热点专题03 生态环保类(阅读理解）（天津专用）2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

猜押热点03 生态环保类（阅读理解） 分析有理·押题有据 1.双碳目标与生态文明建设引领。“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念深入人心，碳达峰、碳中和(2030/2060)已上升为国家长期战略。《关于加快建立健全绿色低碳循环发展经济体系的指导意见》强调“推动生态文明建设，促进人与自然和谐共生”。2025-2026年教育部持续将环保意识、绿色生活、全球视野、青年担当纳入育人核心指标。高考英语以语篇为载体，传递绿色发展、生态保护、人类命运共同体理念，引导青少年树立环保自觉与全球责任，服务国家生态文明与外交战略。 2.新课标“人与自然”主题强化。(2025版)《普通高中英语课程标准》将“人与自然”列为三大主题语境之首，明确子主题包括:生态保护、环境污染与治理、气候变化、可持续发展、野生动植物保护、绿色生活、全球环境治理。强调“用英语讲好中国生态故事”，突出立德树人、国际视野、青年行动，为2026年命题划定核心方向。 3.“绿色+教育+国际”融合命题导向。近年高考英语命题全面落地生态环保主题:气候变化--全球变暖、极端天气、减排行动、国际合作；生态保护--生物多样性、湿地保护、退耕还林、长江/黄河生态治理；绿色生活--低碳出行、垃圾分类、节约资源、绿色消费；全球治理--国际公约、跨国合作、中国方案、青年责任；可持续发展--循环经济、清洁能源、绿色技术、人与自然和谐。 试题前瞻·能力先查 2026年3月，联合国世界粮食计划署（WFP）警告：中东冲突持续升级，正通过能源、化肥与航运三大环节冲击全球粮食安全。霍尔木兹海峡航运受阻、红海航线风险上升，推高燃油与化肥价格，全球粮价再度上涨。若冲突持续至年中，全球或新增4500万严重饥饿人口，总数将达创纪录的3.63亿。非洲、亚洲等粮食进口依赖国受冲击最大，人道主义援助成本上涨、运力受限，救援难度加剧。 中东冲突对全球粮食安全构成严重威胁 Middle East Conflict Threatens Global Food Security The ongoing conflict in the Middle East has set off a chain of disruptions endangering global food supplies. The UN World Food Programme (WFP) has issued an urgent warning that the crisis could push millions of people into acute hunger within weeks. The Strait of Hormuz, through which roughly one-fourth of the world's oil and one-third of global fertilizer (肥料) supplies pass, has become largely inaccessible, freezing vital trade routes across the region. The crisis unfolds in a dangerous cycle. Rising energy costs have driven up fertilizer prices, a critical farming input with Middle Eastern urea (尿素)export prices surging nearly 40 percent in recent weeks. As a major global fertilizer supplier, the Gulf region has seen production and shipments drop sharply, threatening spring planting across parts of Asia and Africa. A lack of fertilizer is expected to lower crop yields and raise food production costs worldwide. Worse still, food deliveries to the Gulf countries have been severely delayed. Highly dependent on imports –about 85 percent of their food comes from abroad - these nations rely on the strait for roughly 70 percent of their food supplies. With commercial vessels avoiding the area for safety, food cargoes have been stranded, forcing governments to use emergency reserves that will last only a limited time. The human cost is severe. If the conflict continues through June and oil prices stay above $100 per barrel, an additional 45 million people could face acute hunger, pushing global undernourishment to a record high, the WFP warns. Poor countries that rely heavily on imported food and fertilizer are most vulnerable, as they can ill afford rising prices. Higher shipping costs have also forced humanitarian organizations to cut life - saving aid in crisis-hit regions. The crisis has laid bare the fragility of the global food system. A regional conflict can quickly cross borders, disrupting supplies, driving up costs and affecting livelihoods worldwide. It shows how tightly integrated global food, energy and shipping networks are, and how instability in one area can trigger far-reaching consequences across the world. 1. What is the direct consequence of the Strait of Hormuz being largely inaccessible? A. A sharp drop in global food consumption. B. The interruption of important regional trade routes. C. An immediate decrease in oil and fertilizer prices. D. The complete end of spring planting in Asia and Africa. 2. Why are fertilizer prices rising sharply according to the passage? A. Farmers are overusing fertilizer in spring planting. B. Asian and African countries are importing too much urea. C. Humanitarian organizations have stopped fertilizer aid. D. Rising energy costs and reduced supply in the Gulf area. 3. What is the word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 4 closest in meaning to? A. easy to suffer harm B. able to afford changes C. quick to make adjustments D. willing to accept support 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. The Gulf countries can rely on food reserves for a long time. B. High shipping costs have no influence on humanitarian aid. C. Poor countries depending heavily on imports face greater risks. D. The global food system has proven stable in face of conflicts. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Ways to solve global food shortages have been found. B. The Middle East conflict threatens global food security. C. Emergency food reserves are built across the world. D. Energy and fertilizer markets are closely connected. 【答案】1.B 2.D 3. A 4. C 5. B 【导读】本文为说明文，核心介绍中东冲突通过能源—化肥—粮食链条冲击全球粮食安全，联合国发出饥饿预警，暴露全球粮食体系脆弱性。 1. 细节理解题。原文第一段指出，“The Strait of Hormuz… has become largely inaccessible, freezing vital trade routes across the region.”，霍尔木兹海峡基本无法通行，直接导致区域重要贸易路线陷入停滞，这正是 B 选项所表述的内容。A选项 “全球粮食消费量大幅下降” 在原文中没有依据；C 选项与原文信息相反，海峡受阻会使石油与化肥价格上升，而非下降；D选项表述绝对化，原文仅提到对亚非部分地区春耕构成威胁，并未完全终止春耕。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。原文第二段说明，“Rising energy costs have driven up fertilizer prices… As a major global fertilizer supplier, the Gulf region has seen production and shipments drop sharply”，能源成本上涨以及海湾地区化肥供应减少，是化肥价格急剧上涨的原因，对应 D选项。A 选项 “农民在春耕中过度使用化肥”、B 选项 “亚非国家进口尿素过多” 在文中均无相关表述；C选项 “人道主义机构停止化肥援助” 与原文不符，文中是运输成本上升导致援助削减，且并非针对化肥援助。故选D。 3. 猜测词义题。原文第四段提到，“Poor countries that rely heavily on imported food and fertilizer are most vulnerable, as they can ill afford rising prices.”，严重依赖进口的贫困国家无力承担价格上涨的压力，很容易受到损害，因此 “vulnerable” 意为 “易受伤害的”，对应A选项。B “能够承受变化”、C “迅速做出调整”、D “愿意接受援助” 均与文中语境不符。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据原文第四段 “Poor countries that rely heavily on imported food and fertilizer are most vulnerable” 可推断，严重依赖进口的贫困国家面临更大风险，对应C选项。A 选项错误，原文指出海湾国家应急粮食储备仅能维持有限时间，无法长期依靠；B选项错误，高运输成本已迫使人道主义机构削减援助；D 选项错误，此次危机暴露了全球粮食体系的脆弱性，而非稳定。故选C。 5. 主旨大意题。文章标题与首句 “Middle East Conflict Threatens Global Food Security” 点明核心，全文围绕中东冲突对全球粮食安全的严重威胁展开论述，这是文章主旨，对应 B 选项。A 选项 “解决全球粮食短缺的方法”、C 选项 “全球建立应急粮食储备” 在文中均未提及；D 选项 “能源与化肥市场联系紧密” 只是文中细节，不能概括全文。故选B。 【障碍词汇】 试卷第20页，共51页 试卷第21页，共51页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/n. 冲突；矛盾 disruption /dɪsˈrʌpʃn/n. 中断；扰乱 endanger /ɪnˈdeɪndʒə(r)/v.使遭受危险 urgent /ˈɜːdʒənt/adj. 紧急的；急迫的 acute /əˈkjuːt/adj. 严重的；急性的 strait /streɪt/n. 海峡 cycle /ˈsaɪkl/n. 循环；周期 fertilizer /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə(r)/n. 肥料 input /ˈɪnpʊt/n. 投入；输入 urea /jʊˈriːə/n. 尿素 surge /sɜːdʒ/v. 急剧上升；激增 shipment /ˈʃɪpmənt/n. 运输；运送 yield /jiːld/n. 产量；产出 import /ˈɪmpɔːt/n. 进口商品；进口 vessel /ˈvesl/n. 船；舰 cargo /ˈkɑːɡəʊ/n. 货物 strand /strænd/v. 使滞留；使搁浅 emergency /iˈmɜːdʒənsi/n.紧急情况；突发事件 reserve /rɪˈzɜːv/n. 储备；储备物 barrel /ˈbærəl/n. 桶 undernourishment /ˌʌndəˈnʌrɪʃmənt/n. 营养不良 vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/adj. 易受伤害的；脆弱的 humanitarian /hjuːˌmænɪˈteəriən/adj. 人道主义的 fragile /ˈfrædʒaɪl/adj. 脆弱的；易碎的 integrate /ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/v. 使整合；使一体化 instability /ˌɪnstəˈbɪləti/n. 不稳定；不稳固 trigger /ˈtrɪɡə(r)/v. 引发；触发 far-reaching /ˌfɑːˈriːtʃɪŋ/adj. 深远的；广泛的 【全文翻译】 中东冲突对全球粮食安全构成严重威胁 中东地区持续冲突引发一系列连锁冲击，对全球粮食供应构成严重威胁。联合国世界粮食计划署(WFP)已发出紧急警告称这场危机可能在数周内使数百万人陷入严重机贷。崔尔木盈海峡承载着金球的四分之该航道已基本无法通行，区域内重要贸易线路陷入停滞 这场危机形成了一条危险的传导链条。能源价格上涨推高了作为重要农业生产资料的化肥价格，近几周中东地区尿素出又价格飙升近40%。作为全球化肥主要供应地，海湾地区的化肥产量与出货量大幅下降，给亚洲和非洲部分地区的春耕生产带来威胁。化肥供应不足预计将导致农作物减产，并推高全球粮食生产成本。 更为严峻的是，运往海湾国家的粮食运输也已严重受阻。这些国家粮食高度依赖进口约85%的粮食来自海外，其中约70%需经由霍尔木兹海峡运输。出于安全考虑，商船纷纷避开这一区域，导致粮食货物大量滞留，各国政府不得不动用仅能维持有限时间的应急粮食储备。 这场危机造成的人道代价十分沉重。联合国世界粮食计划署警告，如果冲突持续到6月且油价保持在每桶100美元以上，将新增4500万人面临严重饥饿，使全球营养不良人口总数升至历史最高水平。严重依赖粮食和化肥进口的贫困国家受到的冲击最大，它们无力承受价格上涨带来的压力。同时，不断攀升的运输成本也迫使人道主义机构削减了受危机影响地区的救命援助， 此次危机暴露了全球粮食体系的脆弱性。一场地区性冲突能够迅速跨越国界，扰乱物资供应、推高各项成本，并影响全球民众的生计。它表明，全球粮食、能源和航运网络联系紧密，一个地区的动荡会在世界范围内引发深远影响。 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 （25-26高二下·天津·月考）Join The Best Beach Cleanup Near Me: Make A Difference Today Want to join a beach cleanup near me? Finding local beach cleanups is easier than you might think. You can use online directories, check community boards, and connect with local environmental organizations to find opportunities. These resources will provide you with the information you need to participate in cleanups and contribute to maintaining our beautiful beaches. Participating in monthly beach cleanups is a fantastic way to make a consistent impact. Organizations like the Surfrider Foundation Los Angeles Chapter organize monthly cleanups across LA County, engaging volunteers and raising awareness about plastic pollution. These regular events offer a chance for community members to contribute to environmental efforts. How to Register Participants must register at least 15 days in advance to secure their spot, as capacity (可容纳的人数) is often limited. Cleanups typically take place on the first Saturday of each month, organized by the Surfrider Foundation Los Angeles Chapter. What to Bring When attending a beach cleanup, it’s important to bring essential items to ensure a comfortable and productive experience. Reusable water bottles, sunscreen, and gloves are must-haves. While gloves and bags are usually provided, bringing personal items like hats and comfortable shoes can improve your experience. Group Participation For large groups, it’s advised to reach out to the organizers ahead of time to ensure proper arrangements. Arriving at least 15 minutes early to check in is also recommended. Whether you’re joining as a family, corporate (公司的) team, or community group, participating together can make a significant difference. 1．When do monthly beach cleanups usually take place? A．On the first day of each month. B．On the last day of each month. C．On the first Saturday of each month. D．On the first Monday of each month. 2．Why are monthly beach cleanups recommended? A．They attract tourists to the area. B．They offer free food to volunteers. C．They replace regular waste collection. D．They promote ongoing environmental care. 3．What must participants do if they want to register? A．Buy comfortable shoes. B．Join a community group. C．Reach out to the organizers personally. D．Register no less than half a month in advance. 4．What do organizers usually provide at beach cleanups? A．Chairs and umbrellas. B．Hats and water bottles. C．Work gloves and bags. D．Sunglasses and T-shirts. 5．What should large groups do if they want to join a cleanup? A．Appoint a team leader for interviews. B．Contact organizers in advance. C．Dress in the same clothes. D．Register ten days earlier. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何参与附近的海滩清理活动，包括活动时间、报名方式、所需物品以及团体参与的注意事项。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Cleanups typically take place on the first Saturday of each month, organized by the Surfrider Foundation Los Angeles Chapter.(清理活动通常在每个月的第一个星期六举行，由洛杉矶冲浪者基金会分会组织。)”可知，每月的海滩清理活动通常在每个月的第一个星期六举行。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Participating in monthly beach cleanups is a fantastic way to make a consistent impact.(参加每月的海滩清理活动是产生持续影响的绝佳方式。)”以及“These regular events offer a chance for community members to contribute to environmental efforts.(这些定期活动为社区成员提供了为环保工作做出贡献的机会。)”可知，每月的海滩清理活动被推荐是因为它们促进了持续的环境保护。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Participants must register at least 15 days in advance to secure their spot, as capacity (可容纳的人数) is often limited.(参与者必须至少提前15天注册，以确保获得名额，因为容量通常有限。)”可知，如果参与者想要报名参加海滩清理活动，必须至少提前半个月注册。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“While gloves and bags are usually provided, bringing personal items like hats and comfortable shoes can improve your experience.(虽然通常会提供手套和袋子，但带上帽子和舒适的鞋子等个人物品可以改善你的体验。)”可知，组织者通常会提供手套和袋子。故选C项。 5．细节理解题。根据最后一段“For large groups, it's advised to reach out to the organizers ahead of time to ensure proper arrangements.(对于大型团体，建议提前与组织者联系，以确保妥善安排。)”可知，如果大型团体想要参加海滩清理活动，应该提前与组织者联系。故选B项。 Passage 2 （25-26高三上·天津·月考）5th World Conference on Climate Change and Global Warming Join leading minds in climate science at the 5th World Conference on Climate Change and Global Warming, hosted in Vienna, Austria, from March 7-9, 2026. This conference brings together global experts dedicated to addressing the urgent challenges of climate change. Who Should Attend? Academics and Researchers: Those specializing in climate science, environmental studies, sustainability, and related fields will find this conference particularly beneficial. Students and Post-Graduates: It’s a great platform for presenting research, networking with experts, and gaining insights that can propel (推进) your academic and professional journey. Climate Enthusiasts: Anyone with a passion for the latest developments in climate science and global warming will find this event highly informative and inspiring. What’s in It for You? Career Growth: Presenting at this conference provides a platform to showcase your work, receive valuable feedback, and explore new career opportunities in the academic or professional realm. Publishing Opportunities: Maximize the impact of your research by getting published in respected academic journals and indexed publications. Your work will reach a broad and influential audience, contributing to the global conversation on climate change. Global Networking: This conference is a unique opportunity to connect with thought leaders, policymakers, and innovators. Collaborate on projects that have the potential to shape global environmental policies and drive meaningful action. How You Can Participate Oral Presentation: Present your research findings to an international audience and engage in in-depth discussions with peers. Poster Presentation: Share your research visually, fostering interactive and detailed conversations with attendees. Virtual Presentation: Participate remotely, offering flexibility while still contributing to and benefiting from the conference’s sessions. Listener: Engage with the latest research and discussions, expanding your knowledge base without the pressure of presenting. Make a difference by participating in the 7th World Conference on Climate Change and Global Warming. Register now to join the conversation and help shape the future of our planet while enjoying the cultural riches of Vienna. 1．Who is the conference intended for? A．Mostly leading scientists and governmental policymakers. B．Professionals working in environmental protection agencies. C．A diverse group of academics, students, and interested individuals. D．University students and postgraduates conducting related research. 2．How does the conference benefit students specifically? A．By offering them financial support for their academic projects. B．By allowing them to interact with experts and advance their careers. C．By giving chances to boost their development in their research and career. D．By guaranteeing publication of their research in famous scientific journals. 3．What can participants do at the conference? A．They can display their research findings to a worldwide audience. B．They can decide new international rules for environmental protection. C．They can publish their research papers automatically in key journals. D．They can help promote the cultural highlights of Vienna at social events. 4．What can be inferred about the conference’s approach to participation? A．It is designed to be inclusive with different levels of involvement. B．It focuses mainly on policymakers rather than general enthusiasts. C．It prioritizes in-person attendance over virtual methods to ensure interaction. D．It requires all attendees to present their work to maximize learning outcomes. 5．What is the primary goal of the conference according to the text? A．To showcase the cultural attractions of Vienna to international guests. B．To facilitate global cooperation in tackling climate-related challenges. C．To carry out environmental policies with international organizations. D．To award prizes to researchers for their contributions to climate science. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。第五届气候变化与全球变暖国际会议将于2026年在维也纳举办，面向多元群体，提供多种参会形式，助力职业发展与全球气候问题协作。 1．细节理解题。根据Who Should Attend?部分“Academics and Researchers: Those specializing in climate science, environmental studies, sustainability, and related fields will find this conference particularly beneficial. Students and Post-Graduates: It’s a great platform for presenting research, networking with experts, and gaining insights that can propel (推进) your academic and professional journey. Climate Enthusiasts: Anyone with a passion for the latest developments in climate science and global warming will find this event highly informative and inspiring.(学者与研究人员：专注于气候科学、环境研究、可持续发展及相关领域的专业人士会发现此次会议极具价值。学生和研究生：这是一个展示研究成果、与专家交流并获取有助于推进学术和职业发展的宝贵见解的绝佳平台。气候爱好者：任何对气候科学最新进展和全球变暖问题充满热情的人都会发现此次活动内容丰富且令人深受启发)”可知，该会议针对来自不同领域的学者、学生以及感兴趣的各界人士。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据What’s in It for You?部分“Presenting at this conference provides a platform to showcase your work, receive valuable feedback, and explore new career opportunities in the academic or professional realm.(在本次会议上进行展示，为你的工作成果提供了一个展示平台，让你能够获得宝贵的反馈，并在学术或职业领域探索新的职业机会)”可知，这次会议通过提供机会，促进学生在研究和职业发展方面的成长。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据How You Can Participate部分“Oral Presentation: Present your research findings to an international audience and engage in in-depth discussions with peers.(口头报告：向国际听众展示您的研究成果，并与同行进行深入交流)”可知，参与者在会议上可以向全球观众展示自己的研究成果。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据How You Can Participate部分的标题“Oral Presentation；Poster Presentation；Virtual Presentation；Listener(口头报告；海报展示；虚拟展示；听众)”可知，参会方式包含口头报告、海报展示、线上报告、纯听众四种，不同参与方式对应不同的投入程度，体现了包容开放的参会设计。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Join leading minds in climate science at the 5th World Conference on Climate Change and Global Warming, hosted in Vienna, Austria, from March 7-9, 2026. This conference brings together global experts dedicated to addressing the urgent challenges of climate change.(参加由奥地利维也纳主办的第五届世界气候变化与全球变暖大会吧，该会议将于2026年3月7日至9日举行，届时将汇聚气候科学领域的顶尖专家，共同探讨应对气候变化这一紧迫挑战的策略)”结合文章开篇提到会议聚集全球专家应对气候变化的紧迫挑战，后续也强调通过合作影响全球环境政策、推动切实行动。可知，此次会议的主要目标是促进全球在应对与气候相关挑战方面的合作。故选B。 Passage 3 （25-26高三上·天津河北·期中）The We Are Nature: Youth Biodiversity Challenge is a dynamic and expanding global movement dedicated to empowering young individuals to play an active and decisive role in biodiversity conservation. This initiative provides a structured pathway for youth engagement, fostering both knowledge and practical action. Learning journey Level 1: Dive into our comprehensive learning materials to deepen your understanding of biodiversity action. You will explore the wonders of both global and local ecosystems, understand the intricate connections between species and habitats, and discover how your individual and collective actions can create a tangible, positive impact on the planet. Level 2: Expand your network! Connect with peers and mentors from around the world. These exchanges will deepen your knowledge and open the door to collaborative opportunities. Together, you can make a much greater difference by sharing ideas and co-creating solutions that transcend borders. Level 3: It’s time for action. Use the Action Cards to jump into biodiversity projects and become a champion of sustainable practices. Inspire the community by sharing your achievements with others. Action Library Discover our collection of actionable solutions designed to empower you to take meaningful steps in biodiversity action. From local initiatives to global projects, each Action Card provides practical steps to guide you on your journey towards environmental protection. Click here to explore the Action Library. Have you witnessed an impactful biodiversity initiative in your community? Share it with us. You’re invited to submit your own Action Card, presenting effective solutions that others can also use to promote and sustain biodiversity. Together, we can increase our collective impact. Click here to submit your Action Card. Scale-up plans The We Are Nature builds on the success of the UNEP-facilitated Tide Turners Plastic Challenge, which has engaged nearly 1 million young people across 61 countries and regions over 6 years, showcasing the power of youth-led action in tackling environmental challenges. The first pilot project (试验性项目) of We Are Nature will be rolled out in Kenya and South Africa this year, with an ambition to scale it up in 20 countries and regions and reach 1 million young people over the next 5 years. Contact us Ready to join this generational mission? For more information and to get involved, applications and inquiries should be sent to Mariana. osipova@ un.Org. Let’s make our generation's voice echo through history! 1．What does the We Are Nature initiative primarily aim to achieve? A．To encourage global tourism. B．To promote academic research. C．To document diverse ecosystems. D．To engage youth in environmental action. 2．What is the focus of the second level in the Learning journey? A．Conducting research on endangered species. B．Winning competitions for environmental innovation. C．Connecting with others to enhance collective impact. D．Submitting a comprehensive project for official review. 3．What can be inferred about the Learning journey from the passage? A．It focuses mainly on theoretical knowledge. B．It requires participants to travel internationally. C．It prioritises independent study over collaboration. D．It moves from understanding to practical engagement. 4．What is the function of the Action Library? A．Sharing personal nature stories. B．Publishing original academic research papers. C．Offering actionable biodiversity protection solutions. D．Acting as a forum for environmental policy discussions. 5．What does the Scale-up plans part show about the We Are Nature initiative? A．It will work with young people with a university degree in Kenya. B．It will test its effectiveness before expanding globally. C．It will focus primarily on reducing plastic pollution. D．It will fund large-scale conservation projects. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了“我们即自然：青年生物多样性挑战”这一全球倡议，包括其核心目标、学习路径、行动资源库、推广计划及联系方式。 1．细节理解题。根据原文第一段“The We Are Nature: Youth Biodiversity Challenge is a dynamic and expanding global movement dedicated to empowering young individuals to play an active and decisive role in biodiversity conservation.(“我们即自然：青年生物多样性挑战” 是一项充满活力且不断发展的全球倡议，致力于赋能青年，让他们在生物多样性保护中发挥积极且关键的作用。)” 可知，该倡议的核心目标是让青年参与环保行动，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据原文Learning journey中 “Level 2: Expand your network! Connect with peers and mentors from around the world. These exchanges will deepen your knowledge and open the door to collaborative opportunities. Together, you can make a much greater difference by sharing ideas and co-creating solutions that transcend borders.(第二阶段：拓展你的人脉网络！与来自世界各地的同龄人及导师建立联系。这些交流将深化你的知识，并为合作机会敞开大门。携手合作，通过分享想法和共同创造超越国界的解决方案，你们能产生更大的影响力。)” 可知，第二阶段的重点是通过联结他人提升集体影响力，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据原文Learning journey中“Level 1: Dive into our comprehensive learning materials to deepen your understanding of biodiversity action.(第一阶段：深入了解我们的综合学习材料，加深你对生物多样性行动的理解。)”及“Level 2: Expand your network! Connect with peers and mentors from around the world.(第二阶段：拓展你的人脉网络！与来自世界各地的同龄人及导师建立联系。)”及“Level 3: It’s time for action. Use the Action Cards to jump into biodiversity projects and become a champion of sustainable practices.(第三阶段：是时候采取行动了。使用行动卡加入生物多样性项目，成为可持续实践的拥护者。)”可知，学习路径的三个阶段：第一阶段 “深化对生物多样性行动的理解”（侧重知识学习）、第二阶段 “拓展人脉、开展合作”（侧重交流联结）、第三阶段 “参与生物多样性项目、成为可持续实践的倡导者”（侧重实际行动），可推断学习路径是从认知逐步过渡到实践参与，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据原文Action Library部分第一段“Discover our collection of actionable solutions designed to empower you to take meaningful steps in biodiversity action.(探索我们收集的切实可行的解决方案，这些方案旨在帮助你在生物多样性行动中采取有意义的步骤。)” 可知，行动资源库的作用是提供可操作的生物多样性保护方案，故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据原文Scale-up plans部分“The first pilot project of We Are Nature will be rolled out in Kenya and South Africa this year, with an ambition to scale it up in 20 countries and regions and reach 1 million young people over the next 5 years.(“我们即自然” 的首个试验性项目将于今年在肯尼亚和南非推出，目标是在20个国家和地区扩大规模，并在未来5年内覆盖100万年轻人。)” 可知，该倡议会先通过试点项目测试效果，再进行全球推广，故选B。 Passage 4 （25-26高三上·天津蓟州·月考）These books are wonderful for teens. Don’t Panic! We CAN Save the Planet by James Campbell Illustrated (插画) by Rob Jones (Bloomsbury Children’s) Stop being an “eco-worrier” and become an “eco-warrior (环保战士)” with this hands-on guide to saving the world. Filled with information about what climate (气候) change is and the different ways we can help to stop it, the book takes a look at this big environmental problem. How to Grow a Garden by Frances Tophill Illustrated by Charlotte Ager (Magic Cat) Growing a garden is a great way to help our planet and this lovely colourful book shows you how. Frances Tophill is a presenter of TV’s Gardeners’ World, and here she introduces different kinds of gardens and provides lots of advice for growing vegetables, welcoming wildlife and helping the environment. Wilding by Isabella Tree Illustrated by Angela Harding (Macmillan Children’s) This wonderful book tells the story of how wild nature returned to the Knepp Estate in West Sussex, England. It explains “rewilding”, and includes activities and ideas to help you rewild your own spaces and get to know the natural world. Kids Fight Plastic (塑料) by Martin Dorey Illustrated by Tim Wesson (Walker Books) We all know that plastic is bad for the environment but what can you actually do about it? This book, written by Martin Dorey who is fighting against plastic pollution, will give you plenty of ideas. Here, you’ll find 50 tasks to fight plastic at home, at school and on days out. 1．Who would probably enjoy the book Wilding? A．A teen who loves inventing things. B．A teen who likes eco-friendly products. C．A teen who is interested in the history of England. D．A teen who wants to transform spaces into wild nature. 2．What can readers learn from the book Kids Fight Plastic? A．How to make plastic toys last longer. B．Ways to reduce plastic use in daily life. C．Why plastic is the best material for packaging. D．How to design new plastic products for schools. 3．Which of the following books mainly centers on climate change? A．Don’t Panic! We CAN Save the Planet. B．How to Grow a Garden. C．Kids Fight Plastic. D．Wilding. 4．Whose book are gardening lovers most likely to choose? A．James Campbell’s. B．Frances Tophill’s. C．Isabella Tree’s. D．Martin Dorey’s. 5．What do the four books have in common? A．They tell of the authors’ own experiences. B．They are full of planet-protecting ideas. C．They have the same producer. D．They are mainly for grown-ups. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四本适合青少年阅读的环保主题书籍。 1．细节理解题。根据Wilding部分“It explains “rewilding”, and includes activities and ideas to help you rewild your own spaces and get to know the natural world. (它阐释了“再野生化”的概念，并且收录了一系列活动和创意方案，帮助你改造自己的空间，使其回归野生状态，同时增进对自然世界的了解)”可知，这本书围绕让空间回归野生自然展开，适合想要将空间改造成野生自然环境的青少年。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据Kids Fight Plastic (塑料)部分“This book, written by Martin Dorey who is fighting against plastic pollution, will give you plenty of ideas. Here, you’ll find 50 tasks to fight plastic at home, at school and on days out. (这本书是由与塑料污染作斗争的Martin Dorey写的，它会给你很多想法。在这本书中，你会发现50个可以在家庭、校园以及外出时践行的减塑任务)”可知，这本书提供了日常生活中减少塑料使用的方法。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据Don’t Panic! We CAN Save the Planet部分“Filled with information about what climate (气候) change is and the different ways we can help to stop it, the book takes a look at this big environmental problem. (这本书涵盖了气候变化的定义，以及我们可以采取的、助力遏制气候变化的各类方法，这本书关注了这个重大的环境问题)”可知，这本书主要围绕气候变化展开。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据How to Grow a Garden部分“here she introduces different kinds of gardens and provides lots of advice for growing vegetables, welcoming wildlife and helping the environment (她在这本书中介绍了不同类型的花园，并且并就种植蔬菜、欢迎野生动物和保护环境提供了许多建议)”可知，这本书是关于园艺的，园艺爱好者会选择Frances Tophill的书。故选B项。 5．推理判断题。根据Don’t Panic! We CAN Save the Planet部分“Filled with information about what climate (气候) change is and the different ways we can help to stop it (这本书涵盖了气候变化的定义，以及我们可以采取的、助力遏制气候变化的各类方法)”、How to Grow a Garden部分“Growing a garden is a great way to help our planet (打造花园是助力保护地球的好方法)”、Wilding部分“help you rewild your own spaces and get to know the natural world (帮助你改造自己的空间，使其回归野生状态，同时增进对自然世界的了解)”及Kids Fight Plastic (塑料)部分“50 tasks to fight plastic at home, at school and on days out (50个可以在家庭、校园以及外出时践行的减塑任务)”可知，这四本书的主题分别是应对气候变化、园艺助环保、让空间回归自然、减少塑料污染，都围绕保护地球的理念展开。因此它们的共同点是包含保护地球的想法。故选B项。 Passage 5 （25-26高二上·天津河东·期末）Think about all the plastic in our lives like plastic bags, plastic cups and plastic plates. Also, think about those forks and spoons in your school cafeteria. They may be plastic. For better or for worse, plastic seems to be everywhere. Back in the 1990s, a man named Charles Moore discovered a huge floating island of plastic in the North Pacific Ocean. Since then, four more floating islands of plastic have been discovered in other parts of the world. With time going, Moore says, the island that he discovered is growing and spreading much farther than he expected. He made that discovery during a 30-day research expedition (考察). “They found a lot more plastic than they’ve ever seen farther away from the area that’s called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch,” said Marieta Francis, the executive director of the A．M.R.I. — an institute that Moore created to investigate the floating plastic problem. “They ran across it sooner than expected.” Experts say they’re not sure what all this plastic is doing to the health of our oceans or our own health. They suspect that small fish are eating tiny bits of the plastic and that those tiny little bits are getting into bigger fish when the bigger fish eat the small fish. Of course, we’re at the top of the food chain — most of the time, at least. So that means if the plastic is getting into the big fish, then it’s getting into the fish we eat and very possibly getting into us. Moore and other researchers hope to figure out what effect all that plastic is having. But experts say their research is still in its very early stages. “What we do know for sure right now is that anywhere from 10,000 to 35,000 tons of plastic is floating on the surface of our oceans. And we humans put it there,” said Moore. 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Plastic can be shaped very easily. B．Plastic has a terrible effect on people’s lives. C．Many items in daily use are made out of plastic. D．Plastic products should not be used in school cafeterias. 2．What has Moore found? A．The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is beginning to disappear gradually. B．Four islands of plastic have appeared in the South Pacific Ocean. C．The floating plastic problem can be solved easily. D．The island of plastic has grown beyond his expectation. 3．According to experts, the floating plastic ______. A．may threaten human health B．may cut off the food chain C．has caused a lot of fish to die D．has become part of most fish’s food 4．When mentioning the islands of plastic, Moore may feel ______. A．confident B．worried C．enthusiastic D．confused 5．The purpose of the text is to ______. A．call on people to fight against the islands of plastic B．warn human beings of the bad effect of the islands of plastic C．report what researchers have found about the islands of plastic D．criticize human beings for what they have done to the oceans 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍海洋中塑料垃圾岛的发现情况、其不断扩散的现状以及塑料可能带来的健康影响和相关研究进展。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Think about all the plastic in our lives like plastic bags, plastic cups and plastic plates. Also, think about those forks and spoons in your school cafeteria. They may be plastic.(想想我们生活中所有的塑料制品，比如塑料袋、塑料杯和塑料盘。再想想你学校食堂里的那些叉子和勺子，它们可能也是塑料做的。)”可知，作者列举了生活中多种塑料制品，说明日常生活里很多物品都是由塑料制成的。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“With time going, Moore says, the island that he discovered is growing and spreading much farther than he expected.(摩尔说，随着时间的推移，他发现的这个塑料垃圾岛正在不断扩大，扩散的范围也远远超出了他的预期。)”可知，摩尔发现他所找到的塑料垃圾岛的规模和扩散范围都超出了自己的预期。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Experts say they’re not sure what all this plastic is doing to the health of our oceans or our own health. They suspect that small fish are eating tiny bits of the plastic and that those tiny little bits are getting into bigger fish when the bigger fish eat the small fish. Of course, we’re at the top of the food chain — most of the time, at least. So that means if the plastic is getting into the big fish, then it’s getting into the fish we eat and very possibly getting into us. (专家们表示，他们不确定这些塑料会对海洋健康和人类自身健康造成什么影响。他们怀疑小鱼会吃塑料微粒，而当大鱼捕食小鱼时，这些塑料微粒就会进入大鱼体内。当然，至少在大多数时候，人类处于食物链的顶端。这就意味着如果塑料进入了大鱼体内，就会进入我们食用的鱼类体内，并且非常有可能进入人体。)”可知，塑料会通过食物链层层传递最终可能进入人体，因此漂浮的塑料可能会威胁到人类的健康。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“With time going, Moore says, the island that he discovered is growing and spreading much farther than he expected.(摩尔说，随着时间的推移，他发现的这个塑料垃圾岛正在不断扩大，扩散的范围也远远超出了他的预期。)”以及最后一段中的““What we do know for sure right now is that anywhere from 10,000 to 35,000 tons of plastic is floating on the surface of our oceans. And we humans put it there,” said Moore. (摩尔说：“目前我们能确定的是，有一万到三万五千吨的塑料漂浮在海洋表面，而这些都是我们人类丢弃的。”)”可知，摩尔发现塑料垃圾岛不断扩散，且知晓海洋中有大量塑料垃圾源于人类行为，面对这样的现状，他大概会感到担忧。故选B项。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Back in the 1990s, a man named Charles Moore discovered a huge floating island of plastic in the North Pacific Ocean.(早在20世纪90年代，一个名叫查尔斯·摩尔的人在北太平洋发现了一个巨大的漂浮塑料垃圾岛。)”，第三段中马里埃塔·弗朗西斯的表述，第四段专家对塑料影响的分析以及最后一段中摩尔的研究发现可知，文章主要是客观报道了研究人员关于海洋塑料垃圾岛的一系列发现，包括发现过程、现状和潜在影响等。故选C项。 Passage 6 （25-26高三上·天津和平·月考）Modified floating wood could seed the formation of new sea ice in the Arctic, helping counteract the rapid decline of ice coverage due to global warming. The area of the Arctic Ocean covered by ice is shrinking as the climate warms, and it has been projected that the region will see its first ice-free summer day before 2030. The loss of ice leads to a vicious cycle: because the exposed water is darker than ice, it absorbs more of the sun’s heat, warming the water further and making it increasingly hard for ice to reform. This has led people to suggest various geoengineering plans to refreeze the water both in the Arctic and Antarctica. Now, Tian Li at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, and her colleagues are proposing modifying wood to help it seed the formation of new ice. “We choose wood because it’s a natural material,” says Li. “You see a lot of floating wood in ocean water and it raises much less of an environmental concern than things made of artificial materials.” To create the modified material, which they call ice-wood, the researchers took a 10-centimetre-square,1.5-centimetre-thick piece of American basswood (Tilia Americana) and cut a small chunk out of the middle. This chunk was placed on a hotplate so that one side carbonized, while the larger piece was treated with hydrogen peroxide（过氧化氢）and heat, removing much of a polymer（聚合物）called lignin. The two pieces were then put back together. Lignin gives wood its colour, so removing it makes that part of the wood whiter and better at reflecting light. The idea is that when the ice-wood floats in the sea, water is drawn up through natural microchannels. Sunlight then warms the dark, carbonized part of the surface, making the water there evaporate, after which it condenses on the colder, whiter part of the surface. During tests in ponds with water kept at about 2℃ (36°F), the top of a piece of floating ice-wood stayed below freezing, even when the air temperature reached between 7℃ and 8℃ (44.6°F and 46.4°F). Though covering the whole Arctic isn’t realistic, Li suggests that larger pieces of ice-wood could be used around coastal regions, where Indigenous people rely on ice to hunt fish, to speed up the ice coverage in winter and reduce ice loss in summer. But a big question remains about whether our focus should be on geoengineering approaches to prevent ice loss or on slowing the climate change that is causing it. “I find it strange to put so much energy into these ideas when we already know what is needed: reduced carbon dioxide emissions,” says Julienne Stroeve at University College London. 1．What is the main purpose of the “ice-wood” project? A．To clean the ocean water in the Arctic. B．To provide a new building material for coastal regions. C．To help new sea ice form in the Arctic. D．To study the behavior of seabirds in cold environments. 2．Which of the following situations best illustrates a similar “vicious cycle” as mentioned in the 2ⁿᵈ paragraph? A．A forest fire destroys trees→sunlight reaches the forest floor→new seedlings grow→the forest begins to recover. B．A student sleeps less to study more→poor sleep leads to lower concentration→needs more time to study the same material→sleeps even less. C．A farmer uses a new fertilizer→crop yield increases→the farmer earns more money→the farmer buys more land. D．A person gets a high-paying job→saves more money→makes various investments→poor investments lead to debt. 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．The wood relies on creating a temperature difference to promote ice formation. B．Lignin is removed so as to make the wood darker and better at absorbing heat. C．The carbonized part directly freezes the surrounding seawater through rapid cooling. D．American basswood was chosen as the raw material for its exceptional durability. 4．Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for this passage? A．The Arctic Crisis: Causes and Global Consequences B．Refreezing the Arctic: The Science and Promise of Engineered Ice-Wood C．From Forest to Ocean: A New Material’s Role in the Arctic Environment D．Wood Against Warming: A Controversial Path to Save Arctic Ice 5．What is the author’s attitude towards the ice-wood project as reflected in the passage? A．Supportive B．Opposed C．Objective D．Suspicious 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍普渡大学团队研发“冰木”材料，旨在帮助北极形成新海冰以应对全球变暖导致的海冰减少，同时提及相关争议。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Modified floating wood could seed the formation of new sea ice in the Arctic, helping counteract the rapid decline of ice coverage due to global warming.(经过改良的浮木可促进北极新海冰的形成，助力缓解因全球变暖导致的海冰覆盖面积快速缩减的问题。)”及第三段“Now, Tian Li at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, and her colleagues are proposing modifying wood to help it seed the formation of new ice.(如今，印第安纳州西拉法叶市普渡大学的Tian Li及其同事正提议对木材进行改造，以帮助其促成新海冰的形成)”可知，“冰木”项目的主要目的是帮助北极形成新海冰。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The area of the Arctic Ocean covered by ice is shrinking as the climate warms, and it has been projected that the region will see its first ice-free summer day before 2030. The loss of ice leads to a vicious cycle: because the exposed water is darker than ice, it absorbs more of the sun’s heat, warming the water further and making it increasingly hard for ice to reform. This has led people to suggest various geoengineering plans to refreeze the water both in the Arctic and Antarctica.(随着气候变暖，北冰洋的冰盖面积正在不断缩小，据预测，该地区将在 2030 年前迎来首个无冰夏日。海冰的消融会引发一个恶性循环：由于裸露的海水比冰颜色更深，它会吸收更多太阳热量，进一步使海水升温，导致冰体愈发难以重新形成。这促使人们提出了各类地球工程计划，旨在让北冰洋和南极洲的海水重新冻结)”可知，“恶性循环”指北极海冰减少→裸露海水吸收更多太阳热量→水温升高→海冰更难形成→海冰进一步减少，即一个负面结果会引发连锁反应，导致情况持续恶化。B项“学生为多学习而少睡觉→睡眠不足导致注意力下降→学习相同内容需更多时间→睡得更少”符合这一逻辑。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Sunlight then warms the dark, carbonized part of the surface, making the water there evaporate, after which it condenses on the colder, whiter part of the surface.(阳光随后加热表面深色的碳化部分，使那里的水分蒸发，之后在较冷的白色部分凝结)”及第七段“During tests in ponds with water kept at about 2℃ (36℉), the top of a piece of floating ice-wood stayed below freezing, even when the air temperature reached between 7℃ and 8℃ (44.6℉and 46.4℉).(在水温保持在约 2℃（36 华氏度）的池塘中进行测试时，即便空气温度达到 7℃至 8℃（44.6 华氏度至 46.4 华氏度），漂浮的冰木顶部依然保持在冰点以下)”可知，“冰木”依靠表面碳化部分与去木质素部分的温度差促进冰的形成。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Modified floating wood could seed the formation of new sea ice in the Arctic, helping counteract the rapid decline of ice coverage due to global warming.(经过改造的浮木或能促成北极新海冰的形成，助力抵消因全球变暖导致的冰盖面积快速缩减)”文章核心围绕“冰木”这一工程材料展开，介绍其研发背景、制作原理、实验效果及应用前景，同时提及相关争议。B项“让北极重新结冰：工程化冰木的科学与前景”能全面概括核心内容,为最佳标题。故选B项。 5．推理判断题。作者在文中介绍了 “冰木” 项目的研发背景、原理、测试结果和应用建议，同时也引用了朱莉安娜・斯特罗伊夫的观点，指出该地球工程方案与减少碳排放之间的争议。全文没有体现出作者个人的支持、反对或怀疑态度，只是客观陈述事实和不同观点。因此作者的态度是客观的。故选C项。 Passage 7 （25-26高三上·天津武清·月考）Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food? Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu.to exclusively (专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wasted and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out. Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 1．What can be inferred about the author’s early life? A．He witnessed food shortage. B．He enjoyed the local cuisine. C．He donated food to Africans. D．He helped to cook at home. 2．Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment? A．To customize dishes for guests. B．To make the public aware of food waste. C．To test a food processing method. D．To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems. 3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Why the ingredients were used. B．Which dishes were best liked. C．What the dishes were made of. D．Where the ingredients were bought. 4．What can be inferred from the text about the wastED experiment? A．It will become a permanent restaurant. B．It was widely criticized for using garbage as food. C．It showed that creative cooking can turn overlooked ingredients into delicious meals. D．It focused mainly on serving children in Africa. 5．What can we learn about wastED? A．It has ended as planned. B．It is creating new jobs. C．It has regained popularity. D．It is criticized by top chefs. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍纽约蓝山餐厅推出“wastED”实验，专售用易被丢弃食材制作的菜品，以此引发人们对食物浪费问题的关注。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.(这种感觉或许源于我在南非的成长经历，在那里，“非洲还有孩子在挨饿”这句话与其说是晚餐时的祈祷，不如说是一个令人不安的事实提醒。)”可知，作者早年生活的环境让他深知食物匮乏的现状，由此可推断他目睹过食物短缺的情况。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.(每道菜都是为提高人们对食物浪费问题的关注度而量身打造的。)”可知，蓝山餐厅开展这项实验的目的是让公众意识到食物浪费的问题。故选B项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. (相反，所有用到的食材都是大多数餐厅根本不会考虑端上餐桌的肉块和农产品。羽衣甘蓝梗、鱼脖、被淘汰的红薯和黄瓜头这类食材，都被重新利用，在多位优秀厨师的巧手下变成了美味佳肴。)”可知，该段主要介绍了wastED餐厅菜品的制作原料。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine.(羽衣甘蓝梗、鱼脖、被淘汰的红薯和黄瓜头这类食材，都被重新利用，在多位优秀厨师的巧手下变成了美味佳肴。)”以及最后一段中的“Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.(然而，这也提醒我们，解决可持续发展问题的方法有很多种，而且几乎任何东西都能被做成一顿美味的大餐。)”可知，wastED实验表明，富有创意的烹饪方式能够将那些被忽视的食材变成可口的饭菜。故选C项。 5．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.(尽管wastED收获了热烈的好评，但它从一开始就被设计成一个短期实验；蓝山餐厅之后也恢复了常规菜单。)”可知，wastED实验已按计划结束。故选A项。 Passage 8 （25-26高三上·天津蓟州·月考）Monarch butterflies are the only species (物种) that migrates both ways, traveling up to 3,000 miles from the Northeastern U.S. to the Sierra Madre mountains in Mexico in the fall. They stay until spring, then return home. Only the strongest butterflies survive to lay their eggs on milkweed (马利筋). Despite its survival ability, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is considering listing the monarch butterfly as endangered. This butterfly is in danger because the number of milkweed plants is dropping, as a result of the use of chemicals. The loss of this plant would be catastrophic for the species. Luckily, this issue is getting national attention, and people and organizations are working to protect the habitat of the monarch. To learn about efforts to help monarch butterflies, I talked to Justin Wages, Land Manager at Placer Land Trust. Justin told me that the monarch butterfly is not a key species, which means that the ecosystem (生态系统) will not fall apart if the monarch disappears. However, the monarch is an important pollinator (传粉昆虫) and a well-known species. The drop in the monarch population shows common issues for all species related to habitat destruction, pollution, and chemical use. The monarch is known as an animal ambassador (大使). This means it has a good connection with the public and helps raise awareness about protection. For example, Justin noted that most people don’t know or care about the endangered sea animal vernal pool fairy shrimp, but well-known species like the monarch bring attention to the struggles of endangered animals. According to Justin, Placer Land Trust regularly add local milkweed to their planting mix, and their efforts to protect land in Placer County create important feeding areas for the monarch butterfly. Recently they applied for government funding and, if they get the money, they will plant 15 acres of milkweed in their Doty Ravine Preserve. Justin also called on the public to make efforts to help the monarch. 1．What is special about monarch butterflies? A．They lay eggs on all plants. B．They migrate in both directions. C．They only live in the Northeastern U.S. D．They are the only butterfly species that migrates. 2．Which can replace the underlined word “catastrophic” in paragraph 2? A．Very harmful. B．Quite common. C．Totally unnecessary. D．Almost unavoidable. 3．What did Justin mention about the monarch butterfly in paragraph 3? A．It is less important than other pollinators. B．It is the only butterfly making a two-way migration. C．Its population reflects the health of the ecosystem. D．Its habitats have been largely destroyed in recent years. 4．What is the main role of the monarch butterfly as an animal ambassador? A．Telling people about the necessity of studying it. B．Serving as the first example of endangered butterflies. C．Educating people about animal migration patterns. D．Reminding people to care about endangered animals. 5．What will Placer Land Trust do to protect the monarch butterfly? A．Stop the use of chemicals. B．Grow plenty of milkweed. C．Teach the public how to protect it. D．Collect money to raise it in safer places. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了帝王蝶双向迁徙的独特习性，说明其因马利筋减少濒临濒危的处境，阐述其作为动物大使的意义，以及相关组织和公众的保护举措。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Monarch butterflies are the only species (物种) that migrates both ways, traveling up to 3,000 miles from the Northeastern U.S. to the Sierra Madre mountains in Mexico in the fall.(帝王蝶是唯一一种双向迁徙的物种，它们每年秋天会从美国东北部迁徙至墨西哥的马德雷山脉，行程可达3000英里)”可知，帝王蝶的特别在于会双向迁徙。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“This butterfly is in danger because the number of milkweed plants is dropping, as a result of the use of chemicals.(这种蝴蝶面临危险，原因是马利筋植物的数量正在减少，这是由于化学物质的使用所致)”可知，帝王蝶面临危险的原因是马利筋植物的数量正在减少，即这种植物数量在减少对帝王蝶的生存非常有害。故划线词意思是“非常有害的”。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Justin told me that the monarch butterfly is not a key species, which means that the ecosystem (生态系统) will not fall apart if the monarch disappears. However, the monarch is an important pollinator (传粉昆虫) and a well-known species. The drop in the monarch population shows common issues for all species related to habitat destruction, pollution, and chemical use.(贾斯汀告诉我，帝王蝶并非关键物种，这意味着即便帝王蝶灭绝，生态系统也不会崩溃。然而，帝王蝶是一种重要的传粉昆虫，也是广为人知的物种。帝王蝶数量的减少反映了所有与栖息地破坏、污染和化学物质使用相关的问题)”可知，帝王蝶的种群数量反映了生态系统的健康状况。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The monarch is known as an animal ambassador (大使). This means it has a good connection with the public and helps raise awareness about protection. (帝王蝶被称为“动物大使”。这意味着它与公众有着良好的互动关系，并有助于提高公众对保护工作的认识)”可知，帝王蝶作为动物大使的主要作用是提醒人们关注濒危动物。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据最后一段“According to Justin, Placer Land Trust regularly add local milkweed to their planting mix, and their efforts to protect land in Placer County create important feeding areas for the monarch butterfly. Recently they applied for government funding and, if they get the money, they will plant 15 acres of milkweed in their Doty Ravine Preserve. Justin also called on the public to make efforts to help the monarch.(据贾斯汀介绍，普莱瑟土地信托组织会定期将当地的马利筋加入他们的种植混合物中，他们保护普莱瑟县土地的努力为帝王蝶提供了重要的觅食区域。最近他们申请了政府资助，如果获得这笔资金，他们将在多蒂峡谷保护区种植15英亩的马利筋。贾斯汀还呼吁公众共同努力帮助帝王蝶)”可知，普莱瑟土地信托组织将种植大量的马利筋来保护帝王蝶。故选B。 Passage 9 （25-26高二下·天津静海·月考）Lego has opened a $1 billion factory in Vietnam, aiming to power its entire operations with clean energy by 2026. Located near Ho Chi Minh City, this facility — the company’s sixth globally and second in Asia — will produce colorful plastic bricks for growing Southeast Asian markets while supporting Lego’s goal to get rid of greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The factory, covering an area as large as 62 soccer fields, uses solar panels and battery storage to meet most of its energy needs. Over 12,400 solar panels will generate power, stored in large batteries for continuous use. The remaining 10%-20% of energy will come from agreements with renewable energy suppliers. Vietnam, which aims for net-zero emissions by 2050, sees the factory as a model for sustainable manufacturing (制造业). Mimi Vu, a sustainability expert in Ho Chi Minh City, praised Lego for proving large factories can balance profit and environmental responsibility. The project also benefits from Vietnam’s new 2024 policy allowing foreign companies to directly purchase clean energy from local producers. The factory uses high-tech robots to create bricks with extreme precision, while skilled workers monitor operations. Many employees received training at Lego’s China facility. To reduce environmental impact, the company planted 50,000 trees — double the number removed during construction — and replaced plastic packaging with paper bags, a first for Lego factories. Despite progress, challenges remain. Lego bricks are still made from oil-based plastic, though a third of the materials used in 2023 came from recycled or renewable sources. Niels Christiansen, Lego’s CEO, admitted sustainable alternatives are costlier but stressed the importance of investing in eco-friendly supply chains. Vietnam’s manufacturing industry, which accounts for 20% of its GDP, plans to phase out coal power by 2040. Lego’s factory fits in with this vision, showcasing how innovation and clean energy can drive industrial growth. The factory will also supply Australia and other Asian markets through a new distribution center. By prioritizing renewable energy and efficiency, Lego hopes to inspire global industries to adopt greener practices while keeping childhood creativity alive — one brick at a time. 1．What can be concluded about Lego’s energy strategy? A．It ignores the need for battery storage technology. B．It puts cost reduction ahead of environmental goals. C．It relies entirely on Vietnam’s solar energy facilities. D．It combines on-site solar power and external supplies. 2．What does the text indicate about Vietnam’s policy in 2024? A．It requires factories to plant 50,000 trees annually. B．It prioritizes coal power for manufacturing growth. C．It restricts foreign companies from using solar panels. D．It helps Lego achieve its clean energy goals more easily. 3．What challenge does Lego still face despite its progress? A．Lack of skilled workers in Vietnam. B．High costs of sustainable materials. C．Insufficient solar panels for energy needs. D．Conflicts with local tree-planting policies. 4．What can we know about Lego’s Vietnam factory from the text? A．It has completely stopped using oil-based plastic for bricks. B．It is the first Lego factory to use paper bags instead of plastic packaging. C．It provides no training for its employees from Vietnam. D．It only supplies plastic bricks to the Southeast Asian market. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Lego’s Vietnam Factory Drives the Use of Clean Energy B．Vietnam’s Economic Growth Through Foreign Investment C．Lego’s New Factory: A Threat to Traditional Manufacturing D．Africa’s Green Boost: Clean Energy Powers Industrial Growth 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了乐高在越南开设了一家价值10亿美元的工厂，旨在通过结合现场太阳能和外部供应来实现清洁能源目标，同时展示了该工厂在可持续发展和环保方面的努力和成就。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The factory, covering an area as large as 62 soccer fields, uses solar panels and battery storage to meet most of its energy needs. Over 12,400 solar panels will generate power, stored in large batteries for continuous use. The remaining 10%-20% of energy will come from agreements with renewable energy suppliers. (该工厂占地面积达62个足球场大小，使用太阳能电池板和电池储能来满足其大部分能源需求。超过12400块太阳能电池板将发电，储存在大型电池中以供连续使用。剩余的10%-20%的能源将来自与可再生能源供应商的协议。)”可知，乐高的能源策略结合了现场太阳能和外部供应。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“The project also benefits from Vietnam’s new 2024 policy allowing foreign companies to directly purchase clean energy from local producers. (该项目还得益于越南2024年的新政策，该政策允许外国公司直接从当地生产商购买清洁能源。)”可知，越南2024年的政策有助于乐高更容易实现其清洁能源目标。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Despite progress, challenges remain. Lego bricks are still made from oil-based plastic, though a third of the materials used in 2023 came from recycled or renewable sources. Niels Christiansen, Lego’s CEO, admitted sustainable alternatives are costlier but stressed the importance of investing in eco-friendly supply chains. (尽管取得了进展，挑战依然存在。乐高积木仍然由石油基塑料制成，尽管2023年使用的材料中有三分之一来自回收或可再生来源。乐高首席执行官Niels Christiansen承认，可持续替代品成本更高，但他强调了对环保供应链进行投资的重要性。)”可知，尽管乐高取得了进展，但仍然面临可持续材料成本高的挑战。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“To reduce environmental impact, the company planted 50,000 trees — double the number removed during construction — and replaced plastic packaging with paper bags, a first for Lego factories. (为了减少对环境的影响，该公司种植了5万棵树，是建设期间移除树木数量的两倍，并用纸袋代替了塑料包装，这是乐高工厂的首次尝试。)”可知，乐高越南工厂是第一个使用纸袋代替塑料包装的乐高工厂。故选B项。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Lego has opened a $1 billion factory in Vietnam, aiming to power its entire operations with clean energy by 2026. (乐高在越南开设了一家价值10亿美元的工厂，旨在到2026年用清洁能源为其整个运营提供动力。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了乐高在越南开设的工厂及其清洁能源策略，因此A项“Lego’s Vietnam Factory Drives the Use of Clean Energy (乐高越南工厂推动清洁能源的使用)”最符合文章主旨，适合作标题。故选A项。 Passage 10 （25-26高三上·天津和平·期中）Charter schools operate with public money but without many of the rules that govern traditional public schools. In the United States the rules for charter schools differ from state to state. But in general these schools have greater freedom to decide what to teach and how to teach it. The “charter” is a performance contract. It establishes the goals of the school and other details like how student performance will be measured. Forty-seven million students attend traditional public schools. But more than a million students attend charter schools. And now a group of charter schools have formed the Green Charter Schools Network. The idea is to have environmentally friendly school buildings but to also go further than that. The schools teach students to become involved in community issues that affect them and the environment. For example, young children grow crops in a school garden and learn about healthy eating. Older students help recycle waste from the cafeteria. And local schools share what they grow in community gardens with people in need. Jim McGrath is president of the Green Charter Schools Network. He says there are about two hundred “green” charter schools across the United States. He says the plan is to also include traditional public schools as well as private schools. Jim McGrath: “The most important thing is that every one of us — every child, every adult — has a responsibility that their action, every action we make has an effect on the earth that we live in, and that our natural resources are not unlimited, and that if we want a positive earth for future generations, we all need to make commitments to be agents of change so that we don’t destroy our natural resources.” The Green Charter Schools Network holds its first national conference this October in Minnesota. It will include companies and organizations like Waste Management and the United States Green Building Council. We sincerely hope that their goal is to expand the movement across the country. 1．Charter schools are quite different from public ones in that _______. A．they are operated by public money. B．they still use the traditional rules． C．they have more freedom in management. D．they attract more students than others. 2．The Green Charter Schools Network is established to _______. A．advise teenagers to attend charter schools B．paint the school building in the color green C．measure the students with the same standard D．get students involved in environment friendly activities 3．The following statements about the Network are true EXCEPT that _______. A．it only concerns the charter schools in the U.S. B．it holds its first national conference in Minnesota. C．it will benefit both the schools and the communities. D．it promotes different schools to share their achievements. 4．According to Jim McGrath, _______. A．people’s action plays little part in nature B．natural resources are abundant for people to use C．students should be taught to be responsible for the world D．everyone should make efforts to change the positive nature 5．What’s the writer’s purpose of this passage? A．To criticize the traditional education system. B．To encourage the students to adopt healthy eating. C．To inspire people to recycle waste from the cafeteria. D．To arouse the schools to take action to protect the earth 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国“绿色特许学校网络”：以公立资金运营、管理更灵活的特许学校，通过校园环保设施与课程，让学生参与种植、回收等社区环保实践。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Charter schools operate with public money but without many of the rules that govern traditional public schools. In the United States the rules for charter schools differ from state to state. But in general these schools have greater freedom to decide what to teach and how to teach it.(特许学校依靠公共资金运作，但没有传统公立学校的许多规定。在美国，特许学校的规定因州而异。但总的来说，这些学校有更大的自由来决定教什么和怎么教。)”可知，特许学校与传统公立学校最大的不同在于管理自由度更大。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“And now a group of charter schools have formed the Green Charter Schools Network. The idea is to have environmentally friendly school buildings but to also go further than that. The schools teach students to become involved in community issues that affect them and the environment.(现在一些特许学校组成了绿色特许学校网络。我们的想法是建造环境友好型的学校建筑，但还不止于此。学校教导学生参与影响他们和环境的社区问题。)”可知，绿色特许学校网络的成立是为了让学生参与环保活动。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。第四段Jim McGrath明确表示计划“Jim McGrath is president of the Green Charter Schools Network. He says there are about two hundred “green” charter schools across the United States. He says the plan is to also include traditional public schools as well as private schools.(吉姆·麦格拉思是绿色特许学校网络的主席。他说，美国大约有200所“绿色”特许学校。他说，该计划还包括传统的公立学校和私立学校。)”可知，绿色特许学校网络不只关注特许学校。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。第五段Jim McGrath强调“The most important thing is that every one of us——every child, every adult——has a responsibility that their action, every action we make has an effect on the earth that we live in, and that our natural resources are not unlimited, and that if we want a positive earth for future generations, we all need to make commitments to be agents of change so that we don’t destroy our natural resources.(最重要的是，我们每一个人——每一个孩子，每一个成年人——都有责任，他们的行为，我们的每一个行为都会对我们居住的地球产生影响，我们的自然资源不是无限的，如果我们想为后代创造一个积极的地球，我们都需要做出承诺，成为变革的推动者，这样我们就不会破坏我们的自然资源。)”，即应教育学生对世界负责。故选C项。 5．推理判断题。 文章整体介绍绿色特许学校网络的环保倡议，最后一段呼吁“We sincerely hope that their goal is to expand the movement across the country.(我们真诚希望他们的目标是将运动扩展到全国。)”，所以，作者写这篇文章的目的是唤起学校采取行动保护地球。故选D项。 Passage 11 （25-26高三上·天津·月考）Scientists have created by accident an enzyme (酶) that breaks down plastic drinks bottles. The breakthrough could help solve the global plastic pollution crisis by enabling for the first time the full recycling of bottles. The new research was prompted by the discovery in 2016 of the first bacterium that had naturally evolved to eat plastic at a waste dump in Japan. Scientists have now revealed the detailed structure of the crucial enzyme produced by the bug. An international team then adjusted the enzyme to see how it had evolved, but tests showed they had accidentally made the molecule even better at breaking down the plastic used for drinks bottles. “What actually turned out was we improved the enzyme, which was a bit of a shock,” said head researcher Prof. McGeehan, at the University of Portsmouth, UK. Currently, the enzyme takes a few days to start breaking down the plastic, far faster than the centuries it takes in the oceans, but the researchers are optimistic this can be speeded up even further and become a practical large-scale process. “What we are hoping to do is use this enzyme to turn this plastic back into its original components, so we can literally recycle it back to plastic,” said McGeehan. “It means we won’t need to dig up any more oil and, fundamentally, it should reduce the amount of plastic in the environment.” About 1 million plastic bottles are sold each minute around the globe and, with just 14% recycled, many end up in the oceans where they have polluted even the remote parts, harming marine life and potentially people who eat seafood. “Plastic is incredibly resistant to decomposition,” one of these wonder materials that has been made a little bit too well. Currently those bottles that are recycled can only be turned into not transparent fibres for clothing or carpets, while the new enzyme indicates a way to recycle old clear plastic bottles back into new clear plastic bottles. “You are always up against the fact oil is cheap, so plastic is cheap,” said McGeehan. “It is so easy for manufacturers to generate more of that stuff, rather than even try to recycle, but I believe there is a public interest here: attitude is changing so much that companies are starting to look at how they can properly recycle these bottles.” Prof. Adisa Azapagic, at the University of Manchester in the UK, agreed the enzyme could be useful but added: “A full life-cycle assessment would be needed to ensure that the technology does not solve one environmental problem — waste — at the expense of others, including additional greenhouse gas emissions.” 1．What do we learn from the passage about an enzyme scientists have created? A．It was identified during a lab experiment accident. B．It may make full recycling of plastic bottles a reality. C．It was a breakthrough made with persistent efforts. D．It may motivate a dramatic reform in plastic industry. 2．What does the passage say about the bug that produces the important enzyme? A．It has a natural ability to consume plastics. B．It is a bacterium that reproduces at a high rate. C．It is essential to the recycling of plastic bottles. D．It has a chemical structure unknown to scientists. 3．By adjusting the enzyme produced by the bug, the scientists ________. A．made it more effective by chance B．altered its basic molecular composition C．discovered an extraordinary chemical D．found its evolutionary process sped up 4．What does Prof. McGeehan say about the recycling of plastic bottles? A．Manufacturers are implementing it on an increasingly larger scale. B．It generates huge business opportunities for plastic manufacturers. C．It has aroused persistent interest among the general public. D．Manufacturers are beginning to explore ways of doing it. 5．What is Prof. Adisa Azapagic’s attitude towards the application of the enzyme? A．Supportive. B．Skeptical. C．Indifferent. D．Enthusiastic. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家意外创造了一种能分解塑料饮料瓶的酶，这一突破有望首次实现瓶子的完全回收，从而帮助解决全球塑料污染危机。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The breakthrough could help solve the global plastic pollution crisis by enabling for the first time the full recycling of bottles.(这一突破可能有助于解决全球塑料污染危机，首次实现瓶子的完全回收。)”可知，科学家创造的酶可能使塑料瓶的完全回收成为现实。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The new research was prompted by the discovery in 2016 of the first bacterium that had naturally evolved to eat plastic at a waste dump in Japan.(这项新研究是在2016年日本的一个垃圾场发现了第一种自然进化到可以吃塑料的细菌后引发的。)”可知，产生重要酶的细菌有消耗塑料的自然能力。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“An international team then adjusted the enzyme to see how it had evolved, but tests showed they had accidentally made the molecule even better at breaking down the plastic used for drinks bottles.(一个国际团队随后调整了这种酶，以观察它是如何进化的，但测试显示，他们意外地使这种分子在分解用于饮料瓶的塑料方面更加有效。)”可知，通过调整这种细菌产生的酶，科学家们偶然使它更有效。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It is so easy for manufacturers to generate more of that stuff, rather than even try to recycle, but I believe there is a public interest here: attitude is changing so much that companies are starting to look at how they can properly recycle these bottles.(对于制造商来说，生产更多的这种东西非常容易，甚至都不尝试回收，但我相信这里有公众利益：人们的态度发生了很大变化，公司开始研究如何正确回收这些瓶子。)”可知，麦吉汉教授认为制造商开始探索回收塑料瓶的途径。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“A full life-cycle assessment would be needed to ensure that the technology does not solve one environmental problem — waste — at the expense of others, including additional greenhouse gas emissions.(需要进行全面的生命周期评估，以确保该技术不会以牺牲其他环境问题为代价来解决一个环境问题——废物，包括额外的温室气体排放。)”可知，阿迪萨·阿扎皮吉教授认为需要进行全面的生命周期评估，以确保该技术不会以牺牲其他环境问题为代价来解决一个环境问题，所以阿迪萨·阿扎皮吉教授对酶的应用持怀疑态度。故选B。 Passage 12 （2026·天津·一模）As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.” Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 1．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A．Pocket parks are now popular. B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C．Many cities are overpopulated. D．People enjoy living close to nature. 2．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A．To compare different types of park-goers. B．To explain why the park attracts tourists. C．To analyze the main features of the park. D．To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries. 3．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5? A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C．The same nature experience takes different forms. D．The nature language enhances work performance. 4．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A．Language study. B．Environmental conservation. C．Public education. D．Intercultural communication. 5．What is the main purpose of the study mentioned in the text? A．To introduce a new way of managing urban parks B．To create a “nature language” to promote human-nature interactions C．To prove that pocket parks are better than wild natural areas D．To encourage young professionals to hike in urban parks on weekends 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市中自然荒野的稀缺性、一项关于城市公园中自然体验对人类福祉的重要性的研究，以及研究人员如何通过编码游客的叙述来创建“自然语言”，以促进人与自然的日常互动。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. (如果你幸运的话，你住的地方附近可能有一个口袋公园，但在城市里找到相对荒野的地方是很不寻常的。)”可知，作者在开头描述的现象是：城市中很难找到野生自然环境。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“The researchers then examined these submissions, coding experiences into different categories. (然后研究人员检查了这些提交的内容，将经历编码成不同的类别。)”及第四段“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a ‘nature language’ began to emerge. (在320份提交材料中，研究人员称之为‘自然语言’的类别模式开始出现。)”可知，研究人员对参与者的叙述进行编码分类，是为了从游客的摘要中发现模式，进而总结出“自然语言”。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. (例如，在公园周末徒步时，沿着水边行走的经历可能会让一位年轻的专业人士感到满足。在工作日回到市中心时，他们可以在午休时沿着喷泉散步，享受这种互动的更日常的形式。)”可知，同一种自然体验（沿水边行走）可以有不同的形式（野外水边 vs. 城市喷泉）。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段Peter Kahn的话“And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it. (而为了实现这一点，我们还需要保护自然，这样我们才能与之互动。)”可知，在能与自然互动之前，我们需要先保护自然（即环境保护）。故选B项。 5．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第四段“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a ‘nature language’ began to emerge (在320份提交中，研究人员称之为‘自然语言’的类别模式开始出现)”和第五段“Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. (为每种自然体验命名创造了一种可用的语言，帮助人们认识并参与那些对他们来说最令人满意和有意义的活动。)”以及最后一段“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. (我们正在试图创造一种语言，帮助将人与自然的互动带回我们的日常生活。)”可知，这项研究的主要目的是创造一种“自然语言”，以促进人与自然的互动。故选B项。 Passage 13 （25-26高三上·天津·期中）Although the shortcomings of the world’s dependence on plastics are all too obvious, the benefits they provide are all too easily ignored. Materials made from plastics are lighter, and cheaper and easier to produce. These materials have become vital in everything from building to car making. Plastics have also eased the world’s dependence on older materials, and on the living beings, from which many of them came. There are perhaps 10 million pianos in the world. If all the white keys were made of ivory, how many elephants would remain? Just as the benefits of plastics are often unseen, however, so are some potential harms. Now there is growing concern about what happens when they break up into micro pieces invisible to the eye. In the past decade such “microplastics” have been found in food chains, in human brains and even in the snow of Antarctica. To deal with the plastics pollution, the best approach is not to ban plastics, but to manage them more carefully. Better recycling technologies, now under development, are one part of the answer. The percentage of plastics which end up being recycled has doubled in the past two decades, but it is still only 9%. This is not because people do not care about the planet. It is because recycling is harder and more costly than most people realise. Greater use should therefore be made of landfill. When properly managed and well monitored, this is far less environmentally ruinous than often believed, and can be simpler and more effective. It also sidesteps the risk that plastics sent across the world for recycling will be dumped (倾倒) or burned. Incinerator (焚烧炉), which can both produce energy and allow the resulting carbon to be trapped, are a useful choice too, though they are also unpopular. Fortnum,a Finnish company, has found a way to turn the hydrocarbons (烃) back into plastic materials. Such innovation should be built on. When it comes to plastics, the benefits are very much greater than most people will allow — and so is the potential for managing the costs. 1．Why does the author mention the example of piano keys in paragraph 1? A．To argue that pianos should only be made from plastics. B．To stress the environmental benefits of using plastics. C．To show how plastic materials have replaced natural resources. D．To explain the environmental impact of using traditional materials. 2．What is the main reason for the low rate of plastic recycling? A．The risks caused by recycling. B．The undeveloped recycling technology. C．The difficulty and high cost of recycling. D．People’s lack of concern for the environment. 3．What does the underlined word “sidestep” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Increases. B．Encourages. C．Represents. D．Avoids. 4．According to the author, what is the key factor that makes landfill a recommended option for plastic waste management? A．Its ability to generate clean energy efficiently. B．Its role in promoting global recycling industries. C．Its low cost and simplicity when properly managed. D．Its popularity among environmentalists and the public. 5．What is the author’s overall attitude toward the future of plastic management? A．Hopeless. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Critical. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章分析了塑料依赖的显著弊端与易被忽视的益处，聚焦微塑料带来的潜在危害，进而提出塑料污染的应对策略，并强调塑料管理的潜力与价值。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Plastics have also eased the world’s dependence on older materials, and on the living beings, from which many of them came. There are perhaps 10 million pianos in the world. If all the white keys were made of ivory, how many elephants would remain? (塑料还减轻了世界对传统材料以及许多传统材料来源生物的依赖。世界上大约有1000万台钢琴。如果所有的白键都用象牙制成，还会剩下多少头大象？)”可知，作者以钢琴白键为例，通过对比象牙与塑料的使用，凸显塑料在保护生物、减少对自然资源依赖方面的环境益处。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“This is not because people do not care about the planet. It is because recycling is harder and more costly than most people realise. (这并不是因为人们不关心地球。而是因为回收比大多数人意识到的更困难、成本更高。)”可知，塑料回收率低的主要原因是回收工作的难度大且成本高。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Greater use should therefore be made of landfill. When properly managed and well monitored, this is far less environmentally ruinous than often believed, and can be simpler and more effective. It also sidesteps the risk that plastics sent across the world for recycling will be dumped or burned. (因此，应该更多地利用填埋法。如果管理得当、监控到位，填埋法对环境的破坏远比人们通常认为的要小，而且更简单、更有效。它还能sidesteps那些被运往世界各地回收的塑料被倾倒或焚烧的风险。)”可知，填埋法相比跨国回收，可避免塑料被非法处理的风险，由此可推知“sidestep”意为“避免”。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“When properly managed and well monitored, this is far less environmentally ruinous than often believed, and can be simpler and more effective. (如果管理得当、监控到位，填埋法对环境的破坏远比人们通常认为的要小，而且更简单、更有效。)”可知，填埋法被推荐作为塑料垃圾处理方案的关键因素是：在管理得当的情况下，它具有成本低、操作简单的优势。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fortnum, a Finnish company, has found a way to turn the hydrocarbons back into plastic materials. Such innovation should be built on. When it comes to plastics, the benefits are very much greater than most people will allow — and so is the potential for managing the costs. (芬兰公司Fortnum已找到一种将烃类转化回塑料材料的方法。这样的创新应该得到进一步发展。就塑料而言，其益处远比大多数人所认可的要大得多——管理其成本的潜力也是如此。)”可知，作者提及塑料回收的技术创新，并肯定塑料的价值与管理潜力，由此可推断作者对塑料管理的未来持乐观态度。故选B。 Passage 14 （25-26高三上·天津·月考）For 25 years, Elephants Alive has been studying African elephants, to ensure their survival and to promote harmony with humans. We work in the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Area, monitoring elephant population dynamics and movements across South Africa, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. We have used over 180 satellite collars to understand elephant movements and developed an individual elephant identification database of over 2,000 elephants. Our long-term research is providing vital information for conservation management, helping to secure the future of these elephants. We are now urgently prioritizing (优先处理) the small populations of elephants remaining in southern Mozambique. There are three National Parks here, Zinave, Banhine and the Limpopo National Park — with wildlife corridors (通道) linking these reserves. However, poor farmers living in the reserves or the corridors linking them, are worried about their crops’ being attacked by the elephants. Where income is limited, poverty may drive some locals into illegal killing of elephants for both their meat and teeth. Our research is showing that when elephants feel challenged, they may attack crops or run through corridors under the cover of darkness to try and avoid conflicts with humans. Elephants Alive is developing bee-keeping and agricultural programmes with local women in South Africa as a proof of concept to be carried out in Mozambique. Growing crops that elephants are known to dislike in conflict areas can provide valuable income to poor communities that have to share their land with elephants as these crops can be sold for income. Elephants are known to be scared of bees, so bees can also be used to protect crops and at the same time produce honey, which can be sold for money. By developing bee-keeping near Protected Areas, and uplifting women as social role models and community leaders, peaceful coexistence with elephants can be realised. Please help support this urgent work to protect the elephants in Southern Mozambique and uplift the rural communities in these crucial wildlife corridor areas. Your donation counts! 1．How did Elephants Alive monitor elephant population dynamics and movements? A．By consulting local people. B．By referring to elephant database. C．By seeking help from volunteers. D．By making use of high technology. 2．What’s the purpose of the Elephants Alive’s long-term research? A．To better protect the safety of elephants. B．To persuade farmers to give up farming. C．To better study the living behavior of elephants. D．To prevent the population of elephants from increasing. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The poverty in Mozambique. B．The National Parks in Mozambique. C．The illegal killing of elephants in Mozambique. D．People’s conflicts with elephants in Mozambique. 4．Which can best describe the measures taken to help solve people’s conflicts with elephants? A．Easier said than done. B．Kill two birds with one stone. C．Three heads are better than one. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. 5．What is the purpose of the passage? A．Appeal to people to donate. B．Praise researchers’ efforts. C．Introduce bee—keeping programmes. D．Stress the importance of National Parks. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“大象生存”组织如何通过科学研究、技术创新与社区发展相结合的综合策略，解决莫桑比克南部地区日益严峻的人象冲突，并呼吁公众支持这一保护工作。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“We have used over 180 satellite collars to understand elephant movements and developed an individual elephant identification database of over 2, 000 elephants.(我们使用了180多个卫星项圈来了解大象的活动轨迹，并建立了一个包含2000多头大象的个体识别数据库。)”可知，“大象生存”这个组织使用了180多个卫星项圈来研究大象的活动，这属于高科技检测手段。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Our long-term research is providing vital information for conservation management, helping to secure the future of these elephants.(我们的长期研究为保护管理提供了至关重要的信息，有助于确保这些大象的未来。)”可知，这个机构长期的研究是为了为保护管理提供重要的信息，从而更好的保护大象的安全。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“We are now urgently prioritizing (优先处理) the small populations of elephants remaining in southern Mozambique. There are three National Parks here, Zinave, Banhine and the Limpopo National Park — with wildlife corridors (通道) linking these reserves. However, poor farmers living in the reserves or the corridors linking them, are worried about their crops’ being attacked by the elephants. Where income is limited, poverty may drive some locals into illegal killing of elephants for both their meat and teeth. Our research is showing that when elephants feel challenged, they may attack crops or run through corridors under the cover of darkness to try and avoid conflicts with humans. (目前，我们正紧急优先关注莫桑比克南部残存的少量大象种群。这里有齐纳韦、巴尼内和林波波三个国家公园，并有野生动物走廊连接这些保护区。然而，生活在保护区或连接走廊内的贫困农民担心他们的庄稼遭到大象破坏。在收入有限的情况下，贫困可能驱使一些当地人非法猎杀大象以获取肉和象牙。我们的研究表明，当大象感到受威胁时，它们可能会袭击农作物，或在夜幕掩护下快速穿越走廊，试图避免与人类发生冲突。)”可知，本段介绍了莫桑比克国家公园及生态走廊的情况，农民因庄稼被大象破坏而担忧，贫困可能导致非法猎杀大象，大象在受威胁时可能引发更多人象冲突。故本段的核心内容是阐述人与大象之间的冲突。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Growing crops that elephants are known to dislike in conflict areas can provide valuable income to poor communities that have to share their land with elephants as these crops can be sold for income. Elephants are known to be scared of bees, so bees can also be used to protect crops and at the same time produce honey, which can be sold for money. By developing bee-keeping near Protected Areas, and uplifting women as social role models and community leaders, peaceful coexistence with elephants can be realised.(在冲突地区种植大象不喜欢的作物，可以为必须与大象共享土地的贫困社区提供宝贵的收入来源，因为这些作物可以出售。众所周知，大象害怕蜜蜂，因此蜜蜂也可用于保护庄稼，同时生产可出售的蜂蜜。通过在保护区附近发展养蜂业，并提升妇女作为社会榜样和社区领袖的地位，可以实现与大象的和平共处。)”可知，种植大象不喜欢的作物，既减少冲突，又能卖钱；养蜜蜂驱赶大象，既保护庄稼，又能产蜜卖钱；培养女性养蜂人，既促进社区发展，又推动和平共存。这些措施都具有“一举两得”的效果，因此“一石二鸟”最能形容这些措施。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Please help support this urgent work to protect the elephants in Southern Mozambique and uplift the rural communities in these crucial wildlife corridor areas. Your donation counts!(请支持这项保护莫桑比克南部大象、提升这些关键野生动物走廊地区农村社区的紧急工作。您的捐款至关重要！)”可知，文章最后一段呼吁大家支持这项保护工作，并提到大家的捐款很重要，故文章的目的是为了呼吁大家捐款。故选A。 Passage 15 （25-26高三上·天津·月考）At a large forest park in eastern Beijing, 11 birds on the state-level protection list were recently released. These birds had recovered after the Beijing Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center rescued and took care of them. “We will speed up our efforts to push the establishment of district-level wildlife rescue centers to jointly guard the health of wildlife,” said Du Lianhai, director of the center. The center was set up in 2001 and built a wildlife rescue base in the capital’s Shunyi District in 2005. Staff at the base have rescued and rehabilitated over 30,000 wild animals in total. Wildlife protection has been strengthened in Beijing in recent years. On June 1, the city’s newly adopted regulation on wildlife protection took effect, introducing stricter and more concrete measures to protect the environment and wildlife. For example, the regulation states clearly that Beijing bans hunting throughout the year, compared with the previous regulation which bans hunting during the periods of March to May and September to November each year. The new regulation also gives severer punishment for poachers. After years of monitoring, data with the Beijing Gardening and Greening Bureau recently showed ecological reconstruction progress. The species and quantity of wild animals in Beijing are continuously increasing, with the number of terrestrial spinal wild animals (陆地脊椎野生动物) growing from 461 species in 1994 to more than 500. The habitat of the endangered bird has expanded from Fangshan District to the whole city, according to the bureau. “The enforcement of the new regulation marked a new phase in Beijing’s wildlife protection work,” said Dai Mingchao, deputy director of the Beijing Gardening and Greening Bureau. “We will step up the publicity of the regulation and raise citizens’ awareness of wildlife protection,” Dai said. “In our integrated protection of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands, we take into full consideration the requirements of food-chain construction, ecological corridor construction, and wildlife and their habitat protection.” 1．What have staff at the wildlife rescue base done? A．They have sped up their efforts to recover the birds. B．They have guarded people’s health against danger. C．They have saved wild animals from a dangerous situation. D．They have pushed the establishment of district-level wildlife rescue centers. 2．What does the underlined word “concrete” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Practical. B．Temporarily. C．Effective. D．Specific. 3．What do we know about the new regulation? A．It is mainly targeted at poachers. B．It is the first such regulation in Beijing. C．It takes many years to come into being. D．It prohibits people from hunting in Beijing all the year. 4．What can we infer from Paragraphs and 8? A．Beijing citizens are still not familiar with the new regulation. B．After taking the new regulation, Beijing will enter a new phase. C．They rarely give full consideration to the requirements of food-chain construction. D．The protection of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands are not in the new regulation yet. 5．What could be the best title for the passage? A．How to protect wild animals in Beijing. B．Beijing steps up wildlife protection with new regulation. C．More district-level wildlife rescue centers established in Beijing. D．Wildlife protection has been strengthened in Beijing. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了北京放生11只国家保护鸟类，介绍当地野生动物救助中心的工作成果、新《野生动物保护条例》的实施及内容，以及北京野生动物种类数量增长的生态成效。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The center was set up in 2001 and built a wildlife rescue base in the capital’s Shunyi District in 2005. Staff at the base have rescued and rehabilitated over 30,000 wild animals in total.(北京野生动物救护繁育中心成立于2001年，并于2005年在首都顺义区建成野生动物救助基地。截至目前，该基地工作人员已累计救护超过3万只野生动物。)”可知，救助基地的工作人员累计救助并繁育了超过3万只野生动物，核心行动是拯救处于危险中的野生动物。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据划线单词下文“For example, the regulation states clearly that Beijing bans hunting throughout the year, compared with the previous regulation which bans hunting during the periods of March to May and September to November each year. The new regulation also gives severer punishment for poachers.(例如，条例明确规定北京全年禁止狩猎；而此前的规定仅禁止在每年3月至5月、9月至11月期间狩猎。同时，新条例对非法捕猎者的处罚也更为严厉。)”可推测，《野生动物保护条例》提出的措施更严格也更实用。选项A“practical”意为“实用的、实际的”，与此相符。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“For example, the regulation states clearly that Beijing bans hunting throughout the year, compared with the previous regulation which bans hunting during the periods of March to May and September to November each year. The new regulation also gives severer punishment for poachers.(例如，条例明确规定北京全年禁止狩猎；而此前的规定仅禁止在每年3月至5月、9月至11月期间狩猎。同时，新条例对非法捕猎者的处罚也更为严厉。)”可知，新条例明确规定北京全年禁止狩猎，这是关于新条例的明确信息。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We will step up the publicity of the regulation and raise citizens’ awareness of wildlife protection,” Dai said.(戴明超说：“我们将加大条例宣传力度，提高市民的野生动物保护意识。”)”可推测，目前市民对新条例的熟悉度可能不足，需要进一步宣传。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Wildlife protection has been strengthened in Beijing in recent years.(近年来，北京市不断加强野生动物保护力度。)”以及全文内容可知，全文围绕北京野生动物保护展开，既提及11只保护鸟类放归、救助中心成果，更重点阐述新《野生动物保护条例》的实施、内容及意义，还补充了生态改善数据，主要讲述了北京通过新规等举措加强野生动物保护。选项B“Beijing steps up wildlife protection with new regulation.(北京通过新规加强野生动物保护。)”概括了全文内容。故选B。 Passage 16 （25-26高三上·天津蓟州·开学考试）With petroleum reserves (石油储量) decreasing, the search is on to replace gas with a cleaner, greener alternative. Though much eco-talk has centered on biofuels from corn and soybeans, the biofuel that looks more likely to replace petroleum comes from a most unlikely source: algae (藻类). Algae, like corn, soybeans, and other crops, grow via photosynthesis (光合作用) and can be processed into fuel oil. However, they yield 30 times more energy than land crops such as soybeans, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. Many algae species also can grow in saltwater and polluted water — while corn and soy require arable land and fresh water that will be in short supply as the world’s population balloons. “If you replaced all the diesel (柴油) in the U.S. with soy biodiesel, it would take half the land mass of the U.S. to grow those soybeans, ” says Matt Caspari, chief executive of Aurora Biofuels, a Berkeley, Calif.-based private firm that specializes in algae oil technology. On the other hand, the Energy Department says that if algae fuel replaced all the petroleum fuel in the United States, it would require 15,000 square miles, which is a few thousand miles larger than Maryland (12,407 square miles), the 42nd state in land area. Another bonus: Because algae can be grown just about anywhere in a closed space, they’re being tested at several power plants across the nation as a carbon absorber. Smokestack emissions (烟囱排放物) can be pumped directly into the ponds, feeding the algae while keeping greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere. Although processing technology for algae fuel — also known as “oilgae” in some environmentalist circles — is improving, it’s still years away from reaching your local gas pump. “It’s just a question of cost, because no large-scale facilities have been built yet,” Caspari says. 1．The underlined word “yield” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by _________. A．control B．require C．produce D．grow 2．Compared with corn and soybeans, algae_________. A．may pollute water and soil B．can grow in poor conditions C．provide much less energy D．need more special care 3．According to Paragraph 3, one of the advantages of algae fuel is that _________. A．it can be used more widely B．it is easier to produce C．it needs much less land D．it costs much less money 4．What do we learn about algae from Paragraph 4? A．Algae help protect the environment. B．People can grow algae anywhere. C．Fish can get more oxygen from algae. D．Algae produce less waste. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Environmental protection. B．Biofuels from corn and soybeans. C．The false hope of biofuels. D．A promising oil alternative. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍藻类作为更清洁、环保的石油替代品，分析其相较于玉米、大豆等传统生物燃料原料的优势、在环保领域的额外价值，以及目前面临的技术与成本挑战。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Algae, like corn, soybeans, and other crops, grow via photosynthesis (光合作用) and can be processed into fuel oil. However, they yield 30 times more energy than land crops such as soybeans, according to the U.S. Department of Engergy. (藻类与玉米、大豆等农作物一样，通过光合作用生长，并可加工成燃料油。然而，根据美国能源部的数据，藻类yield的能量却是大豆等陆地作物的30倍)”可知，句子对比藻类与陆地作物的能量产出情况，“yield”表示“产生、产出”,符合语境。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Many algae species also can grow in saltwater and polluted water — while corn and soy require arable land and fresh water that will be in short supply as the world's population balloons. (许多藻类物种还能在盐水和污水中生长，而玉米和大豆则需要耕地和淡水——随着世界人口激增，淡水将供不应求)”可知，藻类可在恶劣条件中生长，而玉米、大豆对生长条件要求更高。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段““If you replaced all the diesel (柴油) in the U.S. with soy biodiesel, it would take half the land mass of the U.S. to grow those soybeans, ”says Matt Caspari, chief executive of Aurora Biofuels, a Berkeley, Calif.-based private firm that specializes in algae oil technology. (“如果你要用大豆生物柴油取代美国所有的柴油，那就需要占用美国一半的国土面积来种植这些大豆，”位于加州伯克利、专注于藻类制油技术的私人企业Aurora Biofuels的首席执行官Matt Caspari说道)以及“On the other hand, the Energy Department says that if algae fuel replaced all the petroleum fuel in the United States, it would require 15,000 square miles, which is a few thousand miles larger that Maryland (12, 407 square miles), the 42nd state in land area. (另一方面，能源部表示，如果用藻类燃料取代全美的石油燃料，只需约15,000平方英里的面积——只比美国面积排名第42位的马里兰州（12,407平方英里）大几千平方英里)”可知，藻类燃料所需土地远少于大豆生物燃料。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“Because algae can be grown just about anywhere in a closed space, they’re being tested at several power plants across the nation as a carbon absorber. Smokestack emissions (烟囱排放物) can be pumped directly into the ponds, feeding the algae while keeping greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere.（由于藻类几乎可以在任何封闭空间生长，它们正在全国多家发电厂接受测试，作为碳吸收剂。烟囱排放物可以直接泵入池塘，为藻类提供养分，同时防止温室气体进入大气)”可知，藻类能吸收碳排放，帮助保护环境。故选A项。 5．主旨大意题。文章开篇以石油储量减少为背景，提出寻找替代能源的需求，随后全文围绕藻类作为石油替代品的优势、环保价值及发展挑战展开，核心是介绍藻类这一“有前景的石油替代品”。故选D项。 Passage 17 （25-26高三下·天津武清·月考）A charity called Hubbub suggests that we take our own plastic containers along when we buy takeaway food. To encourage us, we can get a discount on the food we buy. I agree with every aspect of this, other than that I personally wouldn’t want a discount. I would be only too happy to show off my absolutely world-class Tupperware collection on a daily basis. (Tupperware is a brand known for its line of plastic containers with airtight seals which are designed to keep food fresh for a longer time. ) I will be very pleased to pass on my discount to the customer behind me in the queue. They will want the money to buy themselves some better containers, for once they’ve seen mine, their whole bodies will throb (颤动) with envy. I go back a long way with plastics. My mum is from Croatia, born and raised in a city where plastic products are cherished. The notion of single-use plastics doesn’t really exist there. Just as the Croatian writer Slavenka Drakulié points out in one of her books, nobody has any choice but to be environmentally sound: everything has to be recycled or more accurately, reused. And my mum didn’t leave that habit at home when she came to Britain to meet my dad, have children and set up home in the West Midlands. To this day, my mum’s plastic collection is incomparable. Week after week, the recycling man walks up her drive, peers into the bin, shakes his head and walks away sadly — empty again. Inside, the kitchen shelves are full of plastic bottles and containers. Her habit has been passed down to me. Every time when I try to throw away plastic pots, my hand shakes as they hover over the recycling bin. Disposal seems disloyal to my mum, the planet and everything in between. Now I have transferred all my love to Tupperware. I counted 24 empty examples in various sizes this morning, along with 24 matching lids. Furthermore, at each washing I remove the plastic seals from the lids and clean them separately. If, mysteriously and upsettingly, I can’t find a lid for a tub, or a tub for a lid, the offending piece is put in my widows-and-orphans box. Sometimes a missing tub or lid turns up, and there is an emotional reunion with no small ceremony. These things are important to me. 1．What can we learn from paragraph 1? A．Hubbub offers free plastic containers to people. B．The author is proud of his Tupperware collection. C．Hubbub encourages people to buy takeaway food. D．The author tries to sell his Tupperware at a discount. 2．What do we know about the hometown of the author’s mum? A．It is a place where plastic pollution is serious. B．It is a place where plastic products are expensive. C．It is a place which takes plastic recycling seriously. D．It is a place which consumes lots of single-use plastics. 3．How does the author feel when he tries to throw away plastic pots? A．Relieved. B．Delighted. C．Angry. D．Guilty. 4．What will the author do if he can’t match a lid and a tub? A．He will buy a new pair. B．He will give them to others. C．He will keep them in his storage box. D．He will attempt to find the missing parts. 5．It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A．recycling plastics is a tradition in author’s family B．the author is keen on collecting plastic products C．the recycling man appreciates the author mom’s life style D．the author throw away her plastic products regularly 【答案】1．B 82．C 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己对塑料制品尤其是特百惠容器的喜爱，这种喜爱源于母亲，母亲来自克罗地亚，当地重视塑料回收利用，母亲来到英国后仍保留该习惯，作者也深受影响，对塑料制品的处理极为谨慎，不舍得丢弃。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“I would be only too happy to show off my absolutely world - class Tupperware collection on a daily basis.(我每天都非常乐意炫耀我那绝对堪称世界级的特百惠容器收藏)” 可知，作者为自己的特百惠容器收藏感到自豪。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“My mum is from Croatia, born and raised in a city where plastic products are cherished. The notion of single-use plastics doesn’t really exist there. Just as the Croatian writer Slavenka Drakulié points out in one of her books, nobody has any choice but to be environmentally sound: everything has to be recycled or more accurately, reused.(我妈妈来自克罗地亚，在一个珍视塑料制品的城市出生和长大。一次性塑料的概念在那里并不存在。正如克罗地亚作家斯拉文卡・德拉库利奇在她的一本书中指出的，每个人别无选择，只能注重环保：所有东西都必须回收，或者更准确地说，重复使用)” 可知，作者母亲的家乡很重视塑料回收。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Every time when I try to throw away plastic pots, my hand shakes as they hover over the recycling bin. Disposal seems disloyal to my mum, the planet and everything in between.(每次我试图扔掉塑料罐时，我的手在垃圾桶上方徘徊时都会颤抖。丢弃它们似乎对我母亲、地球以及这两者之间的一切都不忠)” 可推断，作者试图扔掉塑料罐时感到内疚。故选 D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If, mysteriously and upsettingly, I can’t find a lid for a tub, or a tub for a lid, the offending piece is put in my widows-and-orphans box.(如果，莫名其妙且令人沮丧的是，我找不到与容器匹配的盖子，或者与盖子匹配的容器，这些不匹配的物件就会被放进我的“孤寡物件箱”。）” 可知，如果作者找不到匹配的盖子和容器，他会把它们放在他的储物箱里。故选 C。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段“To this day, my mum’s plastic collection is incomparable. Week after week, the recycling man walks up her drive, peers into the bin, shakes his head and walks away sadly—empty again.(直到今天，我妈妈收集的塑料都是无与伦比的。一个星期又一个星期，回收废品的人走到她的车道上，朝垃圾桶里看了看，摇了摇头，悲伤地走开了——又一次空手而归。）” 和第四段 “Her habit has been passed down to me(她的习惯传给了我)” 可推知，回收利用塑料是作者家族的传统。故选A。 Passage 18 （25-26高三上·天津滨海新区·月考）Officially: Iceland is no longer mosquito-free. On Oct 21, Iceland’s Natural Science Institute announced that three mosquitoes had been discovered near Reykjavik, the capital city. This marks “the first record of mosquitoes in the wild in Iceland,” Matthias Alfredson, a scientist at the institute, told CNN. Mosquitoes are common insects with over 3,700 species worldwide, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Iceland, thanks to its cold, harsh climate, was once one of only two places on Earth without mosquitoes — the other being Antarctica. However, climate change is changing that. This spring, Iceland saw record temperatures, 26. 6°C on May 15, with some areas reaching 10°C above average, according to the Icelandic Meteorological Office. Iceland isn’t alone: Hawaii lost its mosquito-free status in 1826, when mosquitoes “hitchhiked (搭便车)” there on European and American ships. They thrived in Hawaii’s warm climate, and in recent years, global warming has helped expand their range into the islands’ higher-elevation (更高海拔) forests that were once too cold for them. Even in regions where mosquitoes are common, more species are appearing as the planet warms, The Guardian reported. For example in the UK, two non-native species, one of which is the Egyptian mosquito, were discovered this year. They can spread diseases like dengue fever (登革热), which affects 100 to 400 million people annually, according to the World Health Organization. Mosquitoes depend heavily on temperature for survival: they are cold-blooded, poikilothermal (变温的), meaning their body temperature matches their environment, explained The Conversation. Mosquito larvae (幼虫) need temperatures between 7℃ and 16℃ to grow, and adults prefer temperatures over 27℃, hibernating when temperatures drop below 10℃. Besides temperature, climate change also aids mosquito spread by disrupting precipitation patterns (降水模式) — given that mosquitoes develop in stagnant, dirty water before maturing into adults, the Stanford Report noted. And floods create breeding pools for them, while droughts lead people to store water, increasing mosquito habitats, according to the World Mosquito Program, a non-profit organization run by Monash University in Australia. While mosquitoes are thriving due to climate change, other animals are being forced to move farther north as a result of the same trend, World Atlas notes. This is particularly true for Arctic species like polar bears and snowy owl (雪鸮). 1．What is the focus of Paragraph 1? A．The reason for Iceland’s mosquito-free history. B．The first discovery of mosquitoes in Iceland. C．The climate feature of Iceland’s capital. D．A scientist working in Iceland’s institute. 2．What does the underlined word “thrived” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Grew rapidly. B．Survived hardly C．Disappeared suddenly. D．Changed completely. 3．What do we know about mosquitoes’ temperature preferences from Paragraph 6? A．Adults hibernate when temperatures are above 27℃. B．Young mosquitoes need temperatures below 7℃ to grow. C．Adults thrive in temperatures higher than 27℃. D．Their body temperature remains constant in cold environments. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．More animals will enter Iceland in the futur$猜押热点03 生态环保类（阅读理解） 分析有理·押题有据 1.双碳目标与生态文明建设引领。“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念深入人心，碳达峰、碳中和(2030/2060)已上升为国家长期战略。《关于加快建立健全绿色低碳循环发展经济体系的指导意见》强调“推动生态文明建设，促进人与自然和谐共生”。2025-2026年教育部持续将环保意识、绿色生活、全球视野、青年担当纳入育人核心指标。高考英语以语篇为载体，传递绿色发展、生态保护、人类命运共同体理念，引导青少年树立环保自觉与全球责任，服务国家生态文明与外交战略。 2.新课标“人与自然”主题强化。(2025版)《普通高中英语课程标准》将“人与自然”列为三大主题语境之首，明确子主题包括:生态保护、环境污染与治理、气候变化、可持续发展、野生动植物保护、绿色生活、全球环境治理。强调“用英语讲好中国生态故事”，突出立德树人、国际视野、青年行动，为2026年命题划定核心方向。 3.“绿色+教育+国际”融合命题导向。近年高考英语命题全面落地生态环保主题:气候变化--全球变暖、极端天气、减排行动、国际合作；生态保护--生物多样性、湿地保护、退耕还林、长江/黄河生态治理；绿色生活--低碳出行、垃圾分类、节约资源、绿色消费；全球治理--国际公约、跨国合作、中国方案、青年责任；可持续发展--循环经济、清洁能源、绿色技术、人与自然和谐。 试题前瞻·能力先查 2026年3月，联合国世界粮食计划署（WFP）警告：中东冲突持续升级，正通过能源、化肥与航运三大环节冲击全球粮食安全。霍尔木兹海峡航运受阻、红海航线风险上升，推高燃油与化肥价格，全球粮价再度上涨。若冲突持续至年中，全球或新增4500万严重饥饿人口，总数将达创纪录的3.63亿。非洲、亚洲等粮食进口依赖国受冲击最大，人道主义援助成本上涨、运力受限，救援难度加剧。 中东冲突对全球粮食安全构成严重威胁 Middle East Conflict Threatens Global Food Security The ongoing conflict in the Middle East has set off a chain of disruptions endangering global food supplies. The UN World Food Programme (WFP) has issued an urgent warning that the crisis could push millions of people into acute hunger within weeks. The Strait of Hormuz, through which roughly one-fourth of the world's oil and one-third of global fertilizer (肥料) supplies pass, has become largely inaccessible, freezing vital trade routes across the region. The crisis unfolds in a dangerous cycle. Rising energy costs have driven up fertilizer prices, a critical farming input with Middle Eastern urea (尿素)export prices surging nearly 40 percent in recent weeks. As a major global fertilizer supplier, the Gulf region has seen production and shipments drop sharply, threatening spring planting across parts of Asia and Africa. A lack of fertilizer is expected to lower crop yields and raise food production costs worldwide. Worse still, food deliveries to the Gulf countries have been severely delayed. Highly dependent on imports –about 85 percent of their food comes from abroad - these nations rely on the strait for roughly 70 percent of their food supplies. With commercial vessels avoiding the area for safety, food cargoes have been stranded, forcing governments to use emergency reserves that will last only a limited time. The human cost is severe. If the conflict continues through June and oil prices stay above $100 per barrel, an additional 45 million people could face acute hunger, pushing global undernourishment to a record high, the WFP warns. Poor countries that rely heavily on imported food and fertilizer are most vulnerable, as they can ill afford rising prices. Higher shipping costs have also forced humanitarian organizations to cut life - saving aid in crisis-hit regions. The crisis has laid bare the fragility of the global food system. A regional conflict can quickly cross borders, disrupting supplies, driving up costs and affecting livelihoods worldwide. It shows how tightly integrated global food, energy and shipping networks are, and how instability in one area can trigger far-reaching consequences across the world. 1. What is the direct consequence of the Strait of Hormuz being largely inaccessible? A. A sharp drop in global food consumption. B. The interruption of important regional trade routes. C. An immediate decrease in oil and fertilizer prices. D. The complete end of spring planting in Asia and Africa. 2. Why are fertilizer prices rising sharply according to the passage? A. Farmers are overusing fertilizer in spring planting. B. Asian and African countries are importing too much urea. C. Humanitarian organizations have stopped fertilizer aid. D. Rising energy costs and reduced supply in the Gulf area. 3. What is the word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 4 closest in meaning to? A. easy to suffer harm B. able to afford changes C. quick to make adjustments D. willing to accept support 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. The Gulf countries can rely on food reserves for a long time. B. High shipping costs have no influence on humanitarian aid. C. Poor countries depending heavily on imports face greater risks. D. The global food system has proven stable in face of conflicts. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Ways to solve global food shortages have been found. B. The Middle East conflict threatens global food security. C. Emergency food reserves are built across the world. D. Energy and fertilizer markets are closely connected. 【障碍词汇】 试卷第16页，共32页 试卷第15页，共32页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/n. 冲突；矛盾 disruption /dɪsˈrʌpʃn/n. 中断；扰乱 endanger /ɪnˈdeɪndʒə(r)/v.使遭受危险 urgent /ˈɜːdʒənt/adj. 紧急的；急迫的 acute /əˈkjuːt/adj. 严重的；急性的 strait /streɪt/n. 海峡 cycle /ˈsaɪkl/n. 循环；周期 fertilizer /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə(r)/n. 肥料 input /ˈɪnpʊt/n. 投入；输入 urea /jʊˈriːə/n. 尿素 surge /sɜːdʒ/v. 急剧上升；激增 shipment /ˈʃɪpmənt/n. 运输；运送 yield /jiːld/n. 产量；产出 import /ˈɪmpɔːt/n. 进口商品；进口 vessel /ˈvesl/n. 船；舰 cargo /ˈkɑːɡəʊ/n. 货物 strand /strænd/v. 使滞留；使搁浅 emergency /iˈmɜːdʒənsi/n.紧急情况；突发事件 reserve /rɪˈzɜːv/n. 储备；储备物 barrel /ˈbærəl/n. 桶 undernourishment /ˌʌndəˈnʌrɪʃmənt/n. 营养不良 vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/adj. 易受伤害的；脆弱的 humanitarian /hjuːˌmænɪˈteəriən/adj. 人道主义的 fragile /ˈfrædʒaɪl/adj. 脆弱的；易碎的 integrate /ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/v. 使整合；使一体化 instability /ˌɪnstəˈbɪləti/n. 不稳定；不稳固 trigger /ˈtrɪɡə(r)/v. 引发；触发 far-reaching /ˌfɑːˈriːtʃɪŋ/adj. 深远的；广泛的 【全文翻译】 中东冲突对全球粮食安全构成严重威胁 中东地区持续冲突引发一系列连锁冲击，对全球粮食供应构成严重威胁。联合国世界粮食计划署(WFP)已发出紧急警告称这场危机可能在数周内使数百万人陷入严重机贷。崔尔木盈海峡承载着金球的四分之该航道已基本无法通行，区域内重要贸易线路陷入停滞 这场危机形成了一条危险的传导链条。能源价格上涨推高了作为重要农业生产资料的化肥价格，近几周中东地区尿素出又价格飙升近40%。作为全球化肥主要供应地，海湾地区的化肥产量与出货量大幅下降，给亚洲和非洲部分地区的春耕生产带来威胁。化肥供应不足预计将导致农作物减产，并推高全球粮食生产成本。 更为严峻的是，运往海湾国家的粮食运输也已严重受阻。这些国家粮食高度依赖进口约85%的粮食来自海外，其中约70%需经由霍尔木兹海峡运输。出于安全考虑，商船纷纷避开这一区域，导致粮食货物大量滞留，各国政府不得不动用仅能维持有限时间的应急粮食储备。 这场危机造成的人道代价十分沉重。联合国世界粮食计划署警告，如果冲突持续到6月且油价保持在每桶100美元以上，将新增4500万人面临严重饥饿，使全球营养不良人口总数升至历史最高水平。严重依赖粮食和化肥进口的贫困国家受到的冲击最大，它们无力承受价格上涨带来的压力。同时，不断攀升的运输成本也迫使人道主义机构削减了受危机影响地区的救命援助， 此次危机暴露了全球粮食体系的脆弱性。一场地区性冲突能够迅速跨越国界，扰乱物资供应、推高各项成本，并影响全球民众的生计。它表明，全球粮食、能源和航运网络联系紧密，一个地区的动荡会在世界范围内引发深远影响。 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 （25-26高二下·天津·月考）Join The Best Beach Cleanup Near Me: Make A Difference Today Want to join a beach cleanup near me? Finding local beach cleanups is easier than you might think. You can use online directories, check community boards, and connect with local environmental organizations to find opportunities. These resources will provide you with the information you need to participate in cleanups and contribute to maintaining our beautiful beaches. Participating in monthly beach cleanups is a fantastic way to make a consistent impact. Organizations like the Surfrider Foundation Los Angeles Chapter organize monthly cleanups across LA County, engaging volunteers and raising awareness about plastic pollution. These regular events offer a chance for community members to contribute to environmental efforts. How to Register Participants must register at least 15 days in advance to secure their spot, as capacity (可容纳的人数) is often limited. Cleanups typically take place on the first Saturday of each month, organized by the Surfrider Foundation Los Angeles Chapter. What to Bring When attending a beach cleanup, it’s important to bring essential items to ensure a comfortable and productive experience. Reusable water bottles, sunscreen, and gloves are must-haves. While gloves and bags are usually provided, bringing personal items like hats and comfortable shoes can improve your experience. Group Participation For large groups, it’s advised to reach out to the organizers ahead of time to ensure proper arrangements. Arriving at least 15 minutes early to check in is also recommended. Whether you’re joining as a family, corporate (公司的) team, or community group, participating together can make a significant difference. 1．When do monthly beach cleanups usually take place? A．On the first day of each month. B．On the last day of each month. C．On the first Saturday of each month. D．On the first Monday of each month. 2．Why are monthly beach cleanups recommended? A．They attract tourists to the area. B．They offer free food to volunteers. C．They replace regular waste collection. D．They promote ongoing environmental care. 3．What must participants do if they want to register? A．Buy comfortable shoes. B．Join a community group. C．Reach out to the organizers personally. D．Register no less than half a month in advance. 4．What do organizers usually provide at beach cleanups? A．Chairs and umbrellas. B．Hats and water bottles. C．Work gloves and bags. D．Sunglasses and T-shirts. 5．What should large groups do if they want to join a cleanup? A．Appoint a team leader for interviews. B．Contact organizers in advance. C．Dress in the same clothes. D．Register ten days earlier. Passage 2 （25-26高三上·天津·月考）5th World Conference on Climate Change and Global Warming Join leading minds in climate science at the 5th World Conference on Climate Change and Global Warming, hosted in Vienna, Austria, from March 7-9, 2026. This conference brings together global experts dedicated to addressing the urgent challenges of climate change. Who Should Attend? Academics and Researchers: Those specializing in climate science, environmental studies, sustainability, and related fields will find this conference particularly beneficial. Students and Post-Graduates: It’s a great platform for presenting research, networking with experts, and gaining insights that can propel (推进) your academic and professional journey. Climate Enthusiasts: Anyone with a passion for the latest developments in climate science and global warming will find this event highly informative and inspiring. What’s in It for You? Career Growth: Presenting at this conference provides a platform to showcase your work, receive valuable feedback, and explore new career opportunities in the academic or professional realm. Publishing Opportunities: Maximize the impact of your research by getting published in respected academic journals and indexed publications. Your work will reach a broad and influential audience, contributing to the global conversation on climate change. Global Networking: This conference is a unique opportunity to connect with thought leaders, policymakers, and innovators. Collaborate on projects that have the potential to shape global environmental policies and drive meaningful action. How You Can Participate Oral Presentation: Present your research findings to an international audience and engage in in-depth discussions with peers. Poster Presentation: Share your research visually, fostering interactive and detailed conversations with attendees. Virtual Presentation: Participate remotely, offering flexibility while still contributing to and benefiting from the conference’s sessions. Listener: Engage with the latest research and discussions, expanding your knowledge base without the pressure of presenting. Make a difference by participating in the 7th World Conference on Climate Change and Global Warming. Register now to join the conversation and help shape the future of our planet while enjoying the cultural riches of Vienna. 1．Who is the conference intended for? A．Mostly leading scientists and governmental policymakers. B．Professionals working in environmental protection agencies. C．A diverse group of academics, students, and interested individuals. D．University students and postgraduates conducting related research. 2．How does the conference benefit students specifically? A．By offering them financial support for their academic projects. B．By allowing them to interact with experts and advance their careers. C．By giving chances to boost their development in their research and career. D．By guaranteeing publication of their research in famous scientific journals. 3．What can participants do at the conference? A．They can display their research findings to a worldwide audience. B．They can decide new international rules for environmental protection. C．They can publish their research papers automatically in key journals. D．They can help promote the cultural highlights of Vienna at social events. 4．What can be inferred about the conference’s approach to participation? A．It is designed to be inclusive with different levels of involvement. B．It focuses mainly on policymakers rather than general enthusiasts. C．It prioritizes in-person attendance over virtual methods to ensure interaction. D．It requires all attendees to present their work to maximize learning outcomes. 5．What is the primary goal of the conference according to the text? A．To showcase the cultural attractions of Vienna to international guests. B．To facilitate global cooperation in tackling climate-related challenges. C．To carry out environmental policies with international organizations. D．To award prizes to researchers for their contributions to climate science. Passage 3 （25-26高三上·天津河北·期中）The We Are Nature: Youth Biodiversity Challenge is a dynamic and expanding global movement dedicated to empowering young individuals to play an active and decisive role in biodiversity conservation. This initiative provides a structured pathway for youth engagement, fostering both knowledge and practical action. Learning journey Level 1: Dive into our comprehensive learning materials to deepen your understanding of biodiversity action. You will explore the wonders of both global and local ecosystems, understand the intricate connections between species and habitats, and discover how your individual and collective actions can create a tangible, positive impact on the planet. Level 2: Expand your network! Connect with peers and mentors from around the world. These exchanges will deepen your knowledge and open the door to collaborative opportunities. Together, you can make a much greater difference by sharing ideas and co-creating solutions that transcend borders. Level 3: It’s time for action. Use the Action Cards to jump into biodiversity projects and become a champion of sustainable practices. Inspire the community by sharing your achievements with others. Action Library Discover our collection of actionable solutions designed to empower you to take meaningful steps in biodiversity action. From local initiatives to global projects, each Action Card provides practical steps to guide you on your journey towards environmental protection. Click here to explore the Action Library. Have you witnessed an impactful biodiversity initiative in your community? Share it with us. You’re invited to submit your own Action Card, presenting effective solutions that others can also use to promote and sustain biodiversity. Together, we can increase our collective impact. Click here to submit your Action Card. Scale-up plans The We Are Nature builds on the success of the UNEP-facilitated Tide Turners Plastic Challenge, which has engaged nearly 1 million young people across 61 countries and regions over 6 years, showcasing the power of youth-led action in tackling environmental challenges. The first pilot project (试验性项目) of We Are Nature will be rolled out in Kenya and South Africa this year, with an ambition to scale it up in 20 countries and regions and reach 1 million young people over the next 5 years. Contact us Ready to join this generational mission? For more information and to get involved, applications and inquiries should be sent to Mariana. osipova@ un.Org. Let’s make our generation's voice echo through history! 1．What does the We Are Nature initiative primarily aim to achieve? A．To encourage global tourism. B．To promote academic research. C．To document diverse ecosystems. D．To engage youth in environmental action. 2．What is the focus of the second level in the Learning journey? A．Conducting research on endangered species. B．Winning competitions for environmental innovation. C．Connecting with others to enhance collective impact. D．Submitting a comprehensive project for official review. 3．What can be inferred about the Learning journey from the passage? A．It focuses mainly on theoretical knowledge. B．It requires participants to travel internationally. C．It prioritises independent study over collaboration. D．It moves from understanding to practical engagement. 4．What is the function of the Action Library? A．Sharing personal nature stories. B．Publishing original academic research papers. C．Offering actionable biodiversity protection solutions. D．Acting as a forum for environmental policy discussions. 5．What does the Scale-up plans part show about the We Are Nature initiative? A．It will work with young people with a university degree in Kenya. B．It will test its effectiveness before expanding globally. C．It will focus primarily on reducing plastic pollution. D．It will fund large-scale conservation projects. Passage 4 （25-26高三上·天津蓟州·月考）These books are wonderful for teens. Don’t Panic! We CAN Save the Planet by James Campbell Illustrated (插画) by Rob Jones (Bloomsbury Children’s) Stop being an “eco-worrier” and become an “eco-warrior (环保战士)” with this hands-on guide to saving the world. Filled with information about what climate (气候) change is and the different ways we can help to stop it, the book takes a look at this big environmental problem. How to Grow a Garden by Frances Tophill Illustrated by Charlotte Ager (Magic Cat) Growing a garden is a great way to help our planet and this lovely colourful book shows you how. Frances Tophill is a presenter of TV’s Gardeners’ World, and here she introduces different kinds of gardens and provides lots of advice for growing vegetables, welcoming wildlife and helping the environment. Wilding by Isabella Tree Illustrated by Angela Harding (Macmillan Children’s) This wonderful book tells the story of how wild nature returned to the Knepp Estate in West Sussex, England. It explains “rewilding”, and includes activities and ideas to help you rewild your own spaces and get to know the natural world. Kids Fight Plastic (塑料) by Martin Dorey Illustrated by Tim Wesson (Walker Books) We all know that plastic is bad for the environment but what can you actually do about it? This book, written by Martin Dorey who is fighting against plastic pollution, will give you plenty of ideas. Here, you’ll find 50 tasks to fight plastic at home, at school and on days out. 1．Who would probably enjoy the book Wilding? A．A teen who loves inventing things. B．A teen who likes eco-friendly products. C．A teen who is interested in the history of England. D．A teen who wants to transform spaces into wild nature. 2．What can readers learn from the book Kids Fight Plastic? A．How to make plastic toys last longer. B．Ways to reduce plastic use in daily life. C．Why plastic is the best material for packaging. D．How to design new plastic products for schools. 3．Which of the following books mainly centers on climate change? A．Don’t Panic! We CAN Save the Planet. B．How to Grow a Garden. C．Kids Fight Plastic. D．Wilding. 4．Whose book are gardening lovers most likely to choose? A．James Campbell’s. B．Frances Tophill’s. C．Isabella Tree’s. D．Martin Dorey’s. 5．What do the four books have in common? A．They tell of the authors’ own experiences. B．They are full of planet-protecting ideas. C．They have the same producer. D．They are mainly for grown-ups. Passage 5 （25-26高二上·天津河东·期末）Think about all the plastic in our lives like plastic bags, plastic cups and plastic plates. Also, think about those forks and spoons in your school cafeteria. They may be plastic. For better or for worse, plastic seems to be everywhere. Back in the 1990s, a man named Charles Moore discovered a huge floating island of plastic in the North Pacific Ocean. Since then, four more floating islands of plastic have been discovered in other parts of the world. With time going, Moore says, the island that he discovered is growing and spreading much farther than he expected. He made that discovery during a 30-day research expedition (考察). “They found a lot more plastic than they’ve ever seen farther away from the area that’s called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch,” said Marieta Francis, the executive director of the A．M.R.I. — an institute that Moore created to investigate the floating plastic problem. “They ran across it sooner than expected.” Experts say they’re not sure what all this plastic is doing to the health of our oceans or our own health. They suspect that small fish are eating tiny bits of the plastic and that those tiny little bits are getting into bigger fish when the bigger fish eat the small fish. Of course, we’re at the top of the food chain — most of the time, at least. So that means if the plastic is getting into the big fish, then it’s getting into the fish we eat and very possibly getting into us. Moore and other researchers hope to figure out what effect all that plastic is having. But experts say their research is still in its very early stages. “What we do know for sure right now is that anywhere from 10,000 to 35,000 tons of plastic is floating on the surface of our oceans. And we humans put it there,” said Moore. 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Plastic can be shaped very easily. B．Plastic has a terrible effect on people’s lives. C．Many items in daily use are made out of plastic. D．Plastic products should not be used in school cafeterias. 2．What has Moore found? A．The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is beginning to disappear gradually. B．Four islands of plastic have appeared in the South Pacific Ocean. C．The floating plastic problem can be solved easily. D．The island of plastic has grown beyond his expectation. 3．According to experts, the floating plastic ______. A．may threaten human health B．may cut off the food chain C．has caused a lot of fish to die D．has become part of most fish’s food 4．When mentioning the islands of plastic, Moore may feel ______. A．confident B．worried C．enthusiastic D．confused 5．The purpose of the text is to ______. A．call on people to fight against the islands of plastic B．warn human beings of the bad effect of the islands of plastic C．report what researchers have found about the islands of plastic D．criticize human beings for what they have done to the oceans Passage 6 （25-26高三上·天津和平·月考）Modified floating wood could seed the formation of new sea ice in the Arctic, helping counteract the rapid decline of ice coverage due to global warming. The area of the Arctic Ocean covered by ice is shrinking as the climate warms, and it has been projected that the region will see its first ice-free summer day before 2030. The loss of ice leads to a vicious cycle: because the exposed water is darker than ice, it absorbs more of the sun’s heat, warming the water further and making it increasingly hard for ice to reform. This has led people to suggest various geoengineering plans to refreeze the water both in the Arctic and Antarctica. Now, Tian Li at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, and her colleagues are proposing modifying wood to help it seed the formation of new ice. “We choose wood because it’s a natural material,” says Li. “You see a lot of floating wood in ocean water and it raises much less of an environmental concern than things made of artificial materials.” To create the modified material, which they call ice-wood, the researchers took a 10-centimetre-square,1.5-centimetre-thick piece of American basswood (Tilia Americana) and cut a small chunk out of the middle. This chunk was placed on a hotplate so that one side carbonized, while the larger piece was treated with hydrogen peroxide（过氧化氢）and heat, removing much of a polymer（聚合物）called lignin. The two pieces were then put back together. Lignin gives wood its colour, so removing it makes that part of the wood whiter and better at reflecting light. The idea is that when the ice-wood floats in the sea, water is drawn up through natural microchannels. Sunlight then warms the dark, carbonized part of the surface, making the water there evaporate, after which it condenses on the colder, whiter part of the surface. During tests in ponds with water kept at about 2℃ (36°F), the top of a piece of floating ice-wood stayed below freezing, even when the air temperature reached between 7℃ and 8℃ (44.6°F and 46.4°F). Though covering the whole Arctic isn’t realistic, Li suggests that larger pieces of ice-wood could be used around coastal regions, where Indigenous people rely on ice to hunt fish, to speed up the ice coverage in winter and reduce ice loss in summer. But a big question remains about whether our focus should be on geoengineering approaches to prevent ice loss or on slowing the climate change that is causing it. “I find it strange to put so much energy into these ideas when we already know what is needed: reduced carbon dioxide emissions,” says Julienne Stroeve at University College London. 1．What is the main purpose of the “ice-wood” project? A．To clean the ocean water in the Arctic. B．To provide a new building material for coastal regions. C．To help new sea ice form in the Arctic. D．To study the behavior of seabirds in cold environments. 2．Which of the following situations best illustrates a similar “vicious cycle” as mentioned in the 2ⁿᵈ paragraph? A．A forest fire destroys trees→sunlight reaches the forest floor→new seedlings grow→the forest begins to recover. B．A student sleeps less to study more→poor sleep leads to lower concentration→needs more time to study the same material→sleeps even less. C．A farmer uses a new fertilizer→crop yield increases→the farmer earns more money→the farmer buys more land. D．A person gets a high-paying job→saves more money→makes various investments→poor investments lead to debt. 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．The wood relies on creating a temperature difference to promote ice formation. B．Lignin is removed so as to make the wood darker and better at absorbing heat. C．The carbonized part directly freezes the surrounding seawater through rapid cooling. D．American basswood was chosen as the raw material for its exceptional durability. 4．Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for this passage? A．The Arctic Crisis: Causes and Global Consequences B．Refreezing the Arctic: The Science and Promise of Engineered Ice-Wood C．From Forest to Ocean: A New Material’s Role in the Arctic Environment D．Wood Against Warming: A Controversial Path to Save Arctic Ice 5．What is the author’s attitude towards the ice-wood project as reflected in the passage? A．Supportive B．Opposed C．Objective D．Suspicious Passage 7 （25-26高三上·天津武清·月考）Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food? Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu.to exclusively (专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wasted and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out. Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 1．What can be inferred about the author’s early life? A．He witnessed food shortage. B．He enjoyed the local cuisine. C．He donated food to Africans. D．He helped to cook at home. 2．Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment? A．To customize dishes for guests. B．To make the public aware of food waste. C．To test a food processing method. D．To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems. 3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Why the ingredients were used. B．Which dishes were best liked. C．What the dishes were made of. D．Where the ingredients were bought. 4．What can be inferred from the text about the wastED experiment? A．It will become a permanent restaurant. B．It was widely criticized for using garbage as food. C．It showed that creative cooking can turn overlooked ingredients into delicious meals. D．It focused mainly on serving children in Africa. 5．What can we learn about wastED? A．It has ended as planned. B．It is creating new jobs. C．It has regained popularity. D．It is criticized by top chefs. Passage 8 （25-26高三上·天津蓟州·月考）Monarch butterflies are the only species (物种) that migrates both ways, traveling up to 3,000 miles from the Northeastern U.S. to the Sierra Madre mountains in Mexico in the fall. They stay until spring, then return home. Only the strongest butterflies survive to lay their eggs on milkweed (马利筋). Despite its survival ability, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is considering listing the monarch butterfly as endangered. This butterfly is in danger because the number of milkweed plants is dropping, as a result of the use of chemicals. The loss of this plant would be catastrophic for the species. Luckily, this issue is getting national attention, and people and organizations are working to protect the habitat of the monarch. To learn about efforts to help monarch butterflies, I talked to Justin Wages, Land Manager at Placer Land Trust. Justin told me that the monarch butterfly is not a key species, which means that the ecosystem (生态系统) will not fall apart if the monarch disappears. However, the monarch is an important pollinator (传粉昆虫) and a well-known species. The drop in the monarch population shows common issues for all species related to habitat destruction, pollution, and chemical use. The monarch is known as an animal ambassador (大使). This means it has a good connection with the public and helps raise awareness about protection. For example, Justin noted that most people don’t know or care about the endangered sea animal vernal pool fairy shrimp, but well-known species like the monarch bring attention to the struggles of endangered animals. According to Justin, Placer Land Trust regularly add local milkweed to their planting mix, and their efforts to protect land in Placer County create important feeding areas for the monarch butterfly. Recently they applied for government funding and, if they get the money, they will plant 15 acres of milkweed in their Doty Ravine Preserve. Justin also called on the public to make efforts to help the monarch. 1．What is special about monarch butterflies? A．They lay eggs on all plants. B．They migrate in both directions. C．They only live in the Northeastern U.S. D．They are the only butterfly species that migrates. 2．Which can replace the underlined word “catastrophic” in paragraph 2? A．Very harmful. B．Quite common. C．Totally unnecessary. D．Almost unavoidable. 3．What did Justin mention about the monarch butterfly in paragraph 3? A．It is less important than other pollinators. B．It is the only butterfly making a two-way migration. C．Its population reflects the health of the ecosystem. D．Its habitats have been largely destroyed in recent years. 4．What is the main role of the monarch butterfly as an animal ambassador? A．Telling people about the necessity of studying it. B．Serving as the first example of endangered butterflies. C．Educating people about animal migration patterns. D．Reminding people to care about endangered animals. 5．What will Placer Land Trust do to protect the monarch butterfly? A．Stop the use of chemicals. B．Grow plenty of milkweed. C．Teach the public how to protect it. D．Collect money to raise it in safer places. Passage 9 （25-26高二下·天津静海·月考）Lego has opened a $1 billion factory in Vietnam, aiming to power its entire operations with clean energy by 2026. Located near Ho Chi Minh City, this facility — the company’s sixth globally and second in Asia — will produce colorful plastic bricks for growing Southeast Asian markets while supporting Lego’s goal to get rid of greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The factory, covering an area as large as 62 soccer fields, uses solar panels and battery storage to meet most of its energy needs. Over 12,400 solar panels will generate power, stored in large batteries for continuous use. The remaining 10%-20% of energy will come from agreements with renewable energy suppliers. Vietnam, which aims for net-zero emissions by 2050, sees the factory as a model for sustainable manufacturing (制造业). Mimi Vu, a sustainability expert in Ho Chi Minh City, praised Lego for proving large factories can balance profit and environmental responsibility. The project also benefits from Vietnam’s new 2024 policy allowing foreign companies to directly purchase clean energy from local producers. The factory uses high-tech robots to create bricks with extreme precision, while skilled workers monitor operations. Many employees received training at Lego’s China facility. To reduce environmental impact, the company planted 50,000 trees — double the number removed during construction — and replaced plastic packaging with paper bags, a first for Lego factories. Despite progress, challenges remain. Lego bricks are still made from oil-based plastic, though a third of the materials used in 2023 came from recycled or renewable sources. Niels Christiansen, Lego’s CEO, admitted sustainable alternatives are costlier but stressed the importance of investing in eco-friendly supply chains. Vietnam’s manufacturing industry, which accounts for 20% of its GDP, plans to phase out coal power by 2040. Lego’s factory fits in with this vision, showcasing how innovation and clean energy can drive industrial growth. The factory will also supply Australia and other Asian markets through a new distribution center. By prioritizing renewable energy and efficiency, Lego hopes to inspire global industries to adopt greener practices while keeping childhood creativity alive — one brick at a time. 1．What can be concluded about Lego’s energy strategy? A．It ignores the need for battery storage technology. B．It puts cost reduction ahead of environmental goals. C．It relies entirely on Vietnam’s solar energy facilities. D．It combines on-site solar power and external supplies. 2．What does the text indicate about Vietnam’s policy in 2024? A．It requires factories to plant 50,000 trees annually. B．It prioritizes coal power for manufacturing growth. C．It restricts foreign companies from using solar panels. D．It helps Lego achieve its clean energy goals more easily. 3．What challenge does Lego still face despite its progress? A．Lack of skilled workers in Vietnam. B．High costs of sustainable materials. C．Insufficient solar panels for energy needs. D．Conflicts with local tree-planting policies. 4．What can we know about Lego’s Vietnam factory from the text? A．It has completely stopped using oil-based plastic for bricks. B．It is the first Lego factory to use paper bags instead of plastic packaging. C．It provides no training for its employees from Vietnam. D．It only supplies plastic bricks to the Southeast Asian market. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Lego’s Vietnam Factory Drives the Use of Clean Energy B．Vietnam’s Economic Growth Through Foreign Investment C．Lego’s New Factory: A Threat to Traditional Manufacturing D．Africa’s Green Boost: Clean Energy Powers Industrial Growth Passage 10 （25-26高三上·天津和平·期中）Charter schools operate with public money but without many of the rules that govern traditional public schools. In the United States the rules for charter schools differ from state to state. But in general these schools have greater freedom to decide what to teach and how to teach it. The “charter” is a performance contract. It establishes the goals of the school and other details like how student performance will be measured. Forty-seven million students attend traditional public schools. But more than a million students attend charter schools. And now a group of charter schools have formed the Green Charter Schools Network. The idea is to have environmentally friendly school buildings but to also go further than that. The schools teach students to become involved in community issues that affect them and the environment. For example, young children grow crops in a school garden and learn about healthy eating. Older students help recycle waste from the cafeteria. And local schools share what they grow in community gardens with people in need. Jim McGrath is president of the Green Charter Schools Network. He says there are about two hundred “green” charter schools across the United States. He says the plan is to also include traditional public schools as well as private schools. Jim McGrath: “The most important thing is that every one of us — every child, every adult — has a responsibility that their action, every action we make has an effect on the earth that we live in, and that our natural resources are not unlimited, and that if we want a positive earth for future generations, we all need to make commitments to be agents of change so that we don’t destroy our natural resources.” The Green Charter Schools Network holds its first national conference this October in Minnesota. It will include companies and organizations like Waste Management and the United States Green Building Council. We sincerely hope that their goal is to expand the movement across the country. 1．Charter schools are quite different from public ones in that _______. A．they are operated by public money. B．they still use the traditional rules． C．they have more freedom in management. D．they attract more students than others. 2．The Green Charter Schools Network is established to _______. A．advise teenagers to attend charter schools B．paint the school building in the color green C．measure the students with the same standard D．get students involved in environment friendly activities 3．The following statements about the Network are true EXCEPT that _______. A．it only concerns the charter schools in the U.S. B．it holds its first national conference in Minnesota. C．it will benefit both the schools and the communities. D．it promotes different schools to share their achievements. 4．According to Jim McGrath, _______. A．people’s action plays little part in nature B．natural resources are abundant for people to use C．students should be taught to be responsible for the world D．everyone should make efforts to change the positive nature 5．What’s the writer’s purpose of this passage? A．To criticize the traditional education system. B．To encourage the students to adopt healthy eating. C．To inspire people to recycle waste from the cafeteria. D．To arouse the schools to take action to protect the earth Passage 11 （25-26高三上·天津·月考）Scientists have created by accident an enzyme (酶) that breaks down plastic drinks bottles. The breakthrough could help solve the global plastic pollution crisis by enabling for the first time the full recycling of bottles. The new research was prompted by the discovery in 2016 of the first bacterium that had naturally evolved to eat plastic at a waste dump in Japan. Scientists have now revealed the detailed structure of the crucial enzyme produced by the bug. An international team then adjusted the enzyme to see how it had evolved, but tests showed they had accidentally made the molecule even better at breaking down the plastic used for drinks bottles. “What actually turned out was we improved the enzyme, which was a bit of a shock,” said head researcher Prof. McGeehan, at the University of Portsmouth, UK. Currently, the enzyme takes a few days to start breaking down the plastic, far faster than the centuries it takes in the oceans, but the researchers are optimistic this can be speeded up even further and become a practical large-scale process. “What we are hoping to do is use this enzyme to turn this plastic back into its original components, so we can literally recycle it back to plastic,” said McGeehan. “It means we won’t need to dig up any more oil and, fundamentally, it should reduce the amount of plastic in the environment.” About 1 million plastic bottles are sold each minute around the globe and, with just 14% recycled, many end up in the oceans where they have polluted even the remote parts, harming marine life and potentially people who eat seafood. “Plastic is incredibly resistant to decomposition,” one of these wonder materials that has been made a little bit too well. Currently those bottles that are recycled can only be turned into not transparent fibres for clothing or carpets, while the new enzyme indicates a way to recycle old clear plastic bottles back into new clear plastic bottles. “You are always up against the fact oil is cheap, so plastic is cheap,” said McGeehan. “It is so easy for manufacturers to generate more of that stuff, rather than even try to recycle, but I believe there is a public interest here: attitude is changing so much that companies are starting to look at how they can properly recycle these bottles.” Prof. Adisa Azapagic, at the University of Manchester in the UK, agreed the enzyme could be useful but added: “A full life-cycle assessment would be needed to ensure that the technology does not solve one environmental problem — waste — at the expense of others, including additional greenhouse gas emissions.” 1．What do we learn from the passage about an enzyme scientists have created? A．It was identified during a lab experiment accident. B．It may make full recycling of plastic bottles a reality. C．It was a breakthrough made with persistent efforts. D．It may motivate a dramatic reform in plastic industry. 2．What does the passage say about the bug that produces the important enzyme? A．It has a natural ability to consume plastics. B．It is a bacterium that reproduces at a high rate. C．It is essential to the recycling of plastic bottles. D．It has a chemical structure unknown to scientists. 3．By adjusting the enzyme produced by the bug, the scientists ________. A．made it more effective by chance B．altered its basic molecular composition C．discovered an extraordinary chemical D．found its evolutionary process sped up 4．What does Prof. McGeehan say about the recycling of plastic bottles? A．Manufacturers are implementing it on an increasingly larger scale. B．It generates huge business opportunities for plastic manufacturers. C．It has aroused persistent interest among the general public. D．Manufacturers are beginning to explore ways of doing it. 5．What is Prof. Adisa Azapagic’s attitude towards the application of the enzyme? A．Supportive. B．Skeptical. C．Indifferent. D．Enthusiastic. Passage 12 （2026·天津·一模）As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.” Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 1．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A．Pocket parks are now popular. B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C．Many cities are overpopulated. D．People enjoy living close to nature. 2．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A．To compare different types of park-goers. B．To explain why the park attracts tourists. C．To analyze the main features of the park. D．To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries. 3．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5? A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C．The same nature experience takes different forms. D．The nature language enhances work performance. 4．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A．Language study. B．Environmental conservation. C．Public education. D．Intercultural communication. 5．What is the main purpose of the study mentioned in the text? A．To introduce a new way of managing urban parks B．To create a “nature language” to promote human-nature interactions C．To prove that pocket parks are better than wild natural areas D．To encourage young professionals to hike in urban parks on weekends Passage 13 （25-26高三上·天津·期中）Although the shortcomings of the world’s dependence on plastics are all too obvious, the benefits they provide are all too easily ignored. Materials made from plastics are lighter, and cheaper and easier to produce. These materials have become vital in everything from building to car making. Plastics have also eased the world’s dependence on older materials, and on the living beings, from which many of them came. There are perhaps 10 million pianos in the world. If all the white keys were made of ivory, how many elephants would remain? Just as the benefits of plastics are often unseen, however, so are some potential harms. Now there is growing concern about what happens when they break up into micro pieces invisible to the eye. In the past decade such “microplastics” have been found in food chains, in human brains and even in the snow of Antarctica. To deal with the plastics pollution, the best approach is not to ban plastics, but to manage them more carefully. Better recycling technologies, now under development, are one part of the answer. The percentage of plastics which end up being recycled has doubled in the past two decades, but it is still only 9%. This is not because people do not care about the planet. It is because recycling is harder and more costly than most people realise. Greater use should therefore be made of landfill. When properly managed and well monitored, this is far less environmentally ruinous than often believed, and can be simpler and more effective. It also sidesteps the risk that plastics sent across the world for recycling will be dumped (倾倒) or burned. Incinerator (焚烧炉), which can both produce energy and allow the resulting carbon to be trapped, are a useful choice too, though they are also unpopular. Fortnum,a Finnish company, has found a way to turn the hydrocarbons (烃) back into plastic materials. Such innovation should be built on. When it comes to plastics, the benefits are very much greater than most people will allow — and so is the potential for managing the costs. 1．Why does the author mention the example of piano keys in paragraph 1? A．To argue that pianos should only be made from plastics. B．To stress the environmental benefits of using plastics. C．To show how plastic materials have replaced natural resources. D．To explain the environmental impact of using traditional materials. 2．What is the main reason for the low rate of plastic recycling? A．The risks caused by recycling. B．The undeveloped recycling technology. C．The difficulty and high cost of recycling. D．People’s lack of concern for the environment. 3．What does the underlined word “sidestep” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Increases. B．Encourages. C．Represents. D．Avoids. 4．According to the author, what is the key factor that makes landfill a recommended option for plastic waste management? A．Its ability to generate clean energy efficiently. B．Its role in promoting global recycling industries. C．Its low cost and simplicity when properly managed. D．Its popularity among environmentalists and the public. 5．What is the author’s overall attitude toward the future of plastic management? A．Hopeless. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Critical. Passage 14 （25-26高三上·天津·月考）For 25 years, Elephants Alive has been studying African elephants, to ensure their survival and to promote harmony with humans. We work in the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Area, monitoring elephant population dynamics and movements across South Africa, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. We have used over 180 satellite collars to understand elephant movements and developed an individual elephant identification database of over 2,000 elephants. Our long-term research is providing vital information for conservation management, helping to secure the future of these elephants. We are now urgently prioritizing (优先处理) the small populations of elephants remaining in southern Mozambique. There are three National Parks here, Zinave, Banhine and the Limpopo National Park — with wildlife corridors (通道) linking these reserves. However, poor farmers living in the reserves or the corridors linking them, are worried about their crops’ being attacked by the elephants. Where income is limited, poverty may drive some locals into illegal killing of elephants for both their meat and teeth. Our research is showing that when elephants feel challenged, they may attack crops or run through corridors under the cover of darkness to try and avoid conflicts with humans. Elephants Alive is developing bee-keeping and agricultural programmes with local women in South Africa as a proof of concept to be carried out in Mozambique. Growing crops that elephants are known to dislike in conflict areas can provide valuable income to poor communities that have to share their land with elephants as these crops can be sold for income. Elephants are known to be scared of bees, so bees can also be used to protect crops and at the same time produce honey, which can be sold for money. By developing bee-keeping near Protected Areas, and uplifting women as social role models and community leaders, peaceful coexistence with elephants can be realised. Please help support this urgent work to protect the elephants in Southern Mozambique and uplift the rural communities in these crucial wildlife corridor areas. Your donation counts! 1．How did Elephants Alive monitor elephant population dynamics and movements? A．By consulting local people. B．By referring to elephant database. C．By seeking help from volunteers. D．By making use of high technology. 2．What’s the purpose of the Elephants Alive’s long-term research? A．To better protect the safety of elephants. B．To persuade farmers to give up farming. C．To better study the living behavior of elephants. D．To prevent the population of elephants from increasing. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The poverty in Mozambique. B．The National Parks in Mozambique. C．The illegal killing of elephants in Mozambique. D．People’s conflicts with elephants in Mozambique. 4．Which can best describe the measures taken to help solve people’s conflicts with elephants? A．Easier said than done. B．Kill two birds with one stone. C．Three heads are better than one. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. 5．What is the purpose of the passage? A．Appeal to people to donate. B．Praise researchers’ efforts. C．Introduce bee—keeping programmes. D．Stress the importance of National Parks. Passage 15 （25-26高三上·天津·月考）At a large forest park in eastern Beijing, 11 birds on the state-level protection list were recently released. These birds had recovered after the Beijing Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center rescued and took care of them. “We will speed up our efforts to push the establishment of district-level wildlife rescue centers to jointly guard the health of wildlife,” said Du Lianhai, director of the center. The center was set up in 2001 and built a wildlife rescue base in the capital’s Shunyi District in 2005. Staff at the base have rescued and rehabilitated over 30,000 wild animals in total. Wildlife protection has been strengthened in Beijing in recent years. On June 1, the city’s newly adopted regulation on wildlife protection took effect, introducing stricter and more concrete measures to protect the environment and wildlife. For example, the regulation states clearly that Beijing bans hunting throughout the year, compared with the previous regulation which bans hunting during the periods of March to May and September to November each year. The new regulation also gives severer punishment for poachers. After years of monitoring, data with the Beijing Gardening and Greening Bureau recently showed ecological reconstruction progress. The species and quantity of wild animals in Beijing are continuously increasing, with the number of terrestrial spinal wild animals (陆地脊椎野生动物) growing from 461 species in 1994 to more than 500. The habitat of the endangered bird has expanded from Fangshan District to the whole city, according to the bureau. “The enforcement of the new regulation marked a new phase in Beijing’s wildlife protection work,” said Dai Mingchao, deputy director of the Beijing Gardening and Greening Bureau. “We will step up the publicity of the regulation and raise citizens’ awareness of wildlife protection,” Dai said. “In our integrated protection of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands, we take into full consideration the requirements of food-chain construction, ecological corridor construction, and wildlife and their habitat protection.” 1．What have staff at the wildlife rescue base done? A．They have sped up their efforts to recover the birds. B．They have guarded people’s health against danger. C．They have saved wild animals from a dangerous situation. D．They have pushed the establishment of district-level wildlife rescue centers. 2．What does the underlined word “concrete” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Practical. B．Temporarily. C．Effective. D．Specific. 3．What do we know about the new regulation? A．It is mainly targeted at poachers. B．It is the first such regulation in Beijing. C．It takes many years to come into being. D．It prohibits people from hunting in Beijing all the year. 4．What can we infer from Paragraphs and 8? A．Beijing citizens are still not familiar with the new regulation. B．After taking the new regulation, Beijing will enter a new phase. C．They rarely give full consideration to the requirements of food-chain construction. D．The protection of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands are not in the new regulation yet. 5．What could be the best title for the passage? A．How to protect wild animals in Beijing. B．Beijing steps up wildlife protection with new regulation. C．More district-level wildlife rescue centers established in Beijing. D．Wildlife protection has been strengthened in Beijing. Passage 16 （25-26高三上·天津蓟州·开学考试）With petroleum reserves (石油储量) decreasing, the search is on to replace gas with a cleaner, greener alternative. Though much eco-talk has centered on biofuels from corn and soybeans, the biofuel that looks more likely to replace petroleum comes from a most unlikely source: algae (藻类). Algae, like corn, soybeans, and other crops, grow via photosynthesis (光合作用) and can be processed into fuel oil. However, they yield 30 times more energy than land crops such as soybeans, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. Many algae species also can grow in saltwater and polluted water — while corn and soy require arable land and fresh water that will be in short supply as the world’s population balloons. “If you replaced all the diesel (柴油) in the U.S. with soy biodiesel, it would take half the land mass of the U.S. to grow those soybeans, ” says Matt Caspari, chief executive of Aurora Biofuels, a Berkeley, Calif.-based private firm that specializes in algae oil technology. On the other hand, the Energy Department says that if algae fuel replaced all the petroleum fuel in the United States, it would require 15,000 square miles, which is a few thousand miles larger than Maryland (12,407 square miles), the 42nd state in land area. Another bonus: Because algae can be grown just about anywhere in a closed space, they’re being tested at several power plants across the nation as a carbon absorber. Smokestack emissions (烟囱排放物) can be pumped directly into the ponds, feeding the algae while keeping greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere. Although processing technology for algae fuel — also known as “oilgae” in some environmentalist circles — is improving, it’s still years away from reaching your local gas pump. “It’s just a question of cost, because no large-scale facilities have been built yet,” Caspari says. 1．The underlined word “yield” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by _________. A．control B．require C．produce D．grow 2．Compared with corn and soybeans, algae_________. A．may pollute water and soil B．can grow in poor conditions C．provide much less energy D．need more special care 3．According to Paragraph 3, one of the advantages of algae fuel is that _________. A．it can be used more widely B．it is easier to produce C．it needs much less land D．it costs much less money 4．What do we learn about algae from Paragraph 4? A．Algae help protect the environment. B．People can grow algae anywhere. C．Fish can get more oxygen from algae. D．Algae produce less waste. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Environmental protection. B．Biofuels from corn and soybeans. C．The false hope of biofuels. D．A promising oil alternative. Passage 17 （25-26高三下·天津武清·月考）A charity called Hubbub suggests that we take our own plastic containers along when we buy takeaway food. To encourage us, we can get a discount on the food we buy. I agree with every aspect of this, other than that I personally wouldn’t want a discount. I would be only too happy to show off my absolutely world-class Tupperware collection on a daily basis. (Tupperware is a brand known for its line of plastic containers with airtight seals which are designed to keep food fresh for a longer time. ) I will be very pleased to pass on my discount to the customer behind me in the queue. They will want the money to buy themselves some better containers, for once they’ve seen mine, their whole bodies will throb (颤动) with envy. I go back a long way with plastics. My mum is from Croatia, born and raised in a city where plastic products are cherished. The notion of single-use plastics doesn’t really exist there. Just as the Croatian writer Slavenka Drakulié points out in one of her books, nobody has any choice but to be environmentally sound: everything has to be recycled or more accurately, reused. And my mum didn’t leave that habit at home when she came to Britain to meet my dad, have children and set up home in the West Midlands. To this day, my mum’s plastic collection is incomparable. Week after week, the recycling man walks up her drive, peers into the bin, shakes his head and walks away sadly — empty again. Inside, the kitchen shelves are full of plastic bottles and containers. Her habit has been passed down to me. Every time when I try to throw away plastic pots, my hand shakes as they hover over the recycling bin. Disposal seems disloyal to my mum, the planet and everything in between. Now I have transferred all my love to Tupperware. I counted 24 empty examples in various sizes this morning, along with 24 matching lids. Furthermore, at each washing I remove the plastic seals from the lids and clean them separately. If, mysteriously and upsettingly, I can’t find a lid for a tub, or a tub for a lid, the offending piece is put in my widows-and-orphans box. Sometimes a missing tub or lid turns up, and there is an emotional reunion with no small ceremony. These things are important to me. 1．What can we learn from paragraph 1? A．Hubbub offers free plastic containers to people. B．The author is proud of his Tupperware collection. C．Hubbub encourages people to buy takeaway food. D．The author tries to sell his Tupperware at a discount. 2．What do we know about the hometown of the author’s mum? A．It is a place where plastic pollution is serious. B．It is a place where plastic products are expensive. C．It is a place which takes plastic recycling seriously. D．It is a place which consumes lots of single-use plastics. 3．How does the author feel when he tries to throw away plastic pots? A．Relieved. B．Delighted. C．Angry. D．Guilty. 4．What will the author do if he can’t match a lid and a tub? A．He will buy a new pair. B．He will give them to others. C．He will keep them in his storage box. D．He will attempt to find the missing parts. 5．It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A．recycling plastics is a tradition in author’s family B．the author is keen on collecting plastic products C．the recycling man appreciates the author mom’s life style D．the author throw away her plastic products regularly Passage 18 （25-26高三上·天津滨海新区·月考）Officially: Iceland is no longer mosquito-free. On Oct 21, Iceland’s Natural Science Institute announced that three mosquitoes had been discovered near Reykjavik, the capital city. This marks “the first record of mosquitoes in the wild in Iceland,” Matthias Alfredson, a scientist at the institute, told CNN. Mosquitoes are common insects with over 3,700 species worldwide, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Iceland, thanks to its cold, harsh climate, was once one of only two places on Earth without mosquitoes — the other being Antarctica. However, climate change is changing that. This spring, Iceland saw record temperatures, 26. 6°C on May 15, with some areas reaching 10°C above average, according to the Icelandic Meteorological Office. Iceland isn’t alone: Hawaii lost its mosquito-free status in 1826, when mosquitoes “hitchhiked (搭便车)” there on European and American ships. They thrived in Hawaii’s warm climate, and in recent years, global warming has helped expand their range into the islands’ higher-elevation (更高海拔) forests that were once too cold for them. Even in regions where mosquitoes are common, more species are appearing as the planet warms, The Guardian reported. For example in the UK, two non-native species, one of which is the Egyptian mosquito, were discovered this year. They can spread diseases like dengue fever (登革热), which affects 100 to 400 million people annually, according to the World Health Organization. Mosquitoes depend heavily on temperature for survival: they are cold-blooded, poikilothermal (变温的), meaning their body temperature matches their environment, explained The Conversation. Mosquito larvae (幼虫) need temperatures between 7℃ and 16℃ to grow, and adults prefer temperatures over 27℃, hibernating when temperatures drop below 10℃. Besides temperature, climate change also aids mosquito spread by disrupting precipitation patterns (降水模式) — given that mosquitoes develop in stagnant, dirty water before maturing into adults, the Stanford Report noted. And floods create breeding pools for them, while droughts lead people to store water, increasing mosquito habitats, according to the World Mosquito Program, a non-profit organization run by Monash University in Australia. While mosquitoes are thriving due to climate change, other animals are being forced to move farther north as a result of the same trend, World Atlas notes. This is particularly true for Arctic species like polar bears and snowy owl (雪鸮). 1．What is the focus of Paragraph 1? A．The reason for Iceland’s mosquito-free history. B．The first discovery of mosquitoes in Iceland. C．The climate feature of Iceland’s capital. D．A scientist working in Iceland’s institute. 2．What does the underlined word “thrived” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Grew rapidly. B．Survived hardly C．Disappeared suddenly. D．Changed completely. 3．What do we know about mosquitoes’ temperature preferences from Paragraph 6? A．Adults hibernate when temperatures are above 27℃. B．Young mosquitoes need temperatures below 7℃ to grow. C．Adults thrive in temperatures higher than 27℃. D．Their body temperature remains constant in cold environments. 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．More animals will enter Iceland in the future. B．Arctic species suffer most from climate change. C．Mosquitoes will continue to expand their range. D．Climate change affects animal movements differently. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Climate change increases mosquitoes’ impact on health. B．Climate change provides conditions for mosquito survival. C．Climate change spreads mosquitoes and affects other species. D．Climate change makes Iceland and Hawaii lose mosquito-free status. Passage 19 （25-26高三上·天津蓟州·月考）Visitors to Yellowstone National Park were shocked when they saw what appeared to be a dog with a collar (项圈) running free in the park, only to realize it was a large black wolf. Marcela, a wildlife photographer who runs the photo studio Ruby Hour Photo Art. captured the moment in September 2024. She shared the video on her Instagram account @rubyhourphotoart on May 3, 2025, explaining she was posting it as “a reminder to drive carefully in Yellowstone.” The video shows a large black wolf — wearing a bright yellow collar-running across the grass before crossing the road. But just as it reaches the road, a fast-moving car slows down in time to allow the wolf to continue crossing. “It pays to pay attention, especially during those seasons when animals are moving across the parks or have new babies,” said Marcela. The Yellowstone Wolf Project is a detailed study of wolves in the national park, including the animals’ population, predator-prey interactions (捕食关系) and social behavior. Researchers place collars with very high frequency (频率) radio and GPS on wolves in the area to track and study the animals, according to Yellowstone.org. Marcela told Newsweek it’s always an amazing experience to observe wildlife in their own habitat (栖息地), stressing the importance of doing so from a proper distance, and treating them with respect. She said, “After all, it’s us who are the guests in their environment. I understand people get excited and want to get close, but it’s worth remembering you’re putting both yourself and the animal in danger too by inattentively driving or getting too close.” 1．How does the author start the text? A．By presenting a scientific fact about wolves. B．By describing a surprising scene visitors saw. C．By introducing the work of a wildlife photographer. D．By giving advice on driving safely in national parks. 2．Why did Marcela share the video on Instagram? A．To show her dangerous experience. B．To tell drivers to watch out for animals. C．To attract customers to her photo studio. D．To introduce the Yellowstone Wolf Project. 3．What does the video mainly show? A．A car accident involving a wolf. B．A visitor taking photos of wolves. C．A car stopping for a wolf to cross. D．A wolf interacting with researchers. 4．What is the main focus of the Yellowstone Wolf Project? A．Guiding visitors to watch wolves. B．Controlling the number of wolves. C．Protecting wolves from human activities. D．Studying wolves’ lives in the park in detail. 5．What does Marcela want to say in the last paragraph? A．We should keep a safe distance from wildlife. B．We are responsible for some wildlife deaths. C．We have destroyed many wildlife habitats. D．We should treat wildlife as respected guests. Passage 20 （25-26高三上·天津河东·期末）A new study indicates that as global warming continues, parts of Africa may face more dengue (登革热病) cases but fewer malaria (疟疾) infections. Both diseases are transmitted by mosquitoes, yet the two mosquito species have distinct climate preferences. Malaria is carried by Anopheles mosquitoes, which thrive at around 25℃, while dengue-spreading Aedes mosquitoes favor warmer temperatures — about 4℃ higher than that for Anopheles. To predict future disease risks, researchers used long-term data on how mosquitoes react to temperature, together with population, models and detailed climate forecasts. Their study shows that by 2080, Aedes mosquitoes may spread widely across sub-Saharan Africa. They could move into areas that were once too cold for them to live in. This spread may lead to more cases of dengue. On the other hand, Anopheles mosquitoes may be forced to move southward or to higher, cooler mountain areas as the climate warms. This could reduce malaria in lowland regions. Africa’s rapid urbanization further amplifies (扩大) dengue risk. Aedes mosquitoes breed in small containers made by humans, such as bottle caps, which are common in cities. In addition, cities are often warmer than rural areas because buildings and roads trap heat, creating environments where mosquitoes can grow more quickly. Africa's public health systems are ill-prepared to tackle this emerging dengue threat. The continent has made great progress in controlling malaria with bed nets, insecticide (杀虫剂) spraying, and antimalarial drugs. But dengue requires specific prevention methods that fit the unique breeding habits of Aedes mosquitoes. Effective measures include removing stagnant (污浊的) water sources in urban areas, and releasing mosquitoes with Wolbachia — a natural bacterium that stops dengue virus reproduction in the insect’s body. Trials in Indonesia and Brazil have shown good results, cutting dengue cases by 77% in treated areas. However, experts warn that malaria, deeply entrenched in Africa's rural areas may not disappear entirely. This raises the risk of a “double-trouble” situation in some changing regions, where both diseases exist at the same time and add more pressure to the health systems. 1．What is the main finding of the new study? A．Malaria is the only risk in Africa. B．Global warming may alter the spread of dengue and malaria in Africa. C．Aedes mosquitoes are more dangerous than Anopheles mosquitoes. D．Urbanization is the main cause of dengue spread in Africa. 2．According to the passage, what is the best temperature for Aedes mosquitoes? A．Around 21°C．B．Around 25° C．C． Around 29°C． D．Around 33°C． 3．Why does urbanization increase dengue risk in Africa? A．Urban areas have more medical resources for treating dengue. B．Urban areas provide suitable breeding sites and warmer environments. C．More people travel abroad, bringing dengue virus back. D．Urban residents are less aware of dengue prevention. 4．The underlined phrase “ill-prepared” in Paragraph 4 probably means _____. A．not well-equipped B．fully experienced C．highly motivated D．easily discouraged 5．We can infer from the passage that _____. A．malaria will disappear completely in Africa by 2080 B．Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes have been widely used in Africa C．climate change and urbanization both affect the spread of dengue D．Anopheles mosquitoes will move to northern Africa for cooler conditions $