2026年中考英语复习专题八 句子种类和简单句的基本句型

专题八 句子种类和简单句的基本句型 知识导引 句子按照用途分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1. 陈述句用于说明事实或说话人的看法。陈述句包括肯定结构和否定结构,在肯定结构中,谓语动词不含否定词;否定结构在be动词、助动词或情态动词后加not,常用缩略形式。 2. 疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句)的主要交际功能是提出问题,询问情况等。 3. 祈使句一般用来表示请求或命令等。祈使句通常省略主语you,其否定形式通常是在动词原形前加Don't。为表示礼貌,祈使句中经常在句前或句末加please。句末用please时,前面通常加逗号。以let开头的句子也是祈使句的一种结构,常用于第一、三人称,表建议、邀请和劝说等。 4. 感叹句的基本结构为:(1)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! (2)What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! (3)How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语! 简单句的六种基本句型: 1. 主谓(主语+动词,下同)(SV) The bus is coming. 2. 主(系)表(SP) Amy is helpful. 3. 主谓宾(SVO) John opened the door. 4. 主谓宾宾(SVOO) Grandpa bought me a new dictionary. 5. 主谓宾补(SVOC) Most students have found online learning necessary. 6. 存现句 There is a tree behind the shop. 基础训练 一、单项选择 1. —Henry, _ is your job? —I’m a policeman. A. how B. where C. what D. when 2. —_ is the biggest blue whale? —As I know, it weighs about 181 000 kilos. A. How heavy B. How long C. How wide D. How high 3. _ amazing it is! The Shenzhou XVIII members raise fish for the first time in Tiangong space station. A. What B. How C. What an D. How an 4. —_ do you have a swimming class? —Once a week. A. How much B. How soon C. How often D. How many 5. —_ are these sports socks? —10 yuan for 3 pairs. A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How long 6. _ meaningful day! We volunteered to clean up our city park. A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 7. —Let’s go out for dinner tonight, _? —Sorry, but I cannot make it today. A. can we B. will you C. can you D. shall we 8. —_ have you been learning English? —For 7 years. A. How old B. How long C. How often D. How big 9. —_ do you learn these words by heart? —By using them in different ways. A. When B. How C. Why D. Where 10. There _ a Miao Drum Culture Festival in the southwest of China next weekend. A. is B. will have C. will be D. was 11. _ trying and do your best. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept 12. —Can you swim in this river? —_. It’s too dangerous. A. Yes, I can B. No, I can’t C. Yes, you may D. No, you needn’t 二、完成句子 A. 根据句意和所给汉语提示完成句子。(每空一词) 1. 那几艘龙舟好美呀!_ _ the dragon boats are! 2. 相声中有说学逗唱四种主要艺术手段。 _ _ four key skills of xiangsheng—shuo, xue, dou and chang. 3. 这是一次多么有意义的经历啊! _ _ _ experience it is! B. 按要求完成句子。(每空一词) 4. She visited her grandparents last Sunday.(改为否定句) She _ _ her grandparents last Sunday. 5. Tom helps his parents to do housework after school.(对画线部分提问) _ _ Tom help his parents to do housework? 6. I learned paper cutting from my teacher.(改为一般疑问句) _ you _ paper cutting from your teacher? 7. Tim is reading Journey to the West.(改为否定句) Tim _ _ Journey to the West. 8. The students planted trees in the park last week.(对画线部分提问) _ _ the students plant trees last week? 强化训练 一、单项选择 1. —Lily, your new schoolbag is pretty. _ did you buy it? —In a store near my home. A. How B. Where C. Why D. When 2. _ is the girl wearing a scarf? Is she your sister? A. Who B. Which C. What D. Where 3. _ helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely. A. What B. What a C. How D. What an 4. —Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There _ heavy rain this afternoon. —Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll bring it to him. A. was B. has been C. are D. will be 5. —Excuse me. _ can I get the car if I order it today? —In a month. A. How soon B. How long C. How much D. How often 6. —Mike, _ do you play computer games? —Hardly ever. I think it is bad for my study. A. how often B. how many C. how long D. how far 7. —_ fresh air it is in Qingcheng Mountain! —Yes. Because there are a lot of trees. A. How B. What C. How a D. What a 8. —_ is it from our school to the new bookstore, Li Lei? —Only one kilometer. A. How far B. How long C. How soon D. How often 9. —What activities are there in the coming Dragon Boat Festival? —There _ a boat race and a show. A. is going to be B. is going to have C. are going to be D. are going to have 10. —Cindy, do you know Wan Buyan? —_ He received the title “Role Model of the Times” in May, 2023. A. Yes, there is. B. Yes, he will. C. Yes, I do. D. Yes, he is. 11. —Lingling, how soon will your brother come back from abroad? —Hmm, _. A. since yesterday B. twice a month C. for an hour D. in a week 12. —Tom, _ the rubbish when you leave home, will you? —OK, _. A. take out B. takes out C. taking out D. to take out 13. —Which season do you like better in Changchun, winter or autumn? —_. I like playing with snow. A. Yes. I do B. No, I don’t C. Winter D. Autumn 14. —Sam, _ run in the hallways. It’s very dangerous. —Sorry, Ms. Black. A. do B. don’t C. not D. doesn’t 二、完成句子 A. 根据句意和所给汉语提示(和单词)完成句子。(每空一词) 1. 跟同学们一起做志愿者是多么开心啊! _ great fun _ is to do volunteer work with my classmates! 2. 他们还赢得了广东省飞镖比赛冠军。多么棒的项目啊! They won the Championship of Guangdong Darts Match, too. _ _ _ project it is! 3. 当我们看到长江里的江豚时是多么兴奋啊!(excited) _ _ we were when we saw finless porpoises in the Yangtze River! B. 按要求完成句子。(每空一词) 4. Kate likes eating vegetable salad.(改为否定句) Kate _ _ eating vegetable salad. 5. Sally is going to Beijing by plane on business.(对画线部分提问) _ _ Sally going to Beijing on business? 6. The two sessions, China’s biggest political event, are held during the spring every year.(对画线部分提问) _ _ the two sessions, China’s biggest political event, are held every year? 7. Your parents are waiting for you at home.(对画线部分提问) _ _ your parents waiting for you? 8. Our school held a sports meeting yesterday.(改为否定句) Our school _ _ a sports meeting yesterday. 参考答案 基础训练 一、单项选择 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. B 二、完成句子 A. 1. How beautiful 2. There are 3. What a meaningful B. 4. didn’t visit 5. When does 6. Did; learn 7. isn’t reading 8. Where did 强化训练 一、单项选择 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 二、完成句子 A. 1. What; it 2. What a great 3. How excited B. 4. doesn’t like 5. How is 6. When are 7. Where are 8. didn’t hold 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $