theory,such assessments can,in practical terms,extend over a period of several months,and furthermore,the diagnoses are ultimately subject to a degree of subjectivity. It is precisely for this reason that scientists are actively involved in experimental efforts to automate this diagnostic process.For instance,large language models (LLMs) possess the capacity to analyze literally recorded interviews in search of speech patterns and contextual clues indicating psychological disorders.However,text-based AI has its limitations.Cultural distinction,language barriers,and varying levels of fluency in language can impact the results.It has also been demonstrated that LLMs have a tendency to mirror the linguistic discriminations in society.In one study,an LLM failed to diagnose depression in black patients compared with white patients. Consequently,the novel methods currently under development do not focus on individual words but on the way those words are spoken.An AI model,for example,is intended to detect slight changes in a patient’s voice.The researchers assume that individuals with depression may possess distinctive ways of speaking that are not very noticeable for the human to detect. The system uses “pre-training”,a technique by which the model is initially exposed to vast quantities of general speech,to help it recognize complex speech patterns.These patterns might include variations in rhythm,pitch (音高) variability and voice quality that human can rarely catch.This pre-training acts as a linguistic tuning fork,enabling the system to pick out complex variations in speech that might potentially signal depression,without the necessity of comprehending the words themselves.Subsequently,the researchers adjusted,or “fine-tuned” this general-purpose system specifically for the detection of depression with the aid of recordings of patients with depression.This method was 95% accurate when tasked with categorizing its severity based on one clinical rating extent. Diagnosis,though valuable,is only the first step.Different people with the same condition often require customized treatments for the symptoms (症状) they find most troubling.The next step for this promising technology seems self-evident—build AI models that can help doctors personalize the treatments they give to patients. 9.What’s the challenge text-based AI faces in paragraph 2? A.It cannot deeply analyze speech patterns. B.It cannot reflect linguistic discriminations. C.It cannot correctly recognize contextual clues. D.It cannot avoid influences from linguistic factors. 10.Why is there pre-training on vast quantities of general speech? A.To recognize complex word patterns. B.To pick out variations in symptoms. C.To identify complicated voice patterns. D.To understand the words themselves. 11.How will the AI-based technology further develop? A.It will promote its accuracy. B.It will offer tailored treatments. C.It will diversify its functions. D.It will provide a personal diagnosis. 12.What can be the best title for the text? A.Promising AI Treatment B.Diagnosing Mental Disorders with AI C.Language Models with AI D.Applying AI to Mental Health Treatment D (2026·青岛高三年级第一次适应性检测) The chaos of travel through Los Angeles International Airport(LAX) calms down when you walk into the Orchestrina.At the start of a 1,000-foot-long hallway connecting Tom Bradley International Terminal’s (航站楼) Great Hall to its west gates,the light softens to blue.What amazes passengers is the gentle waves of music that greet them as they are carried through the terminal by the moving sidewalk.Along the way,the music shifts between 30 compositions from well-known artists. The Orchestrina,a piece of public art equipment from radio station dublab,is part of a new three-year contract for the station to program live music and sound art at LAX.It’s an introduction to L.A.’s experimental music and art scenes.As passengers are on edge over the many things going wrong in the skies these days,the Orchestrina offers an experience of tasteful,mental peace. “That’s absolutely the intention,to offer,like,a break from the fast-paced urban schedule,”said Cohen,executive director of dublab.“There’s a really interesting effect when you enter the hallway,coming down this long set of stairs and entering this blue light that completely surrounds you with music and field recordings where you can hear birds and wind passing through grass.” There are many events planned for the three years to come,as dublab tries to make one of the most awful locations in the county somewhere you might intend staying longer and listening. “We desire to reflect our city,and I think we’ve got to bake the arts programming in as part of that.At the end of the day,we’re all just human beings using these public spaces,” explained Sarah Cifarelli,LAX Art Program Director.“That’s part of the point,though—to show off the city for anyone looking closely and make it gentler for anyone passing through.These are the things that you kind of live for,you work for,being part of the heartbeat of the city,” Cohen said.“It’s another step towards being integrated into the city whether intentionally or not.” 13.What impresses the passengers when they walk into the Orchestrina? A.The long hallway. B.The blue light. C.The moving sidewalk. D.The relaxing music. 14.What will dublab’s three-year project bring according to Cohen? A.A refreshing interaction with nature. B.A momentary escape from busy routine. C.The increase in LAX’s commercial value. D.The promotion of local artists and their music. 15.What is the arts programming aimed at? A.Making full use of public spaces. B.Prioritizing showing off the city. C.Being mixed into the city’s identity. D.Speeding up the city’s development. 16.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A.Dublab’s Music:a Relief from Stress B.Exploring LAX:Finding Peace in Light C.LAX’s New Art Program:Peace in Chaos D.Orchestrina:a High-tech Design in the City 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $