Unit5 Good manners 单元测试A卷（含解析）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册（译林版新教材）

译林版 8B Unit5 Good manners单元测试A卷 （考试时间90分钟 满分100分） 一、单项选择（15分） 1．—Could you please step aside a little? Your chair is ________ my way. —Oh no, I’m so sorry! I didn’t realize I was blocking you. A．on B．in C．at D．by 2．—Did you have a ________ trip to Hangzhou? —Yes, I was very ________ with it. A．pleased, pleased B．pleasant, pleasant C．pleased, pleasant D．pleasant, pleased 3．People in Wuxi ________ have sweet Wuxi pork ribs for family dinner at weekends, as it’s a traditional local dish. A．normally B．suddenly C．recently D．completely 4．How could I ________ him when he offered me all that money? I was really short of it A．realize B．respect C．refuse D．review 5．—My little brother always reaches across the table for food. —You should teach him good ________, including waiting politely and not reaching over others. A．hobbies B．manners C．politeness D．advice 6．Once you promise ________ something, you should ________. A．to do; keep your word B．doing; keep your word C．to do; break your word D．doing; not break your word 7．We should wait ________ when we wait for the bus. A．in danger B．in line C．in trouble D．in fact 8．Mr Brown was too busy __________ the papers __________ his mobile phone. A．to mark; to check B．to mark; checking C．marking;checking D．marking; to check 9．I __________ feel tired after work. But now I __________ it. A．get used to; used to B．used to; used to C．used to; am getting used to D．get used to; be used to 10．--The film Dead to Rights (《南京照相馆》) was so __________ that all the viewers were __________ to tears in the cinema. --Yes. It’s one of the best movies I’ve ever seen. A．moving; moved B．moving; moving C．moved; moving D．moved; moved 11．—________ do you usually do to show your politeness? —I usually say “Excuse me” when I need to pass by others. A．What B．When C．Where D．How 12．Please take an umbrella with you ________ it rains ________. A．so that; in the way B．even though; in this way C．as soon as; by the way D．in case; on the way 13．The poster is probably designed to ________. A．show manners at a theatre B．announce a meeting C．offer an online singing competition D．introduce a radio programme 14．The guests praised Tom and his younger sister, because they ________ well at mealtime. A．will behave B．behaved C．have behaved D．were behaving 15．—What’s important during my study trip abroad, Mr. Wang?      —Respect local habits. As the saying goes, “________.” A．Practice makes perfect B．Old habits die hard C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do D．Don’t burn the candle at both ends 二、完形填空（10分） I just arrived in this country for a one-year schooling. One day, I took the underground to visit some ancient palaces. But what happened to me next has taught me much about culture 16 . Since all the 17 were taken, I stood. But in one quick motion (动作), I felt my bag removed (移 动) from my back, and suddenly it was 18 . I turned around to see who the thief was. I looked around the car only to find directly across from me was an elderly lady, and sitting on her lap was my bag. I tried to get it back from her lap. But as I began to 19 it up, she quickly grabbed (抓) back and held onto it. I looked around at the people standing beside me, and those sitting beside her but no one took any   20   of the situation. I used my hands as possible as I could, but it didn’t work. She picked up my bag, showing how 21   it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to 22 me. At the next stop, a middle-aged woman got on the busy underground. Another elderly woman sitting down took her bag, setting it on her lap. They didn’t talk, but this older woman was more than happy to sit with this stranger’s bag on her lap 23 her journey. As I was getting ready to get off, the woman gently handed me back my bag. But 24 I had a chance to thank her, she had disappeared (消失) into the crowd. Sadly, this custom was more surprising to me than if I was robbed (抢劫). Everyone back home had heard of being robbed—that was 25 city behavior—but having a stranger hold onto someone’s bag out of kindness, in a city of twelve million people—that was truly special. 16．A．problem B．purpose C．cause D．difference 17．A．cars B．seats C．buses D．stations 18．A．broken B．emptied C．opened D．gone 19．A．pull B．bring C．check D．push 20．A．ideas B．care C．notice D．photo 21．A．small B．useful C．dirty D．heavy 22．A．thank B．treat C．help D．warn 23．A．through B．across C．before D．after 24．A．until B．after C．before D．when 25．A．usual B．harmful C．practical D．suitable 三、阅读理解（15分） （A） FranceFrance is famous for its people’s romantic (浪漫的) way of greeting. They touch their face and make a kissing sound. BrazilCome and take a bath! Indians in Brazil (巴西) love bathing very much. When you visit them, they will invite you to take a bath in a river with them. ThailandPeople in Thailand press their hands together and bow to greet each other. If you hold your hands higher or take a lower bow, you show more respect to others. New ZealandThe custom of welcoming someone is called the “hongi”. People touch their noses together when they meet. They are sharing their breath with their guests. How do people greet visitors? In most countries, people shake hands when they meet. However, the world is made up of many different cultures. Other cultures have special customs. Read on to find out! 26．How many ways of greeting are there in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 27．Which country greets people by touching noses? A．France. B．Brazil. C．Thailand. D．New Zealand. 28．Which part of the newspaper is the passage taken from? A．Science. B．Culture. C．Travel. D．Business. （B） “Can I have a glass of hot water?” This is a very common question in a restaurant. For many Chinese people, nothing is more common than drinking hot water every day. But this habit is like a mystery to people from other countries. For many Westerners, the idea of drinking hot water is very strange. But most Chinese people think the Americans’ habit of drinking icy water is also strange and even unhealthy. Chinese doctors are asking more people to take on the habit of drinking hot water, especially for women. But in Western countries, drinking hot water isn’t common. Westerners often have drinks with ice, not just on hot days but almost every day. There is a story about an Englishman, who worked in Beijing for over five years. He visited a café when going back to England. He asked for a glass of hot water in a British accent. But this requirement made the waitress surprised, “To…to…drink?” she asked. At last, the man got the hot water but felt cold stares (凝视) from every corner of the café. Westerners want to know why Chinese drink hot water as Chinese want to know why Westerners drink cold water. This cultural difference is not an easy problem, but related to (与……有关联) history, culture and science. Many young people now drink bottled water every day. With the young people growing up, will drinking hot water become a less popular life habit? Who knows? 29．What do Chinese think of drinking icy water from the passage? A．Common and healthy. B．Strange but healthy. C．Common but unhealthy. D．Strange and unhealthy. 30．The underlined part in the fourth paragraph means other people in the café ____. A．were angry at the man's requirement B．followed the example of the man C．thought the man’s requirement was strange D．were interested in the man’s requirement 31．What would be the best title for the text? A．Healthy Life Habits B．Different Drinking Habits C．How to Drink Water D．Drinking Hot Water in China （C） Three people were sitting around a table in a restaurant in Brazil. How much do you think each of them tipped? The Briton asked, “It’s common to tip 10 percent, right?” The American man cried, “Oh, I was planning to leave 20 percent!” The Chinese woman asked, “What’s a tip ?” Although it is not a tradition to tip in China, tipping is a big deal in the United States. There, it is common to tip about 15 to 20 percent of the bill. Usually, people give tips to a waiter or waitress. The US tops the list of tipping-waiters and waitresses are expecting to get 15-20 percent of the bill. So if you order $100 in food, you are expected to pay your waiter at least $15, making your payment $115 in all. Why is this? Many waiters and waitresses get paid below the US minimum wage (最低工资), and tips make up for that. Some states pay their servers only $2.13 per hour. It is not just for waiters, either. Hotel workers, hairdressers and taxi drivers also expect tips. Tipping is also popular in some Southeast Asian countries, like Indonesia and Thailand. However, in Japan, there is a no-tipping culture. If you try to give a waiter or waitress money, you may actually upset him or her. 32．What did the Chinese woman mean? A．She didn’t want to give any tip. B．She believed tipping should be little. C．She thought 20 percent was not enough. D．She didn’t know anything about tipping. 33．Why is tipping a big deal in the United States? A．Because it is not a tradition for servers to get payment. B．Because waiters and waitresses get very low wages. C．Because the US sets a minimum wage for every person. D．Because there are too many serving jobs in the US. 34．Which country does not have a culture of tipping? A．Britain B．Indonesia C．Thailand D．Japan 35．What is the story mainly about? A．How Americans eat out. B．Tipping culture worldwide. C．Why high tips are expected. D．Shared service traditions. （D） Do you sometimes feel left alone? Teenagers need to feel like they are members of a group. Just having to eat alone in the dining hall is enough to make them feel worried. They are afraid of being called a “loner”. But being a loner doesn’t always mean being strange or disliked. In fact, it has become a lifestyle in many countries among young people who think about being alone to be a part of everyday life. In South Korea, there are a growing number of people who describe themselves as “honjok”. These people eat alone, travel alone and enjoy being by themselves. In Japan, people have had a strong loner culture over the years. There are solo (单人的) cafes and solo KTVs. The restaurants for solo diners are especially popular. There are boards between two seats in a line against the wall. Diners can’t see the faces of other people. Knowing that you are not the only loner may make you feel better. But more importantly, you can try to find strength in your aloneness. Aloneness gives you time to look inside yourself or do other things with full attention. “It’s hard to feel lonely when you’re trying to learn a new skill, practice a hobby or try out a new diet,” wrote US lifestyle writer Adrienne Breaux. 36．Why don’t some teenagers want to be alone? A．Because eating alone is bad for their health. B．Because they are worried about being called a “loner”. C．Because making friends can make them feel different. D．Because they may not feel safe when staying alone. 37．What does the underlined word “honjok” mean in South Korea? A．A group of people being alone. B．Solo cafes and solo KTVs. C．People who are afraid of being alone. D．Teenagers who like practicing hobbies together. 38．What does the writer mention South Korea and Japan for? A．To explain being a loner has become a lifestyle in many countries. B．To show teenagers are afraid of being called a “loner”. C．To explain being a loner sometimes means being strange or disliked. D．To show aloneness is good for us in some ways. 39．Aloneness can help us ________. ①take a look at ourselves ②devote ourselves to doing things ③know we are the only loner ④try to become strong A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 40．The purpose of the passage is to ________. A．tell us the bad points of being alone B．show real loners in different countries C．introduce Asian cultures among youth D．help people look at aloneness in a good way 四、单词拼写（15分） 41．The two old friends ________ (拥抱) each other tightly when they met again twenty years later. 42．She made the stranger feel welcome by ________ (称呼) him as “Sir” with a smile. 43．His _______ (谦虚的) attitude won him a lot of friends in the new school. 44．Parents should teach their children some basic good _______ (礼仪) from an early age. 45．People in this country are very ________ (好客的) to every visitor. 46．It’s OK if you think ________ (different) from others. You can share your opinion with us. 47．Try not to be too ________ (patient) with her. After all, she is only a kid. 48．________ (polite) is not just about words, it also includes body language and facial expressions. 49．All the students were ________ (please) to hear they would go on a school trip next Monday. 50．We should speak ________ (respect) to the elderly and make them feel warm. 51．The top student ________ (毫不隐瞒地) told us her secret to improving English writing. 52．Don’t be afraid of ________ (表现) badly in public. Just show others your ability. 53．People around the world love living ________ (peace) and hate wars. 54．The food in that restaurant is so ________ (taste) that we want to eat there again. 55．She refused to join our _______________ (discuss) and finished her paper alone. 五、完成句子（10分） 56．中国人总是表现得很谦虚，而不是公开接受别人的赞美。 Chinese people always behave modestly _____________ . 57．说到交朋友，诚实友好准错不了。 _____________, you ____________ being honest and friendly. 58．虽然很赶时间，这位绅士还是拒绝插队。 The gentleman ___________________ though he was in a hurry. 59．玛丽足够值得信赖，她总是信守承诺。 Mary is ________________ all the time. 60．请不要拘束，需要什么就告诉我。 Please ________________, and tell me if you need anything. 六、任务型阅读（10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。     Linda is a 14-year-old girl. She lives with her mother. Her mother is a doctor and is always busy with work, but she never forgets to teach Linda good manners.     Every morning, Linda says “Good morning” to her mother before going to school. When her mother comes back home from work, Linda greets her with a smile and helps her take off her coat. One day, Linda’s mother was very tired after a long day’s work. She fell asleep on the sofa. Linda didn’t wake her up. Instead, she covered her mother with a blanket and quietly cleaned the room. When her mother woke up, she was very moved.     Linda also has good manners at school. She respects her teachers and is kind to her classmates. If someone borrows her things, she always agrees happily. When she makes a mistake, she says “sorry” sincerely. Last week, she accidentally broke her classmate’s pen. She apologized to her classmate and bought a new one for her. Her classmate forgave her quickly.     Linda’s mother often tells her that good manners can help her make more friends and get along well with others. Linda remembers her mother’s words and tries her best to be a polite girl. 61．How old is Linda? 62．What does Linda’s mother do? 63．What did Linda do when her mother fell asleep on the sofa? 64．How did Linda apologize to her classmate for breaking the pen? 65．What does Linda’s mother think good manners can help her do? 七、短文填空（10分） The ocean is a beautiful and mysterious world. It is home to many kinds of sea animals and plants. But now, the ocean is facing a lot of problems because of human activities. We need to have good m 66 to protect the ocean.    First, we shouldn’t throw rubbish into the ocean. Rubbish such as plastic bags and bottles can harm sea animals. Many sea turtles mistake plastic bags for jellyfish and eat them, which can cause their d 67 . Second, we should not overfish. Overfishing will make some sea animals disappear forever. We should follow the fishing rules and give the fish enough time to r 68 . Third, we shouldn’t pour dirty water into the ocean. Dirty water can pollute the sea and make the sea animals sick.     Also, when we visit the beach, we should keep it clean. Don’t leave any litter on the sand. We can join volunteer activities to c 69 up the beach. What’s more, we should learn more about the ocean and tell our friends and family about the i 70 of protecting it.     Protecting the ocean is not only good for sea animals and plants, but also good for humans. The ocean provides us with many useful things, such as seafood and clean water. If we protect the ocean well, it will continue to give us these g 71 .     Let’s take action now. With good manners and efforts, we can make the ocean a better place for everyone. Remember, every small act of protecting the ocean c 72 . We should never give up. Let’s work together to s 73 the ocean. In this way, our children and grandchildren will also be able to e 74 the beautiful ocean and all the wonderful things in it. Let’s make a promise to protect the ocean and keep it clean and h 75 forever. 八、书面表达（15分） 76．青春有礼，阳光同行。学校将举办“青春仪式”主题活动，倡议青少年践行文明礼仪、传递温暖力量。请以“用礼貌与善意点亮青春”为题，写一篇英语短文。 要求：     (1)描述践行礼仪和传递温暖的具体做法，至少各3点；语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清晰。 (2)词数90左右；文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 (3)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称等信息。 Light Up Youth with Good Manners and Kindness Youth is a time not only to improve our knowledge and abilities, but to grow with good manners and kindness. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Remember: every small effort counts. Let’s light up youth with our actions and make the world a better place for everyone. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版 8B Unit5 Good manners单元测试A卷 （考试时间90分钟 满分100分） 一、单项选择（15分） 1．—Could you please step aside a little? Your chair is ________ my way. —Oh no, I’m so sorry! I didn’t realize I was blocking you. A．on B．in C．at D．by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——您能稍微挪一下吗？您的椅子挡着我的路了。——哦不，非常抱歉！我没意识到我挡着您了。 on在……上；  in在……里；  at在……地点 ，时刻； by通过。on one’s way to...意为 “在去……的路上；in one’s way意为 “挡道/妨碍某人”；at与way结合无明确语义；by the way表示“顺便说一下”。根据“I’m so sorry! I didn’t realize I was blocking you.”可知，此处表示椅子挡住了路。故填in。 2．—Did you have a ________ trip to Hangzhou? —Yes, I was very ________ with it. A．pleased, pleased B．pleasant, pleasant C．pleased, pleasant D．pleasant, pleased 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你去杭州的旅行愉快吗？——愉快，我对它很满意。 pleasant令人愉快的，常修饰物；pleased感到满意的，常修饰人。第一空修饰名词“trip”，指物，应用pleasant；第二空主语是I，指人，且“be pleased with”为固定搭配。 3．People in Wuxi ________ have sweet Wuxi pork ribs for family dinner at weekends, as it’s a traditional local dish. A．normally B．suddenly C．recently D．completely 【答案】A 【详解】句意：无锡人周末家庭聚餐通常吃无锡糖醋排骨，因为这是一道传统的当地菜肴。 normally通常；suddenly突然；recently最近；completely完全。根据“as it’s a traditional local dish”可知这是当地传统习俗，表示通常的情况。故选A。 4．How could I ________ him when he offered me all that money? I was really short of it A．realize B．respect C．refuse D．review 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当他给我那么多钱时，我怎么能拒绝他呢？我真的很缺钱。 realize意识到；respect尊重；refuse拒绝；review复习。根据“I was really short of it”可知作者当时很缺钱，因此不可能拒绝别人的资助。故选C。 5．—My little brother always reaches across the table for food. —You should teach him good ________, including waiting politely and not reaching over others. A．hobbies B．manners C．politeness D．advice 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我弟弟总是在餐桌前伸手去拿食物。——你应该教他良好的礼仪，包括礼貌地等待，不要越过别人去拿东西。 考查名词辨析。hobbies爱好；manners礼仪，礼貌；politeness有礼貌；advice建议。根据“including waiting politely and not reaching over others.”可知，此处指礼仪。故选B。 6．Once you promise ________ something, you should ________. A．to do; keep your word B．doing; keep your word C．to do; break your word D．doing; not break your word 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一旦你答应去做某事，你就应该信守诺言。 考查非谓语动词和动词短语。keep your word信守诺言；break your word食言；not break your word不要食言。第一空，promise to do sth.“答应做某事”，是固定搭配，因此用to do；第二空，根据句意，答应别人后应该“信守诺言”，“keep your word”符合。故选A。 7．We should wait ________ when we wait for the bus. A．in danger B．in line C．in trouble D．in fact 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我们等公共汽车时，我们应该排队等候。 考查介词短语辨析。in danger处于危险中；in line排队；in trouble陷入麻烦；in fact事实上。根据“when we wait for the bus”可知，等公交车时应排队等候，符合公共秩序常识。故选B。 8．Mr Brown was too busy __________ the papers __________ his mobile phone. A．to mark; to check B．to mark; checking C．marking;checking D．marking; to check 【答案】D 【详解】句意：布朗先生太忙于批改试卷，没时间看手机。 考查动词短语。to mark评分，动词不定式； to check检查，不定式；checking检查，动名词/现在分词）；marking标记，动名词/现在分词。根据固定搭配“be busy doing” 忙于做某事，因此busy 后接 doing，表示“忙于做某事”；too busy doing sth. to do sth. 表示“太忙做某事而不能做另一事”，因此第一空用 marking，第二空用 to check。故选D。 9．I __________ feel tired after work. But now I __________ it. A．get used to; used to B．used to; used to C．used to; am getting used to D．get used to; be used to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我过去常常在工作后感到疲惫。但现在我逐渐习惯它了。 考查used to与get used to的辨析。used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事（现在不做了）”；get used to (doing) sth.表示“逐渐习惯于（做）某事”。根据“But now”可知，前半句说的是过去的状态，用used to；后半句表示现在逐渐适应，用get used to，此处用现在进行时态，所以用am getting used to。故选C。 10．--The film Dead to Rights (《南京照相馆》) was so __________ that all the viewers were __________ to tears in the cinema. --Yes. It’s one of the best movies I’ve ever seen. A．moving; moved B．moving; moving C．moved; moving D．moved; moved 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——电影《南京照相馆》如此感人，以至于所有观众在电影院里都被感动得流泪了。——是的，这是我看过的最好的电影之一。 考查形容词辨析。moving令人感动的；moved被感动的。第一空修饰电影，用表示“令人感动的”moving；第二空表示观众“被感动”，用moved。故选A。 11．—________ do you usually do to show your politeness? —I usually say “Excuse me” when I need to pass by others. A．What B．When C．Where D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你通常做什么来展示你的礼貌？——当我需要经过别人身边时，我通常说“打扰一下”。 考查疑问词辨析。What什么；When何时；Where哪里；How如何。根据答句“I usually say ‘Excuse me’...”可知，问句询问的是“做什么”来表现礼貌，应使用疑问词What提问。故选A。 12．Please take an umbrella with you ________ it rains ________. A．so that; in the way B．even though; in this way C．as soon as; by the way D．in case; on the way 【答案】D 【详解】句意：请随身带把伞，以防在途中下雨。 考查连词短语及介词短语辨析。第一空，so that以便；even though尽管；as soon as一……就；in case以防。空格后的从句“it rains”是带伞的原因或可能发生的情况，应用“in case”引导条件状语从句，表示“以防”。第二空，in the way挡路；in this way用这种方法；by the way顺便说；on the way在路上。根据句意，此处指“在途中”下雨，应用“on the way”。故选D。 13．The poster is probably designed to ________. A．show manners at a theatre B．announce a meeting C．offer an online singing competition D．introduce a radio programme 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这张海报的设计目的很可能是展示剧院礼仪。 考查常识。show manners at a theatre展示剧院礼仪；announce a meeting宣布一场会议；offer an online singing competition提供一场线上歌唱比赛；introduce a radio programme介绍一档广播节目。根据海报中的“Stay in your seat!”、“Watch and listen!”、“No talking or eating!”、“No mobile phones!”、“Respect actors and actresses!”可知，都是剧院观看演出时的礼仪规范。故选A。 14．The guests praised Tom and his younger sister, because they ________ well at mealtime. A．will behave B．behaved C．have behaved D．were behaving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：客人们表扬了汤姆和他的妹妹，因为他们在用餐时表现得很好。 will behave 将要表现（一般将来时）；behaved 表现（一般过去时）；have behaved 已经表现（现在完成时）；were behaving 正在表现（过去进行时）。 根据主句谓语“praised”（一般过去时），且“mealtime”是过去的具体时间，动作“表现”发生在过去，应用一般过去时，用behaved。   15．—What’s important during my study trip abroad, Mr. Wang?      —Respect local habits. As the saying goes, “________.” A．Practice makes perfect B．Old habits die hard C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do D．Don’t burn the candle at both ends 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——王老师，我在国外学习旅行时什么最重要？——尊重当地习惯。俗话说：“入乡随俗”。 考查谚语理解。Practice makes perfect熟能生巧；Old habits die hard积习难改；When in Rome, do as the Romans do入乡随俗；Don’t burn the candle at both ends不要过度劳累。根据上文“Respect local habits”可知，此处应表示“入乡随俗”的含义。故选C。 二、完形填空（10分） I just arrived in this country for a one-year schooling. One day, I took the underground to visit some ancient palaces. But what happened to me next has taught me much about culture 16 . Since all the 17 were taken, I stood. But in one quick motion (动作), I felt my bag removed (移 动) from my back, and suddenly it was 18 . I turned around to see who the thief was. I looked around the car only to find directly across from me was an elderly lady, and sitting on her lap was my bag. I tried to get it back from her lap. But as I began to 19 it up, she quickly grabbed (抓) back and held onto it. I looked around at the people standing beside me, and those sitting beside her but no one took any   20   of the situation. I used my hands as possible as I could, but it didn’t work. She picked up my bag, showing how 21   it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to 22 me. At the next stop, a middle-aged woman got on the busy underground. Another elderly woman sitting down took her bag, setting it on her lap. They didn’t talk, but this older woman was more than happy to sit with this stranger’s bag on her lap 23 her journey. As I was getting ready to get off, the woman gently handed me back my bag. But 24 I had a chance to thank her, she had disappeared (消失) into the crowd. Sadly, this custom was more surprising to me than if I was robbed (抢劫). Everyone back home had heard of being robbed—that was 25 city behavior—but having a stranger hold onto someone’s bag out of kindness, in a city of twelve million people—that was truly special. 16．A．problem B．purpose C．cause D．difference 17．A．cars B．seats C．buses D．stations 18．A．broken B．emptied C．opened D．gone 19．A．pull B．bring C．check D．push 20．A．ideas B．care C．notice D．photo 21．A．small B．useful C．dirty D．heavy 22．A．thank B．treat C．help D．warn 23．A．through B．across C．before D．after 24．A．until B．after C．before D．when 25．A．usual B．harmful C．practical D．suitable 【答案】 16．D 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．A 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者旅游时在地铁上，由于文化差异而引起的一场误会。 16．句意：但接下来发生在我身上的事，教会了我很多关于文化差异的知识。 problem问题；purpose目的；cause原因；difference差异；联系下文内容可知，本文讲述的是由于文化“差异”而引起的一场误会。故选D。 17．句意：由于所有的座位都坐满了，我只好站着。 cars汽车；seats座位；buses公共汽车；stations车站；根据“I stood.”可知，作者之所以站着,是因为“座位”都被坐满了。故选B。 18．句意：但是在一个快速的动作中，我感觉到我的包从我的背上被拿走了，然后它突然就不见了。 broken坏掉； emptied掏空；opened打开；gone离去；根据前面的“I felt my bag removed from my back”可推断，作者的包不见了。故选D。 19．句意：但当我开始把它拉上来时，她迅速地抓住了它。 pull拉；bring带来；check检查；push推；根据上文“I tried to get it back from her lap. ”我试图把它从她腿上拿回来。由此说明作者打算将自己的包拉回来。故选A。 20．句意：我环顾四周，看看站在我身边的人和坐在她身边的人，但没有人注意到这一情况。 ideas想法；care照料；notice注意；photo照片；根据“I looked around at the people standing beside me, and those sitting beside her...”可知，作者环顾四周，看着站在旁边的人和坐在旁边的人，由此说明作者是想看看周围是否有人注意到老妇人“抢包”这一情况；take notice of注意到，固定短语。故选C。 21．句意：她拿起我的包，展示了它有多重。 small小的；useful有用的；dirty脏的；heavy重的；根据老妇人的动作“She picked up my bag,”可推测，她是想展示这个包很重。故选D。 22．句意：她提着我的包来帮我。 thank感谢；treat对待；help帮助；warn警告；根据上文“I finally began to understand.”可知，作者明白了老人不是想将包占为己有,而是觉得包太沉了,想要帮忙拿着包,是要帮助自己。故选C。 23．句意：他们没有交谈，但这位上了年纪的女士却非常乐意在旅途中把这个陌生人的包放在膝盖上。 through在……之中；across穿过；before在……之前；after在……之后；根据“...her journey.”可知，此处使用through，表达的是“在旅途中”。故选A。 24．句意：但我还没来得及感谢她，她就消失在人群中了。 until到……时；after在……之后；before在……之前；when在那时；根据“...she had disappeared (消失) into the crowd.”可知，在作者道谢之前，老妇人就已经消失在人群中了。故选C。 25．句意：在家乡的每个人都听说过被抢劫的事——这是城市里的常见行为——但是在一个拥有1200万人口的城市里，一个陌生人出于善意帮别人拿包——这真的很特别。 usual常见的；harmful有害的；practical实际的；suitable适当的；根据“Everyone back home had heard of being robbed...”可知，在家乡的每个人都听说过被抢劫的事，由此说明在家乡，被抢劫是常见的事。故选A。 三、阅读理解（15分） （A） FranceFrance is famous for its people’s romantic (浪漫的) way of greeting. They touch their face and make a kissing sound. BrazilCome and take a bath! Indians in Brazil (巴西) love bathing very much. When you visit them, they will invite you to take a bath in a river with them. ThailandPeople in Thailand press their hands together and bow to greet each other. If you hold your hands higher or take a lower bow, you show more respect to others. New ZealandThe custom of welcoming someone is called the “hongi”. People touch their noses together when they meet. They are sharing their breath with their guests. How do people greet visitors? In most countries, people shake hands when they meet. However, the world is made up of many different cultures. Other cultures have special customs. Read on to find out! 26．How many ways of greeting are there in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 27．Which country greets people by touching noses? A．France. B．Brazil. C．Thailand. D．New Zealand. 28．Which part of the newspaper is the passage taken from? A．Science. B．Culture. C．Travel. D．Business. 【答案】26．C 27．D 28．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了法国、巴西、泰国和新西兰四个国家独特的问候方式，展示了不同文化的多样性。 26．文章表格中分别提到了法国、巴西、泰国和新西兰的四种不同的问候方式，文章最后一段还明确提到“In most countries, people shake hands when they meet.”，所以全文共计提到了5种问候方式。 27．文章新西兰部分“People touch their noses together when they meet.”指出，新西兰人通过碰鼻子来问候。 28．文章围绕不同国家独特的问候习俗展开，属于文化习俗的介绍。 （B） “Can I have a glass of hot water?” This is a very common question in a restaurant. For many Chinese people, nothing is more common than drinking hot water every day. But this habit is like a mystery to people from other countries. For many Westerners, the idea of drinking hot water is very strange. But most Chinese people think the Americans’ habit of drinking icy water is also strange and even unhealthy. Chinese doctors are asking more people to take on the habit of drinking hot water, especially for women. But in Western countries, drinking hot water isn’t common. Westerners often have drinks with ice, not just on hot days but almost every day. There is a story about an Englishman, who worked in Beijing for over five years. He visited a café when going back to England. He asked for a glass of hot water in a British accent. But this requirement made the waitress surprised, “To…to…drink?” she asked. At last, the man got the hot water but felt cold stares (凝视) from every corner of the café. Westerners want to know why Chinese drink hot water as Chinese want to know why Westerners drink cold water. This cultural difference is not an easy problem, but related to (与……有关联) history, culture and science. Many young people now drink bottled water every day. With the young people growing up, will drinking hot water become a less popular life habit? Who knows? 29．What do Chinese think of drinking icy water from the passage? A．Common and healthy. B．Strange but healthy. C．Common but unhealthy. D．Strange and unhealthy. 30．The underlined part in the fourth paragraph means other people in the café ____. A．were angry at the man's requirement B．followed the example of the man C．thought the man’s requirement was strange D．were interested in the man’s requirement 31．What would be the best title for the text? A．Healthy Life Habits B．Different Drinking Habits C．How to Drink Water D．Drinking Hot Water in China 【答案】29．D 30．C 31．B 【导语】本文主要描述的是中国与西方喝水文化习惯的不同。 29．细节理解题。根据“But most Chinese people think the Americans’ habit of drinking icy water is also strange and even unhealthy.”可知，中国人觉得喝冰水很奇怪，甚至不健康。故选D。 30．词句猜测题。根据“But this requirement made the waitress surprised, “To…to…drink?” she asked. At last, the man got the hot water but felt cold stares (凝视) from every corner of the café.”可知，他要一杯热水，结果服务员又吃惊又怀疑地再三确认是不是要来喝的，推测他要热水的要求在咖啡馆里的人看来是一个奇怪的请求，故选C。 31．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述中国和西方喝水文化的不同，选项B“不同的饮水习惯”符合文章主题。故选B。 （C） Three people were sitting around a table in a restaurant in Brazil. How much do you think each of them tipped? The Briton asked, “It’s common to tip 10 percent, right?” The American man cried, “Oh, I was planning to leave 20 percent!” The Chinese woman asked, “What’s a tip ?” Although it is not a tradition to tip in China, tipping is a big deal in the United States. There, it is common to tip about 15 to 20 percent of the bill. Usually, people give tips to a waiter or waitress. The US tops the list of tipping-waiters and waitresses are expecting to get 15-20 percent of the bill. So if you order $100 in food, you are expected to pay your waiter at least $15, making your payment $115 in all. Why is this? Many waiters and waitresses get paid below the US minimum wage (最低工资), and tips make up for that. Some states pay their servers only $2.13 per hour. It is not just for waiters, either. Hotel workers, hairdressers and taxi drivers also expect tips. Tipping is also popular in some Southeast Asian countries, like Indonesia and Thailand. However, in Japan, there is a no-tipping culture. If you try to give a waiter or waitress money, you may actually upset him or her. 32．What did the Chinese woman mean? A．She didn’t want to give any tip. B．She believed tipping should be little. C．She thought 20 percent was not enough. D．She didn’t know anything about tipping. 33．Why is tipping a big deal in the United States? A．Because it is not a tradition for servers to get payment. B．Because waiters and waitresses get very low wages. C．Because the US sets a minimum wage for every person. D．Because there are too many serving jobs in the US. 34．Which country does not have a culture of tipping? A．Britain B．Indonesia C．Thailand D．Japan 35．What is the story mainly about? A．How Americans eat out. B．Tipping culture worldwide. C．Why high tips are expected. D．Shared service traditions. 【答案】32．D 33．B 34．D 35．B 【导语】本文介绍了在世界各国人们给服务员小费的情况。 32．推理判断题。根据“Although it is not a tradition to tip in China, tipping is a big deal in the United States.”可知，在中国给小费不是一种传统，因此那个中国女人的意思是她对给小费一无所知。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据“Many waiters and waitresses get paid below the US minimum wage (最低工资), and tips make up for that.”可知，给小费在美国是件大事，因为服务员的工资很低。故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据“However, in Japan, there is a no-tipping culture.”可知，在日本，没有小费的文化。故选D。 35．主旨大意题。根据“Tipping is also popular in some Southeast Asian countries, like Indonesia and Thailand. However, in Japan, there is a no-tipping culture.”可知，本文介绍了全世界的小费文化。故选B。 （D） Do you sometimes feel left alone? Teenagers need to feel like they are members of a group. Just having to eat alone in the dining hall is enough to make them feel worried. They are afraid of being called a “loner”. But being a loner doesn’t always mean being strange or disliked. In fact, it has become a lifestyle in many countries among young people who think about being alone to be a part of everyday life. In South Korea, there are a growing number of people who describe themselves as “honjok”. These people eat alone, travel alone and enjoy being by themselves. In Japan, people have had a strong loner culture over the years. There are solo (单人的) cafes and solo KTVs. The restaurants for solo diners are especially popular. There are boards between two seats in a line against the wall. Diners can’t see the faces of other people. Knowing that you are not the only loner may make you feel better. But more importantly, you can try to find strength in your aloneness. Aloneness gives you time to look inside yourself or do other things with full attention. “It’s hard to feel lonely when you’re trying to learn a new skill, practice a hobby or try out a new diet,” wrote US lifestyle writer Adrienne Breaux. 36．Why don’t some teenagers want to be alone? A．Because eating alone is bad for their health. B．Because they are worried about being called a “loner”. C．Because making friends can make them feel different. D．Because they may not feel safe when staying alone. 37．What does the underlined word “honjok” mean in South Korea? A．A group of people being alone. B．Solo cafes and solo KTVs. C．People who are afraid of being alone. D．Teenagers who like practicing hobbies together. 38．What does the writer mention South Korea and Japan for? A．To explain being a loner has become a lifestyle in many countries. B．To show teenagers are afraid of being called a “loner”. C．To explain being a loner sometimes means being strange or disliked. D．To show aloneness is good for us in some ways. 39．Aloneness can help us ________. ①take a look at ourselves ②devote ourselves to doing things ③know we are the only loner ④try to become strong A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 40．The purpose of the passage is to ________. A．tell us the bad points of being alone B．show real loners in different countries C．introduce Asian cultures among youth D．help people look at aloneness in a good way 【答案】36．B 37．A 38．A 39．C 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青少年对独处的不同看法，以及韩国、日本等国家的“独居文化”现象，最后指出独处能让人获得力量、专注做事，引导人们以积极视角看待独处。 36．根据第一段“They are afraid of being called a 'loner'.”，可知青少年不想独处的原因是担心被贴上“loner”的标签。 37．根据第二段“These people eat alone, travel alone and enjoy being by themselves.”，可知“honjok”指的是“一群独处的人”。 38．根据第一段“In fact, it has become a lifestyle in many countries among young people...”，第二段以韩国、日本为例，是为了说明“独居已成为多国的生活方式”。 39．根据第三段“Aloneness gives you time to look inside yourself or do other things with full attention.”、“you can try to find strength in your aloneness.”，可知①“审视自己”、②“全神贯注做事”、④“尝试变得强大”符合；③“知道我们是唯一的独行者”与原文“you are not the only loner”矛盾。   40．文章先介绍青少年对独处的担忧，再介绍多国独居文化，最后指出独处的积极意义（获得力量、专注做事），目的是“帮助人们以积极的方式看待独处”。 四、单词拼写（15分） 41．The two old friends ________ (拥抱) each other tightly when they met again twenty years later. 【答案】hugged 【详解】句意：当二十年后两个老朋友再次相遇时，他们紧紧拥抱彼此。hug“拥抱”，是动词；由“met”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，此处应用其过去式形式，双写词尾辅音字母g，加-ed。 42．She made the stranger feel welcome by ________ (称呼) him as “Sir” with a smile. 【答案】addressing 【详解】句意：她微笑着称呼这位陌生人为“先生”，让他感到很受欢迎。“称呼”对应的英文单词是“address”，介词by后接动名词，作宾语，用addressing。 43．His _______ (谦虚的) attitude won him a lot of friends in the new school. 【答案】modest 【详解】句意：他谦虚的态度在新学校为他赢得了许多朋友。根据中文提示可知，“谦虚的”对应的英文是modest，是形容词，此处作定语修饰attitude。 44．Parents should teach their children some basic good _______ (礼仪) from an early age. 【答案】manners 【详解】句意：父母应当在孩子很小的时候就教导他们一些基本的礼貌规范。manner“礼仪”，可数名词。some修饰名词复数形式。故填manners。 45．People in this country are very ________ (好客的) to every visitor. 【答案】hospitable 【详解】句意：这个国家的人民对每一位来访者都非常好客。hospitable“好客的”，形容词，作表语。 46．It’s OK if you think ________ (different) from others. You can share your opinion with us. 【答案】differently 【详解】句意：如果你的想法与他人不同也没关系。你可以把你的观点告诉我们。此处需用副词修饰动词think，different的副词形式为differently“不同地”。 47．Try not to be too ________ (patient) with her. After all, she is only a kid. 【答案】impatient 【详解】句意：尽量不要对她不耐烦。毕竟，她只是个孩子。根据“Try not to be too…with her. After all, she is only a kid.”可知是指尽量不要对她不耐烦，impatient“不耐烦的”，形容词作表语。故填impatient。 48．________ (polite) is not just about words, it also includes body language and facial expressions. 【答案】Politeness 【详解】句意：礼貌不仅仅关乎言语，它还包括肢体语言和面部表情。polite“礼貌的”，是形容词，此处作主语，应用其名词形式politeness“礼貌”，位于句首首字母需要大写。 49．All the students were ________ (please) to hear they would go on a school trip next Monday. 【答案】pleased 【详解】句意：所有学生听到下周一要进行学校旅行都很高兴。please“使满意、取悦”，是动词，由“were”可知，此处应用形容词作表语，pleased“感到高兴的”，修饰人，符合语境。 50．We should speak ________ (respect) to the elderly and make them feel warm. 【答案】respectfully 【详解】句意：我们应该尊敬地和老人说话，让他们感到温暖。speak是动词，应用副词修饰，respect的副词形式为respectfully“尊敬地”。 51．The top student ________ (毫不隐瞒地) told us her secret to improving English writing. 【答案】openly 【详解】句意：尖子生毫不隐瞒地告诉我们她提升英语写作的秘诀。openly“毫不隐瞒地”，是副词，修饰动词“told”。 52．Don’t be afraid of ________ (表现) badly in public. Just show others your ability. 【答案】behaving 【详解】句意：不要害怕在公共场合表现不好。只管向别人展示你的能力。根据中文提示可知，“表现”对应的英文是behave，是动词，此处位于介词of之后，用动名词形式，故填behaving。 53．People around the world love living ________ (peace) and hate wars. 【答案】peacefully 【详解】句意：全世界人民都热爱和平地生活，憎恨战争。peace意为“和平”，是名词。此处修饰动词living，应用副词形式，表示“和平地”。故填peacefully。 54．The food in that restaurant is so ________ (taste) that we want to eat there again. 【答案】tasty 【详解】句意：那家餐馆的食物如此美味，以至于我们想再去那里吃。此处考查结构：so+形容词+that从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。根据所给单词和“that we want to eat there again”可知，此处表示食物的味道很好，形容词tasty“美味的”符合语境。 55．She refused to join our _______________ (discuss) and finished her paper alone. 【答案】discussion 【详解】句意：她拒绝加入我们的讨论，然后独自完成她的论文。有形容词性物主代词our修饰，故用discuss的名词形式，故填discussion。 五、完成句子（10分） 56．中国人总是表现得很谦虚，而不是公开接受别人的赞美。 Chinese people always behave modestly _____________ . 【答案】instead of accepting others’ praise openly 【详解】原句中“而不是公开接受别人的赞美”是关键词，表示“而不是”的短语是instead of，后接动名词形式；“公开接受别人的赞美”对应表达为accepting others’ praise openly。故填instead of accepting others’ praise openly。 57．说到交朋友，诚实友好准错不了。 _____________, you ____________ being honest and friendly. 【答案】 When it comes to making friends can’t go wrong with 【详解】原句中“说到交朋友”和“准错不了”是关键词。表示“说到”的英文是When it comes to...，后接动名词短语making friends“交朋友”；表示“准错不了”的英文是can’t go wrong with，是动词短语。 58．虽然很赶时间，这位绅士还是拒绝插队。 The gentleman ___________________ though he was in a hurry. 【答案】refused to jump the line 【详解】原句中 “拒绝插队” 是关键词，表示 “拒绝做某事” 的结构是refuse to do sth.，“插队”的短语是jump the line。根据句中was可知，本句为一般过去时，refuse需使用过去式refused。故填refused to jump the line。 59．玛丽足够值得信赖，她总是信守承诺。 Mary is ________________ all the time. 【答案】trustworthy enough to keep her word 【详解】原句中“足够值得信赖她信守承诺”的关键词。表示“足够值得信赖”的短语为trustworthy enough，其中trustworthy为形容词，enough修饰形容词需后置，且后面加动词不定式作补语；表示“信守承诺”的动词短语为keep one’s word，主语为Mary，所以one’s为her。 60．请不要拘束，需要什么就告诉我。 Please ________________, and tell me if you need anything. 【答案】feel at home/make yourself at home 【详解】原句中“不要拘束”是关键词。表示“不要拘束”的动词短语为feel at home/make oneself at home，句子为祈使句，应用动词原形，由“you”可知，反身代词oneself应用“yourself”。 六、任务型阅读（10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。     Linda is a 14-year-old girl. She lives with her mother. Her mother is a doctor and is always busy with work, but she never forgets to teach Linda good manners.     Every morning, Linda says “Good morning” to her mother before going to school. When her mother comes back home from work, Linda greets her with a smile and helps her take off her coat. One day, Linda’s mother was very tired after a long day’s work. She fell asleep on the sofa. Linda didn’t wake her up. Instead, she covered her mother with a blanket and quietly cleaned the room. When her mother woke up, she was very moved.     Linda also has good manners at school. She respects her teachers and is kind to her classmates. If someone borrows her things, she always agrees happily. When she makes a mistake, she says “sorry” sincerely. Last week, she accidentally broke her classmate’s pen. She apologized to her classmate and bought a new one for her. Her classmate forgave her quickly.     Linda’s mother often tells her that good manners can help her make more friends and get along well with others. Linda remembers her mother’s words and tries her best to be a polite girl. 61．How old is Linda? 62．What does Linda’s mother do? 63．What did Linda do when her mother fell asleep on the sofa? 64．How did Linda apologize to her classmate for breaking the pen? 65．What does Linda’s mother think good manners can help her do? 【答案】61．She is 14 years old. 62．She is a doctor. 63．Covered her with a blanket and cleaned the room. 64．Apologized and bought a new one. 65．Make more friends and get along well with others. 【导语】本文主要介绍了14 岁女孩琳达在母亲的教导下，在家庭和学校中践行良好礼仪的故事，体现了良好礼仪对人际交往的积极作用。 61．根据“Linda is a 14-year-old girl.”可知，琳达十四岁。故填She is 14 years old. 62．根据“Her mother is a doctor.”可知，琳达的妈妈是医生。故填She is a doctor. 63．根据“she covered her mother with a blanket and quietly cleaned the room.”可知，当琳达的妈妈在沙发上睡着时，琳达给她盖了毯子并且打扫卫生。故填Covered her with a blanket and cleaned the room. 64．根据“She apologized to her classmate and bought a new one for her.”可知，她跟同学道歉并且给她买了一个新的。故填Apologized and bought a new one. 65．根据“good manners can help her make more friends and get along well with others.”可知，良好的礼仪能帮她交更多的朋友并且和其他人相处得很好。故填Make more friends and get along well with others. 七、短文填空（10分） The ocean is a beautiful and mysterious world. It is home to many kinds of sea animals and plants. But now, the ocean is facing a lot of problems because of human activities. We need to have good m 66 to protect the ocean.    First, we shouldn’t throw rubbish into the ocean. Rubbish such as plastic bags and bottles can harm sea animals. Many sea turtles mistake plastic bags for jellyfish and eat them, which can cause their d 67 . Second, we should not overfish. Overfishing will make some sea animals disappear forever. We should follow the fishing rules and give the fish enough time to r 68 . Third, we shouldn’t pour dirty water into the ocean. Dirty water can pollute the sea and make the sea animals sick.     Also, when we visit the beach, we should keep it clean. Don’t leave any litter on the sand. We can join volunteer activities to c 69 up the beach. What’s more, we should learn more about the ocean and tell our friends and family about the i 70 of protecting it.     Protecting the ocean is not only good for sea animals and plants, but also good for humans. The ocean provides us with many useful things, such as seafood and clean water. If we protect the ocean well, it will continue to give us these g 71 .     Let’s take action now. With good manners and efforts, we can make the ocean a better place for everyone. Remember, every small act of protecting the ocean c 72 . We should never give up. Let’s work together to s 73 the ocean. In this way, our children and grandchildren will also be able to e 74 the beautiful ocean and all the wonderful things in it. Let’s make a promise to protect the ocean and keep it clean and h 75 forever. 【答案】 66．manners/anners 67．death/eath 68．reproduce/eproduce 69．clean/lean 70．importance/mportance 71．gifts/ifts 72．counts/ounts 73．save/ave 74．enjoy/njoy 75．healthy/ealthy 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章先指出海洋因人类活动面临诸多问题，随后提出一系列保护海洋的具体措施，最后呼吁人们行动起来守护海洋，强调保护海洋不仅利于海洋生物，也对人类自身有益。 66．句意：我们需要用良好的行为习惯来保护海洋。根据后文“With good manners”可知，与前文呼应，且“good manners”是固定搭配，意为“良好的行为习惯”。故填manners。 67．句意：许多海龟把塑料袋误认为水母吃掉，这会导致它们死亡。根据“Many sea turtles mistake plastic bags for jellyfish and eat them, which can cause their...”可知，形容词性物主代词“their”后需接名词，“death”表示“死亡”，符合语境。故填death。 68．句意：我们应该遵守捕鱼规则，给鱼类足够的时间繁殖。根据“We should follow the fishing rules and give the fish enough time to...”可知，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，“reproduce”意为“繁殖”，符合保护鱼类的语境。故填reproduce。 69．句意：我们可以参加志愿活动来清理海滩。根据“We can join volunteer activities to...up the beach.”可知，“clean up”是固定短语，意为“清理”，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填clean。 70．句意：而且，我们应该更多地了解海洋，并告诉亲友保护海洋的重要性。根据“What’s more, we should learn more about the ocean and tell our friends and family about the...of protecting it.”可知，定冠词“the”后需接名词，“importance” 表示“重要性”，符合句意。故填importance。 71．句意：如果我们好好保护海洋，它会继续给我们这些馈赠。根据“If we protect the ocean well, it will continue to give us these...”可知，指示代词“these”后接可数名词复数，“gifts”表示“馈赠”，指代海洋提供的海鲜、清水等资源。故填gifts。 72．句意：记住，每一个保护海洋的小举动都很重要。根据“Remember, every small act of protecting the ocean...”可知，主语“every small act”是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“counts”表示“重要；有价值”。故填counts。 73．句意：让我们一起努力拯救海洋。根据“Let’s work together to...the ocean.”可知，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，“save”表示“拯救”，符合呼吁保护海洋的语境。故填save。 74．句意：这样，我们的子孙后代也能欣赏美丽的海洋以及其中所有奇妙的事物。根据“In this way, our children and grandchildren will also be able to...the beautiful ocean and all the wonderful things in it.”可知，“be able to”后接动词原形，“enjoy”表示“欣赏；享受”。故填enjoy。 75．句意：让我们承诺保护海洋，让它永远保持洁净和健康。根据“Let’s make a promise to protect the ocean and keep it clean and...forever.”可知，“keep sth.+adj.”表示“使……保持健康”，需填形容词作宾语补足语，“healthy”表示“健康的”。故填healthy。 八、书面表达（15分） 76．青春有礼，阳光同行。学校将举办“青春仪式”主题活动，倡议青少年践行文明礼仪、传递温暖力量。请以“用礼貌与善意点亮青春”为题，写一篇英语短文。 要求：     (1)描述践行礼仪和传递温暖的具体做法，至少各3点；语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清晰。 (2)词数90左右；文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 (3)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称等信息。 Light Up Youth with Good Manners and Kindness Youth is a time not only to improve our knowledge and abilities, but to grow with good manners and kindness. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Remember: every small effort counts. Let’s light up youth with our actions and make the world a better place for everyone. 【答案】 范文： Light Up Youth with Good Manners and Kindness Youth is a time not only to improve our knowledge and abilities, but to grow with good manners and kindness. To practice good manners, we can start with small daily actions. First, always say “please”, “thank you” and “sorry” when needed. Second, wait in line and never push others. Third, respect the elderly by offering them seats on the bus. To spread kindness, we can help classmates with their studies, comfort sad friends with warm words, and take part in volunteer work like cleaning the park or visiting old people’s homes. These actions make our school warmer and our society better. Let’s fill every day with polite words and caring hearts. Remember: every small effort counts. Let’s light up youth with our actions and make the world a better place for everyone. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文/倡议类文章，以一般现在时和祈使句为主 明确要点：践行礼仪的具体做法（至少3点）、传递温暖的具体做法（至少3点）、行动的意义 确定人称：第一人称复数（we）和第二人称（you）为主 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，需涵盖所有要点 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：已给出，引出青春与礼仪善意的主题 主体段一：列举践行礼仪的具体做法（至少3点） 主体段二：列举传递温暖的具体做法（至少3点） 结尾段：总结行动意义，呼应开头 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：践行礼仪的做法 礼貌用语：say “please”, “thank you” and “sorry” when needed/use polite words等 排队守序：wait in line/never push others/be patient等 尊重长辈：respect the elderly/offer them seats on the bus/help them cross the road等 其他礼仪：keep quiet in public/cover mouth when coughing等 要点二：传递温暖的做法 帮助同学：help classmates with their studies/share notes/explain problems等 安慰朋友：comfort sad friends with warm words/listen to them/give hugs等 志愿服务：take part in volunteer work/clean the park/visit old people’s homes/help the homeless等 其他善意：smile to others/say hello first/give compliments等 要点三：行动意义 学校意义：make our school warmer/build a friendly environment等 社会意义：make society better/create a harmonious world等 个人成长：fill every day with polite words and caring hearts/become better persons等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $