第2章 10.专题十 句子种类与简单句的基本类型（正文）-【中考零障碍】2026年广东中考英语复习

专题十句子种类与简单句的基本类型 知识导图 陈述句（肯定句和否定句） 般疑问句：用Yes或No来回答 疑问句 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词；how词组 选择疑问句：提供两个或以上可能的答案 句子种类 商定形究， 祈使句 否定形式 Don't/Never+动词原形+其他 No+名词/动名词+其他 What引导 感叹句 How引导 教材语境 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. do/don't)arrive late for class.You must be on time (RJ7B U4) 温故知新：祈使句的do型用法，助动词放在谓语动词之前。 2. -I worked as a guide at the Natural History Museum -Really? (what/how)interesting! (RJ7B U12) 温故知新：How引导的感叹句的结构为How+ad./adw.(+主语+谓语)！ 3. -Did you buy anything special? —No,I (buys/bought)nothing (RJ8A U1) 温故知新：主+谓+宾(S+V+O)是简单句的基本句型之一。 中考链接 a shopping mall near Peter's home. (2024广东语法选择) A.There is B.It is C.They are 点拨：考查存现句。由句意“Peter家附近有一家购物中心”可知，此处表示“某地有…”，用 there be结构，且由后面的a shopping mall可知，此处表示单数，故用There is。 考点解读 广东省近5年中考统计情况 考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 题型 (35)How excited how引导的感叹句 语法选择 David was! (33)There is a there be句型 语法选择 shopping mall. (注：括号中的数字表示题号) LZAZK 240 YY 第1讲句子种类 考向1》 陈述句 I want 肯定句 He/She + to stay here. We/You/They I don't want do not =don't 否定句 He/She X doesn't want to stay here. does not =doesn't We/You/They don't want 考向2》 疑问句 考点①一般疑问句 1.以be动词开头。 he/she doing housework? you/they I am. Yes, he/she we/they 回答 I am not. is not =isn't No, he/she are not =aren't we/they 2.以情态动词开头。 he/she Can+ do housework? you/they he/she Yes,+ can. I/we/they 回答 he/she No, + cannot can't I/we/they 3.以助动词do或does(如果是过去时，用did)开头。 Does he/she do housework? you/they he/she Yes, + I/we/they 回答 he/she No, I/we/they LZAZK 241 YY 考点2特殊疑问句 is your favorite subject? What their favorite subjects? My favorite subject is history. Their favorite subjects history and math. do you/they How+ +go to school? he/she I/We/They go to school by bus. He/She (如何)， (年龄) (地，点)，when/what time(时间) how many/,much(数量) 常见的特 (原因)，which(哪一个) (频率)， (价格) 殊疑问词 who/whom( ),whose(谁的) how long(长度，时间)，how far(距离) what(什么)， (什么颜色) 考点3选择疑问句 选择疑问句就是提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择的问句。回答选择疑问句时一 般要选择其一，有的时候会有第三种答案。 Is he/she tall or short? you/they He/She is tall.Tall.He isn't tall or short.He's of medium height. We/They do Which season you/they like better,summer or winter? he/she I/We/They like winter. He/She Winter./Neither.Autumn is my favorite season. 考向3》 祈使句 肯定句：Do+.—Have a seat,please..请坐。 Do型 否定句： +do+.一Please don't make a noise.请不要制造噪音。 肯定句：Be+ad./n.+.一Be quiet.保持安静。 Be型 否定句： +be+ad./n.+一Don't be afraid.不要害怕。 肯定句：Let+sb.+do+-Let's go to the library.我们去图书馆吧。 Let型 否定句：Let+sb.+not do+.一Let's not hurry.我们不要着急。 No型 +n./,.-ing一No smoking.禁止吸烟。 LZAZK 242 YY 对点专练 悬础练—回归教材 1.However,not everybody (enjoy)watching these shows.(RJ8A U4) 2. it eat meat?-No,it doesn't.(WY7A M6) 3. does Mary get to school?-She takes the subway.(RJ7B U3) 4.At 6:00 a.m.,my mom says, （get/getting）up now and make your bed!” (RJ7B U4) 分层练—链接中考 ()5. 一 do you tidy your own room? -Twice a week. A.How often B.How soon C.How long ()6. is it from our home to the museum,Dad? -It's about two kilometers. A.How far B.How often C.How soon )7.-Attention,please! inside because of the heavy rain. -We will,Mr.Li. A.To stay B.Stay C.Staying 考向④》感叹句 1.感叹词。 感叹词是用以表示喜怒哀乐等感情或情绪的词。它不构成句子中的语法成分，却在意义 上与句子有关联。 感叹词 意义 例子 Hello,is anybody here? hi,hello,hey 打招呼；引起注意 Hi,Kevin,do you often travel by air? hmm,um,uh,eh 表示停顿或思考 Hmm,maybe we can buy this car. well 表示让步、期望、犹豫等 Well,I will clean up my room later. 表示喜悦、惊奇、惊喜、 Ah,how beautiful！ ah,oh,wow 赞叹等 Wow,that cake looks delicious! 表示抱歉或用于请求别人 Pardon,I didn't hear you.Can you repeat pardon 重复做某事 that? oh,dear 表示懊恼、后悔、指责等 Dear,dear!I lost my keys. Oh!Be quiet.The baby is sleeping. ouch 表示疼痛 Ouch！I hurt my feet.. LZAZK 243 YY 2.感叹句的结构。 感叹句是用以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情和态度的句子。 What引导 H0w引导 What an interesting poem it is! How interesting +the poem is! What bad weather it is！ How bad +the weather is! (a/an)+adj.+n. What +pron.+v.)！ How adj./adv.(+n./pron.+v.)! Noun Phrase 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.Our teacher decided to start a girls'football team and I thought, what/how)a great idea!”(WY8BM4) 2. (what/how）fast China is developing！ 3. what an/how an)interesting storybook it is! 二、微语境练。请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空。 do how find what let One day,Tom went to visit Sarah and 1. she was watching TV.He asked, 2 you finish your homework?"Sarah answered,"No,I don't.3. us go to the library to do our homework！”“4. a good idea!"Tom said.Then he asked, “5. do we go to the library?""Take a taxi."she said.Then,they went to the library and did their homework together 直击中考 一、感叹句在语法选择中的运用。 分析广东省近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，感叹句考查2次，考查How引导的感叹 句。做该题型时，我们需要判断感叹句的引导词是用What还是How。 语篇训练 It is a warm and sunny day in spring.We go hiking in the forest.We see different kinds of flowers.1 beautiful they are!The trees are green and strong!There are also some cute animals. Look,2 lovely rabbit!How high the birds fly!We have a picnic and take lots of photos there. 3 interesting trip it is!All of us have a wonderful time. ( )1.A.What B.What a C.How ( )2.A.what B.what a C.how )3.A.How B.What a C.What an LZAZK 244 YY 二、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句在回答问题中的运用。 分析广东省近6年中考真题可知，在回答问题中，特殊疑问词what考查l0次、who/whom 考查4次、when考查3次、where考查3次、how(how often,how long,how many)考查6次、 which考查1次、why考查2次，并且2022年、2023年和2025年都考查了选择疑问句。 语篇训练 An elderly student introduces herself to her class in excellent English."My name is Peng Shengwu.I am 80 years old.I like singing,playing the piano and learning English.Welcome to Changsha and to my university. Peng was a math teacher at a middle school before retirement().She knew little about English at that time.In 2015,she went to a local university for elderly people.She has attended classes there once a week since then. The English teachers teach students to listen and speak by asking them to guess the meaning of an English tape.There are about 30 students aged from 60 to 80. After years of study in Changsha,Hunan Province,Peng has learned English well.She can understand some English news on the radio. 1.What was Peng Shengwu before retirement? 2.How do the English teachers teach students to listen and speak? LZAZK 245 YY 第2讲简单句的基本句型 知识导图 主+谓(S+V) 主+谓+间宾+直宾(S+V+0+O) 主(+系)+表(S+P) 简单句的基本句型 主+谓+宾+宾补(S+V+0+C) 主+谓+宾(S+V+O) 存现句(There be句型) 考点1主+谓(S+V) 主语+谓语（不及物动词）(+状语)。 John+works+in a bookshop 对点专练 黑础练 一回归教材 l.我早上七点半起床。(getp) (WY7AM5改编) 2.托尼总是在早上8点25分到达学校。(arrive) (RJ7BU2改编) 分层练— 链接中考 3.他的父亲正在做饭。（cook) 4.她每天跳舞。(dance) 5.太阳在东方升起。(rise) 考点2主(+系)+表(S+P) 主语+连系动词+表语 Amy is helpful. Mary + feels happy. 对点专练 黑忠练—回归教材 1.2020年世界人口数量约为78亿。(be) (WY8A M9) 2.在家里，我总是感到孤独。(lonely) (RJ8BU4改编) 分层练 —链接中考 3.在春天，树变绿。(turn) 4.这个月饼尝起来很美味。(taste) 5.你的手表看起来不错。(1ook) LZAZK 246 YY 考点3主+谓+宾(S+V+0) 主语+ 谓语（及物动词）+宾语。 John opened the door. 对点专练 黑础练 回归教材 l.它描述了五十年来中国社会的变化。(describe) (WY8A M5) 2.我可以在超市买些食物。(buy)(RJ8AU4改编) 分是缘—链接中考 3.他不喜欢这部电影。(Iike) 4. 我经常帮助他。(help) 5.她学习英语。(study) 考点4主+谓+间宾（人）+直宾（物）(S+V+0+0) 主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语， Grandpa bought me +a new dictionary 对点专练 黑础练 回归教材 1.后羿射落九个太阳后，一位女神给了他一种魔法药。(give) (RJ9全U2改编) 2.老人们给我讲了一些故事。(tell) (RJ8BU2改编】 分层练—链接中考 3.请给我两个苹果。(give) 4.我的妈妈教我英语。(teach) 5.请帮我带本书来。(bring) 考点5主+谓+宾+宾补(S+V+0+C) 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语 Most students have found online learning necessary. LZAZK 247 YY 对点专练 黑忠练 回归教材 1.然而，他的父母不允许他训练那么多。(alow) (RJ9全U7) 2.我们可以让计算机做很多事情。(let) (WY7AM7改编) 分层练—链接中考 3.他邀请我去图书馆。(invite) 4. 他每天使我们大笑。(make) 5.我发现了一只猫正在桌子下面睡觉。(ind) 考点6存现句 1.结构。 (1)肯定形式。 There be+主语+地点状语/时间状语 There is+ a tree behind the shop (2)否定形式。 There be+not+主语+地点状语/时间状语 There is not+ a tree behind the shop 2.用法。 There is a desk and five chairs. 遵循“就近原则”。be动词的形式与邻近的主语的数和人称保持一致。 There are +five chairs and a desk. 对点专练 一、语法巩固。 1.没有足够的人做这些工作。（用enough翻译句子） (WY8AM9改编) 2. 现在我们教室墙上有很多照片。（用many翻译句子) (WY7AM3改编) )3.There a bike under the tree just now. A.be B.is C.was )4.There some apples and an orange in the basket.They are Mary's. A.is B.are C.has )5.Look！There some information about traffic safety in this book. A.is B.are C.was 二、 微语境练。请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空： like bring be advise make I cook meals every day.I feel very happy when I 1. delicious food.My grandma 2 me some vegetables.My parents 3. me to eat more fruits.I4. to eat fruits after dinner. There 5. some apples and oranges in the fridge.These are my favorite fruits LZAZK 248 YY 直击中考 一、句子种类在语法选择中的运用。 分析广东省近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，2024年考查了1次存现句。 语篇训练 Katie's house has a beautiful garden.1 at it!There are colorful flowers everywhere.The butterflies are flying around the flowers.2 a small pond with goldfish swimming in it.3 beautiful the garden is!It's a perfect place to relax and enjoy nature. )1.A.Looking B.Look C.Looks ( )2.A.There is B.It is C.They are )3.A.What B.What an C.How 二、简单句的基本句型在书面表达中的运用。 书面表达一个最基础的要求是要写出符合英语表达习惯的、结构完整的句子。掌握好简单 句的基本句型，能够帮助我们完成大部分的写作。 假设你是李明。你校计划与市博物馆合作举办民俗体验活动，需要同学们从若干民俗项目 中选出最想体验的一项。你期待交换生Peter也参与投票。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，写一 封电子邮件给他。 (2025广东书面表达) 给Peter的邮件 目前票数最高的两项 你的选择 你的期待 1.舞狮 1.项目名称 2.… 2.选择理由(2点) 3.项目目前得票情况 翻译句子。 1.目前舞狮排在第一位。（主+谓) 2.首先，它是一次有创意的活动。（主+系+表） 3.中国结在中国文化中通常象征着好运和团结。（主+谓+宾） ●●●●●●●实战演练●●●●●●● 假设你是李华，你们学校即将举办一次废物回收活动，你是活动的组织者之一，你的外国 朋友Peter对这个活动很感兴趣，向你询问相关内容。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，用英文写 一封邮件回复他。 废物回收活动 活动目的 活动安排 你的看法 我们需要回收一些使用过的 1.收集旧书、旧衣服 1.要保护环境 东西 2.… 2.… 3.… LZAZK 249 YY 翻译句子。 1.活动的目的是回收一些使用过的东西。（主+系+表) 2.我们将从我们的同学们那里收集旧书和旧衣服。（主+谓+宾） 3.它会给我们带来很多乐趣。（主+谓+间宾+直宾） 备考演练 书面表达。 假设你是学校第二课堂社团Green House Club的负责人张丽，下周有一批外国交流生来你 校参观。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，用英文写一篇短文，介绍俱乐部的相关情况。 绿色家园俱乐部 介绍 活动与意义 你的呼吁 我很高兴向你们介绍俱乐部1.帮忙制作海报 1.一起努力保护环境 的一些活动 2.… 2.… 3.… 注意：(1)可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 (2)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和学生的真实姓名。 (3)语句连贯，词数80左右。作文标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 【Beginning】 l.(介绍)我很高兴向你们介绍我们俱乐部的一些活动。（introduce sth.tosb.) I'm glad to in our club 【Body】 2.(活动①)我们还会帮忙制作海报，告诉人们如何保护环境。(help do sth.) We also to tell people how to protect the environment. 3.（活动②)此外，我们教人们对社区中的垃圾进行分类。(teach sb.to do sth.) Besides,we waste in communities 4.(意义)我们参加活动后，我们可以了解到保护环境的重要性。(take part in) After we we can know about the importance of protecting the environment. 【Ending】 5.(呼吁)让我们一起为一个更好的环境而努力！(1et型祈使句) for a better environment together! 专题突破 请完成《专题突破》语法小卷对应训练 LZAZK 250 YY四、（一）l.unhappy unhappily2.uncomfortable 4.unusual 6.unnecessary (二)l.disappear 五、1.friendly2.choose 对点专练 -1.healthy 2.musicians 3-4BC 二、l.badly2.reason3.worried 4.examine 5.nothing 直击中考 一、C 二、1.decision2.loudly3.surprised 备考演练 一、1-5 BCCBA6-10 ABBCA 二、l.to2.get3.invitation4.their5.food 6.shows 7.greeting 8.proper 9.hardly 10.when 专题十句子种类与简单句的基本类型 教材语境 1.Don't 2.How 3.bought 中考链接 A 第1讲句子种类 考向1 wants want 考向2 考点1 1.Are is are isn't aren't 2.can't 3.Do does do doesn't don't 考点2 areare does goes how how old how often how much where why what color 考点3 Are am are does likes 考向3 Don'tDon't No 对点专练 1.enjoys 2.Does 3.How 4.Get 5-7 AAB 考向4 对点专练 一、1.What2.How3.What an 二、l.found2.Do3.Let4.What5.How 直击中考 一、1-3CBC 1.A math teacher./She/Peng Shengwu was a math teacher at a middle school before retirement). 2.By asking them/students to guess the meaning of an English tape.They/The English teachers teach them/ students to listen and speak by asking them/students to guess the meaning of an English tape. 第2讲简单句的基本句型 考点1 对点专练 1.I get up at half past seven in the morning. LZAZK GDYY 2 2.Tony always arrives at school at 8:25 a.m. 3.His father is cooking. 4.She dances every day. 5.The sun rises in the east. 考点2 对点专练 1.The world's population was about 7.8 billion in 2020. 2.At home,I always feel lonely. 3.In spring,trees turn green. 4.The moon cake tastes delicious. 5.Your watch looks nice. 考点3 对点专练 1.It describes the changes in Chinese society over fifty years. 2.I can buy some food in the supermarket. 3.He doesn't like the film/movie. 4.I often help him. 5.She studies English 考点4 对点专练 1.After Hou Yi shot down the nine suns,a goddess gave him a magic medicine. 2.The old people told me some stories. 3.Please give me two apples. 4.My mother teaches me English. 5.Please bring me a book. 考点5 对点专练 1.However,his parents won't allow him to train so much. 2.We can let computers do lots of things. 3.He invites/invited me to go to the library. 4.He makes us laugh every day. 5.I found a cat sleeping under the table. 考点6 对点专练 -1.There are not/aren't enough people to do these jobs 2.There are many pictures on our classroom walls now. 3-5 CBA 二、l.make2.brings3.advise4.like are 直击中考 一、1-3BAC 二、l.The lion dance comes first now 2.Firstly,it's a creative activity. 3.Chinese knots often symbolize good luck and unity in Chinese culture. 实战演练 1.The purpose of the activity is to recycle some used things. 2.We will collect old books and clothes from our classmates. 3.It will bring us a lot of fun. 备考演练 1.introduce some activities to you 2.help make posters 3.teach people to separate 4.take part in the activities 5.Let's work hard 参考答策